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1 καταδικάζειν
καταδικάζωgive judgement: pres inf act (attic epic)καταδικάζωgive judgement: pres inf act (attic epic) -
2 ψῆφος
ψῆφος, ἡ, ein Steinchen, bes. ein kleiner abgeriebener, geglätteter, gerundeter Stein, ein Kiesel, ein glattgeriebener Flußkiesel; Pind. ποντία, Ol. 13, 44; auch ein künstlich geglätteter, polirter Stein, 7, 87; dah. Steinchen zu Mosaikarbeiten, Sp., auch Edelstein, δακτυλική, im Ringe, Pallad. 87 (XI, 290). – Dergleichen Steinchen wurden aber bes. gebraucht – a) zum Zählen od. Rechnen; ἐν ψήφῳ λέγειν, anrechnen, Aesch. Ag. 556; στρατοῦ πλῆϑος οὐδ' ἂν ἐν ψήφου λόγῳ ϑέσϑαι δυναίμην Eur. Rhes. 369; Rechenpfennig, Zahlzeichen, Her. 2, 36; vgl. Euen. 16 (IX, 251); D. Sic. 12, 13; αἱ ἐπὶ τῶν ἀβακίων ψῆφοι Pol. 5, 26, 13; οἱ περὶ τὰς ψήφους, der Rechner od. Wechsler, Ath. VII, 305; Alciphr. 1, 26; καϑαραὶ ψῆφοι, reine Rechnung, die aufgeht, Dem. 18, 227. – b) der Stein im Brettspiel; – ψήφων παιδιά, Taschenspielerei, οὐκ ἐν ψήφοις, ἀλλ' ἐν λόγοις Plat. Rep. VI, 487 c. – c) ein Steinchen oder Loos, womit eine Art Wahrsagerei getrieben wurde, ἡ διὰ τῶν ψήφων μαντική, Heyne Apoll. 3, 10, 2. 9 p. 274. – d) am häufigsten bes. bei Att. das Steinchen, dessen man sich zum Abgeben der Stimme bediente, das man in die Stimmurne, ὑδρία warf, Her. 8, 123; dah. auch die Stimme selbst, die man bei Wahlen od. beim Abstimmen über Beschlüsse abgiebt, ψήφου φορά Eur. Suppl. 500; εἰς ψῆφον ἔρχεται πόλεμος, er kommt zur Abstimmung, Entscheidung, 497; ψῆφον φέρειν, seine Stimme abgeben, Aesch. Eum. 645, u. öfter; Eur.; in Prosa, Plat., Andoc. 1, 2, ὑπέρ τινος, Lycurg. 7. 147. 149, περί τινος, 11. 13; ψῆφον ϑέσϑαι, Aesch. Ag. 790 Suppl. 631; οὐδὲ μετ' ἀρσένων ψῆφον ἔϑεντο 634; Lycurg. 13. 128; vgl. Dem. 29, 4; aber bei Her. 8, 123 ist ψῆφον τίϑεσϑαι »sich selbst seine Stitume geben«; διαφέρειν, Aesch. 3, 198; προςϑέσϑαι τινί, zu Jemandes Gunsten stimmen, Dem. 57, 69; διδόναι δήμῳ τὴν ψῆφον, abstimmen lassen, 59, 90; τὴν ψῆφον ἐπάγειν, dasselbe, Thuc. 1, 119. 125; ψῆφος ἐπῆκτο αὐτῷ περὶ φυγῆς, es wird auf Verbannung gegen ihn angetragen, Xen. An. 7, 7,57; ψῆφος κατ' αὐτῶν ὀλεϑρία βουλεύσεται Aesch. Spt. 181; ψήφῳ διαιρεῖν τοῦδε πράγματος πέρι Eum. 600; μή μ' ἁπλῇ κτάνῃς ψήφῳ, διπλῇ δέ, τῇ τ' ἐμῇ καὶ σῇ Soph. O. R. 607; Eur., der es sogar für Gerichtshof braucht, vom Areopag, I. T. 915; u. Ar., κατά τινος τὴν ψῆφον ἰχνεύειν Equ. 805, Schol. καταδικάσαι, ψήφῳ δακεῖν Ach. 354, Schol. οἷον καταδικάζειν; Plat. οἷς ἂν πλείστη γένηται ψῆφος, Legg. VI, 759 d; οὐ μεταλαβὼν τὸ πέμπτον μέρος τῶν ψήφων XII, 948 a; νικᾷ γὰρ πάσαισι ταῖς ψήφοις ὁ νόμος VII, 801 a; φανερὰ ψῆφος, offene Abstimmung, Xen. Hell. 2, 4,9; vgl. Thuc. 5, 74; ἄγειν ὑπὸ τὴν ὑμετέραν ψῆφον Dem. 59, 126; ἔρχεσϑαι ὑπὸ τὴν τῶν δικαστηρίων ψῆφον Aesch. 3, 19; ὑποχείρι ον ἔχοντες τῇ ψήφῳ Lycurg. 115, wie ἔχειν ὑπὸ τῇ ψήφῳ 2; – übertr., ταῖς τοῦ συμφέροντος ψήφοις μετρεῖν πάντα Pol. 2, 47, 5; – Abstimmung, ἐν μιᾷ ψήφῳ καὶ ἑνὶ ἀγῶνι Is. 6, 4; Stimmrecht, u. der durch Stimmenmehrheit gefaßte Beschluß, bes. einer Volksversammlung; aber auch τυράννων, Soph. Ant. 60, vgl. 628; übh. Urtheil, öffentliche Stimme, σὺ δὲ τίν' ἂν ψῆφον ϑεῖο Plat. Prot. 330 c; ψῆφος φλεγυρὰ βροτῶν Cratin. bei Ath. VIII, 344; – ψῆφοι ἱεραί sind heilige Bücher, Euen. 6 (XII, 172).
