heavens

οὐρανοσκόπος

observing the heavens: masc /fem acc sg

οὐρανοσκόπος

observing the heavens: neut nom /voc /acc sg

οὐρανοσκόπος

observing the heavens: masc /fem acc sg

οὐρανοσκόπος

observing the heavens: neut nom /voc /acc sg

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: adverbial

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: masc /fem acc pl (doric)

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: adverbial

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: masc /fem acc pl (doric)

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: masc /fem acc sg

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: neut nom /voc /acc sg

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: masc /fem acc sg

ὑπερουράνιος

above the heavens: neut nom /voc /acc sg

οὐρᾰνός, ὁ, [dialect] Dor. and [dialect] Boeot. [full] ὠρανός Alcm.23.16, Theoc.2.147, 5.144, Corinn.Supp.2.79, Hymn.Is.19; [dialect] Aeol. [full] ὄρανος (

A

ὀράνω Sapph.37

, 64, Alc.34, but

ὠράνω Sapph.1.11

(s. v.l.), Alc.17 (s. v.l.), and v. Οὐρανία): —never used in pl. by classical writers, v. 1.4: (v. fin.):

I heaven: in Hom. and Hes.,

1 vault or firmament of heaven, sky,

γαῖα.. ἐγείνατο ἶσον ἑαυτῇ οὐρανὸν ἀστερόεντα, ἵνα μιν περὶ πάντα καλύπτοι Hes.Th. 127

;

ἔχει δέ τε κίονας αὐτὸς [Ἄτλας] μακράς, αἳ γαῖάν τε καὶ οὐρανὸν ἀμφὶς ἔχουσι Od.1.54

, cf. A.Pr. 351;

χάλκεος Il.17.425

;

πολύχαλκος 5.504

, Od.3.2;

σιδήρεος 15.329

; wrapped in clouds, Il.15.192, Od.5.303; above the aether, Il.2.458, 17.425, 19.351, cf. Sch.Il.3.3; even Emp. continued to regard it as solid ([etym.] στερέμνιον), Placit.2.11.2 (Vorsokr. ip.209); defined as αἰθέρος τὸ ἔσχατον by Zeno Stoic.1.33, cf. Ar.Nu.95 sqq.; ἠέλιος δὲ οὐρανοῦ ἐξαπόλωλε, of an eclipse, Od.20.357, cf. S.Aj. 845;

ἐν δὲ τὰ τείρεα πάντα, τά τ' οὐρανὸς ἐστεφάνωται Il.18.485

;

Ἕσπερος, ὃς κάλλιστος ἐν οὐρανῷ ἵσταται ἀστήρ 22.318

;

οὐρανὸς ἀστερόεις 6.108

,al.

2 heaven, as the seat of the gods, outside or above this skyey vault, the portion of Zeus (v. Ὄλυμπος), 15.192, cf.Od.1.67, etc.;

οὐ. Οὔλυμπός τε Il.1.497

, 8.394; Οὔλυμ πός τε καὶ οὐ. 19.128; πύλαι οὐρανοῦ Heaven-gate, i. e. a thick cloud, which the Ὧραι lifted and put down like a trap-door, 5.749, 8.393; so, later, οἱ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the gods of heaven, A.Pr. 897 (lyr.); οἱ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεοί (viz. Sun, etc.) Pl.R. 508a;

εὔχετο, χεῖρ' ὀρέγων εἰς οὐ. ἀστερόεντα Il.15.371

, Od.9.527; νὴ τὸν οὐ. Ar.Pl. 267, 366.

3 in common language, sky,

οὐδέ τις ἄλλη φαίνετο γαιάων, ἀλλ' οὐ. ἠδὲ θάλασσα Od.14.302

;

σέλας δ' εἰς οὐ. ἵκῃ Il.8.509

; κλέος οὐρανὸν ἵκει, κλέος οὐ. εὐρὺν ἱκάνει, renown reaches to heaven, ib. 192, Od.19.108; so ὀρυμαγδός, κνίση, σκόπελος οὐρανὸν ἷκεν or ἱκάνει, Il.17.425, 1.317, Od.12.73 (cf.

οὐράνιος 11

, οὐρανομήκης): metaph., ὕβρις τε βίη τε σιδήρεον οὐ. ἵκει deeds of violence 'cry to heaven', 15.329, 17.565;

γῇ τε κοὐρανῷ λέξαι.. τύχας E.Med.57

, cf. Philem.79.1; πρὸς οὐρανὸν βιβάζειν τι to exalt to heaven, SOC381; πρὸς τὸν οὐ. ἥλλοντο leaped up on high, X.Cyr.1.4.11;

πρὸς τὸν οὐ. βλέπειν Id.Oec.19.9

.

