εἰρέθην

ἐρῶ, [dialect] Att. [tense] fut. of εἴρω (B), Th.6.9, A.Eu.45, Ar.Ra.61, etc., [dialect] Ion. and [dialect] Ep. [full] ἐρέω (later as [tense] pres., Nic. Th. 484, Ath.9.400a, Gal.15.878, al.) ; opt.

A

ἐροίην X.Cyr.3.1.14

, Lib.Or.1.87 : [tense] impf. ἤρεον (v.l. εἴρεον) Hp.Epid.2.2.9 : [tense] pf. [voice] Act.

εἴρηκα A.Pr. 821

, Ar.Ra. 558, etc.: [tense] plpf.

εἰρήκειν Plu.2.184d

:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf.

εἴρημαι Il.4.363

, Ar.Lys.13, etc. ; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3pl.

εἰρέαται Hdt.7.81

, [var] contr.

εἰρῆται Schwyzer811.17

(Oropus, iv B. C.) ; part. εἰρημένος, Cret.

ϝερημένος Supp.Epigr.2.509

, Arg.

ϝεϝρημένος Schwyzr 98

([place name] Mycenae): [tense] plpf.

εἴρητο Il.10.540

, Hdt.8.27, etc.: [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Pass.

ἐρρήθην Pl.Lg. 664d

, later

ἐρρέθην Arist.Cat. 11b12

, al. ; lon.

εἰρέθην Hdt.4.77

, 156 : [tense] fut.

ῥηθήσομαι Th.1.73

, Pl. R. 473e, Isoc.8.73, D.27.53 : more freq. εἰρήσομαι, mostly in [ per.] 3sg.

- ήσεται Il.23.795

, Pi.I.6(5).59, S.Ph. 1276, etc. ; part.

- όμενος Hp. Art.53

. —Hom. uses only [tense] fut. ἐρέω, [ per.] 3sg. [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf. [voice] Pass., with part. εἰρημένος, [tense] aor. part. ῥήθείς in the phrase ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίῳ (v. infr.), and [tense] fut. [voice] Pass. —The place of the [tense] pres. εἴρω (q. v.) is supplied by φημί, λέγω or ἀγορεύω ; εἶπον serves as [tense] aor. ( ϝερε- : ϝρη-, cf. ῥήτρα, ῥητός, Lat. verbum, Engl. word.)

I I will say or speak, c. acc. rei et dat. pers., Il.1.297 : abs., οὐδὲ πάλιν ἐρέει he will say nothing against it, 9.56 ; ἐν δ' ὑμῖν ἐρέω among you, ib. 528, cf. Od. 16.378 : freq. in [dialect] Att.,

ἐρεῖν τι πρός τινα Pl.R. 520a

([voice] Act.), 595b, Tht. 179a (both [voice] Pass.) ;

τι περί τινος Id.Phlb. 29d

, etc.: c. acc. pers., speak of,

κακῶς ἐρεῖν τινα Thgn.796

, E.Alc. 705 : and c. dupl. acc., ἐρεῖ δέ μ'..τάδε ib. 954, cf. Pl.Cri. 48a:—[voice] Pass.,

μῦθος..εἰρημένος ἔστω Il.8.524

;

εἰρημένα μυθολογεύειν Od.12.453

; λίαν εἰρημένος too true, A.Pr. 1031 ; ἐπὶ ῥηθέντι δικαίῳ after justice has been pronounced, Od.18.414 ; ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον εἰρήσθω περί τινος let this suffice, Arist.EN 1117b21.

II I will tell, proclaim,

ἔπος Il.1.419

, etc. ; Ἠὼς..Ζηνὶ φόως ἐρέουσα announce it, 2.49 ;

ἐρέω τιν' ὑμῖν αἶνον Archil.89.1

.

2 tell, order, c. dat. pers. et inf., X.HG3.2.6, etc.: c. acc. et inf., Id.Cyr.8.3.6:—[voice] Pass.,

εἴρητο συλλέγεσθαι τὸν στρατόν

orders had been given..,

Hdt.7.26

, etc.

III [voice] Pass., to be mentioned,

οὗτοι μὲν οἱ παραθαλάσσιοι.. εἰρέαται Id.4.181

, cf.Arist.Mu. 393b27.

2 to be specified, agreed, promised,

εἰρημένος μισθός Hes.Op. 370

, Hdt.6.23 ; εἰρημένον, abs., when it had been agreed, Th.1.140 ; κὰ (τ) τὰ ϝεϝρημένα Schwyzer l.c.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `say'.

