highest

ὕψιστος, η, ον (Pind., Aeschyl.+; loanw. in rabb.) superl. of the adv. ὕψι; no positive in use

① pert. to being the highest in a spatial sense, highest (Diog. L. 8, 31 ὁ ὕψιστος τόπος, acc. to Pythagoras, is the place to which Hermes conducts pure souls) τὰ ὕψιστα the highest heights=heaven (Job 16:19; Ps 148:1; PsSol 18:10; JosAs 22:9=מְרוֹמִים; cp. 1QM 14, 14; 17, 8) ὡσαννὰ ἐν τοῖς ὑψίστοις grant salvation, (thou who art) in the highest heaven Mt 21:9; Mk 11:10 (Goodsp., Probs. 34f). δόξα ἐν ὑψ. Lk 2:14 (opp. ἐπὶ γῆς); 19:38 (w. ἐν οὐρανῷ, which means the same). ὁ ὕψιστος ἐν ὑψίστοις the Most High in the highest (heaven) 1 Cl 59:3 (cp. Is 57:15).

② pert. to being the highest in status, ὁ ὕψιστος the Most High of God, distinguished from lesser deities and other objects of cultic devotion (Ζεὺς ὕψιστος: Pind., N. 1, 60 [90]; 11, 2; Aeschyl., Eum. 28; CIG 498; 503; 1869 al.; Aristonous, in Coll. Alex. 1, 7 p. 163 [ACook, Zeus I/2, 1925, 876–89; CRoberts, TSkeat and ANock, The Gild of Zeus Hypsistos: HTR 29, ’36, 39–88, Gk. text of Sb 7835 cited in this article was not reprinted in Nock, Essays: s. New Docs 1, 28]. θεὸς ὕψιστος: ins fr. Cyprus in BCH 20, 1896 p. 361; Sb 589 [II B.C.]; 1323, 1 [II A.D.]; OGI 378, 1 [I A.D.] θεῷ ἁγίω ὑψίστῳ; 755, 1f τοῦ ἁγιωτάτου [θεοῦ ὑψί]στου σωτῆρος; 756, 3–4 τοῦ ἁγιατάτου θεοῦ ὑψίστου: PGM 4, 1068 ἱερὸν φῶς τοῦ ὑψίστου θεοῦ; 5, 46; 12, 63; 71; New Docs 1, 25 no. 5. Isis as ὑψ. θεός: IAndrosIsis [Kyrene] 7 p. 129 Peek. Also simply Ὕψιστος CIG 499; 502. Other ins and pap New Docs 1, 25–28. On the syncretistic communities of the σεβόμενοι θεὸν ὕψιστον cp. ESchürer, SBBerlAk 1897, 200–225, History III 169; FCumont, Hypsistos: Suppl. à la Rev. de l’instruction publique en Belgique 1897, Pauly-W. s.v. Hypsistos; Kl. Pauly II 129f; APlassart, Mélanges Holleaux 1913, 201ff; Clemen² 58–60. Whether Israelite influence is present cannot be established, for the use of ὕψιστος pervades Gr-Rom. texts [s. lit. cited above and Nock, Essays I 414–43; s. also New Docs 1, 25–29], but ‘God Most High’ certainly has a firm place in Israelite experience, and OT usage [LXX] would account for its use in the NT, coupled w. semantic opportunity provided by polytheistic formulation. Examples of usage across cultural lines include: OGI 96, 5–7 [III/II B.C.]; APF 5, 1913, p. 163 [29 B.C.] θεῷ μεγάλῳ μεγάλῳ ὑψίστω; En, TestAbr, Test12Patr, JosAs; ApcEsdr1, 2 p. 24, 5 Tdf.; ApcZeph; Philo, In Flacc. 46, Ad Gai. 278; 317; Jos., Ant. 16, 163; Ar. 15, 1; Just., D. 32, 3; 124, 1; the Jewish prayers for vengeance fr. Rheneia [Dssm., LO 352ff=LAE 416; SIG 1181, 1f]; CIJ I, 690, 727–30; SibOr 3, 519; 719; Ezek. Trag. 239 [in Eus., PE 9, 29, 14]; Philo Epicus: 729 Fgm. 3, 2 Jac. [Eus., PE 9, 24]; ὁ μέγας καὶ ὕψ. θεός Hippol., Ref. 9, 15, 1; ANock, CRoberts, TSkeat, HTR 29, 36, 39–88). ὁ θεὸς ὁ ὕψ. (cp. Theoph. Ant. 2, 3 [p. 100, 1]) Mk 5:7; Lk 8:28; Ac 16:17; Hb 7:1 (Gen 14:18). τὸν ὕψ. θεόν GJs 24:1. ὁ ὕψ. (TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 10 [Stone p. 22]; oft. Test12Patr; JosAs 8:10; ApcEsdr 1:2; Just., D. 32, 3. ἡ δύναμις τοῦ ὑ. Hippol., Ref. 6, 35, 7) Ac 7:48; 1 Cl 29:2 (Dt 32:8); 45:7; 52:3 (Ps 49:14). ὁ μόνος ὕψ. 59:3 (s. 1 above, end). Also without the art. (En 10:1; TestSim 2:5; TestLevi 8:15; Just., D. 124, 1 and 4; Mel., P. 98, 752 [w. art. Ps 17:14]) ὕψ. Lk 1:35, 76. υἱὸς ὑψίστου vs. 32 (of Christ; on the association of υἱὸς ὑψίστου and υἱὸς θεοῦ [vs. 34] cp. the Aramaic text 4QpsDan A^a [=4Q 246], JFitzmyer, NTS 20, ’73/74, 382–407 [esp. 391–94]); also GJs 11:3; in the pl. of humans (cp. Sir 4:10) Lk 6:35. πατὴρ ὕψ. IRo ins.—DNP V 821–23. DELG s.v. ὕψι. M-M. TW.