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3 κατ-ευθύνω
κατ-ευθύνω, 1) gerade machen, -richten, wohl einrichten, lenken; τὸ σκάφος Poll. 1, 98; πρὸς τὸ ἄστρον τὴν ναῦν Clem. Al.; αἱ περιφοραὶ κατευϑυνόμεναι Plat. Tim. 44 b; Critia. 118 c; Sp., κατευϑῦναι τὰ παρόντα πρὸς τὸ κάλλιστον τέλος Plut. Camill. 42. – Auch wie das simplex, strafen, = καταδικάζειν, Poll. 8, 22; Rechenschaftsablegung fordern, Plat. Legg. XII, 945 a. – 2) mit ausgelassenem ἑαυτόν, intr., gerade darauf losgehen, ἐπὶ τοὺς πολεμίους Plut. Alex. 33.
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4 δεκα-πλάσιος
δεκα-πλάσιος, α, ον, zehnfach, Lys. 19, 35; ἀλγη-δόνες δεκαπλάσιαι Plat. Rep. X, 615 b; τὴν δεκαπλασίαν, sc. τιμὴν καταδικάζειν, das Zehnfache als Strafe, Dem. 24, 105; δεκαπλάσιον τῆς τιμῆς ἀποτινέτω Plat. Legg. XI, 914 c; – τινός, zehnmal größer als, Pol. 22, 5, 15.
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5 ἐρῆμος
ἐρῆμος, auch zweier Endgn, Her., Pind., att. ἔρημος, ον, doch auch dreier Endgn, Soph. Ant. 735, Eur. öfter, bes. δίκη is. unten); einsam, gew. entblößt von angenehmen Dingen, deren Verlust empfindlich ist; vom Lande, wüst, unbebaut, νῆσος Od. 3, 270, χῶρος Il. 10, 520; ἐρήμας δι' αἰϑέρος Pind. Ol. 1, 6; ἔρημος αἰϑήρ 13, 35; νῶτα γαίης P. 4, 26; πάγος Aesch. Prom. 270; τὰ δ' ἄλλα ἔρημα Soph. Phil. 34; ἔρημος – βροτῶν στίβος Ant. 769; πνύξ, menschenleer, Ar. Ach. 20; λιμήν Thuc. 2, 96; πολλὴν τῆς χώρας ἔρημον καὶ ἀργὸν οὖσαν Xen. Cyr. 3, 2, 2; ποιοῠντες ἀνδρῶν κακῶν ἔρημον τὴν πόλιν Plat. Legg. IX, 862 e, leer von schlechten Menschen, wie ϑεῶν ἔρημα εἶναι πάντα X, 908 c; – ἡ ἔρημος, sc. χώρα, die Einöde, Wüste, ein von Menschen verlassener Ort, Her. 3, 102. 4, 18 u. Folgde; auch τὰ ἔρημα, 2, 32; Thuc. 2, 17; vgl. Il. 5, 140 κατὰ σταϑμοὺς δύεται, τὰ δ' ἐρῆμα φοβεῖται; – von Menschen, einsam, verlassen, hülflos, μονάδα δὲ Εέρξην ἔρημόν φασιν οὐ πολλῶν μέτα μολεῖν, Aesch. Pers. 720; Ag. 836; καὶ ἄφιλος Soph. Phil. 228; χωρὶς ἀνϑρώπων στίβου 485; neben ἄπορος O. C. 1733; ἔρημος πρὸς φίλων Ant. 910; ὁ πατὴρ ἀπολιπὼν ἀπέρχεται ὑμᾶς ἐρήμους Ar. Par 112; oft c. gen., ἔρημον πάντων τῶν συγγενῶν, von allen Verwandten verlassen, ohne alle Verwandte, Plat. Gorg. 523 e; πατρὸς ἢ μητρός Legg. XI, 927 b; vgl. Soph. ναῠς ἔρημος ἀνδρῶν μὴ ξυνοικούντων ἔσω, entblößt von Männern, O. R. 57; στέγαι φίλων ἔρημαι El. 1397, leer von Freunden; Eur. u. A.; vgl. ἐσϑὴς ἐρῆμος ἐοῠσα ὅπλων Her. 9, 63. Eben so Κορινϑίων ἔρημοι ἐς τοῠτον τὸν πόλεμον καϑέσταμεν Thuc. 1, 32, ohne die Korinthier; συμμάχων Xen. Cyr. 2, 1, 11; τοῦ βοηϑήσοντος Isocr. epist. 1, 3; Dem. oft, u. Sp.; – auch von Sachen, καὶ ἄπορος Plat. Phil. 16 b; καὶ ὀρφανά Legg. XI, 927 c; so öfter von Verwais'ten, Lys. 2, 71; κλῆρος Is. 3, 61. – Bes. ἡ ἐρήμη, selten ἡ ἔρημος, sc. δίκη u. δίαιτα, welche Wörter auch zuweilen dabeistehen, ein Contumazialbescheid, wodurch die im Termin ausbleibende Partei verurtheilt wurde; ἐρήμην κατηγορεῖν Plat. Apol. 18 c, einen Abwesenden anklagen; ἤλπιζε ἀποφεύξεσϑαι τὴν γραφήν · οὔτε γὰρ ἐπεξιέναι οὐδένα, ἀλλ' ἐρήμην αὐτὴν ἔσεσϑαι, wenn eben kein Ankläger auftritt, Antiph. 2 α 7, ἐρήμην ὄφλειν τὴν δίκην, ein Contumazialurtheil verwirkt haben, in contumaciam verurtheilt werden, 5, 13, wie τὴν δίκην ἔρημον ὄφλειν Dem. 32, 26; ἐρήμην τινὰ λαβεῖν Lys. 26, 18; δίκην εἷλον ἐρήμην Dem. 21, 81, einen solchen Proceß gewinnen, bewirken, daß Einer in contumaciam verurtheilt wird, wo οὐ γὰρ ἀπήντα dabei steht; ἐρήμῃ δίκῃ κατέγνωσαν αὐτοῠ ϑάνατον Thuc. 6, 61; vgl. D. Sic. 13, 5; ἐρήμην καταδιαιτᾶν, καταδικάζειν τινός, Jem. in contumaciam verurtheilen, Dem. 40, 17 u. A.; auch τὴν ἔρημον δοῠναι, Dem. 21, 85, u. ἐρήμην αὐτοῠ κατέγνω τὴν δίαιταν 33, 33, – ἔρημον ἀφεικέναι τὸν ἀγῶνα, sich dem Kampfe entziehen, D. Hal., sich nicht stellen, s. Schäfer zu D. Hal. V. C. 402; – ἀγὼν ἐρημότερος Lys. 29, 1.
