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'scapegoat

  • 1 ἀποπομπαῖος

    -α,-ον A 2-0-0-0-0=2 Lv 16,8.10
    carrying away (evil) (of the scapegoat); *Lv 16,8 τῷ ἀποπομπαίῳ to the one who carries away-אזל for MT עזאזל/ל to Azazel, see also Lv 16,10; neol.
    Cf. HARLÉ 1988, 151-152

    Lust (λαγνεία) > ἀποπομπαῖος

  • 2 περίψημα

    A anything wiped off, offscouring, of a vile person (or scapegoat), 1 Ep.Cor.4.13, Phot.; π. σου your humble servant, CIL8.12924 ([place name] Carthage), LW 2493 ([place name] Syria), Classical Studies in honor of J.C.Rolfe 318 ([place name] Ostia) ; peripsuma su (sic), Dessau ILS 5725 ([place name] Brixia).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > περίψημα

  • 3 φαρμακός

    φαρμακός [v. ad fin.], ὁ,
    A one sacrificed or executed as an atonement or purification for others, scapegoat, Hippon.5, al., Ar.Ra. 733 (troch.), Ister 33; and, since criminals were reserved for this fate, a general name of reproach, Ar.Eq. 1405, Lys.6.53, Call. in Διηγήσεις ii 29, D. 25.80. [[pron. full] ᾱ Hippon. and Call., [pron. full] ᾰ Ar.Eq. l.c.; on the accent v. Hdn. Gr.1.150;

    φαρμᾶκος Did.

     ap. Harp.]

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > φαρμακός

  • 4 ἀποπομπαῖος

    A carrying away evil, of the scapegoat, LXX Le.16.8sq., Ph.1.338, al.;

    ἀ.θεοί Hsch.

    II to be cast out, abominable, Ph.1.238.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἀποπομπαῖος

  • 5 κραδάω

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `swing, brandish', midd. `tremble, be agitated'; κραδεύειν H. as explanation of κραδαίνειν (Hom.)
    Other forms: only ptc. κραδάων; κραδαίνω (Il.)
    Derivatives: κράδη f. `spray at the end of branches, twig, esp. of figs' (IA., Hes. Op. 681) with ἀπο-κράδιος `plucked from a fig' (AP), ἀπο-κραδίζω `pluck from a fig' (Nic.); also ` diseased formation of small shoots in a tree' with κραδάω `have κράδη' (Thphr.; cf. Strömberg Theophrastea 195); also name of a machine, that shows actors hovering in the air (Poll. 4, 128, H.). Also κράδος `blight in figtrees' (Thphr. HP 4, 14, 4), after Thphr. l. c. also name of the twig. - κραδησίτης φαρμακός ( 'scapegoat'), ὁ ταῖς κράδαις βαλλόμενος H. (cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 242 n. 29); κραδίης m. `prepared with fig-twigs, provided with...' (H., Hippon.); κραδιαῖος `connected with...' (Orph.); κράδαλοι κλάδοι H. κραδαλός `trembling' (Eust.).
    Origin: XX [etym. unknown]
    Etymology: On κραδευταί s. κρατευταί. That κράδη and κράδος with κραδάω (to which κραδαίνω as enlargement) belong together, seems certain; their relation however can be interpreted in different ways. Prob. κραδάω is a denomin., whereby for κράδη an original meaning `the swinging' can be assumed, what agrees well with the meanings `crown (of a tree)' and ` suspension-machine' (Fraenkel Denom. 19f.). Or κραδάω is as zero grade iterative derived from a lost primary verb (cf. Schwyzer 719 Mom. 4, Leumann Lat. Gramm.317c) to which κράδη, - ος is a backformation. Diff. (hardly correct) Schwyzer 682 and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 356: κραδάω old (orig. athematic) root present. - [Hardly here κόρδᾱξ, a dance.] Hypothetical combinations in W.-Hofmann s. cardō, Pok. 934; s. also Fraenkel Lit. et. Wb. s. (pa)-kìrsti. - A very old root noun to κραδάω is supposed by SchulzeKZ 57, 75 = Kl. Schr. 217 in the IE word for `heart', Gr. κῆρ.
    Page in Frisk: 2,1-2

