-
1 subditīvus
subditīvus adj. [subdo], substituted, suppositious, spurious: archipirata.* * *subditiva, subditivum ADJsubstituted, counterfeit; sperious -
2 vicārius
vicārius adv. [vicis], that supplies a place, substituted, delegated, vicarious: vicaria fides amicorum supponitur.—As subst m., a substitute, deputy, proxy, vicegerent, vicar: succedam ego vicarius tuo muneri: alieni iuris: vicarium tibi expediam, cui tu arma tradas, L.: sive vicarius est seu conservus, i. e. an under-servant, H.* * *Isubstitute, deputy, one acting for another; successor; slave to do one's workIIvicaria, vicarium ADJsubstitute; substituted; vicarious; supplying the place of someone/somethingIIIvicarage; its incomeIV -
3 suffectus
suffectus adj. [P. of sufficio], substituted, chosen to fill a vacancy: consul, a vice-consul, L. -
4 subditicius
subditicia, subditicium ADJsubstituted, counterfeit; sperious -
5 suppositicius
suppositicia, suppositicium ADJsubstituted; sperious; put in the place of another; not genuine -
6 supposititius
supposititia, supposititium ADJsubstituted; sperious; put in the place of another; not genuine -
7 aliqui
ălĭqui, aliqua, aliquod; plur. aliqui, aliquae, aliqua [alius-qui; v. aliquis] (the nom. fem. sing. and neutr. plur. were originally aliquae, analogous to the simple quae, from qui:I.tam quam aliquae res Verberet,
Lucr. 4, 263, and Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 2 MS.; but the adj. signif. of the word caused the change into aliqua; on the other hand, a change of the gen. and dat. fem. sing. alicujus and alicui into aliquae, Charis. 133 P., seems to have been little imitated.—Alicui, trisyl., Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 7.— Dat. and abl. plur. aliquibus, Mel. 2, 5;oftener aliquis,
Liv. 24, 42; 45, 32; Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 55; cf. aliquis), indef. adj., some, any (designating an object acc. to its properties or attributes; while by aliquis, aliquid, as subst. pron., an object is designated individually by name; cf. Jahn in his Jahrb. 1831, III. 73, and the commentators on the passages below).In opp. to a definite object:II.quod certe, si est aliqui sensus in morte praeclarorum virorum, etc.,
Cic. Sest. 62, 131 B. and K.:nisi qui deusvel casus aliqui subvenerit,
id. Fam. 16, 12, 1 iid.:si forte aliqui inter dicendum effulserit extemporalis color,
Quint. 10, 6, 5 Halm:ex hoc enim populo deligitur aliqui dux,
Cic. Rep. 1, 44, 68 B. and K.:si ab eā deus aliqui requirat,
id. Ac. Pr. 2, 7, 19 iid.:an tibi erit quaerendus anularius aliqui?
id. ib. 2, 26, 86 iid.:tertia (persona) adjungitur, quam casus aliqui aut tempus imponit,
id. Off. 1, 32, 115 iid.; so id. ib. 3, 7, 33 iid.:lapis aliqui,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 56, § 147 Zumpt:harum sententiarum quae vera sit, deus aliqui viderit,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 23 B. and K.:aliqui talis terror,
id. ib. 4, 16, 35, and 5, 21, 62 iid.:si te dolor aliqui corporis, etc.,
id. Fam. 7, 1 iid.; and many other passages, where transcribers or editors have ignorantly substituted aliquis; cf. also Heind. ad Cic. N. D. 3, 38, 91:Ut aliqua pars laboris minuatur mihi,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 42 Fleck.:in quo aliqua significatio virtutis adpareat,
Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46 B. and K.:Cum repetes a proximo tuo rem aliquam,
Vulg. Deut. 24, 10:numquam id sine aliquā justā causā existimarem te fecisse,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 7:aliquae laudes, aliqua pars,
id. ib. 9, 14:aliquae mulieres,
Vulg. Luc. 8, 2: aliquod rasum argenteum, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 33:rasum aënum aliquod,
id. ib. 1, 1, 34:evadet in aliquod magnum malum,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 64:qui appropinquans aliquod malum metuit,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:esse in mentibus hominum tamquam oraculum aliquod,
id. Div. 2, 48, 100:si habuerit aliquod juramentum,
Vulg. 3 Reg. 8, 31: sive plura sunt, sive aliquod unum, or some one only, Cic. de Or, 2, 72, 292:ne aliquas suscipiam molestias,
id. Am. 13, 48; id. Off. 1, 36:necubi aut motus alicujus aut fulgor armorum fraudem detegeret,
Liv. 22, 28, 8:ne illa peregrinatio detrimentum aliquod afferret,
Nep. Att. 2, 3:me credit aliquam sibi fallaciam portare,
Ter. And. 2, 6, 1:qui alicui rei est (sc. aptus),
who is fitted for something, id. Ad. 3, 3, 4: demonstrativum genus est, quod tribuitur in alicujus certae personae laudem aut vituperationem, to the praise or blame of some particular person, Cic. Inv. 1, 7:alicui Graeculo otioso,
id. de Or. 1, 22, 102:totiens alicui chartae sua vincula dempsi,
