(hindu+era)

m. « valour-sun»

अगस्ति [विन्ध्याख्यं अगं अस्यति; अस्-क्तिच् शकन्ध्वादि˚, Uṇ.4. 179, or अगं विन्ध्याचलं स्त्यायति +स्तभ्नाति, स्त्यै-क; or अगः कुम्भः तत्र स्त्यानः संहतः इत्यगस्त्यः]

1 'Pitcher-born,' N. of a celebrated Ṛiṣi or sage.

-2 N. of the star Canopus, of which Agastya is the regent.

-3 N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष) Sesbana (or Ӕschynomene) Grandiflora [Mar. रुईमंदार]. [The sage Agastya is a very reputed personage in Hindu mythology. In the Ṛigveda he and Vasiṣṭha are said to be the off-springs of Mitra and Varuṇa, whose seed fell from them at the sight of the lovely nymph Urvaśī at a sacrificial session. Part of the seed fell into a jar and part into water; from the former arose Agastya, who is, therefore, called Kumbhayoni, Kumbhajanman, Ghaṭodbhava, Kalaśayoni &c; from the latter Vasiṣṭha. From his parentage Agastya is also called Maitrāvaruṇi, Aurvaśeya, and, as he was very small when he was born, he is also called Mānya. He is represented to have humbled the Vindhya mountains by making them prostrate themselves before him when they tried to rise higher and higher till they wellnigh occupied the sun's disc and obstructed his path. See Vindhya. (This fable is supposed by some, to typify the progress of the Āryas towards the south in their conquest and civilization of India, the humbling of the mountain standing meta- phorically for the removal of physical obstacles in their way). He is also known by the names of Pītābdhi, Samudra-chuluka &c.; from another fable according to which he drank up the ocean because it had offended him and because he wished to help Indra and the gods in their wars with a class of demons called Kāleyas who had hid themselves in the waters and oppressed the three worlds in various ways. His wife was Lopāmudrā. She was also called Kauṣītakī and Varapradā. She bore him two sons, Dṛḍhāsya and Dṛḍhāsyu. In the Rāmāyaṇa Agastya plays a distinguished part. He dwelt in a hermitage on mount Kunjara to the south of the Vindhya and was chief of the hermits of the south. He kept under control the evil spirits who infested the south and a legend relates how he once ate up a Rākṣasa named Vātāpi, who had assumed the form of a ram, and destroyed by a flash of his eye the Rākṣasa's brother who attempted to avenge him. In the course of his wandering Rāma with his wife and brother came to the hermitge of Agastya who received him with the greatest kindness and became his friend, adviser and protector. He gave Rāma the bow of Viṣṇu and accompanied him to Ayodhyā when he was restored to his kingdom after his exile of 14 years. The superhuman power which the sage possessed, is also represented by another legend, according to which he turned king Nahuṣa into a serpent and afterwards restored him to his proper form. In the south he is usually regarded as the first teacher of science and literature to the primitive Dravidian tribes, and his era is placed by Dr. Caldwell in the 7th or 6th century B.C. The Purāṇas represent Agastya as the son of Pulastya (the sage from whom the Rākṣsas sprang) and Havirbhuvā the daughter of Kardama. Several 'hymn-seers' are mentioned in his family, such as his two sons, Indra- bāhu, Mayobhuva and Mahendra, also others who served to perpetuate the family. The sage is represented as a great philosopher, benevolent and kind-hearted, unsurpassed in the science of archery and to have taken a principal part in the colonization of the south; निर्जितासि मया भद्रे शत्रुहस्तादमर्षिणा । अगस्त्येन दुराधर्षा मुनिना दक्षिणेव .दिक् ॥ Rām; अगस्त्याचरितामाशाम् R.4.44; cf. also; अगस्त्यो दक्षिणामाशामाश्रित्य नभसिः स्थितः । वरुणस्यात्मजो योगी विन्ध्यवातापिमर्दनः ॥ and R.6.61; Mv.7.14.] अगस्तितुल्या हि घृताब्धिशोषणे । Udbhaṭa.

आर्य a. [ऋ-ण्यत्]

1 Āryan, an inhabitant of आर्यावर्त, N. of the race migrated into India in Vedic times.

-2 Worthy of an Ārya.

-3 Worthy, venerable, respectable, honourable, noble, high; यदार्यमस्यामभिलाषि मे मनः Ś.1.22; R.2.33; so आर्यवेषः respectable dress; oft. used in theatrical language as an honorific adjective and a respectful mode of address; आर्यचाणक्यः, आर्या अरुन्धती &c.; आर्य revered or honoured Sir; आर्ये revered or honoured lady. The following rules are laid down for the use of आर्य in addressing persons:-- (1) वाच्यौ नटीसूत्रधारावार्यनाम्ना परस्परम् । (2) वयस्येत्युत्तमैर्वाच्यो मध्यैरार्येति चाग्रजः । (3) (वक्तव्यो) अमात्य आर्येति चेतरैः । (4) स्वेच्छया नामभिर्विप्रैर्विप्र आर्येति चेतरैः । S. D.431.

-4 Noble, fine, excellent.

-र्यः 1 N. of the Hindu and Iranian people, as distinguished from अनार्य, दस्यु and दास; विजानीह्यार्यान्ये च दस्यवः Rv.1.51.8.

-2 A man who is faithful to the religion and laws of his country; कर्तव्यमाचरन् कार्यमकर्तव्यमनाचरन् । तिष्ठति प्रकृताचारे स वा आर्य इति स्मृतः ॥

-3 N. of the first three castes (as opp. to शूद्र).

