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1 while
بَيْنَما \ as: while; when: He hit me as I went past. whereas: but: They are looking for a house, whereas we would rather live in a flat. while: during the time that: I met him while I was in London. I read the paper while I waited for him. -
2 The Lusiads
Portugal's national epic poem of the Age of Discoveries, written by the nation's most celebrated poet, Luís de Camões. Published in 1572, toward the end of the adventurous life of Camões, Os Lusíadas is the most famous and most often-quoted piece of literature in Portugal. Modeled in part on the style and format of Virgil's Aeneid, Os Lusíadas is the story of Portugal's long history, and features an evocation of the Portuguese navigator Vasco da Gama's epic discovery of the sea route from Portugal to Asia. Part of the epic poem was composed when Camões was in royal service in Portugal's Asian empire, including in Goa and Macau. While the dramatic framework is dominated by various deities from classical literature, much of what is described in Portugal, Africa, and Asia is real and accurately rendered by the classically educated (at Coimbra University) Camões, who witnessed both the apogee and the beginning of decline of Portugal's seaborne empire and world power.While the poet praises imperial power and greatness, Camões features a prescient naysayer: "The Old Man of Restelo," on the beach where Vasco da Gama is about to embark for Indian adventures, criticizes Portuguese expansion beyond Africa to Asia. Camões was questioning the high price of an Asian empire, and gave voice to those anti-imperialists and "Doubting Thomases" in the country who opposed more overseas expansion beyond Africa. It is interesting to note that in the Portuguese language usage and tradition since the establishment of The Lusiads as a national poem, "The Old Man of Restelo" ("O Velho do Restelo") came to symbolize not a wise Cassandra with timely warnings that Portugal would be fatally weakened by empire and might fall prey to neighboring Spain, but merely a Doubting Thomas in popular sentiment. The Lusiads soon became universally celebrated and accepted, and it has been translated into many languages. In the history of criticism in Portugal, more has been written about Camões and The Lusiads than about any other author or work in Portuguese literature, now more than a thousand years in the making. -
3 while
[waɪl]1. conjunction2) during the time that:بينَماI saw him while I was out walking.
3) although:مع أنَّWhile I sympathize, I can't really do very much to help.
2. nouna space of time:فَتْرَه، بُرْهَهIt's a long while since we saw her.
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4 while away
to pass (time) without boredom:يَقْضي الوَقْت، يَقْتُل الوَقْتHe whiled away the time by reading.
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5 The tendency of an aircraft to yaw away from the applied aileron while at high angles of attack
Aviation: adverse yawУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > The tendency of an aircraft to yaw away from the applied aileron while at high angles of attack
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6 in the presence of
while (someone) is present:في حُضورDon't talk about it in my mother's presence.
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7 strike while the iron is hot
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8 Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus)
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. c. 23 AD Como, Italyd. 25 August 79 AD near Pompeii, Italy[br]Roman encyclopedic writer on the natural world.[br]Pliny was well educated in Rome, and for ten years or so followed a military career with which he was able to combine literary work, writing especially on historical subjects. He completed his duties c. 57 AD and concentrated on writing until he resumed his official career in 69 AD with administrative duties. During this last phase he began work on his only extant work, the thirty-seven "books" of his Historia Naturalis (Natural History), each dealing with a broad subject such as astronomy, geography, mineralogy, etc. His last post was the command of the fleet based at Misenum, which came to an end when he sailed too near Vesuvius during the eruption that engulfed Pompeii and he was overcome by the fumes.Pliny developed an insatiable curiosity about the natural world. Unlike the Greeks, the Romans made few original contributions to scientific thought and observation, but some made careful compilations of the learning and observations of Greek scholars. The most notable and influential of these was the Historia Naturalis. To the ideas about the natural world gleaned from earlier Greek authors, he added information about natural history, mineral resources, crafts and some technological processes, such as the extraction of metals from their ores, reported to him from the corners of the Empire. He added a few observations of his own, noted during travels on his official duties. Not all the reports were reliable, and the work often presents a tangled web of fact and fable. Gibbon described it as an immense register in which the author has "deposited the discoveries, the arts, and the errors of mankind". Pliny was indefatigable in his relentless note-taking, even dictating to his secretary while dining.During the Dark Ages and early Middle Ages in Western Europe, Pliny's Historia Naturalis was the largest known collection of facts about the natural world and was drawn upon freely by a succession of later writers. Its influence survived the influx into Western Europe, from the twelfth century, of translations of the works of Greek and Arab scholars. After the invention of printing in the middle of the fifteenth century, Pliny was the first work on a scientific subject to be printed, in 1469. Many editions followed and it may still be consulted with profit for its insights into technical knowledge and practice in the ancient world.[br]BibliographyThe standard Latin text with English translation is that edited by H.Rackham et al.(1942– 63, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann, 10 vols). The French version is by A.Further ReadingThe editions mentioned above include useful biographical and other details. For special aspects of Pliny, see K.C.Bailey, 1929–32, The Elder Pliny's Chapters on Chemical Subjects, London, 2 vols.LRDBiographical history of technology > Pliny the Elder (Gaius Plinius Secundus)
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9 analysis of the A sample
■ Analysis which is conducted to search for the presence of a prohibited substance or the use of a prohibited method in the player's A sample, while the B sample is stored.■ Vor der Analyse der B-Probe vorgenommene Analyse, mit der eine verbotene Substanz oder die Verwendung einer verbotenen Methode in der A-Probe nachgewiesen werden kann.Englisch-deutsch wörterbuch fußball > analysis of the A sample
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10 once in a while
occasionally:قَليلا، بين حينٍ وآخر، أحْياناI meet him once in a while at the club.
