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21 person's need
психол. потребность личностиIt holds that the person's need to develop his potentials, along with his capacity to do so, is innate — that is, as much a part of his nature as psychological needs. — Ее суть в том, что потребность личности развивать свой потенциал вместе с возможностью делать это является врождённой, то есть это такая же часть характера, как и психологические потребности.
Англо-русский универсальный дополнительный практический переводческий словарь И. Мостицкого > person's need
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22 require, to need; take
تَطَلَّبَ \ call for: to need; demand: This work calls for great care. involve: to result in (sth. that cannot be avoided): His job involved a lot of foreign travel. require, to need; take: to need (effort, money; time, etc.): I took (or it took or it took me) two hours to get here. \ See Also احتاج (اِحْتَاجَ)، استلزم (اِسْتَلْزَمَ) -
23 put smb. on his mettle
(put (или set) smb. on his mettle (тж. put smb. (up) to his mettle))1) испытывать чьё-л. мужество, выдержку, выносливость (тж. try smb.'s mettle)Events had put him on the mettle. (R. Greenwood, ‘Wagstaff's England’, ch. VIII) — События подвергли испытанию его мужество.
2) воодушевить, расшевелить кого-л., пробудить рвение в ком-л.; раззадорить кого-л.‘You're very bright this morning, my boy. Seems to have done you good.’ ‘Last night, don't forget, you called me dependable but dullish.’ ‘Certainly,’ said Uncle Rodney coolly. ‘Did that to brisk you up a bit, my boy. Put you on your mettle. Seems to have worked too.’ (J. B. Priestley, ‘Three Men in New Suits’, ch. 2) — - Ты сегодня великолепен, мой мальчик. Видимо, этот обед принес тебе пользу. - Вчера, если помните, вы назвали меня человеком приличным, но скучным. - Правильно, - хладнокровно сказал дядя Родней. - я сказал это, чтобы немного встряхнуть тебя, мой мальчик. Привести тебя в чувство. Как видишь, это дало результаты.
Ordinarily, Mrs. Abinger did not feel the need to talk if she had nothing to say, but the Grays put her on her mettle. They were perfectly friendly, but some how, without being superior... (M. Dickens, ‘Joy and Josephine’, part I, ch. IV) — Обычно миссис Абинджер предпочитала помалкивать, если ей нечего было сказать. Но Греи воодушевили ее. Они были очень любезны, не задирали нос...
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24 partake of His Majesty's hospitality
ирон.; разг."пользоваться гостеприимством его ( или её) величества", сидеть в тюрьмеPartaking of Her Majesty's hospitality, in a building specially erected for gentlemen who need a compulsory holiday. (OED) — Он пользовался гостеприимством ее величества в здании, сооруженном специально для джентльменов, нуждающихся в принудительном отдыхе.
Large English-Russian phrasebook > partake of His Majesty's hospitality
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25 put smb. on his mettle
вooдушeвить, pacшeвeлить кoгo-л., пpoбудить pвeниe в кoм-л.; paззaдopить кoгo-л.This unlucky encounter with Girand had roused Poirot and put him on his mettle (A. Christie). Ordinarily, Mrs. Abinger did not feel the need to talk if she had nothing to say, but the Grays put her on her mettle. They were perfectly friendly, but somehow without being superior (M. Dickens) -
26 needless need·less adj
['niːdlɪs] -
27 in need one sees who his friend is
Пословица: друзья познаются в бедеУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > in need one sees who his friend is
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28 Whoever serves his country well has no need of ancestors.
<01> Тот, кто достойно служит своей стране, не нуждается в знатных предках. Voltaire (Вольтер).Англо-русский словарь цитат, пословиц, поговорок и идиом > Whoever serves his country well has no need of ancestors.
