-
1 queen
[kwi:n] n.,v. -n 1. mbretëreshë (edhe fig.); she was queen to James II ajo ishte gruaja e Xhejmsit II; iron. Queen Anne's dead! lëre se na çudite! drejt. turn Queen's evidence dëshmoj kundër bashkëpunëtorëve të mi. 2. amë, matkë, parëz (e bletëve). 3. (shah) mbretëreshë, damë. 4. (letra) damë, çupë. 5. zhrg. mashkull-femër, homoseksual, pederast pasiv, homo /-v 1. sillem si mbretëreshë; to queen it mbahem me të madh; to queen it over sb trajtoj dikë nga lart poshtë● queen consort ['kwi:n 'konso:t] n. mbretëreshë, grua e sovranit● queendom ['kwi:ndëm] n 1. mbretëri. 2. rang mbretëreshe● queen dowager ['kwi:n 'dauëxhë] n. mbretëreshë e ve● queen mother ['kwi:n madhë:(r)] n. nënë mbretëreshë; nëna e mretreshës Elizabeth të Anglisë● queen post ['kwi:n pëust] n. ndërt. trerë të shkurtër vertikalë të çatisë● queen regent ['kwi:n 'ri:xhënt] n 1. mbretëreshë regjente. 2. mbretëreshë● Queen's Counsel ['kwi:nz 'kaunsël] n. Br.drejt. avokat i Kurorës● Queen's highway ['kwi:nz 'haiwei] n. rrugë publike* * *mbretresh; a -
2 History of volleyball
________________________________________William G. Morgan (1870-1942) inventor of the game of volleyball________________________________________William G. Morgan (1870-1942), who was born in the State of New York, has gone down in history as the inventor of the game of volleyball, to which he originally gave the name "Mintonette".The young Morgan carried out his undergraduate studies at the Springfield College of the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) where he met James Naismith who, in 1891, had invented basketball. After graduating, Morgan spent his first year at the Auburn (Maine) YMCA after which, during the summer of 1896, he moved to the YMCA at Holyoke (Massachusetts) where he became Director of Physical Education. In this role he had the opportunity to establish, develop, and direct a vast programme of exercises and sports classes for male adults.His leadership was enthusiastically accepted, and his classes grew in numbers. He came to realise that he needed a certain type of competitive recreational game in order to vary his programme. Basketball, which sport was beginning to develop, seemed to suit young people, but it was necessary to find a less violent and less intense alternative for the older members.________________________________________________________________________________In 1995, the sport of Volleyball was 100 years old!The sport originated in the United States, and is now just achieving the type of popularity in the U.S. that it has received on a global basis, where it ranks behind only soccer among participation sports.Today there are more than 46 million Americans who play volleyball. There are 800 million players worldwide who play Volleyball at least once a week.In 1895, William G. Morgan, an instructor at the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) in Holyoke, Mass., decided to blend elements of basketball, baseball, tennis, and handball to create a game for his classes of businessmen which would demand less physical contact than basketball. He created the game of Volleyball (at that time called mintonette). Morgan borrowed the net from tennis, and raised it 6 feet 6 inches above the floor, just above the average man's head.During a demonstration game, someone remarked to Morgan that the players seemed to be volleying the ball back and forth over the net, and perhaps "volleyball" would be a more descriptive name for the sport.On July 7, 1896 at Springfield College the first game of "volleyball" was played.In 1900, a special ball was designed for the sport.1900 - YMCA spread volleyball to Canada, the Orient, and the Southern Hemisphere.1905 - YMCA spread volleyball to Cuba1907 Volleyball was presented at the Playground of America convention as one of the most popular sports1909 - YMCA spread volleyball to Puerto Rico1912 - YMCA spread volleyball to Uruguay1913 - Volleyball competition held in Far Eastern Games1917 - YMCA spread volleyball to BrazilIn 1916, in the Philippines, an offensive style of passing the ball in a high trajectory to be struck by another player (the set and spike) were introduced. The Filipinos developed the "bomba" or kill, and called the hitter a "bomberino".1916 - The NCAA was invited by the YMCA to aid in editing the rules and in promoting the sport. Volleyball was added to school and college physical education and intramural programs.In 1917, the game was changed from 