4 in Philos., the heavens, universe, Pl.Plt. 269d, Ti. 32b, Arist.Cael. 278b21, Metaph. 990a20, al.: pl. in VT, οἱ οὐρανοί the heavens, LXX Ps.96(97).6, 148.4,al.

5 a region of heaven, climate, Hdt.1.142.

6 Pythag. name of 10, Theol.Ar. 59.

II anything shaped like the vault of heaven, as,

1 vaulted roof or ceiling, Hsch.

2 roof of the mouth, palate, Arist.HA 492a20, PA 660a14, Ath.8.344b, AP5.104 (Marc. Arg.).

3 lid, Matro Conv.12.

4 tent, pavilion, Them.Or.13.166b.

III pr. n., Uranos, son of Erebos and Gaia, Hes. Th. 127sq.; but husband of Gaia, parent of Cronos and the Titans (cf. Οὐρανίδης), ib. 106, h.Hom. 30.17, cf. A.Pr. 207. (Acc. to Arist.Mu. 400a7, from ὅρος and ἄνω, cf. Pl.Cra. 396c. This must be wrong, but the true etym. is doubtful.)

περιφορ-ά, ἡ,

A carrying round, of dishes at table: hence, meats carried round, course at dinner, X.Cyr.2.2.4, Heraclid.[dialect] Tarent. ap. Ath. 3.12oc (pl.), cf. 7.275b.

II (from [voice] Pass.) going round, circular or rotatory motion, revolution, of a wheel, E.Ba. 1067 ; of the heavens and heavenly bodies, Ar.Nu. 172, X.Mem.4.7.5, Pl.Phdr. 247c, Lg. 898c, Arist.Mete. 341a2, Cael. 291a35, Epicur.Nat.11.10,al.; αἱ τῶν ὡρῶν π. J.AJ1.1.1, cf. Pl.R. 546a, Plt. 271a, 274e.

2 revolving vault of heaven, Id.R. 616c, Tht. 153d ; ἡ ὕπερθε π. the heavens, Critias 25.31 D.

3 metaph., in pl., twists, circumvolutions, Eub.73.

4 ἐν ταῖς περιφοραῖς in social intercourse, Plu.Per.5.

5 error, v.l. for παραφορά in LXXEc.2.12,7.26(25).

III story or tier of a funeral pile, D.S.17.115.

IV turntable (?), PTeb.12.17 (ii B.C.).

ἀποκατά-στᾰσις, εως, ἡ,

A restoration, re-establishment,

τοῦ ἐνδεοῦς Arist.MM 1205a4

; εἰς φύσιν ib. 1204b36, 1205b11; return to a position, Epicur.Ep.1p.8U.; esp. of military formations, reversal of a movement, Ascl.Tact.10.6, etc.; generally,

πάντων Act.Ap.3.21

; of the soul, Procl.Inst. 199 (pl.);

τῆς φύσιος ἐς τὸ ἀρχαῖον Aret. CD1.5

; recovery from sickness, Id.SA1.10;

τῶν ὁμήρων εἰς τὰς πατρίδας Plb.3.99.6

; εἰς ἀ. ἐλθεῖν, of the affairs of a city, Id.4.23.1; return to original position, Ascl.Tact. 10.1; ἀ. ἄστρων return of the stars to the same place in the heavens as in the former year, Plu.2.937f, D.S.12.36, etc.; periodic return of the cosmic cycle, Stoic.2.184,190; of a planet, return to a place in the heavens occupied at a former epoch, Antioch.Astr. ap. Cat.Cod.Astr. 7.120,121; but, zodiacal revolution, Paul.Al.T.1; opp. ἀνταπ. (q. v.), Doroth. ap. Cat.Cod.Astr.2.196.9; restoration of sun and moon after eclipse, Pl.Ax. 370b.

κλείω fut. κλείσω Rv 3:7; 1 aor. ἔκλεισα; pf. 3 pl. κεκλείκασιν 1 Km 23:20; aor. mid. impv. κλεῖσαι (ApcMos 12). Pass.: 1 aor. ἐκλείσθην; pf. κέκλεισμαι, 3 pl. κέκλεινται Sus 20 Theod., ptc. κεκλεισμένος (s. κλεῖς; Hom. et al.; ins, pap, LXX, JosAs, GrBar, Joseph.)

