vanity

• Vanity of vanities, all is vanity

* * *

* * *

* * *

* * *

nothingness, worthlessness, vanity.

ambĭtĭo, ōnis, f. [ambio], a going round.

In the time of the republic, t. t. (v. ambio, II. B.), the going about of candidates for office in Rome, and the soliciting of individual citizens for their vote, a canvassing, suing for office (by just and lawful means;

while ambitus denotes unlawful means, as bribery, threats, etc.): quid de nostris ambitionibus loquar?

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62:

mea me ambitio ab omni illā cogitatione abstrahebat,

id. Sull. 4:

cum ambitionis nostrae tempora postulabant,

id. Planc. 18, 45:

si infinitus forensium rerum labor et ambitionis occupatio decursu honorum etiam aetatis flexu constitisset,

id. de Or. 1, 1, 1:

hic magistratus a populo summā ambitione contenditur,

id. Verr. 2, 53, 131:

tanta exarsit ambitio, ut primores civitatis prensarent homines,

Liv. 3, 35, 1 et saep.—

A.. In gen., a striving for one's favor or good-will; an excessive desire to please, flattery, adulation:

ambitione labi,

Cic. Brut. 69, 244:

sive aliquā suspitione sive ambitione adducti,

id. Clu. 28, 76:

in Scipione ambitio major, vita tristior,

id. Off. 1, 30, 108 Heus., Beier, and Gernh.: Dionysius Platonem magnā ambitione Syracusas perduxit, in an ostentatious manner, for the purpose of securing his favor, Nep. Dion, 2, 2 Br. and Dähn.:

ambitio (i.e. studium Fabiis placendi) obstabat,

Liv. 5, 36:

ambitione relegatā,

without flattery, Hor. S. 1, 10, 84: ambitionem scriptoris facile averseris, obtrectatio et livor pronis auribus accipiuntur, Tac. H. 1, 1:

nullo officii aut ambitionis genere omisso, i.e. nullis blanditiis,

Suet. Oth. 4:

coronas quam parcissime et sine ambitione tribuit,

id. Aug. 25 et saep.—Hence, also partiality:

jus sibi per ambitionem dictum non esse,

Liv. 3, 47.—

With the predom. idea of the purpose or end, a desire for honor, popularity, power, display, etc.; in bon. part., ambition; in mal. part., vanity. —So in Lucr. of the ambitious efforts of men:

Angustum per iter luctantes ambitionis,

struggling to press through the narrow way of ambition, Lucr. 5, 1132:

me ambitio quaedam ad honorum studium duxit,

Cic. Att. 1, 17:

Miserrima omnino est ambitio honorumque contentio,

id. Off. 1, 25:

a quo incepto studioque me ambitio mala detinuerat,

Sall. C. 4, 2:

aut ab avaritiā aut miserā ambitione laborat,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 26:

Vitā solutorum miserā ambitione gravique,

id. ib. 1, 6, 129; so id. ib. 2, 3, 78;

2, 6, 18: inanis,

id. Ep. 2, 2, 207:

levis,

Ov. F. 1, 103 al.:

licet ipsa vitium sit ambitio, tamen frequenter causa virtutum est,

Quint. 1, 2, 22:

perversa,

id. 10, 7, 20:

funerum nulla ambitio,

no display, pomp, Tac. G. 27.—

Great exertion:

cum admitti magnā ambitione aegre obtinuisset,

Just. 1, 3.—

That which surrounds (v. ambio, 2.;

postclass. for ambitus): vimineos alveos circumdant ambitione tergorum bubulorum,

with a wrapping of cowhide, Sol. 22:

fuliginem ambitio extimae cutis cohibet,

id. 35: ita assedimus, ut me ex tribus medium lateris ambitione protegerent, Min. Oct. 4.

ambītus, a, um, Part. of ambio.

ambĭtus, ūs, m. [ambio].

Lit. A going round, a moving round about, a revolution:

cum se octo ambitus ad idem caput rettulerint,

Cic. Tim. 9:

aquae per amoenos ambitus agros,

Hor. A. P. 17 (cf. ambio, II. A.):

alligata mutuo ambitu (i. e. amplexu) corpora,

Petr. 132:

ambitu breviore luna currit quam sol,

Plin. 2, 23, 21, § 86:

saeculorum,

Tac. A. 6, 28:

verborum (i. e. ambages),

Suet. Tib. 71.—

Transf.