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6 ερημη
ἥἐρήμην κατηγορεῖν Plat. — обвинять заочно, т.е. в отсутствие обвиняемого;
ἐρήμην καταδικάζειν Arst., Dem. — вынести приговор заочно;ἐρήμην αἱρεῖν Dem. — добиться заочного осуждения2) пустота(ἐρήμης ἀμφισβητεῖν Arst.)
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7 φυγη
дор. φῠγά ἥ тж. pl.1) бегствоἐς φυγέν τραπέσθαι Her., ὁρμᾶσθαι Eur. или ὁρμᾶν Xen. — обратиться в бегство;
ἰσχυρὰν τέν φυγέν τοῖς πολεμίοις ποιεῖν Xen. — заставить врагов поспешно отступать;φυγᾷ πόδα νωμᾶν Soph. и φυγῇ φεύγειν Plat., Luc. (ср. 6) — бежать;2) избегание, уклонение(γάμου Aesch.; λέκτρων Eur.)
3) способ избежатьνόσων φυγαί Soph. — средства от болезней
4) причина бегстваλῦπαι, ἀγαθῶν φυγαί Plat. — печали, гонители благ
5) убежище Diod.6) изгнание(ἐκ πόλεως Aesch.; χθονός Eur.)
φυγέν δικάζειν τινί Aesch. и φυγέν καταδικάζειν τινός Luc. — приговаривать кого-л. к изгнанию (к ссылке);φυγέν ἐπιβάλλειν τινί Her. — подвергать кого-л. изгнанию;φυγῆς (sc. δίκην) τιμᾶσθαι Plat. — предлагать для себя кару изгнания7) изгнанник Plat., Plut.8) собир. изгнанники Aesch., Thuc. -
8 δεκαπλάσιος
A tenfold, Hp.VM16 ;δ. τὸ ἔκτεισμα τοῦ ἀδικήματος ἐκτίνειν Pl.R. 615b
: c. gen., ten times greater than, Plb.21.22.15; τὴν δεκαπλασίαν (sc. τιμήν) καταδικάζειν mulct in ten times the amount, Lexap.D.24.105 (dub.); δ. ὑφῃρῆσθαι rob the state of a tenfold penalty, D.24.82. Adv. [suff] δεκᾰ-ως Hp.VM6.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δεκαπλάσιος
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9 διπλάσιος
A twofold, double, Hdt.4.68, etc.: never in Trag. ( δίκρουν is prob. in A.Fr. 152): freq. as [comp] Comp. folld. by ἤ .. Hdt.6.57, Th.1.10, etc.; also διπλήσιον ἢ ὅσον .. Hdt. 7.23: or c. gen., twice the size of, Id.6.133;δ. ἐγίνετο αὐτὸς ἑωυτοῦ Id.8.137
;διπλάσια τῶν ἄλλων D.18.238
;δ. τῆς ἀληθείας Philem.160
; διπλασίοις ἐλάττω (sc. τὰ χρήματα) D.27.52.2 Subst. διπλήσιον, τό, as much again, Hdt.7.103: as Adv.,διπλάσιον σπεύδουσι Thgn. 229
.4 Adv.- ως Th.8.1
, Men.645;δ. ἄμεινον Aeschin.2.122
, AP7.611 (Eutolm.).Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > διπλάσιος
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10 ἔξειον
ἔξειον· ἐπιζήμιον τὸ καταδικάζειν τοῖς ἑκουσίοις, οἱ δὲ ἀπόλυσιν ἐγκλήματος, Hsch. -
11 ἐρῆμος
ἐρῆμος, einsam, gew. entblößt von angenehmen Dingen, deren Verlust empfindlich ist; vom Lande: wüst, unbebaut; πνύξ, menschenleer; ποιοῠντες ἀνδρῶν κακῶν ἔρημον τὴν πόλιν, leer von schlechten Menschen; ἡ ἔρημος, sc. χώρα, die Einöde, Wüste, ein von Menschen verlassener Ort; von Menschen: einsam, verlassen, hilflos, μονάδα δὲ Εέρξην ἔρημόν φασιν οὐ πολλῶν μέτα μολεῖν; ἔρημον πάντων τῶν συγγενῶν, von allen Verwandten verlassen, ohne alle Verwandte; ναῠς ἔρημος ἀνδρῶν μὴ ξυνοικούντων ἔσω, entblößt von Männern; στέγαι φίλων ἔρημαι, leer von Freunden. Κορινϑίων ἔρημοι ἐς τοῠτον τὸν πόλεμον καϑέσταμεν, ohne die Korinther. Bes. ἡ ἐρήμη, ein Contumazialbescheid, wodurch die im Termin ausbleibende Partei verurteilt wurde; ἐρήμην κατηγορεῖν, einen Abwesenden anklagen; ἤλπιζε ἀποφεύξεσϑαι τὴν γραφήν · οὔτε γὰρ ἐπεξιέναι οὐδένα, ἀλλ' ἐρήμην αὐτὴν ἔσεσϑαι, wenn eben kein Ankläger auftritt; ἐρήμην ὄφλειν τὴν δίκην, ein Contumazialurteil verwirkt haben, in contumaciam verurteilt werden; δίκην εἷλον ἐρήμην, einen solchen Prozess gewinnen, bewirken, daß einer in contumaciam verurteilt wird; ἐρήμην καταδιαιτᾶν, καταδικάζειν τινός, j-n in contumaciam verurteilen; ἔρημον ἀφεικέναι τὸν ἀγῶνα, sich dem Kampfe entziehen, sich nicht stellen -
