vratam

verbum, ī, n. (Wz. *wer, *wre [erweitert *wer-dh] sagen, altind. vratám, Gebot, Satzung, griech. εἴρω [aus Ϝερjω], ῥημα, Wort [aus Ϝρημα], gotisch waúrd, ahd. wort), das Wort, der Ausdruck, im Plur. die Worte, Ausdrücke, die Rede, I) im allg.: a) übh.: v. durum, abiectum, inquinatum, Cic.: pudet dicere hāc praesente verbum turpe, Ter.: graviore enim verbo uti non licet, um keinen härteren Ausdruck zu gebrauchen (als Parenthese), Cic.: istuc verbum, dieser dein Ausdruck, Ter.: verbum ipsum voluptatis, das Wort »Lust«, Cic.: videtis hoc uno verbo unde significari res duas et ex quo loco et a quo loco, Cic.: in verbis ac nominibus ipsis erat diligens, Cic. – verba (Ausdrücke) mutare, Suet.: dolorem isdem verbis afficere quibus Epicurus, mit denselben Prädikaten belegen, Cic.: verba quaedam (gewisse Formeln) componere, Cic.: in alcis verba iurare, jmdm. den Eid leisten, Curt. – ullum verbum facere (vorbringen, sprechen), nisi quod etc., Plaut.: u. so numquam quoiquam nostrûm verbum fecit, Ter.: numquam hodie tecum commutaturum patrem unum esse verbum, kein Wort (des Vorwurfs) wechseln wird, Ter.: ut est ille bonus vir, tria non commutabitis verba hodie inter vos, Ter.: verbum numquam in publico facere, öffentlich sprechen, einen Vortrag halten, Cic.: de quo ego verbum feci numquam, ich habe über ihn nie ein Wort verloren, Cic.: cum ille verbum facere omnino non potuerit, kein Wort vorbringen konnte, Cic.: u. so verba facere, sowohl übh. = sprechen, schwatzen, Plaut., als insbes. v. Redner = den Sprecher machen, das Wort nehmen, sprechen, reden, einen Vortrag halten, absol., Cic. u.a., apud regem, Nep., pro alqo, Cic., de alqo, de alqa re, Cic.: si is postem aedium tenuisset et pauca verba fecisset, einige Worte (die Einweihungsformel) dazu gesprochen hätte, Cic.: verba secum facere, ein Selbstgespräch halten, Diom. 491, 26: verba facere m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Sall. Iug. 33, 4; 38, 9. u.ö.: haec pactio non verbis (mündliche Versicherung), sed nominibus et perscriptionibus facta est, Cic.: multis verbis ultro citroque habitis, Reden, Cic. – ille (dies) nefastus erit, per quem tria verba silentur, die drei Worte (do, dico, addico, ich erteile das Klagrecht, spreche Recht, spreche zu), v. Prätor, Ov. fast. 1, 47 (vgl. Varro LL. 6, 30. Macr. sat. 1, 16, 14): u. so verba libera praetor habet, Ov. fast. 1, 52. – Sprichw., verba facere mortuo, zu einem Toten (= vergeblich) reden, Plaut. Poen. 840: verba fiunt mortuo, das sind vergebliche Worte, Ter. Phorm. 1015. – b) Bes. Verbindungen: α) verbo, αα) = durch ein einziges Wort, verbo de sententia destitisti, auf ein W. von mir, Cic.: verbo expedi, mit einem einzigen W., Ter. – ββ) mündlich (Ggstz. scripturā), C. Furnio plura verbo quam scrip turā mandata dedimus, Planc. in Cic. ep. 10, 8, 5: cui verbo mandabo, quid etc., Vulc. Gallic. Avid. Cass. 10. § 10. – β) uno verbo, mit einem Worte = um es mit einem Worte auszudrücken, -zu sagen (wenn man verschiedene genannte Teile od. Einzelbegriffe in ein Ganzes od. in einen Kollektivbegriff zusammenfaßt), si iecur aut pulmones, uno verbo omnia sana faciet, Cato: ut uno verbo complectar, diligentia, Cic.: uno verbo die quid est, Ter.: oloquar uno verbo; mittin me intro? Plaut. – γ) verbis, durch (bloße) Worte, Ggstz. re (durch die Tat), Ter. Andr. 824 u. Phorm. 164: ebenso Ggstz. opere (durch die Tat), Cic. de amic. 72. – δ) ad verbum, e verbo, de verbo, pro verbo, aufs Wort, wörtlich, genau, somnium mirifice ad verbum cum re convenit, Cic.: ad verbum ediscere, Cic.: fabellas Latinas ad verbum de Graecis exprimere, wörtlich übersetzen, Cic.: u. so exprimere verbum e verbo, Cic., od. de verbo, Ter.: reddere verbum pro verbo, Cic., od. verbum verbo, Hor.: id esset verbum e verbo, wörtlich, Cic. – ε) verbi causā od. gratiā, beispielsweise, zum Beispiel, si quis verbi causā oriente Caniculā natus est, Cic.: ut propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratiā propter voluptatem, nos amemus, Cic. – ζ) meis, tuis, alcis verbis, in meinem, deinem, in jmds. Namen, für mich, dich, für jmd., si uxori tuae meis verbis eris gratulatus, Cic.: anulum, quem ego militi darem tuis verbis, Plaut.: denuntiatum Fabio senatus verbis, ne etc., Cic. – η) quid verbis opus est? was bedarf es der Worte? Ter.: so auch quid multa verba (sc. faciam)? was soll ich viele Worte machen, kurz, Ter. – θ) te tribus verbis volo! nur auf drei (auf ein paar) Worte! = ich will nur ein paar W. mit dir sprechen, Plaut. trin. 963: so auch paucis verbis te volo, Plaut. mil. 375. – ι) bona verba, quaeso! nur gnädig! nur gemach! Ter. Andr. 204.