Ov. Tr. 4, 7, 7:invenies aliquo cum percussore jacentem,
Juv. 8, 173 al. —In opp. to no, none, some:III.exorabo aliquo modo,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 41:ut huic malo aliquam producam moram,
Ter. And. 3, 5, 9:olim quom ita animum induxti tuum, Quod cuperes, aliquo pacto efficiundum tibi,
id. ib. 5, 3, 13 (= quoquo modo, Don.):haec enim ille aliquā ex parte habebat,
in some degree, Cic. Clu. 24 fin.; so id. Fin. 5, 14, 38, and id. Lael. 23, 86:nihil (te habere), quod aut hoc aut aliquo rei publicae statu timeas,
in any condition whatever, id. Fam. 6, 2: nec dubitare, quin aut aliquā re publicā sis futurus, qui esse debes;aut perditā, non afflictiore conditione quam ceteri,
id. ib. 6, 1 fin.:gesta res exspectatur, quam quidem aut jam esse aliquam aut appropinquare confido,
id. Fam. 12, 10, 2: intelleges te aliquid habere, quod speres;nihil quod timeas,
id. ib. 6, 2:Morbus est animi, in magno pretio habere in aliquo habenda vel in nullo,
Sen. Ep. 75, 10:quin ejus facti si non bonam, at aliquam rationem afferre soleant,
Cic. Verr. 3, 85, 195; so id. Off. 1, 11, 35:si liberos bonā aut denique aliquā re publicā perdidissent,
id. Fam. 5, 16, 3.—Pregn., some considerable:aliquod nomenque decusque,
no mean, Verg. A. 2, 89; cf. aliquis, II. C.—With non, neque, and non.. sed:IV.si non fecero ei male aliquo pacto,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 6, 23:si haec non ad aliquos amicos conqueri vellem,
Cic. Verr. 5, 71:non vidistis aliquam similitudinem,
Vulg. Deut. 4, 15; ib. Luc. 11, 36; ib. Col. 2, 23:quod tu neque negare posses nec cum defensione aliquā confiteri,
Cic. Verr. 1, 55, 154; 4, 7, 14; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 6; Caes. B. C. 1, 85, 5:neque figuras aliquas facietis vobis,
Vulg. Lev. 19, 28; ib. 2 Par. 22, 9:sceleri tuo non mentem aliquam tuam, sed fortunam populi Romani obstitisse,
Cic. Cat. 1, 6; so id. Balb. 28, 64; Tac. Or. 6.—With numerals, as in Gr. tis, and Engl. some, to express an indefinite sum or number:V.aliquos viginti dies,
some twenty days, Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 47: quadringentos aliquos milites, Cato, Orig. ap. Gell. 3, 7, 6, and Non. 187, 24:aliqua quinque folia,
Cato, R. R. 156, quoted in Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 28:introductis quibusdam septem testibus,
App. Miles. 2:tres aliqui aut quattuor,
Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 62 (cf. in Gr. es diakosious men tinas autôn apekteinan, Thuc. 3, 111; v. Sturtz, Lex. Xen. s. v. tis, and Shäfer, Appar. ad Demosth. III. p. 269).—A.. Sometimes with alius, any other (cf. aliquis, II. A.):B.quae non habent caput aut aliquam aliam partem,
Varr. L. L. 9, 46, 147:dum aliud aliquid flagiti conficiat,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:hoc alienum est aut cum aliā aliquā arte est commune,
Cic. de Or. 2, 9:aliusne est aliquis improbis civibus peculiaris populus,
id. Sest. 58, 125 B. and K.; id. Inv. 1, 11, 15.—With alius implied (cf. aliquis, II. B.):dubitas ire in aliquas terras,
some other lands, Cic. Cat. 1, 8:judicant aut spe aut timore aut aliquā permotione mentis,
id. de Or. 2, 42; id. Tusc. 3, 14, 30; id. Tim. 5:cum mercaturas facerent aut aliquam ob causam navigarent,
id. Verr. 5, 28, 72; id. Rep. 3, 14, 23. -
8 C
C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),
Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb. -
9 c
C, c, n. indecl., or f., the third letter of the Latin alphabet; corresponded originally in sound to the Greek G (which in inscrr., esp. in the Doric, was frequently written like the Latin C; v. O. Müll. Etrusk. 2, p. 295); hence the old orthography: LECIONES, MACISTRATOS, EXFOCIONT, [pu]CNANDOD, PVC[nad], CARTACINIENSI, upon the Columna rostrata, for legiones, magistratos, effugiunt, pugnando, pugnā, Carthaginiensi; and the prænomina Gaius and Gnaeus, even to the latest times, were designated by C. and Cn., while Caeso or Kaeso was written with K; cf. the letter G. Still, even as early as the time of the kings, whether through the influence of the Tuscans, among whom G sounded like K, or of the. Sabines, whose language was kindred with that of the Tuscans, the C seems to have been substituted for K; hence even Consul was designated by Cos., and K remained in use only before a, as in Kalendae; k. k. for calumniae causā, INTERKAL for intercalaris, MERK for mercatus, and in a few other republican inscrr., because by this vowel K was distinguished from Q, as in Gr. Kappa from Koppa, and in Phœnician Caph from Cuph, while C was employed like other consonants with e. Q was used at the beginning of words only when u, pronounced like v, followed, as Quirites from Cures, Tanaquil from Thanchufil, Thanchfil, ThankWil; accordingly, C everywhere took the place of Q, when that accompanying labial sound was lost, or u was used as a vowel; so in the gentile name of Maecenas Cilnius, from the Etrusk. Cvelne or Cfelne (O. Müll. Etrusk. 