Abstr. pro concr., a circuit, circle, circumference, periphery, edge of a circular object:

ambitus parmae,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 4:

folia ambitu serrato,

id. 25, 6, 30, § 66:

castra lato ambitu,

Tac. A. 1, 61; 4, 49:

ambitus lacus,

Suet. Claud. 21.— Trop., of discourse, periphrasis, circumlocution, = ambages:

multos circa unam rem ambitus facere,

Liv. 27, 27.—Hence, the open space left round a house:

ambitus est quod circumeundo teritur,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 22 Müll.:

P. Scaevola id solum esse ambitus aedium dixerit, quo etc.,

Cic. Top. 4: ambitus proprie dicitur inter vicinorum aedificia locus duorum pedum et semipedis ad circumeundi facultatem relictus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 16 Müll. —Also, the small space around sepulchres, Dig. 47, 12, 5.—

An unlawful striving for posts of honor, or canvassing for office; esp. by bribery (cf. ambitio, I.), prohibited by the Lex Calpurnia, Caecilia, Fabia, Julia, Licinia, Tullia de ambitu, against bribery, corruption, etc.:

legem ambitus flagitāsti,

Cic. Mur. 23:

punire ambitum,

id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sall. C. 18, 2 Kritz:

accusare aliquem ambitus,

Cic. Clu. 41:

deferre nomen alicujus de ambitu,

id. Cael. 31:

interrogare aliquem legibus ambitus,

Sall. C. 18, 2:

damnatus ambitus,

Cic. Clu. 41:

condemnare de ambitu,

Suet. Caes. 41 al.:

effusae ambitus largitiones,

Nep. Att. 6.—

In gen., the desire to make a display, ostentation, vanity, show, parade:

relinque ambitum: tumida res est vana, ventosa,

Sen. Ep. 84:

proprius quidam intellegendi ambitus,

Quint. 12, 10, 3.—Of speech, bombastic fulness, parade:

imagine et ambitu rerum,

Quint. 10, 1, 16 Fr.; id. Decl. 4 fin. —

In rhet., a period:

comprehensio et ambitus ille verborum (si sic periodum appellari placet),

Cic. Brut. 44, 162; id. Or. 12; so id. ib. 50.

bulla, ae, f. [root vhal-; Gr. phal-; cf. phallos, phullon], any object swelling up, and thus becoming round; hence,

A waterbubble, bubble:

ut pluvio perlucida caelo Surgere bulla solet,

Ov. M. 10, 734:

crassior,

Mart. 8, 33, 18; Plin. 31, 2, 8, § 12; App. M. 4, p. 145, 7.—Hence,

Trop., a bubble, trifle; vanity:

si est homo bulla, eo magis senex,

Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 1; Petr. 42, 4.—

A boss, knob (upon a door, etc.):

jussine in splendorem dari bullas has foribus nostris?

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 20:

bullas aureas ex valvis, auferre,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 56, § 124 (by such door-studs fortunate or unfortunate days were designated, Petr. 30, 4).—

A stud in a girdle:

notis fulserunt cingula bullis Pallantis pueri,

Verg. A. 12, 942; 9, 359; Aus. Cup. Cruc. 49; Prud. Psych. 476.—

The head of a pin in the water-clock, Vitr. 9, 6, 9 sq.—

Esp., the bulla, a kind of amulet worn upon the neck ( mostly of gold), orig. an ornament of the Roman triumphers, in imitation of the Tuscan kings and Lucumones (Plut. Romul. 25;

Fest. s. v. sardi, p. 252), but in the more brilliant era of the Romans worn by noble youths,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 152 (cf. Ascon. in h. l., acc. to whom bullae of leather were hung upon the necks of the children of freedmen);

it was laid aside when they arrived at maturity, and consecrated to the Lares,

Pers. 5, 30; cf.:

Lares bullati,

Petr. 60, 8; acc. to Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 10, first hung by Tarquinius Priscus upon the neck of his son; cf. also Macr. S. 1, 6, 9 sqq.; Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 127; Liv. 26, 36, 5; Prop. 4 (5), 1, 131; Suet. Caes. 84; Flor. 2, 6, 24.—From the Etruscan custom, called Etruscum aurum, Juv. 5, 163.—Hence the phrase bullā dignus for childish:

senior bullā dignissime,

Juv. 13, 33.—It was also hung upon the forehead of favorite animals, Ov. M. 10, 114.