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29 Strutt, Jedediah
SUBJECT AREA: Textiles[br]b. 26 July 1726 South Normanton, near Alfreton, Derbyshire, Englandd. 7 May 1797 Derby, England[br]English inventor of a machine for making ribbed knitting.[br]Jedediah Strutt was the second of three sons of William, a small farmer and maltster at South Normanton, near Alfreton, Derbyshire, where the only industry was a little framework knitting. At the age of 14 Jedediah was apprenticed to Ralph Massey, a wheelwright near Derby, and lodged with the Woollats, whose daughter Elizabeth he later married in 1755. He moved to Leicester and in 1754 started farming at Blackwell, where an uncle had died and left him the stock on his farm. It was here that he made his knitting invention.William Lee's knitting machine remained in virtually the same form as he left it until the middle of the eighteenth century. The knitting industry moved away from London into the Midlands and in 1730 a Nottingham workman, using Indian spun yarn, produced the first pair of cotton hose ever made by mechanical means. This industry developed quickly and by 1750 was providing employment for 1,200 frameworkers using both wool and cotton in the Nottingham and Derby areas. It was against this background that Jedediah Strutt obtained patents for his Derby rib machine in 1758 and 1759.The machine was a highly ingenious mechanism, which when placed in front of an ordinary stocking frame enabled the fashionable ribbed stockings to be made by machine instead of by hand. To develop this invention, he formed a partnership first with his brother-in-law, William Woollat, and two leading Derby hosiers, John Bloodworth and Thomas Stamford. This partnership was dissolved in 1762 and another was formed with Woollat and the Nottingham hosier Samuel Need. Strutt's invention was followed by a succession of innovations which enabled framework knitters to produce almost every kind of mesh on their machines. In 1764 the stocking frame was adapted to the making of eyelet holes, and this later lead to the production of lace. In 1767 velvet was made on these frames, and two years later brocade. In this way Strutt's original invention opened up a new era for knitting. Although all these later improvements were not his, he was able to make a fortune from his invention. In 1762 he was made a freeman of Nottingham, but by then he was living in Derby. His business at Derby was concerned mainly with silk hose and he had a silk mill there.It was partly his need for cotton yarn and partly his wealth which led him into partnership with Richard Arkwright, John Smalley and David Thornley to exploit Arkwright's patent for spinning cotton by rollers. Together with Samuel Need, they financed the Arkwright partnership in 1770 to develop the horse-powered mill in Nottingham and then the water-powered mill at Cromford. Strutt gave advice to Arkwright about improving the machinery and helped to hold the partnership together when Arkwright fell out with his first partners. Strutt was also involved, in London, where he had a house, with the parliamentary proceedings over the passing of the Calico Act in 1774, which opened up the trade in British-manufactured all-cotton cloth.In 1776 Strutt financed the construction of his own mill at Helper, about seven miles (11 km) further down the Derwent valley below Cromford. This was followed by another at Milford, a