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κραδάω

  • 6 κεφαλή

    κεφαλή, ῆς, ἡ (Hom.+) gener. ‘head’.
    ① the part of the body that contains the brain, head
    ⓐ of humans, animals, and transcendent beings. Humans: Mt 5:36 (on swearing by the head s. Athen. 2, 72, 66c; Test12Patr; PGM 4, 1917; cp. Juvenal, Satires 6, 16f); 6:17; 14:8, 11; 26:7; 27:29f; Mk 6:24f, 27f; 14:3; 15:19; Lk 7:46; J 13:9; 19:2; 20:7; 1 Cor 11:4b (JMurphy-O’Connor, CBQ 42, ’80, 485 [lit.] ‘his head’=‘himself’), 5ab, 7, 10; 12:21; Rv 18:19 (cp. Josh 7:6; La 2:10); 1 Cl 37:5; 56:5 (Ps 140:5); B 13:5 (Gen 48:14); Hm 11:20; Papias (3:2 [not g and h]); GJs 2:4; 9:1; AcPl Ha 11, 1.—Animals: B 7:8 (of the scapegoat Lev 16; cp. vs. 21).—In apocal. presentations in connection w. human figures: Rv 1:14; 4:4; 9:7 12:1; 14:14; 19:12; w. animals: 9:7, 17, 19; 12:3 (s. δράκων); 13:1, 3; 17:3, 7, 9 (cp. Ael. Aristid. 50, 50 K.=26 p. 517 D.: ὤφθη τὸ ἕδος [of Asclepius] τρεῖς κεφαλὰς ἔχον. A person sees himself in a dream provided with a plurality of heads Artem. 1, 35 p. 37, 14: δύο ἔχειν κεφαλὰς ἢ τρεῖς. Also the many-headed dog Cerberus of the underworld in Hesiod, Theog. 311 al. as well as Heraclit. Sto. 33 p. 49, 14); Hv 4, 1, 6; 10; of angels Rv 10:1.—The hair(s) of the head (Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 223) Mt 10:30; Lk 7:38, 44 v.l.; 12:7; 21:18; Ac 27:34. τὴν κ. κλίνειν lay down the head to sleep Mt 8:20; Lk 9:58. Sim. J 19:30 (s. Hdb. ad loc.). κινεῖν τὴν κ. (s. κινέω 2a) Mt 27:39; Mk 15:29; 1 Cl 16:16 (Ps 21:8); ἐπαίρειν τὴν κ. (s. ἐπαίρω 1) Lk 21:28; shear the head, i.e. cut the hair as a form of a vow Ac 21:24; cp. 18:18. Of baptism ἔκχεον εἰς τὴν κεφαλὴν τρὶς ὕδωρ D 7:3. Of the anointing of Jesus’ head IEph 17:1. κατὰ κεφαλῆς ἔχειν have (someth.) on the head (s. κατά A 1a) 1 Cor 11:4a; also w. specification of object ἐπὶ w. gen. Rv 14:14; Hv 4, 1, 10; or εἰς 4, 3, 1. ἐπάνω τῆς κ. above his head Mt 27:37. Also πρὸς τῇ κ. J 20:12. (ἀστὴρ) ἔστη ἐπὶ τὴν κ. τοῦ παιδίου GJs 21:3 (cp. Mt 2:9).—Well-known expr. fr. the OT: ἄνθρακας πυρὸς σωρεύειν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. τινος Ro 12:20 (s. ἄνθραξ). A curse-formula: τὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ὑμῶν your blood be on your own heads (s. αἷμα 2a and cp. Demosth., Ep. 4, 10 τ. ἄδικον βλασφημίαν εἰς κεφαλὴν τῷ λέγοντι τρέπουσι; 6, 1; Maximus Tyr. 5, 1d; Aesop, Fab. 206 P.=372 H./313 Ch./222 H-H. ὸ̔ θέλεις σὺ τούτοις ἐπὶ τῇ σῇ κεφαλῇ γένοιτο; Phalaris, Ep. 102 εἰς κεφαλὴν σοί τε καὶ τῷ σῷ γένει)=you are responsible for your own destruction Ac 18:6; cp. GPt 5:17.