ĭnānis, e, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. 2. in-], empty, void (opp. plenus; freq. and class.).

Physically:

cum vas inane dicimus, non ita loquimur ut physici, quibus inane esse nihil placet, sed ita, ut verbi causa sine aqua, sine vino, sine oleo vas esse dicamus,

Cic. Fat. 11, 24:

aqualis inanis (opp. plena),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41:

tune inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita completa et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

quae spatium pleno possint distinguere inane,

Lucr. 1, 527:

domum ejus exornatam et instructam, fere jam iste reddiderat nudam atque inanem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 84:

granum inane cassumque,

Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 161:

quae (naves) inanes ad eum remitterentur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23, 4; so,

naves (opp. onustae),

id. B. C. 3, 8, 3; 3, 40, 4; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131; cf.:

inde navigia inania et vacua hinc plena et onusta mittantur,

Plin. Pan. 31, 4:

lagenae,

Cic. Fam. 16, 26, 2:

mensa,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 26:

vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existimes,

without a burden, id. Am. 1, 1, 174; cf.:

ego bajulabo: tu, ut decet dominum, ante me ito inanis,

id. As. 3, 3, 70:

janitor ad dantes vigilet: si pulset inanis Surdus, etc.,

emptyhanded, without presents, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 47:

hic homo est inanis,

without money, without fortune, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 44; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 2; id. Trin. 3, 2, 75:

misera in civitate et inani,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160:

egentes inanesque discedere,

id. ib. 2, 2, 9, § 25 fin.:

structores ad frumentum profecti inanes redierunt,

id. Att. 14, 3, 1; cf. id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

equus,

without a rider, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; cf.:

quid, quod omnes consulares... simul atque assedisti partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt?

id. Cat. 1, 7, 16:

absint inani funere neniae,

without a corpse, Hor. C. 2, 20, 21:

parasitus,

unfed, hungry, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 78:

venter,

hungry, Hor. S. 1, 6, 127; cf.:

siccus, inanis Sperne cibum vilem,

id. ib. 2, 2, 14:

quod inani sufficit alvo,

Juv. 5, 7:

laeva,

without rings, Hor. S. 2, 7, 9:

litterae,

empty, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 1:

paleae,

empty, light, Verg. G. 3, 134:

nubila,

id. ib. 4, 196:

venti,

id. A. 6, 740: tum ebur ex inani corpore extractum (a transl. of the Platon. apoleloipotos psuchên sômatos), lifeless, dead, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 Mos.:

corpus,

Ov. H. 15, 116; id. Am. 3, 9, 6; cf.

in the foll.: vulgus,

i. e. the shades, Stat. Th. 1, 93; cf.

umbra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25:

imago,

id. F. 5, 463:

regna Ditis,

Verg. A. 6, 269:

Tartara,

Ov. M. 11, 670: leo, a lion ' s hide, Stat. Th. 1, 483; so,

tigris,

id. ib. 6, 722:

vultus,

i. e. blind, Sen. Phoen. 43: Gaurus, i. e. hollow (an extinct volcano), Juv. 9, 57. —

With abl., gen., or ab (the last rare):

nulla epistula inanis aliqua re utili,

Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1:

Agyrinensis ager centum septuaginta aratoribus inanior est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121:

sanguinis atque animi pectus inane,

Ov. H. 3, 60:

corpus animae,

id. M. 13, 488; 2, 611; Prop. 3, 18 (4, 17), 32:

lymphae dolium,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 26:

pectus deorum,

Sil. 2, 309: inanis a marsupio, Prud. steph. 2, 104. —

Subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., an empty space, a void (most freq. in Lucr.):

scilicet hoc id erit vacuum quod inane vocamus,

Lucr. 1, 439:

namque est in rebus inane,

id. 1, 330 sq.; cf. id. 1, 569; 2, 236:

ita nullum inane, nihil esse individuum potest,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 65:

plus esse inanis,

Lucr. 1, 365:

inani,

ib. 524:

inane,

id. 1, 369; 426; 507;

514 et saep.: ad inane naturae,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13:

per inane,

through the air, Lucr. 1, 1018; 2, 65 et saep.; Verg. E. 6, 31; id. A. 12, 906; Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 169 et saep.— Abl.:

inani,

Lucr. 1, 742; 1009:

ab inani,

id. 1, 431:

in inani,

id. 1, 1078; 2, 122:

sine inani,

id. 1, 510; 532; 538:

per inania,

id. 1, 223; Ov. M. 2, 506.