12 δικαιόω
δικαιόω fut. δικαιώσω; 1 aor. ἐδικαίωσα. Pass.: 1 fut. δικαιωθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐδικαιώθην, subj. δικαιωθῶ, ptc. δικαιωθείς; pf. δεδικαίωμαι Ro 6:7; 1 Cor 4:4; ptc. δεδικαιωμένος Lk 18:14 (Soph., Hdt.; Aristot., EN 1136a; et al.; pap, LXX; En 102:10; TestAbr A 13 p. 93, 14 [Stone p. 34]; Test12Patr; ApcSed, 14:8 p. 136, 15 Ja.; Jos., Ant. 17, 206; Just.; Ath., R. 53, 1; 65, 14) to practice δικαιοσύνη.① to take up a legal cause, show justice, do justice, take up a cause τινά (Polyb. 3, 31, 9 ὑμᾶς δὲ αὐτοὺς … δικαιώσεσθε ‘you will (find it necessary to) take up your own cause’ = you will sit in judgment on yourselves; Cass. Dio 48, 46 ‘Antony was not taking Caesar’s side’ in the matter; 2 Km 15:4; Ps 81:3) δικαιῶσαι δίκαιον take up the cause of an upright pers. 1 Cl 16:12 (Is 53:11); τινί χήρᾳ (χήραν v.l.) 8:4 (Is 1:17 ‘take up the cause of the widow’).② to render a favorable verdict, vindicate.ⓐ as activity of humans justify, vindicate, treat as just (Appian, Liby. 17 §70; Gen 44:16; Sir 10:29; 13:22; 23:11 al.) θέλων δ. ἑαυτόν wishing to justify himself Lk 10:29; δ. ἑαυτὸν ἐνώπιόν τινος j. oneself before someone=‘you try to make out a good case for yourselves before the public’ 16:15 (δ. ἐαυτόν as En 102:10; but s. JJeremias, ZNW 38, ’39, 117f [against him SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 1ff]). ὁ δικαιούμενός μοι the one who vindicates himself before (or against) me B 6:1 (cp. Is 50:8). τελῶναι ἐδικαίωσαν τὸν θεόν βαπτισθέντες tax-collectors affirmed God’s uprightness and got baptized i.e. by ruling in God’s favor they admitted that they were in the wrong and took a new direction (opp. τὴν βουλὴν τ. θεοῦ ἀθετεῖν) Lk 7:29 (cp. PsSol 2:15; 3:5; 8:7, 23; 9:2).ⓑ of experience or activity of transcendent figures, esp. in relation to humansα. of wisdom ἐδικαιώθη ἀπὸ τῶν τέκνων αὐτῆς is vindicated by her children (on δικ. ἀπό cp. Is 45:25. S. also Appian, Basil. 8: δικαιόω=consider someth. just or correct) Lk 7:35; also ἀπὸ τῶν ἔργων αὐτῆς Mt 11:19 (v.l. τέκνων). On this saying s. DVölter, NThT 8, 1919, 22–42; JBover, Biblica 6, 1925, 323–25; 463–65; M-JLagrange, ibid. 461–63. Of an angel Hm 5, 1, 7.β. of God be found in the right, be free of charges (cp. TestAbr A 13 p. 93, 14 [Stone p. 34] ‘be vindicated’ in a trial by fire) Mt 12:37 (opp. καταδικάζειν). δεδικαιωμένος Lk 18:14; GJs 5:1; δεδικαιωμένη (Salome) 20:4 (not pap). Ac 13:39 (but s. 3 below); Rv 22:11 v.l; Dg 5:14.—Paul, who has influenced later wr. (cp. Iren. 3, 18, 7 [Harv. II 102, 2f]), uses the word almost exclusively of God’s judgment. As affirmative verdict Ro 2:13. Esp. of pers. δικαιοῦσθαι be acquitted, be pronounced and treated as righteous and thereby become δίκαιος, receive the divine gift of δικαιοσύνη through faith in Christ Jesus and apart from νόμος as a basis for evaluation (MSeifrid, Justification by Faith—The Origin and Development of a Central Pauline Theme ’92) 3:20 (Ps 142:2), 24, 28; 4:2; 5:1, 9; 1 Cor 4:4; Gal 2:16f (Ps 142:2); 3:11, 24; 5:4; Tit 3:7; Phil 3:12 v.l.; B 4:10; 15:7; IPhld 8:2; Dg 9:4; (w. ἁγιάζεσθαι) Hv 3, 9, 1. οὐ παρὰ τοῦτο δεδικαίωμαι I am not justified by this (after 1 Cor 4:4) IRo 5:1. ἵνα δικαιωθῇ σου ἡ σάρξ that your flesh (as the sinful part) may be acquitted Hs 5, 7, 1; δ. ἔργοις by (on the basis of) works, by what one does 1 Cl 30:3; cp. Js 2:21, 24f (ἔργον 1a and πίστις 2dδ); διʼ ἐαυτῶν δ. by oneself=as a result of one’s own accomplishments 1 Cl 32:4. (cp. κατὰ νόμον Hippol., Ref. 7, 34, 1).