21 to 15 points.1919 American Expeditionary Forces distributed 16,000 volleyballs to it's troops and allies. This provided a stimulus for the growth of volleyball in foreign lands.In 1920, three hits per side and back row attack rules were instituted.In 1922, the first YMCA national championships were held in Brooklyn, NY. 27 teams from 11 states were represented.In 1928, it became clear that tournaments and rules were needed, the United States Volleyball Association (USVBA, now USA Volleyball) was formed. The first U.S. Open was staged, as the field was open to non-YMCA squads.1930's Recreational sports programs became an important part of American lifeIn 1930, the first two-man beach game was played.In 1934, the approval and recognition of national volleyball referees.In 1937, at the AAU convention in Boston, action was taken to recognize the U.S. Volleyball Association as the official national governing body in the U.S.Late 1940s Forearm pass introduced to the game (as a desperation play) Most balls played with overhand pass1946 A study of recreation in the United States showed that volleyball ranked fifth among team sports being promoted and organizedIn 1947, the Federation Internationale De Volley-Ball (FIVB) was founded in Paris.In 1948, the first two-man beach tournament was held.In 1949, the first World Championships were held in Prague, Czechoslovakia.1949 USVBA added a collegiate division, for competitive college teams. For the first ten years collegiate competition was sparse. Teams formed only through the efforts of interested students and instructors. Many teams dissolved when the interested individuals left the college. Competitive teams were scattered, with no collegiate governing bodies providing leadership in the sport.1951 - Volleyball was played by over 50 million people each year in over 60 countries1955 - Pan American Games included volleyball1957 - The International Olympic Committee (IOC) designated volleyball as an Olympic team sport, to be included in the 1964 Olympic Games.1959 - International University Sports Federation (FISU) held the first University Games in Turin, Italy. Volleyball was one of the eight competitions held.1960 Seven midwestern institutions formed the Midwest Intercollegiate Volleyball Association (MIVA)1964Southern California Intercollegiate Volleyball Association (SCVIA) was formed in California1960's new techniques added to the game included - the soft spike (dink), forearm pass (bump), blocking across the net, and defensive diving and rolling.In 1964, Volleyball was introduced to the Olympic Games in Tokyo.The Japanese volleyball used in the 1964 Olympics, consisted of a rubber carcass with leather panelling. A similarly constructed ball is used in most modern competition.In 1965, the California Beach Volleyball Association (CBVA) was formed.1968 National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) made volleyball their fifteenth competitive sport.1969 The Executive Committee of the NCAA proposed addition of volleyball to its program.In 1974, the World Championships in Mexico were telecast in Japan.In 1975, the US National Women's team began a year-round training regime in Pasadena, Texas (moved to Colorado Springs in 1979, Coto de Caza and Fountain Valley, CA in 1980, and San Diego, CA in 1985).In 1977, the US National Men's team began a year-round training regime in Dayton, Ohio (moved to San Diego, CA in 1981).In 1983, the Association of Volleyball Professionals (AVP) was formed.In 1984, the US won their first medals at the Olympics in Los Angeles. The Men won the Gold, and the Women the Silver.In 1986, the Women's Professional Volleyball Association (WPVA) was formed.In 1987, the FIVB added a Beach Volleyball World Championship Series.In 1988, the US Men repeated the Gold in the Olympics in Korea.In 1989, the FIVB Sports Aid Program was created.In 1990, the World League was created.In 1992, the Four Person Pro Beach League was started in the United States.In 1994, Volleyball World Wide, created.In 1995, the sport of Volleyball was 100 years old!In 1996, 2-person beach volleyball was added to the OlympicsThere is a good book, "Volleyball Centennial: The First 100 Years", available on the history of the sport.________________________________________Copyright (c)Volleyball World WideVolleyball World Wide on the Computer Internet/WWWhttp://www.Volleyball.ORG/ -
3 Jim
-
4 undergraduate