ἄκρᾱ, ἄκρα

highest: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ἄκρᾱ, ἄκρα

highest: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἄκρον

highest: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ἄκρος

at the farthest point: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ἄκρᾱ, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ἄκρᾱ, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἄκραι, ἄκρα

highest: fem nom /voc pl

ἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκρα

highest: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἄκραι, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem nom /voc pl

ἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱ, ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ὑπάτᾱ, ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱ, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ὑπάτᾱ, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱ, ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ὑπάτᾱ, ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱ, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ὑπάτᾱ, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱς, ὕπατος

highest: fem acc pl

ὑπάτᾱς, ὕπατος

highest: fem gen sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱς, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem acc pl

ὑπάτᾱς, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem gen sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱς, ὕπατος

highest: fem acc pl

ὑπάτᾱς, ὕπατος

highest: fem gen sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱς, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem acc pl

ὑπάτᾱς, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem gen sg (doric aeolic)

ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)

ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc sg (attic epic ionic)

ὕπατος

highest: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic)

ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem dat sg (attic epic ionic)

ἄκρον, ον, τό, (neut. of ἄκρος)

A like ἄκρα, highest or farthest point:

1 mountain top, peak,

Γάργαρον ἄκρον Ἴδης Il.14.292

;

ἄκρον ὑπερβαλέειν Od.11.597

; τὰ ἄκρα heights, Hdt.6.100, Pl.Criti. 110e, etc.

b ἄκρα νάων ships' tops, Alc.Supp.12.9.

2 headland, cape,

Σούνιον ἄκρον Ἀθηνέων Od.3.278

.

3 end, extremity, τὰ ἄ. τῆς θαλάσσης, [τοῦἀέρος], Pl.Phd. 109d, 109e; ἄκρα χειρῶν hands, Luc. Im.6; ἐξ ἄκρων at the end, Ar.Fr.29;

ἐξ ἄκρου Com.Adesp.398

;

ἐπ' ἄκροις Pl.Sph. 220d

:—border, frontier, Plb.1.42.2.