Trop.

In gen., empty, useless, worthless, vain, unprofitable:

aures ipsae, quid plenum, quid inane sit judicant,

Cic. Brut. 8, 34:

quod honestum nos et laudabile esse dicamus, id illi cassum quiddam et inani vocis sono decoratum esse dicant,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 119; cf.:

honesti inane nomen esse,

id. Ac. 2, 22, 71:

sin vera visa divina sunt, falsa autem et inania humana,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127:

voces inanes fundere,

id. Tusc. 3, 18, 42; cf.

elocutio,

id. de Or. 1, 6, 20:

damnatus inani judicio,

Juv. 1, 47:

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 32:

verba,

id. 8, 2, 17; 9, 3, 100; cf.

verborum torrenti,

id. 10, 7, 23:

crimen,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 177:

o inanes nostras contentiones!

id. de Or. 3, 2, 7:

o spes fallaces et cogitationes inanes meae!

id. Mil. 34, 94; cf.:

inani et tenui spe te consolaris,

id. Rosc. Com. 14, 42:

spes,

Verg. A. 10, 627:

religio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

delectari multis inanibus rebus, ut gloriā, etc.,

id. Lael. 14, 49; 23, 86:

cupiditates,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 46:

causas nequidquam nectis inanes,

Verg. A. 9, 219:

minae,

Hor. Epod. 6, 3:

tempus inane peto, requiem spatiumque furori,

vacant, leisure, Verg. A. 4, 433; so,

ternpora (with morae),

Val. Fl. 3, 657: tempora, in prosody, i. q. the Gr. kenos chronos, the use of a short syllable for a long one, Quint. 9, 4, 51 Spald.—

With gen.:

omnia plena consiliorum, inania verborum,

poor in words, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37:

quae inanissima prudentiae reperta sunt,

id. Mur. 12, 26.—

Of persons, vain, worthless, petty:

Graii,

Lucr. 1, 639:

homo inanis et regiae superbiae,

Sall. J. 64, 5:

imagines, quibus inanissimi homines serviunt,

Lact. 2, 17, 8:

inanes Hoc juvat,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 76; Liv. 45, 23, 16; Lucr. 1, 639:

hi pressi et integri, contra inflati illi et inanes,

Quint. 12, 10, 16; cf.:

illud vero pusilli animi et inanis,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

non negaverim totam Asiae regionem inaniora parere ingenia,

Liv. 45, 23, 16.—

As subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., that which is empty or vain; emptiness, vanity, inanity:

o curas hominum! o quantum est in rebus inane!

Pers. 1, 1:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113.— Plur.:

dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet,

id. A. P. 230:

inaina famae,

idle reports, Tac. A. 2, 76:

inania belli,

id. ib. 2, 69.—Hence, adv.: ĭnānĭter, vainly, idly, uselessly:

exsultare,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13:

moveri,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 47; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 34:

pectus angere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 211:

medicas exercet inaniter artes,

Ov. M. 2, 618.

ĭnānis, e, adj. [etym. dub.; cf. 2. in-], empty, void (opp. plenus; freq. and class.).

Physically:

cum vas inane dicimus, non ita loquimur ut physici, quibus inane esse nihil placet, sed ita, ut verbi causa sine aqua, sine vino, sine oleo vas esse dicamus,

Cic. Fat. 11, 24:

aqualis inanis (opp. plena),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41:

tune inane quicquam putes esse, cum ita completa et conferta sint omnia, ut, etc.,

Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125:

quae spatium pleno possint distinguere inane,

Lucr. 1, 527:

domum ejus exornatam et instructam, fere jam iste reddiderat nudam atque inanem,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 34, § 84:

granum inane cassumque,

Plin. 18, 17, 45, § 161:

quae (naves) inanes ad eum remitterentur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 23, 4; so,

naves (opp. onustae),

id. B. C. 3, 8, 3; 3, 40, 4; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131; cf.:

inde navigia inania et vacua hinc plena et onusta mittantur,

Plin. Pan. 31, 4:

lagenae,

Cic. Fam. 16, 26, 2:

mensa,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 26:

vix incedo inanis, ne ire posse cum onere existimes,

without a burden, id. Am. 1, 1, 174; cf.:

ego bajulabo: tu, ut decet dominum, ante me ito inanis,

id. As. 3, 3, 70:

janitor ad dantes vigilet: si pulset inanis Surdus, etc.,

emptyhanded, without presents, Prop. 4 (5), 5, 47:

hic homo est inanis,

without money, without fortune, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 44; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 2; id. Trin. 3, 2, 75:

misera in civitate et inani,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160:

egentes inanesque discedere,

id. ib. 2, 2, 9, § 25 fin.:

structores ad frumentum profecti inanes redierunt,

id. Att. 14, 3, 1; cf. id. Off. 3, 2, 6:

equus,

without a rider, id. Verr. 2, 2, 66, § 160; cf.:

quid, quod omnes consulares... simul atque assedisti partem istam subselliorum nudam atque inanem reliquerunt?

id. Cat. 1, 7, 16:

absint inani funere neniae,

without a corpse, Hor. C. 2, 20, 21:

parasitus,

unfed, hungry, Plaut. Stich. 1, 3, 78:

venter,

hungry, Hor. S. 1, 6, 127; cf.:

siccus, inanis Sperne cibum vilem,

id. ib. 2, 2, 14:

quod inani sufficit alvo,

Juv. 5, 7:

laeva,

without rings, Hor. S. 2, 7, 9:

litterae,

empty, Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 1:

paleae,

empty, light, Verg. G. 3, 134:

nubila,

id. ib. 4, 196:

venti,

id. A. 6, 740: tum ebur ex inani corpore extractum (a transl. of the Platon. apoleloipotos psuchên sômatos), lifeless, dead, Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 Mos.:

corpus,

Ov. H. 15, 116; id. Am. 3, 9, 6; cf.

in the foll.: vulgus,

i. e. the shades, Stat. Th. 1, 93; cf.

umbra,

Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 25:

imago,

id. F. 5, 463:

regna Ditis,

Verg. A. 6, 269:

Tartara,

Ov. M. 11, 670: leo, a lion ' s hide, Stat. Th. 1, 483; so,

tigris,

id. ib. 6, 722:

vultus,

i. e. blind, Sen. Phoen. 43: Gaurus, i. e. hollow (an extinct volcano), Juv. 9, 57. —

With abl., gen., or ab (the last rare):

nulla epistula inanis aliqua re utili,

Cic. Att. 2, 8, 1:

Agyrinensis ager centum septuaginta aratoribus inanior est,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 52, § 121:

sanguinis atque animi pectus inane,

Ov. H. 3, 60:

corpus animae,

id. M. 13, 488; 2, 611; Prop. 3, 18 (4, 17), 32:

lymphae dolium,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 26:

pectus deorum,

Sil. 2, 309: inanis a marsupio, Prud. steph. 2, 104. —

Subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., an empty space, a void (most freq. in Lucr.):

scilicet hoc id erit vacuum quod inane vocamus,

Lucr. 1, 439:

namque est in rebus inane,

id. 1, 330 sq.; cf. id. 1, 569; 2, 236:

ita nullum inane, nihil esse individuum potest,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 65:

plus esse inanis,

Lucr. 1, 365:

inani,

ib. 524:

inane,

id. 1, 369; 426; 507;

514 et saep.: ad inane naturae,

Plin. 30, 1, 4, § 13:

per inane,

through the air, Lucr. 1, 1018; 2, 65 et saep.; Verg. E. 6, 31; id. A. 12, 906; Plin. 8, 43, 68, § 169 et saep.— Abl.:

inani,

Lucr. 1, 742; 1009:

ab inani,

id. 1, 431:

in inani,

id. 1, 1078; 2, 122:

sine inani,

id. 1, 510; 532; 538:

per inania,

id. 1, 223; Ov. M. 2, 506.

Trop.