II) prägn.: A) die bloße Rede, das leere Wort, der Schein, verba sunt! Ter.: existimatio, decus, infamia verba sunt atque ineptiae, Cic.: cum hoc verbo atque simulatione Apronio, revera tibi obiectum esset, Cic.: in quibus (civitatibus) verbo sunt liberi omnes, dem Worte nach, Cic.: alci dare verba, leere Worte bieten = etwas aufbinden, anführen, hintergehen, überlisten, betrügen, hinters Licht führen, täuschen, ein Schnippchen schlagen, Komik., Cic. u.a.; vgl. Spengel Ter. Andr. 211.

B) Plur. verba, Witze, Späße, quibus sunt verba sine penu ac pecunia, die spaßreich sind, aber arm an Geld u. Proviant, Plaut. capt. 472.

C) kollektiv, das Wort, der Ausdruck, a) übh. = der Ausspruch, die Äußerung, illud mihi verbum non placet, Plaut.: quod verbum audio! Ter.: quod verbum in pectus Iugurthae altius, quam quisquam ratus erat, descendit, Sall. Iug. 11, 7. – b) derSpruch, Sinnspruch, das Sprichwort, verum est verbum, quod memoratur, ubi amici, ibi opus, Plaut.: nam vetus verbum hoc quidem est, communia esse amicorum inter se omnia, Ter.

D) als gramm. t.t., das Verbum, das Zeitwort, verba temporalia, Varro LL.: vocabula et verba, ut homo et equus, et legit et currit, Varro LL.: ut sententiae verbis finiantur, Cic.: – / Genet. Plur. verbûm, zB. verbûm paucûm, Enn. ann. 246: unum quodque istorum verbûm, Plaut. asin. 153: bes. in der Verbindung verbûm sat est, Plaut. Bacch. 878; rud. 866; truc. 644. – vulg. Nbff. berbum, Corp. inscr. Lat. 10, 410, 6. – verbus, Itala (Cant.) Luc. 4, 32. Itala (Brix.) Ioh. 4, 50 u.ö., s. Rönsch Itala p. 266.