1, p. 414 sq.); so in coctus, cocus, alicubi, sicubi; in relicŭŭs (four syl.) for reliquus (trisyl.): AECETIA = AEQITIA, i. q. aequitas (V. AECETIA), etc., and as in the Golden Age cujus was written for quojus, and cui for quoi (corresponding to cum for quom); thus, even in the most ancient period, quor or cur was used together with [p. 257] quare, cura with quaero, curia with Quiris, as inversely inquilinus with incola, and in S. C. Bacch. OQVOLTOD = occulto. Hence, at the end of words que, as well as ce in hic, sic, istic, illic, was changed to c, as in ac for atque, nec for neque, nunc, tunc, donec for numque, tumque, dumque; and in the middle of words it might also pass into g. as in negotium and neglego, cf. necopinus. Since C thus gradually took the place of K and Q, with the single exception that our kw was throughout designated by qu, it was strange that under the emperors grammarians began again to write k instead of c before a, though even Quint. 1, 7, 10, expressed his displeasure at this; and they afterwards wrote q before u, even when no labial sound followed, as in pequnia, or merely peqnia, for pecunia; cf. the letters Q and U. About the beginning of the sixth century of the city the modified form G was introduced for the flat guttural sound, and C thenceforth regularly represented the hard sound = our K. The use of aspirates was unknown to the Romans during the first six centuries, hence the letter C also represents the Gr. X, as BACA and BACANALIBVS, for Baccha and Bacchanalibus (the single C instead of the double, as regularly in the most ancient times); cf. also schizô with scindo, and poluchroos with pulcer. But even in the time of Cicero scheda came into use for scida, and pulcher for pulcer; so also the name of the Gracchi was aspirated, as were the name Cethegus and the word triumphus, which, however, in the song of the Arval brothers, is TRIVMPVS; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 160, and the letter P. About this time the use of aspirates became so common, in imitation of Greek, that Catullus wrote upon it an epigram (84), which begins with the words: Cho mmoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet; and in Monum. Ancyr. inchoo is used for the orig. incoho, acc. to which the ancient Romans also employed cohors for chors (v. cohors).On account of the near relationship of c and g, as given above, they are very often interchanged, esp. when connected with liquids: Cygnus, Progne, Gnidus, Gnossus, from kuknos, Proknê, Knidos, Knôssos (even when n was separated from c by a vowel, as in Saguntum for Zakunthos, or absorbed by an s, as in vigesimus and trigesimus for vicensimus and tricensimus); mulgeo for mulceo, segmen from seco, gummi for commi (kommi); gurgulio for curculio, grabatus for krabatos, so that amurca was also written for amurga, from amorgê, as inversely conger for gonger, from gongros; but also with other letters; cf. mastruca and mastruga, misceo and misgô, mugio and mukaomai, gobius and kôbios, gubernator and kubernêtês. Not less freq. is the interchange of c and t, which is noticed by Quint. Inst. 1, 11, 5, and in accordance with which, in composition, d or t before qu, except with que, became c, as acquiro, nequicquam, iccirco for idcirco, ecquis for etquis, etc. Hence is explained the rejection of c before t, as in Lutatius for Luctatius, and the arbitrariness with which many names were written with cc or tt for ct, as Vettones for Vectones; Nacca or Natta for Nacta (from the Gr. gnaptô). It would be erroneouś to infer, from the varied orthography of the names' Accius, Attius, and Actius, or Peccius, Pettius, and Pectius, a hissing pronunciation of them; for as the Romans interchange the terminations icius and itius, and the orthography fetialis and fecialis, indutiae and induciae, with one another, they also wrote Basculi or Bastuli, anclare or antlare, etc. Ci for ti does not appear till an African inscr. of the third century after Christ, and not often before Gallic inscrr. and documents of the seventh century; ti for ci is not certainly found before the end of the fourth century; and ci before a vowel does not appear to have been pronounced as sh, except provincially, before the sixth or seventh century; cf. Roby, Gr. bk. 1, ch. 7; and so in gen., Corss. Ausspr. I. p. 33 sqq. C is sometimes interchanged with p: columba, palumbes; coquus, popa, popina (cf. in Gr. koteros; Sanscr. katara; poteros; Lat. uter). C is sometimes dropped in the middle of a word: luna for luc-na, lumen for luc-men; so also at the beginning of a word: uter for cuter; Sanscr. katara, v. supra.As an abbreviation, C designates Gaius, and reversed, O, Gaia; cf. Quint. 1, 7, 28. As a numeral, C = centum, and upon voting tablets = condemno, Ascon. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. the letter A fin.;hence it is called littera tristis (opp. A = absolvo, which is called littera salutaris),