    ⓑ in imagery οὐκ ἔκλινας τὴν κ. σου ὑπὸ τὴν κραταιὰν χεῖραν you have not bowed your head under the mighty hand (of God) GJs 15:4. Of pers. (Plut., Galba 1054 [4, 3] G. as κ. ἰσχυρῷ σώματι, namely of the Galatian territories) Christ the κ. of the ἐκκλησία thought of as a σῶμα Col 1:18; cp. 2:19 (Artem. 2, 9 p. 92, 25 ἡ κεφαλὴ ὑπερέχει τοῦ παντὸς σώματος; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 215 ἡ κεφαλὴ συνέχει πᾶν τὸ σῶμα); Christ and Christians as head and members ITr 11:2. (SBedale, JTS 5, ’54, 211–15; New Docs 3, 45f [lit.]; not ‘source’: JFitzmyer, NTS 35, ’89, 503–11.) S. mng. 2a.
    ② a being of high status, head, fig. (of Asclepius IG II2, 4514, 6; in gnostic speculation: Iren. 1, 5, 3 [Harv. I 45, 13]. ὁ μέγας ἄρχων, ἡ κ. τοῦ κόσμου Hippol., Ref. 7, 23, 3).
    ⓐ in the case of living beings, to denote superior rank (cp. Artem. 4, 24 p. 218, 8 ἡ κ. is the symbol of the father; Judg 11:11; 2 Km 22:44) head (Zosimus of Ashkelon [500 A.D.] hails Demosth. as his master: ὦ θεία κεφαλή [Biogr. p. 297]) of the father as head of the family Hs 7, 3; of the husband in relation to his wife 1 Cor 11:3b; Eph 5:23a. Of Christ in relation to the Christian community Eph 4:15; 5:23b. But Christ is the head not only of the body of Christians, but of the universe as a whole: κ. ὑπὲρ πάντα Eph 1:22, and of every cosmic power κ. πάσης ἀρχῆς καὶ ἐξουσίας the head of all might and power Col 2:10. The divine influence on the world results in the series (for the growing distance from God with corresponding results cp. Ps.-Aristot. De Mundo 6, 4): God the κ. of Christ, Christ the κ. of man, the man the κ. of the woman 1 Cor 11:3cab (s. on γυνή 1). JFitzmyer, Int 47, ’93, 52–59.
    ⓑ of things the uppermost part, extremity, end, point (Pappus of Alex., mathematician [IV A.D.] in the 8th book [ed. CGerhardt 1871 p. 379 τῇ κεφαλῇ τοῦ κοχλίου=at the point of the screw; Judg 9:25; En 17:2; Jos., Bell. 2, 48, Ant. 3, 146; oft. pap of plots of ground) κ. γωνίας the cornerstone (so M‘Neile, Mt ad loc.; REB ( main) corner-stone, and w. proper omission of the alternative rendering at 1 Pt 2:7 in NEB mg.; the cornerstone thus forms the farthest extension [cp. PFlor 50, 83] of the corner, though JJeremias, Αγγελος I 1925, 65–70, ZNW 29, 1930, 264–80, TW IV 277–79 thinks of it as the capstone above the door; so also OMichel, TW IV 892, V 129 [difft. 151]; KSchelkle, RAC I 233f; RMcKelvey, NTS 8, ’62, 352–59 [lit. 353 n. 1–3]. S. HGressmann, PJ 6, 1910, 38–45; GWhitaker, Exp. 8th ser., 22, 1921, 470ff. For another view s. lit. s.v. ἀκρογωνιαῖος) Mt 21:42; Mk 12:10; Lk 20:17 (on these three pass. s. JDerrett, TU 102, ’68, 180–86); Ac 4:11; 1 Pt 2:7 (Selwyn ad loc.: “extremity and not height is the point connoted”); B 6:4 (all Ps 117:22).—κ.= capital (city) (Appian, Illyr. 19 §54) Ac 16:12 D (but ‘frontier city’ AClark, Acts of the Apostles ’33, 362–65 and JLarsen, CTM 17, ’46, 123–25).—B. 212. Schmidt, Syn. I 361–69. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κεφαλή