① to prevent passage at an opening, shut, lock, bar

ⓐ lit. τὴν θύραν (Aristophon Com. [IV B.C.] 7 ed. Kock II p. 278; Herodas 6, 98; Epict. 3, 22, 14; 2 Ch 28:24; JosAs 5:9) Mt 6:6; Rv 3:8. Pass. (Menand., Epitr. 1076 S. [718 Kö.]; Jos., Ant. 18, 74; cp. X., Cyr. 7, 5, 27; JosAs 10:6; 14:5; GrBar 17:1; Did., Gen. 192, 4) Mt 25:10; Lk 11:7; J 20:19, 26; Ac 21:30. οἱ πυλῶνες the gates (of the heavenly Jerusalem; cp. Is 60:11) Rv 21:25.—Of structures close, lock (BGU 1116, 15 [13 B.C.]; Is 24:10) κ. τὴν σκηνήν close the tabernacle 1 Cl 43:3. Pass. δεσμωτήριον … κεκλεισμένον Ac 5:23. Shut (someone) in [Παῦλος ἐ]κ[έ]κλιστο AcPl Ha 2, 6; [οἱ κ]εκλισμένοι 3, 19.—Abs. shut (Jos., Vi. 153) Rv 3:7ab (cp. Is 22:22 v.l.); 20:3.

ⓑ fig. κ. τὸν οὐρανόν shut the heavens, so that it does not rain Rv 11:6; pass. Lk 4:25. In a vision ἐκλείσθησαν οἱ οὐρανοί the heavens were closed Hv 1, 2, 1. κ. τὴν βασιλείαν τῶν οὐρανῶν shut the kingdom of heaven i.e. prevent people fr. entering it Mt 23:13 (MBlack, An Aramaic Approach³, ’67, 259–61 [Sin. Syriac]).

② κ. τὰ σπλάγχνα ἀπό τινος close one’s heart against someone, an idiom 1J 3:17 (cp. a sim. figure στόμα κεκλεισμένον Sir 30:18).—B. 847f. DELG s.v. κλείς. M-M.

οὐρανός, οῦ, ὁ 24:31 (Hom.+; ‘heaven’ in various senses)

① the portion or portions of the universe gener. distinguished from planet earth, heaven (so mostly in the sing.; s. B-D-F §141, 1)

ⓐ mentioned w. the earth

α. forming a unity w. it as the totality of creation (Pla., Euthyd. 296d οὐρανὸς καὶ γῆ; Gen 1:1; 14:19, 22; Tob 7:17 BA; Jdth 9:12; Bel 5; 1 Macc 2:37 al.; PsSol 8:7; ParJer 5:32; Just., D. 74, 1; PGM 13, 784 ὁ βασιλεύων τῶν οὐρανῶν κ. τῆς γῆς κ. πάντων τῶν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐνδιατριβόντων; Orig., C. Cels. 6, 59, 6; Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 13]) ὁ οὐρανὸς καὶ ἡ γῆ Mt 5:18; 11:25; 24:35; Mk 13:31; Lk 10:21; 16:17; 21:33; Ac 4:24; 14:15; 17:24 (on the absence of the art. s. B-D-F §253, 3); Rv 14:7; 20:11; Dg 3:4; AcPlCor 2:9; 19.

β. standing independently beside the earth or contrasted w. it: Mt 5:34f; Ac 7:49 (cp. on both Is 66:1). ἐν (τῷ) οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ (τῆς) γῆς Mt 6:10; 28:18; Lk 11:2 v.l.; Rv 5:13.—1 Cor 8:5; Rv 5:3; ISm 11:2. τὸ πρόσωπον τ. γῆς καὶ τ. οὐρανοῦ Lk 12:56. Cp. Hb 12:26 (Hg 2:6); Js 5:12.—τὰ ἔσχατα τ. γῆς as extreme contrast to heaven 1 Cl 28:3. By God’s creative word the heaven was fixed and the earth founded on the waters Hv 1, 3, 4. Neither heaven nor earth can be comprehended by human measure 16:2 (Is 40:12). On ἀπʼ ἄκρου γῆς ἕως ἄκρου οὐρανοῦ Mk 13:27 s. under ἄκρον. ὁ πρῶτος οὐρ. καὶ ἡ πρώτη γῆ will give way in the last times to the οὐρ. καινός and the γῆ καινή Rv 21:1 (cp. Is 65:17; 66:22).

