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101 vivo
['vivo] vivo (-a)1. agg1) (in vita) alive, living, (in uso: espressione, tradizione) livingè ancora vivo — he is still alive o living
esperimenti su animali vivi — experiments on live o living animals
me lo mangerei vivo! fig — I could eat him alive!, I could murder him!
2) (intenso: ricordo) vivid, very clear, (emozione) intense, (luce) brilliant, bright, (colore) bright, vividcongratulazioni vivissime — sincerest o heartiest congratulations
con i più vivi ringraziamenti — with deepest o warmest thanks
3) (vivace: persona) lively, vivacious, (città, strada, discussione) lively, animated4)farsi vivo — to keep in touchspese vive — immediate o out-of-pocket expenses
l'ho sentito dalla sua viva voce — I heard it from the horse's mouth o from his own lips
2. sm1) (essere) living beingi vivi smpl the living2)pungere o colpire qn nel vivo — to cut sb to the quick
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102 давать сто очков вперёд
разг., одобр.give smb. points; excel (beat, surpass) smb.; be a cut above smb.; cf. beat smb. hands down; be streets ahead of smb.Смирнов.
Извините за откровенность, воробей любому философу в юбке может дать десять очков вперёд! (А. Чехов, Медведь) — Smirnov. Excuse my outspokenness, a sparrow can give ten points to any philosopher in petticoats you like to name!Он поражает всех беспощадностью своих острот, меткостью суждений, свежестью мыслей (уж что-что, а в острословии Юрий даст сто очков вперёд титулованной каланче!). (Л. Соболев, Капитальный ремонт) — He impressed them all with his brilliant wit, shrewd judgements, and original ideas (at this game Yuri could beat any long-shanks of an aristocrat hands down!).
Русско-английский фразеологический словарь > давать сто очков вперёд
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103 diamond
1. n алмаз; бриллиантblack diamond — чёрный алмаз; карбонадо
rough diamond, diamond in the rough — неотшлифованный алмаз
2. n алмаз для правки шлифовальных кругов3. n мат. ромб4. n амер. площадка для игры в бейсбол; бейсбольное поле5. n геральд. чёрный цвет6. n полигр. диамант7. a алмазный; бриллиантовый8. a алмазный, сделанный из алмаза9. a алмазоносный; алмазосодержащий10. a гранёный, ромбоидальный, ромбовидный11. v редк. украшать бриллиантами12. n карт. бубны, бубновая масть13. n карт. бубна, бубновка, карта бубновой мастиСинонимический ряд:1. baseball diamond (noun) ball park; baseball diamond; infield; inner works; pasture; playing field; sandlot; scalped field2. form (noun) form; lozenge; quadrilateral; rhomb; rhombus; solid3. glass cutter (noun) cutter; cutting tool; diamond point; glass cutter4. precious stone (noun) bort; brilliant; crystal; crystalline jewel; engagement ring; precious stone; solitaire5. prize (noun) gem; pearl; prize; treasure -
104 engagement ring
кольцо невесты, обручальное кольцоСинонимический ряд:precious stone (noun) bort; brilliant; crystal; crystalline jewel; diamond; precious stone; solitaire -
105 fast
1. n запор, задвижка2. n мор. швартов3. n геол. первый твёрдый слой породыhard and fast — непоколебимый; твёрдый; жёсткий ; строго определённый; незыблемый, раз навсегда установленный
4. n припайfast ice belt — припай, береговой лёд
5. a прочный, крепкий6. a твёрдый7. a прочный, прочно закреплённый или прикреплённый8. a нелиняющий, прочный9. a стойкий, верный10. a арх. крепко спящий11. a арх. крепкий, глубокий12. adv прочно, крепко, твёрдо13. adv накрепко14. adv верно, преданно15. a скорый, быстрый16. a приспособленный для быстрого движения или быстрой ездыfast track — линия, приспособленная для быстрого движения поездов
fast access — быстрая выборка; быстрый доступ
17. a спешащий18. a неточный, показывающий больший весfast drilling fluid — буровой раствор, позволяющий вести проходку с высокой скоростью
19. a легкомысленный, фривольныйthe fast set — кутилы, гуляки
to lead a fast life — вести беспутную жизнь, прожигать жизнь
20. adv быстро, скоро21. adv легкомысленно; беспутно22. n постfast day, a day for a general fast — постный день