little lower on the river. Strutt was also a partner with Arkwright and others in the mill at Birkacre, near Chorley in Lancashire. The Strutt mills were developed into large complexes for cotton spinning and many experiments were later carried out in them, both in textile machinery and in fireproof construction for the mills themselves. They were also important training schools for engineers.Elizabeth Strutt died in 1774 and Jedediah never married again. The family seem to have lived frugally in spite of their wealth, probably influenced by their Nonconformist background. He had built a house near the mills at Milford, but it was in his Derby house that Jedediah died in 1797. By the time of his death, his son William had long been involved with the business and became a more important cotton spinner than Jedediah.[br]Bibliography1758. British patent no. 722 (Derby rib machine). 1759. British patent no. 734 (Derby rib machine).Further ReadingFor the involvement of Strutt in Arkwright's spinning ventures, there are two books, the earlier of which is R.S.Fitton and A.P.Wadsworth, 1958, The Strutts and the Arkwrights, 1758–1830, Manchester, which has most of the details about Strutt's life. This has been followed by R.S.Fitton, 1989, The Arkwrights, Spinners of Fortune, Manchester.R.L.Hills, 1970, Power in the Industrial Revolution, Manchester (for a general background to the textile industry of the period).W.Felkin, 1967, History of the Machine-wrought Hosiery and Lace Manufactures, reprint, Newton Abbot (orig. pub. 1867) (covers Strutt's knitting inventions).RLH -
30 χρεία
χρεία, ας, ἡ (χρή, cp. χράομαι; Aeschyl.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol 13:2; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 33 [Stone p. 8]; TestJob; TestZeb 6:5; GrBar 4:9; EpArist, Philo, Joseph.; Ar. [JTS 25, 1924 p. 74 ln. 26; p. 76 ln. 45]; Just.; Ath. 13, 2, R. 12 p. 61, 7)① that which should happen or be supplied because it is needed, need, what should be (as distinguished fr. personal need, s. 2a) χρεία ἐστί τινος there is need of someth., someth. is needed (Polyb. 3, 111, 10; 5, 109, 1; SIG 707, 16f; 736, 63; Sir 3:22; 11:9; Just., D. 12, 3) Lk 10:42 (on the texts s. GKilpatrick in: Essays in Memory of GCH MacGregor ’65, 192). Without gen. (Diod S 1, 19, 5 ὅσον ἂν ᾖ χρεία) ἐὰν ᾖ χρεία if it is necessary D 11:5 (cp. Just., A II, 9, 4). τίς ἔτι χρεία; foll. by acc. w. inf. Hb 7:11. χρείαν ἔχειν τινός (have) need (of) someone or someth. (Pla. et al.; ins, pap; Is 13:17; Wsd 13:16; Philo, Plant. 65; Jos., Ant. 8, 228; Ar. [Milne 76, 45]; Just., A I, 15, 15 [for χρῄζετε Mt 6:32 and Lk 12:30]; Ath. 13, 2) Mt 6:8; 9:12; 21:3; 26:65; Mk 2:17; 11:3; 14:63; Lk 5:31; 9:11; 15:7; 19:31, 34; 22:71; J 13:29; 1 Cor 12:21ab, 24 (w. τιμῆς to be supplied); 1 Th 4:12; Hb 5:12b; 10:36; Rv 21:23; 22:5. W. gen. of the articular inf. (and acc.) χρείαν ἔχετε τοῦ διδάσκειν ὑμᾶς τινα Hb 5:12a (B-D-F §400, 1; Rob. 1038f; 1061). W. inf. foll. (Da 3:16) ἐγὼ χρ. ἔχω ὑπὸ σοῦ βαπτισθῆναι Mt 3:14. Cp. 14:16; J 13:10; 1 Th 1:8; 4:9 (B-D-F §393, 5); 5:1. W. ἵνα foll. J 2:25; 16:30; 1J 2:27.② that which is lacking and needed, need, lack, want, difficultyⓐ of livelihood (Diod S 3, 16, 2; Appian, Basil. 