—Since Paul views God’s justifying action in close connection with the power of Christ’s resurrection, there is sometimes no clear distinction between the justifying action of acquittal and the gift of new life through the Holy Spirit as God’s activity in promoting uprightness in believers. Passages of this nature include Ro 3:26, 30; 4:5 (on δικαιοῦν τὸν ἀσεβῆ cp. the warning against accepting δῶρα to arrange acquittal Ex 23:7 and Is 5:23; δικαιούμενοι δωρεάν Ro 3:24 is therefore all the more pointed); 8:30, 33 (Is 50:8); Gal 3:8; Dg 9:5. For the view (held since Chrysostom) that δ. in these and other pass. means ‘make upright’ s. Goodsp., Probs. 143–46, JBL 73, ’54, 86–91.③ to cause someone to be released from personal or institutional claims that are no longer to be considered pertinent or valid, make free/pure (the act. Ps 72:13) in our lit. pass. δικαιοῦμαι be set free, made pure ἀπό from (Sir 26:29; TestSim 6:1, both δικ. ἀπὸ [τῆς] ἁμαρτίας) ἀπὸ πάντων ὧν οὐκ ἠδυνήθητε ἐν νόμω Μωϋσέως δικαιωθῆναι from everything fr. which you could not be freed by the law of Moses Ac 13:38; cp. vs. 39. ὁ ἀποθανὼν δεδικαίωται ἀπὸ τ. ἁμαρτίας the one who died is freed fr. sin Ro 6:7 (s. KKuhn, ZNW 30, ’31, 305–10; EKlaar, ibid. 59, ’68, 131–34). In the context of 1 Cor 6:11 ἐδικαιώθητε means you have become pure.—In the language of the mystery religions (Rtzst., Mysterienrel.3 258ff) δικαιοῦσθαι refers to a radical inner change which the initiate experiences (Herm. Wr. 13, 9 χωρὶς γὰρ κρίσεως ἰδὲ πῶς τὴν ἀδικίαν ἐξήλασεν. ἐδικαιώθημεν, ὦ τέκνον, ἀδικίας ἀπούσης) and approaches the sense ‘become deified’. Some are inclined to find in 1 Ti 3:16 a similar use; but see under 4.④ to demonstrate to be morally right, prove to be right, pass. of God is proved to be right Ro 3:4; 1 Cl 18:4 (both Ps 50:6). Of Christ 1 Ti 3:16.—Lit. s. on δικαιοσύνη 3c.—HRosman, Iustificare (δικαιοῦν) est verbum causativum: Verbum Domini 21, ’41, 144–47; NWatson, Δικ. in the LXX, JBL 79, ’60, 255–66; CCosgrove, JBL 106, ’87, 653–70.—DELG s.v. δίκη. M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. -
13 κρίνω
κρίνω (s. κρίμα; Hom.+) fut. κρινῶ; 1 aor. ἔκρινα; pf. κέκρικα; plpf. 3 sg. κεκρίκει (on the lack of augment s. B-D-F §66, 1; W-S. §12, 4; Mlt-H. 190; ἐκεκρίκει Just., D. 102, 2). Pass.: impf. ἐκρινόμην; 1 fut. κριθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐκρίθην; pf. κέκριμαι. Primary mng.: ‘to set apart so as to distinguish, separate’, then by transference① to make a selection, select, prefer (Aeschyl., Suppl. 39 τὶ; Pla., Rep. 3, 399e κρίνειν τινὰ πρό τινος ‘prefer someone to someone’, cp. Phlb. 57e; Himerius, Or. 40 [=Or. 6], 3 κ. τί τινι=select someth. because of someth. [a place because of its size]; κ. τὸ πρακτέον καὶ μὴ πρακτέον Did., Gen. 27, 3) ὸ̔ς μὲν γὰρ κρίνει ἡμέραν παρʼ ἡμέραν the one prefers one day to another Ro 14:5a. In the other half of the sentence ὸ̔ς δὲ κρίνει πᾶσαν ἡμέραν, κ. prob. has the sense recognize, approve (X., Hell. 1, 7, 34 ἔκριναν τὴν τῆς βουλῆς γνώμην) the other holds every day in esteem vs. 5b. Closely associated is mng.