dhṛi

Dhātup. XXII, 3 ; Ā. Pot. dhareran ĀpṠr.,
but more commonly in the same sense the Caus. form dhārayati, - te (perf. P. dǍdhā́ra, - dhártha
Impv. dadhartu AV. Paipp. ;
Ā. dadhré, 3. pl. - dhriré RV. etc. etc.;
aor. adhāram R. ;
adhṛita, dhṛithās AV. ;
ádīdharat RV. etc. etc. < dīdhar, didhṛitam, - ta RV. ;
3. pl. - rata ṠBr. >;
adārshīt Gr.;
fut. dharishyati MBh. ;
- shyé AV. ;
dhartā BhP. ;
inf. dhartum Kāv., - tavai Br. < dhartári seeﾠ under - ṭri>;
ind. p. dhṛitvā, - dhṛitya Br.) to hold, bear ( alsoﾠ bring forth), carry, maintain, preserve, keep, possess, have, use, employ, practise, undergo RV. etc. etc.;
(with orﾠ scil. ātmānam, jīvitam, prāṇān, deham, ṡarīram etc.) to preserve soul orﾠ body, continue living, survive MBh. Kāv. etc. (esp. fut. dharishyati;
cf. Pass. below);
to hold back, keep down, stop, restrain, suppress, resist Br. MBh. Kāv. etc.:
to place orﾠ fix in, bestow orﾠ confer on (loc.) RV. AV. Br. etc.;
destine for (dat.;
Ā. alsoﾠ to be destined for orﾠ belong to) RV. ;
present to (gen.) Kāraṇḍ. ;
to direct orﾠ turn (attention, mind, etc.) towards, fix orﾠ resolve upon (loc. orﾠ dat.) Up. Yājñ. MBh. ;
Ā. to be ready orﾠ prepared for ṠBr. ;
P. Ā. to owe anything (acc.) to (dat. orﾠ gen.) MBh. (cf. Pāṇ. 1-4, 35);
to prolong (in pronunciation) AitBr. RPrāt. ;
to quote, cite L. ;
(with garbham) to conceive, be pregnant (older - bham-bhṛi) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
(with daṇḍam) to inflict punishment on (loc.) MBh. R. BhP. ( alsoﾠ damam);
(with keṡān, orﾠ ṡmaṡru) to let the hair orﾠ beard grow MBh. ;
(with raṡmīn < ib. > orﾠ praharān < Ṡak. >) to draw the reins tight;
(with dharamam) to fulfil a duty R. ;
(with vratám) to observe orﾠ keep a vow RV. etc. etc.;
(with dhāraṇām) to practise self-control Yājñ. ;
(wit. ipas) to perform penance BhP. ;
(with mūrdhnā orﾠ - dhni, ṡirasā orﾠ - si) to bear on the head, honour highly Kāv. ;
(with orﾠ scil. tulayā) to hold in a balance, weigh, measure MBh. Kāv. etc.;
(with orﾠ scil. manasā) to bear in mind, recollect, remember ib. ;
(with samaye) to hold to an agreement, cause to make a compact Pañc. I, 125/126 ( B. dṛishṭvā for dhṛitvā):
Pass. dhriyáte (ep. alsoﾠ - yati;
pf. dadhré etc. = Ā.;
aor. adhāri) to be borne etc.;
so be firm, keep steady RV. etc. etc.;
continue living, exist, remain Br. MBh. Kāv. etc. ( alsoﾠ dhāryate R.);
to begin, resolve upon, undertake (dat.;
acc. orﾠ inf.) AV. ṠBr. ChUp.:
Caus. dhāráyati, - te seeﾠ above:
Desid. didhīrshati ( seeﾠ - shā), didharishate Pāṇ. 7-2, 75 ;
didhārayishati, to wish to keep up orﾠ preserve ( ātmānam) Gobh. III, 5, 30:
Intens. dárdharti ( RV.) andﾠ dādharti (3. pl. - dhrati TS. ;
cf. Pāṇ. 7-4, 65)
to hold fast, bear firmly, fasten
+ cf. Zd. dar
Gk. θρόνος, θρᾶνος, θρήσασθαι;
Lat. frē-tus, frē-num.>