5 §2 ὑπὸ χρείας=from necessity) χρείαν ἔχειν be in need, lack someth. abs. (Diod S 17, 77, 2; SIG2 857, 12 εἰ χρείαν ἔχοι Διονύσιος) Mk 2:25; Ac 2:45; 4:35; Eph 4:28; 1J 3:17; D 1:5ab. οὐδὲν χρείαν ἔχειν have no lack of anything (s. οὐδείς 2bγ) Rv 3:17 (v.l. οὐδενός). πληροῦν τὴν χρείαν τινός supply someone’s need(s) (Thu. 1, 70, 7 ἐπλήρωσαν τὴν χρείαν) Phil 4:19. εἰς τὴν χρείαν τινὶ πέμψαι send someth. to someone to supply his need(s) vs. 16. λειτουργὸς τῆς χρείας μου the one whose service supplied my need 2:25. Pl. needs, necessities (Socrat., Ep. 1, 5 [p. 220 Malherbe] αἱ τῆς πατρίδος χρεῖαι; Geminus [c. 70 B.C.], Elementa Astronomiae 1, 21 [ed. CManitius 1898] αἱ τοῦ βίου χρεῖαι; Philo, Dec. 99; Jos., Bell. 6, 390, Ant. 13, 225) Ac 20:34; 28:10 (for πρὸς τὰς χρείας [v.l. τὴν χρείαν] cp. Polyb. 1, 52, 7; EpArist 11; 258); Ro 12:13. αἱ ἀναγκαῖαι χρεῖαι (ἀναγκαῖος 1) Tit 3:14.ⓑ in wider sense Πέτρῳ, ὸ̔ς πρὸς τὰς χρείας ἐποιεῖτο τὰς διδασκαλίας Papias (2:15).③ the thing that is lacking and (therefore) necessary, necessary thing (TestJob 10:3 λαβεῖν τὴν χρείαν) πρὸς οἰκοδομὴν τῆς χρείας (objective gen.) such as will build up where it is necessary Eph 4:29 (difft. JFindlay, ET 46, ’35, 429).④ an activity that is needed, office, duty, service (Polyb. 4, 87, 9; 10, 21, 1; Diod S 5, 11, 3; 15, 81, 1 and al. in H. Gk.; ins, pap; 2 Macc 8:9; Jos., Ant. 13, 65) Ac 6:3.—B. 638. DELG s.v. χρή. M-M. Sv. -
31 formular una pregunta
(v.) = articulate + question, formulate + question, frame + questionEx. And he carefully articulated certain questions which were surely in his mind about whether technological developments and computerization would allow the preservation and retention of these values.Ex. If his decision is to ask about his need, then it becomes necessary to give it a sharper intellectual shape, to describe it in words, and to formulate it as a question.Ex. It is not always correct to conclude that if users fail to frame their questions more specifically it is because they are incapable of doing so.* * *(v.) = articulate + question, formulate + question, frame + questionEx: And he carefully articulated certain questions which were surely in his mind about whether technological developments and computerization would allow the preservation and retention of these values.
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32 dar forma
(v.) = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], informEx. Any action that is repeated frequently become cast into a pattern which can be reproduced with an economy of effort which, ipso facto, is apprehended by its performer as a pattern.Ex. If his decision is to ask about his need, then it becomes necessary to give it a sharper intellectual shape, to describe it in words, and to formulate it as a question.Ex. A dynamic information centre has to satisfy 2 types of enquiry -- single requests for information and enquiries on standing order -- each contributing to and shaping the information network.Ex. For storytelling and reading aloud are performance arts: They involve a script (even when the words are improvised on the spot), an interpreter (the teller or reader), and an audience, and as in all performances, the audience plays a part in molding the finished work.Ex. In so far as it embodies moral intelligence and psychic insight it may inform the moral will, be 'the soul of our moral being'.* * *(v.) = become + cast, give + shape, shape, mould [mold, -USA], informEx: Any action that is repeated frequently become cast into a pattern which can be reproduced with an economy of effort which, ipso facto, is apprehended by its performer as a pattern.
