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41 economy
i:ˈkɔnəmɪ сущ.
1) хозяйство, экономика, народное хозяйство market economy ≈ рыночная экономика national economy ≈ народное хозяйство, национальная экономика peacetime economy ≈ гражданская экономика planned economy ≈ плановое хозяйство, плановая экономика political economy ≈ политэкономия shaky economy ≈ нестабильная экономика sound economy ≈ стабильная экономика wartime economy ≈ военная экономика
2) а) бережливость, расчет, расчетливость, экономия Syn: thrift, frugality б) часто мн. сэкономленное;
сбережения
3) организация, строение, структура, устройство, система Syn: structure, organization хозяйство, экономика - political * политическая экономия - national * народное хозяйство, национальная экономика - rural * сельское хозяйство;
экономика сельского хозяйства - robber * расточительное хозяйствование, разбазаривание невозобновляемых природных ресурсов экономия, бережливость - with a view to * с целью /в целях/ экономии - * of words лаконичность, без лишних слов - to exercise * проявлять бережливость - to practise * in dress не тратить много на одежду сбережения система, структура, организация;
композиция( произведения искуства) (религия) система мироздания;
промыс(е) л - divine * божественный промыс(е) л (церковное) осмотрительность в проповеди христианства;
поспешное раскрытие истины (ироничное) благоразумное умолчание экономичный - * car экономичный автомобиль( коммерческое) удешевленный, дешевый;
выгодный - * class туристический /туристский/ класс( удешевленный;
особ. на самрлете) ailing ~ больная экономика alternative ~ альтернативная экономика atomistic ~ полит.эк. атомистическая экономика barter ~ бартерная экономика black ~ теневая экономика bubble ~ полит.эк. экономика "мыльного пузыря" centralized ~ централизованная экономика centrally-controlled planned ~ централизованно планируемая экономика command ~ контролируемая экономика command ~ нерыночая экономика command ~ централизованно управляемая экономика controlled ~ контролируемая экономика controlled ~ нерыночная экономика controlled ~ централизованно управляемая экономика directed ~ контролируемая экономика directed ~ нерыночная экономика directed ~ централизованно управляемая экономика economy бережливость ~ (церк.) осмотрительность в проповеди христианства ~ сбережения ~ система, структура, организация ~ система мироздания ~ структура, организация ~ (часто pl) сэкономленное;
сбережения;
little economies маленькие сбережения ~ удешевленный, дешевый, выгодный ~ хозяйство, экономика;
the socialist system of economy социалистическая система хозяйства ~ хозяйство, экономика ~ экономика ~ экономичный ~ экономия, бережливость ~ экономия external sector of the ~ внешнеэкономический сектор free enterprise ~ экономика свободного предпринимательства free market ~ рыночная экономика healthy ~ здоровая экономика healthy: ~ жизнеспособный;
healthy economy процветающая экономика hidden ~ подпольная экономика;
теневая экономика hidden ~ теневая экономика impair the ~ ослаблять экономику incentive ~ стимулирующая экономия ~ (часто pl) сэкономленное;
сбережения;
little economies маленькие сбережения market ~ рыночная экономика mathematical ~ математическая экономика mixed ~ смешанная экономика money ~ денежная экономика national ~ национальная экономика national: ~ economy народное хозяйство;
national minority национальное меньшинство;
national convention амер. национальный партийный съезд open ~ открытая экономика overdraft ~ экономия кредита по текущему счету parallel ~ параллельная экономика;
скрытая экономика planned ~ плановая экономика political ~ политическая экономия political ~ политэкономия real ~ реальная экономика social ~ социальная экономика (кооперативы, общества взаимпомощи, организации не извлекающие прибыли) ~ хозяйство, экономика;
the socialist system of economy социалистическая система хозяйства sound ~ крепкая экономика state-controlled ~ плановая экономика state-controlled ~ экономика, контролируемая государством state-planned ~ плановая экономика state-planned ~ плановое хозяйство stimulating the ~ стимулирование экономии strict ~ строгая экономия surplus ~ экономика с активным платежным балансом tight ~ экономика в напряженном состоянии twilight ~ теневая экономика underground ~ подпольная экономика underground ~ теневая экономика war-time ~ экономика военного времени world ~ мировая экономика -
42 close
I 1. сущ.1) общ. закрытие, конец, заключение, окончаниеSee:2) бирж. закрытие (биржи), период при закрытииа) (на срочных биржах обычно имеется в виду 30-минутный период в конце операционного дня)See:б) (на товарных биржах: период непосредственно перед завершением торговой сессии для данного товара, в течение которого выполняются приказы о покупке/продаже по цене закрытия)3) бирж. = closing price4) эк. исполнение сделки (напр., поставка и оплата товаров, возвращение кредита, передача документов на право собственности и т. п.)5) учет закрытие бухгалтерских книг ( в конце учетного периода)Syn:6) марк., торг. завершение процесса продажи (завершение переговоров с потенциальным покупателем в виде завершения сделки или каких-л. договоренностей о возможной покупки в будущем)See:assumptive close, emotional close, incentive close, assumptive close, adviser approach, emotional close, incentive close2. гл.1) общ. закрывать(ся)See:2)а) общ. кончать(cя), заканчивать(ся)б) бирж. завершиться [закрыться\] c каким-л. курсом ( о торгах на бирже)prices closed — цены закрылись, цены при закрытии составили...
Prices closed firm yesterday. — Вчера цены окрепли к закрытию.
Gold prices closed at $633.30 per ounce. — Цены на золото закрылись на уровне $633,30 за унцию. [Цена на золото при закрытии составила $633,30 за унцию\].
Gold prices closed down $3.80 to $554.60/oz. — Цены золота закрылись с понижением на $3,80, сократившись до уровня в $554,60 за унцию.
Share prices closed up 1.30 percent. — Цены акций закрылись с повышением на 1,30%.
See:3) общ. договариваться, принимать предложения, условияSee:4) бирж. закрыть (позицию)See:3. прил.1) общ. закрытый; ограниченный, замкнутыйSee:2) общ. тайный, скрытыйII 2. прил.1) общ. близкийа) ( находящийся недалеко)б) ( интимный)в) (тесный, плотный, компактный)See:2)а) общ. скупой, скаредныйб) общ. трудно достающийся, ограниченный ( о средствах)3. гл.общ. подходить близко, сближаться, смыкаться4. нареч.1) общ. близко2) общ. коротко
* * *
1) закрытие биржи, период при закрытии (на срочных биржах обычно имеется в виду 30-минутный период в конце операционного дня); 2) последний: о цене последней сделки в конце рабочего дня; = closing price; 3) завершение сделки, кредитного соглашения (to close the deal); перевод денег или передача документов на право собственности; 4) закрытие бухгалтерских книг в конце учетного периода; = closing the books; 5) завершение процесса продажи товара: превращение потенциального покупателя в реального покупателя.* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов . -
43 marketing
сущ.1) эк. торговля, реализация, продажа, сбыт (процесс передачи товаров от производителей промежуточным или конечным потребителям)ATTRIBUTES: cooperative, direct 1. 3), domestic 1. 2) а), global 1. 1) а), local 1. 1) а), mass 3. 1) а), national 1. 1) а), regional
See:cooperative marketing 2), direct marketing 2), domestic marketing 2), global marketing 2), 1), local marketing 2), mass marketing 2), national marketing 2), regional marketing 2) marketing authority, marketing behaviour 2), marketing board, marketing contract, marketing facilities 1), marketing level 2), marketing outlet 2), marketing permit, marketing position 2), marketing potential 2), marketing quota, marketing territory, marketing transaction 2), marketing year, usual marketing requirements, advertising, selling, merchandising2) марк. маркетинг (система методов и средств продвижения товаров или услуг от производителя к потребителю; включает анализ рынка, дизайн, разработку упаковки, разработку системы сбыта, рекламу и т. д.)marketing director — маркетинговый директор, директор по маркетингу
marketing expert — маркетинговый эксперт, эксперт в области маркетинга
marketing expertise — маркетинговая экспертиза, экспертная оценка в области маркетинга
Do we need to improve marketing or simply drop a particular product? — Нужно ли нам улучшить маркетинг или лучше отказаться от какого-л. продукта?