In gen., empty, useless, worthless, vain, unprofitable:

aures ipsae, quid plenum, quid inane sit judicant,

Cic. Brut. 8, 34:

quod honestum nos et laudabile esse dicamus, id illi cassum quiddam et inani vocis sono decoratum esse dicant,

id. Tusc. 5, 41, 119; cf.:

honesti inane nomen esse,

id. Ac. 2, 22, 71:

sin vera visa divina sunt, falsa autem et inania humana,

id. Div. 2, 62, 127:

voces inanes fundere,

id. Tusc. 3, 18, 42; cf.

elocutio,

id. de Or. 1, 6, 20:

damnatus inani judicio,

Juv. 1, 47:

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 32:

verba,

id. 8, 2, 17; 9, 3, 100; cf.

verborum torrenti,

id. 10, 7, 23:

crimen,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 177:

o inanes nostras contentiones!

id. de Or. 3, 2, 7:

o spes fallaces et cogitationes inanes meae!

id. Mil. 34, 94; cf.:

inani et tenui spe te consolaris,

id. Rosc. Com. 14, 42:

spes,

Verg. A. 10, 627:

religio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 15 fin.:

delectari multis inanibus rebus, ut gloriā, etc.,

id. Lael. 14, 49; 23, 86:

cupiditates,

id. Fin. 1, 13, 46:

causas nequidquam nectis inanes,

Verg. A. 9, 219:

minae,

Hor. Epod. 6, 3:

tempus inane peto, requiem spatiumque furori,

vacant, leisure, Verg. A. 4, 433; so,

ternpora (with morae),

Val. Fl. 3, 657: tempora, in prosody, i. q. the Gr. kenos chronos, the use of a short syllable for a long one, Quint. 9, 4, 51 Spald.—

With gen.:

omnia plena consiliorum, inania verborum,

poor in words, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37:

quae inanissima prudentiae reperta sunt,

id. Mur. 12, 26.—

Of persons, vain, worthless, petty:

Graii,

Lucr. 1, 639:

homo inanis et regiae superbiae,

Sall. J. 64, 5:

imagines, quibus inanissimi homines serviunt,

Lact. 2, 17, 8:

inanes Hoc juvat,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 76; Liv. 45, 23, 16; Lucr. 1, 639:

hi pressi et integri, contra inflati illi et inanes,

Quint. 12, 10, 16; cf.:

illud vero pusilli animi et inanis,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 7:

non negaverim totam Asiae regionem inaniora parere ingenia,

Liv. 45, 23, 16.—

As subst.: ĭnāne, is, n., that which is empty or vain; emptiness, vanity, inanity:

o curas hominum! o quantum est in rebus inane!

Pers. 1, 1:

inane abscindere soldo,

Hor. S. 1, 2, 113.— Plur.:

dum vitat humum, nubes et inania captet,

id. A. P. 230:

inaina famae,

idle reports, Tac. A. 2, 76:

inania belli,

id. ib. 2, 69.—Hence, adv.: ĭnānĭter, vainly, idly, uselessly:

exsultare,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 6, 13:

moveri,

id. Ac. 2, 15, 47; cf. id. ib. 2, 11, 34:

pectus angere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 211:

medicas exercet inaniter artes,

Ov. M. 2, 618.

irrĭtus ( inr-), a, um, adj. [2. inratus], invalid.

Lit.

Undecided, unfixed, void, of no effect:

quod modo erat ratum, irritum est,

Ter. Phorm, 4, 7, 58:

testamentum irritum facere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109:

testamentum pro irrito habere,

Suet. Tib. 51; Gai. Inst. 2, 146 sq.; Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 14:

injurias rescindere et irritas facere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

quaeque augur injusta, nefasta, vitiosa, dira, defixerit, inrita infectaque sunto,

id. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

omnia ab iis acta,

Vell. 2, 43, 1:

pacta,

Sil. 6, 696:

Tiberii voluntas,

Suet. Calig. 14:

somnia,

of no significance, id. Aug. 91:

Remus aves irritas habuit,

Gell. 13, 14.—

Vain, useless, without effect, ineffectual:

ingrata atque irrita esse omnia intellego,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 10:

inceptum,

Liv. 29, 35; 24, 19:

dona,

Verg. G. 4, 519:

tela,

id. A. 2, 459:

moenia,

Ov. M. 12, 587:

labor anni,

id. ib. 1, 273; Quint. 12, 1, 13:

verba,

Ov. R. Am. 286:

tua dicta factaque,

Cat. 30, 10:

spes,

Liv. 22, 20; Stat. Th. 10, 45:

oblivio,

Liv. 28, 29:

lingua (Cassandrae),

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 66:

remedium,

Tac. H. 4, 81:

preces,

Plin. Pan. 26:

ova,

fruitless, infertile, Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 160.—

Transf., of persons, that does or undertakes a thing in vain, to no purpose, without effect.