Ex: If his decision is to ask about his need, then it becomes necessary to give it a sharper intellectual shape, to describe it in words, and to formulate it as a question.Ex: A dynamic information centre has to satisfy 2 types of enquiry -- single requests for information and enquiries on standing order -- each contributing to and shaping the information network.Ex: For storytelling and reading aloud are performance arts: They involve a script (even when the words are improvised on the spot), an interpreter (the teller or reader), and an audience, and as in all performances, the audience plays a part in molding the finished work.Ex: In so far as it embodies moral intelligence and psychic insight it may inform the moral will, be 'the soul of our moral being'. -
33 describir con palabras
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34 ὑστέρημα
ὑστέρημα, ατος, τό (ὑστερέω; PTebt 786, 9 [II B.C.]; other pap Spicq, Lexique 1572 n. 2; LXX; TestBenj 11:5; Herm. Wr. 4, 9; PFredriksen, VigChr 33, ’79, 287–90 [nag Hammadi])① the lack of what is needed or desirable, freq. in contrast to abundance, need, want, deficiency (cp. Judg 18:10; 19:19; Ps 33:10; Achmes 111, 4) ἐκ τοῦ ὑστερήματος αὐτῆς πάντα τὸν βίον ἔβαλεν Lk 21:4.—2 Cor 8:14ab (opp. περίσσευμα in both instances; Eutecnius 4 p. 37, 17 opp. πλεονέκτημα). Oft. used w. ἀναπληρόω (q.v. 3) or προσαναπληρόω (q.v.) supply a need: ἀναπλ. αὐτοῦ τὸ ὑστ. supply his need 1 Cl 38:2. τὸ ὑστέρημά μου προσανεπλήρωσαν οἱ ἀδελφοί 2 Cor 11:9. Also pl. πρ. τὰ ὑστερήματα τῶν ἁγίων 9:12. To ἀναπλ. the ὑστέρημα of one person means to make up for the person’s absence, represent the person in the person’s absence 1 Cor 16:17; Phil 2:30 (λειτουργία 2). Also used w. ἀνταναπληρόω (q.v.) Col 1:24.② a defect that must be removed so that perfection can be attained, lack, shortcoming as, in the pl. (Herm. Wr. 13, 1; TestBenj 11:5) τὸ ὑστερήματα τῆς πίστεως ὑμῶν 1 Th 3:10. Of moral shortcomings 1 Cl 2:6 (w. παραπτώματα); Hv 3, 2, 2ab (w. ἁμαρτήματα).—DELG s.v. ὕστερος. TW. Spicq. Sv. -
35 cost
1. сущ.1) эк. стоимость, затраты, издержки редк. цена (величина затрат, которые необходимо совершить, чтобы получить что-л.; характеристика предмета или действия; как правило, выражается в денежном выражении, но в некоторых случаях может быть в натуральном выражении; как правило, во всех случаях можно использовать перевод "цена", но это изменяет риторику текста, подчеркивая важность этих затрат)cost of [smth\] — стоимость чего-л., цена чего-л.
at a high cost — по высокой цене, с высокими затратами
His need for self-expression can be satisfied, but at a high cost.
As it now stands, nursing homes deliver a low perceived value at a high cost.
It is good practice to charge costs as direct where possible. — Хорошим правилом является начисление максимально большого числа затрат как прямых затрат.
A mortgage helps you buy your home, but there are many additional costs that you need to consider. — Ипотека помогает вам купить дом, но вы должны понимать, что в этом случае имеют место некоторые дополнительные расходы.
See:CHILD [object\]: abandonment cost, above-the-line cost, administrative cost, advertising cost, agency cost, amortized cost, bankruptcy cost, bond issue cost, borrowing cost, budgeted cost, collection cost, cost of insurance charge, credit subsidy cost, debt service cost, acquisition cost, cost of production, cost of capital, cost of living, cost of sales, flotation cost, interest cost, imputed cost, inventory carrying cost, inventory ordering cost, opportunity cost, out-of-pocket costs, past service cost, pension cost, replacement cost, reproduction cost, salary cost CHILD [type\]: absolute cost, accounting cost, alternative cost, annual equivalent cost, depreciated cost, economic cost, explicit cost, fixed cost, hidden cost, implicit cost, mixed cost, normal cost, overhead cost, true interest cost, variable cost CHILD [agent\]: cost appraiser, cost estimator, cost to consumer, cost function, cost price, below cost, cost and freight, cost and insurance, cost, insurance, freight, cost, insurance, freight, cost, insurance, freight2)а) мн., эк. издержки, затраты (величина затрат, которые несет какое-л. лицо в своей деятельности; как правило, идет речь о компании; может употребляться без уточнения типа затрат)If the company's costs increase 4 percent, it can raise prices 6 percent. — Если затраты компании увеличатся на 4 процента, это может привести к повышению цен на 6 процентов.