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11 once in a while
أَحْيَانًا \ now and again, now and then: sometimes. occasionally: sometimes, but not often or regularly. off and on, on and off: not continuously; at one time and another: It has been raining off and on the whole day. once in a while: sometimes, but not often. sometimes: at certain times but not always: Sometimes I win and sometimes I don’t. England sometimes has a hot summer, but not often. -
12 shot on the volley
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13 take the lead
■ Bei unentschiedenem Spielstand ein Tor erzielen. -
14 by the way
1) incidentally, in passing, while I remember etc:By the way, did you know he was getting married?
بالمُناسَبَه، على فِكْرَهBy the way, have you a moment to spare?
2) بالمناسبه، على فِكْرَه•Remark: by is used for forms of transport: by train; by aeroplane; by land; by sea -
15 take the liberty
تَجَرّأ \ take the liberty: to do sth. that is not polite unless one has asked for permission first: He took the liberty of borrowing my bicycle while I was out. -
16 shot on the turn
■ Shot executed while turning around quickly. -
17 drink (to) the health of
to offer good wishes to, or wish well, while drinking:يَشْرَبُ نَخْبَ، يَشْرَبُ لِصِحَّةِ فُلانRaise your glasses and drink to the bride and groom.
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18 drink (to) the health of
to offer good wishes to, or wish well, while drinking:يَشْرَبُ نَخْبَ، يَشْرَبُ لِصِحَّةِ فُلانRaise your glasses and drink to the bride and groom.
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19 A trial, with two groups of people, to test the effect of a new product, especially in medicine. One group is given the real product while the other group is given a placebo or sugar pill, which does not cont
General subject: blind trialУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > A trial, with two groups of people, to test the effect of a new product, especially in medicine. One group is given the real product while the other group is given a placebo or sugar pill, which does not cont
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20 Purposely aiming in front of an enemy plane while figuring in the distance to target and the target's speed to insure the weapon scores a hit
Aviation: pulling leadУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Purposely aiming in front of an enemy plane while figuring in the distance to target and the target's speed to insure the weapon scores a hit
См. также в других словарях:
The while — While While, n. [AS. hw[=i]l; akin to OS. hw[=i]l, hw[=i]la, OFries. hw[=i]le, D. wigl, G. weile, OHG. w[=i]la, hw[=i]la, hw[=i]l, Icel. hv[=i]la a bed, hv[=i]ld rest, Sw. hvila, Dan. hvile, Goth. hweila a time, and probably to L. quietus quiet,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Worth the while — Worth Worth, a. [OE. worth, wur[thorn], AS. weor[eth], wurE; akin to OFries. werth, OS. wer[eth], D. waard, OHG. werd, G. wert, werth, Icel. ver[eth]r, Sw. v[ a]rd, Dan. v[ae]rd, Goth. wa[ i]rps, and perhaps to E. wary. Cf. {Stalwart}, {Ware} an… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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The whiles — While While, n. [AS. hw[=i]l; akin to OS. hw[=i]l, hw[=i]la, OFries. hw[=i]le, D. wigl, G. weile, OHG. w[=i]la, hw[=i]la, hw[=i]l, Icel. hv[=i]la a bed, hv[=i]ld rest, Sw. hvila, Dan. hvile, Goth. hweila a time, and probably to L. quietus quiet,… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
While — While, n. [AS. hw[=i]l; akin to OS. hw[=i]l, hw[=i]la, OFries. hw[=i]le, D. wigl, G. weile, OHG. w[=i]la, hw[=i]la, hw[=i]l, Icel. hv[=i]la a bed, hv[=i]ld rest, Sw. hvila, Dan. hvile, Goth. hweila a time, and probably to L. quietus quiet, and… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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