ⓑ as firmament or sky over the earth; out of reach for humans Hm 11:18. Hence ἕως οὐρανοῦ (ApcEsdr 4:32) Mt 11:23; Lk 10:15 or εἰς τὸν οὐρ. Hv 4, 1, 5 as an expr. denoting a great height. Likew. ἀπὸ τ. γῆς ἕως τ. οὐρανοῦ 1 Cl 8:3 (scripture quot. of unknown origin); GPt 10:40 (for a transcendent being who walks on the earth and whose head touches the sky, s. Il. 4, 443). Since the heaven extends over the whole earth, ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρ. under (the) heaven = on earth, throughout the earth (Pla., Tim. 23c, Ep. 7, 326c; UPZ 106, 14 [99 B.C.]; Eccl 1:13; 3:1; Just., A II, 5, 2) Ac 2:5; 4:12; Col 1:23; Hs 9, 17, 4; m 12, 4, 2. ὑποκάτωθεν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ throughout the earth 1 Cl 53:3 (Dt 9:14). ἐκ τῆς (i.e. χώρας) ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρ. εἰς τὴν ὑπʼ οὐρανόν from one place on earth to another Lk 17:24 (cp. Dt 29:19; Bar 5:3; 2 Macc 2:18 ἐκ τῆς ὑπὸ τὸν οὐρ. εἰς τὸν ἅγιον τόπον).—In the last days there will appear τέρατα ἐν τ. οὐρανῷ ἄνω wonders in the heaven above Ac 2:19 (Jo 3:3 v.l.). σημεῖον ἐν τῷ οὐρ. Rv 12:1, 3 (cp. Diod S 2, 30, 1 τὰ ἐν οὐρανῷ γινόμενα=what takes place in the heavens; Ael. Aristid. 50, 56 K.=26 p. 519 D., where the statue of Asclepius from Pergamum appears ἐν τῷ οὐρανῷ). The sky can even be rolled up; s. ἑλίσσω.—Rain falls fr. heaven (X., An. 4, 2, 2) and heaven is closed to bring about a drought Lk 4:25.—Rv 11:6; Js 5:18 (cp. 2 Ch 6:26; 7:13; Sir 48:3). Lightning also comes fr. heaven (Bacchylides 17, 55f ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ … ἀστραπάν [=Attic-ήν]) Lk 10:18. Likew. of other things that come down like rain to punish sinners: fire Lk 9:54 (cp. 4 Km 1:10; TestAbr A 10 p. 88, 14 [Stone p. 24]); Rv 20:9; fire and brimstone Lk 17:29 (cp. Gen 19:24); apocalyptic hail Rv 16:21; AcPl Ha 5, 7.

ⓒ as starry heaven IEph 19:2. τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρ. (cp. ἄστρον and s. Eur., Phoen. 1; Diod S 6, 2, 2 ἥλιον κ. σελήνην κ. τὰ ἄλλα ἄστρα τὰ κατʼ οὐρανόν; Ael. Aristid. 43, 13 K.=1 p. 5 D.; TestAbr A 1 p. 78, 1 [Stone p. 4]; JosAs 2:11) Hb 11:12. οἱ ἀστέρες τοῦ οὐρ. 1 Cl 32:2 (Gen 22:17); cp. 10:6 (Gen 15:5). In the time of tribulation at the end of the world the stars will fall fr. heaven Mt 24:29a; Mk 13:25a; Rv 6:13; 12:4. Cp. 8:10; 9:1. ἡ στρατιὰ τοῦ οὐρ. (s. οὐράνιος) the host of heaven, of the stars, which some Israelites illicitly worshipped Ac 7:42 (worship of the στρατιὰ τοῦ οὐρ. in enmity to Yahweh also Jer 7:18; 19:13; Zeph 1:5; 2 Ch 33:3, 5). These are also meant by the δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν Mt 24:29b; Lk 21:26; cp. Mk 13:25b (cp. δύναμις 4).

ⓓ as place of atmosphere (cp. TestAbr A 9 p. 87, 15 [Stone p. 22] εἰς τὴν αἰθέρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ); clouds hover in it, the νεφέλαι τοῦ οὐρ. (s. νεφέλη) Mt 24:30b; 26:64; Mk 14:62; D 16:8. Likew. the birds, τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (Gen 1:26; Ps 8:9; Jdth 11:7; ParJer 7:3; cp. Bar 3:17) Mt 6:26; 8:20; 13:32; Mk 4:32; Lk 8:5; 9:58; Ac 10:12; 11:6; 6:12 (Gen 1:26), 18; Hs 9, 24, 1; GJs 3:2 codd.; 18:2 codd.—πυρράζει ὁ οὐρανός Mt 16:2, 3.—In connection w. τὸν σατανᾶν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ πεσόντα Lk 10:18 the atmosphere may well be thought of as an abode of evil spirits. On Satan as the ἄρχων τῆς ἐξουσίας τοῦ ἀέρος, s. ἀήρ. Cp. also the λεγόμενοι θεοὶ εἴτε ἐν οὐρ. εἴτε ἐπὶ γῆς 1 Cor 8:5. In any case Rv 12:7f speaks of the dragon and his angels as being in heaven.