Internet marketing is not as difficult as it sounds. — Маркетинг в интернет не так сложен, как может показаться.
ATTRIBUTES: affinity, agricultural, ambush, back end, bank, bench, brand, business site, business-to-business, buzz, catalogue, cause-related, celebrity, circulation, competitive, concentrated 1) а), consumer goods, consumer, consumer-oriented, convergent, conversion, cooperative, corporate, counter, cross, customized, database, data-driven, developing, differentiated, dimensional, direct mail, direct, direct response, divergent, domestic 2) а), door-to-door, electronic, enlightened, ethnic, event, exponential, export 3. 2) а), farm 1. 1) а), financial 1. 2) а), foreign 1. 1) б), fraudulent, front end, full-scale, generic, geodemographic, global 1. 1) б), grassroots, green, grey, health care, housing, idea, incentive, industrial 1. 1) а), а, innovative, integrated, interactive, international, Internet, joint, knowledge-based, leveraged, list, local 1. 1) а), mass, media, multichannel, multilevel, multisegment, multistep, national 1. 1) а), negative option, network, niche, non-profit, one-step, one-to-one, on-line, operational, opt-in, opt-out, organic, organizational, permission, person, personal, personnel, place, product, product-differentiated, product-oriented, promotion, promotional, referral, regional, request, retail, scientific, segmented, sense-of-mission, service 1. 2) а), shopper, social, societal, sports, stimulating, strategic, structure, supporting, symbiotic, synchro, tactical, target 3. 2) а), targeted, telephone, television, test, trade, undifferentiated, unsegmented, vacation, value, vendor, video, viral, world
See:affinity marketing, agricultural marketing, agrimarketing, ambush marketing, back end marketing, back-end marketing, bank marketing, benchmarketing, brand marketing, business site marketing, business-to-business marketing, buzz marketing, catalogue marketing, cause-related marketing, celebrity marketing, circulation marketing, comarketing, co-marketing, competitive marketing, concentrated marketing, consumer goods marketing, consumer marketing, consumer-oriented marketing, convergent marketing, conversion marketing, cooperative marketing 1), corporate marketing, countermarketing, counter-marketing, cross-marketing, customized marketing, database marketing, data-driven marketing, demarketing, developing marketing, differentiated marketing, dimensional marketing, direct mail marketing, direct marketing 1), direct response marketing, direct-mail marketing, divergent marketing, domestic marketing 1), door-to-door marketing, electronic marketing, e-marketing, enlightened marketing, ethnic marketing, event marketing, events marketing, exponential marketing, export marketing, farm marketing, financial marketing, foreign marketing, fraudulent marketing, front end marketing, front-end marketing, full-scale marketing, generic marketing, geodemographic marketing, global marketing 1), grassroots marketing, green marketing, grey marketing, health care marketing, housing marketing, idea marketing, incentive marketing, industrial marketing, innovative marketing, integrated marketing, interactive marketing, international marketing, 2), joint marketing, knowledge-based marketing, leveraged marketing, list marketing, local marketing 1), macromarketing, mass marketing 1), media marketing, megamarketing, micromarketing, micro-marketing, multilevel marketing, multisegment marketing, multistep marketing, multi-step marketing, national marketing 1), negative option marketing, network marketing, niche marketing, non-profit marketing, one-step marketing, one-to-one marketing, on-line marketing, operational marketing, opt-in marketing, opt-out marketing, organic marketing, organizational marketing, permission marketing, person marketing, personal marketing, personnel marketing, place marketing, political candidate marketing, political marketing, pre-emptive marketing, premarketing, pre-marketing, product marketing, product-differentiated marketing, product-oriented marketing, promotion marketing, promotional marketing, referral marketing, regional marketing 1), remarketing, request marketing, retail marketing, scientific marketing, segmented marketing, sense-of-mission marketing, services marketing, shopper marketing, social marketing, societal marketing, sports marketing, stimulating marketing, strategic marketing, structure marketing, supporting marketing, symbiotic marketing, synchro marketing, synchromarketing, tactical marketing, target marketing, targeted marketing, telemarketing, telephone marketing, television marketing, test marketing, trade marketing, undifferentiated marketing, unsegmented marketing, vacation marketing, value marketing, vendor marketing, video marketing, viral marketing, world marketing, marketing action, marketing administration, marketing agency, marketing agreement, marketing analysis, marketing analyst, marketing appeal, marketing approach, marketing area, marketing arithmetic, marketing audit, marketing auditor, marketing behaviour 1), marketing bill, marketing budget, marketing campaign, marketing capability, marketing career, marketing chain, marketing channel, marketing communications, marketing company, marketing concept, marketing consultant, marketing control, marketing cooperation, marketing cooperative, marketing cost, marketing database, marketing decision, marketing department, marketing editor, marketing effectiveness, marketing efficiency, marketing environment, marketing ethics, marketing evaluation, marketing event, marketing expenditure, marketing expense, marketing expense-to-sales analysis, marketing experiment, marketing facilities 2), marketing feasibility, marketing firm, marketing function, marketing image, marketing implications, marketing information system, marketing instrument, marketing intelligence, marketing intermediary, marketing launch, marketing level 1), marketing logistics, marketing man, marketing management, marketing manager, marketing margin, marketing media, marketing medium, marketing middleman, marketing mix, marketing model, marketing myopia, marketing niche, marketing offer, marketing opportunity, marketing organization, marketing orientation, marketing outlet 1), marketing overkill, marketing performance, marketing plan, marketing planning, marketing position 1), marketing positioning, marketing potential 1), marketing productivity, marketing representative, marketing research, marketing response, marketing risk, marketing science, marketing scientist, marketing segmentation, marketing service, marketing specialist, marketing spread, marketing stimulus, marketing strategy, marketing strength, marketing support, marketing system, marketing tactics, marketing technique, marketing tool, marketing transaction 1), marketing value, marketing warfare, marketing weakness, advertising, pricing, promotion, product line, ICC / ESOMAR International Code of Marketing and Social Research Practice, ICC Guidelines / Code on Advertising and Marketing on the Internet, ICC International Codes of Marketing and Advertising Practices, Journal of Marketing, Marketing Society, American Marketing Association, British Institute of Marketing, Chartered Institute of Marketing, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation, Communication, Advertising and Marketing Education Foundation3) торг. покупка продуктов (как правило, на рынке), закупка провизииI could prove that any male could do the weekly marketing at our local Ding Dong faster than any Mom. — Могу сказать с уверенностью, что любой мужчина может закупать провизию в нашем местном "Динг-Донге" быстрее домохозяйки.