23. n голодание; строгая диета24. n голодовка25. v поститься26. v голодать, не естьСинонимический ряд:1. active (adj.) active; alert; apace; chop-chop; energetic; expeditiously2. breakneck (adj.) accelerated; breakneck; brief; brisk; celeritous; expeditious; expeditive; fleet; flying; harefooted; hasty; hurried; posthaste; quick; raking; rapid; snappy; speedy; swift3. completely (adj.) completely; fully; soundly4. deceptive (adj.) deceptive; inconstant; insincere; unreliable5. dissipate (adj.) dissipate; dissipated; extravagant; prodigal; profligate; reckless; unmoral6. easy (adj.) easy; light; loose; unchaste; wanton; whorish7. enduring (adj.) enduring; staunch; steadfast; unwavering8. faithful (adj.) allegiant; ardent; constant; deep; faithful; liege; loyal; profound; resolute; sound; steady; true9. fastened (adj.) adherent; closed; fastened; fixed; immovable; knotted; set; stanch; stationary; tied10. firmly (adj.) firmly; fixedly; solidly; tenaciously11. hurriedly (adj.) hurriedly; speedily; swiftly12. indelible (adj.) indelible13. inescapable (adj.) inescapable; inextricable14. licentious (adj.) incontinent; lascivious; lecherous; lewd; libertine; libidinous; licentious; lustful; randy; salacious; satyric15. permanent (adj.) durable; eternal; lasting; permanent16. resistant (adj.) impregnable; resistant; strong17. sure (adj.) firm; secure; solid; stable; sure; tenacious; tight18. wild (adj.) devil-may-care; dissolute; gay; raffish; rakehell; rakish; sporty; wild19. abstinence (noun) abstinence; fasting20. famish (verb) famish; forbear; starve21. extravagantly (other) extravagantly; prodigally; recklessly; wildly22. hard (other) firm; firmly; fixedly; hard; securely; solidly; steadfastly; tenaciously; tight; tightly; unshakeably23. rapidly (other) apace; at breakneck speed; at full blast; at the double (British); at top speed; by leaps and bounds; chop-chop; double-quick; expeditiously; flat out; flat-out; fleetly; full tilt; hastily; lickety-split; like a bat out of hell; like a flash; like a shot (colloquial); like the wind; on the double (US); posthaste; post-haste; presto; promptly; pronto; quick; quickly; rapidly; soon; speedily; swift; swiftlyАнтонимический ряд:defenceless; dilatory; disloyal; dull; exemplary; faithless; feeble; good; heavy; impermanent; insecure; lethargic; loose; mobile; slow; transient -
106 lucent
1. a арх. яркий, светлый, блестящий2. a арх. прозрачный, просвечивающийСинонимический ряд:1. bright (adj.) beaming; bright; brilliant; effulgent; fulgent; incandescent; lambent; luminous; lustrous; radiant; refulgent; shining2. clear (adj.) candid; clear; clear-cut; crystal; lucid; luculent; pellucid; perspicuous; pure; translucent; transparent; transpicuous; unadulterated; unambiguous; unblurred -
107 lucid
1. a ясный, понятный2. a ясный, светлыйlucid mind — здравый рассудок, ясное сознание
3. a поэт. яркий, светлый, светящийся; прозрачныйСинонимический ряд:1. bright (adj.) beaming; bright; brilliant; effulgent; fulgent; incandescent; lambent; lucent; lustrous; radiant; refulgent; resplendent; shining2. clear (adj.) clear; clear-cut; crystal; crystalline; distinct; evident; limpid; luculent; obvious; pellucid; perspicuous; translucent; transparent; transpicuous; unambiguous; unblurred; unmistakable3. clearheaded (adj.) clearheaded; perceptive; rational4. sane (adj.) all there; compos mentis; intelligible; normal; reasonable; right; sane5. understandable (adj.) apprehensible; comprehendible; comprehensible; explicit; fathomable; graspable; knowable; luminous; plain; understandableАнтонимический ряд:cloudy; confused; cryptic; dark; demented; deranged; dim; dull; dusky; enigmatic; gloomy; incomprehensible; muddled; murky; nebulous; obscure -
108 luminous
1. a светящийся2. a ярко освещённый3. a световой4. a блестящий5. a просвещённый6. a ясный, понятный7. a проливающий свет, проясняющийСинонимический ряд:1. bright (adj.) beaming; bright; effulgent; fulgent; glowing; lambent; lucent; lustrous; radiant; refulgent; resplendent; shining2. clear (adj.) clear; clear-cut; crystal; luculent; pellucid; translucent; transparent; transpicuous; unambiguous; unblurred3. illuminated (adj.) illuminated; incandescent; lighted; lit4. smart (adj.) brilliant; clever; enlightening; intelligent; smart5. understandable (adj.) apprehensible; comprehendible; comprehensible; fathomable; graspable; intelligible; knowable; lucid; perspicacious; perspicuous; plain; understandableАнтонимический ряд:dim; dull; obscure; stupid; unclear -
109 sharper