bharad-vāja

N. of a Ṛishi (with the patr. Bārhaspatya, supposed author of RV. VI, 1-30; 37-43; 53-74; IX, 67. 1-3; X, 137, 1,
andﾠ Purohita of Diva-dāsa, with whom he is perhaps identical;
Bharad is alsoﾠ considered as one of the 7 sages andﾠ the author of a law-book) RV. etc. etc.
(- jasyaa-dāra-sṛit andﾠ a-dāra-sṛitau, arkau, upahavau,
gādham, nakāni, priṡninī, prāsāham, bṛihat, maukshe,
yajñâ̱yajñīyam, lomanī, vāja-karmīyam, vāja-bhṛit,
vishamāṇi, vratam, sundhyuḥ andﾠ saindhukshitāni
N. of Sāmans ArshBr.);
of an Arhat Buddh. ;
of a district Pāṇ. 4-2, 145 ;
of an Agni MBh. ;
of various authors Cat. ;
pl. the race orﾠ family of Bharad-vāja RV. ;
-gārga-pariṇaya-pratishedha-vādâ̱rtha m. N. of wk.;
- dhanvantari m. N. of a divine being ṠāṇkhGṛ. ;
- pravraska n. N. of AV. II, 12 ;
- prādur-bhāva m. N. of ch. of Bhpr. ;
- ṡikshā f. - saṉhitā f. - sūtra n. - smṛiti f. N. of wks.

