δαρθεῖν

δαρθάνω

sleep: aor inf act (attic epic doric)

δαρθάνω

sleep: aor inf act (attic epic doric)

καταδαρθάνω, [tense] aor. κατέδαρθον ([dialect] Att. inf. - δάρθειν acc. to Sch.Ar. Nu.38), [dialect] Ep. κατέδρᾰθον, subj.

A

καταδράθω Od.5.471

; part.

- δαρθόντα Ar.Pl. 300

(- δαρθέντα codd.): [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Pass. κατεδάρθην is found in later writers, as Philostr.VA2.36, and [ per.] 3pl.

κατέδαρθεν A.R.2.1227

: [tense] pf.

καταδεδάρθηκα Pl.Smp. 219c

:— fall asleep, mostly in [tense] aor., to be asleep,

ἐν θάμνοισι κατέδραθον Od.7.285

, cf. 23.18;

τὼ δ' ἐς δέμνια βάντε κατέδραθον 8.296

; καδδραθέτην, for κατεδραθέτην, 15.494;

εἰ δέ κεν.. καταδράθω 5.471

;

ἔασον.. καταδαρθεῖν τί με Ar.Nu.38

;

ὁ μακαρίτης οἴχεται, κατέδαρθεν Ar.Fr.488.11

, cf. Hp.Epid.5.37, X.Ages. 9.3: in [tense] pres., to be falling asleep, opp. ἀνεγείρεσθαι (to be waking), Pl.Phd. 71d, 72b.

2 pass the night,

κατέδαρθον ἐν Θησείῳ ἐν ὅπλοις Th.6.61

: so in [tense] pf., Pl.Smp.l.c.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `fall asleep'.

Other forms: the simplex in present only Hierocl. In CA; aor. ἔδραθον υ 143; mostly κατα-δαρθάνω (Pl., s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 476), also ἐγκατα-, ἐπικατα-, συγκατα-, and ἀπο-, παρα-, aor. - δραθεῖν (Od.), - δαρθεῖν, perf. - δεδάρθηκα (Att.), later aor. - δαρθῆναι (s. Schwyzer 759 n.. 3). Mostly in aorist (pres. [καθ-]εύδω).

Derivatives: No deriv.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [226] *der-? `sleep'

Etymology: Resembles Skt. drā́-ti `sleep', Lat. dormiō `id.', ORuss. Csl. drěmati `slumber' (from * derm-). The θ can be a secondary formant, cf. Benveniste Origines 191, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 329.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `sleep' (Il.).

Other forms: the simplex has only a present-stem exc. fut. εὑδήσω (A. Ag. 337)

Compounds: With prefix ἐν-, συν-, esp. καθ-εύδω (Il.), ipf. καθ-εῦδον, - ηῦδον, Att. also ἐ-κάθευδον, fut. καθ-ευδήσω (Att.), rare aor. καθ-ευδῆσαι (Ion.); with ἐν-, ἐπι-, παρα-, συγ- καθεύδω etc. As aorist we find ( κατα-)δαρθεῖν, (-) δραθεῖν; Schwyzer-Debrunner 258, Schulze KZ 40, 120 = Kl. Schr. 443; s. δαρθάνω.

Derivatives: None.

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Several - unconvincing - suggestions. To Goth. sutis `quiet, calm' (Wood ClassPhil. 9, 148f., Thurneysen IF 39, 189f. [with diff. analysis], Mayrhofer KZ 71,74f.), further with Lat. sūdus `soft' (Mayrhofer KZ 73, 116f.); from IE * seu-d- beside *su̯-ep- in Skt. svapiti `sleeps' etc. (Benveniste Origines 1, 156f.; cf. on ὕπνος); to Lith. snáudžiu, snáusti `be sleepy' (Otrębski KZ 66, 247ff.); to OE swodrian `sleep fest' (Grošelj Živa Ant. 7, 42). On the difficulties Schwyzer 648 n. 1.

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Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to slide, to slip, to glide' (Att.).

Other forms: - αίνω (Arist., hell.), aor. ὀλισθ-εῖν (Il.), - ῆσαι (Hp., hell.), - ῆναι (Nic.), 2. sg. ὤλισθας (epigr. I^a--I^p), fut. ὀλισθήσω (hell.), perf. ὠλίσθηκα (Hp.).

Compounds: Often with prefix, e.g. ἀπ-, δι-, ἐξ-, κατ-, ὑπ-.

Derivatives: 1. Verbal subst.: ὀλίσθ-ημα n. `fall, sprain' (Hp., Pl.), - ησις (also ἀπ-, κατ-, περι-) f. `slipping, spraining' (medic., Plu.); on the meaning-difference between ὀλίσθ-ημα and - ησις Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 138; backformation ὄλισθος m. `lubricity' (Hp., hell.), also name of a slippery fish (Opp.; Strömberg Fischnamen 28). 2. Verbal adj.: ὀλισθ-ηρός `slippery,' (Pi., IA), - ήεις `id.' (AP; poet. formation cf. Schwyzer 527), - ανωτέρα `id.' (nom. f. sg.; Gal,; rather from ὀλισθάνω than with Thumb IF 14, 346 f. from ὄλισθος), ὀλισθός `id.' (Hdn. Gr. 1, 147; prob. first to ὄλισθος w. accentshift), - ητικός `making slippery' (Hp.). -- On its own stands ὀλισθράζω = ὀλισθάνω (Epich., Hp. ap. Gal. 19, 126) as if from *ὄλισθρος, cf. ὀλιβ(ρ)άξαι from ὀλιβρός (s.v.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [960] * s(h₃)lidʰ- `glide'

Etymology: The themat. root-aorist ὀλισθεῖν, from which all other forms derive, direct or indirectly, and whose function as aorist was perh. connected with the rise of the present in - άνω (to which later - αίνω; Schwyzer 748 with Brugmann Grundr.² II: 3, 365), recalls - δαρθεῖν (: δαρ-θάνω), αἰσθέσθαι (: αἰσθάνομαι) and can like this contain an enlarging IE dh-element with Gr. σθ from dh-dh. As source of σθ however, also IE dh-t can be considered, with βλαστεῖν (: βλαστάνω), ἁμαρτεῖν (: ἁμαρτάνω) as parallel (Schwyzer 703f.). -- Orig.. *ὀλιθ-, with prothet. ὀ- can well be sompared with a verb for `glide, shove' in Germ. and Balt., e.g. OE slīdan (NEngl. slide), MHG slīten, Lith. slýs-ti, pret. slýd-au (with second. y beside slidùs `smooth, slippery'). Here further isolated nouns in Slav. and Celt.: OCS slědъ, Russ. sled m. `trace' (IE * sloidh-o-), NIr. slaod `gliding mass' (formation unclear). Also the not certainly interpreted Skt. srédhati about `stumble, make a mistake' may belong here. When we analyse as sli-dh- (cf. Benveniste Origines 192) also ὀλιβρόν etc. may be connected, s. v. Furher forms w. lit. in WP. 2, 707f., Pok. 960f., Vasmer s. sled, Fraenkel s. slidùs. S. also 1. λοῖσθος.

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