② to pass judgment upon (and thereby seek to influence) the lives and actions of other peopleⓐ judge, pass judgment upon, express an opinion about Mt 7:1a, 2a; Lk 6:37a; 1 Cl 13:2; Pol 2:3 (Sextus 183 ὁ κρίνων ἄνθρωπον κρίνεται ὑπὸ τ. θεοῦ). κ. δικαίως D 4:3; B 19:11. κ. κατʼ ὄψιν by the outward appearance J 7:24a. κατὰ τὴν σάρκα 8:15. τὴν δικαίαν κρίσιν κ. pass a right judgment 7:24b (on the expr. cp. Dt 16:18). This is perh. the place for 1 Pt 4:6 ἵνα κριθῶσιν κατὰ ἀνθρ. (s. ESelwyn, comm. ad loc. ref. to Lghtf.; cp. Wsd 3:4).ⓑ esp. pass an unfavorable judgment upon, criticize, find fault with, condemn (Epict. 2, 21, 11) Ro 2:1abc, 3; 14:3f, 10, 13a (a play on words, w. κρίνειν used in two different mngs. in the same vs.; s. 4 below on vs. 13b); Col 2:16; Js 4:11, 12; D 11:12. μή τι κρίνετε do not pronounce judgment on anything 1 Cor 4:5. ἱνατί γὰρ ἡ ἐλευθερία μου κρίνεται ὑπὸ ἄλλης συνειδήσεως; why is my freedom (of action) to be unfavorably judged by another person’s scruples? 1 Cor 10:29. μακάριος ὁ μὴ κρίνων ἑαυτόν happy is the one who finds no fault w. himself Ro 14:22.—Also of a human judgment directed against God ὅπως ἂν νικήσεις ἐν τῷ κρίνεσθαί σε that you may win when you are judged Ro 3:4 (OMichel in KEK prefers active sense); 1 Cl 18:4 (both Ps 50:6).③ to make a judgment based on taking various factors into account, judge, think, consider, look upon w. double acc. of the obj. and the predicate (Soph., Oed. R. 34; Pla., Rep. 9, 578b and s. Cebes 39, 4; 3 Macc 2:33; Just., D. 112, 1) οὐκ ἀξίους κρίνετε ἑαυτούς you do not consider yourselves worthy Ac 13:46 (Jos., Ant. 6, 159 ὸ̔ν αὐτὸς τ. βασιλείας ἄξιον ἔκρινεν; EpArist 98); cp. PtK 3 p. 15, 17. τὰ ὑστερήματα αὐτῶν ἴδια ἐκρίνετε you considered their shortcomings as your own 1 Cl 2:6. Pass. (Thu. 2, 40, 3; Jos., Ant. 4, 193) τί ἄπιστον κρίνεται παρʼ ὑμῖν; why do you think it is incredible? Ac 26:8 (Jos., Ant. 18, 76 ἄπιστα αὐτὰ κρίνειν).—Foll. by acc. w. inf. (Pla., Gorg., 452c, Rep. 9, 578b; X., An. 1, 9, 5; 28) κεκρίκατέ με πιστὴν … εἶναι Ac 16:15.—W. inf. foll. κρίνω μὴ παρενοχλεῖν τοῖς κτλ. 15:19.—Foll. by τοῦτο ὅτι 2 Cor 5:14.—W. direct quest. foll. ἐν ὑμῖν αὐτοῖς κρίνατε judge, decide for yourselves 1 Cor 11:13.—W. indirect quest. foll. (Thu. 4, 130, 7 κρίναντες ἐν σφίσιν αὐτοῖς, εἰ … ; X., Cyr. 4, 1, 5) εἰ δίκαιόν ἐστιν, ὑμῶν ἀκούειν μᾶλλον ἢ τοῦ θεοῦ, κρίνατε decide whether it is right to obey you rather than God Ac 4:19.—κρίνατε ὑμεῖς ὅ φημι pass your own judgment on what I say 1 Cor 10:15.—ὀρθῶς ἔκρινας you have judged rightly Lk 7:43.④ to come to a conclusion after a cognitive process, reach a decision, decide, propose, intend (Isocr. 4, 46; Polyb. 3, 6, 7; 5, 52, 6; 9, 13, 7; Epict. 2, 15, 7; Appian, Bell. Civ. 14, 118 §497 ὅταν οἱ θεοὶ κρίνωσιν; LXX) τί οὖν θέλετε, κρίνατε (restored) so decide now what you wish (to be done); w. inf. (Diod S 4, 33, 10; 17, 95, 1; UPZ 42, 37 [162 B.C.]; PTebt 55, 4 [II B.C.] ἔκρινα γράψαι; PLond III, 897, 11 p. 207 [84 A.D.]; 1 Macc 11:33; 3 Macc 1:6; Jdth 11:13; Wsd 8:9; Jos., Ant.7, 33; 12, 403; 13, 188; Did., Gen. 179, 7) Ac 3:13; 20:16; 25:25; 1 Cor 2:2; 5:3; Tit 3:12. W. τοῦ and inf. (B-D-F §397, 2) ἐκρίθη τοῦ ἀποπλεῖν ἡμᾶς Ac 27:1. ἐπεὶ ἤδη σεαυτῷ κέκρικας τοῦ μὴ δύνασθαι τὰς ἐντολὰς ταύτας ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπου φυλαχθῆναι since you have already decided in your own mind that these commandments cannot be kept by anyone Hm 12, 3, 6.