κεκορυθμένος

κορύσσω

furnish with a helmet: perf part mp masc nom sg

κορύσσω, [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

A

κόρυσσε Il.21.306

; poet. inf. - έμεν Pi.P.8.75:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. ἐκορυσσάμην, part.

κορυσσάμενος Il.19.397

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. κεκόρυθμαι, part. κεκορυθμένος, freq. in Hom. (v. infr.): ([etym.] κόρυς):— poet., chiefly [dialect] Ep., Verb, prop. furnish with a helmet: hence,

1 generally, fit out, equip, marshal,

πόλεμόν τε κορύσσων Il.2.273

;

κλόνον ἀνδρῶν Hes.Sc. 148

; μάχην ib. 198;

μάχας ἔργον Pi.I.8(7).58

;

φιλαιμάτους ἀλκάς E.Rh. 933

:—in Hom. mostly [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., equip, arm oneself,

τὼ δὲ κορυσσέσθην Il.4.274

;

ὄπιθεν δὲ κορυσσάμενος βῆ Ἀχιλλεύς 19.397

;

Αἴας δὲ κορύσσετο νώροπι χαλκῷ 7.206

;

κεκορυθμένος αἴθοπι χαλκῷ 5.562

, etc.; of things, δοῦρε δύω κεκορυθμένα χαλκῷ headed with brass, 3.18, 11.43: abs., ἔγχος, βριθὺ μέγα στιβαρὸν κεκορυθμένον 16.802: c. acc., ὅπλων κεκορυθμένος ἔνδυτ' E.IA 1073 (lyr.): metaph.,

ἔριδι κ. Id.Andr. 279

(lyr.).

2 furnish, provide,

βίον κορυσσέμεν ὀρθοβούλοισι μαχαναῖς Pi.P.

l.c.

II make crested, κόρυσσε δὲ κῦμα ῥόοιο reared his crested wave, Il.21.306:—[voice] Pass., rear its head, of a wave,

πόντῳ μέν τε πρῶτα κορύσσεται Il.4.424

, cf. A.R.2.71; of Eris,

ἥ τ' ὀλίγη μὲν πρῶτα κορύσσεται Il.4.442

; χείμαρρε, τί δὴ τόσον ὧδε κορύσσῃ; AP9.277 (Antiphil.); of clouds, Theoc.25.94, etc.; also of birds, Thphr.Sign.16: metaph.,

Δῆμος.. πρὸς πνεῦμα βραχὺ κ. Com.Adesp.1324

; cf. κορθύνω. ( κορύττεται 'butts' Agath.1.4 is prob. f.l. for κορύπτεται: [tense] aor. [voice] Med.

κορύξασθαι, δίκην ἀλεκτρυόνος Ath.3.127a

, dub.l. in Hp.Ep.17.)

χαλκός, Cret. [full] καυχός GDI5011.4 (iii B. C.), ὁ:—

A copper,

χ. ἐρυθρός Il.9.365

; with reference to its polished surface, αἶθοψ, ἦνοψ, νῶροψ, φαεινός, 4.495, 16.408, 2.578, 12.151;

Τρῶες.. χαλκῷ μαρμαίροντες 13.801

;

πεδίον.. λάμπετο χαλκῷ 20.156

;

τῆλε δὲ χ. λάμφ' ὥς τε στεροπή 10.153

, cf. 11.65, 19.363;

σάκος.. χαλκῷ παμφαῖνον 14.11

; and of the ornaments of a house,

χαλκοῦ τε στεροπήν Od.4.72

; of copper as the first metal that men learnt to smelt and work,

τῶν δ' ἦν χάλκεα μὲν τεύχεα, χάλκεοι δέ τε οἶκοι, χαλκῷ δ' εἰργάζοντο, μέλας δ' οὐκ ἔσκε σίδηρος Hes.Op. 151

; χ. ἐρυθρός (cf. supr.) Hp.Ulc.17, Thphr.Lap.57, Callix.1;

χ. ἐρυθρὸς καὶ λευκός Thphr.Od.71

;

χ. Κύπριος Posidon.52J.

, Dsc.1.102, cf. Polyaen.3.10.14; alloyed with tin to form bronze, the usual meaning of the word in Hom. (v. infr. 11) and freq. in later writers:

σίδηρος δὲ καὶ χ. πολέμων ὄργανα Pl.Lg. 956a

, etc.;

χ. κεκραμένος D.Chr.28.3

.

II in Poets freq. for anything made of metal, esp. of arms (hence Pi. calls it πολιός, the proper epith. of iron, P.3.48); of offensive arms, ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ, νηλέϊ χ., of a spear, a sword, Il.4.540, 3.292, al.; of a knife, 1.236, al.; of an axe, 13.180, Od.5.244, al.; of a fish-hook, Il.16.408; of defensive arms, as the plates laid on a shield, 20.275; χαλκὸν ζώννυσθαι, of a warrior girding on his armour, 23.130;

κεκορυθμένος, αἴθοπι χ. 4.495

;

ἐδύσετο νώροπα χ. 2.578

; of both combined, πλάγχθη δ' ἀπὸ χαλκόφι χαλκός the spear of bronze glanced off the helm of bronze, 11.351.