1. n жулик; обманщик, плут; мошенник2. n шулерСинонимический ряд:1. acrider (adj.) acrider; harsher; more amaroidal; more astringent; more austere; more bitter2. acuter (adj.) acuter; higher; keener; more acute; more argute; more gnawing; more knifelike; more penetrative; more perceptive; more piercing; more piping; more quick-sighted; more sensitive; more sharp-sighted; more shooting; more shrill; more stabbing; more treble; thinner3. clearer (adj.) clearer; more distinct; more unambiguous; more unequivocal; more unmistakable4. more biting (adj.) more biting; more clear-cut; more incisive; more penetrating; more probing; more trenchant; shrewder5. more honed (adj.) more honed; more razor-sharp; more unblunted; more whetted6. more intelligent (adj.) brainier; brighter; more alert; more brilliant; more intelligent; more knowledgeable; more ready-witted7. more pointed (adj.) more acicular; more aciculate; more acuminate; more acuminous; more cuspidate; more mucronate; more peaked; more peaky; more piked; more pointed; pointier8. more stylish (adj.) more chic; more dashing; more exclusive; more fashionable; more in; more modish; more stylish; more swish; more tonish; more tony; more trig; more ultrafashionable; more with-it; posher; snappier; swanker9. sharper (adj.) cleverer; more cunning; more pungent; more slick; sharper; shiftier; slier; slipperier; wilier10. shorter (adj.) more inconsiderate; more thoughtless; more unceremonious; more ungracious; shorter11. wiser (adj.) cannier; more hep; more knowing; more nimble-witted; more quick-witted; more sharp-witted; quicker; slicker; smarter; wiser12. swindler (noun) bunco steerer; cheat; cheater; chiaus; come-on; confidence man; defrauder; diddler; double-dealer; flimflammer; gyp; gypper; mountebank; Peter Funk; rogue; sharpie; skin; slicker; swindler13. trickster (noun) artist; con man; contriver; crook; designer; rascal; trickster -
110 sharpest
Синонимический ряд:1. acridest (adj.) acridest; harshest; most amaroidal; most astringent; most austere; most bitter2. acutest (adj.) acutest; highest; keenest; most acute; most argute; most gnawing; most knifelike; most penetrative; most perceptive; most piercing; most piping; most quick-sighted; most sensitive; most sharp-sighted; most shooting; most shrill; most stabbing; most treble; thinnest3. clearest (adj.) clearest; most distinct; most unambiguous; most unequivocal; most unmistakable4. cleverest (adj.) canniest; cleverest; most cunning; most slick; shiftiest; sliest; slipperiest; wiliest5. most biting (adj.) most biting; most clear-cut; most incisive; most penetrating; most probing; most trenchant; shrewdest6. most honed (adj.) most honed; most razor-sharp; most unblunted; most whetted7. most intelligent (adj.) brainiest; brightest; most alert; most brilliant; most intelligent; most knowledgeable; most ready-witted8. most pointed (adj.) most acicular; most aciculate; most acuminate; most acuminous; most cuspidate; most mucronate; most peaked; most peaky; most piked; most pointed; pointiest9. most pungent (adj.) most pungent10. most stylish (adj.) most chic; most dashing; most exclusive; most fashionable; most in; most modish; most stylish; most swish; most tonish; most tony; most trig; most ultrafashionable; most with-it; poshest; snappiest; swankest11. shortest (adj.) most inconsiderate; most thoughtless; most unceremonious; most ungracious; shortest12. wisest (adj.) most hep; most knowing; most nimble-witted; most quick-witted; most sharp-witted; quickest; slickest; smartest; wisest -
111 briljant
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112 to
to [tu:, unstressed tə]à ⇒ 1A (a)-(c), 1A (e), 1B (b), 1D (a), 1D (l) en ⇒ 1A (c) jusqu'à ⇒ 1A (d), 1B (b) contre ⇒ 1A (e) pour ⇒ 1C (f), 1C (g), 1D (b) de ⇒ 1D (i)A.∎ to go to school/the cinema aller à l'école/au cinéma;∎ let's go to town allons en ville;∎ he climbed to the top il est monté jusqu'au sommet ou jusqu'en haut;∎ she ran to where her mother was sitting elle a couru (jusqu')à l'endroit où sa mère était assise;∎ we've been to it before nous y sommes déjà allés;∎ the vase fell to the ground le vase est tombé par ou à terre;∎ I invited them to dinner je les ai invités à dîner;∎ he returned to his work il est retourné à son ou il a repris son travail;∎ let's go to Susan's allons chez Susan;∎ to go to the doctor or doctor's aller chez le médecin;∎ he pointed to the door il a pointé son doigt vers la porte;∎ the road to the south la route du sud;∎ our house is a mile to the south notre maison est à un mile au sud;∎ it's 12 miles to the nearest town (from here) nous sommes à 12 miles de la ville la plus proche; (from there) c'est à 12 miles de la ville la plus proche;∎ what's the best way to the station? quel est le meilleur chemin pour aller à la gare?;∎ she turned his photograph to the wall elle a retourné