Cic. Mil. 6, 15 Moeb. -
10 insitivus
I.Lit.:II.pira,
Hor. Epod. 2, 19.—Trop., substituted, spurious:liberi,
Phaedr. 3, 3, 10:heres,
adopted, Sen. Contr. 2, 8:alimentum lactis,
of another person than the mother, Gell. 12, 1, 17.— Plur. n. as subst.:insitiva virtutum,
Ambros. Ep. 2, 8. -
11 Ixion
Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:II.Ixione natus,
i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:Ixione nati,
the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—Derivv.A.Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:B.Ixionei rota orbis,
Verg. G. 4, 484:Ixionii amici,
Lampr. Heliog. 24.—Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566. -
12 Ixioneus
Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:II.Ixione natus,
i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:Ixione nati,
the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—Derivv.A.Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:B.Ixionei rota orbis,
Verg. G. 4, 484:Ixionii amici,
Lampr. Heliog. 24.—Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566. -
13 Ixionidae
Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:II.Ixione natus,
i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:Ixione nati,
the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—Derivv.A.Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:B.Ixionei rota orbis,
Verg. G. 4, 484:Ixionii amici,
Lampr. Heliog. 24.—Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566. -
14 Ixionides
Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:II.Ixione natus,
i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:Ixione nati,
the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—Derivv.A.Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:B.Ixionei rota orbis,
Verg. G. 4, 484:Ixionii amici,
Lampr. Heliog. 24.—Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566. -
15 Ixionius
Ixīon, ŏnis, m., = Ixiôn, the son of Phlegyas (acc. to others, of Antion or of Jupiter), king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and father of Pirithoüs. He murdered his father-in-law, to avoid paying the nuptial presents; and as no one would absolve him after such a deed, Jupiter took him into heaven and there purified him. When, notwithstanding this, he made an attempt on the chastity of Juno, Jupiter substituted for her an image of cloud, with which he begat the Centaurs; but having boasted of his imaginary criminal success with Juno, Jupiter hurled him into Tartarus, where he was bound fast to an ever-revolving wheel, Ov. M. 4, 465; 10, 42; Verg. A. 6, 601:II.Ixione natus,
i. e. Pirithoüs, Ov. M. 12, 210:Ixione nati,
the Centaurs. id. ib. 12, 504.—Derivv.A.Ixīŏnĭus ( - onĕus), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Ixion:B.Ixionei rota orbis,
Verg. G. 4, 484:Ixionii amici,
Lampr. Heliog. 24.—Ixīŏnĭdes, ae, m., son of Ixion, i. e. Pirithoüs, Prop. 2, 1, 38.—In plur.: Ixīŏnĭdae, ārum, the Centaurs, Luc. 6, 386; Ov. M. 8, 566. -
16 M
M, m, the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet (J not being distinguished from I in the class. period), corresponds in form and sound to the Greek M; the Latin language, however, does not combine an initial m with n, as in the Greek mna, mnêma, mnion, mnoos, etc.; hence, the Greek mna became Latin mĭna. The Latin language, unlike the Greek, tolerated a final m; but its sound was obscure, Prisc. p. 555 P. (cf. Quint. 12, 10, 31), and before an initial vowel, even in prose, was scarcely heard (hence Verrius Flaccus proposed to represent it by an M half obliterated, thus, N). In poetry, the vowel also immediately preceding the m was elided, Quint. 9, 4, 40; 11, 3, 34; 109; Diom. p. 488 P.; Prisc. p. 555 sq. ib.; Val. Prob. 1392; 1440 ib. To this rejection of the m at the end of words before vowels are owing the forms attinge, dice, ostende, facie, recipie, for attingam, dicam, ostendam, faciam, recipiam; v. the letter E; and the forms donec for donicum, coëo, coërceo for com-eo, com-erceo; circueo, circuitus, for circum-eo, circum-itus; veneo for venum eo; vendo for venum do; animadverto for animum adverto, etc.