—W. acc. and inf. (2 Macc 11:25, 36; 3 Macc 6:30; TestSol 10:8; SibOr 3, 127; Just., D. 102, 2) Ac 21:25 (even in the substantially different rdgs.). τοῦτο κέκρικεν …, τηρεῖν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ παρθένον he has determined this, namely to keep his fiancée (pure and undefiled) 1 Cor 7:37 (s. s.v. γαμίζω 2; Diod S 4, 73, 2 of a father: κρίναι ταύτην [i.e. his daughter] παρθένον διαφυλάττειν). τοῦτο κρίνατε μᾶλλον, τὸ μὴ τιθέναι πρόσκομμα but rather decide this, (namely) to give no offense Ro 14:13b. ἔκρινα ἐμαυτῷ τοῦτο, τὸ … ἐλθεῖν 2 Cor 2:1. τὰ δόγματα τὰ κεκριμένα ὑπὸ τ. ἀποστόλων Ac 16:4 (cp. Polyb. 5, 52, 6 πράξας τὸ κριθέν; Epict. 2, 15, 7 τοῖς κριθεῖσιν ἐμμένειν δεῖ).⑤ to engage in a judicial process, judge, decide, hale before a court, condemn, also hand over for judicial punishment, freq. as a legal t.t. (in a forensic sense Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX).ⓐ of a human courtα. act. and pass. abs. Ac 13:27. W. adv. GPt 3:7. κ. τινά: κατὰ τὸν νόμον J 18:31; Ac 23:3; 24:6 v.l. οὐδὲ ἐγὼ κρίνω ὑμᾶς GJs 16:3. Of the right of the apostle and the church to judge believers 1 Cor 5:12ab. μὴ ὁ νόμος ἡμῶν κρίνει τὸν ἄνθρωπον; does our law (personified) judge a person? J 7:51 (Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 50 §205 certain senators desire that before Mark Antony is declared a public enemy he should be brought to trial, ὡς οὐ πάτριον σφίσιν ἀκρίτου καταδικάζειν ‘on the ground that it was not their ancestral custom to condemn someone without a hearing’). ἐκ τ. στόματός σου κρινῶ σε I will punish you on the basis of your own statement Lk 19:22. Pass. Ac 25:10. κρίνεσθαι ἐπί τινι be on trial because of a thing 26:6 (Appian, Basil. 12 κρινόμενος ἐπὶ τῷδε=be brought to trial because of this thing; likew. Iber. 55 §233; Ath. 2, 3; of God ApcrEzk Fgm. d). Also περί τινος (Diod S 12, 30, 5) 23:6; 25:20; w. addition of ἐπί w. gen. of the court of judicature before someone (schol. on Hes., Op. 9) 24:21; 25:9; D 11:11.—τί δὲ καὶ ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν οὐ κρίνετε τὸ δίκαιον; Lk 12:57, which leads over into the sphere of jurisprudence (vs. 58), means: why cannot you yourselves decide what is right? (cp. the prayer for vengeance fr. Amorgos [BCH 25, 1901 p. 416; Dssm., LO 94=LAE 118] ἐπάκουσον, θεά, καὶ κρῖναι τὸ δίκαιον; cp. Appian, Mithrid. 89 §403 κρίνειν τὴν μάχην=decide the battle; Just., A II, 15, 5).β. mid. and pass.: ‘dispute, quarrel, debate’, also go to law (so Thu. 4, 122, 4 δίκῃ κρίνεσθαι; Hos 2:4 al. in LXX; TestSol 4:4ff D; Mel., P. 101, 773) τινί with someone (Job 9:3; 13:19) Mt 5:40; B 6:1 (Is 50:8); μετά τινος (Vi. Aesopi W 76 κριθῆναί με μετὰ τῆς κυρίας μου ἐπὶ σοί=I am pleading my case with my mistress before you; Eccl 6:10) 1 Cor 6:6. ἐπί τινος before someone (as judge) vs. 1 (on the beginning of 1 Cor 6 cp. the decree of Alexander to the Greeks in Ps.-Callisth. 2, 21, 21: βούλομαι δὲ μὴ ἐν ἑαυτοῖς κρίνειν ὅσον τις ὑμῶν ἔχει πρὸς ἕτερον, οὐδὲ ἐφʼ οὗ βούλεσθε=it is my wish [will] that you are not to go to law among yourselves, no matter what any of you may have against another, nor before anyone you wish).ⓑ of the divine tribunalα. occupied by God or Christ: abs. administer justice, judge J 5:30; 8:16, 50; cp. vs. 26; Rv 6:10; B 5:7. Pass. be judged Mt 7:1b, 2b; Lk 6:37b; Rv 11:18.