víshṇu

although Vishṇu comes second in the triad he is identified with the supreme deity by his worshippers;
in the Vedic period, however, he is not placed in the foremost rank, although he is frequently invoked with other gods <esp. with Indra whom he assists in killing Vṛitra andﾠ with whom he drinks the Soma juice;
cf. his later names Indrânuja andﾠ Upêndra>;
as distinguished from the other Vedic deities, he is a personification of the light andﾠ of the sun, esp. in his striding over the heavens, which he is said to do in three paces
< seeﾠ tri-vikrama andﾠ cf. bali, vāmana>, explained as denoting the threefold manifestations of light in the form of fire, lightning, andﾠ the sun, orﾠ as designating the three daily stations of the sun in his rising, culminating, andﾠ setting;
Vishṇu does not appear to have been included at first among the Ādityas <q.v.>, although in later times he is accorded the foremost place among them;
in the Brāhmaṇas he is identified with sacrifice, andﾠ in one described as a dwarf;
in the Mahā-bhārata andﾠ Rāmayaṇa he rises to the supremacy which in some places he now enjoys as the most popular deity of modern Hindū worship;
the great rivalry between him andﾠ Ṡiva <cf. vaishṇava andﾠ ṡaiva> is not fully developed till the period of the Purāṇas:
the distinguishing feature in the character of the Post-vedic Vishṇu is his condescending to become incarnate in a portion of his essence on ten principal occasions, to deliver mankind from certain great dangers <cf. avatāra andﾠ IW. 327 >;
some of the Purāṇas make 22 incarnations, orﾠ even 24, instead of 10;
the Vaishṇavas regard Vishṇu as the supreme being, andﾠ often identify him with Nārāyaṇa, the personified Purusha orﾠ primeval living spirit <described as moving on the waters, reclining on Ṡesha, the serpent of infinity, while the god Brahmā. emerges from a lotus growing from his navel;
cf. Manu I, 10 >;
the wives of Vishṇu are Aditi andﾠ Sinīvālī, later Lakshmī orﾠ Ṡrī andﾠ even Sarasvatī;
his son is Kāma-deva, god of love, andﾠ his paradise is called Vaikuṇṭha;
he is usually represented with a peculiar mark on his breast called Ṡrī-vatsa, andﾠ as holding a ṡaṅkha, orﾠ conch-shell called Pāñcajanya, a cakra orﾠ quoit-like missile-weapon called Su-darṡana, a gadā orﾠ club called Kaumodakī andﾠ a padma orﾠ lotus;
he has alsoﾠ a bow called Ṡārṇga, andﾠ a sword called Nandaka;
his vāhana orﾠ vehicle is Garuḍa q.v.;
he has a jewel on his wrist called Syamantaka, another on his breast called Kaustubha, andﾠ the river Ganges is said to issue from his foot;
the demons slain by him in his character of « preserver from evil»,
orﾠ by Kṛishṇa as identified with him, are Madhu, Dhenuka, Cāṇūra, Yamala, andﾠ Arjuna < seeﾠ yamalâ̱rjuna>, Kāla-nemi, Haya-grīva, Ṡakaṭa, Arishṭa, Kaiṭabha, Kaṇsa, Keṡin, Mura, Ṡālva, Mainda, Dvi-vida, Rāhu, Hiraṇya-kaṡipu, Bāṇa, Kāliya, Naraka, Bali;
he is worshipped under a thousand names, which are all enumerated in MBh. XIII, 6950-7056 ;
he is sometimes regarded as the divinity of the lunar mansion called Ṡravaṇa) RV. etc. etc. (cf. RTL. 44 IW. 324);
N. of the month Caitra VarBṛS. ;
(with prājāpatya) of the author of RV. X, 84 ;
of a son of Manu Sāvarṇa andﾠ Bhautya MārkP. ;
of the writer of a law-book Yājñ. ;
of the father of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇi L. ;