— M is substituted for p or b before a nasal suffix, as som-nus, cf. sopor, sopio; scamnum, cf. scabellum; Samnium for Sabinium; summus, cf. sub, super. Often also for n before a labial, as impello for inpello; cf. rumpo, root rup-; lambo, root lab-, with fundo, root fud-, etc.— M corresponds with the m of all Indo-European tongues, like Gr. m; cf. simul, hama; me, me; mel, meli; magnus, megas; but in inflections final m corresponds with Gr. n, as navem, naun; musarum, mousôn; sim, eiên, etc.— M is interchanged most freq. with n; so eundem, eandem, quendam, quorundam, tantundem, from eum, eam, quem, quorum, tantum; and, on the other hand, im is written for in before labials and m: imbellis, imbibo, imbuo; impar, impedio, imprimo, immanis, immergo, immuto, etc. Thus also m regularly stands for the final n of neuters borrowed from the Greek. A collat. form of Nilus, Melo, for Neilos, is mentioned in Paul. ex Fest. p. 7; 18 and 129 Müll.—The Latin m also interchanges with Gr. b: mel-ior, bel-tiôn; mortuus (Sanscr. mrita), brotos (v. for full details, Corss. Ausspr. 1, pp. 263 sqq.).As an abbreviation, M. denotes most freq. the prænomen Marcus, and less freq. magister, monumentum, municipium; v. the Index Notar. in Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 464 sq. M' denotes the prænomen Manius.As a numeral, M, standing for CIC, denotes the number 1000. -
17 m
M, m, the twelfth letter of the Latin alphabet (J not being distinguished from I in the class. period), corresponds in form and sound to the Greek M; the Latin language, however, does not combine an initial m with n, as in the Greek mna, mnêma, mnion, mnoos, etc.; hence, the Greek mna became Latin mĭna. The Latin language, unlike the Greek, tolerated a final m; but its sound was obscure, Prisc. p. 555 P. (cf. Quint. 12, 10, 31), and before an initial vowel, even in prose, was scarcely heard (hence Verrius Flaccus proposed to represent it by an M half obliterated, thus, N). In poetry, the vowel also immediately preceding the m was elided, Quint. 9, 4, 40; 11, 3, 34; 109; Diom. p. 488 P.; Prisc. p. 555 sq. ib.; Val. Prob. 1392; 1440 ib. To this rejection of the m at the end of words before vowels are owing the forms attinge, dice, ostende, facie, recipie, for attingam, dicam, ostendam, faciam, recipiam; v. the letter E; and the forms donec for donicum, coëo, coërceo for com-eo, com-erceo; circueo, circuitus, for circum-eo, circum-itus; veneo for venum eo; vendo for venum do; animadverto for animum adverto, etc.— M is substituted for p or b before a nasal suffix, as som-nus, cf. sopor, sopio; scamnum, cf. scabellum; Samnium for Sabinium; summus, cf. sub, super. Often also for n before a labial, as impello for inpello; cf. rumpo, root rup-; lambo, root lab-, with fundo, root fud-, etc.— M corresponds with the m of all Indo-European tongues, like Gr. m; cf. simul, hama; me, me; mel, meli; magnus, megas; but in inflections final m corresponds with Gr. n, as navem, naun; musarum, mousôn; sim, eiên, etc.— M is interchanged most freq. with n; so eundem, eandem, quendam, quorundam, tantundem, from eum, eam, quem, quorum, tantum; and, on the other hand, im is written for in before labials and m: imbellis, imbibo, imbuo; impar, impedio, imprimo, immanis, immergo, immuto, etc. Thus also m regularly stands for the final n of neuters borrowed from the Greek. A collat. form of Nilus, Melo, for Neilos, is mentioned in Paul. ex Fest. p. 7; 18 and 129 Müll.—The Latin m also interchanges with Gr. b: mel-ior, bel-tiôn; mortuus (Sanscr. mrita), brotos (v. for full details, Corss. Ausspr. 1, pp. 263 sqq.).As an abbreviation, M. denotes most freq. the prænomen Marcus, and less freq. magister, monumentum, municipium; v. the Index Notar. in Inscr. Orell. 2, p. 464 sq. M' denotes the prænomen Manius.As a numeral, M, standing for CIC, denotes the number 1000. -
18 pronominatio
prō-nōmĭnātĭo, ōnis, f., a figure of speech, by which another epithet is substituted for a proper name (e. g. Africani nepotes, for Gracchi), Auct. Her. 4, 31, 42. -
19 Secunda
1.sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.A.(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)1.Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;2.miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,
the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:id secundum erat de tribus,
id. Or. 15, 50:aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,
id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,
id. ib. 2, 10, 18:Olympias secunda et sexagesima,
id. ib. 2, 15, 28:oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,heres,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:mensa,