sa photo contre le mur;∎ I sat with my back to her j'étais assis lui tournant le dos;∎ tell her to her face dites-le-lui en face(b) (indicating location, position) à;∎ the street parallel to this one la rue parallèle à celle-ci;∎ she lives next door to us elle habite à côté de chez nous;∎ to one side d'un côté;∎ to the left/right à gauche/droite;∎ the rooms to the back les chambres de derrière;∎ to leave sth to one side laisser qch de côté∎ to Madrid à Madrid;∎ to Le Havre au Havre;∎ to France en France;∎ to Argentina en Argentine;∎ to Japan au Japon;∎ to the United States aux États-Unis;∎ I'm off to Paris je pars à ou pour Paris;∎ the road to Chicago la route de Chicago;∎ on the way to Milan en allant à Milan, sur la route de Milan;∎ planes to and from Europe les vols à destination et en provenance de l'Europe(d) (indicating age, amount or level reached) jusqu'à;∎ the snow came (up) to her knees la neige lui arrivait aux genoux;∎ unemployment is up to nearly 9 percent le (taux de) chômage atteint presque les 9 pour cent;∎ they cut expenses down to a minimum ils ont réduit les frais au minimum;∎ she can count (up) to one hundred elle sait compter jusqu'à cent;∎ it's accurate to the millimetre c'est exact au millimètre près;∎ it weighs 8 to 9 pounds ça pèse entre 8 et 9 livres;∎ moderate to cool temperatures des températures douces ou fraîches;∎ to live to a great age vivre jusqu'à un âge avancé(e) (so as to make contact with) à, contre;∎ she pinned the brooch to her dress elle a épinglé la broche sur sa robe;∎ they sat in bumper-to-bumper traffic ils étaient coincés pare-chocs contre pare-chocs;∎ they danced cheek to cheek ils dansaient joue contre joue;∎ he clutched the baby to his chest il a serré l'enfant contre luiB.∎ it's ten minutes to three il est trois heures moins dix;∎ we left at a quarter to six nous sommes partis à six heures moins le quart;∎ it's twenty to il est moins vingt;∎ how long is it to dinner? on dîne dans combien de temps?;∎ there are only two weeks to Christmas il ne reste que deux semaines avant Noël(b) (up to and including) (jusqu')à;∎ from Tuesday night to Thursday morning du mardi soir (jusqu')au jeudi matin;∎ from morning to night du matin au soir;∎ from March to June de mars (jusqu')à juin;∎ a nine-to-five job des horaires mpl de fonctionnaire;∎ it was three years ago to the day since I saw her last il y a trois ans jour pour jour que je l'ai vue pour la dernière fois;∎ to this day jusqu'à ce jour, jusqu'à aujourd'hui;∎ he was brave (up) to the last il a été courageux jusqu'au bout ou jusqu'à la fin;∎ from day to day de jour en jour;∎ I read it from beginning to end je l'ai lu du début (jusqu')à la fin;∎ from bad to worse de mal en pis;∎ I do everything from scrubbing the floor to keeping the books je fais absolument tout, depuis le ménage jusqu'à la comptabilitéC.∎ to talk parler;∎ to open ouvrir;∎ to answer répondre∎ she lived to be a hundred elle a vécu jusqu'à cent ans;∎ we are to complete the work by Monday nous devons finir le travail pour lundi;∎ she went on to become a brilliant guitarist elle est ensuite devenue une excellente guitariste;∎ I finally accepted, (only) to find that they had changed their mind lorsque je me suis décidé à accepter, ils avaient changé d'avis;∎ she turned round to find him standing right in front of her lorsqu'elle s'est retournée, elle s'est retrouvée nez à nez avec lui;∎ he left the house never to return to it again il quitta la maison pour ne plus y revenir;∎ he dared to speak out against injustice il a osé s'élever contre l'injustice;∎ you can leave if you want to vous pouvez partir si vous voulez;∎ why? - because I told you to pourquoi? - parce que je t'ai dit de le faire;∎ would you like to come? - we'd love to voulez-vous venir? - avec plaisir ou oh, oui!;∎ you ought to vous devriez le faire;∎ we shall have to il le faudra bien, nous serons bien obligés∎ I have a lot to do j'ai beaucoup à faire;∎ I have a letter to write j'ai une lettre à écrire;∎ that's no reason to leave ce n'est pas une raison pour partir;∎ I haven't got money to burn je n'ai pas d'argent à jeter par les fenêtres;∎ the first to complain le premier à se plaindre;∎ the house to be sold la maison à vendre;∎ there was not a sound to be heard on n'entendait pas le moindre bruit;∎ he isn't one to forget his friends il n'est pas homme à oublier ses amis;∎ that's the way to do it voilà comment il faut faire∎ I'm happy/sad to see her go je suis content/triste de la