However, company's costs also rose and, in the early 1980s, the company was forced to downsize and concentrate its stores on paint and wallpaper.
to cut [reduce\] costs — снижать затраты
The company reduces its costs by eliminating some of its obligations to its employees. — Компания снижает свои затраты, отказываясь от части обязательств перед своими работниками.
These measures taken together are expected to cut costs by 30–50%. — Можно ожидать, что все эти меры вместе приведут к снижению затрат на 30–50%
Syn:See:cost accountant, costs accountant, cost advantage, cost analyst, cost budgeting, cost centre, cost sharing, benefit-cost ratio, cost-benefit analysis, cost-volume-profit analysis, factors of productionб) мн., юр. судебные издержки [расходы\]2. гл.with costs — с возложением судебных издержек на сторону, проигравшую дело
1) эк. стоить (о цене, выраженной в денежном эквиваленте); обходитьсяThis car costs only $24 000. — Эта машина стоит всего лишь 24 тыс. долл.
2) общ. требовать (усилий, страданий и т. д.); обходитьсяThe city whose conquest had cost him so dear. — Город, завоевание которого обошлось ему так дорого.
* * *
затраты, стоимость, цена: первоначальные или долгосрочные затраты (прямые, косвенные, денежные и неденежные), которые имеют место при приобретении, производстве, предоставлении товаров или услуг; см. acquisition cost;* * *издержки; затраты; расходы; себестоимость; стоимость;, себестоимость. . Словарь экономических терминов .* * *издержки, расходызатрата, как правило, денег на покупку товаров и услуг; расходы, обычно денежные, понесенные для достижения цели (расходы на производство определенных товаров, возведение фабрики или закрытие отделения)см. opportunity cost -
36 χράομαι
χράομαι, part. χρεώμενος, perf. part. κεχρημένος, plup. κέχρητο: have use or need of; ‘according to his need,’ Il. 23.834 ; κεχρημένος, ‘desiring,’ Il. 19.262; as adj., ‘needy,’ Od. 17.347; plup., φρεσὶ γὰρ κέχρητ' ἀγαθῇσιν, ‘had,’ Od. 3.266.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > χράομαι
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37 estrange
ɪsˈtreɪndʒ гл. отдалять, отстранять, делать чуждым, охлаждать( from) to estrange oneself from smb. ≈ отходить, отдаляться от кого-л. Syn: alienate отдалять, отстранять, делать чуждым - his need to dominate *d all of the children его властность оттолкнула от него всех детей - his conduct *d him from his friends его поведение отдалило его от друзей жить врозь, разойтись( о супругах) - Mr. and Mrs. Brown have been *d for a year г-н и г-жа Браун уже год живут врозь отходить, отставать;
отдаляться - he *d himself from life он оторвался от жизни estrange отдалять, отстранять, делать чуждым;
to estrange oneself (from smb.) отходить, отдаляться (от кого-л.) estrange отдалять, отстранять, делать чуждым;
to estrange oneself (from smb.) отходить, отдаляться (от кого-л.)Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > estrange
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38 estrange
[ıʹstreındʒ] v1) отдалять, отстранять, делать чуждымhis need to dominate estranged all of the children - его властность оттолкнула от него всех детей
his conduct estranged him from his friends - его поведение отдалило его от друзей
2) pass жить врозь, разойтись ( о супругах)Mr. and Mrs. Brown have been estranged for a year - г-н и г-жа Браун уже год живут врозь
3) refl отходить, отставать; отдаляться -
39 condizionare
psychology condition* * *condizionare v.tr.1 to condition: l'ambiente condiziona il comportamento umano, environment conditions human behaviour; il bisogno di denaro ha condizionato la sua scelta, his need for money influenced his choice; è condizionato dalla sua timidezza, he is conditioned by his shyness3 ( confezionare) to pack (up).* * *[kondittsjo'nare]verbo transitivo1) (influenzare) to influence, to bias [ persona]2) psic. to condition* * *condizionare/kondittsjo'nare/ [1]1 (influenzare) to influence, to bias [ persona]2 psic. to condition. -
40 maqam of faqr
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