With gen.:

irritus legationis,

Tac. H. 4, 32:

consilii,

Vell. 2, 63, 2:

propositi,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 3 [p. 1003] ext.:

spei,

vainly hoping, Curt. 6, 5, 31:

incepti,

Sil. 7, 131.—

Absol.:

variis assultibus irritus urget,

Verg. A. 5, 442:

venit et e templis irrita turba domum,

without a response, Tib. 2, 3, 22:

irriti legati remittuntur,

Tac. A. 15, 25:

domum irritus rediit,

Sen. Ben. 6, 11:

discedere irritum putebat,

Curt. 4, 4, 2: irritus qui habebatur, laudabatur, good for nothing, Cat. ap. Gell. 11, 2, 2.— Subst.: irrĭtum, i, n., nothingness, vanity, worthlessness:

spes ad irritum redacta,

Liv. 28, 31:

spes ad irritum cadens,

id. 2, 6:

victoria ad inritum revolvebatur,

Tac. H. 3, 26:

cecidisse in inritum labores,

id. ib. 3, 53 fin.:

irrita dicere,

useless words, Ov. M. 11, 40.— Adv.: irrĭtē, in vain, Cassiod. Var. 1, 4; 12, 2.

irrītus, ūs, m., v. hirritus.

irrĭtus ( inr-), a, um, adj. [2. inratus], invalid.

Lit.

Undecided, unfixed, void, of no effect:

quod modo erat ratum, irritum est,

Ter. Phorm, 4, 7, 58:

testamentum irritum facere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109:

testamentum pro irrito habere,

Suet. Tib. 51; Gai. Inst. 2, 146 sq.; Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 14:

injurias rescindere et irritas facere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

quaeque augur injusta, nefasta, vitiosa, dira, defixerit, inrita infectaque sunto,

id. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

omnia ab iis acta,

Vell. 2, 43, 1:

pacta,

Sil. 6, 696:

Tiberii voluntas,

Suet. Calig. 14:

somnia,

of no significance, id. Aug. 91:

Remus aves irritas habuit,

Gell. 13, 14.—

Vain, useless, without effect, ineffectual:

ingrata atque irrita esse omnia intellego,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 10:

inceptum,

Liv. 29, 35; 24, 19:

dona,

Verg. G. 4, 519:

tela,

id. A. 2, 459:

moenia,

Ov. M. 12, 587:

labor anni,

id. ib. 1, 273; Quint. 12, 1, 13:

verba,

Ov. R. Am. 286:

tua dicta factaque,

Cat. 30, 10:

spes,

Liv. 22, 20; Stat. Th. 10, 45:

oblivio,

Liv. 28, 29:

lingua (Cassandrae),

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 66:

remedium,

Tac. H. 4, 81:

preces,

Plin. Pan. 26:

ova,

fruitless, infertile, Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 160.—

Transf., of persons, that does or undertakes a thing in vain, to no purpose, without effect.

With gen.:

irritus legationis,

Tac. H. 4, 32:

consilii,

Vell. 2, 63, 2:

propositi,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 3 [p. 1003] ext.:

spei,

vainly hoping, Curt. 6, 5, 31:

incepti,

Sil. 7, 131.—

Absol.:

variis assultibus irritus urget,

Verg. A. 5, 442:

venit et e templis irrita turba domum,

without a response, Tib. 2, 3, 22:

irriti legati remittuntur,

Tac. A. 15, 25:

domum irritus rediit,

Sen. Ben. 6, 11:

discedere irritum putebat,

Curt. 4, 4, 2: irritus qui habebatur, laudabatur, good for nothing, Cat. ap. Gell. 11, 2, 2.— Subst.: irrĭtum, i, n., nothingness, vanity, worthlessness:

spes ad irritum redacta,

Liv. 28, 31:

spes ad irritum cadens,

id. 2, 6:

victoria ad inritum revolvebatur,

Tac. H. 3, 26:

cecidisse in inritum labores,

id. ib. 3, 53 fin.:

irrita dicere,

useless words, Ov. M. 11, 40.— Adv.: irrĭtē, in vain, Cassiod. Var. 1, 4; 12, 2.

irrītus, ūs, m., v. hirritus.

irrĭtus ( inr-), a, um, adj. [2. inratus], invalid.

Lit.