( alsoﾠ with gaṇaka, kavi, daivajña, paṇḍita, bhaṭṭa, miṡra, yatî ̱ndra, vājapeyin, ṡāstrin etc.) of various authors andﾠ others Inscr. Cat. ;
= agni L. ;
= vasu-devatā L. ;
= ṡuddha L. ;
f. N. of the mother of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇi L. ;
n. pl. (in a formula) ĀpṠr. ;
( vishṇor with apamarṇam, ājya-doham, vratam;
<oḥ> sāma, svarīyaḥ N. of Sāmans;
with shoḍaṡa-nāma-stotram, anusmṛitiḥ, ashṭāviṉṡati-nāma-stotram, andﾠ mahā-stutiḥ N. of wks.)
- विष्णुऋक्ष
- विष्णुकन्द
- विष्णुकरण
- विष्णुकवच
- विष्णुकाञ्ची
- विष्णुकान्ती
- विष्णुकान्तीतीर्थ
- विष्णुकुतूहल
- विष्णुकोशल
- विष्णुक्रम
- विष्णुक्रमीय
- विष्णुक्रान्त
- विष्णुक्रान्ति
- विष्णुक्षेत्र
- विष्णुगङ्गा
- विष्णुगाथा
- विष्णुगायत्री
- विष्णुगुप्त
- विष्णुगुप्तक
- विष्णुगूढ
- विष्णुगृह
- विष्णुगोपवर्मन्
- विष्णुगोल
- विष्णुग्रन्थि
- विष्णुचक्र
- विष्णुचन्द्र
- विष्णुचित्त
- विष्णुज
- विष्णुजामल
- विष्णुजामातृ
- विष्णुतत्त्व
- विष्णुतन्त्र
- विष्णुतर्पण
- विष्णुतर्पणविधि
- विष्णुतिथि
- विष्णुतीर्थ
- विष्णुतीर्थीयव्याख्यान
- विष्णुतुल्यपराक्रम
- विष्णुतैल
- विष्णुतोषिणी
- विष्णुत्रिशती
- विष्णुत्व
- विष्णुदत्त
- विष्णुदत्तक
- विष्णुदास
- विष्णुदेव
- विष्णुदेवत्य
- विष्णुदैवत
- विष्णुदैवत्य
- विष्णुद्वादशनामस्तोत्र
- विष्णुद्विष्
- विष्णुद्वीप
- विष्णुधर्म
- विष्णुधर्मन्
- विष्णुधारा
- विष्णुध्यानस्तोत्रादि
- विष्णुनदी
- विष्णुनाममाहात्म्यसंग्रह
- विष्णुनाममाहात्मरत्नस्तोत्र
- विष्णुनीराजन
- विष्णुन्यङ्ग
- विष्णुपञ्चक
- विष्णुपञ्चकव्रतकथा
- विष्णुपञ्जर
- विष्णुपति
- विष्णुपत्नी
- विष्णुपद
- विष्णुपद्धति
- विष्णुपरायण
- विष्णुपर्णिका
- विष्णुपादादिकेशान्तस्तुति
- विष्णुपुत्र
- विष्णुपुर्
- विष्णुपुर
- विष्णुपुराण
- विष्णुपुराणक
- विष्णुपूजन
- विष्णुपूजा
- विष्णुप्रतिमासम्प्रोक्षणविधि
- विष्णुप्रतिष्ठा
- विष्णुप्रतिष्ठापद्धति
- विष्णुप्रिया
- विष्णुप्रीति
- विष्णुब्रह्ममहेश्वरदानप्रयोग
- विष्णुभ
- विष्णुभक्त
- विष्णुभक्ति
- विष्णुभगवतपुराण
- विष्णुभुजंग
- विष्णुभुजंगस्तोत्र
- विष्णुभुजंगी
- विष्णुमत्
- विष्णुमन्त्र
- विष्णुमन्दिर
- विष्णुमय
- विष्णुमहिमन्
- विष्णुमानस
- विष्णुमाया
- विष्णुमाहात्म्य
- विष्णुमाहात्म्यपद्धति
- विष्णुमित्र
- विष्णुमुख
- विष्णुयन्त्रप्रकरण
- विष्णुयशस्
- विष्णुयाग
- विष्णुयागप्रयोग
- विष्णुयामल
- विष्णुयामलतन्त्र
- विष्णुयामिल
- विष्णुरथ
- विष्णुरहस्य
- विष्णुराज
- विष्णुरात
- विष्णुराम
- विष्णुरामसिद्धान्तवागीश
- विष्णुलहरी
- विष्णुलिङ्गी
- विष्णुलोक
- विष्णुवत्
- विष्णुवर्णनध्यानादि
- विष्णुवर्धन
- विष्णुवर्मन्
- विष्णुवल्लभ
- विष्णुवाहन
- विष्णुवाह्य
- विष्णुविग्रहशंसनस्तोत्र
- विष्णुविजय
- विष्णुवृद्ध
- विष्णुव्रतकल्प
- विष्णुशक्ति
- विष्णुशतनामस्तोत्र
- विष्णुशयनबोधदिन
- विष्णुशर्मन्
- विष्णुशिला
- विष्णुशृङ्खल
- विष्णुश्राद्ध
- विष्णुश्राद्धपद्धति
- विष्णुश्रुत
- विष्णुषट्पदी
- विष्णुसंहिता
- विष्णुसमुच्चय
- विष्णुसरस्
- विष्णुसरस्तीर्थ
- विष्णुसर्वजन
- विष्णुसर्वज्ञ
- विष्णुसहस्रनामन्
- विष्णुसिंह
- विष्णुसिद्धान्त
- विष्णुसिद्धान्तलीलावती
- विष्णुसूक्त
- विष्णुसूत्र
- विष्णुस्तव
- विष्णुस्तवराज
- विष्णुस्तुति
- विष्णुस्तोत्र
- विष्णुस्मृति
- विष्णुस्वरूपध्यानादिवर्णन
- विष्णुस्वामिन्
- विष्णुहरि
- विष्णुहारदेव
- विष्णुहिता
- विष्णुहृदय
- विष्णुहृदयस्तोत्र

vrāta

vrā́ta

páñcavrā́tās, the five races of men), association, guild RV. etc. etc.;
the company orﾠ attendants at a marriage feast W. ;
= manushya Naigh. II, 3 ;
the descendant of an out-caste Brāhman etc. (= vrātya) L. ;
n. manual orﾠ bodily labour, day-labour ib.