the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:Germania,
Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:partus,
Cels. 7, 29 fin.:non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,
Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:secundae partūs,
id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—Trop.a.Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:b.quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,
Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:potentiā secundus a rege,
Hirt. B. Alex. 66;with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,
Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:qui honos secundus a rege erat,
Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,
id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,
id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,
Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,
Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,
Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:secundus sibi, non par,
Just. 11, 12, 14:secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,
id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:bonitas amomo pallido,
id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:B.secundae sortis ingenium,
only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,
id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,
Flor. 3, 20, 1:vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:secundarius panis,
Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):tenue argentum venaeque secundae,
Juv. 9, 31:haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,
Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,
inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,
Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,
the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,
Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,
Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,secundas sortiri,
Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:ferre,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:deferre alicui,
Quint. 10, 1, 53:agere,
Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—(Acc. to sequor, II.)1.Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):2.secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,
i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,Tiberi,
Liv. 5, 46:amni,
Verg. G. 3, 447:fluvio,
id. A. 7, 494:aqua,
Liv. 21, 28; cf.:totā rate in secundam aquam labente,
with the current, id. 21, 47:et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,aestu,
Liv. 23, 41:mari,
id. 29, 7; and, poet.:(Neptunus) curru secundo,
speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:secundo amne,
Curt. 4, 7, 9:navigatio,
Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,
Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,ventus,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.aquilo,
id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,
Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):des ingenio vela secunda meo,
Ov. F. 3, 790.—Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—3.Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:2. I.secundo populo aliquid facere,
with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,concio,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:voluntas concionis,
id. Att. 1, 19, 4:admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:clamor,
Verg. A. 5, 491:aures,
Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:praesentibus ac secundis diis,
id. 7, 26; so,dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,
Verg. A. 4, 45; and:secundo Marte ruat,
id. ib. 10, 21:adi pede sacra secundo,
id. ib. 8, 302;10, 255: auspicia,
Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:haruspex,
Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;so,
id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.fortunae (opp. adversae),
Cic. Sull. 23, 66;and tempora (opp. adversi casus),
Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:proelia,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1:motus Galliae,
successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:belli exitus,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:consilium,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42:labores,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,
Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:secundissima proelia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:secunda (sc. verba) irae,
i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:secundiore equitum proelio nostris,
Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,
Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,
Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:age, me in tuis secundis respice,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,
Liv. 28, 11, 1:in secundis sapere et consulere,
id. 30, 42, 16:nimius homo inter secunda,
Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:nemo confidat nimium secundis,
Sen. Thyest. 615:poscunt fidem secunda,
id. Agam. 934:secunda non habent unquam modum,
id. Oedip. 694.C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —II.C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,
Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll. -
20 secunda
1.sĕcundus, a, um, adj. [sequor], following.A.(Acc. to sequor, I. B. 2.)1.Prop., the following in time or order, the next to the first, the second (cf.: alter, proximus); absol.: si te secundo lumine hic offendero, the next morning, Enn. ap. Cic. Att. 7, 26, 1: de tribus unum esset optandum...optimum est facere; secundum, nec facere nec pati;2.miserrimum digladiari semper, etc.,
the next best, Cic. Rep. 3, 14, 23; cf.:id secundum erat de tribus,
id. Or. 15, 50:aliquem obligare secundo sacramento, priore amisso, etc.,
id. Off. 1, 11, 36; cf.:prioribus equitum partibus secundis additis,
id. Rep. 2, 20, 36:Roma condita est secundo anno Olympiadis septimae,
id. ib. 2, 10, 18:Olympias secunda et sexagesima,
id. ib. 2, 15, 28:oriens incendium belli Punici secundi,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1: aliquem secundum heredem instituere, the second or substituted heir, if the first-named die or refuse the inheritance, id. Fam. 13, 61; so,heres,
Hor. S. 2, 5, 48; Inscr. Orell. 3416:mensa,
the second course, dessert, Cic. Att. 14, 6, 2; 14, 21, 4; Cels. 1, 2 fin.; Plin. 9, 35, 58, § 120; 19, 8, 53, § 167; Verg. G. 2, 101; Hor. S. 2, 2, 121:Germania,
Lower Germany, Amm. 15, 8, 19.— Subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. membranae), the after-birth, secundines:partus,
Cels. 7, 29 fin.:non magis pertinere quam secundas ad editum infantem,
Sen. Ep. 92, 34; Col. 7, 7, 4; Plin. 27, 4, 13, § 30; 30, 14, 43, § 123:secundae partūs,
id. 9, 13, 15, § 41; 20, 6, 23, § 51; 20, 11, 44, § 115.—Trop.a.Following, next, second in rank, value, etc.; with ad:b.quorum ordo proxime accedit, ut secundus sit ad regium principatum,
Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 52.—With ab:potentiā secundus a rege,
Hirt. B. Alex. 66;with which cf.: secundus a Romulo conditor urbis Romanae,
Liv. 7, 1 fin.; and:Ajax, heros ab Achille secundus,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:qui honos secundus a rege erat,
Just. 18, 4, 5.— Absol.: nil majus generatur ipso (Jove), Nec viget quicquam simile aut secundum, Hor. C. 1, 12, 18:tu (Juppiter) secundo Caesare regnes,
id. ib. 1, 12, 51; corresp. to maxime:maxime vellem...secundo autem loco, etc.,
Cic. Phil. 8, 10, 31; cf.:me maxime consolatur spes, etc....facile secundo loco me consolatur recordatio, etc.,
id. Fam. 1, 6, 1 sq.:cotes Creticae diu maximam laudem habuere, secundam Laconicae,
Plin. 36, 22, 47, § 164.—With dat.:nulli Campanorum secundus vinctus ad mortem rapior,
Liv. 23, 10, 7 Weissenb. ad loc.:regio spatio locorum nulli earum gentium secunda,
Curt. 5, 10, 3; Vell. 2, 76, 1:secundus sibi, non par,
Just. 11, 12, 14:secunda nobilitas Falerno agro,
id. 14, 6, 8, § 62:bonitas amomo pallido,
id. 12, 13, 28, § 48.—With abl., Hirt. B. Alex. 66; cf. supra.—With the prevailing idea of subjection or inferiority, secondary, subordinate, inferior; absol.:B.secundae sortis ingenium,
only of the second grade, Sen. Ep. 52, 3:moneri velle ac posse secunda virtus est,
id. Ben. 5, 25, 4; cf.:(servi) quasi secundum hominum genus sunt,
Flor. 3, 20, 1:vivit siliquis et pane secundo (i. e. secundario),
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 123 (cf.:secundarius panis,
Plin. 18, 10, 20, § 89; Suet. Aug. 76):tenue argentum venaeque secundae,
Juv. 9, 31:haec fuit altera persona Thebis, sed tamen secunda ita, ut proxima esset Epaminondae,
Nep. Pel. 4, 3. —With abl.:haud ulli veterum virtute secundus,
inferior, Verg. A. 11, 441.—With inf.:nec vertere cuiquam Frena secundus Halys,
Stat. Th. 2, 574.—Esp., in phrase partes secundae, second parts, inferior parts:in actoribus Graecis, ille qui est secundarum aut tertiarum partium,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 15, 48:ut credas partis mimum tractare secundas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 14.—With ab:hic erit a mensis fine secunda dies,
the last day but one of the month, Ov. F. 1, 710. —As subst.: sĕcundae, ārum, f. (sc. partes), the second or inferior parts:Spinther secundarum tertiarum Pamphilus,