II metaph., highest pitch, height,

πανδοξίας ἄκρον Pi.N.1.11

; εἰς ἄκρον ἀνδρείας ἱκέσθαι to highest pitch, Simon.58; εἰς ἄκρον ἁδύς exceedingly, Theoc. 14.61; ἐπ' ἄκρον ἀφικέσθαι, ἐλθεῖν, Pl.Plt. 268e, Ti. 20a;

πρὸς ἄκρῳ γενέσθαι Id.Phdr. 247b

;

ἄκρον ἔχων σοφίης Epigr.Gr.442

([place name] Nabataea);

ἄκρον ἐρώτων εἰδότος, ἄκρα μάχας AP7.448

(Leon.):—ἄκρα, τά, heights, highest point, οὔτοι ποθ' ἥξει (sic)

τῶν ἄκρων ἄνευ πόνου S.Fr. 397

; ἄκρα φέρεσθαι win prize, Theoc.12.31;

ἄκρα φέρουσ' ἀρετῆς ὑμῖν Epigr.Gr. 224.2

([place name] Samos).

2 of persons, Ἄργεος ἄκρα Πελασγοί pride of Argos, Theoc.15.142.

III δρυὸς ἄκρα, = ἀκρόδρυα, ib. 112.

IV in Logic of Arist. τὰ ἄκρα are major and minor terms of syllogism, opp. to μέσον or middle, APr. 25b36, al.

V extremes in a proportion, Id.EN 1133b2.

ἄκρον

highest: neut nom /voc /acc dual

ἄκρον

highest: neut gen sg (doric aeolic)

ἄκρος

at the farthest point: masc /neut nom /voc /acc dual

ἄκρος

at the farthest point: masc /neut gen sg (doric aeolic)

ἄκρον

highest: neut dat sg

ἄκρος

at the farthest point: masc /neut dat sg

ἄκραι, ἄκρα

highest: fem nom /voc pl

ἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκρα

highest: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἄκρι, ἄκρις

hill-top: fem voc sg

ἄκρα, ἄκρον

highest: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ἄκρα, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ἄκρε, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: masc voc sg

ἄκραι, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem nom /voc pl

ἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἄκραι, ἄκρα

highest: fem nom /voc pl

ἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκρα

highest: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἄκρι, ἄκρις

hill-top: fem voc sg

ἄκρα, ἄκρον

highest: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ἄκρα, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ἄκρε, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: masc voc sg

ἄκραι, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem nom /voc pl

ἄκρᾱͅ, ἄκρος

at the farthest point: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἐποπτείᾱ, ἐποπτεία

highest grade of initiation at the Eleusinian mysteries: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ἐποπτείᾱ, ἐποπτεία

highest grade of initiation at the Eleusinian mysteries: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἐποπτείᾱͅ, ἐποπτεία

highest grade of initiation at the Eleusinian mysteries: fem dat sg (attic doric aeolic)

πανυπέρτατα, πανυπέρτατος

highest of all: neut nom /voc /acc pl

πανυπέρτατε, πανυπέρτατος

highest of all: masc voc sg

πανυπέρταται, πανυπέρτατος

highest of all: fem nom /voc pl

ὑπάτᾱͅ, ὕπατος

highest: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc pl

ὑπάτᾱͅ, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτᾱͅ, ὕπατος

highest: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)

ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem nom /voc pl

ὑπάτᾱͅ, ὑπάτη

the highest of the three strings: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)

ὕπατος

highest: masc /neut nom /voc /acc dual

ὕπατος

highest: masc /neut gen sg (doric aeolic)

ὕπατος

highest: masc /neut dat sg

ὑψίστᾱ, ὕψιστος

highest: fem nom /voc /acc dual

ὑψίστᾱ, ὕψιστος

highest: fem nom /voc sg (doric aeolic)

ὑψίστᾱͅ, ὕψιστος

highest: fem dat sg (doric aeolic)

ὕπατα, ὕπατος

highest: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ὕπατε, ὕπατος

highest: masc voc sg

ὕπαται, ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc pl

ὕπατα, ὕπατος

highest: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ὕπατε, ὕπατος

highest: masc voc sg

ὕπαται, ὕπατος

highest: fem nom /voc pl

ὕψιστα, ὕψιστος

highest: neut nom /voc /acc pl

ὕψιστε, ὕψιστος

highest: masc voc sg

ὕψισται, ὕψιστος

highest: fem nom /voc pl