voir partir;∎ pleased to meet you enchanté (de faire votre connaissance);∎ difficult/easy to do difficile/facile à faire;∎ it was strange to see her again c'était bizarre de la revoir;∎ she's too proud to apologize elle est trop fière pour s'excuser;∎ he's old enough to understand il est assez grand pour comprendre(e) (after "how", "which", "where" etc)∎ do you know where to go? savez-vous où aller?;∎ he told me how to get there il m'a dit comment y aller;∎ can you tell me when to get off? pourriez-vous me dire quand je dois descendre?;∎ she can't decide whether to go or not elle n'arrive pas à décider si elle va y aller ou non(f) (indicating purpose) pour;∎ I did it to annoy her je l'ai fait exprès pour l'énerver;∎ to answer that question, we must… pour répondre à cette question, il nous faut…(g) (introducing statement) pour;∎ to be honest/frank pour être honnête/franc;∎ to put it another way en d'autres termes∎ oh, to be in England! ah, si je pouvais être en Angleterre!;∎ and to think I nearly married him! quand je pense que j'ai failli l'épouser!∎ unions to strike les syndicats s'apprêtent à déclencher la grève;∎ Russia to negotiate with Baltic States la Russie va négocier avec les pays BaltesD.(a) (indicating intended recipient, owner) à;∎ I showed the picture to her je lui ai montré la photo;∎ I showed it to her je le lui ai montré;∎ show it to her montrez-le-lui;∎ the person I spoke to la personne à qui j'ai parlé;∎ that book belongs to her ce livre lui appartient;∎ be kind to him/to animals soyez gentil avec lui/bon envers les animaux;∎ what's it to him? qu'est-ce que cela peut lui faire?;∎ it doesn't matter to her ça lui est égal;∎ did you have a room to yourself? avais-tu une chambre à toi ou pour toi tout seul?;∎ to keep sth to oneself garder qch pour soi;∎ I said to myself je me suis dit;∎ he is known to the police il est connu de la police(b) (in the opinion of) pour;∎ $2 is a lot of money to some people il y a des gens pour qui 2 dollars représentent beaucoup d'argent;∎ it sounds suspicious to me cela me semble bizarre;∎ it didn't make sense to him ça n'avait aucun sens pour lui∎ with a view to clarifying matters dans l'intention d'éclaircir la situation;∎ it's all to no purpose tout cela ne sert à rien ou est en vain∎ the light changed to red le feu est passé au rouge;∎ the noise drove him to distraction le bruit le rendait fou;∎ the rain turned to snow la pluie avait fait place à la neige;∎ her admiration turned to disgust son admiration s'est transformée en dégoût;∎ (much) to my relief/surprise/delight à mon grand soulagement/mon grand étonnement/ma grande joie;∎ (much) to my horror, I found the money was missing c'est avec horreur que je me suis rendu compte que l'argent avait disparu;∎ the meat was done to perfection la viande était cuite à la perfection;∎ smashed to pieces brisé en mille morceaux;∎ moved to tears ému (jusqu')aux larmes;∎ he was beaten to death il a été battu à mort;∎ they starved to death ils sont morts de faim;∎ the court sentenced him to death le juge l'a condamné à mort;∎ she rose rapidly to power elle est arrivée au pouvoir très rapidement;∎ she sang the baby to sleep elle a chanté jusqu'à ce que le bébé s'endorme∎ the answer to your question la réponse à votre question;∎ a hazard to your health un danger pour votre santé;∎ what's your reaction to all this? comment réagissez-vous à tout ça?;∎ no one was sympathetic to his ideas ses idées ne plaisaient à personne;∎ what would you say to a game of bridge? que diriez-vous d'un bridge?, si on faisait un bridge?;∎ that's all there is to it c'est aussi simple que ça;∎ there's nothing to it il n'y a rien de plus simple;∎ there's nothing or there isn't a lot to these cameras ils ne sont pas bien compliqués, ces appareils photos;∎ to services rendered (on bill) pour services rendus∎ there are 16 ounces to a pound il y a 16 onces dans une livre;∎ there are 6 francs to the dollar un dollar vaut 6 francs;∎ there are 25 chocolates to a box il y a 25 chocolats dans chaque ou par boîte;∎ one cup of sugar to every three cups of fruit une tasse de sucre pour trois tasses de fruits;∎ three is to six as six is to twelve trois est à six ce que six est à douze;∎ Milan beat Madrid by 4 (points) to 3 Milan a battu Madrid 4 (points) à 3;∎ I'll bet 100 to 1 je parierais 100 contre 1;∎ the odds are 1000 to 1 against it happening again il y a 1 chance sur 1000 que cela se produise à nouveau;∎ the vote was 6 to 3 il y avait 6 voix contre 3∎ how many miles do you get to the gallon? ≃ vous faites combien de litres au cent?