λίθιος

λῐθ-ιος, Thess. for λίθινος, IG9(2).517.21 ([place name] Larissa).

ἀ̱λίθιος, ἠλίθιος

idle: masc nom sg (doric)

ἀ̱λίθιος, ἠλίθιος

idle: masc nom sg (doric)

Grammatical information: m.f. (on gender cf. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37 and n. 6, Shipp Studies 76)

Meaning: `stone, stoneblock, rock, precious stones' (Il.).

Compounds: compp., e.g. λιθο-βόλος m. `stone-thrower' (Att.), μονό-λιθος `consisting of one stone' (Hdt.).

Derivatives: Several derivv. 1. Diminut.: λιθ-ίδιον (Pl., Arist.), - άριον (Thphr., hell. inscr.), - αρίδιον (Alex. Trall.). 2. collectives: λιθάς, - άδος f. `rain of stones, throw..' (Od., A., Nic.; Chantraine Form. 352), λιθία `rock' (hell.; cf. Chantraine 81). 3. λίθαξ f. `stone' (ε 415 [attributive], hell. poetry), λιθακός `id.' (Stesich.; Chantraine 384), λιθίς = λιθίασις (s. below; Hp.). - 4. Adject.: λίθεος (Hom.), λίθιος (Thess.), - ειος (sch.) `of stone'; λίθινος `id.' (Pi., IA.), λιθικός `belonging to (a) stone' (hell.). λιθώδης `stonelike, stony' (IA.) with λιθωδία (Eust.). - 5. Verbs: λιθάζω `throw with stones, lapidate' (Arist., Anaxandr.) with λιθασ-μός, - τής, - τικός (A. D., sch.); λιθόομαι `be changed into stone' (Arist.) with λίθωσις (Aristeas, Plu.); λιθιάω (- θάω) `suffer from the stone' (Hp.; after the verbs of disease in - ιάω, Schwyzer 732) with λιθίασις (Hp., Gal.).

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]X [probably]

Etymology: Unexplained. Wrong or quite improbable hypotheses mentioned in Bq, WP. 2, 379 and W.-Hofmann s. laedō. After Grošelj Živa Ant. 5, 111 f. to λεῖος, λιτός etc. with θ-suffix; comparable Scheftelowitz Festgabe H. Jacobi (Bonn 1926) 28: to Lith. slidùs `smooth'. Words for `stone' etc. are often taken from a substratum.

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