ⓔ The concept of more than one heaven (the idea is Semitic; but s. FTorm, ZNW 33, ’34, 48–50, who refers to Anaximander and Aristot. Also Ps.-Apollod. 1, 6, 1, 2 ms. and Achilles Tat. 2, 36, 4 and 37, 2 ms. have οὐρανοί; Himerius, Or. 66 [=Or. 20], 4 οὐρανοί as the abode of the gods; also Hesychius Miles. [VI A.D.] c. 66 JFlach of the ‘godless heathen’ Tribonian.—Schlatter, Mt² p. 58 on 3:2: ‘The pl. οὐρανοί is found neither in Philo nor Joseph.’ Cp. PKatz, Philo’s Bible ’50, 141–46; Mussies 84) is also found in our lit. (s. 1aα; Theoph. Ant. 1, 4 [p. 64, 15]), but it is not always possible to decide with certainty just where the idea is really alive and where it simply survives in a formula (in J’s Gospel the pl. is entirely absent; Rv has it only 12:12 [fr. LXX]. Eph always has the pl. In others the sing. and pl. are interchanged for no apparent reason [cp. Hb 9:23 w. 24 or Hv 1, 1, 4 w. 1, 2, 1; also GPt 10:40f; Ps. 113:11 lines 1 and 2; TestAbr, TestJob, Just., Tat.]): the third heaven (cp. Ps.-Lucian, Philopatris 12 ἐς τρίτον οὐρανὸν ἀεροβατήσας [s. on ἀνακαινίζω and πνεῦμα 8]; PSI 29, 2ff [IV A.D.?] ἐπικαλοῦμαί σε τὸν καθήμενον ἐν τῷ πρώτῳ οὐρανῷ … ἐν τῷ β´ οὐρ. … ἐν τῷ γ´ οὐρ.; Simplicius, In Epict. p. 100, 13 Düb. ὀκτὼ οὐρανοί; TestLevi 3:3; GrBar 11:1 εἰς πέμπτον οὐ. Combination of the third heaven and paradise, GrBar 10:1ff; ApcMos 37. S. τρίτος 1a) 2 Cor 12:2 (s. JohJeremias, Der Gottesberg 1919, 41ff; Ltzm., Hdb.⁴ ’49, exc. on 2 Cor 12:3f [lit.]). ὑπεράνω πάντων τῶν οὐρανῶν Eph 4:10. τ. πάντα ἐν τ. οὐρανοῖς κ. ἐπὶ τ. γῆς Col 1:16; cp. vs. 20. ἔργα τ. χειρῶν σού εἰσιν οἱ οὐρ. Hb 1:10 (Ps 101:26).—4:14; 7:26; 2 Pt 3:5, 7, 10, 12f (of the heavens, their destruction in the final conflagration, and their replacement by the καινοὶ οὐρ.); 1 Cl 20:1; 33:3. τακήσονταί τινες τῶν οὐρανῶν 2 Cl 16:3.—S. also Lampe s.v. 2.—From the concept of various celestial levels a transition is readily made to

② transcendent abode, heaven (the pl. is preferred for this mng.: B-D-F §141, 1; Rob. 408)