∎ inferior to inférieur à;∎ they compare her to Callas on la compare à (la) Callas;∎ that's nothing (compared) to what I've seen ce n'est rien à côté de ce que j'ai vu;∎ inflation is nothing (compared) to last year l'inflation n'est rien à côté de ou en comparaison de l'année dernière;∎ as a cook she's second to none comme cuisinière on ne fait pas mieux;∎ to prefer sth to sth préférer qch à qch∎ the key to this door la clé de cette porte;∎ he's secretary to the director/to the committee c'est le secrétaire du directeur/du comité;∎ she's assistant to the president c'est l'adjointe du président;∎ the French ambassador to Algeria l'ambassadeur français en Algérie;∎ ambassador to the King of Thailand ambassadeur auprès du roi de Thaïlande;∎ she's interpreter to the president c'est l'interprète du président;∎ Susan, sister to Mary Susan, sœur de Mary;∎ he's been like a father to me il est comme un père pour moi∎ to his way of thinking, to his mind à son avis;∎ to hear him talk, you'd think he was an expert à l'entendre parler, on croirait que c'est un expert;∎ to my knowledge, she never met him elle ne l'a jamais rencontré (pour) autant que je sache;∎ it's to your advantage to do it c'est (dans) ton intérêt de le faire;∎ the climate is not to my liking le climat ne me plaît pas;∎ add salt to taste salez selon votre goût ou à volonté;∎ she made out a cheque to the amount of £15 elle a fait un chèque de 15 livres(k) (indicating accompaniment, simultaneity)∎ we danced to live music nous avons dansé sur la musique d'un orchestre;∎ in time to the music en mesure avec la musique∎ let's drink to his health buvons à sa santé;∎ (here's) to your health! à la vôtre!;∎ (here's) to the bride! à la mariée!;∎ to my family (in dedication) à ma famille;∎ his book is dedicated to his mother son livre est dédié à sa mère;∎ a monument to the war dead un monument aux mortsE.∎ add flour to the list ajoutez de la farine sur la liste;∎ add 3 to 6 additionnez 3 et 6, ajoutez 3 à 6;∎ in addition to Charles, there were three women en plus de Charles, il y avait trois femmes∎ to the power… à la puissance…;∎ 2 to the 3rd power, 2 to the 3rd 2 (à la) puissance 32 adverb∎ the wind blew the door to un coup de vent a fermé la porte∎ to come to revenir à soi, reprendre connaissance∎ to bring a ship to mettre un bateau en panne∎ to go to and fro aller et venir, se promener de long en large; (shuttle bus etc) faire la navette;∎ to swing to and fro se balancer d'avant en arrière -
113 Cousteau, Jacques-Yves
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 11 June 1910 Saint-André-de-Cubzac, France[br]French marine explorer who invented the aqualung.[br]He was the son of a country lawyer who became legal advisor and travelling companion to certain rich Americans. At an early age Cousteau acquired a love of travel, of the sea and of cinematography: he made his first film at the age of 13. After an interrupted education he nevertheless passed the difficult entrance examination to the Ecole Navale in Brest, but his naval career was cut short in 1936 by injuries received in a serious motor accident. For his long recuperation he was drafted to Toulon. There he met Philippe Tailliez, a fellow naval officer, and Frédéric Dumas, a champion spearfisher, with whom he formed a long association and began to develop his underwater swimming and photography. He apparently took little part in the Second World War, but under cover he applied his photographic skills to espionage, for which he was awarded the Légion d'honneur after the war.Cousteau sought greater freedom of movement underwater and, with Emile Gagnan, who worked in the laboratory of Air Liquide, he began experimenting to improve portable underwater breathing apparatus. As a result, in 1943 they invented the aqualung. Its simple design and robust construction provided a reliable and low-cost unit and revolutionized scientific and recreational diving. Gagnan shunned publicity, but Cousteau revelled in the new freedom to explore and photograph underwater and exploited the publicity potential to the full.The Undersea Research Group was set up by the French Navy in 1944 and, based in Toulon, it provided Cousteau with the Opportunity to develop underwater exploration and filming techniques and equipment. Its first aims were minesweeping and exploration, but in 1948 Cousteau pioneered an extension to marine archaeology. In 