See:4) потр., редк. предметы торговли; купленные товары [продукты\]See:
* * *
маркетинг: система методов и средств продвижения товаров от производителя к потребителю; включает анализ рынка, дизайн, разработку упаковки, организацию сбыта, рекламу и т. д.* * *. система организации производственно-сбытовой деятельности предприятия, в основе которой лежит комплексное изучение рынка, оценка и учет всех условий производства и сбыта продукции, товаров, услуг в ближайшее и более отдаленной перспективе. Основными элементами М. выступают: маркетинговые исследования и сбор информации, планирование ассортимента продукции, реализация, реклама и стимулирование сбыта. . Словарь экономических терминов 1 .* * *маркетинг’процесс выявления, максимизации и удовлетворения потребительского спроса на изделия компании -
44 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
45 Prämiensätze festsetzen
Prämiensätze festsetzen
to make premium rates;
• Prämienschatzanweisung premium treasury bond (US);
• Prämienschein premium bond (token), prize-drawing ticket;
• aufgrund von Erfahrungen aufgestelltes Prämienschema experience-rating plan;
• Prämienschuldverschreibungen premium bonds (Br.) (debentures);
• Prämienschwindel premium dodge (fam.);
• Prämiensenkung lowering (reduction) of premiums, rate cutting;
• Prämienspareinlagen contractual savings deposits (Br.);
• Prämiensparen contractual saving (Br.);
• Prämiensparkonto contractual savings account (Br.);
• indexgekoppeltes Prämiensparsystem save-as-you-earn system (Br.);
• Prämiensparvertrag contractual saving agreement;
• Prämienspekulant (Börse) option operator;
• Prämienstaffelung scale of premiums;
• Prämienstornierung cancellation of premium;
• in eine höhere Prämienstufe einstufen to rate up;
• Prämiensystem award system, (Betrieb) premium (bonus, wage-incentive) plan, bonus system, (Exportförderung) system of bounties;
• beschleunigtes Prämiensystem accelerated bonus plan;
• kollektives Prämiensystem group bonus plan;
• Prämientabelle scale of premiums;
• Prämientarif insurance tariff;
• Prämientarif für Vorzugsplatzierung (Anzeigenwesen) premium rate;
• Prämienüberhang (Versicherung) reserve for unearned premiums;
• Prämienüberschüsse (Lebensversicherung) net premium income;
• Prämienunternehmen gift enterprise;
• Prämienverdienst premium pay, bonus earnings;
• Prämienvergütung bonus payment;
• Prämienverkauf (Börse) option sale, sale of an option;
• Prämienverkäufer (Börse) taker of option money;
• Prämienversicherung proprietary insurance (assurance, Br.);
• reine Prämienversicherung non-participating insurance;
• Prämienversicherungsgesellschaft proprietary insurance company;
• Prämienverteilung distribution of prizes, bonus distribution;
• Prämienverzeichnis premium catalog(ue);
• Prämienverzicht abandonment of premiums;
• Prämienware, Prämienwerte (Börse) securities dealt on the option market, stock on option (Br.), option stocks (Br.);
• Prämienwesen incentive plan;
• Prämienwettbewerb rate competition.Business german-english dictionary > Prämiensätze festsetzen
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46 акция
1. campaign, ам. drive, action2. фин. share, stockобикновени акции defeired sharesпривилегировани акции preference/preferred shaiesакция на предявителя an ordinary shareакциите се покачват shares go up/rocketакциите спадат shaies go down/register a fallспекулации с акции stock jobbing, playing the marketакциите му се качват/порастват his stock is rising, he's become important, he's getting on in the worldмного му покачиха акциите they certainly boosted him up* * *а̀кция,ж., -и campaign, crusade, амер. drive, action.——————ж., -и фин. share, stock; \акцияи, които се котират на много ниски цени penny stocks; \акцияите му се качват/порастват прен. his stock is rising, he’s become important, he’s getting on in the world; \акцияите се покачват shares go up/rocket; \акцияите спадат shares go down/register a fall; \акцияя, даваща повече гласове при гласуване golden share; \акцияя на предявителя ordinary share; златна \акцияя golden share; котиране на \акцияите share/stock quotation; много се покачиха \акцияите му прен. they certainly boosted him up; необявена \акцияя unlisted stock; непривилегирована \акцияя амер. common stock; отсрочена \акцияя deferred share; поименна \акцияя personal share; преференциални \акцияи incentive shares; привилегировани \акцияи preference/preferred shares; раздробяване на \акцияи stock split; синя \акцияя blue chip; спекулации с \акцияи stock jobbing, playing the market.* * *action; campaign* * *1. 1 campaign, ам. drive, action 2. 2 фин. share, stock 3. АКЦИЯ на предявителя an ordinary share 4. акциите му се качват/ порастват his stock is rising, he's become important, he's getting on in the world 5. акциите се покачват shares go up/ rocket 6. акциите спадат shaies go down/register a fall 7. много му покачиха акциите they certainly boosted him up 8. обикновени акции defeired shares 9. поименна АКЦИЯ a personal share 10. привилегировани акции preference/preferred shaies 11. спекулации с акции stock jobbing, playing the market -
47 operation
1) действие; работа; эксплуатация; функционирование2) торговля; финансовая операция; сделка3) учётно-счётная операция4) (технологическая) операция, цикл обработки5) ведение хозяйственной деятельности (напр. производственной); (оперативное) управление производством6) амер. управление (машиной), приведение в действие7) pl мор. обработка грузов8) установка; цех; предприятие (с непрерывным процессом производства)9) мат. действие -
48 система систем·а
1) systemпривести в систему свои наблюдения — to systematize / to classify one's observations
административно-командная система, командно-административная система — administrative-command system, command-administrative system
аналогичная / подобная система — similar system
всеобъемлющая система международного мира и безопасности — comprehensive system of international peace and security
создание всеобъемлющей системы международной безопасности — setting up / establishment of a comprehensive system of international security
двухпартийная система — bypartisan / biparty / two-party / bicameral system
избирательная система — election / electoral system
капиталистическая система, система капитализма — capitalist system
установление в законодательном порядке многопартийной политической системы — institutionalization of pluralist political system
стабильная / устойчивая система — stable system
2) эк. (форма организации чего-л.) systemЕвропейская валютная система — European Monetary System, EMS
"чистая" валютная система (основанная на ключевых валютах без участия золота) — pure key-currency system
застывшая система — ossified / unchanging system
потогонная система — speed up / sweating / sweat-shop system
рыночная система, система свободного рынка — market / free-market system
финансовая система — system of finance, financial system
системы льгот / преференций — preference schemes
система национальных счетов, СНС — System of National Accounts, SNA
система оплаты труда — system of labour payments, wage system
система отчисления взносов — dues "check-off" system
3) (совокупность принципов) systemсистема "промывания мозгов" — brainwashing system
4) (совокупность организаций, учреждений или предприятий) system, networkФедеральная резервная система (США) — Federal Reserve System, FRS
система всеобщего бесплатного больничного и медицинского обслуживания — system of universal free hospital and medical care
5) воен. systemпротиворакетная система с элементами космического базирования — space-based antiballistic missile system
противоспутниковая система, система противоспутниковой обороны — antisatellite system
развёртывание системы МИРВ (ракет с разделяющимися головными частями индивидуального наведения на цель) — mirving
система дальнего обнаружения баллистических ракет — ballistic missile early warning system, BMEWS
система передового базирования — forward-based systems, FBS
система противолодочной обороны, ПЛО — antisubmarine system
системы противоракетной обороны, ПРО — antiballistic missile / ABM systems
системы управления и связи — control and communications centres / systems
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49 fund
1.2.1) запас, резерв, фонд2) pl фонды, денежные средства•The funds hit the account. — Средства «упали» на счет, средства переведены на счет.