ⓐ as the dwelling-place (or throne) of God (Sappho, Fgm. 56 D.² [=Campbell 54] of Eros; Solon 1, 22 D.³ of Zeus; Hom. Hymn to Aphrodite 291 [all three οὐρ. in the sing. as the seat of the gods]; Pla., Phdr. 246e ὁ μέγας ἐν οὐρανῷ Ζεύς; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 2, 2; 3, 4 ὁ οὐρ. as οἰκητήριον θεοῦ or θεῶν; Dio Chrys. 19[36], 22 θεῶν μακάρων κατʼ οὐρανόν; Artem. 2, 68 p. 159, 13 ὁ οὐρανὸς θεῶν ἐστὶν οἶκος; Ael. Aristid. 43, 14 K.=1 p. 5 D.; Maximus Tyr. 11, 11b; ins from Saïtaï in Lydia [δύναμις 5]; IAndrosIsis, Cyrene 8 p. 129.—On the OT: GWestphal, Jahwes Wohnstätten 1908, 214–73) Mt 23:22; Ac 7:55f; Hb 8:1; 16:2b (Is 66:1); Dg 10:7. ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρ. Hv 1, 1, 6 (cp. Tob 5:17 S). ὁ θεὸς τοῦ οὐρ. (Gen 24:3) Rv 11:13; 16:11. ὁ κύριος ἐν οὐρανοῖς Eph 6:9; cp. Col 4:1. ὁ πατὴρ ὑμῶν (μου, ἡμῶν) ὁ ἐν (τοῖς) οὐρ. (silver tablet fr. Amisos: ARW 12, 1909, 25 ἐγώ εἰμι ὁ μέγας ὁ ἐν οὐρανῷ καθήμενος) Mt 5:16, 45; 6:1, 9; 7:11, 21b; 10:33; 12:50; 16:17; 18:10b, 14, 19; Mk 11:25f; Lk 11:2 v.l.; D 8:2 (here the sing. ὁ ἐν τῷ οὐρ. Cp. PGM 12, 261 τῷ ἐν οὐρανῷ θεῷ). ὁ πατὴρ ὁ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ the Father who (gives) from heaven Lk 11:13 (Jos., Ant. 9, 73 ἐκχέαι τὸν θεὸν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ). God dwells in τὰ ὕψη τῶν οὐρ. 1 Cl 36:2. Therefore the one who prays looks up toward heaven: ἀναβλέπειν εἰς τὸν οὐρ. (s. ἀναβλέπω 1) Mt 14:19; Mk 6:41; 7:34; Lk 9:16; MPol 9:2; 14:1. ἀτενίσας εἰς τὸν οὐρ. εἶδεν δόξαν θεοῦ Ac 7:55; ἐπάρας τ. ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν οὐρ. J 17:1.—The Spirit of God comes fr. (the open) heaven Mt 3:16; Mk 1:10; Lk 3:21; J 1:32; Ac 2:2(–4); 1 Pt 1:12; AcPlCor 2:5. The voice of God resounds fr. it (Maximus Tyr. 35, 7b Διὸς ἐξ οὐρανοῦ μέγα βοῶντος, the words follow) Mt 3:17; Mk 1:11; Lk 3:22; J 12:28; Ac 11:9; MPol 9:1 (cp. Just., D. 88, 8), and it is gener. the place where divine pronouncements originate Ac 11:5 and their end vs. 10. The ὀργὴ θεοῦ reveals itself fr. heaven Ro 1:18 (s. Jos., Bell. 1, 630 τὸν ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ δικαστήν). Also, a σημεῖον ἐκ (ἀπὸ) τοῦ οὐρ. is a sign given by God Mt 16:1; Mk 8:11; Lk 11:16; cp. 21:11.—Lampe s.v. 4.

ⓑ Christ is ἐξ οὐρανοῦ from heaven, of a heavenly nature 1 Cor 15:47 (s. ἄνθρωπος 1d. On this HKennedy, St. Paul and the Conception of the ‘Heavenly Man’: Exp. 8th ser., 7, 1913, 97–110; EGraham, CQR 113, ’32, 226) and has come down from heaven J 3:13b, 31; 6:38, 42, 50 (Ar. 15, 1 ἀπʼ οὐρανοῦ καταβάς; Mel., P. 66, 467 ἀφικόμενος ἐξ οὐρανῶν), as ὁ ἄρτος ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ (s. ἄρτος 2). Cp. Ro 10:6. He returned to heaven (τὴν ἔνσαρκον εἰς τοὺς οὐρανοὺ ἀνάληψιν Iren. 1, 10, 1 [Harv. I 91, 2]; on the ascension s. CHönn, Studien zur Geschichte der Hf. im klass. Altertum: Progr. Mannheim 1910; EPfister, Der Reliquienkult im Altertum II 1912, 480ff; HDiels, Himmels u. Höllenfahrten v. Homer bis Dante: NJklA 49, 1922, 239–53; RHolland, Zur Typik der Himmelfahrt: ARW 23, 1925, 207–20; JKroll, Gott u. Hölle ’32, 533 [ind.: Ascensus]; WMichaelis, Zur Überl. der Hf.s-geschichte: ThBl 4, 1925, 101–9; AFridrichsen, D. Hf. bei Lk: ibid. 6, 1927, 337–41; GBertram, Die Hf. Jesu vom Kreuz: Deissmann Festschr. 1927, 187–217 [UHolzmeister, ZKT 55, ’31, 44–82]; HSchlier, Christus u. d. Kirche im Eph 1930, 1ff; VLarrañaga, L’Ascension de Notre-Seigneur dans le NT ’38 [fr. Spanish]. S. also at ἀνάστασις 2 end, and διά A 2a) to live there in glory: Mk 16:19; Lk 24:51; Ac 1:10f (AZwiep, The Ascension of the Messiah in Lukan Christology ’97); 2:34; 7:55f; 9:3; 22:6; 1 Pt 3:22; 15:9. Christians await his return fr. heaven: Ac 1:11; Phil 3:20; 1 Th 1:10; 4:16; 2 Th 1:7 (Just., A I, 51, 8 al.).—When Messianic woes have come to an end, τότε φανήσεται τὸ σημεῖον τοῦ υἱοῦ τ. ἀνθρώπου ἐν οὐρανῷ then the sign of the Human One (who is) in heaven will appear; acc. to the context, the sign consists in this, that he appears visibly in heavenly glory Mt 24:30.—Lampe s.v. 10b.