Other forms: only 1. sg. pres. (Od.) and 3. sg. εἶρεν as aorist (B. 16, 20; 74), but εἴρετο (Α 513), - οντο (λ 342) rather `asked' (cf. Chantr. Gramn. hom. 1, 341 n. 3), εἴρεται (Arat.) for εἴρηται as sometimes hell. εἴρεκα for εἴρηκα (to ἐρρέθην), fut. ep. Ion. ἐρέω, Att. ἐρῶ, perf. med. εἴρηται (Il.; Arg. ϜεϜρημένος, Cret. Ϝερημένος), with fut. pass. ει᾽ρήσομαι (ep. Ion. Il.), perf. act. εἴρηκα (A., Ar.), aor. pass. ptc. ῥηθείς (Od.), εἰρέθην (Hdt.; rather with Lejeune Traité de phon. 136 after εἴρηται than with Schwyzer 654 from *ἐϜρέθην), Att. ἐρρήθην, hell. innovation ἐρρέθην, fut. ῥηθήσομαι (Att.) - As aorist εἶπον is used, as present φημί, λέγω, hell. also ἐρῶ (Schwyzer 784 n. 4) with ipf. ἤρεον ( εἴ-) `said' (Hp.).

Compounds: Often with prefix: προ-, προσ-, κατ-, also ἀν-, ἀπ-, δι-, ἐπ-, συν-, ὑπ-ερῶ etc.

Derivatives: Action nouns: ῥῆσις (Ion.-Att. φ 291), Arc. Ϝρῆσις `pronunciation, speech' (on the meaning Chantr. Form. 283, further Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 87f. w. n. 1), often to the prefixed verbs: ἀνά-, ἀπό-, διά-, ἐπί-, κατά-, παρά-, πρό-, πρόσ-ρησις (cf. Holt, s. index); ῥῆμα `statement, word, story', as grammatical terminus `verb' (Ion. Archil.), also ἀπό-, ἐπί-, πρό-, πρόσ-ρημα; ῥήτρα, -η (ξ 393, X., Dor.), El. Ϝράτρα *Schwyzer 679), Cypr. with dissim. Ϝρήτα (from where εὑϜρητάσατυ) `agreement, treaty, law, pronunciation' (Chantr. Form. 333), with ῥητρεύω `pronounce' (Lyc.); on τρᾱ-suffix cf. ῥητήρ, ῥήτωρ. - Agent nouns: ῥητήρ `speaker' (Ι 443), ῥήτωρ `speaker', esp. `orator' in state affairs (trag., Att.). - Verbal adj. ῥητός `agreed, settled' (Φ 445 \< *u̯rh₁-tos; cf. Ammann Μνήμης χάριν 1, 20), `pronounceable, what can be said, rational' (A., S.), often opposed to ἄρρητος (e. g. Hes. Op. 4), ἀπό-, ἐπί-, πρό-ρρητος; παρα-ρρητός `convincing' (Il.; to παρά-φημι, - ειπεῖν). - Adv. δια-ρρήδην `expressly' (h. Merc. etc.; Schwyzer-Debrunner 450), ἐπι-ρρήδην `open' (hell.), ῥήδην only A. D., EM (from δια-ρρ.). - Note the juridical and official meaning of many of the nouns (cf. the non-Greek cognates below); see Porzig Satzinhalte 265f., Fournier Les verbes "dire" 5ff., 94ff., 224ff.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1162] *u̯erh₁-, u̯r̥h₁- `speak (officially)'

Etymology: With exception of isolated (Ϝ)είρω (on the digamma Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 136), which is an innovation to (Ϝ)ερέ-[σ]ω after κτεν-έ[σ]ω: κτείνω (cf. also Hitt. u̯erii̯a- below; aoristic εἶρεν [B.] after κτεῖνεν?), all forms are from disyllabic (Ϝ)ερε- and (Ϝ)ρη-; the first in the future, the latter in the perfect ( Ϝέ-Ϝρη-μαι etc.; Schwyzer 649), the passive aorist and the verbal nouns. - Cf. Hitt. Jotpresent u̯erii̯a- `call, name, order' (= (Ϝ)είρω, s. above), with the particle for the direct speech - wa(r)- prop. `said (he)'; also the Russ. deverbat. vrú, vrátь `lie, talk rot' (\< *vьrǫ, * vьrati) has been connected. Of the nouns compare Av. urvāta- n. `pronouncement, order', (IE *u̯reh₁-to-?). With (unexplained) short vowel Av. urvata- n. = Skt. vratá- n. `id.', IE *u̯re\/ o-to- (?), Russ. etc. rotá `oath', IE. *u̯ro-tā (?); monosyllabic with old dh-enlargement Lat. verbum, Lith. var̃das `name', Goth. waúrd `word'. Very doubtful is (on a wrong place, after ἔραχος, given ἔρθει φθέγγεται H. (not to verbum, which would give *ἐρεθ-) - S. also εἴρων.

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