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50 fare
n(пасажирський) тариф; вартість перевезення (пасажира)◊•- adopted fare - adult fare - advance booking fare - advance purchase fare - advance purchase excursion fare - affinity group fare - agreed fare - air fare - applicable fare - approved fare - arbitrary fare - average fare per passenger-mile - basic fare - basing fare - BIT fare - boungled fare - bulk inclusive tour fare - business class fare - cabotage fare - CBIT fare - charter class fare - child fare - circle trip fare - coach fare - combination fare - combination through fare - combined fare - common interest group fare - concession fare - constructed fare - contract bulk inclusive tour fare - creative fare - day round trip fare - deep discount fare - direct route fare - discount fare - discounted fare - domestic fare - economy class fare - economy fare - emigrant fare - excursion fare - extra fare - family fare - fare for carriage - fill-up fare - first-class fare - flat fare - group fare - group inclusive tour fare - higher intermediate fare - inaugural fare - incentive fare - incentive group fare - inclusive tour fare - individual inclusive tour fare - infant fare - innovative fare - instant purchase fare - interline fare - intermediate class fare - internal fare - joint fare - local currency fare - local fare - low fare - matching fare - migrant fare - night fare - normal fare - normal applicable fare - normal economy fare - off-peak fare - off-season fare - one-way fare - on-season fare - one-way fare - on-season fare - open-jaw fare - open-market fare - package type fare - passenger fare - peak fare - pilgrim fare - point-to-point fare - promotional fare - proportional fare - prorated fare - public fare - published fare - reduced fare - refugee fare - regular fare - return fare - round trip fare - seaman's fare - sectorial fare - ship's crew fare - shoulder fare - shoulder season fare - single fare - special fare - specified fare - spouse fare - standby fare - student fare - through fare - tour-basing fare - tourist fare - tour operator's package fare - trip fare - two-in-one fare - two-way fare - unpublished fare - worker fare - youth fare -
51 scheme
ski:m
1. сущ.
1) нечто задуманное, спланированное а) план, проект;
программа to concoct, cook up, devise, think up a scheme ≈ думать над проектом, обдумывать проект to foil, thwart a scheme ≈ разрушать планы diabolical scheme ≈ дьявольский план, коварный замысел fantastic scheme ≈ фантастический, нереальный план get-rich-quick scheme ≈ план быстрого обогащения grandiose scheme ≈ грандиозный план nefarious scheme ≈ бесчестные, гнусные, низкие интриги preposterous, wild-eyed scheme ≈ нелепый, абсурдный план she concocted a scheme to get publicity ≈ она придумала план, как завоевать общественное мнение б) интрига, махинация;
козни, происки bubble scheme Syn: machination, intrigues, intrigue
2) система, устройство;
построение, план Syn: system
3) а) рисунок, схема;
диаграмма, чертеж (графическое представление какой-то структуры) б) конспект, общая картина, портрет( краткое письменное или словесное изложение)
2. гл.
1) замышлять( недоброе) ;
плести интриги, интриговать Many politicians are mostly concerned with scheming for personal power. ≈ Многие политики главным образом озабочены тем, чтобы захватить власть в свои руки.
2) планировать, проектировать, составлять план план, проект, программа - a * of work график /план/ работы - a * for a canal проект канала - a * of maneuver( военное) план маневра - simple * простой план /проект/ - to draw up a * набросать план /проект/ - now, what's the *? (разговорное) ну, каков план действий? - to lay down a * of education излагать программу образования - under the proposed * согласно предложенному плану замысел - daring * дерзкий замысел система, структура, построение - (a) colour * сочетание цветов - an effective colour * эффектный подбор цветов - a * of life уклад жизни - the * of a sonata построение сонаты - the * of the sonnet форма /структура/ сонета - the * of society структура общества тайный или нечестный замысел, заговор;
махинация, интрига - shady *s темные махинации - *s and intrigues махинации и интриги - to lay /to devise, to concoct/ a * to do smth. замышлять что-л. - to thwart smb.'s *s сорвать чьи-л. замыслы краткий план, конспект;
резюме - to give the students a * of work for the year дать студентам план работы на текущий год схема, чертеж, диаграмма pl пустые мечты, прожекты (логика) (философское) схема (диалектизм) эскапада, веселый кутеж( устаревшее) внешняя форма, внешний вид( устаревшее) гороскоп замышлять (недоброе) ;
строить тайные планы - to * smb.'s downfall строить тайные планы свержения кого-л. плести интриги, интриговать - to * for power интригами добиваться власти - he had been scheming for a bigger share in the running of the business интригами он пытался добиться большего участия в управлении предприятием планировать;
разрабатывать план, проект ( чего-л.) - to * a system of water supply разрабатывать проект водоснабжения - to * out a new method of langauge teaching разработать /изобрести/ новый метод преподавания языков( редкое) сводить к схеме, к формуле agricultural ~ структура сельского хозяйства allocation ~ вчт. схема размещения amended ~ усовершенствованная программа amortization ~ план погашения долга в рассрочку assurance ~ система гарантий audit ~ порядок ревизии axiom ~ схема аксиом block ~ блок-схема block ~ структурная схема bonus ~ порядок получения надбавок к заработной плате bonus ~ система участия в прибылях ~ интрига, махинация;
происки;
bubble scheme дутое предприятие certification ~ порядок сертификации classification ~ система классификации coding ~ вчт. схема кодирования ~ система, построение, расположение;
under the present scheme of society при современном устройстве общества;
a colour scheme сочетание цветов Community ~ структура Европейского экономического сообщества company health insurance ~ система страхования работников компании от болезней compulsory insurance ~ страх. порядок обязательного страхования computational ~ вычислительный алгоритм concessionary ~ концессионная политика conditional sale ~ порядок условной продажи conversion ~ порядок конверсии costing ~ порядок калькуляции себестоимости debt rescheduling ~ программа реструктуризации долга decoding ~ схема декодирования depositors' guarantee ~ программа обеспечения защиты вкладов discount ~ система учетных ставок distribution ~ система распределения duty ~ график дежурств explanatory ~ пояснительная схема financial ~ финансовый план financing ~ план финансирования financing ~ программа финансирования forward cover ~ порядок срочного покрытия валютного риска general aid ~ программа общей помощи guarantee ~ система гарантий hedging ~ бирж. система хеджирования home help ~ соц. система помощи на дому home market ~ структура внутреннего рынка implement a ~ осуществлять план incentive ~ система материального стимулирования index account ~ система индексации instalment ~ система продажи в рассрочку insurance ~ система страхования investor protection ~ система защиты инвестора land consolidation ~ программа укрупнения участков земли large-scale ~ крупномасштабный проект ~ план, проект;
программа;
to lay a scheme составлять план, задумывать, замышлять loan ~ программа кредитования loan ~ система кредитования market making ~ программа создания рынка marketing ~ программа сбыта продукции marketing ~ система маркетинга national pension ~ государственная программа пенсионного обеспечения new ~ новый порядок notification ~ порядок уведомления obligatory insurance ~ система обязательного страхования optimization ~ схема оптимизации pension fund ~ программа пенсионного обеспечения pension ~ пенсионная система (общий термин) pension ~ программа пенсионного обеспечения pensions assurance ~ программа страхового пенсионного обеспечения pilot ~ пробная схема pilot ~ экспериментальный план pool ~ объединение пенсионных фондов нескольких предприятий preservation ~ порядок охраны priority ~ вчт. система приоритетов private superannuation ~ система частных пенсий по выслуге лет probability ~ вероятностная схема profit-sharing ~ программа участия в прибылях компании quality label ~ система знаков качества quota ~ система квот rationalization ~ программа рационализации refinancing ~ система рефинансирования registration ~ порядок регистрации repurchase ~ система продажи и обратной покупки reward ~ система поощрений rotation ~ программа чередования sampling ~ план выборки savings ~ программа накопления сбережений scheme вчт. алгоритм ~ диаграмма ~ замышлять (недоброе) ;