  • 7 περίψημα

    περίψημα, ατος, τό (Vi. Aesopi G 35 P.; from περιψάω= ‘wipe all around, wipe clean’) that which is removed by the process of cleansing, dirt, off-scouring (Jer 22:28 Sym.) πάντων περίψημα the off-scouring of all things 1 Cor 4:13. But reflection on the fact that the removal of the περίψ. cleanses the thing or the pers. to which (whom) it was attached, has given the word the further mng. ransom, scapegoat, sacrifice (cp. Tob 5:19. Hesychius equates it w. περικατάμαγμα [cp. καταμάσσω ‘wipe off’] and ἀντίλυτρα, ἀντίψυχα. Photius p. 425, 3 explains περίψ. w. ἀπολύτρωσις and then continues, referring to the custom of making a human sacrifice every year for the benefit of the rest of the people [s. on this Ltzm. and JWeiss on 1 Cor 4:13]: οὕτως ἐπέλεγον τῷ κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ἐμβαλλομένῳ τῇ θαλάσσῃ νεανίᾳ ἐπʼ ἀπαλλαγῇ τῶν συνεχόντων κακῶν• περίψημα ἡμῶν γενοῦ• ἤτοι σωτηρία καὶ ἀπολύτρωσις. καὶ οὕτως ἐνέβαλον τῇ θαλάσσῃ ὡσανεὶ τῷ Ποσειδῶνι θυσίαν ἀποτιννύντες ‘in this wise they spoke over the young man who was being cast into the sea in accordance with annual custom for deliverance from afflictions: “Be our means of cleansing; in truth, our salvation and deliverance.” And so they cast him into the sea, a sacrificial payment in full, as it were, to Poseidon.’). But it must also be observed that περίψ. had become more and more a term of polite self-depreciation, common enough in everyday speech (Dionys. of Alex. in Eus., HE 7, 22, 7 τὸ δημῶδες ῥῆμα. S. also the grave-inscription [in WThieling, D. Hellenismus in Kleinafrika 1911, p. 34] in which a wife says w. reference to her deceased husband ἐγώ σου περίψημα τῆς καλῆς ψυχῆς); the sense would then be someth. like most humble servant. So certainly in περίψ. τοῦ σταυροῦ IEph 18:1. But prob. also 8:1; B 4:9; B 6:5 (s. HVeil: EHennecke, Hdb. zu den ntl. Apokryphen 1904, 218; also JToutain, Nouvelles Études ’35, 144–46).—Frisk s.v. ψῆν. M-M. TW. Spicq.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > περίψημα

  • 8 φάρμακος

    φάρμακος, ου, ὁ (LXX; other edd. ός; on the accent and differentiation fr. φαρμακός ‘scapegoat’ [Hipponax et al.] see L-S-J-M under both words, w. ref. to Herodian, Gr. I, 150; s. PKatz, TLZ 82, ’57, 112, The Text of the Septuagint ’73, 95; B-D-F §13; φάρ. is masc. Ex 7:11; fem. Mal 3:5; so also Orig., C. Cels. 5, 38, 38 w. μάγοι). In our lit. only masc.
    ① one skilled in arcane uses of herbs or drugs, prob. poisoner Hv 3, 9, 7ab, but w. implication of the role described in 2 next:
    ② one who does extraordinary things through occult means, sorcerer, magician (Ex 7:11; 9:11 al.; SibOr 3, 225) Rv 21:8 (s. φαρμακεύς); 22:15.—L-S-J-M s.v. fails to differentiate mng. in LXX pass. listed after a series of glosses.—For a vivid poetic description of a sorcerer’s procedures s. Horace, Epodes 5.—DELG s.v. φάρμακον C. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > φάρμακος

