καρπόομαι

καρπόω,

A bear fruit or bear as fruit, metaph.,

ὕβρις γὰρ ἐξανθοῦσ' ἐκάρπωσε στάχυν ἄτης A.Pers. 821

:—[voice] Pass.,

τὰ πλεῖστα τῶν ῥιζοφύτων καρπωθέντα Ocell.1.13

.

2 offer by way of sacrifice, LXXLe.2.11; ἐπὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ, of burnt-offerings, SIG1025.33 (Cos, iv/iii B. C.):—so in [voice] Pass., ib.997.9 ([place name] Smyrna), cf. Hsch.

II take as fruit or produce, LXXDe.26.14:—elsewh. in [voice] Med., καρπόομαι get fruit for oneself, i.e.,

1 reap crops from, c. acc. rei, [ ἀρούρας] Hdt.2.168;

Χθόνα A.Pr. 851

, Supp. 253; δὶς τοῦ ἐνιαυτοῦ τὴν γῆν καρποῦσθαι to crop the land twice a year, Pl.Criti. 118e: metaph.,

βαθεῖαν ἄλοκα διὰ φρενὸς καρπούμενος A.Th. 593

: hence, exhaust, drain, exploit,

καρπουμένῳ τὴν Ἑλλάδα Ar.V. 520

, cf. Isoc.4.133,166;

οὐσίας D.19.249

.

2 enjoy the usufruct or interest of money,

ἔδωκεν ἑβδομήκοντα μνᾶς καρπώσασθαι Id.27.5

; τοὺς λιμένας καὶ τὰς ἀγορὰς καρποῦσθαι to derive profits from.., Id.1.22;

ἔθνη X.HG6.1.12

;

ἰδία κ. τὰς τῆς πόλεως συμφοράς Lys.25.25

; [ πλεονεξίαν] D.23.126: in [tense] pf. [voice] Pass., τὸ ἐργαστήριον κεκαρπωμένος having enjoyed the profits of the shop, Id.27.47: abs., make profit, Ar.Ach. 837.

3 enjoy the free use of,

τὰ αὐτοῦ ἀγαθὰ γιγνόμενα Th.2.38

; τὴν τῶν πολεμίων [ Χώραν], τὰς τῶν θεῶν τιμάς, X. Ages.1.34; τὴν οἰκείαν ἀδεῶς κ. D.1.25, cf. 28.

4 simply, enjoy,

ἄελπτον ὄμμα.. φήμης S.Tr. 204

;

τἀμὰ.. λέχη E.Andr. 935

;

ἐλευθερίαν Th.7.68

;

τὴν σοφίαν Pl.Euthd. 305e

;

ἡδονὴν ταύτην Id.Phdr. 252a

, cf. 240a, etc.;

ἀσφάλειαν καὶ εὔκλειαν X.Cyr.8.2.22

;

τὴν δόξαν τινός D.20.69

;

τὴν ἡλικίαν Id.59.19

;

δωρεάς Plu.Them.31

: in bad sense,

ἰδίας καρποῦσθαι λύπας Hp.Flat.1

;

φρενῶν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν A.Ag. 502

; τὰ ψευδῆ καλά ib. 621;

πένθη E.Hipp. 1427

;

ἄπαιδα κ. βίον Id.Fr.571.3

;

τὰ μέγιστα ὀνείδη Pl.Smp. 183a

;

λοιδορίας Phld.Vit. p.34J.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `fruit, fruits of the earth, corn, yields' (Il.).

Dialectal forms: Myc. ka-po

Compounds: several compp., e. g. καρπο-φόρος, ἄ-καρπος.

Derivatives: Diminut. καρπίον (Thphr., pap.); adjectives: κάρπιμος `giving fruit' (trag., com., hell.; cf. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 45 a. 47), καρπώδης `rich in fruits' (Rom. empire). Denomin. verbs: 1. καρπόομαι `reap fruits, exploit' (IA.), - όω `give, produce fruit' = `bring (burnt) sacrif.' (A., LXX) with κάρπωμα `fruit, sacrif.' and κάρπωσις `use, profit, sacrif.', καρπώσιμος (Hermipp. Hist.); cf. Bechtel Dial. 1, 449 a. 2, 550. 2. καρπίζομαι (- ίζω Paros; hell. inscr.) `reap fruits' (E., hell.), - ίζω `fertilize' (E. in lyr.); καρπισμός `yields ' (Arist., Thphr.). 3. καρπεύω, - εύομαι `reap fruits' (Hyp., hell.) with καρπεία `profit, income', καρπεῖον `id.', also = καρπός.

Origin: Sub. Eur.

Etymology: The nearest comparison gives Lat. carpō `pluck (off)'; so καρπός `plucking off, what is reaped'; on the unexpected oxytonesis s. Schwyzer 459. Here also the Germ. word for `autumn', e. g. OHG herbist (IE. * karpistos prop. "best to pluck", from the month?); also Venet. PN. Carponia, Carpus etc.?; cf. Haas Sprache 2, 235 with uncertain further combinations. As α in καρπός (as opposed to the a in carpō and e in herbist) can also represent vocalic r̥, one also adduces Lith. kerpù `cut with a scissors'. However, Gr. *r̥ would have given - ρα-. The connexion with κρώπιον is prob. wrong (s.v.; the word is Pre-Greek). Also Skt. kr̥pāṇa- `sword' will be unrelated. The words for `sickle' may be related. The French (DELG) posit an "a populaire", which means that the word is a loan, from a Eur. substratum? Cf. Pok 944 * (s)kerb(h)-. Further s. κρώπιον.

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