[,andë:'græxhuit/,andë:'grædjuit] n., adj. -n. student (universitar), student i padiplomuar (universitar)./- adj. studentor; studentësh, për studentë; undergraduate studies studime univerzitare; in my undergraduate days kur isha student.William G. Morgan (1870-1942), who was born in the State of New York, has gone down in history as the inventor of the game of volleyball, to which he originally gave the name "Mintonette".The young Morgan carried out his undergraduate studies at the Springfield College of the YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) where he met James Naismith who, in 1891, had invented basketball. After graduating, Morgan spent his first year at the Auburn (Maine) YMCA after which, during the summer of 1896, he moved to the YMCA at Holyoke (Massachusetts) where he became Director of Physical Education. In this role he had the opportunity to establish, develop, and direct a vast programme of exercises and sports classes for male adults.His leadership was enthusiastically accepted, and his classes grew in numbers. He came to realise that he needed a certain type of competitive recreational game in order to vary his programme. Basketball, which sport was beginning to develop, seemed to suit young people, but it was necessary to find a less violent and less intense alternative for the older members.go down in history as... [gou daun in 'histëri æz] hyj në history si, njihet në history si, pnohet në histori si
См. также в других словарях:
James — James, Henry James, Henry James, William * * * (as used in expressions) Agee, James Anderson, (James) Maxwell Audubon, John James Baldwin, James (Arthur) Balfour (de Whittingehame), Arthur James, 1 conde Ballard, J(ames) G(raham) Barrie, Sir… … Enciclopedia Universal
James — hace referencia a: Personas de apellido James: Chris James, futbolista neozelandés; Daniel James, actor neozelandés protagonista de La Tribu; Etta James, cantante de Estados Unidos; Fitz James O Brien, escritor irlandés; Henry James, escritor y… … Wikipedia Español
James — is a common English surname and given name: James (name), the typically masculine first name James James (surname), various people with the last name James James may also refer to: Contents 1 People 2 Places 3 Science and Technology … Wikipedia
James II — may refer to:* James II, Count of La Marche (1370 1438), King Consort of Naples * James II (EP), the second EP by Mancunian band James * James II of Aragon (1267–1327), King of Sicily * James II of Cyprus (circa 1438–1473), Titular King of… … Wikipedia
JAMES (W.) — JAMES WILLIAM (1842 1910) Psychologue nord américain, philosophe, leader du mouvement connu sous le nom de pragmatisme, William James était le fils d’Henry James, le disciple de Swedenborg, et le frère aîné d’Henry James, romancier célèbre,… … Encyclopédie Universelle
James — prop. n. 1. William James, an American psychologist and philosopher (1842 1910). He was the brother of Henry James. Syn: William James. [WordNet 1.5] 2. Henry James, an American novelist and critic, born 1843, died 1916. He was the brother of… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
James I — may refer to:* James I, Count of La Marche (1319 1362), Count of Ponthieu * James I of Aragon (1208–1276), Count of Barcelona * James I of Sicily (1267–1327), King of Valencia * James I of Cyprus (1334–1398), Titular King of Armenia * James I of… … Wikipedia
James — [dʒeɪmz], 1) C. L. R. (Cyril Lionel Robert), westindischer Schriftsteller, * Tunapuna (bei Port of Spain, Trinidad) 4. 1. 1901, ✝ London 31. 5. 1989; war in den frühen 30er Jahren, von marxistischen und zeitweise auch trotzkistischen Ideen… … Universal-Lexikon
JAMES (C.) — JAMES CHARLES (1906 1978) Issu d’une famille américaine, Charles James effectue des études orageuses en Angleterre et en France avant de rejoindre ses parents à Chicago. C’est là qu’il ouvre, en 1926, une maison de modiste sous le nom de Charles… … Encyclopédie Universelle
James IV — may refer to:* James IV of Majorca (circa 1336 1375), King of Majorca * James IV of Scotland (1473 1513), Duke of Rothesay * James Gamble Rogers IV (1937 1991), folk artist * James H. Burnley IV (born 1948), American politician and lawyer * James … Wikipedia
James — m English and Scottish form of the name borne in the New Testament by two of Christ s disciples, James son of Zebedee and James son of Alphaeus. This form comes from Late Latin Iacomus, a variant of Iacobus, Latin form of the New Testament Greek… … First names dictionary