ⓒ as the abode of angels (Gen 21:17; 22:11; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 8, 12; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 34 [Stone p. 8]; ParJer 3:2; ApcMos 38; Just., D. 57, 2) Mt 18:10a; 22:30; 24:36; 28:2; Mk 12:25; 13:32; Lk 2:15; 22:43; J 1:51; Gal 1:8; Rv 10:1; 18:1; 19:14; 20:1. Cp. Eph 3:15.—Lampe s.v. 7.

ⓓ Christians who have died also dwell in heaven (cp. Dio Chrys. 23 [40], 35 οὐρανοῦ καὶ τῶν ἐν αὐτῷ θείων κ. μακαρίων αἰώνιον τάξιν; Libanius, Or. 21 p. 459, 9 F. πόρρω τοῦ τὸν οὐρανὸν οἰκοῦντος χοροῦ; Oenomaus in Eus., PE 5, 33, 5; 12; Artem. 2, 68 p. 160, 25 τὰς ψυχὰς ἀπαλλαγείσας τῶν σωμάτων εἰς τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀνιέναι τάχει χρωμένας ὑπερβάλλοντι; Himerius, Or. 8 [=23], 23: the daemon of the dead holds the σῶμα of the dead person, τὴν ψυχὴν ὁ οὐρανός; Quintus Smyrn. 7, 88; TestAbr A 20 p. 103, 26 [Stone p. 54]; TestJob 39:13; ApcEsdr 7:3). Their life, τὸ ἀληθῶς ἐν οὐρανῷ ζῆν, stands in strong contrast to the ὄντως θάνατος, that leads to the everlasting fire Dg 10:7b. Rhoda, who greets Hermas from heaven Hv 1, 1, 4, need not have died (s. MDibelius, Hdb. ad loc.), and still she shows us that heaven is open to the devout. Furthermore, the true citizenship of Christians is in heaven (Tat. 16, 1 τὴν ἐν οὐρανοῖς πορείαν; s. πολίτευμα) Phil 3:20; cp. Dg 5:9. Their names are enrolled in heaven (s. βίβλος 2) Lk 10:20; Hb 12:23. In heaven there await them their glorified body 2 Cor 5:1f, their reward Mt 5:12; Lk 6:23, their treasure Mt 6:20; Lk 12:33, the things they hoped for Col 1:5, their inheritance 1 Pt 1:4. It is a place of peace Lk 19:38.—ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ the New Jerusalem (s. Ἱεροσόλυμα 2) will come down to earth Rv 3:12; 21:2, 10.

ⓔ The concept of a heaven in which God, attendant spirits of God, and the righteous dead abide, makes it easy to understand the taking over of certain OT expressions in which heaven is personified εὐφραίνεσθε οἱ οὐρανοί (cp. Is 44:23; 49:13; Mel., P. 98, 747) Rv 12:12; cp. 18:20; 9:3 (Is 1:2); 11:2 (Jer 2:12); 1 Cl 27:7 (Ps 18:2).

③ an indirect reference to God, God fig. ext. of 2 (s. βασιλεία 1b.—A common Hebrew practice, but not unknown among polytheists: Philippides Com. [IV/III B.C.] 27 νὴ τὸν οὐρανόν. Acc. to Clem. Al., Protr. 5, 66, 4 Θεόφραστος πῇ μὲν οὐρανὸν, πῇ δὲ πνεῦμα τὸν θεὸν ὑπονοεῖ=Theophrastus at one time thinks of God as heaven and at another time as spirit; Appian, Hann. 56 §233 σημεῖα ἐκ Διός [ln. 14 Viereck-R.]=ἐξ οὐρανοῦ [ln. 16]; JosAs 19:2; SEG XXVIII, 1251, 3 [III/IV A.D.; s. New Docs 3, 49f]). ἁμαρτάνειν εἰς τὸν οὐρ. sin against God Lk 15:18, 21. ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἢ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Mt 21:25; Mk 11:30f; Lk 20:4f. βασιλεία τῶν οὐρ. (GrBar 11:2) in Mt=βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ 3:2; 4:17; 5:3, 10, 19f; 7:21; 8:11; 10:7; 11:11f; 13:11, 24, 31, 33, 44f, 47, 52; 16:19; 18:1, 3f, 23; 19:12, 14, 23; 20:1; 22:2; 23:13; 25:1: J 3:5 v.l.; AcPl Ha 8, 31 (restored)=BMM verso 3.—B. 53; 1484. DELG. M-M. DLNT 439–43. EDNT. TW. Sv.