-4 res- pectable or honourable man, esteemed person; वृत्तेन हि भवत्यार्यो न धनेन न विद्यया Mb.; परमार्यः परमां कृपां बभार Bu. Ch.5.6.

-5 A man of noble birth.

-6 A man of noble character.

-7 A master, owner.

-8 A preceptor; वैमानि- कार्यसमभूमा Viś. Guṇā.124; Mu.3.33.

-9 A friend.

-1 A Vaiśya.

-11 A father-in-law (as in आर्यपुत्र).

-12 A Buddha.

-13 (With the Buddhists) A man who has thought on the four chief principles of Buddhism and lives according to them.

-14 A son of Manu Sāvarṇa.

-र्या 1 N. of Pārvatī.

-2 A mother-in-law.

-3 A respectable woman; यत्रार्या रुदती भीता पाण़्डवानिदमब्रवीत् Mb.3.12.87.

-4 N. of a metre; राजानमुद्दिश्य आर्यामिमां पपाठ K.

˚गीतिः f. A variety of the Āry&amacr metre, see Appendix.

-5That which comes from truth; आराद् याता तत्त्वेभ्य इति आर्या.

-र्यम् 1 Virtue, sacredness; नहि दुष्टा- त्मनामार्यमावसत्यालये चिरम् Rām.3.5.12.

-2 Discrimination (विवेक); कोपमार्येण यो हन्ति स वीरः पुरुषोत्तमः Rām.4.31.6.

-Comp. -अष्टशतम् title of a work of Ārya Bhaṭṭa consisting of eight hundred verses.

-आगमः The appro- aching an Ārya woman sexually; अन्त्यस्यार्यागमे वधः Y.2.294.

-आवर्तः [आर्यां आवर्तन्ते अत्र] 'abode of the noble or excellent (Āryas)'; particularly N. of the tract extending from the eastern to the western ocean, and bounded on the north and south by the Himālaya and Vindhya respectively; cf. Ms..2.22; आ समुद्रात्तु वै पूर्वादा समुद्राच्च पश्चिमात् । तयोरेवान्तरं गिर्योः (हिमवद्विन्ध्ययोः) आर्यावर्तं विदुर्बुधाः ॥; also 1.34.

-गृह्य a. [आर्यस्य गृह्यः पक्षः]

1 to be respected by the noble.

-2 a friend of the noble, readily accessible to honourable men; तमार्यगृह्यं निगृहीतधेनुः R.2.33.

-3 respectable, right, decorous.

-जुष्ट a. liked by or agreeable to noble ones.

-देशः a country inhabited by the Āryas.

-पुत्रः 1 son of an honourable man.

-2 the son of a spiritual preceptor.

-3 honorific designation of the son of the elder brother; of a husband by his wife; or of a prince by his general &c.

-4 the son of the father-in-law, i. e. a husband (occurring in every drama; mostly in the vocative case in the last two senses).

-प्राय a.

1 inhabited by the Āryas.

-2 a bounding with respectable people; Ms.7.69.

-बलः N. of a Bodhisattva.

-भट्टः N. of a renowned astronomer, the inventor of Algebra among the Hindus; he flourished before the 5th century of the Christian era. Hence his work is called आर्यभटीय.

-भावः honourable character or behaviour.

-मतिः One having a noble intellect; संक्षिप्तमार्यमतिना Sāṅ. K.71.

-मार्गः the path or course of the respectable, a respectable way.

-मिश्र a. respectable, worthy, distinguished. (

-श्रः) a gentleman, a man of consequence; (pl.)

1 worthy or respectable men, an assembly of honourable men; आर्य- मिश्रान् विज्ञापयामि V.1.

-2 your reverence or honour (a respectful address); नन्वार्यमिश्रैः प्रथममेव आज्ञप्तम् Ś.1; आर्य- मिश्राः प्रमाणम् M.1.

-युवन् m. an Āryan youth.

-रूप a. having only the form of an Āryan, a hypocrite, impostor; आर्यरूपमिवानार्यं कर्मभिः स्वैर्विभावयेत् Ms.1.57.

-लिङ्गिन् m. an impostor; Ms.9.26.

-वाक् a. speaking the Aryan language; म्लेच्छवाचश्चार्यवाचः सर्वे ते दस्यवः स्मृताः Ms.1.45.

-वृत्त a. virtuous, good, pious; Ms.9. 253; R.14.55. (

-त्तम्) the conduct of an Āryan or nobleman; Ms.4.175.

-वेश a. well-clothed, having a respectable dress, fine.

-व्रत a. observing the laws and ordinances of the Āryans or noblemen. (

-तम्) the duty of an Aryan.

-शील a. Having an honest charac- ter.

-श्वेतः a noble or honourable man.

-संघः the whole body of the Āryans, especially Buddhists; it is also the name of a renowned philosopher (founder of the school of Yogāchāras).

-सत्यम् a noble or sublime truth; (there are four such truths forming the chief principles of Buddhism. In Pāli they are called चत्तारि अरियसच्चानि. They are, (1) life is suffering, (2) Desire of life is the cause of suffering, (3) Extinction of that desire is the cessation of suffering, (4) The eightfold path leads to that extinction).

-सिद्धान्तः N. of a work of आर्यभट्ट.

-स्त्री An Āryan woman, or a woman of the first three castes.

-हलम् ind. forcibly.

-हृद्य a. liked by the noble.