Undecided, unfixed, void, of no effect:

quod modo erat ratum, irritum est,

Ter. Phorm, 4, 7, 58:

testamentum irritum facere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 42, 109:

testamentum pro irrito habere,

Suet. Tib. 51; Gai. Inst. 2, 146 sq.; Paul. Sent. 3, 5, 14:

injurias rescindere et irritas facere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 63:

quaeque augur injusta, nefasta, vitiosa, dira, defixerit, inrita infectaque sunto,

id. Leg. 2, 8, 21:

omnia ab iis acta,

Vell. 2, 43, 1:

pacta,

Sil. 6, 696:

Tiberii voluntas,

Suet. Calig. 14:

somnia,

of no significance, id. Aug. 91:

Remus aves irritas habuit,

Gell. 13, 14.—

Vain, useless, without effect, ineffectual:

ingrata atque irrita esse omnia intellego,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 10:

inceptum,

Liv. 29, 35; 24, 19:

dona,

Verg. G. 4, 519:

tela,

id. A. 2, 459:

moenia,

Ov. M. 12, 587:

labor anni,

id. ib. 1, 273; Quint. 12, 1, 13:

verba,

Ov. R. Am. 286:

tua dicta factaque,

Cat. 30, 10:

spes,

Liv. 22, 20; Stat. Th. 10, 45:

oblivio,

Liv. 28, 29:

lingua (Cassandrae),

Prop. 3, 13 (4, 12), 66:

remedium,

Tac. H. 4, 81:

preces,

Plin. Pan. 26:

ova,

fruitless, infertile, Plin. 10, 58, 79, § 160.—

Transf., of persons, that does or undertakes a thing in vain, to no purpose, without effect.

With gen.:

irritus legationis,

Tac. H. 4, 32:

consilii,

Vell. 2, 63, 2:

propositi,

Val. Max. 4, 3, 3 [p. 1003] ext.:

spei,

vainly hoping, Curt. 6, 5, 31:

incepti,

Sil. 7, 131.—

Absol.:

variis assultibus irritus urget,

Verg. A. 5, 442:

venit et e templis irrita turba domum,

without a response, Tib. 2, 3, 22:

irriti legati remittuntur,

Tac. A. 15, 25:

domum irritus rediit,

Sen. Ben. 6, 11:

discedere irritum putebat,

Curt. 4, 4, 2: irritus qui habebatur, laudabatur, good for nothing, Cat. ap. Gell. 11, 2, 2.— Subst.: irrĭtum, i, n., nothingness, vanity, worthlessness:

spes ad irritum redacta,

Liv. 28, 31:

spes ad irritum cadens,

id. 2, 6:

victoria ad inritum revolvebatur,

Tac. H. 3, 26:

cecidisse in inritum labores,

id. ib. 3, 53 fin.:

irrita dicere,

useless words, Ov. M. 11, 40.— Adv.: irrĭtē, in vain, Cassiod. Var. 1, 4; 12, 2.

irrītus, ūs, m., v. hirritus.

jactātĭo, ōnis, f. [jacto], a throwing or tossing to and fro, a shaking, agitation, violent or frequent motion.

Lit.:

corporis,

motion, gestures, Cic. Or. 25, 86:

ubi primum ducta cicatrix, patique posse visa jactationem,

Liv. 29, 32:

manus,

Quint. 10, 7, 26;

of a storm at sea: ex magna jactatione terram videre,

Cic. Mur. 2, 4:

armigeri in castra referebant (eum) jactationem vulnerum haud facile tolerantem,

the jolting, Curt. 6, 5, 1.—

Trop.

In gen., of mental agitation:

jactationes animorum incitatae,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15.—

Esp.

A boasting, bragging; ostentation, display, vanity:

jactatio est voluptas gestiens et se efferens insolentius,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 9, 20: verborum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 20, 2:

nulla cultūs,

Tac. G. 6:

extemporalis garrulitas circulatoriae jactationis est,

Quint. 2, 4, 15:

eruditionis,

id. 1, 5, 11: nonnullorum hominum jactationem et insolentiam ferre non potes, Cael. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9, A, 5.—

Jactatio popularis, a striving after popular applause, Cic. Clu. 35, 95; id. Har. Resp. 20, 43; so,

jactatio cursusque popularis,

id. Prov. Cons. 16, 38; cf.:

eloquentia haec forensis... ornata verbis atque sententiis jactationem habuit in populo,

id. Or. 3, 13.