плести интриги ~ интрига, махинация;
происки;
bubble scheme дутое предприятие ~ конспект;
краткое изложение ~ план, проект;
программа;
to lay a scheme составлять план, задумывать, замышлять ~ план ~ планировать, проектировать ~ последовательность операций ~ программа ~ проект ~ система, построение, расположение;
under the present scheme of society при современном устройстве общества;
a colour scheme сочетание цветов ~ система ~ структура ~ схема, чертеж ~ схема ~ of arrangement порядок разрешения спорных вопросов ~ of arrangement порядок урегулирования претензий ~ of arrangement схема мероприятия ~ of arrangement negotiations переговоры о порядке урегулирования претензий ~ of arrangement proposal предложение о порядке урегулирования претензий ~ of distribution схема распределения ~ of payment порядок платежей ~ of social security benefits система пособий по социальному страхованию selective financing ~ система выборочного финансирования self-pensioning ~ программа пенсионного обеспечения за счет собственных средств selling ~ программа продажи settlement ~ порядок производства расчетов simulation ~ схема моделирования slum clearance ~ план сноса ветхих домов sorting ~ способ сортировки special deposit ~ система специальных депозитов special financing ~ система специального финансирования statutory insurance ~ установленная законом программа страхования subsidy ~ программа дотаций subsidy ~ программа субсидий superannuation ~ программа пенсионного обеспечения support ~ план поддержки support ~ проект поддержки tax avoidance ~ система уклонения от налогов tax declaration ~ порядок представления налоговой декларации tax-privileged savings ~ программа аккумуляции сбережений с налоговыми льготами taxation ~ порядок налогообложения town planning ~ программа городского планирования training ~ план профподготовки transitional ~ временный план trial ~ предварительная схема ~ система, построение, расположение;
under the present scheme of society при современном устройстве общества;
a colour scheme сочетание цветов unemployment benefit ~ программа пособий по безработице wiring ~ схема коммутации -
52 dealer
сущ.1)а) торг. делец, коммерсант, торговец, торговый посредник, агент по продажеSyn:See:art dealer, arts dealer, auto dealer, automobile dealer, farm equipment dealer, farm machinery dealer, illicit dealer, petty dealer, rag and junk dealer, real estate dealer, retail dealer, second hand dealer, second-hand dealer, wholesale dealer, dealer in gross, Automobile Dealers, Automotive Dealers and Gasoline Service Stations, Building Material and Garden Equipment and Supplies Dealers, Building Material and Supplies Dealersб) торг. дилер (физическое или юридическое лицо, осуществляющее деловое или торговое посредничество за свой счет, как правило, крупное торгово-посредническое предприятие, которое занимается крупномасштабной закупкой товаров и их поставкой в розничную сеть)See:authorized dealer, exclusive dealer, franchise dealer, franchised dealer, gaming dealers, imprint dealer, investment dealer, remainder dealer, service dealer, dealer aid, dealer brand, dealer's brand, dealer imprint, dealer incentive, dealer loader, dealer market, dealer network, dealer outlet, dealer service а), dealer space, dealer spot, dealer super, dealer system, dealer tag, dealer tie-in, exclusive dealership, dealership, sales agent, dealer-compliance representative2) торг., сленг дилер, торговец наркотиками (обычно небольшими партиями, "в розницу")Syn:3) бирж. дилер (юридическое лицо, осуществляющее биржевое посредничество за свой счет и от своего имени)See:currency dealer, dealer in securities, dealer in stocks, exchange dealer, exempt dealer, foreign exchange dealer, foreign-exchange dealer, gilt-edged dealer, inter broker dealer, inter-broker dealer, international dealer, licenced dealer, odd lot dealer, odd-lot dealer, option dealer, paper dealer, primary dealer, recognized dealer, reporting dealer, securities dealer, security dealer, dealer association, dealer bank, dealer option, dealer paper, dealer service б), dealers' association, dealer's spread, National Association of Securities Dealers Rules of Fair Practice, Association of Futures Brokers and Dealers, Association of International Bond Dealers, European Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations system, International Swap Dealers Association, National Association of Securities Dealers, National Association of Securities Dealers and Investment Managers, National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation, National Association of Securities Dealers Automatic Quotation System,
* * *
дилер: 1) компания или физическое лицо, которые оперируют на бирже (рынке) за собственный счет, т. е. как принципалы, принимающие риск на себя; см. broker-dealer; 2) сотрудник банка, специализирующийся на проведении конверсионных, депозитных и др. операций на финансовых рынках; 3) оптовый покупатель товаров и услуг для розничной перепродажи потребителям (напр., "дилер Форда" специализируется на покупке машин у Форда для перепродажи, но не является торговым представителем Форда, т. к. берет на себя риск).* * *. Юридическое лицо, выражающее готовность и желание покупать ценные бумаги на свое имя (по своей предлагаемой цене) или продавать их от своего имени (по своей запрашиваемой цене) . посредник (частное лицо или фирма) в торговых сделках купли-продажи ценных бумаг, товаров и валюты; действует, как правило, от своего имени и за свой счет; разница между ценой приобретения и ценой продажи чего-либо составляет его доход (прибыль). Инвестиционная деятельность .* * *Ценные бумаги/Биржевая деятельностьлицо, которое заключает от своего имени сделки, выступая в роли принципала на фондовой или товарной бирже-----биржевой торговец, заключающий сделку за свой счет -
53 group
1. сущ.1) общ. группа; набор, комплект (несколько человек, предметов и т. п., собранных вместе)See:African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States, African, Caribbean, and Pacific Group of States2) пол. группа, группировка (несколько людей, имеющих общие взгляды или интересы)See:3) соц. = social group4) эк. группа ( несколько компаний под единым управлением)5) воен. (объединение из двух и более батальонов; в воздушных войсках — объединение двух и более эскадрилий)6) мат. группа чисел (слагаемые, множители и иные числа, которые участвуют в какой-л. математической операции)7) лингв. группа, класс ( языков)8) пол. = parliamentary group2. гл.общ. создать [образовать, основать\] группу, объединить (кого-л. или что-л.); сгруппироваться, объединиться ( в группу)Can you group these things together?— Ты можешь объединить эти предметы?
Spectators grouped in twos. — Зрители встали парами.
Syn:team 2. 1)3. прил.общ. групповой ( связанный с группой людей или групповым характером деятельности)group tour — групповой тур, групповое путешествие
Syn:team 3.See:group market, group decision, group appraisal, group discount, group discussion, group financial statement, group incentive, group selection
* * *
1) группа, концерн: объединение юридически самостоятельных компаний под единым руководством путем системы участий в капитале; 2) рабочая группа для решения определенной проблемы; группа сотрудников.* * *. . Словарь экономических терминов . -
54 wage
1. сущ.эк. тр., часто мн. заработная плата, зарплата (сумма, выплачиваемая работодателем наемному работнику в зависимости от количества отработанного времени или выполненного объема работ; часто устанавливается на почасовой или понедельной основе; обычно термин применяется к оплате труда рабочих и неквалифицированных работников; в статистике национального дохода рассматривается как элемент национального дохода наряду с процентом и рентой)ATTRIBUTES:
starting [initial\] wage — [начальная\] заработная плата
male wage — заработная плата, получаемая мужчинами
female wage — заработная плата, получаемая женщинами
farm wage — заработная плата сельскохозяйственного рабочего*, фермерская заработная плата*, заработная плата в фермерском хозяйстве*
Since 1990, farm wage rates have risen more than 40 percent. — С 1990 г. ставки заработной платы сельскохозяйственным рабочим увеличились более чем на 40 процентов.