2 of vessels, copper, cauldron, urn, 18.349, Od.8.426; of a cinerary urn, S.El. 758; collectively of bronze plate, χ. μυρίος, Pi.N.10.45;

θάλαμον.., ὅθι νητὸς χρυσὸς καὶ χ. ἔκειτο Od. 2.338

, cf.13.19,21.10,62, Il.2.226; used in payment of ransom, 22.50, cf. 340, Od.5.38.

3 of a bronze mirror, A.Fr. 393, Call.Lav.Pall.21, Ap6.210 (Philet.); used as a burning-glass, Thphr.Ign.73.

4 collectively, copper money, IPE12.24.15 (Olbia, iv B. C.), Ev.Matt. 10.9, Ev.Marc.12.41, cf.

ἰσόνομος 11

; generally, money, opp. κύαμοι, IG14.423 ii 21 ([place name] Tauromenium), cf. BGU822.12 (iii A. D.), etc.; χαλκοῦ σπάνις MenMon.156;

χαλκὸν ἔχων πῶς οὐδὲν ἔχεις μάθε AP 11.167

(Pollian.).

5 = χάλκωμα, bronze plate or tablet,

τὰν προξενίαν γράψαντας εἰς χαλκὸν ἀνθέμεν IG9(1).682

(Corcyra, iv B. C.); οὐετρανοὶ οἱ χωρὶς χαλκῶν, who have not received bronze copies of the privileges granted on discharge, BGU113.5 (ii A. D.), etc.

6 a weight, 1/8 obol, Gal.19.752.

III χαλκοῦ ἄνθος, particles thrown off by copper when cooling, Hp.Mul.1.104, Ph.Bel.102.34, Dsc.5.77.

b χαλκοῦ λεπίς, small pieces that scale off under the hammer, ib.78. (Perh. cf. Lith. geležìs 'iron'.)

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `helmet' (Il.);

Other forms: κόρυρ θριγκός H. (Lac.).

Dialectal forms: Myc. koruto (gen. sg.); also korupi (instr. pl.)

Compounds: Compp. κορυθ-άϊξ `shaking the helmet' (Χ 132; cf. on ἀΐσσω), - αἰόλος `id.', mostly of Hector (Il., A. R.; accent after Hdn., Eust. with codd. Ven.; so conncted with αἰόλλω; cf. Frisk Eranos 38, 39 w. n. 2, also Bechtel Lex. s. v.), κορυθήκη f. `helm-case' (Delos II<sup>a</sup>; haplology for κορυθο-θ.); τρί-κορυς `with triple plume' (E. Ba. 123, lyr.), also τρι-κόρυθος `id.' (E. Or. 1480); χαλκο-, ἱππο-κορυστής `with bronze resp. redhaired helmet' (Il.; - της metr. enlarging, s. Frisk l. c.).

Derivatives: 1. Diminut. κορύθιον (Gloss.). 2. κορυστής m. `helm-bearer' (Il.). 3. κόρυθος εἷς τις τῶν τροχίλων, περικεφαλαία H.; to Κόρυ(ν)θος as surn. of Apollon s. below 4. κορύθων ἀλεκτρυών H. 5. κορυθάλη, - αλίς = εἰρεσιώνη, `maypole(?)' (EM) with Κορυθαλία surn. of Artemis near Sparta (Polem. Hist., H.; s. Nilsson Gr. Rel. 1, 123 a. 490), also = κορυθάλη (H., Gloss.); with κορυθαλίστριαι αἱ χορεύουσαι τῃ̃ Κορυθαλίᾳ θεᾳ̃ H. (after the fem. in -( ί)στρια; vgl. Chantraine Formation 106). 6. Denomin. verb κορύσσω, - ομαι, aor. κορύσσασθαι (Il.), κορύξασθαι (Ath. 3, 127a; also Hp. Ep. 17?), ptc. perf. κεκορυθμένος (Il.; Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 434), verbal adj. κορυστός `heaped up', of full measure (Attica; κορυ\<σ\> τόν ἐπίμεστον H.), prop. `take a helmet', metaph. `raise high, rise', also in gen. `arm oneself' (Il.; Leumann Hom. Wörter 210, Erbse Herm. 81, 171). - Uncertain remains the judgement of Κόρυ(ν)θος surn. of Apollon in Messenia (inscr., Paus. 4, 34, 7); cf. v. Wilamowitz Glaube 1, 106 w. n. 3, Hitzig-Blümner ad loc.); κορυνθεύς κόφινος, κάλαθος. ἀλεκτρυών (H.; cf. κορύθων ab.). - On κόρυς with derivv. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 40ff., Gray Class. Quart. 41, 114ff.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Mostly connected with κέρας, first to the old u-stem in κερα(Ϝ)-ός (s. v.); but the differences of meaning and the morphological details are not well explained; improbable. Chantraine Mélanges Glotz 165ff. considers therefore for κόρυς Mediterraneann origin (in the framework of the soc. `protidg. Schicht'); not to κορυφή, κόρυμβος, κόρυδος, κορύνη. The forms κορυδ-ών, - αλ(λ)-ος point to a Pre-Greek word (Fur. 195).

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