1950 he raised the funds to acquire a surplus US-built minesweeper, which he fitted out to further his quest for exploration and adventure and named Calypso. Cousteau also sought and achieved public acclaim with the publication in 1953 of The Silent World, an account of his submarine observations, illustrated by his own brilliant photography. The book was an immediate success and was translated into twenty-two languages. In 1955 Calypso sailed through the Red Sea and the western Indian Ocean, and the outcome was a film bearing the same title as the book: it won an Oscar and the Palme d'Or at the Cannes film festival. This was his favoured medium for the expression of his ideas and observations, and a stream of films on the same theme kept his name before the public.Cousteau's fame earned him appointment by Prince Rainier as Director of the Oceanographie Institute in Monaco in 1957, a post he held until 1988. With its museum and research centre, it offered Cousteau a useful base for his worldwide activities.In the 1980s Cousteau turned again to technological development. Like others before him, he was concerned to reduce ships' fuel consumption by harnessing wind power. True to form, he raised grants from various sources to fund research and enlisted technical help, namely Lucien Malavard, Professor of Aerodynamics at the Sorbonne. Malavard designed a 44 ft (13.4 m) high non-rotating cylinder, which was fitted onto a catamaran hull, christened Moulin à vent. It was intended that its maiden Atlantic crossing in 1983 should herald a new age in ship propulsion, with large royalties to Cousteau. Unfortunately the vessel was damaged in a storm and limped to the USA under diesel power. A more robust vessel, the Alcyone, was fitted with two "Turbosails" in 1985 and proved successful, with a 40 per cent reduction in fuel consumption. However, oil prices fell, removing the incentive to fit the new device; the lucrative sales did not materialize and Alcyone remained the only vessel with Turbosails, sharing with Calypso Cousteau's voyages of adventure and exploration. In September 1995, Cousteau was among the critics of the decision by the French President Jacques Chirac to resume testing of nuclear explosive devices under the Mururoa atoll in the South Pacific.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsLégion d'honneur. Croix de Guerre with Palm. Officier du Mérite Maritime and numerous scientific and artistic awards listed in such directories as Who's Who.Bibliography1953, The Silent World.1972, The Ocean World of Jacques Cousteau, 21 vols.Further ReadingR.Munson, 1991, Cousteau, the Captain and His World, London: Robert Hale (published in the USA 1989).LRD -
114 Ravenscroft, George
[br]b. 1632 Alconbury, Huntingdonshire, Englandd. 7 June 1683 Barnet, Hertfordshire, England[br]English inventor of lead-crystal glass.[br]George's father James was a successful lawyer and merchant, engaging in overseas trade.A devout but necessarily circumspect Catholic, James sent his sons to the English College at Douai, now in northern France. Leaving there in 1651, George began to learn his father's business and spent some fifteen years in Venice. He took an increasingly important part in it, doubtless dealing in Venice's leading products of lace and glass. By 1666 he was back in England and, perhaps because the supply of Venetian glass was beginning to decline, he started to manufacture glass himself. In 1673 he set up a glassworks in the Savoy in London and succeeded so well that in the following year he petitioned the King for the grant of a patent to make glassware. This was granted on 16 May 1674, stimulating the Glass Sellers' Company to enter into an agreement with Ravenscroft to buy the glassware he produced. Later in 1674 the company allowed Ravenscroft to establish a second glasshouse at Henley-onThames. At first his ware was beset with "crizzling", i.e. numerous fine surface cracks. The Glass Sellers probably urged Ravenscroft to cure this defect, and this he achieved in 1675 by replacing crushed flint with increasing amounts of lead oxide, rising finally to a content of 30 per cent. He thereby obtained a relatively soft, heavy glass with high refractive index and dispersive power. This made it amenable to deep cutting, to produce the brilliant prismatic effects of cut glass. At about the same time, the Duke of Buckingham, a considerable promoter of the glass industry, agreed that Ravenscroft should manage his works at Vauxhall for the making of plate glass for mirrors. Ravenscroft terminated his agreement with the Glass Sellers in 1678, the date of the last evidence of his activities as a maker of crystal glass, and the patent expired in 1681. His new glass had immediately rivalled the best Venetian crystal glass and has been a valued product ever since.[br]Further ReadingR.F.Moody, 1988, The life of George Ravenscroft', Glass Technology 29 (1):198–210;Glass Technology 30(5):191–2 (additional notes on his life).LRD -