COMBS:
reduction of wages, a wage cut, cut in wages — снижение [сокращение\] заработной платы
wage increase — рост [повышение\] заработной платы
wage rise [hike\] — прибавка к заработной плате
wage payment — выплата [выдача\] заработной платы
deduction from wage — вычет [удержание\] из заработной платы
workers, whose wages average $10 to $12 an hour — работники, заработная плата которых составляет в среднем от 10 до 12 долл. за час
to cut [dock\] wages — снижать [сокращать, урезать\] заработную плату
to get [earn, be paid\] a good wage — хорошо зарабатывать
to pay wage — платить [выплачивать\] заработную плату
to pay high [low\] wages — платить высокую [низкую\] заработную плату
See:above-equilibrium wage, acceptance wage, all-in wage, annual wages, asking wage, back wages, base wage, basic wage, below-equilibrium wage, black wage, board wages, cash wage, community wage, daily wage, day wage, day's wage, direct wages, dismissal wage, efficiency wage, equilibrium wage, family wage, fixed wage, flexible wage, full-time wage, graduated wage, gross wage, guaranteed wage, hourly wage, incentive wage, living minimum wage, market clearing wage, market equilibrium wage, minimum wage, money wage, monthly wage, net wage, nominal wage, non-union wage, part-time wage, piece wage, piece-rate wage, premium wage, progressive wage, real wage, reservation wage, severance wage, social wage, subminimum wage, subsistence wage, take-home wage, terminal wage, time wage, union wage, wage in kind, wage per hour, wage per week, wages payable, weekly wage, white wage, yearly wages, assignment of wages, wage agreement, wage ceiling, wages clerk, wage compression, wage control, wage differential, wage dumping, wage earner, wage employee, wage erosion, wage freeze, wage labour, wage level, wage rate, salary 1. wage and salary administration, pay packet, pay range, time rate 1), piece rate, fee 1. 1) а), commission 1. 2) а), earnings 1), remuneration 1), emolument 1), pay 1. 1) а), waged, W-2 form2. гл.общ. вести, проводить, осуществлять (войну, общественную кампанию и т. п.)to wage a war on [against\] smb./smth. — вести войну против кого-л./чего-л.
to wage a war against [on\] terrorism — вести войну с терроризмом
to wage a contest — состязаться, соревноваться
* * *
заработная плата; плата за выполненную работу в зависимости от часов или дней работы или от количества произведенной продукции. -
55 MI
1) Общая лексика: средний инициал (Middle Initial)2) Компьютерная техника: Memory Information3) Медицина: механический индекс (mechanical index), mitral insufficiency (недостаточность митрального клапана), myocardial infarction (инфаркт миокарда)4) Латинский язык: Militia Immaculatae5) Военный термин: Members Interests, Message Indicator, Middle Initial, Midway Island, Military Industry, Mission Impossible, Mobile Infantry, Mustered In, maintenance instruction, manned interceptor, master item, material inspection, material inspector, medical inspection, midcource intercept, military instruction, military intelligence, military internee, military interpreter, military item, missile industry, missile intercept, modification instruction, mounted infantry, musketry instructor6) Техника: Model Independent, manual input, matrix inversion, memory interface, microphone, military interrogator, modulation index, moving-in, statute mile, обозначение наземных подвижных станций7) Шутливое выражение: Midnight Insanity8) Железнодорожный термин: Union Pacific Railroad Company9) Юридический термин: Malicious Intent, Masked Intruder, Mentally Insane10) Бухгалтерия: minority interest11) Биржевой термин: Market Intelligence12) Грубое выражение: Mental Idiot13) Политика: Malawi14) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Marshall Islands), Machine Intelligence, Management Instruction, Maori, Maritime Interdiction, Miami, Michigan (US state), Michigan, Motion Imagery, malleable iron, manufacturing instruction, missile, mortality index, Multiple Inheritance, myocardial infarction, МУ (муниципальное учреждение - municipal institution), Measles Initiative15) Текстиль: Made In16) Университет: Musicians Institute17) Физиология: Mental illness, Mitral Insufficiency, Multiple Intelligences18) Электроника: Measurement Interval19) Вычислительная техника: machine interface, microimage, microinstruction20) Нефть: Min E Member of the Institute of Mining Engineers, management info, moving in, доставка на буровую (оборудования, moving in), инструкция по техническому обслуживанию (maintenance instruction), показатель ремонтопригодности (maintainability index), mineral interest (see also: minerals), miscible injectant21) Онкология: Miocardial Infarction22) Пищевая промышленность: Menu Item23) Фирменный знак: Manga International, Millipore, Monza Indianapolis24) СМИ: Michigan Indoors, Moving Image25) Деловая лексика: Missing Intern26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: management incentive, mineral insulation27) Образование: Measurement Incorporated28) Сетевые технологии: Multi Interface, management interface29) Полимеры: melt index30) Программирование: Maskable Interrupt, Micro Instruction31) Автоматика: manufacturing intelligence32) Контроль качества: maintainability index33) Океанография: Missing Ice34) Химическое оружие: Market Investigation35) Безопасность: Message Invader36) Расширение файла: Miscellaneous37) Нефть и газ: MV impulse amplitude, microinverse, microlateral38) Электротехника: mineral insulated39) Общественная организация: MOPS International40) Должность: Master Iridologist41) НАСА: Mode Indicator -
56 Mi
1) Общая лексика: средний инициал (Middle Initial)2) Компьютерная техника: Memory Information3) Медицина: механический индекс (mechanical index), mitral insufficiency (недостаточность митрального клапана), myocardial infarction (инфаркт миокарда)4) Латинский язык: Militia Immaculatae5) Военный термин: Members Interests, Message Indicator, Middle Initial, Midway Island, Military Industry, Mission Impossible, Mobile Infantry, Mustered In, maintenance instruction, manned interceptor, master item, material inspection, material inspector, medical inspection, midcource intercept, military instruction, military intelligence, military internee, military interpreter, military item, missile industry, missile intercept, modification instruction, mounted infantry, musketry instructor6) Техника: Model Independent, manual input, matrix inversion, memory interface, microphone, military interrogator, modulation index, moving-in, statute mile, обозначение наземных подвижных станций7) Шутливое выражение: Midnight Insanity8) Железнодорожный термин: Union Pacific Railroad Company9) Юридический термин: Malicious Intent, Masked Intruder, Mentally Insane10) Бухгалтерия: minority interest11) Биржевой термин: Market Intelligence12) Грубое выражение: Mental Idiot13) Политика: Malawi14) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Marshall Islands), Machine Intelligence, Management Instruction, Maori, Maritime Interdiction, Miami, Michigan (US state), Michigan, Motion Imagery, malleable iron, manufacturing instruction, missile, mortality index, Multiple Inheritance, myocardial infarction, МУ (муниципальное учреждение - municipal institution), Measles Initiative15) Текстиль: Made In16) Университет: Musicians Institute17) Физиология: Mental illness, Mitral Insufficiency, Multiple Intelligences18) Электроника: Measurement Interval19) Вычислительная техника: machine interface, microimage, microinstruction20) Нефть: Min E Member of the Institute of Mining Engineers, management info, moving in, доставка на буровую (оборудования, moving in), инструкция по техническому обслуживанию (maintenance instruction), показатель ремонтопригодности (maintainability index), mineral interest (see also: minerals), miscible injectant21) Онкология: Miocardial Infarction22) Пищевая промышленность: Menu Item23) Фирменный знак: Manga International, Millipore, Monza Indianapolis24) СМИ: Michigan Indoors, Moving Image25) Деловая лексика: Missing Intern26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: management incentive, mineral insulation27) Образование: Measurement Incorporated28) Сетевые технологии: Multi Interface, management interface29) Полимеры: melt index30) Программирование: Maskable Interrupt, Micro Instruction31) Автоматика: manufacturing intelligence32) Контроль качества: maintainability index33) Океанография: Missing Ice34) Химическое оружие: Market Investigation35) Безопасность: Message Invader36) Расширение файла: Miscellaneous37) Нефть и газ: MV impulse amplitude, microinverse, microlateral38) Электротехника: mineral insulated39) Общественная организация: MOPS International40) Должность: Master Iridologist41) НАСА: Mode Indicator -
57 mi
1) Общая лексика: средний инициал (Middle Initial)2) Компьютерная техника: Memory Information3) Медицина: механический индекс (mechanical index), mitral insufficiency (недостаточность митрального клапана), myocardial infarction (инфаркт миокарда)4) Латинский язык: Militia Immaculatae5) Военный термин: Members Interests, Message Indicator, Middle Initial, Midway Island, Military Industry, Mission Impossible, Mobile Infantry, Mustered In, maintenance instruction, manned interceptor, master item, material inspection, material inspector, medical inspection, midcource intercept, military instruction, military intelligence, military internee, military interpreter, military item, missile industry, missile intercept, modification instruction, mounted infantry, musketry instructor6) Техника: Model Independent, manual input, matrix inversion, memory interface, microphone, military interrogator, modulation index, moving-in, statute mile, обозначение наземных подвижных станций7) Шутливое выражение: Midnight Insanity8) Железнодорожный термин: Union Pacific Railroad Company9) Юридический термин: Malicious Intent, Masked Intruder, Mentally Insane10) Бухгалтерия: minority interest11) Биржевой термин: Market Intelligence12) Грубое выражение: Mental Idiot13) Политика: Malawi14) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Marshall Islands), Machine Intelligence, Management Instruction, Maori, Maritime Interdiction, Miami, Michigan (US state), Michigan, Motion Imagery, malleable iron, manufacturing instruction, missile, mortality index, Multiple Inheritance, myocardial infarction, МУ (муниципальное учреждение - municipal institution), Measles Initiative15) Текстиль: Made In16) Университет: Musicians Institute17) Физиология: Mental illness, Mitral Insufficiency, Multiple Intelligences18) Электроника: Measurement Interval19) Вычислительная техника: machine interface, microimage, microinstruction20) Нефть: Min E Member of the Institute of Mining Engineers, management info, moving in, доставка на буровую (оборудования, moving in), инструкция по техническому обслуживанию (maintenance instruction), показатель ремонтопригодности (maintainability index), mineral interest (see also: minerals), miscible injectant21) Онкология: Miocardial Infarction22) Пищевая промышленность: Menu Item23) Фирменный знак: Manga International, Millipore, Monza Indianapolis24) СМИ: Michigan Indoors, Moving Image25) Деловая лексика: Missing Intern26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: management incentive, mineral insulation27) Образование: Measurement Incorporated28) Сетевые технологии: Multi Interface, management interface29) Полимеры: melt index30) Программирование: Maskable Interrupt, Micro Instruction31) Автоматика: manufacturing intelligence32) Контроль качества: maintainability index33) Океанография: Missing Ice34) Химическое оружие: Market Investigation35) Безопасность: Message Invader36) Расширение файла: Miscellaneous37) Нефть и газ: MV impulse amplitude, microinverse, microlateral38) Электротехника: mineral insulated39) Общественная организация: MOPS International40) Должность: Master Iridologist41) НАСА: Mode Indicator -
58 Händler
Händler m 1. BÖRSE trading member, dealer, broker-dealer; 2. GEN dealer, trader, agent; 3. V&M vendor* * *Händler
trader, tradesman, merchant, [market] dealer, monger, marketeer, barterer, (Börse) stockjobber, (Kleingewerbe) chandler, (Ladenbesitzer) shopkeeper, storekeeper (US);
• ambulanter (fliegender, umherziehender) Händler itinerant (door-to-door) trader, costermonger, hawker, barrowman (Br.), pedlar (Br.), peddler (US);
• autorisierter Händler franchised dealer;
• drittklassiger Händler third-market dealer;
• fliegender Händler pedlar, street (door-to-door) trader;
• unbedeutender Händler petty dealer;
• zugelassener Händler franchised dealer;
• Händler in kleinen Effektenabschnitten odd-lot dealer (US);
• Händler mit eigenem Lager stockist (Br.), rack jobber (US);
• Händler mit großen (bedeutenden) Umsätzen heavy dealer;
• Händler in festverzinslichen Werten bond trading officer;
• Händler nicht mehr beliefern to withhold supplies of goods from a dealer;
• Händlerakkreditiv merchant’s letter of credit;
• Händleranalyse dealer research;
• eingedruckte Händler anschrift, Händleraufdruck dealer imprint;
• Händlerbefragung dealer survey (research), shop audit;
• Händlergefolgschaft dealer force;
• Händlergruppe bei einer Versteigerung ring of dealers at an auction;
• Händlerinterview dealer interview;
• eingebaute Händlerkodierung built-in dealers’ coding;
• Händlerkontrolle dealer control;
• Händlerlager dealer inventory;
• Händlermarge trade discount;
• Händlermarke private (dealer) brand;
• Händlernachlass dealer’s rebate;
• Händlernetz dealer network;
• Händlerobligo dealer’s engagement;
• Händlerorganisation dealer organization (outlet);
• Händlerpreis trade price;
• Händlerrabatt distributor’s (trade, functional, US) discount, dealer’s rebate (allowance, abatement, discount), discount earned (allowed to dealers);
• Händlerstand pitch (Br.);
• Händlerverband retail association (US);
• Händlerverdienstspanne dealer markup;
• Händlervereinbarung mit Ausschließlichkeitsklausel exclusive dealer arrangement (US);
• Händlervereinigung dealer organization, retail association (US);
• Händlerwerbung trade advertising, dealer merchandising plan;
• Händlerwettbewerb dealer incentive contest;
• Händlerzeitschrift trade paper;
• Händlerzettel (Börse) slip. -
59 prezzo