Plin. 7, 12, 10, § 54; Inscr. Orell. 2644:Q. Arrius, qui fuit M. Crassi quasi secundarum,
Cic. Brut. 69, 242; so,secundas sortiri,
Sen. Ben. 2, 29, 3:ferre,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 46:deferre alicui,
Quint. 10, 1, 53:agere,
Sen. Ira, 3, 8, 6.—(Acc. to sequor, II.)1.Prop., naut. t. t., of currents of water, etc., favorable, fair (as following the course of the vessel):2.secundo flumine ad Lutetiam iter facere coepit,
i. e. down the stream, Caes. B. G. 7, 58; so,Tiberi,
Liv. 5, 46:amni,
Verg. G. 3, 447:fluvio,
id. A. 7, 494:aqua,
Liv. 21, 28; cf.:totā rate in secundam aquam labente,
with the current, id. 21, 47:et ventum et aestum uno tempore nactus secundum,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; so,aestu,
Liv. 23, 41:mari,
id. 29, 7; and, poet.:(Neptunus) curru secundo,
speeding along, Verg. A. 1, 156:secundo amne,
Curt. 4, 7, 9:navigatio,
Tac. A. 2, 8.—Esp., of winds:in portum vento secundo, velo passo pervenit,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; cf.:cum videam navem secundis ventis cursum tenentem suum,
Cic. Planc. 39, 94; so,ventus,
Caes. B. G. 4, 23 fin.; Hor. C. 2, 10, 23; id. Ep. 2, 1, 102; cf.aquilo,
id. ib. 2, 2, 201.— Sup.:cum secundissimo vento cursum teneret,
Cic. N. D. 3, 34, 83.—Of sails (trop.):des ingenio vela secunda meo,
Ov. F. 3, 790.—Transf., with, according to any thing: austri anniversarii secundo sole flant, i. e. according to the course of the sun, Nigid. ap. Gell. 2, 22, 31: squama secunda (opp. adversa), as we say, with the grain, i. e. so as to offer no resistance to the hand when it is passed from the head to the tail, id. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12.—3.Trop., favorable, propitious, fortunate (opp. adversus); absol.:2. I.secundo populo aliquid facere,
with the consent of the people, Cic. Tusc. 2, 1, 4; so,concio,
id. Agr. 2, 37, 101; cf.:voluntas concionis,
id. Att. 1, 19, 4:admurmurationes cuncti senatūs,
id. Q. Fr. 2, 1, 3: rumor, Enn. ap. Non. 385, 17 (Ann. v. 260 Vahl.); Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 9:clamor,
Verg. A. 5, 491:aures,
Liv. 6, 40; 33, 46; 42, 28:praesentibus ac secundis diis,
id. 7, 26; so,dis auspicibus et Junone secundā,
Verg. A. 4, 45; and:secundo Marte ruat,
id. ib. 10, 21:adi pede sacra secundo,
id. ib. 8, 302;10, 255: auspicia,
Cic. Div. 1, 15, 27; cf. avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 82 Vahl.); and in poet. hypallage:haruspex,
Verg. A. 11, 739: scitus, secunda loquens in tempore, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 3 (Ann. v. 251 Vahl.): res (opp. adversae), Cic. Off. 1, 26, 90;so,
id. Lael. 5, 17; 6, 22; id. Att. 4, 2, 1; Hor. S. 2, 8, 74; cf.fortunae (opp. adversae),
Cic. Sull. 23, 66;and tempora (opp. adversi casus),
Auct. Her. 4, 17, 24; so, res, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll. (Ann. v. 357 Vahl.); Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 1; Cic. N. D. 3, 36, 88 (with prosperitates); Verg. A. 10, 502; Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 30: fortunae, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. parsi, p. 242 Müll.; Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 28:proelia,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1:motus Galliae,
successful, id. ib. 7, 59; and:belli exitus,
Hor. C. 4, 14, 38:consilium,
Caes. B. C. 3, 42:labores,
Hor. C. 4, 4, 45.— Comp.:reliqua militia secundiore famā fuit,
Suet. Caes. 2.— Sup.:secundissima proelia,
Caes. B. G. 7, 62.— With dat.:secunda (sc. verba) irae,
i. e. increasing, promoting it, Liv. 2, 38.— Comp.:secundiore equitum proelio nostris,
Caes. B. G. 2, 9.— Sup.:tres leges secundissimas plebei, adversas nobilitati tulit,
Liv. 8, 12: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse videntur, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 8, B.—As subst.: sĕcunda, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune:sperat infestis, metuit secundis Alteram sortem,
Hor. C. 2, 10, 13:age, me in tuis secundis respice,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 11:omnium secundorum adversorumque causes in deos vertere,
Liv. 28, 11, 1:in secundis sapere et consulere,
id. 30, 42, 16:nimius homo inter secunda,
Tac. H. 2, 59; 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 31:nemo confidat nimium secundis,
Sen. Thyest. 615:poscunt fidem secunda,
id. Agam. 934:secunda non habent unquam modum,
id. Oedip. 694.C. Plinius Secundus, the writer on natural history. —II.C. Plinius Caecilius Secundus, his nephew:OCTAVIA Q. F. SECVNDA,
Inscr. Grut. 445, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 9, § 60 Müll.
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