115 figure
I[΄figə] n թիվ, թվանշան. double figures երկանիշ թվեր. exact/official ճշգրիտ/պաշտո նական թվեր. in round figures կլոր թվերով. figures թվաբանություն. be good at figures թվա բա նությունից ուժեղ լինել a high figure մեծ գումար. (պատկեր, ձև) figure skating ձևավոր չմշկասահք. (գծագիր) See figure 2 on page 5 Տե՛ս գծագիր /պատկեր 2, էջ5. (իրան, մարմին, կազմ վածք) beautiful/graceful/slim գեղեցիկ/վայելուչ/նրբագեղ կազմվածք. shapeless/ lithe/clumsy /flawed/ lean figure տձև/ ճկուն/ ծան րաշարժ, անշնորհք/թերակազմ, դեֆեկ տա վոր/նիհար կազմվածք. slight/neat/ bony/ plump/slender/stocky figure փխրուն/նրբագեղ/ոսկրոտ/թմբլիկ/բարեկազմ/ թիկ նավետ, ամուր կազմվածք. keep/watch one’s figure պահպանել կազմվածքը. հետևել կազմվածքին. a figure in the dark կերպարանք մթու թյան մեջ. (անձնավորություն, ակա նավոր դեմք) an outstanding/important figure ար տակարգ/կարևոր անձնավորություն/դեմք. public figure հասարակական գործիչ. historic(al) figure պատ մական դեմք. a figure of speech փոխ ա բերություն, պատկերավոր արտահայտություն. հռետորական դարձված. cut a figure տպավորություն թողնել. make a brilliant/poor figure հոյակապ/խղճուկ տեսք ունենալII[΄figə] v պատկերացնել. համարել, մտա ծել, հասկանալ. I can’t figure it out Ես դա չեմ կարող հասկանալ. That’s what we figured Մենք հենց այդպես էլ կարծում էինք. (հաշվել) figure out expenses ծախսերը հաշվել. figure on the list ցուցակում հանդես գալ/հի շատակ վել. (հույս ունենալ/կապել) figure on one’s arrival մեկի գալու հետ հույսեր կապել
См. также в других словарях:
brilliant cut — brilliant cut, adj. Jewelry. a cut intended to enhance the brilliance of a gem with the least possible sacrifice of weight, characterized by a form resembling two pyramids set base to base, truncated so as to give a broad table and a very small… … Universalium
brilliant cut — brilliant cut, adj. Jewelry. a cut intended to enhance the brilliance of a gem with the least possible sacrifice of weight, characterized by a form resembling two pyramids set base to base, truncated so as to give a broad table and a very small… … Useful english dictionary
brilliant-cut — ˈ ̷ ̷ ̷ ̷| ̷ ̷ adjective Etymology: brilliant (II) of a gem : cut in the form of a brilliant * * * brillˈiant cut adjective (of gems) cut in a many faceted form resembling two pyramids base to base, the upper one cut off square • • • Main Entry:… … Useful english dictionary
brilliant cut — bril′liant cut n. jew a cut intended to enhance the brilliance of a gem without sacrificing weight, characterized by a form resembling two pyramids set base to base and typically having 58 facets Compare emerald cut marquise 3), a) • Etymology:… … From formal English to slang
brilliant cut — noun a circular cut for gemstones in the form of two many faceted pyramids joined at their bases, the upper one truncated near its apex … English new terms dictionary
Brilliant (diamond cut) — A brilliant is a diamond or other gemstone, cut in a particular form with numerous facets so as to have especial brilliancy. The shape resembles that of a cone and is meant to maximize light return through the top of the diamond.Even with modern… … Wikipedia
Cut (gems) — See also: Diamond cut When a gemstone is desired to be used in jewelry, it is cut depending on the size and shape of the rough, as well as the desired piece of jewelry to be made. As a rule of thumb, a cut gemstone will reduce the mass (described … Wikipedia
brilliant — brilliantly, adv. brilliantness, n. /bril yeuhnt/, adj. 1. shining brightly; sparkling; glittering; lustrous: the brilliant lights of the city. 2. distinguished; illustrious: a brilliant performance by a young pianist. 3. having or showing great… … Universalium
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Brilliant — may refer to:*Brilliant (diamond cut), a form of cutting a diamond *HMS Brilliant , eight ships of the British Royal Navy *Brilliant, Alabama, a town in the United States of America *Brilliant, Ohio, a town in the United States of America… … Wikipedia