m priceprezzo di listino recommended retail priceprezzo promozionale special introductory priceaumento m del prezzo price increasea buon prezzo cheapfig a caro prezzo dearlya metà prezzo half-pricea qualunque prezzo at any costprezzo netto net price* * *prezzo s.m.1 price; ( cifra) figure; ( costo) cost; ( tariffa) rate, fare: il prezzo di un vestito, the price of a dress; il prezzo di un biglietto aereo, the air fare (o the price of an air ticket); scusi, mi può dire il prezzo di questo libro?, excuse me, can you tell me the price of this book?; te lo cederò a un prezzo equo, I'll let you have it at a fair price; fissare il prezzo, to fix (o to set) the price; trattare il prezzo, to negotiate the price; il prezzo è da convenirsi, the price is to be agreed upon; i prezzi cedono, prices are falling (o dropping); i prezzi precipitano, prices are plummeting; i prezzi si sono stabilizzati, prices have stabilized; i prezzi sono in rialzo, prices are on the rise; calcolare i prezzi al minimo, to cut prices close; fare il prezzo di qlco., to value sthg.; praticare, fare prezzi alti, bassi, to charge high, low prices; tirare sul prezzo, to bargain (o to haggle) over the price; esporre i prezzi, to display prices (o to have prices on display) // a caro, poco prezzo, at a high, low price; a metà prezzo, at half price // pagare a caro prezzo qlco., (anche fig.) to pay dear (o dearly o high) for sthg.: ha pagato il successo a caro prezzo, (fig.) he paid a high price for his success; venderemo la pelle a caro prezzo, (fig.) we'll sell our lives dearly // senza prezzo, ( non prezzato) unpriced, (fig.) ( impagabile) priceless: quell'oggetto non ha, è senza prezzo, that object is priceless // prezzo del riscatto, redemption price // prezzo del silenzio, hush-money // a prezzo di grandi sacrifici, at the cost of great sacrifices // a qualunque prezzo, at any cost // (comm.): prezzo a pronti, per contanti, cash (o spot) price; prezzo al consumo, consumer price; prezzo al rivenditore, trade price; prezzo di acquisto, purchase price; prezzo di copertina, published price; prezzo di costo, cost price; prezzo di offerta, di fornitura, offer price, supply price; prezzo di aggiudicazione, knockdown price; prezzo di rivendita, resale price; prezzo del giorno, current (o market o ruling) price; prezzo di vendita, selling price; prezzo massimo, top (o ceiling) price; prezzo minimo, lowest (o floor o knockdown) price; prezzo offerto, ( nelle aste) bid price; prezzo propaganda, di lancio, incentive price (o introductory offer); prezzo sorvegliato, controlled price; prezzo stabile, steady price; prezzo fisso, fixed price; prezzo unitario, unit price; prezzo ultimo, bottom price; prezzo stracciato, rock-bottom price // (econ.): prezzo amministrato, administered price; prezzi controllati, controlled (o regulated) prices; prezzo di compensazione, making-up price; prezzo di entrata, ( nella CEE) threshold price; prezzo di domanda, asking (o demand) price; prezzo di preventivo, di stima, estimated price; prezzo imposto, specified (o forced) price; prezzo indicizzato, indexed (o escalation) price; prezzi d'intervento, ( nella CEE) intervention (o trigger) prices // (fin.): prezzo alla scadenza, redemption price; prezzo di emissione, issue price (o price of issue); prezzo di sottoscrizione, subscription price // (Borsa): prezzo del riporto, contango (o making-up) price; prezzo denaro di domanda, bid price; prezzo di dopoborsa, street price; prezzo lettera, ask price (o offer price); alzare i prezzi, to bull the market // (mar.): prezzo sdoganato, price ex dock; prezzo del nolo, freight charge2 ( valore) value, worth: oggetto di poco, di gran prezzo, object of little, great value; prezzo d'affezione, sentimental value; dare un alto prezzo a qlco., to set a high value (up)on sthg.3 pl. ( condizioni) terms; charges: quali sono i vostri prezzi per vitto e alloggio?, what are your terms for board and lodging?; i vostri prezzi sono troppo alti, your charges are too high4 (non com.) ( stima, considerazione) esteem, consideration: tenere qlcu. in gran prezzo, to hold s.o. in great esteem.* * *['prɛttso]1. sma buon prezzo — cheaply, at a good price
a prezzo di costo — at cost, at cost price Brit
tirare sul prezzo — to bargain, haggle
ti faccio un prezzo d'amico o di favore — I'll let you have it at a reduced price
è una cosa di poco prezzo — it's of little value, it's not worth much
2.* * *['prɛttso]sostantivo maschileprezzo del biglietto aereo, del treno — air, train fare
prezzo della corsa — (di taxi) taxi fare
vendere qcs. a un buon prezzo — to sell sth. at o for a good price
aumentare, scendere di prezzo — to go up, fall in price
pagare qcs. a caro prezzo — fig. to pay dearly o a high price for sth.
ogni cosa ha il suo prezzo — fig. you can't expect a free ride, nothing is for nothing
il prezzo del silenzio — colloq. fig. hush money
2) (cartellino) price label, price tag3) (sacrificio) price, cost4) (valore affettivo, morale) price, valuel'amicizia non ha prezzo — you can't put a price o value on friendship
•prezzo base — comm. reserve (price), target price; (alle aste) upset price AE
menu a prezzo fisso — fixed o set menu
prezzo di vendita — sale price, selling price
* * *prezzo/'prεttso/sostantivo m.1 (costo) price, cost, value; (tariffa) fare, rate; prezzo del biglietto aereo, del treno air, train fare; prezzo della corsa (di taxi) taxi fare; a prezzo ridotto on the cheap; la colazione è compresa nel prezzo breakfast is included in the price; al prezzo di 10 euro at a cost of 10 euros; prezzo al chilo price per kilo; vendere qcs. a un buon prezzo to sell sth. at o for a good price; aumentare, scendere di prezzo to go up, fall in price; pagare qcs. a caro prezzo fig. to pay dearly o a high price for sth.; ogni cosa ha il suo prezzo fig. you can't expect a free ride, nothing is for nothing; il prezzo del silenzio colloq. fig. hush money2 (cartellino) price label, price tag; su alcuni articoli non c'era il prezzo certain items were unpriced3 (sacrificio) price, cost; è il prezzo che si deve pagare per la fama that's the price one pays for being famous4 (valore affettivo, morale) price, value; l'amicizia non ha prezzo you can't put a price o value on friendshipprezzo d'acquisto purchase price; prezzo base comm. reserve (price), target price; (alle aste) upset price AE; prezzo di copertina retail price; prezzo di costo cost price; prezzo di fabbrica factory price; prezzo fisso set price; menu a prezzo fisso fixed o set menu; prezzo di listino list price; prezzo di vendita sale price, selling price. -
60 stimulation
noun2) (fig.) Anregung, die; (of reaction) Hervorrufen, das; (of interest, curiosity) Wecken, das; (of economy, market, growth, sales) Belebung, die* * *noun die Anregung* * *stimu·la·tion[ˌstɪmjəˈleɪʃən]n no plintellectual \stimulation geistige Anregungelectric \stimulation Elektrostimulation f* * *["stImjU'leISən]n1) (act, physical, mental) Anregung f; (from shower, walk etc) belebende Wirkung; (MED) Stimulation f; (sexual) Stimulieren nt, Erregen nt; (= state) Angeregtheit f, Erregung f; (sexual) Erregung f; (fig = incentive) Anreiz m, Ansporn m; (intellectual) Stimulation f2) (of economy, sales etc) Ankurbelung f (to +gen); (of criticism) Anregung f (of zu); (of response) Hervorrufen nt* * *1. Anreiz m, Antrieb m, Anregung f, Belebung f2. angeregter Zustand3. MED Reiz m, Reizung f* * *noun2) (fig.) Anregung, die; (of reaction) Hervorrufen, das; (of interest, curiosity) Wecken, das; (of economy, market, growth, sales) Belebung, die
См. также в других словарях:
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