σαλεύω fut. 3 sg. σαλεύσει Wsd 4:19; 1 aor. ἐσάλευσα. Pass.: 1 fut. σαλευθήσομαι Wsd 4:19; 1 aor. ἐσαλεύθην; pf. 3 sg. σεσάλευται Ps 93:18; ptc. σεσαλευμένος (σάλος; Aeschyl., Pla., X.+; OGI 515, 47; pap, LXX; En 101:4; TestSol; TestLevi 3:9; GrBar 6:13; Philo; Jos., Bell. 2, 636, Ant. 8, 136 al.; SibOr 3, 675) prim. ‘shake’; in our lit. only trans.

① to cause to move to and fro, shake, cause to waver/totter pass. be shaken, be made to waver/totter (Diod S 12, 47, 2 τ. τείχη) οἰκίαν shake a house (a flood: Sb 8267, 8 [5 B.C.]) Lk 6:48. τὴν γῆν Hb 12:26—Pass. (Hippol., Ref. 1, 8, 12) κάλαμος ὑπὸ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενος a reed driven to and fro by the wind (Appian, Bell. Civ. 4, 28 §120 [pass. in act. sense of a swaying reed]; s. Is 7:2; Jos., Ant. 4, 51 ἐξ ἀνέμου σαλευόμενον κῦμα) Mt 11:7; Lk 7:24. Cp. Rv 6:13 v.l. Of a house ἐσαλεύθη ὁ τόπος the place shook, lit. was shaken (cp. Ps 17:8; GrBar 6:13) Ac 4:31 (cp. Lucian, Necyom. 10 ἅπαντα ἐκεῖνα ἐσαλεύετο.—σαλεύεσθαι as a sign of divine presence TestLevi 3:9; Jos., Ant. 7, 76f). Of foundations shaking in an earthquake (cp. Ps 81:5) 16:26. αἱ δυνάμεις τῶν οὐρανῶν σαλευθήσονται the armies of heaven will be shaken Mt 24:29; Lk 21:26; cp. Mk 13:25 (PJoüon, RSR 29, ’39, 114f). Also of the heavens moving in orderly fashion at God’s command, prob. in ref. to the variety of motions exhibited in the heavens οἱ οὐρανοὶ σαλευόμενοι 1 Cl 20:1 (s. HHellfritz, VigChr 22, ’68, 1–7).—μέτρον σεσαλευμένον a measure that is shaken together Lk 6:38.—In imagery: τὰ σαλευόμενα that which is or can be shaken Hb 12:27a forms a contrast (cp. Philo, Leg. All. 38) to τὰ μὴ σαλευόμενα that which is not (and cannot be) shaken vs. 27b; the former is the heaven and earth of the world as it now exists (vs. 26), the latter the coming Kingdom (vs. 28).

② to disturb inwardly, disturb, shake, fig. ext. of 1 (Appian, Iber. 102 §442 of wavering in loyalty; PsSol 8:33; 15:4) ἵνα μὴ σαλευθῶ that I may not be shaken or disturbed Ac 2:25 (Ps 15:8); σαλευθῆναι ἀπὸ τοῦ νοός (Theodor. Prodr. 4, 319 H. τὸν νοῦν σαλευθείς) 2 Th 2:2. Incite perh. to the point of riot Ac 17:13.—B. 675. DELG s.v. σάλος. M-M. TW.

ἀεροσκοπίᾱν, ἀεροσκοπία

divination by observing the heavens: fem acc sg (attic doric aeolic)

ἀεροσκοπίᾱν, ἀεροσκοπία

divination by observing the heavens: fem acc sg (attic doric aeolic)

αἰωνοπολοκράτωρ

eternal ruler of the heavens: masc nom sg

αἰωνοπολοκράτωρ

eternal ruler of the heavens: masc nom sg

οὐρανογνώμων

skilled in the heavens: masc /fem acc pl

οὐρανογνώμων

skilled in the heavens: masc /fem acc pl

οὐρανογνώμων

skilled in the heavens: masc /fem nom /voc pl

οὐρανογνώμων

skilled in the heavens: masc /fem nom /voc pl