  • 9 ἐμπτύω

    ἐμπτύω fut. ἐμπτύσω; 1 aor. ἐνέπτυσα; 1 fut. pass. ἐμπτυσθήσομαι (s. πτύω; Hdt. et al.; pap, LXX) spit on/at τινί someone (cp. Aristot. in Aelian, VH 1, 15; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 103g, 2 Jac.; Ps.-Callisth. 1, 18, 9) Mk 10:34; 14:65; 15:19. ταῖς ὄψεσί τινος spit in someone’s face GPt 3:9. εἴς τινα Mt 27:30. εἰς τὸ πρόσωπόν τινος (Herodas 5, 76; Plut., Mor. 189a; PMagd 24, 7 [=PEnteux 79, 7; 218 B.C.]; Num 12:14; TestZeb 3:4) Mt 26:67. Abs. spit upon of a scapegoat B 7:8f. Pass. be spit upon (Musonius 10 p. 52 H.) Lk 18:32.—DELG s.v. πτύω. TW. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἐμπτύω

См. также в других словарях:

  • scapegoat — Ⅰ. scapegoat UK US /ˈskeɪpgəʊt/ noun [C] ► a person or thing that is blamed for something bad that someone else has done: »Politicians have used the financial sector as a scapegoat for the global economic crisis. Ⅱ. scapegoat UK US /ˈskeɪpɡəʊt/… …   Financial and business terms

  • scapegoat — ► NOUN 1) a person who is blamed for the wrongdoings or mistakes of others. 2) (in the Bible) a goat sent into the wilderness after the Jewish chief priest had symbolically laid the sins of the people upon it (Leviticus, chapter 16). ► VERB ▪… …   English terms dictionary

  • scapegoat — [skāp′gōt΄] n. [coined by TYNDALE William (1530) < SCAPE2 + GOAT, prob. from LL(Vulg.) caper emissarius, lit., emissary goat, transl. of Gr(Ec) tragos aperchomenos, departing goat, used as transl. of Heb sair laazazel < sair, he goat + l,… …   English World dictionary

  • Scapegoat — Scape goat , n. [Scape (for escape) + goat.] 1. (Jewish Antiq.) A goat upon whose head were symbolically placed the sins of the people, after which he was suffered to escape into the wilderness. Lev. xvi. 10. [1913 Webster] 2. Hence, a person or… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • scapegoat — (n.) 1530, goat sent into the wilderness on the Day of Atonement, symbolic bearer of the sins of the people, coined by Tyndale from SCAPE (Cf. scape) (n.) + GOAT (Cf. goat) to translate L. caper emissarius, itself a translation in Vulgate of… …   Etymology dictionary

  • scapegoat — [n] person who takes blame for another’s action boob*, chump, doormat*, dupe, easy mark*, fall guy*, fool, goat*, gull*, mark*, patsy, pigeon*, pushover*, sacrifice, sap*, schmuck*, sitting duck*,  stooge, sucker, victim, weakling; concept 412 …   New thesaurus

  • Scapegoat — 16.The scapegoat is attested in two ritual texts in archives at Ebla of the 24th century BCE. [Ida Zatelli, The Origin of the Biblical Scapegoat Ritual: The Evidence of Two Eblaite Text , Vetus Testamentum 48.2 (April 1998:254 263).] They were… …   Wikipedia

  • scapegoat — I UK [ˈskeɪpˌɡəʊt] / US [ˈskeɪpˌɡoʊt] noun [countable] Word forms scapegoat : singular scapegoat plural scapegoats someone who is blamed for something that is not their fault, especially because someone else wants to avoid being blamed scapegoat… …   English dictionary

  • scapegoat — 1. noun /ˈskeɪpˌɡoʊt,ˈskeɪpˌɡəʊt/ a) In the Mosaic Day of Atonement ritual, a goat symbolically imbued with the sins of the people, and sent out alive into the wilderness while another was sacrificed. He is making me a scapegoat. b) Someone… …   Wiktionary

  • scapegoat — /skayp goht /, n. 1. a person or group made to bear the blame for others or to suffer in their place. 2. Chiefly Biblical. a goat let loose in the wilderness on Yom Kippur after the high priest symbolically laid the sins of the people on its head …   Universalium

  • scapegoat — scape|goat1 [ skeıp,gout ] noun count someone who is blamed for something that is not their fault, especially because someone else wants to avoid being blamed: scapegoat for: She is being made a scapegoat for the commission s own mistakes.… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

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