—W. acc. foll. (PGM 4, 1013 of Horus ὁ κρίνων τὰ πάντα) J 5:22; 8:15b. τοὺς ἔξω 1 Cor 5:13. ζῶντας καὶ νεκρούς judge the living and the dead 2 Ti 4:1; 1 Pt 4:5; B 7:2. τὰ κρυπτὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων Ro 2:16. τὸν κόσμον B 4:12 (TestAbr A 13 p. 92, 10 [Stone p. 32]; ApcEsdr 3:3 p. 27, 8 Tdf.). τὴν οἰκουμένην Ac 17:31; AcPl Ha 9, 29. κ. κατὰ τὸ ἑκάστου ἔργον judge each one by what that person does 1 Pt 1:17; cp. Rv 20:13. ἐκρίθησαν οἱ νεκροὶ ἐκ τῶν γεγραμμένων ἐν τοῖς βιβλίοις κατὰ τὰ ἔργα αὐτῶν the dead were judged by what was written in the books (of life and of death), in accordance w. their deeds vs. 12; δικαίως κ. judge uprightly (Sotades [280 B.C.] Fgm. 11, 2 Diehl2 II 6 p. 191 [in Stob. 4, 34, 8 vol. V p. 826, 5=Coll. Alex. p. 243] ὁ παντογενὴς … οὐ κρίνει δικαίως) 1 Pt 2:23; B 19:11. Also ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ Rv 19:11. διὰ νόμου κρίνεσθαι be judged on the basis of the law Js 2:12.—Oft. the emphasis is unmistakably laid upon that which follows the Divine Judge’s verdict, upon the condemnation or punishment: condemn, punish (opp. σῴζειν as TestJud 24:6; Mel., P. 104, 810; cp. ApcEsdr 1, 11 p. 25, 3 Tdf. ἐμὲ κρῖνον ὑπὲρ τῶν ψυχῶν τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν) J 3:17; cp. 18ab; 12:47ab, 48a; cp. 48b; Ac 7:7 (Gen 15:14); Dg 7:5f (opp. ἀγαπᾶν). διὰ νόμου κ. punish on the basis of the law Ro 2:12.—3:6f; 1 Cor 11:31f (here of the temporal punishment which God brings upon sinners); 2 Th 2:12; Hb 10:30 (κρινεῖ κύριος τὸν λαὸν αὐτοῦ the Lord will judge = punish his people is derived fr. Dt 32:36=Ps 134:14, where the judgment of God is spoken of, resulting in the vindication of the innocent [the thought prominent in the two OT pass.] and the punishment of the guilty [the thought prominent in the Hb pass.]); 13:4; Js 5:9; for 1 Pt 4:6 s. 2a above; Rv 18:8; 19:2; B 15:5.—W. the punishment given κ. διὰ πυρός 1 Cl 11:1; διὰ τῶν μαστίγων 17:5. κεκριμένοι ἤδη τῷ θανάτῳ already condemned to death B 10:5. Also εἰς θάνατον condemned to death Hs 9, 18, 2. οἱ κρινόμενοι ἀσεβεῖς the godless, who are condemned 2 Cl 18:1. Of the devil ὁ ἄρχων τοῦ κόσμου τούτου κέκριται J 16:11.—ταῦτα ἔκρινας you have imposed these punishments Rv 16:5.—On κρίνειν τὸ κρίμα 18:20 s. κρίμα 4.β. occupied by those who have been divinely commissioned to judge: the 12 apostles judge the 12 tribes Mt 19:28; Lk 22:30 (PBatiffol, RB n.s. 9, 1912, 541–43. But here κ. could have the broader sense rule; cp. 4 Km 15:5; Ps 2:10; 1 Macc 9:73; PsSol 17:29). κρινεῖ ἡ ἐκ φύσεως ἀκροβυστία … σέ the one who is physically uncircumcised will sit in judgment upon you Ro 2:27. οἱ ἅγιοι as judges of the cosmos 1 Cor 6:2ab (κρίνεσθαι ἐν: Diod S 19, 51, 4.—On the saints as co-rulers with God cp. Epict., Ench. 15; Sallust. 21 p. 36, 14) as well as of the angels vs. 3 (cp. Da 7:22).⑥ to ensure justice for someone, see to it that justice is done (LXX) τινί to someone 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17).—B. 1428. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW.
См. также в других словарях:
καταδικάζειν — καταδικάζω give judgement pres inf act (attic epic) καταδικάζω give judgement pres inf act (attic epic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
DIAETETAE — Graece Διαιτηταὶ, Lat. Arbitri, apud Athenienses erant, in quos litigatores de privatis contractibus, pro lubitu compromittebant: eorum sententiae standum erat, nec appellari poterat, vilegis: Ε῎ςται τὰκριθόντα, ὑπὸ τοῦ Διαιτητοῦ κύρια, Arbitri… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale