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41 EIGA
* * *I)(á, átta, áttr), v.1) to own, possess (Starkaðr átti hest góðan);2) to have (eiga börn, föður, móður, vin);eiga konu, to have her for wife;hann átti Gró, he was married to G.;hann gekk at eiga Þóru, he took Th. for his wife, he married Th.;enga vil ek þessa eiga, I will not marry any of these;eiga heima, to have a home, to live (þeir áttu heima austr í Mörk);eiga sér e-t = eiga e-t (Höskuldr átti sér dóttur, er Hallgerðr hét);eiga ván e-s, to have hope of a thing, to reckon upon;eiga hlut at or í e-u, to have a share in a thing, to be concerned in;eiga vald á e-u, to have within one’s power;3) to be under obligation, be obliged, have to do a thing;tólf menn, þeir er fylgð áttu með konungi, who were bound to attend the king’s person;á ek þar fyrir at sjá, I am bound (I have) to see to that;átti Hrútr för í Vestfjorðu, H. had to go to the V.;4) to have a right (claim) to, be entitled to (eiga högg ok höfn í skóginum);eiga mál í e-m, to have a charge against one;eiga rétt á sér, to have a (personal) claim to redress;5) to keep, hold;eiga fund, þing, samkvámu, stefnu, to hold a meeting;eiga kaupstefnu, to hod a market;eiga orrustu við e-n, to fight a battle with one;eiga högg við e-n, to exchange blows with one;eiga illt við e-n, to quarrel with;eiga tal (or mál) við e-n, to speak, converse with one;6) as an auxiliary with pp. = hafa (þat er við áttum mælt);eiga skilit, to have stipulated;7) to have to (skal Þ. eigi at því eiga at spotta);eiga hendr sínar it verja, to have to act in self-defence;eiga um vandræði at halda, to be in a strait;8) eiga e-m e-t, to owe to one (mun æ, hvat þú átt þeim er veitir);þat muntu ætla, at ek mun eiga hinn bleika uxann, that the fawn-coloured ox means me;10) with preps.:eiga e-t at e-m, to have something due from one, to expect from one (þat vil ek eiga at þér, at þú segir mér frá ferð þinni);to deserve from one (ok á ek annat at þér);þeir er mikit þóttust at sér eiga, had much in their power;eiga e-t eptir, to have to do yet, to have left undone (þat áttu eptir, er erfiðast er, en þat er at deyja);to leave behind one (andaðist ok átti eptir tvá sonu vaxna);eiga e-t saman, to own in common;eiga skap saman, to agree well, be of one mind;eigi veit ek, hvárt við eigum heill saman, whether we shall live happy together;eiga saman, to quarrel, = eiga deild saman;eiga um við e-n, to have to deal with (við brögðótta áttu nú um);þar sem við vini mína er um at eiga, where my friends are concerned;eiga e-t undir e-m, to have in another’s hands;Njáll átti mikit fé undir Starkaði ok í Sandgili, N. had much money out at interest with St. and at Sandgil, er sá eigi vel staddr, er líf sitt á undir þinum trúnaði, whose life depends on thy good faith;eiga mikit (lítit) undir sér, to have much (little) in one’s power;far þú við marga menn, svá at þú eigir allt undir þér, that the whole matter rests in thy own hands;hann sá, at hann átti ekki undir sér, that he had no influence;eiga við e-n, to have to do with, fight with (brátt fundu þeir, at þeir áttu þar ekki við sinn maka);ekki á ek þetta við þik, this is no business between thee and me;eiga gott (illt) við e-n, to be on good (bad) terms with one;eiga við konu, to have intercourse with, = eiga lag (samræði) við konu;recipr., eigast við, to deal with one another; fight, quarrel;eigast við deildir, to be engaged in strife;áttust þeir höggvaskipti við, they exchanged blows with one another.f.1) possession;kasta sinni eigu, leggja sína eigu, í e-t, to take possession of;2) property.* * *pret. átti; pret. subj. ætti, pres. eigi; pres. ind. á, 2nd pers. átt (irreg. eigr, Dipl. v. 24), pl. eigum, 3rd pers. pl. old form eigu, mod. eiga; imperat. eig and eigðu; sup. átt; with suffixed neg. pres. ind. 1st pers. á’k-at, 2nd pers. átt-attu; pret. subj. ættim-a: [Gr. ἔχω; Goth. aigan; A. S. âgan; Hel. êgan; O. H. G. eigan; Swed. äga; Dan. eje; Engl. to owe and own, of which the former etymologically answers to ‘eiga,’ the latter to ‘eigna’]:—to have, possess.A. ACT.I. denoting ownership, to possess:1. in a proper sense; allt þat góz sem þeir eiga eðr eigandi verða, D. N. i. 80; hann eigr hálfa jörðina, Dipl. v. 24; Björn hljóp þá á skútu er hann átti, Eb. 6; Starkaðr átti hest góðan, Nj. 89; þau áttu gnótt í búi, 257; hón á allan arf eptir mik, 3; átti hón auð fjár, Ld. 20; ef annarr maðr ferr með goðorð en sá er á, Grág. i. 159; annat vápnit, ok á þat Þorbjörn, en Þorgautr á þetta, Ísl. ii. 341; eignir þær er faðir hans hafði átt, Eb. 4; í ríki því er Dana konungar höfðu átt þar lengi, Fms. xi. 301, Rb. 494, Eb. 54, 118, 256, 328, Sturl. ii. 60, Eg. 118; e. saman, to own in common, Grág. i. 199; ef tveir menn eigo bú saman, ii. 44; e. skuld (at e-m), to be in debt, Engl. to owe; en ef hann átti engar skuldir, if he owed no debts, i. 128; þar til átti honum ( owed him) meistari Þorgeirr ok þá mörk, D. N. iv. 288 (Fr.); e. fé undir e-m, to be one’s creditor, Nj. 101; in mod. usage, e. fé hjá e-m, or ellipt., e. hjá e-m.2. in a special sense;α. eiga konu, to have her to wife; hann átti Gró, Eb. 16; hann átti Ynghvildi, 3; Þorgerðr er (acc.) átti Vigfúss, … Geirríðr er (acc.) átti Þórólfr, 18; hann gékk at eiga Þóru, he married Thora, id.; Þuríði hafði hann áðr átta, Thorida had been his first wife, 42; enga vil ek þessa e., I will not marry any of these, Nj. 22; Björn átti þá konu er Valgerðr hét, 213, 257; faðir Hróðnýjar er átti Þorsteinn, Landn. 90; Ásdísi átti síðar Skúli, S. was A.’s second husband, 88; Þorgerðr er átti Önundr sjóni, 89; Vigdís er átti Þorbjörn enn digri, 87; Árnþrúðr er átti Þórir hersir, 66; Húngerð er átti Svertingr, 6l, 86, and in numberless passages: old writers hardly ever say that the wife owns her husband—the passages in Edda 109 (vide elja) and Nj. 52 (til lítils kemr mér at eiga hinn vaskasta mann á Íslandi) are extraordinary—owing to the primitive notion of the husband’s ‘jus possessionis’ (cp. brúðkaup); but in mod. usage ‘eiga’ is used indiscriminately of both wife and husband; Icel. even say, in a recipr. sense, eigast, to own one another, to be married: þau áttust, they married; hann vildi ekki at þau ættist, hann bannaði þeim að eigast, he forbade them to marry:—to the ancients such a phrase was almost unknown, and occurs for the first time in K. Á. 114.β. eiga börn, to have children, of both parents; áttu þau Jófriðr tíu börn, J. and her husband had ten bairns, Eg. 708; hann átti dóttur eina er Unnr hét, Nj. 1; þau Þorsteinn ok Unnr áttu son er Steinn hét, Eb. 10, Nj. 91, 257; áttu þau Þórhildr þrjá sonu, 30; e. móður, föður, to have a mother, father, Eb. 98; vænti ek ok, at þú eigir illan föður, id.γ. the phrase, e. heima, to have a home; þeir áttu heima austr í Mörk, Nj. 55; því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, þar sem ek á heima út á Íslandi, 275; in mod. usage = to live, abide, in regard to place, cp. the questions put to a stranger, hvað heitir maðrinn? hvar áttu heima? used in a wider sense than búa.δ. eiga sér, to have, cp. ‘havde sig’ in Dan. ballads; Höskuldr átti sér dóttur er Hallgerðr hét, Nj. 3; ef hann á sér í vá veru, Hm. 25, (freq. in mod. use.)3. without strict notion of possession; e. vini, óvini, to have friends, enemies, Nj. 101; hverja liðveizlu skal ek þar e. er þú ert, what help can I reckon upon from thee? 100; e. ván e-s, to have hope of a thing, to reckon upon, 210; e. til, to have left; ekki eigu it annat til ( there is nothing left for you) nema at biðja postulann. Jóh. 623. 22: in mod. usage e. til means to own, to have left; hann á ekkert til, he is void of means, needy; eiga góða kosti fjár, to be in good circumstances, Ísl. ii. 322; e. vald á e-u, to have within one’s power, Nj. 265; the phrase, e. hlut at e-u, or e. hlut í e-u, to have a share, be concerned with; eptir þat átti hann hlut at við mótstöðumenn Gunnars, 101, 120; þar er þú ættir hlut at, where thou wast concerned, 119; mik uggir at hér muni eigi gæfu-menn hlut í e., 179: hence ellipt., e. í e-u, to be engaged in, chiefly of strife, adversity, or the like; thus, e. í stríði, fátaekt, baráttu, to live, be deep in struggle, want, battle, etc.II. denoting duty, right, due, obligation:1. to be bound, etc.; þeir menn er fylgð áttu með konungi, the men who owed following to (i. e. were bound to attend) the king’s person, Fms. vii. 240; á ek þar fyrir at sjá, I am bound to see to that, Eg. 318; Tylptar-kviðr átti um at skilja, Eb. 48; þeir spurðu hvárt Njáli þætti nokkut e. at lýsa vígsök Gunnars, Nj. 117; nú áttu, Sigvaldi, now is thy turn, now ought thou, Fms. xi. 109, Fs. 121; menn eigu ( men ought) at spyrja at þingfesti, Grág. i. 19; þá á þann kvið einskis meta, that verdict ought to be void, 59; ef sá maðr á ( owns) fé út hér er ómagann á ( who ought) fram at færa, 270; nú hafa þeir menn jammarga sem þeir eigu, as many as they ought to have, ii. 270; tíunda á maðr fé sitt, … þá á hann þat at tíunda, … þá á hann at gefa sálugjafir, i. 202:—‘eiga’ and ‘skal’ are often in the law used indiscriminately, but properly ‘ought’ states the moral, ‘shall’ the legal obligation,—elska skalt þú föður þinn og móður, þú skalt ekki stela, where ‘átt’ would be misplaced; sometimes it is merely permissive, gefa á maðr vingjafir at sér lifanda, ef hann vill, a man ‘may’ whilst in life bequeath to his friends, if he will, id.; maðr á at gefa barni sínu laungetnu tólf aura, ef hann vill, fyrir ráð skaparfa sinna, en eigi meira nema erfingjar lofi, a man ‘may’ bequeath to the amount of twelve ounces to his illegitimate child without leave of the lawful heir, etc., 203; ef þat á til at vilja, if that is to happen, Fas. i. 11.2. denoting claim, right, to own, be entitled to, chiefly in law phrases; e. dóm, sakir, to own the case, i. e. be the lawful prosecutor; ok á sá þeirra sakir, er …, Grág. i. 10; eðr eigu þeir eigi at lögum, or if they be not entitled to it, 94; e. mál á e-m, to have a charge against one, Nj. 105; e. rétt á e-u, to own a right; sá sem rétt á á henni, who has a right to her, K. Á. 16; þeir sögðu at þeim þótti slíkr maðr mikinn rétt á sér e., such a man had a strong personal claim to redress, Nj. 105; hence the phrase, eiga öngan rétt á sér, if one cannot claim redress for personal injury; þá eigu þeir eigi rétt á sér, then they have no claim to redress whatever, Grág. i. 261; e. sök, saka-staði á e-u, to have a charge against; þat er hann átti öngva sök á, Nj. 130; saka-staði þá er hann þótti á eiga, 166; kalla Vermund eigi ( not) eiga at selja sik, said V. had no right to sell them, Eb. 116: hence in mod. usage, eiga denotes what is fit and right, þú átt ekki að göra það, you ought not; eg ætti ekki, I ought not: in old writers eiga is seldom strictly used in this sense, but denotes the legal rather than the moral right.β. eiga fé at e-m (mod. e. hjá e-m), to be one’s creditor, Grág. i. 90, 405, Band. 1 C: metaph. to deserve from one, ok áttu annat at mér, Nj. 113; e. gjafir at e-m, 213; in a bad sense, kváðusk mikit e. at Þráni, they had much against Thrain, 138.γ. the law phrase, e. útkvæmt, fært, to have the right to return, of a temporary exile, Nj. 251: at hann skyli eigi e. fært út hingat, Grág. i. 119; ok á eigi þingreitt, is not allowed to go to the parliament, ii. 17; e. vígt, Grág., etc.III. denoting dealings or transactions between men (in a meeting, fight, trade, or the like), to keep, hold; þætti mér ráðliga at vér ættim einn fimtardóm, Nj. 150; e. orrustu við e-n, to fight a battle, Fms. i. 5, Eg. 7; e. högg við e-n, to exchange blows, 297; e. vápna-viðskipti, id., Fms. ii. 17; eiga handsöl at e-u, to shake hands, make a bargain, x. 248; e. ráð við e-n, to consult, hold a conference with, Nj. 127; e. tal við e-n, to speak, converse with one, 129; e. mál við e-n, id., Grág. i. 10; e. fund, to hold a meeting, Nj. 158; e. þing, samkvámu, stefnu, to hold a meeting, Eg. 271; þetta haust áttu menn rétt (a kind of meeting) fjölmenna, Eb. 106; e. kaupstefnu, to hold a market, exchange, 56; e. féránsdóm, Grág. i. 94; e. gott saman, to live well together, in peace and goodwill, Ld. 38; e. illt við e-n, to deal ill with, quarrel with, Nj. 98; e. búisifjar, q. v., of intercourse with neighbours, Njarð. 366; e. drykkju við e-n, to be one’s ‘cup-mate,’ Eg. 253; e. við e-n, to deal with one; ekki á ek þetta við þik, this is no business between thee and me, Nj. 93; gott vilda ek við alla menn e., I would live in goodwill with all, 47; e. við e-n, to fight one; eigum vér ekki við þá elligar (in a hostile sense), else let us not provoke them, 42; eðr hvárt vili it Helgi e. við Lýting einn eðr bræðr hans báða, 154; brátt fundu þeir, at þeir áttu þar eigi við sinn maka, Ld. 64; Glúmr kvað hann ekki þurfa at e. við sik, G. said he had no need to meddle with him, Glúm. 338; e. um að vera, to be concerned; ekki er við menn um at e., Nj. 97; þar sem við vini mína er um at e., where my friends are concerned, 52; við færi er þá um at e., ef Kári er einn, there are fewer to deal with, to fight, if K. be alone, 254; við brögðótta áttu nú um, Fms. v. 263; ætla ek at oss mun léttara falla at e. um við Svein einn, iv. 80; Sveinn svarar, at þeir áttu við ofrefli um at e., that they had to deal with odds, 165.β. almost as an auxiliary verb; e. skilt (skilit), to have stipulated; hafa gripina svá sem hann átti skill, Fms. vi. 160; þat átta ek skilit við þik, ii. 93; sem Hrani átti skilt, iv. 31; e. mælt, of oral agreement; sem vit áttum mælt með okkr, xi. 40; þá vil ek þat mælt e., 124: in mod. usage e. skilit means to deserve, eg á ekki þetta skilit af hér, etc.γ. sometimes used much like geta; við því átti Búi eigi gert, B. could not guard against that, Fms. i. 117, cp. xi. 109:—also, e. bágt, to be in a strait, poor, sickly; e. heimilt, to have at one’s disposal, Eb. 254.IV. to have to do; skal Þorleifr eigi ( not) e. at því at spotta, Eb. 224; e. hendr sínar at verja, to have to defend one’s own hands, to act in self-defence, Nj. 47; e. e-m varlaunað, to stand in debt to one, 181; e. um vandræði at halda, to be in a strait, Eb. 108; e. erindi, to have an errand to run, 250; en er þeir áttu um þetta at tala, when they had to talk, were talking, of this, Stj. 391; e. ríkis at gæta, to have the care of the kingdom, Nj. 126; en þó á ek hverki at telja við þik mægðir né frændsemi, i. e. I am no relation to thee, 213; ok ætti þeir við annan at deila fyrst, 111; e. mikið at vinna, to be much engaged, hard at work, 97; e. e-t eptir, to have left a thing undone, 56; e. för, ferð, to have a journey to take, 11, 12; hann átti þar fé at heimta, 261; e. eptir mikit at mæla, 88.2. metaph. in the phrases, e. mikit (lítið) ‘at’ ser, or ‘undir’ sér, to have much (or little) in one’s power; margir menn, þeir er mikit þóttusk at sér e., Sturl. i. 64; far þú við marga menn, svá at þú eigir allt undir þér, go with many men, so that thou hast the whole matter in thy hands, Ld. 250; en ávalt átta ek nokkuð undir mér, Vígl. 33; kann vera at hann eigi mikit undir sér, Fas. i. 37; eigum heldr undir oss ( better keep it in our own hands), en ganga í greipar þeim mæðginum, Fs. 37; sem þeir, er ekki eigu undir sér, who are helpless and weak, Þorst. St. 55; e. þykisk hann nokkut undir sér, i. e. he bears himself very proudly, Grett. 122; þetta ráð vil ek undir sonum mínum e., I will leave the matter in my sons’ hands, Valla L. 202; e. líf sitt undir e-m, to have one’s life in another’s hands, Grett. 154; mun ek nú senda eptir mönnum, ok e. eigi undir ójöfnuði hans, and trust him not, 110: hence in mod. usage, e. undir e-u, to risk; eg þori ekki að e. undir því, I dare not risk it: e. saman, to have or own in common; the saying, það á ekki saman nema nafnið, it has nothing but the name in common; rautt gull ok bleikt gull á ekki saman nema nafn eitt, Fms. v. 346: the proverb, þeygi á saman gamalt og ungt, Úlf. 3. 44; e. skap saman, to agree well; kemr þú þér því vel við Hallgerði, at it eigit meir skap saman, you are quite of one mind, Nj. 66; eigi veit ek hvárt við eigum heill saman, I know not whether we shall have luck, i. e. whether we shall live happy, together, 3.β. to deal with one another (sam-eign); er vér skulum svá miklu úgæfu saman e., that we are to have so much mischief between us, Nj. 201; e. e-t yfir höfði, to have a thing hanging over one’s head, Sks. 742.V. to agree with, to fit, to suit one:1. with acc., það á ekki við mig, it suits me not, it agrees not with me.2. with dat., medic. to agree, heal, the sickness in dat., thus the proverb, margt á við mörgu, cp. ‘similia similibus curantur,’ Vidal. ii. 109.3. absol. to apply to; at hann skyldi eigi trúa lágum manni rauðskeggjuðum, því at meistarinn átti þetta, the description suited to the master, Fms. xi. 433; þat muntu ætla, at ek muna e. hinn bleika uxann, that the dun ox means me, Vápn. 21.B. REFLEX., in a reciprocal sense, in the phrase, eigask við, to deal with one another, chiefly to fight; en er þeir höfðu langa hríð við átzk, when they had fought a long time, Eb. 238, 74; eigask við deildir, to be engaged in strife, 246; áttusk þeir höggva-viðskipti við, they came to a close fight, Fms. i. 38; áttusk þeir fá högg við, áðr …, they had a short fight before …, Eg. 297; fátt áttusk þeir við Þjóstólfr ok Þorvaldr, Thostolf and Thorwald had little to do with one another, kept aloof from each other, Nj. 18; var nú kyrt þann dag, svá at þeir áttusk ekki við, tbat day passed quietly, so that they came not to a quarrel, 222.β. to marry, vide above (A. I. 2). -
42 meno
1. adv lesssuperlativo leastmathematics minusil meno possibile as little as possibledi meno at leasta meno che unlessper lo meno at leastsono le sei meno un quarto it's a quarter to sixsempre meno less and lessfare a meno di qualcosa do without somethingvenir meno a qualcuno forze desert someonevenir meno alla parola data not keep one's word2. prep except* * *meno avv.compar.1 (in minor quantità o grado) less; not so... (as); not as... (as): dovresti lavorare (di) meno e riposare di più, you should work less and rest more; il viaggio di ritorno mi è sembrato meno lungo, the journey back didn't seem so long (to me); quest'anno ha piovuto (di) meno, it hasn't rained so much this year; non per questo è meno intelligente, he is no less intelligent for that // più o meno, poco più poco meno, more or less // chi più chi meno, more or less (o some more some less): tutti hanno contribuito, chi più chi meno, al buon esito dell'iniziativa, everyone more or less contributed to the success of the venture (o everyone contributed to the success of the venture, some more some less) // né più né meno, just, exactly: gli ho detto né più né meno come la pensavo, I told him just (o exactly) how I felt about it; le cose sono andate né più né meno così, that's exactly what happened2 (nel compar. di minoranza) less... (than); not so... (as), not as... (as): l'argento è meno prezioso dell'oro, silver is less precious than gold (o silver isn't as precious as gold); lui non è meno studioso di te, he studies just as much as you do (o he studies no less than you do); oggi è meno freddo di ieri, it isn't as cold today as it was yesterday (form. it is less cold than yesterday); il traffico era meno intenso del solito, the traffic wasn't as heavy as usual (o was less heavy than usual); è andata meno bene del previsto, it didn't go as well as expected3 (correl.) (quanto) meno... (tanto) meno: the less... the less: meno si lavora, meno si lavorerebbe, the less you work, the less you feel like working; meno studi, meno impari, the less you study, the less you learn4 (nel superl. di minoranza) the least; (fra due) the less: tra tutte le conferenze, questa è stata la meno interessante, of all the lectures, this was the least interesting; la meno preparata delle due squadre, the less fit of the (two) teams; ho intenzione di scegliere la macchina che costa meno, I'm going to choose the car that costs the least (o the cheapest car); cerca di affaticarti il meno possibile, try to tire yourself as little as possible5 (con valore di no) not: fammi sapere se verrai o meno, let me know whether or not you're coming; mi domando se valga la pena o meno di accettare, I wonder whether or not it's worth accepting; mi hanno accreditato mille euro, meno le spese bancarie, my account was credited with one thousand euros, minus bank charges6 (mat.) minus: sette meno tre è uguale a quattro, seven minus three is four (o three from seven leaves four) // la temperatura è meno due, the temperature is two degrees below zero // ci sono cinque euro in meno, di meno, (mancano cinque euro) there's five euros missing; ho speso dieci euro in meno, I spent ten euros less; uno di meno!, one less!; non eravamo in meno di otto, there were no less than eight of us // se avessi vent'anni di meno!, if only I were twenty years younger! // sono le otto meno cinque, it's five to eight◆ prep. (tranne) but, except: c'erano tutti meno loro, everyone was there except (o but) them; il museo è aperto tutti i giorni meno il lunedì, the museum is open every day but (o except) Monday; ho pensato a tutto meno che a fare i biglietti, I saw to everything except the tickets.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: tanto meno, ancora meno, even less: non ho accettato finora, tanto meno accetterei adesso, I haven't accepted so far, and now I've got even less reason to accept // meno che mai, men che meno, let alone: non sa parlare l'italiano, meno che mai l'inglese, he can't even speak Italian, let alone English // quanto meno, (perlomeno) at least: avresti potuto quanto meno farmi una telefonata, you could at least have phoned me // fare a meno di qlcu., di (fare) qlco., to do without s.o., (doing) sthg.: non potrei fare a meno di lui, I couldn't do without him; non potei fare a meno di ridere, I couldn't help laughing // venire meno, (venire a mancare) to fail; (svenire) to faint; mi venne meno il coraggio, my courage failed me; a quella notizia, mi sentii venire meno, I felt as if I was going to faint when I heard the news // venire meno alla parola data, to break one's word // essere da meno (di qlcu.), to be less than s.o. // senza meno, (region.) certainly, for sure: le telefonerò domani senza meno, I'll phone her tomorrow for sure; a meno che, a meno di, unless: lo spettacolo si terrà all'aperto, a meno che non piova, the performance will take place outdoors, unless it rains; non farei mai una cosa simile, a meno di non esservi costretto, I would never do such a thing, unless I was forced to // niente meno → nientedimeno // per lo meno → perlomeno.meno agg.compar.invar. less; not so much, not as much; (con s. pl.) fewer; not so many, not as many: c'è meno traffico sulle strade rispetto a ieri, there's less traffic on the roads than yesterday (o there isn't as much traffic on the roads as yesterday); oggi c'è meno gente in giro, there are fewer people (o there aren't so many people) about today; se prendi l'autostrada impiegherai meno tempo, it will take you less time (o it won't take you so long) if you use the motorway; c'erano meno italiani e più stranieri, there were fewer Italians and more foreigners; ha meno amici che nemici, he has fewer friends than enemies; loro hanno meno preoccupazioni di noi, they have fewer worries than we have (o they haven't so many worries as we have); questa volta hai fatto meno errori, this time you made fewer mistakes (o you didn't make so many mistakes) // meno storie!, stop making a fuss! // meno male, thank goodness; just as well; it's a good job (o a good thing); not so bad: meno male che non si è fatto niente, thank goodness he wasn't hurt; meno male che siete arrivati in tempo, it's a good job you arrived in time; meno male, poteva andar peggio!, not so bad, things could have been worse!◆ s.m.1 (con valore di compar.) less, not as much: ho fatto meno di quanto avrei voluto, I did less than (o I didn't do as much as) I would have liked; ha mangiato meno del solito, he ate less than usual (o he didn't eat as much as usual); meno di così non si poteva dare, you couldn't give less than that; si accontenterebbe di molto meno, he would be satisfied with much less; oggi ho dovuto aspettare molto meno, today I didn't have nearly so long to wait (o I had much less to wait); ci vorranno non meno di tre ore per arrivare, it will take no less than three hours to get there; finirò il lavoro in meno di un mese, I shall finish the job in less than a month; arriverà tra non meno di due settimane, he won't be here for a fortnight // a meno, per meno, (a minor prezzo) for less (o cheaper): vendere, acquistare per meno, to sell, to purchase for less // in men che non si dica, in less than no time2 (con valore di superl.) the least; as little as: questo è il meno che tu possa fare, that's the least you can do; era il meno che gli potesse capitare, it was the least that could happen to him; vorrei spendere il meno possibile, I'd like to spend as little as possible // parlare del più e del meno, to talk of this and that // quando meno ci si pensa..., when you least expect...3 (mat.) minus: il segno del meno, the minus sign4 pl.: i meno, (la minoranza) the minority; i deputati che votarono a favore della proposta di legge erano i meno, the MP s who voted in favour of the bill were in the minority.* * *['meno]1. avv1) lessè meno alto di suo fratello/di quel che pensavo — he is not as tall as his brother/as I thought, he is less tall than his brother/than I thought
ha due anni meno di me — he's two years younger than me
meno ne discutiamo, meglio è — the less we talk about it, the better
deve avere non meno di trent'anni — he must be at least thirty
andare all'università diventa sempre meno facile — it's getting less and less easy to go to university
2) (con senso superlativo) least3) (sottrazione) Mat minus, less5 meno 2 — 5 minus 2, 5 take away 2
sono le otto meno un quarto — it's a quarter to eight Brit o of eight Am
mi hai dato due carte di meno — you gave me two cards too few
eh, se avessi dieci anni di meno! — oh, if only I were ten years younger!
ho una sterlina in meno — I am one pound short
ci sono meno 25° — it's minus 25°, it is 25° below (zero)
4)non è da meno di lui — she is (every bit) as good as he isnon voglio essere da meno di lui — I don't want to be outdone by him
meno di — to do o manage withoutse non c'è zucchero ne faremo a meno — if there isn't any sugar we'll do without
non ho potuto fare a meno di ridere — I couldn't help laughing
in
men che non si dica — in less than no time, quick as a flashmeno gli inglesi — least of all the Englishfammi sapere se verrai o meno — let me know if you are coming or not
meno poteva avvertire — he could at least have let us knownon mi piace come scrive e tanto meno come parla — I don't like the way he writes let alone the way he talks
2. agg inv(acqua, lavoro, soldi) less, (persone, libri, errori) fewermeno bambini ci sono, meglio è — the fewer children there are the better
3. sm inv1)il meno — the leastera il meno che ti potesse capitare — (rimprovero) you were asking for it
parlare del più e del meno — to talk about this and that
i
meno — (la minoranza) the minority2) Mat minus (sign)4. prep(fuorché, eccetto che) except (for)meno uno — all but one* * *['meno] 1.1) (in un comparativo di minoranza) less2) (con un avverbio) less3) (con un verbo) lessguadagno meno di lei — I earn less than she does, I don't earn as much as she does
meno se ne parla, meglio è — the less said about that, the better
meno esco, meno ho voglia di uscire — the less I go out, the less I feel like going out
4) (con un numerale) lessmeno di due ore — under o less than two hours
non troverai niente a meno di 200 euro — you won't find anything for less than o for under 200 euros
(il) meno, (la) meno, (i) meno, (le) meno — the least
6) (in correlazione con "più")né più, né meno — neither more, nor less
centimetro più, centimetro meno — give or take an inch (or two)
7) (con valore di negazione) not8) da menoho fatto una torta anche io per non essere da meno — I made a cake as well, just to keep up
10) a meno di short of11) a meno che unless12) sempre meno less and less13) meno male thank goodness14) quanto meno, per lo meno at least15) tanto menonon l'ho mai visto, tanto meno gli ho parlato — I've never seen him, much less spoken to him
era troppo malata per stare in piedi, tanto meno per camminare — she was too ill to stand let alone walk
16) più o meno more or less, about, roughly, round about2."ti è piaciuto il film?" - "più o meno" — "did you enjoy the film?" - "sort of"
aggettivo invariabile1) (in un comparativo di minoranza) less, fewer2) (con valore pronominale) less, fewer3.1) (in una sottrazione) from, minus20 meno 5 fa 15 — 5 from 20 leaves 15, 20 minus 5 is 15, 20 take away 5 is 15
2) (tranne, eccetto) but, besides, except4.sostantivo maschile invariabile1) (la cosa, quantità minore) least2) mat. minus (sign)••parlare del più e del meno — to talk about this and that, to shoot the breeze AE
in men che non si dica — before you could say knife, in the bat o wink of an eye, in (less than) no time
••fare a meno di — to manage o do without, to dispense with [auto, servizi]
Note:Meno è usato principalmente come avverbio e come aggettivo, anche con valore pronominale. - Come avverbio, si rende con less quando introduce un comparativo di minoranza e con (the) least quando introduce un superlativo di minoranza: less è seguito da than, the least è seguito da of oppure in (se ci si riferisce a un luogo o un gruppo). Gli esempi nella voce mostrano anche che il comparativo di minoranza è spesso sostituito in inglese dalla variante negativa di un comparativo di uguaglianza: ho meno esperienza di te = I have less experience than you, oppure: I don't have as much experience as you; la mia stanza è meno grande della tua = my bedroom isn't as big as yours. - Come aggettivo, in inglese standard meno si traduce con less davanti e al posto di sostantivi non numerabili ( meno denaro = less money; ne ho meno di ieri = I have less than yesterday), mentre davanti e al posto di sostantivi plurali si usa fewer con valore comparativo ( meno studenti = fewer students; non meno di = no fewer than) e (the) fewest con valore superlativo ( ho fatto meno errori di tutti = I made the fewest mistakes; ne ha dati meno di tutti = he gave the fewest); tuttavia, nel linguaggio parlato less tende a sostituire fewer anche con riferimento plurale: meno persone = less people. - Per altri esempi e per l'uso di meno come preposizione e sostantivo, si veda la voce qui sotto* * *meno/'meno/Meno è usato principalmente come avverbio e come aggettivo, anche con valore pronominale. - Come avverbio, si rende con less quando introduce un comparativo di minoranza e con (the) least quando introduce un superlativo di minoranza: less è seguito da than, the least è seguito da of oppure in (se ci si riferisce a un luogo o un gruppo). Gli esempi nella voce mostrano anche che il comparativo di minoranza è spesso sostituito in inglese dalla variante negativa di un comparativo di uguaglianza: ho meno esperienza di te = I have less experience than you, oppure: I don't have as much experience as you; la mia stanza è meno grande della tua = my bedroom isn't as big as yours. - Come aggettivo, in inglese standard meno si traduce con less davanti e al posto di sostantivi non numerabili ( meno denaro = less money; ne ho meno di ieri = I have less than yesterday), mentre davanti e al posto di sostantivi plurali si usa fewer con valore comparativo ( meno studenti = fewer students; non meno di = no fewer than) e (the) fewest con valore superlativo ( ho fatto meno errori di tutti = I made the fewest mistakes; ne ha dati meno di tutti = he gave the fewest); tuttavia, nel linguaggio parlato less tende a sostituire fewer anche con riferimento plurale: meno persone = less people. - Per altri esempi e per l'uso di meno come preposizione e sostantivo, si veda la voce qui sotto.I avverbio1 (in un comparativo di minoranza) less; un po' meno a little less; è meno alto di Tim he is not as tall as Tim; è meno complicato di quanto pensi it's less complicated than you think2 (con un avverbio) less; meno spesso less often; meno del solito less than usual; canta meno bene di prima she doesn't sing as well as she used to3 (con un verbo) less; l'argento costa meno dell'oro silver costs less than gold; costa meno prendere il treno it works out cheaper to take the train; dovresti lavorare (di) meno you should work less; guadagno meno di lei I earn less than she does, I don't earn as much as she does; meno se ne parla, meglio è the less said about that, the better; meno esco, meno ho voglia di uscire the less I go out, the less I feel like going out; è lui quello che lavora meno di tutti he's the one who works the least of all4 (con un numerale) less; meno di 50 less than 50; meno di due ore under o less than two hours; un po' meno di 15 cm just under 15 cm; i bambini con meno di sei anni children under six; non troverai niente a meno di 200 euro you won't find anything for less than o for under 200 euros5 (in un superlativo relativo) (il) meno, (la) meno, (i) meno, (le) meno the least; le famiglie meno ricche the least wealthy families; era la meno soddisfatta di tutti she was the least satisfied of all; è quello pagato meno bene fra i due he's the least well-paid of the two; quello mi piace meno di tutti I like that one (the) least; sono quelli che ne hanno meno bisogno they are the ones who need it (the) least; proprio quando meno me l'aspettavo just when I least expected it6 (in correlazione con "più") né più, né meno neither more, nor less; centimetro più, centimetro meno give or take an inch (or two); né più né meno che nothing less than7 (con valore di negazione) not; che lo voglia o meno whether he's willing or not; non ha deciso se firmare o meno he hasn't decided whether to sign (or not)8 da meno è un gran bugiardo e suo fratello non è da meno he's a liar and his brother isn't any better; ho fatto una torta anche io per non essere da meno I made a cake as well, just to keep up9 di meno, in meno se avessi 20 anni di meno! I wish I were 20 years younger! ho preso 30 euro in meno di stipendio my wages are 30 euros short10 a meno di short of11 a meno che unless12 sempre meno less and less13 meno male thank goodness; meno male che it's a good thing that; meno male che è impermeabile! it's just as well it's waterproof! meno male che ci sono andato! it was lucky for me that I went!14 quanto meno, per lo meno at least15 tanto meno non l'ho mai visto, tanto meno gli ho parlato I've never seen him, much less spoken to him; era troppo malata per stare in piedi, tanto meno per camminare she was too ill to stand let alone walk16 più o meno more or less, about, roughly, round about; più o meno alto come te about your height; è successo più o meno qui it happened round about here; "ti è piaciuto il film?" - "più o meno" "did you enjoy the film?" - "sort of"; più o meno nello stesso modo in much the same way; la canzone fa più o meno così the song goes something like this1 (in un comparativo di minoranza) less, fewer; ho meno libri di te I have fewer books than you; ho meno caldo adesso I feel cooler now; ci è voluto meno tempo di quanto pensassimo it took less time than we expected2 (con valore pronominale) less, fewer; non meno di no fewer than; ne ho meno di te I have less than you; ha venduto meno di tutti he sold the fewestIII preposizione1 (in una sottrazione) from, minus; quanto fa 20 meno 8? what is 20 minus 8? 20 meno 5 fa 15 5 from 20 leaves 15, 20 minus 5 is 15, 20 take away 5 is 152 (tranne, eccetto) but, besides, except3 (per indicare l'ora) le sei meno dieci ten to six4 (per indicare una temperatura) meno 10 minus 10IV m.inv.1 (la cosa, quantità minore) least; questo è il meno that's the least of it; fare il meno possibile to do as little as possible2 mat. minus (sign)parlare del più e del meno to talk about this and that, to shoot the breeze AE; in men che non si dica before you could say knife, in the bat o wink of an eye, in (less than) no time; fare a meno di to manage o do without, to dispense with [auto, servizi]; non posso farne a meno I can't help it. -
43 tutto
1. adj wholetutti, tutte pl alltutto il libro the whole booktutti i giorni every daytutti e tre all threenoi tutti all of us2. adv allera tutto solo he was all alonedel tutto quitein tutto altogether, in all3. pron allgente everybody, everyonecose everythinglo ha mangiato tutto he ate it all* * *tutto agg.indef.1 ( con riferimento a numero, quantità, estensione, durata) all; ( intero) (the) whole (of): tutto il mondo, all the (o the whole) world; tutta l'Italia, all (o the whole of) Italy; tutta la mia famiglia, all my (o my whole) family; tutto il giorno, all the day (o the whole day); tutto il mese, l'anno, all the (o the whole) month, year; ha speso tutto il suo denaro, he has spent all his money; abbiamo consumato tutta l'acqua, we have used up all the water; ho letto tutto il libro, I've read all the (o the whole) book; si è mangiato tutta ( quanta) la torta, he has eaten all the (o the whole) cake; tutto il traffico era bloccato, all the traffic was blocked; tutta la casa dev'essere ristrutturata, all the (o the whole) house needs rebuilding; abbiamo fatto tutta la strada di corsa, a piedi, we ran, walked all the way; ha lavorato tutta la vita, he worked all his life; ho passato tutto il tempo con loro, I spent all the time with them; l'ho fatto con tutto il cuore, I did it willingly (o with all my heart); ci ha messo tutta la sua buona volontà, he put all he'd got into it; devi dirmi tutta la verità, you must tell me the whole truth; tutta Parigi ne parla, all Paris is talking about it; tutta la città era in pericolo, the whole city was in danger; ha letto tutto Dante, he has read all (of) Dante's works; ha speso lo stipendio tutto intero, he has spent all his salary // in tutto il mondo, all over the world // per tutta la casa, all over the house; ha viaggiato per tutta l'Europa, he has travelled all over Europe // per tutto il giorno, all day long // per tutta la notte, l'inverno, all through (o throughout) the night, the winter; ha dormito per tutta la durata del film, he slept throughout (o all through) the film // Con uso predicativo: il pane è tutto in tavola, the bread is all on the table; il problema era tutto qui, that was all the problem; la difficoltà sta tutta nel cominciare, all the problem lies in how to start2 pl. all (con costr. pl.); ( ogni) every; ( ciascuno) each (con costr. sing.): tutti gli uomini sono uguali, all men are equal; l'appello è rivolto a tutti i cittadini, the appeal is addressed to all (the) citizens; invitò tutti i suoi amici alla festa, he invited all his friends to the party; malgrado tutti i suoi difetti, la trovo simpatica, I like her despite all her faults; tutte le strade erano bloccate, all the roads were blocked; sono stati venduti tutti ( quanti) i biglietti, all the tickets were sold; da chi hai saputo tutte queste cose?, where did you learn all these things?; ci vediamo tutti i giorni, we see each other every day; tutti i partecipanti riceveranno un premio, all the participants will receive a prize (o everyone taking part will receive a prize); c'erano atleti di tutte le nazionalità, there were athletes of all nationalities (o of every nationality); riceve visite a tutte le ore, he receives visitors at all hours // tutti gli altri, all the others // tutti quanti, everyone // tutti e due i fratelli, both brothers; tutt'e tre, tutt'e quattro le sorelle, all three, all four sisters // noi tutti, we all (o all of us); voi tutti, you all (o all of you); tutti loro, (sogg.) they all (o all of them), (compl.) them all (o all of them) // Anche con uso predicativo: i bambini erano tutti a dormire, the children were all sleeping; le auto erano tutte straniere, the cars were all foreign ones3 ( con valore di completamente) all; quite; completely: è tutto sbagliato, it's all wrong; se ne andò tutto felice, he went off as happy as could be (o he went off quite happily); sei tutto bagnato, you're all wet (o wet through); era tutto commosso, he was very moved.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: a tutta forza, as hard as one can (o at full speed) // a tutta prova, well tried // a tutto spiano, a tutto andare, all out // a tutta velocità, at top (o full) speed // a tutt'oggi, up to the present (o until today o so far) // a tutto il 20 agosto, to 20th August inclusive // in tutta sincerità, in tutta onestà, in all sincerity, in all honesty // in tutta confidenza, quite frankly // di tutto punto, fully (o completely): essere vestito di tutto punto, to be fully dressed // è tutt'altra cosa, it's quite different // sono di tutt'altro parere, I disagree entirely // (mar.) tutta a dritta!, hard over!; avanti tutta!, full steam ahead!tutto pron.indef.1 ( ogni cosa) all; everything: tutto è finito, it's all over; era tutto deciso, it was all decided; va tutto bene?, is everything all right?; gli hai detto tutto?, did you tell him everything?; tutto era facile per lui, everything was easy for him; penserò a tutto io, I'll see to everything; nostro padre era tutto per noi, our father was everything to us; sa tutto, he knows everything; abbiamo speso tutto, we have spent everything; ha mangiato tutto ( quanto), he ate everything; gli ho dato tutto quello che avevo, I gave him all (o everything) I had; abbiamo parlato di tutto, we talked about everything; un po' di tutto, di tutto un po', a bit of everything; grazie di tutto!, thank you for everything! // mi ha detto di tutto!, he really gave it me! // prima di tutto, innanzi tutto, ( per prima cosa) first of all; ( in primo luogo) in the first place; ( soprattutto) above all // dopo tutto, after all // ecco tutto, questo è tutto, that's all // e non è tutto!, and that's not all! // o tutto o niente, all or nothing // tutto sommato, all in all // tutto sta che io arrivi in tempo, it all depends on my arriving in time // sa fare di tutto, he knows how to do everything; mangia di tutto, he eats anything and everything // essere capace di tutto, to be capable of anything // fare di tutto per..., to do everything one can do to...2 pl. all (con costr. pl.); ( ognuno) everybody, everyone; ( ciascuno) each (one) (con costr. sing.): sono arrivati tutti insieme, they all arrived together; lo sanno tutti, everyone knows; non tutti la pensano come te, they don't all share your opinion; va d'accordo con tutti, he gets on well with everyone; qui conosco tutti uno per uno, I know each and every one here; alla cerimonia c'eravamo tutti, we were all at the ceremony; sono partiti tutti, they have all left; è opinione di tutti, it's everyone's opinion; tutti dicono che..., everyone says that...; ci sarà da bere per tutti, there will be drinks for everyone; verrà distribuita a tutti una scheda di partecipazione, a participation form will be distributed to everyone; ''Quanto costano questi impermeabili?'' ''Costano tutti sui 200 euro'', ''How much do these raincoats cost?'' ''They each cost (o each of them costs) about 200 euros // tutti e due ( noi, voi, loro), we, you, they both (o both of us, you, them) // tutti e tre, tutti e quattro, all three, all four: andarono tutti e quattro, all four of them went // zitti tutti!, everyone be quiet! // fermi tutti!, hold it!◆ s.m. ( l'intero) whole; ( totale) total; ( ogni cosa) everything: il tutto costava sul mezzo milione, the whole (thing) came to about half a million lire; mescolate il tutto fino a ottenere una crema densa, mix everything to a thick cream; moltiplicare, dividere il tutto per mille, multiply, divide the total by a thousand; riceverete il tutto entro pochi giorni, you will receive everything in a few days' time // tentare il tutto per tutto, to risk everything on a single throw.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: del tutto, in tutto e per tutto, quite (o completely): le sue conclusioni sono del tutto sbagliate, his conclusions are quite (o completely) wrong; la copia è in tutto e per tutto identica all'originale, the copy is absolutely identical to the original // in tutto, in all: siamo venti in tutto, there are twenty of us in all; quanto fa in tutto?, how much is it all together? (o in all?); sono 150 euro in tutto, it's 150 euros all together (o in all) // tutto intorno, all around // tutt'al più → tuttalpiù // tutt'altro!, on the contrary (o not at all)!: ''Sei stanco?'' ''Tutt'altro!'', ''Are you tired?'' ''Not at all''; tutt'altro che, anything but: è tutt'altro che onesto, he's anything but honest; ha fatto tutt'altro che studiare, he did anything but study // è tutto dire, that's saying a lot // con tutto che..., ( sebbene, malgrado) (al)though.* * *['tutto] tutto (-a)1. agg1) (intero) all (of), the whole (of)tutta l' Europa — the whole of o all Europe
ha studiato tutto il giorno — he studied the whole day o all day long
famoso in tutto il mondo — world-famous, famous the world over
sarò qui tutta la settimana — I'll be here all week o the whole week
2)viaggiare in aereo è tutt' altra cosa — (è meglio) travelling by plane is altogether different
è tutta sua madre — she's just o exactly like her mother
è tutto l' opposto di... — it's the exact opposite of...
3)tutto — he was trembling all over4) (plurale, collettivo) allin tutte le direzioni — in all directions, in every direction
tutti e cinque — all five of us (o them)
con tutti i pensieri che ho — worried as I am, with all my worries
5) (qualsiasi) allin tutti i modi — (a qualsiasi costo) at all costs, (comunque) anyway
6)7)la sua fedeltà è a tutta prova — his loyalty is unshakeable o will stand any test
con tutta la mia buona volontà, non posso aiutarti — however much I may want to, I can't help you
2. pron1) (ogni cosa) everything, all, (qualunque cosa) anythingha fatto (un po') di tutto — he's done (a bit of) everything
essere capace di tutto — to be capable of anything
mangia di tutto — he eats anything
farebbe di tutto per ferirti — he would do anything to hurt you
tutto — tell me everythingquesto è tutto quello che ho — this is all I have
2)tutto compreso — inclusive, all-in Britquesto è tutto — that's all (I have to say)
tutto che — (malgrado) although...che è tutto dire —... and that's saying a lot
tutto — that's all (I have to say)in
tutto — (complessivamente) in allin
tutto sono 180 euro — that's 180 euros in alltutto — first of alle non è tutto — and that's not all
tutto — first of all3.tutti(e) sm/fpl — (tutte le persone) all (of them), (ognuno) everybody
erano tutti presenti — everybody was o they were all present
vengono tutti — they are all coming, everybody's coming
4. avv1) (completamente) entirely, quite, completelyè tutto il contrario — it's quite o exactly the opposite
è tutto il contrario di ciò che credi — it's not what you think at all
fa tutto il contrario di quello che gli dico — he does the exact opposite of what I tell him to do
tutto — completelyè tutto l' opposto — it's quite o exactly the opposite
2)saranno stati tutt' al più una cinquantina — there were about fifty of them at (the very) mosttutt' altro — (al contrario) on the contrary, (affatto) not at all
tutto a un tratto — all of a sudden, suddenly
5. smil tutto — the whole lot, all of itil
tutto costa 550 euro — the whole thing o lot costs 550 eurosvi manderemo il tutto nel corso della settimana — we'll send you the (whole) lot during the course of the week
il
tutto si è risolto in bene — everything turned out for the bestrischiare il tutto per tutto — to risk everything
* * *['tutto] 1.1) all; (intero) wholecon tutto il mio affetto — (nelle lettere) all my love
(per) tutto il giorno, la notte — all day, night long
per -a la sua vita — all o throughout his life, in his whole life
in o per tutto il paese — throughout o all over the country
2) (seguito da pronome dimostrativo)3) (completo)in -a franchezza... — to be perfectly frank...
4) (compreso)a tutt'oggi — up to the present, until today
5) (con uso avverbiale, enfatico)2.tutto solo — all alone o on one's own
1) all; (ogni cosa) everything; (qualsiasi cosa) anything3) del tutto altogether, perfectly, quite3.sostantivo maschile whole4.aggettivo indefinito plurale tutti1) all; (ogni) every; (ciascuno) each; (qualsiasi) anya -i i costi — at all costs, at any cost
5.- i noi o noi -i vogliamo we all o all of us want; di' a -i loro cosa è accaduto — tell them all what happened
pronome indefinito plurale tutti all; (ognuno) everybody, everyone; (ciascuno) each (one)parlavano -i insieme — they were talking all together o all at once
* * *tutto/'tutto/1 all; (intero) whole; tutto il denaro all the money; - a la storia the whole story; con tutto il mio affetto (nelle lettere) all my love; tutto l'anno all year round; (per) tutto il giorno, la notte all day, night long; (per) tutto il tempo all the time; per -a la sua vita all o throughout his life, in his whole life; (per) tutto l'inverno throughout the winter; lungo tutto il fiume all along the river; - a Roma ne parla the whole of Rome is talking about it; in o per tutto il paese throughout o all over the country2 (seguito da pronome dimostrativo) è tutto quello che so that's all I know; tutt'altro che anything but; tutt'altro! not at all!3 (completo) in -a onestà in all honesty; in -a franchezza... to be perfectly frank...; con tutto il rispetto with all due respect; per -a risposta si mise a ridere her only answer was to laugh4 (compreso) a tutt'oggi up to the present, until today5 (con uso avverbiale, enfatico) tutto solo all alone o on one's own; tutto bagnato all wet; tutto sbagliato completely wrong; tutt'intorno all around; ha un appartamento tutto suo he's got a flat of his own; è tutto tuo it's all yours; è -a un'altra faccenda that's another matter altogether; è tutto sua madre he looks just like his motherII pronome1 all; (ogni cosa) everything; (qualsiasi cosa) anything; rischiare tutto to risk all; è tutto a posto? is everything all right? si è inventato tutto he made the whole thing up; tutto sta a indicare che all the indications are that; è tutto that's all; è tutto qui? will that be all? è tutto fuorché intelligente he's anything but intelligent; mangerebbe di tutto he'd eat anything; è capace di tutto he is capable of anything; prima di tutto first of all; 50 in tutto 50 in all; quanto fa in tutto? how much is that altogether? è un gentiluomo in tutto e per tutto he's every inch a gentleman; si assomigliano in tutto e per tutto they are alike in every way; tutto sommato all in all; è tutto dire that says it all2 (in espressioni ellittiche) provarle -e to try everything; mettercela -a to try hard; le pensa -e he knows all the tricks3 del tutto altogether, perfectly, quite; è del tutto naturale it's quite natural; l'operazione non è del tutto riuscita the operation is not entirely successfulIII sostantivo m.whole; vendere il tutto per 50 euro to sell the whole (thing) for 50 euros; rischiare il tutto per tutto to go for brokeIV tutti agg.ind.pl.1 all; (ogni) every; (ciascuno) each; (qualsiasi) any; - i gli uomini nascono uguali all men are born equal; a -e le ore at all hours; - i i pomeriggi every afternoon; in -i i modi in every way; - e le volte che faccio each time I do; a -i i costi at all costs, at any cost2 (con pronomi personali) -i noi o noi -i vogliamo we all o all of us want; di' a -i loro cosa è accaduto tell them all what happenedV tutti pron.ind.pl.all; (ognuno) everybody, everyone; (ciascuno) each (one); grazie a -i thank you all; parlavano -i insieme they were talking all together o all at once; non -i sono venuti not all of them came; - i quanti sbagliamo we all make mistakes; uscirono -i e due they both left; andremo -i e tre all three of us will go; - i gli altri everybody else; ascoltate -i! listen everybody! lo sanno -i everybody knows that; ho ringraziato -i I thanked each of them.\See also notes... (tutto.pdf) -
44 lose
lu:z гл.;
прош. вр. и прич. прош. вр. - lost
1) а) не сохранять, терять( что-л.) ;
утрачивать, лишаться( чего-л.) I lost my driving licence/job/friends ≈ я потерял свои водительские права/работу/друзей to lose conscience ≈ потерять сознание to lose an arm/finger ≈ потерять руку/палец, лишиться руки/пальца the plane lost it's altitude ≈ самолет потерял высоту to lose courage/temper ≈ оробеть, растеряться;
потерять самообладание to lose one's head а) лишиться головы, быть обезглавленным б) перен. потерять голову to lose one's hair а) терять волосы, лысеть;
б) терять самообладание, срываться б) разг. терять, лишаться (кого-л. вследствие смерти) to lose a baby by miscarriage ≈ потерять ребенка вследствие выкидыша he lost all his relatives ≈ он потерял всех своих родственников
2) избавиться, отделываться, освобождаться( от чего-л.) to lose one's fears ≈ освободиться от своих страхов to lose weight ≈ похудеть, сбросить вес to lose one's cold, flu ≈ избавиться от насморка, вылечиться от гриппа he lost the cops after him ≈ ему удалось отделаться от полицейских на хвосте Syn: rid
3) а) возвр. потеряться, затеряться, пропасть( в чем-л. in) I lost myself in this city ≈ я заблудился в этом городе you could easily lose yourself in the book ≈ этой книгой очень легко зачитаться б) страд. исчезнуть, пропасть;
погибнуть( особ. о корабле, его пассажирах и т. п.) to be lost on the rocks ≈ разбиться о скалы the ship got lost in the open sea ≈ корабль исчез в открытом море
4) а) терять, упускать (время), не воспользоваться( возможностью и т. п.) he didn't lose his time in eating ≈ во время еды времени он зря не тратил there is not a moment to lose ≈ каждая минута дорога lose the tide ≈ упустить время прилива Syn: waste
2.
5) а) пропустить (слово и т. п.) ;
недослышать, не разглядеть, недопонять to lose some crucial points ≈ пропустить пару важных моментов he never loses a single thing I say ≈ он всегда верно понимает все, что я говорю б) опоздать, не успеть;
пропустить (поезд, автобус и т. п.) ∙ Syn: miss I
2., skip I
2.
6) проигрывать, уступать to lose a bet/battle/fight/war ≈ проиграть пари/схватку/поединок/войну to lose out ≈ выбыть из соревнования;
не получить приза
7) а) терпеть ущерб;
нести убытки, потери we may lose on/in it ≈ мы можем на этом погореть to lose a million on the deal ≈ потерять на сделке миллион б) стоить, лишать ( чего-л.) it lost him his head ≈ за это он головой поплатился
8) потерять (что-л.) ;
затерять, задевать( что-л. куда-л.) I've lost my jacket somewhere ≈ я куда-то задевал куртку to lose oneself ≈ перен. потеряться, запутаться, сбиться с пути Syn: mislay
9) отставать( о часах) my watch loses three minutes every hour ≈ мои часы отстают на три минуты в час ∙ - get lost to lose sleep over smth. ≈ лишиться сна из-за чего-л.;
огорчаться по поводу чего-л., упорно думать о чем-л. to be lost upon smb. ≈ пропасть даром, не достигнуть цели в отношении кого-л. lose one's heart ≈ влюбиться your kindness is lost upon him ≈ он не понимает, не ценит вашей доброты my hints were not lost upon him ≈ он понял мои намеки терять - to * one's purse потерять кошелек - to * a leg потерять ногу, лишиться ноги - to * one's friends потерять /лишиться/ друзей - the cloth has lost its colour ткань вылиняла /потеряла цвет/ - Charles I lost his head Карла I обезглавили затерять, не находить - to * a key затерять /задевать куда-то/ ключ - to * one's way, to be lost, to * oneself заблудиться - to * stirrup потерять стремя (конный спорт) - the goods were lost in transit товары пропали в пути утратить, потерять, не сохранить - to * one's job потерять работу, лишиться работы - to * one's place быть уволенным;
потерять очередь;
потерять место( в книге) - to * one's head потерять голову, растеряться - to * one's reason /senses/ лишиться рассудка, сойти с ума - to * one's rights лишиться прав, утратить свои права - to * one's hair потерять волосы - to * altitude терять высоту (о самолете) - to * sleep over smth. лишиться сна из-за чего-л. - to * patience (по) терять терпение - to * one's balance потерять равновесие;
лишиться самообладания - to * one's temper рассердиться, раздражиться, потерять самообладание - the little grocery store is losing customers to the new supermarket новый универсам отнимает покупателей у бакалейной лавочки - he lost his voice он потерял /сорвал/ голос - it was so cold that we lost the use of our hands было так холодно, что у нас онемели руки - I lost count of his mistakes я потерял счет его ошибкам - I am beginning to * faith in him я начинаю терять веру в него избавиться, освободиться - to * one's fears избавиться /освободиться/ от своих страхов - she was dieting to * weight она соблюдала диету, чтобы похудеть - I've quite lost my cold я избавился от насморка, у меня прошел насморк - she has lost that terrified look у нее уже нет этого испуганного вида - he lost his pursuers ему удалось удрать от погони недослышать, не разглядеть - to * the end of a sentence не услышать конца фразы - she did not * a word in his lecture ни одно слово в его лекции не прошло мимо нее - what he said was lost in the applause его слова потонули в громе аплодисментов упустить, не воспользоваться - to * an opportunity упустить возможность /случай/ - to * a chance не использовать представившийся шанс - to * one's time даром тратить время, терять время понапрасну - there is not a moment to * /to be lost/ нельзя терять ни минуты;
время не терпит - I shall * no time in doing it я это сделаю как можно раньше /не теряя времени/ пропустить, опоздать (на поезд и т. п.) - to * one's bus опоздать на автобус проигрывать - to * a game проиграть игру - to * a war проиграть войну, потерпеть поражение в войне - to * a lot of money at the races сильно проиграться на скачках - to * on points (спортивное) проиграть по очкам - the motion was lost предложение не прошло - he lost the argument его побили в споре - they lost by 3 points они недобрали трех очков не получить - to * a prize не получить приза /премии/ - to * a contract не получить контракта /заказа/ нести убыток, потери;
терпеть ущерб - to * by /on, in/ smth. потерять на чем-л.;
потерпеть ущерб от чего-л. - you will * nothing by waiting вы ничего не потеряете, если подождете - will the publisher * by publishing this book? будет ли опубликование этой книги убыточным для издательства? - he lost on the deal в этой сделке он остался в проигрыше лишать;
причинять ущерб - such negligence will * you your situation такая халатность будет стоить тебе места - the delay has lost them the battle это опоздание привело их к поражению в битве потерять, лишиться (вследствие смерти) - he lost his wife он потерял жену, у него умерла жена - she lost the baby (by miscarriage) у нее был выкидыш - the army lost heavily армия понесла тяжелые потери преим. pass погибнуть, исчезнуть - the ship and all hands were lost корабль и весь экипаж погибли - both planes were lost in the crash разбились оба самолета отставать (о часах) - my watch *s two minutes a day мои часы отстают на две минуты в сутки - to lose oneself in smth. углубиться, погрузиться во что-л.;
затеряться - to * oneself in musing погрузиться в раздумья;
- the stream lost itself in the swamp ручей терялся в болоте - to be lost in smth. исчезнуть, затеряться в чем-л.;
быть погруженным во что-л., с головой уйти во что-л. - the thief was lost in the crowd вор скрылся /затерялся/ в толпе - all surprise was shortly lost in other feelings удивление вскоре потонуло в других чувствах - to be lost in thought углубиться в размышления - to be lost to smth. не чувствовать, не испытывать чего-л. - to be lost to all sense of shame потерять всякое чувство стыда - to be lost on /upon/ smb. пропасть даром для кого-л., не достигнуть цели - my hints were not lost upon him он понял мои намеки - your kindness is lost upon him он не ценит вашей доброты - his eloquence was lost upon his audience его красноречие не доходило до аудитории, он понапрасну тратил красноречие - their quickness to * heart was not lost on their enemies враги сразу заметили их малодушие /не преминули воспользоваться их малодушием/ > to * sight of упустить из виду, не учесть;
забыть > to * track of smb., smth. потерять всякую связь с кем-л., чем-л.;
ничего не знать о ком-л., чем-л. > to * touch with reality оторваться от жизни > we lost track of time мы утратили всякое представление о времени > to * one's shirt /hair, rag, wig, cool/ выйти из себя, разозлиться;
вспылить > to * ground отступать, отходить;
отстать;
оказаться в невыгодном положении;
терять здоровье или силы > to * heart терять мужество;
приуныть > to * one's heart to smb. влюбиться в кого-л. > to * one's legs хватить лишнего, не держаться на ногах > have you lost your tongue? вы что - язык проглотили? > I am lost without her без нее я как без рук lose: to be ~ to (all) sense of duty (shame) (совершенно) потерять чувство долга (стыда) to ~ ground отступать;
to be lost (upon smb.) пропасть даром, не достигнуть цели (в отношении кого-л.) I've quite lost my cold у меня совсем прошел насморк ~ вызывать потерю, стоить (чего-л.) ;
лишать (чего-л.) ;
it will lose me my place это лишит меня места, это будет стоить мне места lose: to be ~ to (all) sense of duty (shame) (совершенно) потерять чувство долга (стыда) ~ вызывать потерю, стоить (чего-л.) ;
лишать (чего-л.) ;
it will lose me my place это лишит меня места, это будет стоить мне места ~ refl. заблудиться;
to lose oneself (in smth.) глубоко погрузиться (во что-л.) ;
углубиться (во что-л.) ~ забывать;
to lose sleep (over smth.) лишиться сна (из-за чего-л.) ;
огорчаться (по поводу чего-л.), упорно думать (о чем-л.) ~ недослышать;
не разглядеть;
to lose the end of a sentence не услышать конца фразы ~ нести убыток ~ отставать (о часах) ~ pass. погибнуть;
исчезнуть, пропасть;
не существовать больше;
the ship was lost on the rocks корабль разбился о скалы ~ проигрывать;
to lose a bet проиграть пари ~ проигрывать ~ пропустить;
опоздать;
to lose one's train опоздать на поезд ~ пропустить, опоздать ~ терпеть ущерб ~ (lost) терять, лишаться;
утрачивать (свойство, качество) ;
to lose courage растеряться, оробеть ~ терять, лишаться, утрачивать ~ терять ~ упустить, не воспользоваться;
there is not a moment to lose нельзя терять ни минуты;
to lose no time in doing (smth.) действовать немедленно ~ упустить, не воспользоваться ~ проигрывать;
to lose a bet проиграть пари ~ by court order лишать по судебному приговору to ~ ground отставать to ~ ground отступать;
to be lost (upon smb.) пропасть даром, не достигнуть цели (в отношении кого-л.) ~ упустить, не воспользоваться;
there is not a moment to lose нельзя терять ни минуты;
to lose no time in doing (smth.) действовать немедленно to ~ one's head сложить голову на плахе;
перен. потерять голову to ~ one's temper рассердиться, потерять самообладание temper: to lose one's ~ выйти из себя;
to recover( или to regain) one's temper успокоиться, овладеть собой ~ пропустить;
опоздать;
to lose one's train опоздать на поезд ~ refl. заблудиться;
to lose oneself (in smth.) глубоко погрузиться (во что-л.) ;
углубиться (во что-л.) ~ out не иметь успеха ~ out терпеть неудачу ~ забывать;
to lose sleep (over smth.) лишиться сна (из-за чего-л.) ;
огорчаться (по поводу чего-л.), упорно думать (о чем-л.) ~ недослышать;
не разглядеть;
to lose the end of a sentence не услышать конца фразы to ~ (all) track (of) потерять след, ориентацию my hints were not lost upon him он понял мои намеки ~ pass. погибнуть;
исчезнуть, пропасть;
не существовать больше;
the ship was lost on the rocks корабль разбился о скалы ~ упустить, не воспользоваться;
there is not a moment to lose нельзя терять ни минуты;
to lose no time in doing (smth.) действовать немедленно your kindness is lost upon him он не понимает, не ценит вашей доброты -
45 ayudar
v.to help.ayudar a alguien a hacer algo to help somebody (to) do something¿en qué puedo ayudarle? how can I help you?¿puedo ayudar? can I help?Ella asiste a todo el mundo She helps everybody.* * *1 to help, aid, assist■ ¿en qué podemos ayudarte? how can we help you?1 (apoyarse) to make use (de/con, of)* * *verbto help, aid, assist* * *1.VT (=asistir) to help, assist, aid¿me puedes ayudar con la limpieza esta tarde? — can you help me out with the cleaning this afternoon?
me ayuda muchísimo — he's a great help to me, he helps me a lot
2.See:AYUDAR Ayudar se puede traducir por help, assist y aid. ► La manera más frecuente de traducir ayudar es por help. Si help va seguido de un verbo, este puede ir en infinitivo {con} {o} {sin} to: ¿Puedes ayudarnos? Can you help (us)? Siempre le ayuda con la tarea He always helps her with her homework ¿Me puedes ayudar a preparar la cena? Can you help me (to) get dinner ready? ► Ayudar se traduce por assist en un registro bastante más formal y se construye frecuentemente en la estructura to assist somebody with something: La comadrona ayudó al médico con el parto The midwife assisted the doctor with the delivery ► Ayudar se traduce por aid en inglés formal en el contexto de asesorar o prestar ayuda a un grupo de personas necesitadas: ... los intentos de Estados Unidos de ayudar a los refugiados kurdos...... attempts by the United States to aid Kurdish refugees... Para otros usos y ejemplos ver la entrada* * *1.verbo transitivo to help¿te ayudo? — do you need any help?
2.ayudar a alguien a + inf — to help somebody (to) + inf
ayudar vi to help¿puedo ayudar en algo? — can o shall I give you a hand?, can I do anything to help?
3.ayudar a or en misa — to serve at mass
ayudarse v pron to help oneselfayudarse de or con algo: camina ayudándose de or con un bastón — he walks with the aid o help of a stick
* * *= aid, do + good, encourage, enlighten, help, provide + assistance, provide + guidance, tide over, assist, jump-start [jump start], lend + a (helping) hand, pull + Posesivo + (own) weight, give + Nombre + a hand, pull together, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in, chip in, succour [succor, -USA].Ex. Although others aided in the compilation of the schedules they were essentially the work of one man.Ex. You do not do the users a lot of good when you send them jumping all over the catalog simply to draw together material.Ex. A common catalogue encourages users to regard the different information carrying media as part of range of media.Ex. Librarians often work with students who possess few library skills and teachers whose assignments neither improve these skills nor enlighten the students on their research.Ex. How can we help library users to gain confidence?.Ex. Its purpose is to provide advice and on-site salvage assistance to those organisations having documentary resources that are damaged in a natural or man-made disaster.Ex. There are standards which provide guidance on the construction of thesauri.Ex. Reading aloud, in these circumstances, might be the only contact the adolescent gets with literature, tiding him over to the time when he is prepared to read for himself again.Ex. Any project which assists the use of coal and steel would be eligible.Ex. Jump-start your learning experience by participating in 1 or 2 half-day seminars that will help you come up to speed on the new vocabularies, processes and architectures underlying effective content management.Ex. In a small shop the master would lend a hand with the work, certainly as a corrector and often as a compositor as well.Ex. Sometimes one person is left with all the work because their partner doesn't pull their weight.Ex. These centres help women rebuild lives by giving them a hand up, not a handout.Ex. She tells a story of courage in which the crew and the mission control pull together to work the problem through.Ex. They've all been putting their shoulder to the wheel and it's paid off.Ex. The Bolsheviks have manfully set their shoulders to the wheel undaunted by this staggering catastrophe.Ex. All our neighbours, relatives, friends, we all mucked in and helped each other -- they were mostly all women because all the men had gone to war.Ex. It's up to everyone to pitch in and help those who find themselves lacking the most basic of necessities -- food.Ex. We're asking you to 'chip in' by investing your time and talents in your parks and your community.Ex. There are tens of thousands of hungry children in the world today and well-meant efforts are being made to succour them.----* a quien madruga, Dios le ayuda = the early bird catches the worm.* ayudar a = play + an instrumental role in.* ayudar a Alguien a recuperarse = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.* ayudar a Alguien a salir adelante = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.* ayudar a comprender mejor = offer + insights, improve + understanding, give + an insight into, glean + insights, provide + insight into, lend + understanding to.* ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.* ayudar a eliminar obstáculos = clear + the path, clear + the way.* ayudar a entender mejor = lend + understanding to.* ayudar a + Infinitivo = go some (of the) way to(wards) + Gerundio.* ayudar a la causa de = help + in the cause of.* ayudar a + Nombre/Infinitivo = assist in + Nombre/Gerundio.* ayudar a pasar por = get + Nombre + through.* ayudar a superar = get + Nombre + through.* ayudar bastante a = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.* ayudar e instigar = aid and abet.* dispuesto a ayudar = willing, willing to help.* estar siempre dispuesto a ayudar = be always willing to assist.* que no ayuda a distinguir = nondistinctive.* utensilio para ayudar a caminar = walking aid.* * *1.verbo transitivo to help¿te ayudo? — do you need any help?
2.ayudar a alguien a + inf — to help somebody (to) + inf
ayudar vi to help¿puedo ayudar en algo? — can o shall I give you a hand?, can I do anything to help?
3.ayudar a or en misa — to serve at mass
ayudarse v pron to help oneselfayudarse de or con algo: camina ayudándose de or con un bastón — he walks with the aid o help of a stick
* * *= aid, do + good, encourage, enlighten, help, provide + assistance, provide + guidance, tide over, assist, jump-start [jump start], lend + a (helping) hand, pull + Posesivo + (own) weight, give + Nombre + a hand, pull together, put + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, set + Posesivo + shoulder to the wheel, muck in, pitch in, chip in, succour [succor, -USA].Ex: Although others aided in the compilation of the schedules they were essentially the work of one man.
Ex: You do not do the users a lot of good when you send them jumping all over the catalog simply to draw together material.Ex: A common catalogue encourages users to regard the different information carrying media as part of range of media.Ex: Librarians often work with students who possess few library skills and teachers whose assignments neither improve these skills nor enlighten the students on their research.Ex: How can we help library users to gain confidence?.Ex: Its purpose is to provide advice and on-site salvage assistance to those organisations having documentary resources that are damaged in a natural or man-made disaster.Ex: There are standards which provide guidance on the construction of thesauri.Ex: Reading aloud, in these circumstances, might be the only contact the adolescent gets with literature, tiding him over to the time when he is prepared to read for himself again.Ex: Any project which assists the use of coal and steel would be eligible.Ex: Jump-start your learning experience by participating in 1 or 2 half-day seminars that will help you come up to speed on the new vocabularies, processes and architectures underlying effective content management.Ex: In a small shop the master would lend a hand with the work, certainly as a corrector and often as a compositor as well.Ex: Sometimes one person is left with all the work because their partner doesn't pull their weight.Ex: These centres help women rebuild lives by giving them a hand up, not a handout.Ex: She tells a story of courage in which the crew and the mission control pull together to work the problem through.Ex: They've all been putting their shoulder to the wheel and it's paid off.Ex: The Bolsheviks have manfully set their shoulders to the wheel undaunted by this staggering catastrophe.Ex: All our neighbours, relatives, friends, we all mucked in and helped each other -- they were mostly all women because all the men had gone to war.Ex: It's up to everyone to pitch in and help those who find themselves lacking the most basic of necessities -- food.Ex: We're asking you to 'chip in' by investing your time and talents in your parks and your community.Ex: There are tens of thousands of hungry children in the world today and well-meant efforts are being made to succour them
.* a quien madruga, Dios le ayuda = the early bird catches the worm.* ayudar a = play + an instrumental role in.* ayudar a Alguien a recuperarse = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.* ayudar a Alguien a salir adelante = help + Nombre + get on + Posesivo + feet.* ayudar a comprender mejor = offer + insights, improve + understanding, give + an insight into, glean + insights, provide + insight into, lend + understanding to.* ayudar a conocer mejor = advance + understanding.* ayudar a eliminar obstáculos = clear + the path, clear + the way.* ayudar a entender mejor = lend + understanding to.* ayudar a + Infinitivo = go some (of the) way to(wards) + Gerundio.* ayudar a la causa de = help + in the cause of.* ayudar a + Nombre/Infinitivo = assist in + Nombre/Gerundio.* ayudar a pasar por = get + Nombre + through.* ayudar a superar = get + Nombre + through.* ayudar bastante a = go + a long way (towards/to/in) + Gerundio.* ayudar e instigar = aid and abet.* dispuesto a ayudar = willing, willing to help.* estar siempre dispuesto a ayudar = be always willing to assist.* que no ayuda a distinguir = nondistinctive.* utensilio para ayudar a caminar = walking aid.* * *ayudar [A1 ]vtto helpayudar al prójimo to help one's neighbor¿te ayudo? do you need any help?, can o shall I help you?, can o shall I give you a hand? ( colloq)vino a ayudarme unos días she came to help me out for a few daysayudar a algn CON algo to help sb WITH sthayuda a tu hermano con los deberes help your brother with his homeworkmis padres me ayudaron con los gastos de la fiesta my parents helped me (out) with the cost of the partyayudar a algn A + INF to help sb (to) + INFayúdame a poner la mesa help me (to) set the tablelo ayudé a arreglar la moto I helped him (to) fix his motorbike■ ayudarvito help¿puedo ayudar en algo? can o shall I give you a hand?, can I do anything to help?, can I help you with anything?ayudar a or en misa to serve at mass■ ayudarseto help oneselftú mismo tienes que ayudarte you've got to do something to help yourselfpara ayudarse empezó a dar clases de inglés he started giving English classes to earn a bit more moneyayudarse DE or CON algo:camina ayudándose de or con un bastón he walks with the aid o help of a stick, he walks with a stick* * *
ayudar ( conjugate ayudar) verbo transitivo
to help;
¿te ayudo? do you need any help?;
vino a ayudarme she came to help me out;
ayúdame a poner la mesa help me (to) set the table
verbo intransitivo
to help;
¿puedo ayudar en algo? can I do anything to help?
ayudar verbo transitivo to help: ¿puedes ayudarme a mover la mesa?, can you help me to move the table? ➣ Ver nota en help
' ayudar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
hacer
- imposible
- volcarse
- asistir
- condición
- dedicar
- favorecer
- mano
- mucho
- poco
- pretender
- solícito
English:
aid
- appreciate
- assist
- back
- desire
- finger
- fund
- help
- help out
- minister
- offer
- ostensible
- pitch in
- propensity
- see
- short
- talk down
- tide over
- unable
- useful
- wave aside
- anything
- do
- not
- patch
- precious
- rally
- rely
- sorry
- unhelpful
- way
- well
* * *♦ vtto help;ayudar a alguien a hacer algo to help sb (to) do sth;me ayudaron a subir el piano they helped me carry the piano up;una profesora particular le ayuda en los estudios a private tutor is helping him with his studies;necesito que me ayuden con este problema I need your help with this problem;¿en qué puedo ayudarle? how can I help you?♦ vito help;¿puedo ayudar? can I help?* * *v/t help;¿le ayudo? can I help?, would you like some help?;le ayudó a ponerse el abrigo he helped her put on her coat* * *ayudar vt: to help, to assist* * *ayudar vb to help -
46 quedarse
1 (permanecer) to remain, stay, be2 (resultado de algo) to be, remain3 eufemístico (morirse) to die4 (mar, viento) to become calm; (viento) to drop5 quedarse con (retener algo) to keep* * *1) to stay2) linger* * *VERBO PRONOMINAL1) (=permanecer, estar)a) [gen] to stayve tú, yo me quedo — you go, I'll stay
mis compañeros salieron de trabajar a las cinco, pero yo me quedé hasta las ocho — my colleagues all left work at five, but I stayed behind until eight
sus preguntas se quedaron sin respuesta — his questions remained o were left unanswered
•
quedarse atrás — (=atrasarse) to fall behind, be left behind; (=en posición retrasada) to stay behindgeneralmente se queda atrás hasta la última vuelta — (Dep) he usually stays behind until the last lap
b) + gerundiome quedé estudiando hasta que cerraron la biblioteca — I carried on o stayed working in the library until it closed
id vosotros, yo me quedo un rato más viendo el museo — you go, I want to stay and look round the museum a bit more
See:quedar 1., 2)2) [indicando resultado]a) [con adjetivos, locuciones preposicionales]se ha quedado viudo — he has been widowed, he has lost his wife
•
se me ha quedado pequeña esta camisa — I've outgrown this shirtb)• quedarse sin, nos hemos quedado sin café — we've run out of coffee
See:quedar 1., 3)3) (=conservar) [gen] to keep; (=comprar) to takeentre A y B, me quedo con B — given a choice between A and B, I'd go for o take B
4) (=retener en la memoria)está muy mayor, no se le quedan las cosas — he's really old now, he can't remember things
lo siento, no me quedé con su nombre — sorry, I can't quite remember your name
5) Esp•
quedarse con algn — * (=engañar) to con sb *; (=tomar el pelo a) to take the mickey out of sb *, pull sb's leg *¿te estás quedando conmigo? — are you trying to kid me? *
6) (=calmarse) [viento] to drop; [mar] to calm down* * *(v.) = stay, stay behind, boardEx. What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.Ex. While there were certainly people who stayed behind by choice, most stayed behind because they had no choice.Ex. When she first arrived she was boarding with friends until she found a place to rent.* * *(v.) = stay, stay behind, boardEx: What is possibly less easy is to making sure that the guiding stays clean, neat and accurate.
Ex: While there were certainly people who stayed behind by choice, most stayed behind because they had no choice.Ex: When she first arrived she was boarding with friends until she found a place to rent.* * *
■quedarse verbo reflexivo
1 (en un estado) to remain: me quedé sorprendida, I was astonished
2 (en un lugar) to stay: se quedó en casa, she stayed (at) home
se quedó en el hotel, she stayed at the hotel
3 (sin algo) to run out of sthg
quedarse sin trabajo, to lose one's job
4 (con algo) to keep, take: me quedé con su abrigo, I kept his coat
se quedó con el tercer premio, she took the third prize
5 (en la memoria) to remember: no me quedé con su número de teléfono, I can't remember his telephone number
6 familiar (con alguien) to have sb on
' quedarse' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ancha
- ancho
- apolillada
- apolillado
- atascarse
- atrás
- atrasarse
- carta
- colgada
- colgado
- corta
- corto
- cuadro
- desentenderse
- embarazada
- ensordecer
- frita
- frito
- fuelle
- miel
- pajarito
- petrificar
- piedra
- plantarse
- santa
- santo
- sitio
- sopa
- tierra
- tiesa
- tieso
- tintero
- toro
- traspuesta
- traspuesto
- vela
- afónico
- boca
- boquiabierto
- calvo
- castigar
- chaparro
- definitivamente
- desconcertado
- dormido
- estado
- guardar
- helado
- hogar
- llevar
English:
aback
- asleep
- astonish
- background
- blind
- conclude
- conk out
- cut
- deaf
- disturbed
- doze off
- drop behind
- drop off
- fall
- fall behind
- freeze
- get behind
- go
- high
- hoarse
- home
- hover
- lag behind
- limb
- look on
- nod off
- oversleep
- remain
- remain behind
- retain
- run out
- shelf
- sit
- sit about
- sit around
- stand
- stay
- stay behind
- stay in
- stay on
- stay out
- stick around
- understatement
- voice
- wayside
- well
- anywhere
- bald
- break
- doze
* * *vpr1. [permanecer] to stay, to remain;todos le pidieron que se quedara everyone asked her to stay;va a tener que quedarse en el hospital he is going to have to stay o remain in hospital;¿por qué no te quedas un rato más? why don't you stay on a bit longer?;hoy me quedaré en casa I'm going to stay at home o stay in today;me quedé estudiando hasta tarde I stayed up late studying;me quedé en la cama hasta tarde I slept in;se quedó de pie mirándome she stood there watching me2. [terminar en un estado]quedarse ciego/sordo to go blind/deaf;quedarse viudo to be widowed;quedarse soltero to remain single o a bachelor;quedarse sin dinero to be left penniless;me quedé dormido I fell asleep;se quedó un poco triste she was o felt rather sad;Espse ha quedado/se está quedando muy delgada she's become/she's getting very thin;al verla se quedó pálido he turned pale when he saw her;Espla pared se ha quedado limpia the wall is clean now;quedarse atrás to fall behind3. [comprar, elegir] to take;me quedo éste I'll take this one4.quedarse con [retener, guardarse] to keep;alguien se ha quedado con mi paraguas someone has taken my umbrella;no me quedé con su nombre I can't seem to remember his name5.quedarse con [preferir] to go for, to prefer;de todos los pescados me quedo con el salmón I prefer salmon to any other sort of fish, when it comes to fish, I'd go for salmon every timeAm [máquina] to pack up;anduvo bien los primeros kilómetros y de pronto se quedó it was fine for the first few miles, then all of a sudden it packed upte estás quedando conmigo you're having me on!* * *v/r1 stay:quedarse ciego go blind;quedarse sin dinero run out of money;quedarse contento be happy;quedarse atrás be left behind3 ( apropiarse):quedarse con algo keep sth4:me quedé sin comer I ended up not eating* * *vr1) : to stayse quedó en casa: she stayed at home2) : to keep onse quedó esperando: he kept on waiting3)quedarse atrás : to stay behindno quedarse atrás: to be no slouch4)quedarse con : to remainme quedé con hambre después de comer: I was still hungry after I ate* * *quedarse vb1. (permanecer en un sitio) to stay -
47 tanto
1. adj so muchtanti pl so manytanti saluti best wishestante grazie thank you so much, many thanks2. pron muchtanti pl many3. adv ( così) socon verbi so muchdi tanto in tanto from time to timetanto quanto as much astanto per cambiare for a change* * *tanto agg.indef.1 ( così grande, tale) so much; such; pl. so many: a che serve tanta carta?, what's the use of so much paper?; te l'ho detto tante volte!, I've told you so many times!; ha tanto lavoro da non avere mai un momento di riposo, he has so much work that he never gets a minute's peace; c'era ( così) tanta gente che non si poteva entrare, there were so many people that you couldn't get in; hanno tanto denaro da potersi concedere ogni lusso, they have so much money that they can afford any luxury they want; ho tanti libri che non so dove metterli, I have so many books that I don't know where to put them; non so come tu possa leggere in mezzo a tanto rumore, I don't know how you can read with so much noise; si commosse di fronte a tanta manifestazione d'affetto, he was touched by such a show of affection // ha ancora tanta strada da fare!, he still has a long way to go! // è passato tanto tempo!, it was so long ago! // tanto ospite va trattato con i guanti, such a guest must be treated with kid gloves2 ( molto) much; pl. many (gener. in frasi negative o interrogative); a lot of, lots of, a great (o a good) deal of, a great (o a large) quantity of, plenty of: non abbiamo tanto tempo da perdere, we haven't got much time to spare; con lui ci vuole tanta pazienza, you need a lot of (o a good deal of) patience with him (o you must be very patient with him); trenta sigarette al giorno sono tante, thirty cigarettes a day are a lot; ha tanti meriti, he has plenty of good points // c'è ancora tanta strada?, is it still a long way? // tante grazie!, many thanks (o thanks a lot)! // tanti saluti, my best regards ∙ Per ulteriori esempi → molto agg.indef.3 ( in espressioni ellittiche): è tanto che non lo vedo, I haven't seen him for a long time; c'è tanto di qui alla stazione?, is it far from here to the station?; ho speso tanto, I spent a lot; ne guadagna tanti, he earns so much money; non ci vuole tanto a capirlo, it doesn't take much to understand it; giungere a tanto, to go so far; non lo credevo da tanto, I didn't think he was so clever // gliene ha dette tante ( ma tante)!, he gave him a right (o such a) dressing-down!4 (in frasi comparative e nei compar. di uguaglianza, spesso in corr. con quanto) as much; pl. as many; ( in frasi negative) as (o so) much; pl. as (o so) many: ho tanto denaro quanto lui, I have as much money as he has; non ho tanto lavoro quanto ne hai tu, I haven't got so (o as) much work to do as you; a noi spettano tanti giorni di ferie quanti ( ne spettano) a loro, we get as many days off as they do; non ci sono tanti turisti quanti ( ce n'erano) lo scorso anno, there aren't as (o so) many tourists as there were last year; occorrono tanti moduli quanti sono i candidati, as many forms are needed as the number of candidates // quanti più sono i concorrenti tante meno saranno le probabilità di vincere, the more the competitors the less chance there'll be of winning5 ( con valore di altrettanto): si comportano come tanti scolaretti, they behave like so many schoolchildren; tante parole tanti errori, there are as many mistakes as (there are) words; tanti soldi guadagna, tanti ne spende, he spends as much as he earns6 ogni tanti, ogni tante, every so many: ogni tante settimane, every so many weeks; ogni tanti chilometri occorre cambiare l'olio al motore, the engine needs an oil change every so many kilometres.tanto avv.1 ( così, talmente) (con agg. e avv.) so: è tanto gentile!, he's so kind!; stavamo tanto bene!, we were so well off!; andava tanto forte!, he was driving so fast!; è tanto pallido che sembra malato, he's so pale that he looks ill; non è tanto sciocco da non capirlo!, he isn't so stupid as not to understand it!2 ( con verbi) such a lot; so (much): perché ti preoccupi tanto?, why do you worry so much?; ha fatto tanto per lui!, he's done so much (o such a lot) for him!; ha tanto sofferto!, he's suffered so much!; ci siamo dati tanto da fare per niente, we went to (such) a lot of trouble for nothing; non pensavo che si sarebbe offeso tanto, I didn't think he would be so offended; lavora tanto da non potersi permettere un giorno di riposo, he has so much work (to do) that he can't afford to have a day off // alto tanto, lungo tanto, ( accompagnato col gesto) as high as this, as long as this3 (in frasi comparative, in corr. con quanto) (con agg. e avv.) as; ( in frasi negative) so (o as); ( con verbi) as much; ( in frasi negative) so (o as) much: è tanto gentile quanto sua sorella, he is as kind as his sister; non è tanto famoso quanto suo padre, he isn't so (o as) famous as his father; non è tanto onesto quanto sembra, he isn't as honest as he looks; studia tanto volentieri l'inglese quanto la matematica, he enjoys studying English as much as (he does) maths; la mia macchina non va tanto forte quanto la tua, my car isn't as fast as yours; lavora tanto quanto i suoi collaboratori, he works as hard as his assistants; non studia (tanto) quanto dovrebbe, he doesn't study as hard as he should; l'ho fatto non tanto per lui quanto per suo padre, I didn't do it so much for him as for his father // quanto più... tanto più, tanto meno → più avv. nel sign. 3 // tanto... quanto, tanto... che, tanto... come, (sia... sia) both... and: tanto io quanto mio fratello, both my brother and I; vorrei vendere tanto questa casa come quella di campagna, I would like to sell both this house and the one in the country; tanto lui che suo padre lavorano nella stessa ditta, both he and his father work for the same firm4 ( molto) (con agg. e avv.) so; ( con verbi) so (very) much: gli era tanto affezionata, she was so fond of him; mi ha risposto tanto gentilmente, he answered me so kindly; l'ho cercato tanto, I searched so hard for it; sono tanto stanco, I'm so (very) tired // scusami tanto, so sorry // vorrei tanto venire anch'io, I wish I could come too (o I'd love to come too) ∙ In questo significato cfr. anche molto avv.5 ( con valore temporale) (for) a long time; (for) long; so long: ti ho aspettato tanto, I waited for you (for) a long time; non starò via tanto, I won't be away (so) long; starai fuori tanto?, will you be out long? // ci fermeremo un paio di giorni, a dir tanto, we'll stay a couple of days at the most // ogni tanto, di tanto in tanto, every now and then (o from time to time): viene a trovarci di tanto in tanto, he comes to see us every now and then (o from time to time o occasionally) // una volta ogni tanto, once in a while (o once in a blue moon)7 ( soltanto) just: tanto per cambiare, just for a change; l'ho fatto tanto per accontentarlo, I did it just to please him // ( per) una volta tanto, just once in a while8 ( comunque) in any case: non prendertela, tanto le cose non cambiano, don't get upset, it won't change anything in any case.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: tanto meglio, tanto peggio, so much the better, the worse // tanto meno, even less (o least of all): nessuno dovrebbe lamentarsi, tanto meno lui, no one has any cause to complain, least of all him; se tu non vai, tanto meno andrò io, if you don't go, neither will I // tanto più che..., all the more that... // tant'è, tanto vale, varrebbe che..., one might as well...: lo devi fare, tanto vale che tu lo faccia subito, you have to do it, so you might as well do it at once; tanto varrebbe che andassi, I might as well go; tanto valeva che andassi, I might just as well have gone // né tanto né quanto, ( affatto) at all: non m'interessa né tanto né quanto, I'm not at all interested // se fa tanto di negare..., if he so much as dares to deny it...; se faccio tanto di voltare lo sguardo..., if I so much as look the other way... // tanto che → finché.tanto pron.indef.1 (molto, parecchio) → molto2 (in frasi comparative, in corr. con quanto) as much; pl. as many; ( in frasi negative) as (o so) much; as (o so) many: comprane tanto quanto basta, buy as much as is necessary; prendine pure tanti quanti te ne occorrono, take as many as you need; ho tanti libri ma non tanti quanti ne hai tu, I have a lot of books, but not as (o so) many as you have3 ( con riferimento a una quantità indeterminata) so much: spendiamo in tutto 500 euro al mese, tanto per l'affitto, tanto per il riscaldamento, we spend 500 euros a month in all, so much on rent and so much on heating; ti dò 600 euro, tanti per..., tanti per..., I'll give you 600 euros, so much for... and so much for... // l'ho pagato settanta euro e tanti, I paid seventy euros odd for it // nell'anno 1400 e tanti, in 1400 or thereabouts // se tanto mi dà tanto, (fig.) this is the result◆ pron.dimostr. ( ciò) that: questo è ciò che avevo da dirti, e tanto basta, this is what I had to tell you, and that's that // tanto di guadagnato, ( meglio così) so much the better◆ s.m.invar.1 ( quantitativo) so much: ne vorrei tanto così, ( accompagnato col gesto) I would like so much; è più alto di tanto così, he's so much taller; la gonna andrebbe accorciata di tanto ( così), the skirt needs shortening so much // con tanto di pelliccia di visone, complete with mink coat; con tanto di naso, absolutely flabbergasted; guardare (qlco.) con tanto d'occhi, to look wide-eyed (at sthg.)2 un tanto, so much: un tanto al mese, so much a month; costa un tanto al chilo, it costs so much per kilo; un tanto per cento sulle vendite, so much per cent on the proceeds of sales; un tanto al pezzo, so much an item; mi hanno promesso un tanto per il mio lavoro, I was promised a certain sum of money for my work // guadagna quel tanto che basta per vivere, he earns just enough to make ends meet.* * *['tanto] tanto (-a)1. agg indef1) (molto: quantità) a lot of, much, (numero) a lot of, many, (così tanto: quantità) so much, such a lot of, (numero) so many, such a lot ofogni tanti chilometri/giorni — every so many kilometres/days
c'è ancora tanta strada da fare! — there's still a long way to go!
2) (rafforzativo) suchl'ha detto con tanta gentilezza — he said it with such kindness o so kindly
ho aspettato per tanto tempo — I waited so long o for such a long time
3)tanto... quanto... — (quantità) as much... as..., (numero) as many... as...
ho tanta pazienza quanta ne hai tu — I am as patient as you are, I have as much patience as you (have)
ha tanti amici quanti nemici — he has as many friends as he has enemies
ho tanti libri quanti ne ha lui — I have as many books as him o as he has
2. pron indef1) (molto) much, a lot, (così tanto) so much, such a lotè una ragazza come tante — she's like any other girl
credevo ce ne fosse tanto — I thought there was (such) a lot, I thought there was plenty
se cerchi un bicchiere, lassù ce ne sono tanti — if you are looking for a glass there are a lot o lots up there
2)tempo? ne ho tanto quanto basta — time? I have as much as I need
3)riceve un tanto al mese — he receives so much a monthcosta un tanto al metro — it costs so much per o a metre
della somma che ho a disposizione tanto andrà per il vitto, tanto per l'alloggio — of the money I've got so much will go on food and so much on accommodation
4)me ne ha dette tante! — he gave me a real mouthful!di
tanto in tanto — every so often, (every) now and againtanto di guadagnato! — so much the better!
tanto — every so often, (every) now and then3. avv1) (così, in questo modo: con verbo) so much, such a lot, (con avverbio, aggettivo) so, (così a lungo) so longtanto... che... — so... (that)...
è tanto bello che sembra finto — it's so beautiful (that) it seems unreal
tanto... da... — so... as...
saresti tanto gentile da prendermi una tazza? — would you be so kind as to get me a cup?
è stato tanto idiota da crederci — he was stupid enough to believe it
2)tanto... quanto... — as... as...è tanto gentile quanto discreto — he is as kind as he is discreet
non è poi tanto difficile quanto sembra — it is not as difficult as it seems after all
mi piace non tanto per l'aspetto quanto per il suo carattere — I like her not so much for her looks as for her personality
conosco tanto Carlo quanto suo padre — I know both Carlo and his father
3) (molto) veryl'ho visto tanto giù — he seemed o looked very down to me
tanto — I'm very sorry, do excuse me4) (a lungo) (for) long5) (solamente) just6)due volte tanto — twice as much7)4. conglo farò, tanto non mi costa niente — I'll do it, after all it won't cost me anything
fanne a meno, tanto a me non importa — do without then, I don't care
* * *['tanto] 1.aggettivo indefinito1) (un gran numero di) many, a lot of- e volte — many times
avere -i soldi — to have lots o plenty of o a great deal of money
- i saluti — best regards
3) (molto, intenso)con -a cura, pazienza — with much o great care, patience
ho -a fame, paura — I'm very hungry, scared
c'era (così) tanto traffico che sono arrivato in ritardo — there was so much traffic (that) I arrived late
6) (tot)2.-e teste, -e opinioni — there are as many opinions as there are people
1) (grande quantità, molto) much, a lotmi ha insegnato tanto! — he taught me so much o so many things!
10.000 euro sono -i — 10,000 euros is a lot of money
8) tanto quanto9) tanto... quanto10) a dir tanto at the outmost3.prenderà la sufficienza, a dir tanto — he'll get a pass, if he's lucky
lavorare, parlare tanto — to work, talk much o a lot
tanto amato, chiacchierato — much-loved, much-talked about
tanto atteso — long awaited, longed-for
5)ogni tanto di tanto in tanto from time to time, every now and again; vedere qcn. di tanto in tanto — to see sb. occasionally o on and off
6) (altrettanto) as muchdue, tre volte tanto — twice, three times as much
7) tanto... quanto (in proposizione comparativa)ho pagato tanto quanto lei — I paid as much as she did; (sia... sia)
8) tanto... che, tanto... da9) quanto più... tanto piùquanto più si invecchia, tanto più si diventa saggi — the older you grow, the wiser you get
10) tanto più... tanto menotanto più lo conosco, tanto meno lo capisco — the more I know him, the less I understand him
11) tanto menonon l'ho mai visto, né tanto meno gli ho parlato — I've never seen him, much less spoken to him
nessuno può andarsene, tanto meno lui — nobody can leave, least of all him
12) tanto pertanto per cominciare — to begin with, for a start
tanto per parlare o per dire just to say something; tanto per sapere, l'hai fatto veramente? — just for the record, did you really do it?
13) tanto vale just as welltanto valeva che glielo chiedessi — it would be just as well as you asked him o you might as well had asked him
4.tanto vale dire che... — you might just as well say that
sostantivo maschile invariabile1) (tot)5.essere pagato un tanto a pagina, al mese — to be paid so much a page, a month
prendilo pure, tanto non mi serve — take it, I don't need it
è inutile, tanto non sta a sentire! — it's no use, he won't listen!
••quel tanto che basta per... — enough to...
se tanto mi dà tanto... — if this is the result..., if that's what I get...
tanto più che... — all the more so because
tanto ha detto e tanto ha fatto che... — he insisted o pestered so much that...
••una volta tanto — just for once o once and for all
Note:Tanto può essere principalmente usato come aggettivo, pronome o avverbio. - Come aggettivo e come pronome, si traduce con much davanti o al posto di nomi non numerabili ( tanto vino = much wine; tanto denaro = much money; ne hai bevuto tanto? = have you drunk much (of it)?) e many davanti o al posto di sostantivi plurali ( tanti nemici = many enemies; ce ne sono tanti = there are many (of them)). Si noti che much e many sono preferibilmente usati in frasi negative e interrogative, mentre in frasi affermative sono spesso sostituiti da a lot (of), lots (of) (d'uso colloquiale, davanti a nomi numerabili plurali), plenty (of), a great deal (of): tante persone = a lot of people; guadagno tanto = I earn a lot. - Come avverbio, tanto si usa dopo un verbo, e in tal caso si traduce very much o a lot in frase affermativa e much in frase negativa e interrogativa (spero tanto che... = I hope very much that...; ho studiato tanto = I studied a lot; non bevo mai tanto = I never drink much; ha bevuto tanto? = did he drink much?); quando precede un altro avverbio o un aggettivo, si traduce con so o such (è tanto veloce che... = he is so fast that...; è una studentessa tanto intelligente! = she's such an intelligent student!), ma se tale avverbio o aggettivo è al comparativo, tanto si rende con much ( tanto più presto = much sooner; tanto più veloce = much faster). - Per gli altri usi di tanto e gli esempi relativi, si veda la voce qui sotto* * *tanto/'tanto/Tanto può essere principalmente usato come aggettivo, pronome o avverbio. - Come aggettivo e come pronome, si traduce con much davanti o al posto di nomi non numerabili ( tanto vino = much wine; tanto denaro = much money; ne hai bevuto tanto? = have you drunk much (of it)?) e many davanti o al posto di sostantivi plurali ( tanti nemici = many enemies; ce ne sono tanti = there are many (of them)). Si noti che much e many sono preferibilmente usati in frasi negative e interrogative, mentre in frasi affermative sono spesso sostituiti da a lot (of), lots (of) (d'uso colloquiale, davanti a nomi numerabili plurali), plenty (of), a great deal (of): tante persone = a lot of people; guadagno tanto = I earn a lot. - Come avverbio, tanto si usa dopo un verbo, e in tal caso si traduce very much o a lot in frase affermativa e much in frase negativa e interrogativa (spero tanto che... = I hope very much that...; ho studiato tanto = I studied a lot; non bevo mai tanto = I never drink much; ha bevuto tanto? = did he drink much?); quando precede un altro avverbio o un aggettivo, si traduce con so o such (è tanto veloce che... = he is so fast that...; è una studentessa tanto intelligente! = she's such an intelligent student!), ma se tale avverbio o aggettivo è al comparativo, tanto si rende con much ( tanto più presto = much sooner; tanto più veloce = much faster). - Per gli altri usi di tanto e gli esempi relativi, si veda la voce qui sotto. ⇒ 311 (un gran numero di) many, a lot of; - e volte many times; - i libri a lot of o a large number of o many books; - i anni fa many years ago2 (una gran quantità di) avere -i soldi to have lots o plenty of o a great deal of money; non ho -i soldi I don't have much money; c'è ancora tanto tempo there's still plenty of time; tanto tempo fa a long time ago; fare -a strada to go a long way; -e grazie! thank you very much! - i saluti best regards3 (molto, intenso) con -a cura, pazienza with much o great care, patience; ho -a fame, paura I'm very hungry, scared; la tua visita mi ha fatto tanto piacere your visit really pleased me4 (con valore consecutivo) c'era (così) tanto traffico che sono arrivato in ritardo there was so much traffic (that) I arrived late5 (in comparativi di uguaglianza) non ho tanto denaro quanto te I haven't got as much money as you (have)6 (tot) ogni -i anni every so many years7 (altrettanto) -e teste, -e opinioni there are as many opinions as there are people1 (grande quantità, molto) much, a lot; ho tanto da fare I've got a lot of things to do; ha ancora tanto da imparare he still has a lot to learn; non ci vuole tanto a capirlo it doesn't take much understanding; mi ha insegnato tanto! he taught me so much o so many things! 10.000 euro sono -i 10,000 euros is a lot of money2 (gran numero) - i dei luoghi che abbiamo visitato many of the places we visited3 (molte persone) - i (di loro) sono pensionati many (of them) are pensioners; siamo in -i there are many of us4 (quantità specifica) è tanto così più alto di te he's this much taller than you5 (molto tempo) è tanto che aspetti? have you been waiting long? non ci metterò tanto I won't be long; è da tanto che non ci vediamo it's been so long since we last met6 (molta distanza) non c'è tanto da qui alla stazione it's not very far from here to the station7 (una gran cosa) è già tanto se non ci sbatte fuori we'll be lucky if he doesn't throw us out; è già tanto che sia venuta it's already saying a lot that she came8 tanto quanto aggiungi tanto brodo quanto basta per coprire la carne add enough broth to cover the meat9 tanto... quanto lo dico non tanto per me quanto per te I'm not saying it for my benefit but for yours10 a dir tanto at the outmost; prenderà la sufficienza, a dir tanto he'll get a pass, if he's lucky; a dir tanto ci vorranno ancora due ore it will take another two hours at the outmostIII avverbio1 (con un verbo) lavorare, parlare tanto to work, talk much o a lot; l'Austria non mi attira tanto Austria doesn't really appeal me; perché te la prendi tanto? why do you care so much? senza pensarci tanto without thinking so much about it2 (con un avverbio) sto tanto bene qui I feel so good in here; tanto lontano da qui so far away from here; tanto rapidamente very quickly; così tanto so much3 (con un aggettivo) tanto amato, chiacchierato much-loved, much-talked about; tanto atteso long awaited, longed-for; si crede tanto furbo he thinks he's so smart; una cosa tanto bella such a beautiful thing; è davvero tanto importante? does it really matter?4 (con comparativi) è tanto più alta di lui she's much taller than him5 ogni tanto, di tanto in tanto from time to time, every now and again; vedere qcn. di tanto in tanto to see sb. occasionally o on and off6 (altrettanto) as much; due, tre volte tanto twice, three times as much; cento volte tanto a hundredfold7 tanto... quanto (in proposizione comparativa) è tanto bello quanto interessante it's as beautiful as interesting; ho pagato tanto quanto lei I paid as much as she did; (sia... sia) l'ho spiegato tanto a lei quanto a lui I explained it both to her and to him8 tanto... che, tanto... da ha mangiato tanto da sentirsi male he ate so much that he felt sick; essere tanto fortunato da fare to be lucky enough to do9 quanto più... tanto più quanto più si invecchia, tanto più si diventa saggi the older you grow, the wiser you get10 tanto più... tanto meno tanto più lo conosco, tanto meno lo capisco the more I know him, the less I understand him11 tanto meno non l'ho mai visto, né tanto meno gli ho parlato I've never seen him, much less spoken to him; nessuno può andarsene, tanto meno lui nobody can leave, least of all him12 tanto per tanto per cambiare for a change; tanto per cominciare to begin with, for a start; tanto per parlare o per dire just to say something; tanto per sapere, l'hai fatto veramente? just for the record, did you really do it?13 tanto vale just as well; tanto valeva che glielo chiedessi it would be just as well as you asked him o you might as well had asked him; tanto vale dire che... you might just as well say that...IV m.inv.1 (tot) essere pagato un tanto a pagina, al mese to be paid so much a page, a month; un tanto alla o per volta so much at the time2 (seguito dal partitivo) mi guardò con tanto d'occhi he stared wide-eyed at meprendilo pure, tanto non mi serve take it, I don't need it; tanto è lo stesso it makes no difference; è inutile, tanto non sta a sentire! it's no use, he won't listen!tanto peggio! (so) much the worse! too bad! tanto meglio (così) (so) much the better; tanto meglio per te good for you; tanto di guadagnato all the better; non lo credevo capace di tanto I didn't think he would go that far; non sono mai arrivato a tanto I've never done such things; tanto (mi) basta! it's enough (for me)! né tanto né poco not at all; quel tanto che basta per... enough to...; se tanto mi dà tanto... if this is the result..., if that's what I get...; non farla tanto lunga! don't act it out! tanto più che... all the more so because; tanto ha detto e tanto ha fatto che... he insisted o pestered so much that...; una volta tanto just for once o once and for all. -
48 to
1. [tu:] adv1. приведение в нужное состояние или положение, передаётся глагольными приставками при-, за-2. начало действия заwe turned to gladly /with a will/ - мы с воодушевлением взялись за работу
to bring smb. to with smelling salts - привести кого-л. в сознание нюхательной солью
a ship moored head to - корабль, пришвартованный против ветра
♢
to and fro см. to and froto and again уст. = to and fro
to and back = to and fro
we were close to when it happened - мы были рядом, когда это случилось
2. [tu:,tʋ,tə] prepkeep her to! - мор. держи к ветру ( команда)
1) направление к, в, наa flight to the Moon - полёт на Луну /в сторону Луны/
head to the sea [to the wind] - мор. против волны [ветра]
on one's way to the station - по дороге к станции /на станцию/
to go to town - ехать /отправляться/ в город
to go to the sea - ехать к морю, поехать на море
where will she go to? - куда она пойдёт?
to turn to the left [to the right] - повернуть налево [направо]
to point to smth. - указывать на что-л.
to see smb. to the station [to the corner] - проводить кого-л. на вокзал [до угла]
he wears his best clothes to church - он ходит в церковь в парадном костюме
2) движение до соприкосновения с чем-л. на, за, к3) расстояние доis it far to Moscow? - далеко ли до Москвы?
4) положение по отношению к чему-л. к, на; вместе с сущ. тж. передаётся наречиямиto lie to the south [to the north] of - лежать /быть расположенным/ к югу [к северу] от
the window looks to the north [to the south] - окно выходит на север [на юг]
placed at the right angle to the wall - поставленный под прямым углом к стене
a line tangent to a circle - мат. касательная к окружности
he has been to Volgograd twice this year - в этом году он дважды был в Волгограде
have you been to bed? - вы спали?
6) амер. разг., диал. пребывание в каком-л. месте в7) посещение какого-л. учреждения вto go to the theatre - ходить /идти/ в театр
2. указывает на1) лицо, реже предмет, к которому направлено действие к, перед; часто передаётся тж. дат. падежомgreetings to smb. - приветствие кому-л.
to listen to smb., smth. - слушать кого-л., что-л.
to speak to smb. - разговаривать с кем-л.
to send smth. to smb. - послать что-л. кому-л.
to explain smth. to smb. - объяснить что-л. кому-л.
to reveal a secret to smb. - открыть кому-л. секрет
to apologize to smb. - извиниться перед кем-л.
he showed the picture to all his friends - он показал картину всем своим друзьям
he spoke to the demonstration - он обратился с речью к участникам демонстрации
who(m) did you give the letter to? - кому вы отдали письмо?
2) лицо или предмет, воспринимающие какое-л. воздействие или впечатление или являющиеся объектом какого-л. отношения к, для; по отношению к; передаётся тж. дат. падежомattitude to smb., smth. - отношение к кому-л., чему-л.
his duty to his country - его долг по отношению к родине, его патриотический долг
known [unknown] to smb. - известный [неизвестный] кому-л.
clear to smb. - ясный кому-л. /для кого-л./
favourable [unfavourable] to smb. - благоприятный [неблагоприятный] для кого-л.
unjust to smb. - несправедливый к кому-л.
pleasing to smb. - приятный кому-л.
to be cruel to smb. - быть жестоким к кому-л.
injurious to smb., smth. - вредный для кого-л., чего-л.
it seems to me that - мне кажется, что
smth. has happened to him - с ним что-то случилось
3) лицо, эмоционально или интеллектуально заинтересованное в чём-л.; обычно передаётся дат. падежомwhat is that to you? - тебе-то какое до этого дело?; ты-то тут при чём?; почему это тебя интересует?
4) лицо, в честь которого что-л. совершается или провозглашается в честь, за; передаётся тж. дат. падежомto build a monument to smb. - воздвигнуть памятник кому-л. /в честь кого-л./
3. указывает на1) объект высказывания и т. п. в, о, на или придаточное предложениеto bear witness to smth. - давать показания о чём-л.
to testify to smth. - показывать, что; представлять доказательства о том, что
to swear to smth. - поклясться в чём-л.
to speak to smth. - высказываться в поддержку чего-л.
to confess to smth. - признаваться в чём-л.
to allude to smth. - сослаться или намекнуть на что-л.
2) объект права, претензии и т. п. наto have a right to smth. - иметь право на что-л.
to lay a claim to smth. - заявить претензию на что-л.
a document of title to land - документ, дающий право на владение землёй
(dis)obedience to smb.'s orders - (не)подчинение чьему-л. приказу
in answer /in reply/ to smth. - в ответ на что-л.
to reply to smb. - отвечать кому-л.
to come to smb.'s call - явиться по чьему-л. зову /на чей-л. зов/
what do you say to that? - что вы скажете по этому поводу?
what did he say to my suggestion? - как он отнёсся к моему предложению?
what do you say to a short walk? - как насчёт того, чтобы прогуляться?
4) эмоциональную реакцию на что-л. или оценку чего-л. кto his surprise [sorrow] - к его удивлению [огорчению]
to her horror, the beast approached - к её ужасу, зверь приближался
5) поэт. реакцию неодушевлённых предметов на что-л.:waves sparkling to the moonbeams - волны, сверкающие в лунном свете
flimsy houses that shake to the wind - лёгкие домики, которые дрожат от ветра
4. указывает на1) предел или степень доto the end, to the last - до конца
to a high degree - в высокой /в большой/ степени
to the exclusion of all others - и никто больше, и никто другой
stripped [naked] to the waist - раздетый [обнажённый] до пояса
rotten to the core - насквозь гнилой, прогнивший до сердцевины
to fight to the last drop of one's blood - биться до последней капли крови
to defend one's country to the death - стоять насмерть, защищая родину
to count up to ten [to a hundred] - считать до десяти [до ста]
to cut smth. down to a minimum - довести что-л. до минимума
the membership of the club increased to 350 - количество членов клуба достигло 350
2) временной предел доthe custom survives to this day - этот обычай сохранился до наших дней /существует и поныне/
I shall remember it to my dying day - я буду помнить это до (своего) смертного часа
3) степень точности доto guess the weight of smth. to within a kilo - угадать вес чего-л. почти до килограмма
4) пределы колебаний доthe weather over the period was moderate to cool - погода в этот период колебалась от умеренной до прохладной
5) изменение положения или достижение нового состояния и т. п. в, до, на; передаётся тж. глаголомto put smb. to flight - обратить кого-л. в бегство
to tear smth. to pieces /to bits/ - разорвать что-л. на куски
to beat smb. to death - избить кого-л. до смерти
to convert a warehouse to a dance-hall - превратить склад в зал для танцев
6) меру наказания кto sentence smb. to prison [to deportation] - приговорить кого-л. к тюремному заключению [к высылке]
to sentence smb. to death - приговорить кого-л. к смерти /к смертной казни/
5. указывает на1) переход к другой теме разговора, к другому занятию и т. п. кhe turned to the page he had marked - он вернулся к странице, которую отметил
2) начало действия заto fall /to set, to turn/ to smth. - приниматься за что-л.
he turned to eating [to reading] - он принялся за еду [за чтение]
6. указывает на1) цель на, к, для, с цельюto the end that - с (той) целью чтобы; для того чтобы
to no purpose - напрасно, безрезультатно
a means to an end - средство, ведущее к цели
to come to dinner [to tea] - прийти к обеду [к чаю] /пообедать [попить чаю]/
2) результат кto come to a conclusion [to a decision] - прийти к выводу [к решению]
3) тенденцию, склонность, намерение кa tendency to smth. - тенденция к чему-л.
to be given to smth. - быть склонным к чему-л.
4) предназначение для, подa horse bred to the plow - лошадь, приученная к плугу /приученная пахать/
a field planted to rice - поле, отведённое /пущенное/ под рис; поле, засеянное рисом
5) возможность воздействия, незащищённость против воздействия чего-л.; передаётся дат. падежом:exposed to the sunlight - подвергающийся действию солнца, незащищённый от солнца
1) сравнения или сопоставления в сравнении с, по сравнению с; передаётся тж. дат. падежомcompared to... - по сравнению с...
equal to smth. - равный чему-л.
superior to smth. - лучше, чем что-л.; превосходящий что-л.
inferior to smth. - хуже, чем что-л.
similar to smth. - подобный чему-л.; похожий на что-л.
he prefers listening to talking - он больше любит слушать, чем говорить
this is nothing to what it might be - это пустяки по сравнению с тем, что могло (бы) быть
2) соотношения или пропорции к, наthree goals to nil - три - ноль (в футболе и т. п.)
three parts flour to one part butter - три части муки на одну часть масла ( кулинарный рецепт)
four apples to a pound - четыре яблока на фунт, по фунту за четыре яблока
it's a hundred to one (that) it won't happen - вероятность того, что это не случится /не произойдёт/, не больше одной сотой
3) соответствия чему-л. по, на; передаётся тж. дат. падежомto my knowledge - насколько я знаю; насколько мне известно
to my mind /thinking/ - по-моему
(not) to one's liking /taste/ - (не) по вкусу кому-л.
made to order [to measure] - сделанный на заказ [по мерке]
words set to music - слова, положенные на музыку
what tune is it sung to? - на какой мотив это поётся?
4) ( музыкального) сопровождения подto write to smb.'s dictation - писать под чью-л. диктовку
8. указывает на1) составную часть чего-л. или принадлежность к чему-л. к, от, для; передаётся тж. род падежом2) фазу процесса, аспект явления:9. указывает на1) контакт, близость ( в адвербиальных оборотах с повторением существительного) кhand to hand - бок о бок, рядом
they stood man to man - они стояли тесно /один к одному/
2) близость, тесное соприкосновение, а также прикрепление кto be close to smb., smth. - быть близко к кому-л., чему-л.
to tie smth. to smth. - привязать что-л. к чему-л.
to fix smth. to smth. - прикрепить что-л. к чему-л.
to clasp smb. to one's heart - прижать кого-л. к сердцу
to fasten smth. to the wall - прикрепить что-л. к стене
3) добавление, прибавление или сложение к, сput it to what you already have - прибавьте /добавьте/ это к тому, что у вас уже есть
will you have sugar to your tea? - вы будете пить чай с сахаром?
10. указывает на родственные, служебные и др. отношения; передается род. падежомto be engaged to smb. - быть помолвленным с кем-л.
11. указывает на содержание или степень содержательности чего-л. вa book without much to it - не слишком интересная книга; книга так себе
there isn't much to it - а) в этом нет ничего особенного /мудрёного/; б) это немногого стоит
there's nothing to it - а) это проще простого, это проще пареной репы; в этом нет никакой премудрости; б) это яйца выеденного не стоит
that's all there is to it - вот и всё; вот и вся недолга; это очень просто
is there nothing more to civilization than a moral code? - неужто (вся) цивилизация сводится к морали?
12. указывает на1) время по часам без2) отнесение к какому-л. времени в прошлом кa ceremony dating to the first century - обряд, относящийся к первому веку
3) диал. точное время в13. бухг. указывает на отнесение суммы в дебет счёта:to goods £100 - 100 фунтов на товары /отнесение стоимости товаров в 100 фунтов/ в дебет счёта
14. уст. указывает на использование в каком-л. качестве как, вto call smb. to witness - ссылаться на кого-л., призывать кого-л. в свидетели
♢
from... to см. from 9from dawn to dusk - с восхода до заката, от зари до зари
to go from bad to worse - всё (время) ухудшаться, становиться всё хуже и хуже
to a T - полностью, совершенно
to oneself - в своё распоряжение, в своём распоряжении
to tell smth. to smb.'s face - сказать что-л. кому-л. (прямо) в лицо
to be used to smth. [to doing smth.] - привыкнуть к чему-л. [делать что-л.]
3. [tu:,tʋ,tə] partwould to God /to Heaven/! - о господи!
to go away would be to admit defeat - уйти означало бы признать себя побеждённым
he refused [agreed] to come - он отказался [согласился] прийти
he was seen to enter the house - видели, что он вошёл в дом
she would like it to be true - она бы хотела, чтобы это оказалось правдой
I'm ready [happy] to do it - я готов [счастлив] сделать это
you're foolish to believe it - глупо, что ты веришь этому
he was the first [the last] to come - он пришёл первым [последним]
that's good to eat - вкусная штука /вещь/
write down the address not to forget it - запишите адрес, чтобы не забыть его
we parted never to meet again - мы расстались, чтобы никогда больше не встречаться
to hear him talk you would imagine that he's somebody - послушать его - так можно подумать, что он важная персона
2. употребляется после ряда глаголов, чтобы избежать повторения инфинитива:tell him if you want to - скажите ему, если хотите
take the money, it would be absurd not to - возьмите деньги; было бы нелепо отказываться от них
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49 do
I 1. transitive verb,neg. coll. don't, pres. t. he does, neg. (coll.) doesn't, p.t. did, neg. (coll.) didn't, pres. p. doing, p.p. done1) (perform) machen [Hausaufgaben, Hausarbeit, Examen, Handstand]; vollbringen [Tat]; tun, erfüllen [Pflicht]; tun, verrichten [Arbeit]; ausführen [Malerarbeiten]; vorführen [Trick, Striptease, Nummer, Tanz]; durchführen [Test]; aufführen [Stück]; singen [Lied]; mitmachen [Rennen, Wettbewerb]; spielen [Musikstück, Rolle]; tun [Buße]do the shopping/washing up/cleaning — einkaufen [gehen]/abwaschen/sauber machen
do a lot of reading/walking — etc. viel lesen/spazieren gehen usw.
do a dance/the foxtrot — tanzen/Foxtrott tanzen
do something to something/somebody — etwas mit etwas/jemandem machen
what can I do for you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop) was darf's sein?
do something about something/somebody — etwas gegen etwas/jemanden unternehmen
not know what to do with oneself — nicht wissen, was man machen soll
that does it — jetzt reicht's (ugs.)
that's done it — (caused a change for the worse) das hat das Fass zum Überlaufen gebracht; (caused a change for the better) das hätten wir
do a Garbo — (coll.) es der Garbo (Dat.) gleichtun
the car does/was doing about 100 m.p.h./does 45 miles to the gallon — das Auto schafft/fuhr mit ungefähr 160 Stundenkilometer/frisst (ugs.) od. braucht sechs Liter pro 100 Kilometer
2) (spend)do a spell in the armed forces — eine Zeit lang bei der Armee sein
how much longer have you to do at college? — wie lange musst du noch aufs College gehen?
3) (produce) machen [Übersetzung, Kopie]; anfertigen [Bild, Skulptur]; herstellen [Artikel, Produkte]; schaffen [Pensum]5) (prepare) machen [Bett, Frühstück]; (work on) machen (ugs.), fertig machen [Garten, Hecke]; (clean) sauber machen; putzen [Schuhe, Fenster]; machen (ugs.) [Treppe]; (arrange) [zurecht]machen [Haare]; fertig machen [Korrespondenz, Zimmer]; (make up) schminken [Lippen, Augen, Gesicht]; machen (ugs.) [Nägel]; (cut) schneiden [Nägel]; schneiden [Gras, Hecke]; (paint) machen (ugs.) [Zimmer]; streichen [Haus, Möbel]; (attend to) sich kümmern um [Bücher, Rechnungen, Korrespondenz]; (repair) in Ordnung bringen6) (cook) bratenwell done — durch[gebraten]
7) (solve) lösen [Problem, Rätsel]; machen [Puzzle, Kreuzworträtsel]11) (traverse) schaffen [Entfernung]13) (coll.): (visit) besuchen2. intransitive verb, forms asdo Europe in three weeks — Europa in drei Wochen absolvieren od. abhaken (ugs.)
1.you can do just as you like — du kannst machen, was du willst
do as they do — mach es wie sie
2) (fare)3) (get on) vorankommen; (in exams) abschneidendo well/badly at school — gut/schlecht in der Schule sein
4)how do you do? — (formal) guten Tag/Morgen/Abend!
5) (coll.): (manage)how are we doing for time? — wie steht es mit der Zeit od. (ugs.) sieht es mit der Zeit aus?
7) (be usable)8) (happen)there's nothing doing on the job market — es tut sich nichts auf dem Arbeitsmarkt (ugs.)
3. verb substitute, forms asNothing doing. He's not interested — Nichts zu machen (ugs.). Er ist nicht interessiert. See also academic.ru/21693/doing">doing; done
1.1) replacing v.: usually not translatedyou mustn't act as he does — du darfst nicht so wie er handeln
2) replacing v. and obj. etche read the Bible every day as his father did before him — er las täglich in der Bibel, wie es schon sein Vater vor ihm getan hatte od. wie schon vor ihm sein Vater
as they did in the Middle Ages — wie sie es im Mittelalter taten
3) as ellipt. auxYou went to Paris, didn't you? - Yes, I did — Du warst doch in Paris, oder od. nicht wahr? - Ja[, stimmt od. war ich]
4) with ‘so’, ‘it’, etcI knew John Lennon. - So did I — Ich kannte John Lennon. - Ich auch
go ahead and do it — nur zu
4. auxiliary verbI know you from somewhere, don't I? — wir kennen uns doch irgendwoher, nicht?
+ inf. as pres. or past, forms as 1.you do look glum — du siehst ja so bedrückt aus
but I tell you, I did see him — aber ich sage dir doch, dass ich ihn gesehen habe
little did he know that... — er hatte keine Ahnung, dass...
3) in questions4) in negationI don't or do not wish to take part — ich möchte nicht teilnehmen
5) in neg. commandsdon't or do not expect to find him in a good mood — erwarten Sie nicht, dass Sie ihn in guter Stimmung antreffen
children, do not forget... — Kinder, vergesst [ja] nicht...
don't be so noisy! — seid [doch] nicht so laut!
don't! — tu's/tut's/tun Sie's nicht!
6) + inf. as imper. for emphasis etcdo sit down, won't you? — bitte setzen Sie sich doch!
do be quiet, Paul! — Paul, sei doch mal ruhig!
do hurry up! — beeil dich doch!
Phrasal Verbs:- do by- do down- do for- do in- do out- do up- do withII noun3) in pl.the dos and don'ts — die Ge- und Verbote (of Gen.)
* * *[du:] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - does; verb1) (used with a more important verb in questions and negative statements: Do you smoke?) Hilfsverb in Fragen und bei Verneinung2) (used with a more important verb for emphasis; ; [ðo sit down]) Hilfsverb zur Betonung3) (used to avoid repeating a verb which comes immediately before: I thought she wouldn't come, but she did.) statt Wiederholung des Verbs4) (used with a more important verb after seldom, rarely and little: Little did he know what was in store for him.) bei Inversion6) (to manage to finish or complete: When you've done that, you can start on this; We did a hundred kilometres in an hour.) schaffen7) (to perform an activity concerning something: to do the washing; to do the garden / the windows.) machen8) (to be enough or suitable for a purpose: Will this piece of fish do two of us?; That'll do nicely; Do you want me to look for a blue one or will a pink one do?; Will next Saturday do for our next meeting?) genügen9) (to work at or study: She's doing sums; He's at university doing science.) sich beschäftigen mit11) (to put in order or arrange: She's doing her hair.) herrichten12) (to act or behave: Why don't you do as we do?)13) (to give or show: The whole town gathered to do him honour.) erweisen15) (to see everything and visit everything in: They tried to do London in four days.) erledigen2. noun(an affair or a festivity, especially a party: The school is having a do for Christmas.) das Fest- doer- doings
- done
- do-it-yourself
- to-do
- I
- he could be doing with / could do with
- do away with
- do for
- done for
- done in
- do out
- do out of
- do's and don'ts
- do without
- to do with
- what are you doing with* * *do[du:]<does, did, done>1. (forming question)\do you like children? magst du Kinder?did he see you? hat er dich gesehen?what did you say? was hast du gesagt?\do you/ \does he/she indeed [or now]? tatsächlich?\do I like cheese? — I love cheese! ob ich Käse mag? — ich liebe Käse!Frida \doesn't like olives Frida mag keine OlivenI \don't want to go yet! ich will noch nicht gehen!I \don't smoke ich rauche nichtit \doesn't matter das macht nichts\don't [you] speak to me like that! sprich nicht so mit mir!\don't be silly sei nicht albern!\don't let's argue about it lasst uns deswegen nicht streiten\do come to our party ach komm doch zu unserer Partymay I join you? — please \do! kann ich mitkommen? — aber bitte!boy, did he yell! der hat vielleicht geschrieen! famso you \do like beer after all du magst also doch Bieryou \do look tired du siehst wirklich müde aus\do tell me! sag's mir doch!\do I/ \does he/she ever! und ob!not only did I speak to her, I even... ich habe nicht nur mit ihr gesprochen, sondern auch...never did I hear such a terrible noise noch nie habe ich so ein schreckliches Geräusch gehörtshe runs much faster than he \does sie läuft viel schneller als erhe said he wouldn't come, but fortunately he did er meinte, dass er nicht kommen würde, aber glücklicherweise tat er es dann doch\do you like Chopin? — yes, I \do/no, I \don't mögen Sie Chopin? — ja/neinwho ate the cake? — I did!/didn't! wer hat den Kuchen gegessen? — ich!/ich nicht!I don't like Chinese food — nor [or neither] \do I/I \do ich esse nicht gerne Chinesisch — ich auch nicht/ich schon... so \do I... ich auchso you don't like her — I \do! du magst sie also nicht — doch!6. (requesting affirmation)you don't understand the question, \do you? Sie verstehen die Frage nicht, stimmt's?you do understand what I mean, \don't you? du verstehst [doch], was ich meine, oder?7. (expressing surprise)so they really got married, did they? dann haben sie also wirklich geheiratet!II. TRANSITIVE VERB<does, did, done>1. (perform)▪ to \do sth etw tun [o machen]what shall I \do now? was soll ich jetzt machen?just \do it! mach's einfach!what are you \doing over the weekend? was machst du am Wochenende?haven't you got anything better to \do? hast du nichts Besseres zu tun?justice must be done Gerechtigkeit muss seinhe \does nothing but complain er beklagt sich echt den ganzen Tag lang famwhat have you done to her? was hast du mit ihr gemacht?what are these toys \doing here? was macht das [ganze] Spielzeug hier?what's the front door \doing open? warum steht die Haustür offen?what on earth are you \doing [there]! was um alles in der Welt machst du denn da?I'm sorry, it simply can't be done before next weekend tut mir leid, aber vor dem nächsten Wochenende geht es einfach nichtthat was a stupid thing to \do das war dumm!what have you done with my coat? wo hast du meinen Mantel hingetan?to \do one's best sein Bestes tun [o geben]to \do nothing of the sort nichts dergleichen tun2. (undertake)▪ to \do sth with sb/oneself etw mit jdm/sich anfangenwhat am I going to \do with myself while you are away? was soll ich nur die ganze Zeit machen, wenn du nicht da bist3. (help)▪ to \do sth for sb etw für jdn tunwhat can I \do for you? was kann ich für Sie tun?you never \do anything for me! du tust nie was für mich!can you \do anything for my bad back, doctor? können Sie was gegen meine Rückenbeschwerden tun, Herr Doktor?these pills have done nothing for me diese Pillen haben mir überhaupt nicht geholfen4. (use for)what are you going to \do with that hammer? was hast du mit dem Hammer vor?what should we \do with this box? was sollen wir mit dieser Kiste machen?5. (job)to \do sth for a living mit etw dat seinen Lebensunterhalt verdienenwhat \does your mother \do? was macht deine Mutter beruflich?6. (take action)I know I drink too much, but I can't \do anything about it ich weiß, dass ich zu viel trinke, aber ich kann nichts dagegen tunwhat is to be done about that? was kann man dagegen tun?\don't just stand there, \do something! stehen Sie doch nicht nur so rum, tun Sie was!7. (deal with)▪ to \do sth etw machen [o erledigen]if you \do the washing up,... wenn du abspülst,...let me \do the talking überlass mir das Redentoday we're going to \do Chapter 4 heute beschäftigen wir uns mit Kapitel 4I found someone to \do the garden wall ich habe jemanden gefunden, der die Gartenmauer bauen wirdto \do one's homework [seine] Hausaufgaben machento \do the shopping einkaufen8. (learn)▪ to \do sth:have you ever done any Chinese? hast du jemals Chinesisch gelernt?Diane did History at London University Diane hat an der London University Geschichte [im Hauptfach] studiert9. (solve)to \do a crossword ein Kreuzworträtsel lösen [o fam machen]can you \do this sum for me? kannst du das für mich zusammenrechnen?▪ to be done:are you done? bist du jetzt fertig? fam11. (produce)▪ to \do sth for sb [or sb sth] etw für jdn machencan you \do me 20 photocopies of this report? kannst du mir diesen Bericht 20-mal abziehen?12. (tidy)to \do the dishes das Geschirr abspülen [o SCHWEIZ abwaschen]to \do one's shoes seine Schuhe putzento \do one's teeth sich dat die Zähne putzen13. (arrange)to \do a bow tie eine Schleife bindento \do flowers Blumen arrangierento get one's hair done zum Friseur [o SCHWEIZ Coiffeur] gehenwhere \do you get your hair done? zu welchem Friseur gehst du?14. (visit)▪ to \do sth etw besichtigento \do India eine Indienreise machento \do Nice sich dat Nizza ansehen15. AUTOto \do 100 km/h 100 fahren fam16. (travel)to \do Paris to Bordeaux in five hours in fünf Stunden von Paris nach Bordeaux fahren17. (suffice)▪ to \do sb jdm genügenI only have diet cola — will that \do you? ich habe nur Diätcola — trinkst du die auch?18. (provide)▪ to \do sth:this pub only \does food at lunchtime in diesem Pub gibt es nur zur Mittagszeit etwas zu essen\do you \do travel insurance as well? bieten Sie auch Reiseversicherungen an?sorry, we \don't \do hot meals tut mir leid, bei uns gibt es nur kalte Küche19. (cook)to \do the cooking kochenhow long should the carrots be done for? wie lange müssen die Karotten kochen?could you \do me something without fish? könntest du mir etwas ohne Fisch kochen?20. (cause)▪ to \do sb sth jdm etw tunto \do sb a favour jdm einen Gefallen tunto \do sb good jdm gut tunit would \do you good to get some fresh air es würde dir gut tun, etwas frische Luft zu schnappen▪ to \do sb jdn drannehmenbut he said he'd \do me next aber er sagte, dass ich als Nächste drankäme!22. (treat well)to \do sb well jdn verwöhnento \do oneself well es sich dat gutgehen lassen23. (act)to \do a role eine Rolle spielenwho did James Bond before Roger Moore? wer hat James Bond vor Roger Moore gespielt?24. (impersonate)▪ to \do sb/sth jdn/etw nachmachenI hope she won't \do a Mary and get divorced six months after her wedding ich hoffe, sie macht es nicht wie Mary und lässt sich sechs Monate nach ihrer Hochzeit wieder scheidenhe did me for a thousand quid for that car er hat mir einen Tausender für das Auto abgeknöpftif you're not careful, you'll end up \doing time again wenn du nicht vorsichtig bist, musst du wieder sitzento get done for sth (by the police) wegen einer S. gen von der Polizei angehalten werden; (by a court) für etw akk verurteilt werden▪ to \do sth:how long have you been \doing heroin? wie lange nimmst du schon Heroin?30. (translate)to be done into French/German book ins Französische/Deutsche übersetzt worden seinto \do a translation übersetzen31. (exhaust)this last climb has really done me diese letzte Tour hat mir wirklich den Rest gegebensth \does nothing for sb etw reißt jdn nicht gerade vom Hocker famBach has never done anything for me Bach hat mich noch nie sonderlich vom Hocker gerissen famthat film really did something to me dieser Film hat mich wirklich beeindruckt; (excite sexually)you really \do something to me, you know du machst mich echt an, weißt du [das] famhow old were you when you first did it? wie alt warst du bei deinem ersten Mal?34. (don't mention)\don't good morning me! komm mir nicht mit guten Morgen!35.▶ that \does it! so, das war's jetzt!III. INTRANSITIVE VERB<does, did, done>1. (behave)to \do right [or the right thing] das Richtige tunto \do well to do sth gut daran tun, etw zu tunto \do as one pleases tun, was einem Spaß macht\do as I \do mach's wie ich fam\do as you're told tu, was man dir sagt2. (fare)mother and baby are \doing well Mutter und Kind sind wohlaufhow is your mother \doing? wie geht es deiner Mutter?how is Mary \doing in her new job? wie geht es Mary in ihrem neuen Job?you could \do better du könntest besser sein; (perform) du könntest es besser machenGeorge has done well for himself George hat es für seine Verhältnisse weit gebrachtour daughter is \doing well at school unsere Tochter ist gut in der Schulehave you done? bist du fertig?have you done with those scissors yet? brauchst du die Schere noch?I haven't done with you yet ich bin noch nicht fertig mit dir4. (be acceptable, suffice) passen, in Ordnung seinthat'll \do das ist o.k. sowill £10 \do? reichen 10 Pfund?this kind of behaviour just won't \do! so ein Verhalten geht einfach nicht an!do you think this will \do for a blanket? glaubst du, das können wir als Decke nehmen?that'll \do as a cushion das geht [erstmal] als Kissenthis will \do just fine as a table das wird einen guten Tisch abgebenthis will have to \do for a meal das muss als Essen genügenwill this room \do? ist dieses Zimmer o.k. für Sie?it doesn't \do to criticize your parents seine Eltern kritisiert man nichtwill it \do if I get those books to you by Friday? reicht es, wenn ich dir die Bücher bis Freitag bringe?we'll make \do with $100 100 Dollar müssen reichenthat will never \do das geht einfach nichtthis town is so boring — there's never anything \doing diese Stadt ist so langweilig — nie tut sich was6.▶ \do unto others as you would they should \do unto you ( prov) was du nicht willst, das man dir tut, das füg auch keinem andern zu prov▶ that will \do jetzt reicht's aber!IV. NOUNa big \do eine Riesenfete famfair \dos gleiches Recht für alle4. AM (sl)that's some \do you've got! das ist ja eine Frisur, die du da hast!dog \do Hundehäufchen nt6. (allowed, not allowed)the \dos and \don'ts was man tun und was man nicht tun sollte* * *I [dəʊ]n (MUS)Do nt II [duː] vb: pret did, ptp done1. AUXILIARY VERBThere is no equivalent in German to the use of do in questions, negative statements and negative commands.1)interrogative, negative
do you understand? — verstehen Sie?2) in question tags oderyou know him, don't you? — Sie kennen ihn doch?, Sie kennen ihn (doch), oder?
you don't know him, do you? — Sie kennen ihn also nicht, oder?
so you know them, do you? (in surprise) — Sie kennen sie also wirklich or tatsächlich!
he does understand, doesn't he? —
he didn't go, did he? — er ist (doch) nicht gegangen, oder?
3)you speak better German than I do — Sie sprechen besser Deutsch als ichhe doesn't like cheese and neither do I — er mag keinen Käse und ich auch nicht
I don't like cheese but he does — ich mag keinen Käse, aber er schon
they said he would go and he did — sie sagten, er würde gehen und das tat er (dann) auch
4)do you see them often? – yes, I do/no, I don't — sehen Sie sie oft? – ja/neindo you serve food? – yes, we do — gibts bei Ihnen Essen? – ja
you didn't go, did you? – yes, I did — Sie sind nicht gegangen, oder? – doch
they speak French – oh, do they? — sie sprechen Französisch – ja?, ach, wirklich or tatsächlich?
they speak German – do they really? — sie sprechen Deutsch – wirklich?
may I come in? – do! — darf ich hereinkommen? – ja, bitte
shall I open the window? – no, don't! — soll ich das Fenster öffnen? – nein, bitte nicht!
who broke the window? – I did — wer hat das Fenster eingeschlagen? – ich
5)DO shut up! (esp Brit) — (nun) sei doch (endlich) ruhig!
do tell him that... (esp Brit) —
well do I remember him! — und ob ich mich an ihn erinnere!
it's very expensive, but I DO like it — es ist zwar sehr teuer, aber es gefällt mir nun mal
2. TRANSITIVE VERB1) tun, machenI've done a stupid thing —
sorry, it's impossible, it can't be done — tut mir leid, (ist) ausgeschlossen, es lässt sich nicht machen
can you do it by yourself? —
to do the housework/one's homework —
who did the choreography/the cover design? we'll have to get someone to do the roof — wer hat die Choreografie/den Umschlagentwurf gemacht? wir müssen jemanden bestellen, der das Dach macht (inf)
to do one's hair — sich frisieren, sich (dat) die Haare (zurecht)machen (inf)
to do one's nails — sich (dat) die Nägel schneiden or (varnish) lackieren
to do one's teeth (Brit) — sich (dat) die Zähne putzen
to do the dishes — spülen, den Abwasch machen
he knows it's a mistake but he can't do anything about it — er weiß, dass es ein Fehler ist, aber er kann nichts dagegen machen or daran ändern
we'll have to do something about this/him — wir müssen da/wir müssen mit ihm etwas tun or unternehmen
Brecht doesn't do anything for me — Brecht lässt mich kalt (inf) or sagt mir nichts
I've done everything I can — ich habe alles getan, was ich kann
he does nothing but complain — er nörgelt immer nur, er tut nichts als nörgeln (inf)
well, do what you can — mach or tu (eben), was du kannst
what are you doing on Saturday? — was machen or tun Sie am Sonnabend?
what do I have to do to get through to him? — was muss ich tun, um zu ihm durchzukommen?
how do you do it? — wie macht man das?; (in amazement) wie machen Sie das bloß? __diams; that's done it (inf) so, da haben wirs!, da haben wir die Bescherung! (inf) __diams; that does it! jetzt reichts mir!
2)as job, profession
what does your father do? — was macht Ihr Vater (beruflich)?3)= provide service, product
what can I do for you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (by shop assistant) was darfs sein?sorry, we don't do lunches — wir haben leider keinen Mittagstisch
we do a wide range of herbal teas —
we only do one style of gloves (= sell) (= produce) — wir haben or führen nur eine Sorte Handschuhe wir stellen nur eine Sorte Handschuhe her
4)= complete, finish
in pret, ptp only the work's done now — die Arbeit ist gemacht or getan or fertigwhat's done cannot be undone — was geschehen ist, kann man nicht ungeschehen machen
are you done? (inf) — bist du endlich or schon (iro) fertig?
5) = study, cover durchnehmen, haben7) = solve lösen; sum, crossword, puzzle etc lösen, machen8) = take customer drannehmenthe barber said he'd do me next — der Friseur sagte, er würde mich als Nächsten drannehmen
9) Theat, Film part spielen10) = take off, mimic nachmachen11) = visit, see sights of city, country, museum besuchen, abhaken (inf)12) AUT ETC fahren, machen (inf)13)= treat (Brit inf)
they do you very well at that hotel — in dem Hotel ist man gut untergebracht or aufgehobenthey do you very well at that restaurant — in dem Restaurant isst man sehr gut __diams; to do oneself well es sich (dat) gut gehen lassen
that will do me nicely — das reicht dicke (inf) or allemal
I was done for £80 — mit £ 80 hat man mich ganz schön übers Ohr gehauen (inf)
the office was done last night — im Büro ist gestern Nacht ein Bruch gemacht worden (sl)
17)= hurt Brit inf
I'll do you! — dir besorg ichs noch! (inf)18)= tire out (inf)
I'm absolutely done (in)! — ich bin völlig geschafft or erledigt or fertig (all inf)21)3. INTRANSITIVE VERB1)= act
do as I do — mach es wie ichhe did well to take advice — er tat gut daran, sich beraten zu lassen
he did right — er hat richtig gehandelt, es war richtig von ihm
he did right/well to go — es war richtig/gut, dass er gegangen ist
2)= get on, fare
how are you doing? — wie gehts (Ihnen)?I'm not doing so badly — es geht mir gar nicht so schlecht
when my uncle died I did quite well — als mein Onkel starb, bin ich ganz gut dabei weggekommen __diams; how do you do? (on introduction) guten Tag/Abend!, angenehm! (form) __diams; what's doing? (inf) was ist los?
3) = be suitable gehenthis room will do — das Zimmer geht (inf) or ist in Ordnung
will it do if I come back at 8? — geht es, wenn ich um 8 Uhr zurück bin?
it doesn't do to keep a lady waiting —
will she/it do? — geht sie/das?
4) = be sufficient reichencan you lend me some money? – will £10 do? —
yes, that'll do — ja, das reicht
you'll have to make do with £10 — £ 10 müssen Ihnen reichen, Sie werden mit £ 10 auskommen müssen __diams; that'll do! jetzt reichts aber!
4. NOUN (Brit inf)she had a big do for her eighteenth birthday — an ihrem achtzehnten Geburtstag stieg bei ihr eine Riesenfete (inf)
the whole thing was a do from start to finish — die ganze Sache war von vorne bis hinten ein Schwindel
5. dosPLURAL NOUN* * *A v/t1. tun, machen:what can I do (for you)? was kann ich (für Sie) tun?, womit kann ich (Ihnen) dienen?;do sth for sb etwas für jemanden erledigen;what does he do? was macht er beruflich?, was ist er von Beruf?;are you doing anything tonight? hast du heute Abend (schon) etwas vor?;do sth about etwas tun gegen;if it were to do again wenn es noch einmal getan werden müsste;you can’t do this to me! das kannst du nicht mit mir machen!;you couldn’t do that to me! das kannst du mir (doch) nicht antun!;what have you done to my suit? was haben Sie mit meinem Anzug gemacht?;he promised to do sth er versprach, etwas zu unternehmen;she did no more than look at him sie sah ihn nur an;he does not know what to do with his time er weiß nicht, was er mit seiner Zeit anfangen soll;do sth together etwas gemeinsam oder zusammen unternehmen;do one’s lessons SCHULE seine (Haus)Aufgaben machen;he did all the writing er hat alles allein geschrieben;he did all the talking er führte die Unterhaltung ganz allein, auch ich bin überhaupt nicht zu Wort gekommen;let me do the talking lass mich sprechen;it can’t be done es geht nicht, es ist undurchführbar;the machine does the rest die Maschine erledigt den Rest;the storm did a lot of material damage der Sturm richtete großen Sachschaden an;4. tun, leisten, vollbringen:do one’s best sein Bestes tun, sich alle Mühe geben5. anfertigen, herstellen, ein Kunstwerk etc auch schaffen:do a portrait ein Porträt malen;do a translation eine Übersetzung machen oder anfertigen8. erzielen, erreichen:I did it! ich habe es geschafft!;now you have done it! iron nun hast du es glücklich geschafft!9. sich beschäftigen mit, arbeiten an (dat)11. in Ordnung bringen, z. B.12. herrichten, dekorieren, schmücken13. (her)richten:she is having her nails done sie lässt sich maniküren;14. a) eine Fremdsprache etc lernenb) einen Autor etc durchnehmen, behandeln15. eine Aufgabe löseninto German ins Deutsche)do Othello den Othello spielen;do the polite den höflichen Mann spielen oder markieren;do the host den Gastgeber spielenb) nachahmen:18. zurücklegen, machen, schaffen umg:they did 20 miles sie legten 20 Meilen zurück;the car does 100 m.p.h. der Wagen fährt 160 km/h19. umg besichtigen, die Sehenswürdigkeiten besichtigen von (oder gen):do Rome in three days Rom in drei Tagen besichtigen oder umg machen20. umg genügen (dat):21. umg erschöpfen, erledigen umg:they were pretty well done sie waren am Ende (ihrer Kräfte)22. umga) jemanden erledigen, fertigmachen:I’ll do him in three roundsb) drannehmen (Friseur etc):I’ll do you next, sir23. sl reinlegen, übers Ohr hauen, anschmieren:24. sl eine Strafe abbrummen:he did two years in prison er hat zwei Jahre abgerissen;he did three months for theft er saß drei Monate wegen Diebstahls25. umga) bewirtenb) unterbringen:they do you very well here hier werden Sie gut bewirtet; hier sind Sie gut untergebracht27. bringen (obs außer in):do to death töten, umbringen28. sl einen Bruch machen in (dat), einbrechen in (akk oder dat), ein Auto etc aufbrechenB v/i1. handeln, vorgehen, tun, sich verhalten:the premier would do wisely to resign der Premier würde klug handeln oder wäre gut beraten, wenn er zurückträte; → well1 A 1, A 22. (tätig) handeln, wirken:do or die kämpfen od untergehen;it’s do or die now! jetzt gehts ums Ganze!3. weiter-, vorankommen:a) vorwärtskommen, Erfolge haben ( beide:b) gut gedeihen (Getreide etc)( → B 4, B 5);do better sich verbessern4. Leistungen vollbringen:a) seine Sache gut machen,b) viel Geld verdienen ( → B 3, B 5);he did better than expected er schnitt besser als erwartet ab;his son is doing well at school seinem Sohn geht es in der Schule gut5. sich befinden:a) gesund sein,b) in guten Verhältnissen leben,c) sich gut erholen ( → B 3, B 4);how do you do? guten Tag! (bei der Vorstellung)6. auskommen, zurande kommenthat will (not) do das genügt oder reicht (nicht);it will do tomorrow es hat Zeit bis morgen;we’ll make it do wir werden schon damit auskommen8. angehen, recht sein, sich schicken, passen:that won’t do!a) das geht nicht (an)!,b) das wird nicht gehen!;it won’t do to be rude mit Grobheit kommt man nicht weit(er), man darf nicht unhöflich sein9. (im pprerfect) aufhören:have done! hör auf!, genug (davon)!;he treats his children as I do my dogs er behandelt seine Kinder wie ich meine Hunde;you know it as well as I do du weißt es so gut wie ich;he sang better than he had ever done before er sang besser, als (er) je zuvor (gesungen hatte);she likes cats. so do I ich auch;he does not work hard, does he? er arbeitet nicht viel, nicht wahr?;he works hard, doesn’t he? er arbeitet viel, nicht wahr?;did he buy it? he did ja(wohl);do you understand? I don’t nein;he sold his car. did he? wirklich?, so?;I wanted to go there, and I did so ich wollte hingehen und tat es auchdo you know him? kennen Sie ihn?I do not believe it ich glaube es nicht;do not go there gehen Sie nicht hin!;don’t tun Sie es nicht!, lassen Sie das!3. zur Verstärkung:I do apologize tut mir wirklich leid;you do ask questions du stellst vielleicht Fragen;do sit down nehmen Sie doch bitte Platz;I do like it mir gefällt es wirklich;but I do see it! aber ich sehe es doch!;I did see it, but ich sah es wohl oder zwar, aber;do try to understand it versteh das doch;be quiet, do sei doch still!rarely does one see such things solche Dinge sieht man (nur) seltendo2 [duː] pl dos, do’s [duːz] s1. sl Schwindel m, Gaunerei f2. besonders Br umg Fete f, Feier f3. fair do’s!a) sei nicht unfair!,b) gleiches Recht für alle!4. pl umg Gebote pl:do’s and don’ts Gebote und Verbote, (Spiel)Regelndo3 [dəʊ] s MUS do n (Solmisationssilbe)* * *I 1. transitive verb,neg. coll. don't, pres. t. he does, neg. (coll.) doesn't, p.t. did, neg. (coll.) didn't, pres. p. doing, p.p. done1) (perform) machen [Hausaufgaben, Hausarbeit, Examen, Handstand]; vollbringen [Tat]; tun, erfüllen [Pflicht]; tun, verrichten [Arbeit]; ausführen [Malerarbeiten]; vorführen [Trick, Striptease, Nummer, Tanz]; durchführen [Test]; aufführen [Stück]; singen [Lied]; mitmachen [Rennen, Wettbewerb]; spielen [Musikstück, Rolle]; tun [Buße]do the shopping/washing up/cleaning — einkaufen [gehen]/abwaschen/sauber machen
do a lot of reading/walking — etc. viel lesen/spazieren gehen usw.
do a dance/the foxtrot — tanzen/Foxtrott tanzen
do something to something/somebody — etwas mit etwas/jemandem machen
what can I do for you? — was kann ich für Sie tun?; (in shop) was darf's sein?
do something about something/somebody — etwas gegen etwas/jemanden unternehmen
not know what to do with oneself — nicht wissen, was man machen soll
that does it — jetzt reicht's (ugs.)
that's done it — (caused a change for the worse) das hat das Fass zum Überlaufen gebracht; (caused a change for the better) das hätten wir
that will/should do it — so müsste es gehen; (is enough) das müsste genügen
do a Garbo — (coll.) es der Garbo (Dat.) gleichtun
the car does/was doing about 100 m.p.h./does 45 miles to the gallon — das Auto schafft/fuhr mit ungefähr 160 Stundenkilometer/frisst (ugs.) od. braucht sechs Liter pro 100 Kilometer
2) (spend)3) (produce) machen [Übersetzung, Kopie]; anfertigen [Bild, Skulptur]; herstellen [Artikel, Produkte]; schaffen [Pensum]5) (prepare) machen [Bett, Frühstück]; (work on) machen (ugs.), fertig machen [Garten, Hecke]; (clean) sauber machen; putzen [Schuhe, Fenster]; machen (ugs.) [Treppe]; (arrange) [zurecht]machen [Haare]; fertig machen [Korrespondenz, Zimmer]; (make up) schminken [Lippen, Augen, Gesicht]; machen (ugs.) [Nägel]; (cut) schneiden [Nägel]; schneiden [Gras, Hecke]; (paint) machen (ugs.) [Zimmer]; streichen [Haus, Möbel]; (attend to) sich kümmern um [Bücher, Rechnungen, Korrespondenz]; (repair) in Ordnung bringen6) (cook) bratenwell done — durch[gebraten]
7) (solve) lösen [Problem, Rätsel]; machen [Puzzle, Kreuzworträtsel]8) (study, work at) machen; haben [Abiturfach]10) (sl.): (defeat, kill) fertig machen (ugs.)11) (traverse) schaffen [Entfernung]13) (coll.): (visit) besuchendo Europe in three weeks — Europa in drei Wochen absolvieren od. abhaken (ugs.)
14) (satisfy) zusagen (+ Dat.); (suffice for, last) reichen (+ Dat.)2. intransitive verb, forms as1.you can do just as you like — du kannst machen, was du willst
2) (fare)3) (get on) vorankommen; (in exams) abschneidendo well/badly at school — gut/schlecht in der Schule sein
4)how do you do? — (formal) guten Tag/Morgen/Abend!
5) (coll.): (manage)how are we doing for time? — wie steht es mit der Zeit od. (ugs.) sieht es mit der Zeit aus?
7) (be usable)do for or as something — als etwas benutzt werden können
8) (happen)3. verb substitute, forms asNothing doing. He's not interested — Nichts zu machen (ugs.). Er ist nicht interessiert. See also doing; done
1.1) replacing v.: usually not translated2) replacing v. and obj. etche read the Bible every day as his father did before him — er las täglich in der Bibel, wie es schon sein Vater vor ihm getan hatte od. wie schon vor ihm sein Vater
3) as ellipt. auxYou went to Paris, didn't you? - Yes, I did — Du warst doch in Paris, oder od. nicht wahr? - Ja[, stimmt od. war ich]
4) with ‘so’, ‘it’, etcI knew John Lennon. - So did I — Ich kannte John Lennon. - Ich auch
4. auxiliary verbI know you from somewhere, don't I? — wir kennen uns doch irgendwoher, nicht?
+ inf. as pres. or past, forms as 1.but I tell you, I did see him — aber ich sage dir doch, dass ich ihn gesehen habe
little did he know that... — er hatte keine Ahnung, dass...
3) in questions4) in negationI don't or do not wish to take part — ich möchte nicht teilnehmen
5) in neg. commandsdon't or do not expect to find him in a good mood — erwarten Sie nicht, dass Sie ihn in guter Stimmung antreffen
children, do not forget... — Kinder, vergesst [ja] nicht...
don't be so noisy! — seid [doch] nicht so laut!
don't! — tu's/tut's/tun Sie's nicht!
6) + inf. as imper. for emphasis etcdo sit down, won't you? — bitte setzen Sie sich doch!
do be quiet, Paul! — Paul, sei doch mal ruhig!
Phrasal Verbs:- do by- do down- do for- do in- do out- do up- do withII noun3) in pl.the dos and don'ts — die Ge- und Verbote (of Gen.)
* * *v.(§ p.,p.p.: did, done)= ausführen v.tun v.(§ p.,pp.: tat, getan) -
50 compter
compter [kɔ̃te]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━➭ TABLE 11. <a. ( = calculer) to count• combien en avez-vous compté ? how many did you count?• 40 cm ? j'avais compté 30 40cm? I made it 30• on peut compter sur les doigts de la main ceux qui comprennent vraiment you can count on the fingers of one hand the people who really understandb. ( = prévoir) to reckonc. ( = inclure) to include• nous étions dix, sans compter le professeur there were ten of us, not counting the teacherd. ( = facturer) to charge fore. ( = prendre en considération) to take into account• il aurait dû venir, sans compter qu'il n'avait rien à faire he ought to have come, especially as he had nothing to dof. ( = classer) to consider• on compte ce livre parmi les meilleurs de l'année this book is considered among the best of the yearg. ( = avoir l'intention de) to intend to ; ( = s'attendre à) to expect to• j'y compte bien ! I should hope so!2. <a. ( = calculer) to countb. ( = être économe) to economize• dépenser sans compter ( = être dépensier) to spend extravagantly ; ( = donner généreusement) to give without counting the costc. ( = avoir de l'importance) to countd. ( = valoir) to counte. ( = figurer) compter parmi to rank amongf. (locutions)• cette loi prendra effet à compter du 30 septembre this law will take effect as from 30 September► compter avec ( = tenir compte de) to take account of• un nouveau parti avec lequel il faut compter a new party that has to be taken into account► compter sans* * *kɔ̃te
1.
1) ( dénombrer) to counton ne compte plus ses victoires — he/she has had countless victories
je ne compte plus les lettres anonymes que je reçois — I've lost count of the anonymous letters I have received
sans compter — [donner, dépenser] freely
2) ( évaluer)il faut compter environ 100 euros — you should reckon on GB ou count on paying about 100 euros
3) ( faire payer)4) ( inclure) to countje vous ai compté dans le nombre des participants — I've counted you as one of ou among the participants
5) ( projeter)6) ( s'attendre à)‘je vais t'aider’ - ‘j'y compte bien’ — ‘I'll help you’ - ‘I should hope so too’
2.
verbe intransitif1) ( dire les nombres) to count2) ( calculer) to count, to add upil sait très bien compter, il compte très bien — he's very good at counting
3) ( avoir de l'importance) to matter ( pour quelqu'un to somebody)c'est l'intention or le geste qui compte — it's the thought that counts
le salaire compte beaucoup dans le choix d'une carrière — pay is an important factor in the choice of a career
4) ( avoir une valeur) to countcompter double/triple — to count double/triple
5) ( figurer)compter au nombre de, compter parmi — to be counted among
6)compter avec — ( faire face) to reckon with [difficultés, concurrence]; ( ne pas oublier) to take [sb/sth] into account [personne, chose]
7)compter sans — ( négliger) not to take [sb/sth] into account [personne, chose]
8)compter sur — ( attendre) to count on [personne, aide]; (dépendre, faire confiance) to rely on [personne, ressource]; ( prévoir) to reckon on [somme, revenu]
vous pouvez compter sur moi, je vais m'en occuper — you can rely ou count on me, I'll see to it
ne compte pas sur moi — (pour venir, participer) count me out
je vais leur dire ce que j'en pense, tu peux compter là- dessus (colloq) or sur moi! — I'll tell them what I think, you can be sure of that!
quand il s'agit de faire des bêtises, on peut compter sur toi! — (colloq) hum trust you to do something silly!
3.
se compter verbe pronominalles faillites dans la région ne se comptent plus — there have been countless bankruptcies in the area
4.
à compter de locution prépositive as from
5.
sans compter que locution conjonctive ( en outre) and what is more; ( d'autant plus que) especially as* * *kɔ̃te1. vt1) (établir le nombre de) to count2) (= inclure, dans une liste) to includesans compter qch — not counting sth, not including sth
On sera dix-huit, sans compter les enfants. — There'll be eighteen of us, not counting the children.
3) (= facturer) to charge forIl n'a pas compté le deuxième café. — He didn't charge us for the second coffee.
4) (= avoir à son actif, comporter) to haveL'institut compte trois prix Nobel. — The institute has three Nobel prizewinners.
5) (prévoir: une certaine quantité, un certain temps) to allow, to reckon onIl faut compter environ deux heures. — You have to allow about two hours., You have to reckon on about two hours.
6) (= avoir l'intention de)Je compte bien réussir. — I fully intend to succeed.
Je compte partir début mai. — I intend to leave at the beginning of May.
2. vi1) (calculer) to countIl savait compter à l'âge de trois ans. — He could count when he was three years old.
à compter du 10 janvier COMMERCE — from 10 January, as from 10 January
2) (= être non négligeable) to count, to matterL'honnêteté, ça compte quand même. — Honesty counts after all.
3) (qu'on peut prendre en compte) to countÇa ne compte pas - il s'est fait aider. — That doesn't count - he had help.
4) (= figurer)compter parmi — to be among, to rank among
compter avec qch/qn — to reckon with sth/sb
compter sans qch/qn — to reckon without sth/sb
6)compter sur [personne] — to count on, to rely on, [aide] to count on
7) (= être économe) to watch every penny, to count the penniesPendant longtemps, il a fallu compter. — For a long time we had to watch every penny.
* * *compter verb table: aimerA vtr1 ( dénombrer) to count; compter les jours to count the days; ‘j'ai compté cinq coups à l'horloge’-‘j'en ai compté six’ ‘I counted five strokes of the clock’-‘I counted six’; ‘combien y a-t-il de bouteilles?’-‘j'en compte 24’ ‘how many bottles are there?’-‘I make it 24’; on compte deux millions de chômeurs/3 000 cas de malaria there is a total of two million unemployed/3,000 cases of malaria; une heure après le début de l'attaque on comptait déjà 40 morts an hour after the attack started 40 deaths had already been recorded; on ne compte plus ses victoires he/she has had countless victories; je ne compte plus les lettres anonymes que je reçois I've lost count of the anonymous letters I have received; j'ai compté qu'il y avait 52 fenêtres/500 euros I counted a total of 52 windows/500 euros; as-tu compté combien il reste d'œufs? have you counted how many eggs are left?;2 ( évaluer) compter une bouteille pour trois to allow a bottle between three people; pour aller à Caen il faut compter cinq heures you must allow five hours to get to Caen; il faut compter environ 100 euros you should reckon on GB ou count on paying about 100 euros; compter large/très large/trop large to allow plenty/more than enough/far too much; j'ai pris une tarte pour huit, je préfère compter large I got a tart for eight, I prefer to be on the safe side;3 ( faire payer) compter qch à qn to charge sb for sth; il m'a compté la livre à 1,71 euro he charged me 1.71 euros to the pound; il m'a compté 50 euros de déplacement he charged a 50 euro call-out fee;4 ( inclure) to count; je vous ai compté dans le nombre des participants I've counted you as one of ou among the participants; nous t'avons déjà compté pour le repas de la semaine prochaine we've already counted you (in) for the meal next week; as-tu compté la TVA? have you counted the VAT?; 2 000 euros par mois sans compter les primes 2,000 euros a month not counting bonuses; sans compter les soucis not to mention the worry; j'ai oublié de compter le col et la ceinture quand j'ai acheté le tissu I forgot to allow for the collar and the waistband when I bought the fabric; je le comptais au nombre de mes amis I counted him among my friends ou as a friend; s'il fallait compter le temps que j'y passe if I had to work out how much time I'm spending on it;5 ( avoir) to have [habitants, chômeurs, alliés]; to have [sth] to one's credit [victoire, succès]; notre club compte des gens célèbres our club has some well-known people among its members; un sportif qui compte de nombreuses victoires à son actif a sportsman who has many victories to his credit; il compte 15 ans de présence dans l'entreprise he has been with the company for 15 years;6 ( projeter) compter faire to intend to do; ‘comptez-vous y aller?’-‘j'y compte bien’ ‘do you intend to go?’-‘yes, I certainly do’; je compte m'acheter un ordinateur I'm hoping to buy myself a computer;7 ( s'attendre à) il comptait que je lui prête de l'argent he expected me to lend him some money; ‘je vais t'aider’-‘j'y compte bien’ ‘I'll help you’-‘I should hope so too’;8 ( donner avec parcimonie) il a toujours compté ses sous he has always watched the pennies; compter jusqu'au moindre centime to count every penny; sans compter [donner, dépenser] freely; se dépenser sans compter pour (la réussite de) qch to put everything one's got into sth.B vi1 ( dire les nombres) to count; compter jusqu'à 20 to count up to 20; il ne sait pas compter he can't count; il a trois ans mais il compte déjà bien he's three but he's already good at counting; compter sur ses doigts to count on one's fingers;2 ( calculer) to count, to add up; il sait très bien compter, il compte très bien he's very good at counting; cela fait 59 non pas 62, tu ne sais pas compter! that makes 59 not 62, you can't count!; compter sur ses doigts to work sums out on one's fingers;3 ( avoir de l'importance) [avis, diplôme, apparence] to matter (pour qn to sb); ce qui compte c'est qu'ils se sont réconciliés what matters is that they have made it up; c'est l'intention or le geste qui compte it's the thought that counts; 40 ans dans la même entreprise ça compte/ça commence à compter 40 years in the same company, that's quite something/it's beginning to add up; ça compte beaucoup pour moi it means a lot to me; je ne compte pas plus pour elle que son chien I mean no more to her than her dog; compter dans to be a factor in [réussite, échec]; le salaire compte beaucoup dans le choix d'une carrière pay is an important factor in the choice of a career; cela a beaucoup compté dans leur faillite it was a major factor in their bankruptcy; ça fait longtemps que je ne compte plus dans ta vie it's been a long time since I have meant anything to you; il connaît tout ce qui compte dans le milieu du cinéma he knows everybody who is anybody in film circles;4 ( avoir une valeur) [épreuve, faute] to count; compter double/triple to count double/triple; compter double/triple par rapport à to count for twice/three times as much as; ça ne compte pas, il a triché it doesn't count, he cheated; le dernier exercice ne compte pas dans le calcul de la note the last exercise isn't counted in the calculation of the grade; la lettre ‘y’ compte pour combien? how much is the letter ‘y’ worth?; la lettre ‘z’ compte pour combien de points? how many points is the letter ‘z’ worth?; une faute de grammaire compte pour quatre points four marks are deducted for a grammatical error;6 compter avec ( faire face) to reckon with [difficultés, concurrence, belle-mère]; ( ne pas oublier) to take [sb/sth] into account [personne, chose]; ( prévoir) to allow for [retard, supplément]; il doit compter avec les syndicats he has to reckon with the unions; il faut compter avec l'opinion publique one must take public opinion into account; il faut compter avec le brouillard dans cette région you should allow for fog in that area;7 compter sans ( négliger) to reckon without [risque, gêne]; ( oublier) not to take [sb/sth] into account [personne, chose]; c'était compter sans le brouillard that was without allowing for the fog; j'avais compté sans la TVA I hadn't taken the VAT into account;8 compter sur ( attendre) to count on [personne, aide]; (dépendre, faire confiance) to rely on [personne, ressource]; ( prévoir) to reckon on [somme, revenu]; vous pouvez compter sur moi, je viendrai you can count on me, I'll be there; tu peux compter sur ma présence you can count on me ou on my being there; vous pouvez compter sur moi, je vais m'en occuper you can rely ou count on me, I'll see to it; ne compte pas sur moi (pour venir, participer) count me out; ne compte pas sur moi pour payer tes dettes/faire la cuisine don't rely on me to pay your debts/do the cooking; ne compte pas sur eux pour le faire don't count on them to do it; le pays peut compter sur des stocks de vivres en provenance de… the country can count on stocks of food supplies coming from…; le pays peut compter sur ses réserves de blé the country can rely on its stock of wheat; je ne peux compter que sur moi-même I can only rely on myself; je leur ferai la commission, compte sur moi I'll give them the message, you can count on me; je vais leur dire ce que j'en pense, tu peux compter là-dessus○ or sur moi! I'll tell them what I think, you can be sure of that!; quand il s'agit de faire des bêtises, on peut compter sur toi○! iron trust you to do something silly!; compter sur la discrétion de qn to rely on sb's discretion; je compte dessus I'm counting ou relying on it.C se compter vpr leurs victoires se comptent par douzaines they have had dozens of victories; les défections se comptent par milliers there have been thousands of defections; leurs chansons à succès ne se comptent plus they've had countless hits; les faillites dans la région ne se comptent plus there have been countless bankruptcies in the area.D à compter de loc prép as from; réparations gratuites pendant 12 mois à compter de la date de vente free repairs for 12 months with effect from the date of sale.E sans compter que loc conj ( en outre) and what is more; ( d'autant plus que) especially as; c'est dangereux sans compter que ça pollue it's dangerous and what's more it causes pollution.compte là-dessus et bois de l'eau fraîche○ that'll be the day.[kɔ̃te] verbe transitif1. [dénombrer - objets, argent, personnes] to counton ne compte plus ses crimes she has committed countless ou innumerable crimesj'ai compté qu'il restait 200 euros dans la caisse according to my reckoning there are 200 euros left in the tillcompter les heures/jours [d'impatience] to be counting the hours/days2. [limiter] to count (out)a. [il va mourir] his days are numberedb. [pour accomplir quelque chose] he's running out of timeil ne comptait pas sa peine/ses efforts he spared no pains/effort3. [faire payer] to charge fornous ne vous compterons pas la pièce détachée we won't charge you ou there'll be no charge for the spare partle serveur nous a compté deux euros de trop the waiter has overcharged us by two euros, the waiter has charged us 15 francs too much4. [payer, verser] to pay6. [classer - dans une catégorie]compter quelque chose/quelqu'un parmi to count something/somebody among, to number something/somebody amongcompter quelqu'un/quelque chose pour: nous devons compter sa contribution pour quelque chose we must take some account of her contribution8. [avoir - membres, habitants] to havenous sommes heureux de vous compter parmi nous ce soir we're happy to have ou to welcome you among us tonightil compte beaucoup d'artistes au nombre de ou parmi ses amis he numbers many artists among his friends9. [s'attendre à] to expect10. [avoir l'intention de] to intendcompter faire quelque chose to intend to do something, to mean to do something, to plan to do something11. [prévoir] to allowil faut compter entre 14 et 20 euros pour un repas you have to allow between 14 and 20 euros for a mealje compte qu'il y a un bon quart d'heure de marche/une journée de travail I reckon there's a good quarter of an hour's walk/there's a day's workil faudra deux heures pour y aller, en comptant large it will take two hours to get there, at the most————————[kɔ̃te] verbe intransitifsi je compte bien, tu me dois 345 francs if I've counted right ou according to my calculations, you owe me 345 francstu as dû mal compter you must have got your calculations wrong, you must have miscalculated2. [limiter ses dépenses] to be careful (with money)ce qui compte, c'est ta santé/le résultat the important thing is your health/the end result40 ans d'ancienneté, ça compte! 40 years' service counts for something!je prendrai ma décision seule! — alors moi, je ne compte pas? I'll make my own decision! — so I don't count ou matter, then?tu as triché, ça ne compte pas you cheated, it doesn't countà l'examen, la philosophie ne compte presque pas philosophy is a very minor subject in the examcompter double/triple to count double/triplecompter pour quelque chose/rien to count for something/nothingquand il est invité à dîner, il compte pour trois! when he's invited to dinner he eats enough for three!4. [figurer]elle compte parmi les plus grands pianistes de sa génération she is one of the greatest pianists of her generation————————compter avec verbe plus prépositiondésormais, il faudra compter avec l'opposition from now on, the opposition will have to be reckoned with————————compter sans verbe plus préposition————————compter sur verbe plus préposition[faire confiance à] to count ou to rely ou to depend on (inseparable)[espérer - venue, collaboration, événement] to count on (inseparable)c'est quelqu'un sur qui tu peux compter he's/she's a reliable personne compte pas trop sur la chance don't count ou rely too much on luckje peux sortir demain soir? — n'y compte pas! can I go out tomorrow night? — don't count ou bank on it!il ne faut pas trop y compter don't count on it, I wouldn't count on itcompter sur quelqu'un/quelque chose pour: compte sur lui pour aller tout répéter au patron! you can rely on him to go and tell the boss everything!si c'est pour lui jouer un mauvais tour, ne comptez pas sur moi! if you want to play a dirty trick on him, you can count me out!————————se compter verbe pronominalses succès ne se comptent plus her successes are innumerable ou are past counting————————se compter verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)1. [s'estimer] to count ou to consider oneself2. [s'inclure dans un calcul] to count ou to include oneself————————à compter de locution prépositionnelleas from ou ofà compter du 7 mai as from ou of May 7thà compter de ce jour, nous ne nous sommes plus revus from that day on, we never saw each other again————————en comptant locution prépositionnelleil faut deux mètres de tissu en comptant l'ourlet you need two metres of material including ou if you include the hem————————sans compter locution adverbiale[généralementéreusement]donner sans compter to give generously ou without counting the cost————————sans compter locution prépositionnelle[sans inclure] not counting————————sans compter que locution conjonctiveil est trop tôt pour aller dormir, sans compter que je n'ai pas du tout sommeil it's too early to go to bed, quite apart from the fact that I'm not at all sleepy————————tout bien compté locution adverbiale -
51 play
plei
1. verb1) (to amuse oneself: The child is playing in the garden; He is playing with his toys; The little girl wants to play with her friends.) jugar2) (to take part in (games etc): He plays football; He is playing in goal; Here's a pack of cards - who wants to play (with me)?; I'm playing golf with him this evening.) jugar (a)3) (to act in a play etc; to act (a character): She's playing Lady Macbeth; The company is playing in London this week.) representar, actuar4) ((of a play etc) to be performed: `Oklahoma' is playing at the local theatre.) ser representado5) (to (be able to) perform on (a musical instrument): She plays the piano; Who was playing the piano this morning?; He plays (the oboe) in an orchestra.) tocar6) ((usually with on) to carry out or do (a trick): He played a trick on me.) gastar una broma (a alguien)7) ((usually with at) to compete against (someone) in a game etc: I'll play you at tennis.) jugar contra8) ((of light) to pass with a flickering movement: The firelight played across the ceiling.) rielar, bailar9) (to direct (over or towards something): The firemen played their hoses over the burning house.) dirigir10) (to put down or produce (a playing-card) as part of a card game: He played the seven of hearts.) jugar
2. noun1) (recreation; amusement: A person must have time for both work and play.) diversión2) (an acted story; a drama: Shakespeare wrote many great plays.) obra3) (the playing of a game: At the start of today's play, England was leading India by fifteen runs.) partido4) (freedom of movement (eg in part of a machine).) juego•- player- playable
- playful
- playfully
- playfulness
- playboy
- playground
- playing-card
- playing-field
- playmate
- playpen
- playschool
- plaything
- playtime
- playwright
- at play
- bring/come into play
- child's play
- in play
- out of play
- play at
- play back
- play down
- play fair
- play for time
- play havoc with
- play into someone's hands
- play off
- play off against
- play on
- play a
- no part in
- play safe
- play the game
- play up
play1 n1. obra de teatrothere's a Shakespeare play on at the local theatre representan una obra de Shakespeare en el teatro de la ciudad2. juegoplay2 vb1. jugar2. tocartr[pleɪ]1 (recreation) juego3 SMALLTHEATRE/SMALL obra (de teatro), pieza (teatral)4 (free and easy movement, slack) juego5 (action, effect, interaction) juego1 (game, sport) jugar a■ some played cards while the others played football algunos jugamos a cartas mientras otros jugaron a fútbol■ do you play the Stock Exchange? ¿juegas a la Bolsa?2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (compete against) jugar contra; (in position) jugar de; (ball) pasar; (card) jugar; (piece) mover■ have you played David at tennis? ¿has jugado al tenis con David?3 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL tocar1 (joke, trick) gastar, hacer2 (record, song, tape) poner3 (direct - light, water) dirigir1 (amuse oneself) jugar (at, a), ( with, con)2 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (at game) jugar4 (pretend) pretender, jugar a■ what are you playing at? ¿qué pretendes?, ¿a qué estás jugando?5 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL tocar6 (move) recorrer\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLa play on words un juego de palabrasto be in play estar dentro de juegoto be out of play estar fuera de juegoto be played out estar agotado,-a, estar rendido,-ato bring something into play poner algo en juegoto come into play entrar en juegoto give full play to something dar rienda suelta a algoto make a play for something/somebody intentar conseguir algo/conquistar a alguiento play by ear (music) tocar de oídoto play dead hacerse el/la muerto,-ato play for time tratar de ganar tiempoto play hard to get hacerse de rogar, hacerse el/la interesanteto play into somebody's hands hacerle el juego a alguiento play it by ear (improvise) decidir sobre la marcha, improvisarto play it cool hacer como si nadato play one's cards right jugar bien sus cartasto play safe / play it safe ir a lo seguro, no arriesgarseto play the fool hacer el indio, hacer el tontoto play the game jugar limpioto play truant hacer novillos, hacer campanato play with an idea dar vueltas a una ideato play with fire jugar con fuegofair play / foul play juego limpio / juego sucioplay ['pleɪ] vi1) : jugarto play with a doll: jugar con una muñecato play with an idea: darle vueltas a una idea2) fiddle, toy: jugar, jugueteardon't play with your food: no juegues con la comida3) : tocarto play in a band: tocar en un grupo4) : actuar (en una obra de teatro)play vt1) : jugar (un deporte, etc.), jugar a (un juego), jugar contra (un contrincante)2) : tocar (música o un instrumento)3) perform: interpretar, hacer el papel de (un carácter), representar (una obra de teatro)she plays the lead: hace el papel principalplay n1) game, recreation: juego mchildren at play: niños jugandoa play on words: un juego de palabras2) action: juego mthe ball is in play: la pelota está en juegoto bring into play: poner en juego3) drama: obra f de teatro, pieza f (de teatro)4) movement: juego m (de la luz, una brisa, etc.)5) slack: juego mthere's not enough play in the wheel: la rueda no da lo suficienten.• drama s.m.• holgura s.f.• huelgo s.m.• juego s.m.• jugada s.f.• obra dramática s.f.• pieza s.f.• recreo s.m. (A role)v.v.v.• tañer v.v.• divertirse v.• jugar v.• juguetear v.• representar v.• reproducir (Electrónica) v.• sonar v.pleɪ
I
1)a) u ( recreation) juego mb) u ( Sport) juego mplay was interrupted — se interrumpió el juego or el partido
to bring something/come into play — poner* algo/entrar en juego
to make a play for somebody/something — (also BrE)
he made a play for her — trató de ganársela or de conquistársela
the company made a play for ownership of ABC Industries — la compañía intentó hacerse con ABC Industries
2) u ( interplay) juego m4) c ( Theat) obra f (de teatro), pieza f (teatral), comedia fradio play — obra f radiofónica
5) c ( pun)
II
1.
2)a) \<\<cards/hopscotch\>\> jugar* ato play a jokeick on somebody — hacerle* or gastarle una broma/una jugarreta a alguien
b) \<\<football/chess\>\> jugar* (AmL exc RPl), jugar* a (Esp, RPl)3)a) ( compete against) \<\<opponent\>\> jugar* contrato play somebody AT something: I used to play her at chess — jugaba ajedrez or (Esp, RPl) al ajedrez con ella
b) \<\<ball\>\> pasar; \<\<card\>\> tirar, jugar*; \<\<piece\>\> mover*c) ( in particular position) jugar* ded) ( use in game) \<\<reserve\>\> alinear, sacar* a jugar4) ( gamble on) jugar* ato play the market — ( Fin) jugar* a la bolsa
5) ( Theat)a) \<\<villain/Hamlet\>\> representar el papel de, hacer* de, actuar* deto play the innocent — hacerse* el inocente
b) \<\<scene\>\> representarto play it cool — hacer* como si nada
to play (it) safe — ir* a la segura, no arriesgarse*
to play (it) straight — ser* sincero or honesto
c) \<\<theater/town\>\> actuar* en6) ( Mus) \<\<instrument/note\>\> tocar*; \<\<piece\>\> tocar*, interpretar (frml)7) ( Audio) \<\<tape/record\>\> poner*8) ( move) (+ adv compl)
2.
1) vi2) ( amuse oneself) \<\<children\>\> jugar*to play AT something — jugar* a algo
what are you playing at? — ¿a qué estás jugando?, ¿qué es lo que te propones?
to play WITH something/somebody — jugar* con algo/alguien
3) (Games, Sport) jugar*to play fair — jugar* limpio
to play fair with somebody — ser* justo con alguien
4)a) ( Theat) \<\<cast\>\> actuar*, trabajar; \<\<show\>\> ser* representadob) ( pretend)to play dead — hacerse* el muerto
to play hard to get — hacerse* el (or la etc) interesante
5) ( Mus) \<\<musician\>\> tocar*6) ( move)•Phrasal Verbs:- play off- play on- play out- play up[pleɪ]1. N1) (=recreation) juego m•
to be at play — estar jugando•
to do/say sth in play — hacer/decir algo en broma2) (Sport) juego m; (=move, manoeuvre) jugada f, movida fto be in play — [ball] estar en juego
fair I, 1., 1), foul 5.to be out of play — [ball] estar fuera de juego
3) (Theat) obra f (de teatro), pieza fplays teatro msingthe plays of Lope — las obras dramáticas de Lope, el teatro de Lope
radio/television play — obra f para radio/televisión
radioto be in a play — [actor] actuar en una obra
4) (Tech etc) juego mthere's too much play in the clutch — el embrague tiene demasiada holgura or va demasiado suelto
5) (fig) (=interaction)•
to come into play — entrar en juego•
to make a play for sth/sb — intentar conseguir algo/conquistar a algnto make (a) great play of sth — insistir en algo, hacer hincapié en algo
2. VT1) [+ football, tennis, chess, bridge, cards, board game etc] jugar a; [+ game, match] jugar, disputardo you play football? — ¿juegas al fútbol?
what position does he play? — ¿de qué juega?
to play centre-forward/centre-half etc — jugar de delantero centro/medio centro etc
•
to play a game of tennis — jugar un partido de tenisthe children were playing a game in the garden — los niños estaban jugando (a un juego) en el jardín
don't play games with me! — (fig) ¡no me vengas con jueguecitos!, ¡no trates de engañarme!
- play the field- play the game2) [+ team, opponent] jugar contralast time we played Sunderland... — la última vez que jugamos contra Sunderland...
•
to play sb at chess — jugar contra algn al ajedrez3) [+ card] jugar; [+ ball] golpear; [+ chess piece etc] mover; [+ fish] dejar que se canse, agotar•
he played the ball into the net — (Tennis) estrelló or golpeó la pelota contra la red•
to play the market — (St Ex) jugar a la bolsa- play one's cards right or well- play ball4) (=perform) [+ role, part] hacer, interpretar; [+ work] representar; (=perform in) [+ town] actuar enwhat part did you play? — ¿qué papel tuviste?
when we played "Hamlet" — cuando representamos "Hamlet"
to play the peacemaker/the devoted husband — (fig) hacer el papel de pacificador/de marido amantísimo
we could have played it differently — (fig) podríamos haber actuado de otra forma
- play it cool- play it safebook 1., 1), fool, trick 1., 1)5) (Mus etc) [+ instrument, note] tocar; [+ tune, concerto] tocar, interpretar more frm; [+ tape, CD] poner, tocarto play the piano/violin — tocar el piano/el violín
they played the 5th Symphony — tocaron or more frm interpretaron la Quinta Sinfonía
they were playing Beethoven — tocaban or more frm interpretaban algo de Beethoven
6) (=direct) [+ light, hose] dirigirto play a searchlight on an aircraft — dirigir un reflector hacia un avión, hacer de un avión el blanco de un reflector
3. VI1) (=amuse o.s.) [child] jugar; [puppy, kitten etc] jugar, juguetearto play with an idea — dar vueltas a una idea, barajar una idea
to play with fire — (fig) jugar con fuego
how much time/money do we have to play with? — ¿con cuánto tiempo/dinero contamos?, ¿de cuánto tiempo/dinero disponemos?
to play with o.s. * — euph tocarse, masturbarse
2) (Sport) (at game, gamble) jugarplay! — ¡listo!
who plays first? — ¿quién juega primero?
are you playing today? — ¿tu juegas hoy?
•
England are playing against Scotland in the final — Inglaterra jugará contra or se enfrentará a Escocia en la final•
to play at chess — jugar al ajedrezwhat are you playing at? * — pero ¿qué haces?, ¿qué te pasa?
•
to play by the rules — (fig) acatar las normas•
he plays for Liverpool — juega en el Liverpoolto play for high stakes — (lit) apostar muy alto; (fig) poner mucho en juego
•
to play in defence/goal — (Sport) jugar de defensa/de portero•
he played into the trees — (Golf) mandó la bola a la zona de árboles- play for time- play into sb's hands- play to one's strengths3) (Mus) [person] tocar; [instrument, record etc] sonardo you play? — ¿sabes tocar?
•
will you play for us? — ¿nos tocas algo?•
to play on the piano — tocar el piano•
to play to sb — tocar para algn4) (Theat, Cine) (=act) actuarthe film now playing at the Odeon — la película que se exhibe or proyecta en el Odeon
- play hard to get- play deadgallery5) (=move about, form patterns) correr6) [fountain] correr, funcionar4.CPDplay clothes NPL — ropa f para jugar
play reading N — lectura f (de una obra dramática)
- play in- play off- play on- play out- play up* * *[pleɪ]
I
1)a) u ( recreation) juego mb) u ( Sport) juego mplay was interrupted — se interrumpió el juego or el partido
to bring something/come into play — poner* algo/entrar en juego
to make a play for somebody/something — (also BrE)
he made a play for her — trató de ganársela or de conquistársela
the company made a play for ownership of ABC Industries — la compañía intentó hacerse con ABC Industries
2) u ( interplay) juego m4) c ( Theat) obra f (de teatro), pieza f (teatral), comedia fradio play — obra f radiofónica
5) c ( pun)
II
1.
2)a) \<\<cards/hopscotch\>\> jugar* ato play a joke/trick on somebody — hacerle* or gastarle una broma/una jugarreta a alguien
b) \<\<football/chess\>\> jugar* (AmL exc RPl), jugar* a (Esp, RPl)3)a) ( compete against) \<\<opponent\>\> jugar* contrato play somebody AT something: I used to play her at chess — jugaba ajedrez or (Esp, RPl) al ajedrez con ella
b) \<\<ball\>\> pasar; \<\<card\>\> tirar, jugar*; \<\<piece\>\> mover*c) ( in particular position) jugar* ded) ( use in game) \<\<reserve\>\> alinear, sacar* a jugar4) ( gamble on) jugar* ato play the market — ( Fin) jugar* a la bolsa
5) ( Theat)a) \<\<villain/Hamlet\>\> representar el papel de, hacer* de, actuar* deto play the innocent — hacerse* el inocente
b) \<\<scene\>\> representarto play it cool — hacer* como si nada
to play (it) safe — ir* a la segura, no arriesgarse*
to play (it) straight — ser* sincero or honesto
c) \<\<theater/town\>\> actuar* en6) ( Mus) \<\<instrument/note\>\> tocar*; \<\<piece\>\> tocar*, interpretar (frml)7) ( Audio) \<\<tape/record\>\> poner*8) ( move) (+ adv compl)
2.
1) vi2) ( amuse oneself) \<\<children\>\> jugar*to play AT something — jugar* a algo
what are you playing at? — ¿a qué estás jugando?, ¿qué es lo que te propones?
to play WITH something/somebody — jugar* con algo/alguien
3) (Games, Sport) jugar*to play fair — jugar* limpio
to play fair with somebody — ser* justo con alguien
4)a) ( Theat) \<\<cast\>\> actuar*, trabajar; \<\<show\>\> ser* representadob) ( pretend)to play dead — hacerse* el muerto
to play hard to get — hacerse* el (or la etc) interesante
5) ( Mus) \<\<musician\>\> tocar*6) ( move)•Phrasal Verbs:- play off- play on- play out- play up -
52 defender
v.1 to defend.defender los intereses de alguien to defend somebody's interestsdefendió su teoría con sólidos argumentos he supported his theory with sound argumentsElsa defiende su posición Elsa defends her position.Elsa defiende los derechos humanos Elsa defends human rights.2 to protect (proteger) (del frío, calor).* * *1 (gen) to defend (contra/de, against)2 (mantener una opinión, afirmación) to defend, uphold; (respaldar a alguien) to stand up for, support3 (proteger) to protect (contra/de, against/from)1 (espabilarse) to manage, get by, get along■ ¿qué tal se defiende en inglés? how does she get by in English?, what's her English like?\defender una causa DERECHO to argue a case* * *verb* * *1.VT (Mil) [+ país, territorio, intereses] to defend; [+ causa, ideas] to defend, champion; (Jur) to defendel Real Madrid defiende el título de campeón — Real Madrid are defending the championship title, Real Madrid are the defending champions
defiendo la tesis doctoral el mes que viene — I'm having a viva on o (EEUU) I'm defending my doctoral thesis next month
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivosiempre defiende a su hermana — he always defends o stands up for his sister
defender a alguien de algo/alguien — to defend somebody against something/somebody
b) < intereses> to protect, defend; <derechos/título> to defendc) (Der) to defendd) <idea/teoría/opinión> to defend, uphold; <causa/ideal> to champion, defend2.defender la tesis — ≈to defend one's dissertation ( in US), ≈to have a viva on one's thesis ( in UK)
defenderse v prona) (refl) ( contra una agresión) to defend o protect oneself; (Der) to defend oneselfdefenderse de algo/alguien — to defend oneself against something/somebody
b) (fam) ( arreglárselas) to get by (colloq)* * *= advocate, argue, argue + in favour of, be + Posesivo + contention, contend, defend, espouse, maintain, make + apology, make + a case for, plead for, put + the case for, uphold, crusade for, preach, preach, champion, speak up for, speak up for, articulate + the case for, present + case for, mount + defence, strike + a blow for, raise + the flag of, come down in + favour of, stick up for, stand by, rally (a)round, rally behind, stand for.Ex. In order to understand the citation order that PRECIS indexing advocates it is necessary to examine the function of the operators more closely.Ex. Cutter argued that when it could be established that the second term was definitely more significant then inversion of headings was acceptable.Ex. Despite the present financial straits of developing countries, she argues in favour of long-term plan for the acquisition of relevant rare book material.Ex. It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.Ex. The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex. A respondent is a candidate for a degree who, in an academic disputation, defends or opposes a thesis proposed by the praeses (q.v.); also called the defendant.Ex. Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.Ex. They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.Ex. My perspective, for which I make no apology, is that of someone who works daily with the nitty-gritty of cataloging, as many of you do.Ex. This point-by-point evaluation makes a fairly convincing case for the public access online catalogue.Ex. I would plead for more standardization, not less, because I think whatever we do is going to be imperfect.Ex. A more moderate approach is found in the writings of Olding, who puts the case for multiple entry very concisely in a short pamphlet.Ex. It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex. There are also dedicated individuals within government who have found a niche from which to crusade for school libraries.Ex. A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex. A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex. In particular he championed free photoduplication of library materials as a natural extension of library services to patrons at a distance.Ex. Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex. Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex. Moreover, in addition to quantitative measures, qualitative indicators of benefits should be considered so as to present a complete picture when articulating the case for a library's total positive impact.Ex. An MP, a barrister, and a financial consultant present the case for charging Value Added Tax (VAT) on books.Ex. The author mounts a spirited defence of the National Library of Australia future collecting priorities.Ex. In an effort to save US culture, strike a blow for reading, and correct well intentioned but misguided notions about the Internet making libraries obsolete, offers ten reasons why the Internet is no substitute for a library..Ex. The Augustinian order kept his theological tradition, and raised the flag of the Augustinian thought before and after the German reformer.Ex. The author comes down in favour of adding notes to cataloguing records on the grounds that the educational purpose that they are intended to serve is clear.Ex. He states that he has always admired Woody Allen, explaining that when he first saw his films he was happy to see that someone was sticking up for the little guy.Ex. It's hard to believe she stands by a man who gets his kicks out of beating her black and blue everynight.Ex. I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.Ex. The second group, who rallied behind McCarthy, was composed of students and intellectuals who were vociferous against the war.Ex. I will stand for your rights as my forefathers did before me!.----* defender a = put + a word in for.* defender a Alguien = stand up for.* defender Algo = argue + Posesivo + corner.* defender el fuerte = hold + the fortress.* defender el honor de Uno = defend + Posesivo + honour.* defender enérgicamente = be vociferous about/in.* defender la causa de = further + the cause of.* defender la necesidad = articulate + the need.* defender la necesidad de = support + the case for.* defender lo indenfensible = defend + the indefensible.* defender los derechos de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + rights.* defender los intereses = defend + interests, lobby for + interests.* defender los intereses de = go to + bat for, bat for.* defender los principios de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + principles.* defender + Posesivo + argumento = support + Posesivo + case, buttress + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + caso = take up + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + causa = advance + Posesivo + cause.* defender + Posesivo + idea = support + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + postura = argue + Posesivo + case.* defenderse = bite back, stand up, strike back, fight back, fight for + Posesivo + life.* defenderse de ataques = ward off + attacks.* defenderse por uno mismo = fend for + Reflexivo.* defender una causa = promote + cause, support + cause, champion + cause.* defender una idea = champion + idea.* defender un argumento = support + view.* defender un opinión = support + view.* saber defenderse = hold + Posesivo + own.* * *1.verbo transitivosiempre defiende a su hermana — he always defends o stands up for his sister
defender a alguien de algo/alguien — to defend somebody against something/somebody
b) < intereses> to protect, defend; <derechos/título> to defendc) (Der) to defendd) <idea/teoría/opinión> to defend, uphold; <causa/ideal> to champion, defend2.defender la tesis — ≈to defend one's dissertation ( in US), ≈to have a viva on one's thesis ( in UK)
defenderse v prona) (refl) ( contra una agresión) to defend o protect oneself; (Der) to defend oneselfdefenderse de algo/alguien — to defend oneself against something/somebody
b) (fam) ( arreglárselas) to get by (colloq)* * *= advocate, argue, argue + in favour of, be + Posesivo + contention, contend, defend, espouse, maintain, make + apology, make + a case for, plead for, put + the case for, uphold, crusade for, preach, preach, champion, speak up for, speak up for, articulate + the case for, present + case for, mount + defence, strike + a blow for, raise + the flag of, come down in + favour of, stick up for, stand by, rally (a)round, rally behind, stand for.Ex: In order to understand the citation order that PRECIS indexing advocates it is necessary to examine the function of the operators more closely.
Ex: Cutter argued that when it could be established that the second term was definitely more significant then inversion of headings was acceptable.Ex: Despite the present financial straits of developing countries, she argues in favour of long-term plan for the acquisition of relevant rare book material.Ex: It is our contention that an understanding of such basic principles is fundamental to an appreciation of the many and varied contexts that the individual is likely to encounter.Ex: The author contends that it is possible to view the search conducted with the aid of a series of menus as having strong similarities with the search through the hierarchy of a enumerative classification scheme.Ex: A respondent is a candidate for a degree who, in an academic disputation, defends or opposes a thesis proposed by the praeses (q.v.); also called the defendant.Ex: Most respondents espoused the latter view as an appropriate response to IT developments to date.Ex: They maintain, in an article written for Library Resources and Technical Services (LRTS) 'that automated cataloging systems have addressed only half of the problems of maintaining a library catalog'.Ex: My perspective, for which I make no apology, is that of someone who works daily with the nitty-gritty of cataloging, as many of you do.Ex: This point-by-point evaluation makes a fairly convincing case for the public access online catalogue.Ex: I would plead for more standardization, not less, because I think whatever we do is going to be imperfect.Ex: A more moderate approach is found in the writings of Olding, who puts the case for multiple entry very concisely in a short pamphlet.Ex: It's about time that we go back to these principles and make sure that the quality of cataloging is upheld.Ex: There are also dedicated individuals within government who have found a niche from which to crusade for school libraries.Ex: A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex: A major failing of the information industry is that its members tend to preach to one another whereas what they should be doing is talking to everyone else outside the information industry.Ex: In particular he championed free photoduplication of library materials as a natural extension of library services to patrons at a distance.Ex: Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex: Many people voiced fears that volunteers would be used to take over paid jobs from the workforce, but others spoke up for volunteers saying that in many cases they had created extra jobs for the permanent staff.Ex: Moreover, in addition to quantitative measures, qualitative indicators of benefits should be considered so as to present a complete picture when articulating the case for a library's total positive impact.Ex: An MP, a barrister, and a financial consultant present the case for charging Value Added Tax (VAT) on books.Ex: The author mounts a spirited defence of the National Library of Australia future collecting priorities.Ex: In an effort to save US culture, strike a blow for reading, and correct well intentioned but misguided notions about the Internet making libraries obsolete, offers ten reasons why the Internet is no substitute for a library..Ex: The Augustinian order kept his theological tradition, and raised the flag of the Augustinian thought before and after the German reformer.Ex: The author comes down in favour of adding notes to cataloguing records on the grounds that the educational purpose that they are intended to serve is clear.Ex: He states that he has always admired Woody Allen, explaining that when he first saw his films he was happy to see that someone was sticking up for the little guy.Ex: It's hard to believe she stands by a man who gets his kicks out of beating her black and blue everynight.Ex: I recalled how bereft we felt when we lost our son and how friends and neighbours rallied round and offered a shoulder to cry on.Ex: The second group, who rallied behind McCarthy, was composed of students and intellectuals who were vociferous against the war.Ex: I will stand for your rights as my forefathers did before me!.* defender a = put + a word in for.* defender a Alguien = stand up for.* defender Algo = argue + Posesivo + corner.* defender el fuerte = hold + the fortress.* defender el honor de Uno = defend + Posesivo + honour.* defender enérgicamente = be vociferous about/in.* defender la causa de = further + the cause of.* defender la necesidad = articulate + the need.* defender la necesidad de = support + the case for.* defender lo indenfensible = defend + the indefensible.* defender los derechos de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + rights.* defender los intereses = defend + interests, lobby for + interests.* defender los intereses de = go to + bat for, bat for.* defender los principios de Uno = stand up for + Posesivo + principles.* defender + Posesivo + argumento = support + Posesivo + case, buttress + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + caso = take up + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + causa = advance + Posesivo + cause.* defender + Posesivo + idea = support + Posesivo + case.* defender + Posesivo + postura = argue + Posesivo + case.* defenderse = bite back, stand up, strike back, fight back, fight for + Posesivo + life.* defenderse de ataques = ward off + attacks.* defenderse por uno mismo = fend for + Reflexivo.* defender una causa = promote + cause, support + cause, champion + cause.* defender una idea = champion + idea.* defender un argumento = support + view.* defender un opinión = support + view.* saber defenderse = hold + Posesivo + own.* * *defender [E8 ]vt1 (proteger) ‹guarnición/nación› to defend, protect; ‹persona› to defendsiempre defiende a su hermana he always defends o protects o stands up for his sisterdefender a algn DE algo/algn to defend sb AGAINST sth/sbla defendió de las acusaciones/de sus atacantes he defended her against the accusations/against her attackers2 ‹intereses› to protect, defend; ‹derechos› to defend; ‹título› to defend3 ( Der) ‹caso› to defend; ‹acusado/cliente› to defend4 ‹idea/teoría/opinión› to defend, uphold; ‹causa/ideal› to champion, defenddefender la tesis ≈ to defend one's dissertation ( in US), ≈ to have a viva on one's thesis ( in UK)1 ( refl) (contra una agresión) to defend o protect oneself; ( Der) to defend oneself defenderse DE algo/algn to defend oneself AGAINST sth/sbme defiendo bastante bien en francés I can get by quite well in French¿sabes jugar al tenis? — bueno, me defiendo can you play tennis? — well, I'm not too bad ( colloq)* * *
defender ( conjugate defender) verbo transitivo
to defend;
‹ intereses› to protect;
defender a algo/algn de algo/algn to defend sth/sb against sth/sb
defenderse verbo pronominal
(Der) to defend oneself;
defenderse de algo/algn to defend oneself against sth/sb
defender verbo transitivo to defend [contra, against] [de, from]
' defender' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
defensa
- defensor
- defensora
- muerte
- resguardar
- uña
- unirse
- valedor
- valedora
- defienda
English:
argue
- defend
- defender
- guard
- leg
- plead
- speak up
- stand up
- stick up for
- uphold
- advocate
- champion
- speak
- stand
- stick
* * *♦ vt1. [país, ideas] to defend;[amigo] to stand up for; Dep [contrario, delantero] to mark;defender a alguien de algo to defend sb from o against sth;defender los derechos/intereses de alguien to defend sb's rights/interests;defendió su teoría con sólidos argumentos he supported his theory with sound arguments;Depdefender el título to defend the title;defender algo a capa y espada to defend sth tooth and nail2. [reo, acusado] to defend♦ viDep to mark;defender al hombre to mark man for man, to man-mark;defender en zona to use a zone defence* * *I v/t1 defend (de against)2 en fútbol mark* * *defender {56} vt: to defend, to protect* * *defender vb1. (en general) to defend2. (proteger) to protect -
53 si
I.si1 [si]━━━━━━━━━1. conjunction2. adverb━━━━━━━━━1. <a. if• s'il fait beau demain, je sortirai if it's fine tomorrow, I'll go out• si j'avais de l'argent, j'achèterais une voiture if I had any money, I would buy a car• tu viendras ? si oui, préviens-moi à l'avance are you coming? if so, tell me in advance• si seulement il venait/était venu if only he was coming/had come• s'il a tant de succès c'est que... if he is so successful it's because...• il ignore si elle viendra he doesn't know whether or if she'll come (or not)• il se demande si elle viendra he is wondering whether or if she'll come (or not)• tu imagines s'il était fier ! you can imagine how proud he was!• si je veux y aller ? quelle question ! do I want to go? what a question!• si j'avais su ! if only I had known!• et s'il refusait ? and what if he refused?c. ( = que) c'est un miracle si la voiture n'a pas pris feu it's a miracle that the car didn't catch fire• si ses intentions étaient louables, l'effet de son discours a été désastreux while his motives were excellent, the results of his speech were disastrouse. (locutions) et si tu lui téléphonais ? how about phoning him?► si ce n'est...• qui peut le savoir, si ce n'est lui ? if he doesn't know, who will?• si ce n'est elle, qui aurait osé ? who but she would have dared?• il n'avait rien emporté, si ce n'est quelques biscuits he had taken nothing with him apart from a few biscuits• elle va bien, si ce n'est qu'elle est très fatiguée she's quite well apart from the fact that she is very tired► si tant est que• ils sont sous-payés, si tant est qu'on les paie they are underpaid, if they are paid at all2. <a. (affirmatif) vous ne venez pas ? -- si/mais si aren't you coming? -- yes I am/of course I am• vous n'avez rien mangé ? -- si, une pomme haven't you had anything to eat? -- yes (I have), an apple• si, si, il faut venir oh but you must come!• il n'a pas voulu, moi si he didn't want to, but I did• il n'a pas écrit ? -- il paraît que si hasn't he written? -- yes, it seems that he has• je croyais qu'elle ne voulait pas venir, mais il m'a dit que si I thought she didn't want to come but he said she did• on est parti en retard, si bien qu'on a raté le train we left late so we missed the train• si bête soit-il, il comprendra however stupid he is he will understandd. ( = aussi) asII.si2 [si]invariable masculine noun* * *Note: si adverbe de degré modifiant un adjectif a deux traductions en anglais selon que l'adjectif modifié est attribut: la maison est si jolie = the house is so pretty, ou épithète: une si jolie maison = such a pretty houseDans le cas de l'épithète il existe une deuxième possibilité, assez rare et littéraire, citée pour information: = so pretty a house
I
1. sinom masculin invariable if
2.
1) ( marquant l'affirmation) yes‘tu ne le veux pas?’ - ‘si!’ — ‘don't you want it?’ - ‘yes I do!’
mais si — yes, of course
2) ( marquant l'intensité) soje suis heureux de visiter votre si jolie ville — I'm glad to visit your town, it's so pretty
si bien que — ( par conséquent) so; ( à tel point que) so much so that
3.
conjonction (s' before il or ils)1) ( marquant l'éventualité) ifsi ce n'est (pas) toi, qui est-ce? — if it wasn't you, who was it?, if not you, who?
à quoi servent ces réunions si ce n'est à nous faire perdre notre temps? — what purpose do these meetings serve other than to waste our time?
2) ( marquant l'hypothèse) ifje me demande s'il viendra — I wonder if ou whether he'll come
3) ( quand) ifenfant, si je lisais, je n'aimais pas être dérangé — when I was a child I used to hate being disturbed if ou when I was reading
4) ( introduit la suggestion)5) ( pour marquer l'opposition) whereassi la France est favorable au projet, les autres pays y sont violemment opposés — whereas France is in favour [BrE] of the project, the other countries are violently opposed to it
II si* * *abr nmSee:* * *I.II.si❢ Si adverbe de degré modifiant un adjectif a deux traductions en anglais selon que l'adjectif modifié est attribut: la maison est si jolie = the house is so pretty, ou épithète: une si jolie maison = such a pretty house. Dans le cas de l'épithète il existe une deuxième possibilité, assez rare et littéraire, citée pour information: = so pretty a house.A nm inv if; des si et des mais ifs and buts.B adv1 ( marquant l'affirmation) yes; ‘tu ne le veux pas?’-‘si!’ ‘don't you want it?’-‘yes I do!’; ‘ils n'ont pas encore vendu leur maison?’-‘il me semble que si’ ‘haven't they sold their house yet?’-‘yes, I think they have’; il n'ira pas, moi si he won't go, but I will; mais si yes, of course; ‘tu ne le veux pas?’-‘mais si’ ‘don't you want it?’-‘yes, of course I do’; si fort littér yes indeed;2 ( marquant l'intensité) so; ce n'est pas si simple it's not so simple; de si bon matin so early in the morning; de si bonne heure so early; c'est un homme si agréable he's such a pleasant man; vous habitez un si joli pays you live in such a lovely country; je suis heureux de visiter votre si jolie ville I'm glad to visit your town, it's so pretty; j'ai eu si peur que I was so afraid that; si bien que ( par conséquent) so; ( à tel point que) so much so that; elle n'a pas écrit, si bien que je ne sais pas à quelle heure elle arrive she hasn't written, so I don't know what time she's arriving; elle s'agitait en tous sens si bien qu'elle a fini par tomber she was flapping about all over the place, so much so that she fell over; tant et si bien que so much so that;3 ( pour marquer la comparaison) rien n'est si beau qu'un coucher de soleil there's nothing so beautiful as a sunset; est-elle si bête qu'on le dit? is she as stupid as people say (she is)?;4 ( pour marquer la concession) si loin que vous alliez nous saurons bien vous retrouver however far away you go ou no matter how far away you go, we will be able to find you; si intelligent qu'il soit or soit-il, il ne peut pas tout savoir as intelligent as he is ou however intelligent he is, he can't know everything; si pénible que soit la situation however hard the situation may be; si peu que ce soit however little it may be.1 ( marquant l'éventualité) if; si ce n'est (pas) toi, qui est-ce? if it wasn't you, who was it?; il n'a rien pris avec lui si ce n'est un livre et son parapluie he didn't take anything with him apart from ou other than a book and his umbrella; l'une des villes les plus belles, si ce n'est la plus belle one of the most beautiful cities, if not the most beautiful; personne n'a compris si ce n'est le meilleur de la classe nobody understood except the best pupil in the class; si ce n'était la peur d'être malade j'irais avec vous if it weren't for fear of getting ill I'd go with you; à quoi servent ces réunions si ce n'est à nous faire perdre notre temps? what purpose do these meetings serve other than to waste our time?; si c'est (comme) ça, je pars if that's how it is, I'm leaving; s'il vient demain et qu'il fait beau if he comes tomorrow and the weather's fine; lui seul peut trouver une solution, si solution il y a only he can find a solution, if there is one ou a solution; si oui if so; était-il à Paris? si oui avec qui? si non pourquoi? was he in Paris? if he was, who was he with? if he wasn't, why?; explique-moi tout si tant est que tu puisses le faire tell me everything, if you can do it that is; je ne sais pas s'il pourra nous prêter la somme avant dimanche, si tant est qu'il veuille bien nous la prêter I don't know if he will be able to lend us the money before Sunday, if he's willing to lend it to us at all (that is); si tant est qu'une telle distinction ait un sens if such a distinction makes any sense; c'est un brave homme s'il en est he's a brave man if ever there was one; c'était un homme cultivé s'il en fut he was an educated man if ever there was one;2 ( marquant l'hypothèse dans l'avenir ou le présent) if; si j'étais riche if I were rich; si j'étais toi, si j'étais à ta place if I were you; s'il pleuvait je serais content I would be glad if it rained;3 ( exprimant l'hypothèse dans le passé) if; si j'avais su qu'il était à Paris je l'aurais invité if I had known that he was in Paris I would have invited him; si j'avais eu l'argent if I had had the money;4 ( quand) if; s'il pleurait elle le prenait tout de suite dans ses bras if he cried she would pick him up straightaway; enfant, si je lisais, je n'aimais pas être dérangé when I was a child I used to hate being disturbed if ou when I was reading;5 ( dans une phrase exclamative) if only; si vous pouviez venir! if only you could come!, I wish you would come!; si au moins vous m'aviez téléphoné! if only you had phoned me!; si encore or enfin or seulement or même if only; si j'avais su! if only I'd known!, had I known!; vous pensez si j'étais content! you can imagine how happy I was!; si j'ai envie de partir? ah ça oui! do I want to leave? but of course I do!; et si je le rencontrais dans la rue! just imagine if ou just suppose I meet him in the street!;6 ( introduit la suggestion) si tu venais avec moi? how ou what about coming with me?, why don't you come with me?; si nous allions dîner au restaurant? how ou what about going out for dinner?; si tu venais passer le week-end avec nous? why don't you come and spend the weekend with us?; et s'il décidait de ne pas venir? and what if he decided not to come?; et si tu lui écrivais? why don't you write to him/her?;7 ( pour marquer l'opposition) whereas; si la France est favorable au projet, les autres pays y sont violemment opposés whereas France is in favourGB of the project, the other countries are violently opposed to it;8 ( introduit une interrogation indirecte) if, whether; je me demande s'il viendra I wonder if ou whether he'll come.I[si] adverbe1. [tellement - avec un adjectif attribut, un adverbe, un nom] so ; [ - avec un adjectif épithète] suchje la vois si peu I see so little of her, I see her so rarelysi... que so... that2. [exprimant la concession] howeversi aimable soit-il... however nice he may be...si dur que ça puisse paraître, je ne céderai pas however hard it may seem ou hard as it may seem I won't give waysi vous le vexez si peu que ce soit, il fond en larmes if you upset him even the slightest bit, he bursts into tears3. [dans une comparaison]si... que as... as4. [en réponse affirmative] yesça n'a pas d'importance — si, ça en a! it doesn't matter — it does ou yes it does!tu n'aimes pas ça? — si, si! don't you like that? — oh yes I do!je ne veux pas que tu me rembourses — si, si, voici ce que je te dois I don't want you to pay me back — no, I insist, here's what I owe youtu ne vas quand même pas lui dire? — oh que si! still, you're not going to tell him, are you? — oh yes I am!————————[si] conjonction (devant 'il' ou 'ils' s' [s])1. [exprimant une condition] ifsi tu veux, on y va we'll go if you wantsi tu ne réfléchis pas par toi-même et si ou que tu crois tout ce qu'on te dit... if you don't think for yourself and you believe everything people tell you...je ne lui dirai que si tu es d'accord I'll tell him only if you agree, I won't tell him unless you agreesi tu oses...! [ton menaçant] don't you dare!avez-vous des enfants? si oui, remplissez le cadre ci-dessous do you have any children? if yes, fill in the box below2. [exprimant une hypothèse] ifsi tu venais de bonne heure, on pourrait finir avant midi if you came early we would be able to finish before middays'il m'arrivait quelque chose, prévenez John should anything happen to me ou if anything should happen to me, call Johnah toi, si je ne me retenais pas...! just count yourself lucky I'm restraining myself!si j'avais su, je me serais méfié if I had known ou had I known, I would have been more cautious3. [exprimant une éventualité] what if4. [exprimant une suggestion] what about5. [exprimant un souhait, un regret]ah, si j'étais plus jeune! I wish ou if only I were younger!dites-moi si vous venez tell me if ou whether you're comingne sois pas surprise s'il a échoué don't be surprised that ou if he failed8. [introduisant une explication] ifsi quelqu'un a le droit de se plaindre, c'est bien moi! if anyone has reason to complain, it's me!si je prends une initiative, elle la désapprouve whenever ou every time I take the initiative, she disapproves (of it)10. [exprimant la concession, l'opposition]comment faire des économies si je gagne le salaire minimum? how can I save if I'm only earning the minimum wage?si son premier roman a été un succès, le second a été éreinté par la critique though her first novel was a success, the second was slated by the critics11. [emploi exclamatif]tu penses s'il était déçu/heureux! you can imagine how disappointed/happy he was!tu as l'intention de continuer? — si j'ai l'intention de continuer? bien sûr! do you intend to go on? — of course I do ou I certainly do ou I do indeed!si je m'attendais à te voir ici! well, I (certainly) didn't expect to meet you here ou fancy meeting you here!————————[si] nom masculin invariableavec des si, on mettrait Paris en bouteille (proverbe) if ifs and buts were pots and pans, there'd be no trade for tinkers (proverbe)————————si bien que locution conjonctive[de telle sorte que] soil ne sait pas lire une carte, si bien qu'on s'est perdus he can't read a map, and so we got lostsi ce n'est locution prépositionnelle1. [pour rectifier] if notça a duré une bonne heure, si ce n'est deux it lasted at least an hour, if not twotout vous convient? — oui, si ce n'est le prix is everything to your satisfaction? — yes, apart from ou except the pricesi ce n'était sa timidité, c'est un garçon très agréable he's a nice young man, if a little shysi ce n'est toi, c'est donc ton frère La Fontaine (allusion) if it's not you, then it must be your double ou your twin brother (humoristique)si ce n'est que locution conjonctiveil n'a pas de régime, si ce n'est qu'il ne doit pas fumer he has no special diet, except that he mustn't smokesi tant est que locution conjonctiveon se retrouvera à 18 h, si tant est que l'avion arrive à l'heure we'll meet at 6 p.m. provided (that) ou if the plane arrives on timeII[si] nom masculin invariableMUSIQUE B[chanté] si, tivoir aussi link=fa fa -
54 voilà
voilà [vwala]1. prepositiona. there is, there are that is, those are ; (même sens que voici) here is, here are this is, these are• voilà mon frère this is or here is my brother• voilà le livre que vous cherchiez (je le tiens) here's the book you were looking for ; (il est là-bas) there's the book you were looking for• le voilà, c'est lui there he is• le voilà qui se plaint encore there he goes, complaining again• voilà ce qu'il m'a dit/ce dont il s'agit (je viens de le dire) that's what he told me/what it's all about ; (je vais le dire) this is what he told me/what it's all aboutb. (pour résumer) ... et voilà pourquoi je n'ai pas pu le faire... and that's why I couldn't do itd. (locutions)► en voilà• en voilà une histoire ! what a story!• en voilà un imbécile ! what a fool!• en voilà assez ! that's enough!• vous voulez des preuves, en voilà you want proof, well here you are► et voilà tout and that's all there is to it2. exclamation• voilà ! j'arrive ! here I come!• voilà autre chose ! (incident) that's all I need(ed)!• voilà, tu l'as cassé ! there you are, you've broken it!* * *vwala
1.
voilà bientôt deux mois qu'elle travaille chez nous — she's been working with us for nearly two months
2.
voilà ma mère — here's ou here comes my mother
me voilà! — ( j'arrive) I'm coming!; ( je suis là) here I am!
ah! te voilà! — ah, there you are!
je n'ai pas pu venir, voilà tout — ( ne posez pas de questions) I couldn't come, that's all there is to it
voilà qui ne va pas arranger vos affaires — well, that won't sort things out for you
voilà le programme — the programme [BrE] is as follows
voilà comment — ( en introduction) this is how; ( en conclusion) that's how
seulement voilà je n'ai pas d'argent — the problem ou thing is I don't have any money
‘je voudrais la clé du trois’ - ‘voilà, madame’ — ‘I'd like the key to number three’ - ‘here you are, madam’
nous y voilà — ( à la maison) here we are; ( au cœur du sujet) now we're getting there
3.
en voilà locutionvous vouliez des explications? en voilà — you wanted more details! well, here you are (then)
4.
voilà que (colloq) locution
5.
(et) voilà! ils sont partis! — there you are, they've left!
••il a de l'argent, en veux-tu en voilà! — he has as much money as he could wish for!
* * *vwala prép1) (en désignant) (singulier) there is, (pluriel) there areTiens! Voilà Paul. — Look! There's Paul.
Voilà ma sœur. — That's my sister.
les voilà — here they are, there they are
en voilà un — here's one, there's one
Tu as perdu ton stylo? Tiens, en voilà un autre. — Have you lost your pen? Here's another one.
* * *A prép son fils est né voilà un mois his/her son was born a month ago; voilà bientôt deux mois qu'elle travaille chez nous she's been working with us for nearly two months.B présentatif1 ( pour désigner) ( en opposition à voici) et voilà une clé/des clés and there is a key/are keys; le voilà encore! there he is again!; voici ton parapluie et voilà le mien this is your umbrella and here's mine;2 ( même valeur que voici) here is [clé, livre]; here are [clés, livres]; tu cherchais ton sac? le voilà were you looking for your bag? here it is; voilà ma mère here's ou here comes my mother; attention, la voilà! watch out, here she comes!; me voilà! ( j'arrive) I'm coming!; ( je suis là) here I am!; voici mon fils et voilà ma fille this is my son and this is my daughter; ah! te voilà! c'est à cette heure que tu rentres? ah, there you are! what time do you call this?; tiens! voilà le soleil! look! here's the sun!;3 ( pour conclure) voilà tout that's all; voilà comment/pourquoi/ce que that's how/why/what; voilà où je voulais en venir that's the point I wanted to make; voilà où nous en étions that's where we were up to; voilà ce que c'est de faire le malin/désobéir that's what happens if you show off/disobey; voilà ce que déclare un jeune homme so says a young man; il est malade, voilà ce qui le tracasse he's ill, that's what's worrying him; je n'ai pas pu venir, voilà tout ( ne posez pas de questions) I couldn't come, that' s all there is to it; voilà qui ne va pas arranger vos affaires/ne se reproduira pas well, that won't sort things out for you/won't happen again; voilà qui m'arrange! that's what I need!; voilà de quoi faire réfléchir les jeunes that's something for young people to think about;4 ( en introduction) here is, this is [histoire, adresse]; here are, these are [chiffres, adresses]; voilà le programme/la solution the programmeGB/the answer is as follows; le film raconte l'histoire que voilà the film tells the following story; voilà comment/pourquoi/où ( en introduction) this is how/why/where; ( en conclusion) that's how/why/where; ‘seulement or c'est que voilà,’ dit-elle, ‘je n'ai pas d'argent’ ‘the problem ou thing is,’ she said, ‘I don't have any money’;5 ( pour souligner) voilà enfin l'été! summer's here at last!; ‘je voudrais la clé du trois’-‘voilà, madame’ ‘I'd like the key to number three’-‘here you are, madam’; nous y voilà ( à la maison) here we are; ( au cœur du sujet) now we're getting there; voilà nos amis bien perplexes/enfin au calme now our friends are really confused/have got some quiet at last; alors qu'on le croyait calmé, le voilà qui s'enfuit à nouveau just when we thought he had calmed down he runs off again; le voilà qui se remet à rire! there he goes again laughing!; à peine étais-je arrivé, le voilà qui vient vers moi I'd only just arrived when there he was coming toward(s) me; te voilà content! now you're happy!; te voilà revenu! you're back again!; vous voilà prévenus! you've been warned!; voilà bien la manie française de tout critiquer! that's the typical French habit of criticizing everything!; voilà bien les hommes! that's men for you!; voilà bien ta mauvaise foi/façon exceptionnelle de conduire! so much for your dishonesty/brilliant driving!; ridicule, voilà le mot! ridiculous! that's the word!C en voilà loc1 ( en donnant) tu veux des fraises? en voilà you'd like some strawberries? here you are; vous vouliez des explications? en voilà you wanted more details! well, here you are (then); en voilà pour dix euros here's ten euros worth;2 ( valeur exclamative) en voilà un mal élevé! what a badly brought up boy!; mon dieu! en voilà des histoires! good Lord! what a fuss!; en voilà assez! that's enough!; en voilà un qui ne recommencera pas! there's someone who won't do it again!; en voilà au moins un avec qui on peut parler! there's somebody, at least, you can talk to!D voilà que○ loc et voilà qu'une voiture arrive and the next thing was a car arrived; voilà qu'il se met à rire all of a sudden he started laughing; et voilà qu'elle refuse/qu'il tombe malade and then she had to go and refuse/he had to go and get ill GB ou sick US.E excl voilà! j'arrive! (I'm) coming!, I'm on my way!: voilà! ça arrive! (it's) coming!, it's on its way!; (et) voilà! ils sont partis! there you are, they've left!; (et) voilà! il remet ça! there he goes again!; ah! voilà! ( je comprends) oh! that's it!, I see!; on vit, on meurt, (et puis) voilà! you live, you die and that's it!il a de l'argent, en veux-tu en voilà! he has as much money as he could wish for![vwala] préposition1. [désignant ce qui est éloigné] (suivi d'un singulier) there ou that is(suivi d'un pluriel) there ou those are[opposé à 'voici']voici mon lit, voilà le tien here's ou this is my bed and there's ou that's yours2. [désignant ce qui est proche] (suivi d'un singulier) here ou this is(suivi d'un pluriel) here ou these areb. [dans des présentations] these are my parentsvoilà l'homme dont je vous ai parlé here ou this is the man I spoke to you abouttiens, les voilà! look, here ou there they are!ah, te voilà enfin! so here ou there you are at last!a. here we are!b. [dans une discussion] now...tu voulais un adversaire à ta mesure? en voilà un! you wanted an opponent worthy of you? well, you've got one!en voilà une surprise/des manières! what a surprise/way to behave!vous vouliez la clef, voilà you wanted the key, here it is ou here you arevoilà madame, ce sera tout? here you are, madam, will there be anything else?3. [caractérisant un état]la voilà recousue/cassée now it's sewn up again/broken4. [introduisant ce dont on va parler] (suivi d'un singulier) this ou here is(suivi d'un pluriel) these ou here arevoilà ce que je lui dirai this ou here is what I'll say to herque veux-tu dire par là? — eh bien voilà,... what do you mean by that? — well,...5. [pour conclure] (suivi d'un singulier) that'svoilà bien les hommes! how typical of ou how like men!voilà ce que c'est, la jalousie! that's jealousy for you!un hypocrite, voilà ce que tu es! you're nothing but a hypocrite!quelques jours de repos, voilà qui devrait te remettre sur pied a few day's rest, that should set you right againet voilà, il a encore renversé son café! I don't believe it, he spilt his coffee again!et voilà, ça devait arriver! what did I tell you!ah voilà, c'est parce qu'il avait peur! so, that explains it, he was frightened!6. [introduisant une objection, une restriction]j'en voudrais bien un, seulement voilà, c'est très cher I'd like one, but the problem is ou but you see, it's very expensivec'est facile, seulement voilà, il fallait y penser it's easy once you've thought of itvoilà, j'hésitais à vous en parler, mais... well, yes, I wasn't going to mention it, but...7. [désignant une action proche dans le temps]a. [il ne pleut pas encore] here comes the rainb. [il pleut] it's rainingvoilà Monsieur, je suis à vous dans un instant yes, sir, I'll be with you in a minuteil y a quelqu'un? — voilà, voilà anybody in? — hang on, I'm coming!ne voilà-t-il pas que (familier) : je descends de voiture et ne voilà-t-il pas qu'une contractuelle arrive! I get out of my car and guess what, a traffic warden turns up!(ne) voilà-t-il pas qu'on deviendrait coquette! vain, now, are we?8. [exprimant la durée]il est rentré voilà une heure he's been home for an hour, he came home an hour agovoilà longtemps/deux mois qu'il est parti he's been gone a long time/two months -
55 quanto
1. adj how muchcon nomi plurali how manytutto quanto il libro the whole booktutti quanti pl every single one sgquanti ne abbiamo oggi? what is the date today?, what is today's date?2. adv: quanto dura ancora? how long will it go on for?quanto a me as for mequanto costa? how much is it?quanto prima as soon as possiblein quanto since, becauseper quanto ne sappia as far as I know3. m: teoria f dei quanti quantum theory* * *quanto1 agg.interr.1 how much; pl. how many: quanto zucchero metti nel caffè?, how much sugar do you put in your coffee?; quanto denaro vi occorre?, how much money do you need?; quanti dischi hai?, how many records have you got?; quante lezioni comprende il corso?, how many lessons does the course consist of?; quanti giorni starai via?, how many days will you be away?; sai quanti spettatori c'erano allo stadio?, do you know how many spectators there were at the ground?; non so quante settimane durerà la mostra, I don't know how many weeks (o how long) the exhibition will last; dimmi quanto pane devo comprare, tell me how much bread I am to get // quanti anni hai?, how old are you?2 quanto tempo, how long: quanto tempo ci vuole per arrivare alla stazione?, how long does it take to get to the station?; non so quanto tempo mi fermerò qui, I don't know how long I'll stay here // In espressioni ellittiche: quanto è che non lo vedi?, how long is it since you saw him?; da quanto mi aspetti?, how long have you been waiting for me?; quanto dovrai lavorare ancora?, how much longer have you got to work?; di quanto sono in ritardo?, how late am I?; fra quanto saremo a Roma?, how long before we get to Rome?; ogni quanto passa l'autobus?, how often (o how frequently) does the bus run?3 ( in espressioni ellittiche non di tempo): quanto costa?, how much is it?; quanto ha di febbre?, what's his temperature?; quanti ne abbiamo oggi?, what's the date today?; quanto c'è da qui alla stazione?, how far is it to the station?; non so quanto valga questo anello, I don't know how much this ring is worth◆ agg.escl. what (a lot of); how: quanto gasolio abbiamo consumato quest'anno!, what a lot of oil we've used this year!; quanto tempo ci hai messo!, what a long time you've been!; quanto freddo abbiamo patito!, how cold it was!; quanto interesse ha suscitato!, what a lot of interest it roused!; quanti giorni sono passati!, how long it's been!; quante me ne ha dette!, how he insulted me! // In espressioni ellittiche: quanto tempo sprecato!, what a lot of time wasted!; quante parole inutili!, what a load of rubbish!; quanti complimenti!, what a lot of fuss!◆ agg.rel. ( tutto quello che) as... as...: lo puoi tenere quanto tempo vuoi, you can keep it as long as you like; prendi pure quanto denaro ti occorre, take as much money as you need.quanto1 avv.1 interr. (con un agg.) how; (con un v.) how much: quanto è largo?, how wide is it?; quanto è lontana la chiesa?, how far is the church?; quanto bevi di solito?, how much do you usually drink?; quanto sei alto?, how tall are you?; gli chiesi quanto si fosse divertito, I asked him how much he had enjoyed himself; non so quanto l'abbia apprezzato, I don't know how much he appreciated it; chiedono molto per quella casa, ma non ti so dire quanto, they are asking a great deal for that house, but I can't tell you how much // si è pentito e Dio sa quanto!, God only knows how much he regretted it!2 escl. (con un agg.) how; (con un v.) how (much): quanto è bello!, how beautiful it is!; quanto sono felice di rivederti!, how happy I am to see you again!; quanto mi piace!, how I love it!; chissà quanto desiderava di ritornare!, goodness knows how much he longed to return!; non sai quanto ti ho pensato!, you don't know how much I thought about you!; hanno riso, e quanto!, how they laughed!3 (in corr. con tanto) as: è ( tanto) studioso quanto intelligente, he is as studious as he is intelligent; è ( tanto) affabile quanto lui, she is as friendly as he is; ho lavorato ( tanto) quanto lui, I worked as hard as he did (o as him); non è ( tanto) facile quanto tu credi, it isn't as (o so) easy as you think; è ( tanto) curioso quanto una scimmia, he's as curious as a cat // quanto più... tanto più, meno → più, meno avv. // tanto... quanto, (sia... sia) both... and: tanto io quanto mio fratello, both my brother and I; si è venduto tanto la casa quanto l'automobile, he sold both his house and his car // non tanto per... quanto per, not so much for... but (o as) for: non è stato tanto per negligenza quanto per ingenuità, it wasn't so much for negligence as for naïvety4 (in frasi comparative o per rafforzare un superl.): è stimato più di quanto meriti, he's more admired than he deserves; sono arrivato prima di quanto pensassi, I arrived sooner than I expected; si doveva intervenire quanto più rapidamente possibile, it was necessary to intervene as quickly (o as fast) as possible // quanto mai, extremely, very much indeed: mi sono divertito quanto mai, I enjoyed myself very much indeed (o fam. I had a whale of a time); è una persona quanto mai garbata, he's an extremely courteous person // quanto prima → prima // quanto meno → meno avv. // quant'è vero Dio!, as God's my judge!; quant'è vero che mi chiamo..., as sure as my name is...◆ FRASEOLOGIA: quanto a, as for; ( circa) as to: quanto a te, as for you; quanto agli altri, non ne so nulla, I don't know anything as to the others; quanto a fermarmi una settimana, dovrò pensarci su, as to staying a week, I'll have to think about it // in quanto ( che), ( poiché) since (o as); ( per il fatto che) because: in quanto minorenne, non ha diritto di voto, since (o as) he is under age, he can't vote; non ti ho telefonato in quanto ( che) credevo che non fossi in casa, I didn't phone you, as I thought you weren't in // in quanto, ( in qualità di) as: solo lui, in quanto medico, fu autorizzato a vedere il paziente, only he, as a doctor, was allowed to see the patient // per quanto (con agg. e avv.) however; ( con verbi) although: per quanto indaffarato sia..., however busy you are...; per quanto camminassi in fretta, non riuscii a raggiungerli, although I walked fast I was unable to catch up with them; per quanto, è pur sempre un affare, it's still a bargain, however // tanto quanto, tanto o quanto, ( pressappoco) more or less: ''Sarà costato qualche milione'' ''Sì, tanto quanto'', ''It must have cost a few million'' ''Yes, more or less'' // oggi non gli si può parlare, da quanto è nervoso, (fam.) you can't say a word to him today as he is so uptight.quanto1 pron.interr. how much; pl. how many: quanto ne vuoi?, how much do you want (of it)?; quanti ne hai presi?, how many did you get (of them)?; quanti hanno accettato?, how many have they accepted?; quanti di voi sono d'accordo?, how many of you agree?; non so quanti aderirono alla proposta, I don't know how many agreed to the proposal // quanto c'è di vero in quello che dice?, how much truth is there in what he says?◆ pron.escl. what a lot (of): quanto ne hai consumato!, what a lot you've used!; che bei fiori, e quanti!, what a lot of lovely flowers!; quanti sono intervenuti alla cerimonia!, what a lot of people came to the ceremony!◆ pron.rel.1 ( ciò che) what; ( tutto ciò che) all (that): ho quanto mi occorre, I have what (o all) I need; ha fatto quanto ha potuto, he did what he could; quanto ho è a tua disposizione, what (o all) I have is at your disposal; non credere a quanto ti dicono, don't believe what they tell you; c'è molto di vero in quanto afferma, there's a lot of truth in what he says; non dire a nessuno quanto ti ho confidato, don't tell anyone what I let you in on; lo deduco da quanto mi avete detto voi, I guess it from what you told me // quanto di meglio, di peggio, the best, the worst: è quanto di meglio si possa trovare sul mercato in fatto di computer, it's the best computer you can find on the market // in risposta a quanto sopra, in reply to the above // quanto basta, ( con riferimento a dosaggio) sufficient... (to) // per quanto io ne sappia, as far as I know // per quanto si sforzi, non riesce a rendersi simpatica, however hard she tries, she isn't very likable // a quanto dicono..., according to what they say... // questo è quanto, that's all (o that's it)2 pl. ( tutti coloro che) all those (who), whoever (con costr. sing.): quanti desiderano iscriversi, possono farne richiesta, all those wishing to register can apply to do so; era sempre pronto a dare un consiglio a quanti glielo chiedevano, he was always ready to give advice to whoever asked him for any3 ( in correlazione con tanto) as: ha speso ( tanto) quanto ha guadagnato, he spent as much as he earned; ''Quanti moduli occorrono?'' ''Tanti quanti sono i candidati'', ''How many forms are needed?'' ''As many as there are candidates''4 ( in correlazione con tanto) as: possiede tanto denaro quanto tu non immagini, he has as much money as you could ever imagine; non ho tanta pazienza quanta ne ha lei, I haven't got as much patience as she has; c'erano tanti posti quanti erano gli invitati, there were as many seats as there were guests; ha tante preoccupazioni quante ne abbiamo noi, he has as many worries as we have; non ho tanti amici quanti ne hai tu, I haven't as many friends as you have // sono partiti tutti quanti, everyone has left; ha perso tutto quanto, he lost everything; si è sporcato tutto quanto, he got all dirty5 ( in frasi comparative) than: abbiamo ottenuto più, meno di quanto pensassimo, we got more, less than we expected.quanto2 s.m.* * *['kwanto] I quanto (-a)1. agg1) (interrogativo: quantità) how much, (numero) how many2)quante storie! — what a fuss!3) (relativo: quantità) as much as, (numero) as many asti darò quanto denaro ti serve — I'll give you as much money as you need
prendi quanti libri vuoi — take as many books as you want
fermati quanto tempo vuoi — stay as long as you want
2. pron1) (interrogativo: quantità) how much, (numero) how manyquanto credi costerà? — how much do you think it will cost?
quanto è da qui al negozio? — how far is it from here to the shop?
quanti di loro? — how many of them?
quanto ci hai messo a farlo? — how long did it take you to do it?
quanti ne desidera? — how many do you want?
quanti ne abbiamo oggi? — what's the date today?
so che devo prendere del pane, ma non so quanto — I know I must get some bread, but I don't know how much
quant'è? — how much is it?
2)vedi quanti hanno accettato! — see how many have accepted!quante me ne ha dette! — (insulti) the way he insulted me!, (bugie) the number of lies he told me!
3) (relativo: quantità) as much as, (numero) as many asgli darò quanto chiede — I'll give him what o as much as he asks for
in risposta a quanto esposto nella sua lettera... — in answer to the points raised in your letter...
saranno scelti quanti hanno fatto domanda in tempo — all (those) whose applications arrived in time will be selected
quanto ne so — as far as I knowfaremo quanto potremo per aiutarti — we'll do all we can o as much as we can to help you
II ['kwanto] avvspende tanto denaro quanto ne guadagna — he spends all that o every penny he earns, he spends as much as he earns
1) (quantità) how much, (numero) how manysapessi quanto abbiamo camminato! — if you knew how far we have walked!
Dio solo sa quanto mi sono arrabbiato! — God only knows how angry I was!
quanto sono felice! — how happy I am!
2) (nella misura o quantità che) as much asaggiungere brodo quanto basta — add sufficient o enough stock, add as much stock as is necessary
strillava quanto poteva — she was shouting at the top of her voice o as loud as she could
3)mi sono riposato quanto mai in questi ultimi tempi — I've had more rest than ever recently
è una ragazza quanto mai spontanea — she's a very natural girl
è famoso non tanto per i romanzi quanto per le poesie — he's famous not so much for his novels as for his poetry
è tanto sciocco quanto cafone — he is as stupid as he is rude, he is both stupid and rude
4)in
quanto insegnante — as a teachernon ho suonato in quanto temevo di svegliarti — I didn't ring as o since I was afraid I would wake you
in
quanto a — (per ciò che riguarda) as forin
quanto ai soldi che mi devi... — as for the money you owe me..., as far as the money you owe me is concerned...5)quanto si sforzi, non riesce — however hard he tries he can't do itquanto sembri complicato — however complicated it may seemcercherò di fare qualcosa per lui, per quanto non se lo meriti — I'll try and do something for him although o even though he doesn't deserve it
6)quanto più mi sforzo di ricordare tanto meno ci riesco — the harder o the more I try to remember the less I succeed
IIIverrò quanto prima — I'll come as soon o as early as possible
smFis quantum* * *I 1. ['kwanto] 2.pronome interrogativo how much; pl. how manya quanto ammontano le perdite? — how much o what do the losses come to?
quanto manca ancora? — (di tempo) how much longer is it? (di spazio) how much further is it?
3.- i ne abbiamo oggi? — what's the date today o today's date?
aggettivo esclamativo4. 5.- i regali! -a gente! — what a lot of gifts, people!
aggettivo relativo1)6.per -i problemi possano avere,... — how ever many problems they may have
pronome relativo what-i — (coloro che) those who
tutti -i — everybody, one and all
7.per quanto ne so — for all I know, as far as I'm aware, to my knowledge
1) (in frasi interrogative) how muchquanto costa? — how much o what does it cost?
mi piacerebbe sapere quanto lo ha pagato — I'd like to know how much o what he paid for it
era più lontano di quanto non ricordassi — it was further away than I remembered; (con verbo)
aggiungere sale quanto basta — add salt to taste; (con avverbio)
5) quanto piùquanto più guadagna, tanto più spende — the more he earns, the more he spends
6) quanto menoquanto meno si allena, tanto più ingrassa — the less he trains, the more weight he puts on
per quanto io l'ammiri — however much I admire him, much as I admire him
per quanto ci provi non riesco a farlo — try as I might, I can't do it
8) in quanto (poiché) because; (in qualità di) as9) (in) quanto a as for, concerning, regardingII ['kwanto]non mi ha detto niente quanto all'ora della riunione — he didn't say anything to me concerning o about the time of the meeting
sostantivo maschile fis. quantum** * *quanto1/'kwanto/(con nomi non numerabili) how much; (con nomi plurali) how many; quanto zucchero vuoi? how much sugar would you like? quanto tempo è rimasto? how much time is there left? quanto tempo ci hai messo per venire? how long did you take to come? -i giorni occorrono per andarci? how many days does it take to get there? -i anni hai? how old are you? fra quanto tempo arriviamo? when will we get there?how much; pl. how many; -i siete? how many of you are there? non so -i partiranno I don't know how many (people) will be leaving; a quanto andava la macchina? how fast was the car going? a quanto ammontano le perdite? how much o what do the losses come to? quanto manca ancora? (di tempo) how much longer is it? (di spazio) how much further is it? quanto c'è da qui al mare? how far is it to the sea? quanto dura il film? how long is the film? how long does the film last? per quanto ne hai? how long will you be? da quanto abiti qui? how long have you been living here? fra quanto potrai uscire? when will you be able to get away? quanto dista casa tua? how far is your house? -i ne abbiamo oggi? what's the date today o today's date?-i regali! -a gente! what a lot of gifts, people! quanto tempo ci abbiamo messo! what a long time we took!quanto ci sarebbe ancora da dire! a lot more could be said (about that)!1 prendi quanto denaro ti occorre take as much money as you need2 (preceduto da preposizione) hai notato con -a cattiveria gli ha risposto? did you notice how snappily she answered him? per -i problemi possano avere,... how ever many problems they may have,...what; ho quanto occorre I have what I need; non credo a quanto mi ha detto I don't believe what he told me; tutto quanto everything; questo è quanto that's it; -i (coloro che) those who; tutti -i everybody, one and all; è quanto di meglio si possa trovare this is the best that could be found; a quanto dicono if they're to be believed; da quanto ho capito as I understand it; per quanto ne so for all I know, as far as I'm aware, to my knowledge; per quanto mi riguarda as far as I'm concernedVII avverbio1 (in frasi interrogative) how much; quanto costa? how much o what does it cost? quanto fa? how much is it? mi piacerebbe sapere quanto lo ha pagato I'd like to know how much o what he paid for it; quanto è grande il giardino? how big is the garden? quanto sei alto? how tall are you? what's your height? quanto pesi? how heavy are you? how much do you weigh?2 (in che misura) vedi quanto le cose sono cambiate you can see how much things have changed3 (in frasi esclamative) quant'è brutto! how ugly it is! è stupefacente quanto ti assomigli! it's amazing how much he looks like you! quanto lo odio! how I hate him! quanto mi dispiace! how sorry I am! ma quanto sei carina! how nice you look!4 (in un comparativo) (con aggettivo) è bravo quanto lui he's as good as him; è tanto bella quanto intelligente she's just as pretty as she is intelligent; era più lontano di quanto non ricordassi it was further away than I remembered; (con verbo) rimani pure quanto vuoi stay as long as you like; lavoro tanto quanto te I work as much as you do; ti aiuterò quanto è possibile I'll help you insofar as I can; ho fatto quanto è possibile I did as much as possible; grande quanto basta big enough ( per to); quanto basta per due just about enough for two; aggiungere sale quanto basta add salt to taste; (con avverbio) quanto prima as soon as possible5 quanto più quanto più guadagna, tanto più spende the more he earns, the more he spends6 quanto meno quanto meno si allena, tanto più ingrassa the less he trains, the more weight he puts on7 per quanto (sebbene) per quanto io l'ammiri however much I admire him, much as I admire him; per quanto ci provi non riesco a farlo try as I might, I can't do it8 in quanto (poiché) because; (in qualità di) as; in quanto insegnante as a teacher; in quanto tale as such9 (in) quanto a as for, concerning, regarding; in quanto a voi as for you; non mi ha detto niente quanto all'ora della riunione he didn't say anything to me concerning o about the time of the meeting.————————quanto2/'kwanto/sostantivo m.fis. quantum*. -
56 to
[tuː] ( полная форма); [tu] (редуцированная форма, употр. перед гласными); [tə] (редуцированная форма, употр. перед согласными) 1. предл.а) к, в (выражает движение к какой-л. точке и достижение её, управляет словом, обозначающим эту точку; также с наречиями)the first train to London — первый поезд в Лондон, на Лондон
Forester was sent to Edinburgh. — Форестера послали в Эдинбург.
He has removed to near Rugby. — Он переехал поближе к Рагби.
Come here to me. — Подойди сюда ко мне.
б) к, на, по направлению к, в направлении кHe was standing with his back to me. — Он стоял спиной ко мне.
He pointed to a clump of trees. — Он указал на рощицу.
The bedrooms to the back are much larger. — Спальни на задней стороне дома гораздо больше.
в) до (выражает предел движения, протяжения в пространстве)The thermometer has risen to above 32. — Температура перевалила за плюс 32.
It is eleven miles from Oxford to Witney. — От Оксфорда до Уитни одиннадцать миль.
г) в, на (выражает нахождение где-л.)д) к, у (выражает соположение, соприкосновение)He stood up to the wall. — Он стоял, прислонившись к стене.
They will find everything ready to their hands. — У них всё будет под рукой.
2) к, до (выражает временны́е отношения; временной предел, окончание срока)The parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February. — Перерыв в работе парламента должен был продлиться до десятого февраля.
The business hours were from ten to six. — Рабочий день был с десяти до шести.
How long is it to dinner, sir? — Сколько осталось до обеда, сэр?
It was exactly a quarter to four o'clock. — Было ровно без четверти четыре.
Ainsworth came to this time. — К этому времени подошёл Эйнсворт.
3) выражает отношения достижения цели, результата, эффектаа) для, под ( выражает цель деятельности)The captain came to our rescue. — Капитан пришёл к нам на помощь.
Those were the indispensable means to our end. — Это были необходимые средства для достижения нашей цели.
They laid down a few acres to oats. — Они отвели несколько акров под овёс.
The land sown to barley increases. — Площади, засеваемые хмелем, расширяются.
б) выражает конечный пункт движения, ожидаемый исход, результатHe had made up his mind to the event. — Он настроился на это дело.
But now, to his despair, he felt that his patient herself was fighting against his skill. — Теперь, к своему отчаянию, он понял, что сама пациентка борется против него.
The glasses are all to bits. — Стёкла все вдребезги разбиты.
в) по отношению к, в отношении кThis lease is a document of title to land. — Этот документ об аренде есть документ о праве собственности на эту землю.
4) со словами, выражающими объём, степень, размерHe was generally punctual to a minute. — Он был обычно пунктуален до минуты.
They were hostile to the man. — Они были враждебно настроены по отношению к этому человеку.
She was in love with him to distraction. — Она была влюблена в него до самозабвения.
The schoolroom was hot to suffocation. — В классе стояла удушливая жара.
5)а) под, к, вместе с; у, в добавление к, в приложение кIt is impossible any longer to find a pound of butter or cream to our tea in all the country. — Теперь во всей стране невозможно найти ни масла, ни сливок к чаю.
I am growing old, and want more mustard to my meat. — Я старею, мне требуется больше горчицы к мясу.
One little boy complained that there was no rim to his plate. — Один маленький мальчик пожаловался, что у его тарелки были отбиты края.
He had no clothing to his back, no shoes to his feet. — Ему нечем было спину прикрыть, не во что было обуться.
б) вместе с, на (мелодию)There is an old song, to the tune of La Belle Catharine. — Есть старая песенка, на мелодию "Прекрасной Катарины".
в) кMy lips might freeze to my teeth. — У меня губы чуть не примёрзли к зубам.
To that opinion I shall always adhere. — С этим мнением я всегда буду согласен.
г) дляThe Hall now forms the vestibule to the Houses of Parliament. — Этот зал теперь служит вестибюлем перед залами заседаний парламента.
д) у, в (указывает на свойство, характеристику)Tell me what there is to this shindy. — Ну-ка расскажи, о чём здесь веселье.
There's a lot to him that doesn't show up on the surface. — В нём есть много такого, что не видно на поверхности.
6)а) для, при, по сравнению с, на фонеIn comparison to other recent video games, this one isn't very exciting. — По сравнению с другими видеоиграми, появившимися в последнее время, эта не очень интересная.
б) к, против ( указывает на соотношение сил)Their enemies were four to one. — Враг превосходил их по численности в четыре раза.
Odds are ten to three. — Ставки десять к трём.
в) по, для, в соответствии сHe dresses to the fashion. — Он одевается по моде.
He is not a man to our taste. — Он - человек не в нашем вкусе.
Men were noodles to her. — Для неё все мужчины были слабаки.
г) к, в отношении, по поводу, в связи сд) с, к, по отношению кHe was unable to see how they lie to each other. — Он не мог осознать, насколько они лгут друг другу.
7) указывает наа) переход к какой-л. деятельностиLet's go to the next chapter. — Давайте перейдём к следующей главе.
Come, lads, all hands to work! — Так, ребята, за работу!
б) причинение кому-л. / чему-л. чего-л.I presented the gun to him without any other idea but that of intimidation. — Я наставил на него пистолет, только чтобы попугать его.
в) обращение к кому-л.In the morning I spoke to him again and confirmed my decision. — Утром я снова говорил с ним и подтвердил своё решение.
Come, speak to him! — Ну же, поговори с ним!
г) реакцию на что-л.It is fantastic to see younger audiences dancing to a music well over forty years old and keeping it alive. — Замечательно видеть, как молодёжь танцует под музыку, написанную больше сорока лет назад, и тем самым сохраняет ей жизнь.
8)Great dishonour would redound to us. — Великое бесчестие падёт на нас.
We had the railway carriage all to ourselves. — В нашем распоряжении был целый вагон.
They acted under no authority known to the law. — Их действия не были основаны на каких-либо правах, известных закону.
To me it is simply absurd. — По мне, это просто абсурд.
It means a great deal to him. — Для него это много значит.
It now becomes not only just a memory, but a treasure to my soul. — Теперь это уже не просто воспоминание, а сокровище для души.
I have already alluded to the fact. — Я уже ссылался на это.
Menander attests to it. — Об этом свидетельствует Менандр.
д) в управлении ряда глаголов, вводит непрямой объектWe fought them and put them to the run. — Мы сразились с ними и обратили их в бегство.
This day's paper I devote to women. — Сегодняшний доклад я посвящаю женщинам.
е) фин. вводит статью расходаTo Balance from 1899 195 pounds 11 s. — На покрытие баланса за 1899 год 195 фунтов 11 шиллингов.
To J. Bevian and Co., for Bales, 2349 pounds. — Дж.Бевиану и Ко, за Бейлс, 2349 фунтов.
ж) вводит имена людей, имеющих какое-л. особое прозвище или стандартное именованиеTerence James MacSwiney on the baptismal register, but Terry always to his friends. — В церковной книге он значился как Теренс Джеймс Максвини, но для друзей он всегда был Терри.
2. нареч.Lindy (Miss Hoffmann to the kids) had to give it back down to them. — Линди (для детей мисс Хоффманн) пришлось отдать эту вещь им обратно.
1)а) направление, прямо может не переводитьсяThree young owls with their feathers turned wrong end to. — Три совёнка с перьями, развёрнутыми не туда.
б) мор. строго по ветру, следуя направлению ветра2)а) физический контакт, соприкосновениеThe door snapped to. — Дверь захлопнулась.
I can't get the lid of the trunk quite to. — Я не могу закрыть крышку сундука.
б) приведение в какое-л. состояниеThe horses are to. — Лошади готовы.
The soldiers have been stood to. — Солдаты были приведены в боевую готовность.
3) близко, возле, около, рядомI wanted to see them close to. — Я хотел рассмотреть их поближе.
Syn:by 2.3. частицаYou have to help him. — Тебе нужно помочь ему.
2) своего рода местоглаголие, заменяет опущенный инфинитивI kept on, I had to. — Но я прошёл дальше, я был должен.
I wanted to turn round and look. It was an effort not to. — Мне хотелось оглянуться. Стоило громадных усилий не сделать этого.
•Gram:[ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]To-infinitive[/ref][ref dict="LingvoGrammar (En-Ru)"]To-infinitive after adjective or noun[/ref] -
57 sua
sŭus, a, um (old form sos, sa, sum; dat. plur. sis, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Mull.; acc. sas. id. ib. p. 325 ib.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 47; Schol. Pers. 1, 108; sing. sam for suam, Fest. p. 47 Mull.;I.so for suo, C. I. L. 5, 2007. In ante-class. verse su- with the following vowel freq. forms one syllable,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 48; id. Ps. 1, 3, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 68; Lucr. 1, 1022; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 189 sqq.), pron. poss., 3 d pers. [root SVA-; Sanscr. sva, own; cf. sui; Gr. seWo-, whence sphe, etc., and he; cf. heos], of or belonging to himself, herself, etc.; his own, her own, etc.; his, her, its, their; one ' s; hers, theirs.Ordinary possessive use his, etc. (cf. the similar use of the pers. pron. sui, q. v.).A.With antecedent in the same sentence.1.The antecedent a subject-nominative, expressed or understood.(α).His:(β).Caesar copias suas divisit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 97:ille in sua sententia perseverat,
id. ib. 1, 72:tantam habebat suarum rerum fiduciam,
id. ib. 2, 37:cum sceleris sui socios Romae reliquisset,
Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 3:cur ego non ignoscam si anteposuit suam salutem meae?
id. Pis. 32, 79; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; id. Mil. 10, 27; id. Fam. 15, 14, 1:Hanno praefecturam ejus (i.e. Muttinis) filio suo (Hannonis) dedit,
Liv. 26, 40, 7:imperat princeps civibus suis,
Sen. Clem. 1, 16, 2:nemo rem suam emit,
id. Ben. 7, 4, 8.—Her:(γ).mea Glycerium suos parentes repperit,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 5:utinam haec ignoraret suum patrem,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:si nunc facere volt era officium suom,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 72:ne eadem mulier cum suo conjuge honestissimum adulescentem oppressisse videatur,
Cic. Cael. 32, 78:si omnibus suis copiis excellentem virum res publica armasset,
id. Phil. 13, 16, 32.—Its:(δ).omne animal, simul et ortum est, et se ipsum et omnes partes suas diligit,
Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33:cum mea domus ardore suo deflagrationem Italiae toti minaretur,
id. Planc. 40, 95.—Their: (legiones) si consulem suum reliquerunt, vituperandae sunt Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:2.mittent aliquem de suo numero,
id. ib. 11, 10, 25:rationem illi sententiae suae non fere reddebant,
id. Tusc. 1, 17, 38:qui agellos suos redimere a piratis solebant,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85:edicunt ut ad suum vestitum senatores redirent,
id. Sest. 14, 32:suis finibus eos prohibent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: Allobrogibus sese persuasuros existimabant ut per suos (Allobrogum) fines eos (Helvetios) ire paterentur, id. id. 1, 6;and distributively: ac naves onerariae LXIII. in portu expugnatae, quaedam cum suis oneribus, frumento, armis, aere, etc.,
some with their several cargoes, Liv. 26, 47, 9.—With a subject-clause as antecedent:3.id sua sponte apparebat tuta celeribus consiliis praepositurum,
was selfevident, Liv. 22, 38, 13:ad id quod sua sponte satis collectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
id. 3, 62, 1:secutum tamen sua sponte est ut vilior ob ea regi Hannibal et suspectior fieret,
id. 35, 14, 4. —With subject-acc. as antecedent:4.hanc dicam Athenis advenisse cum aliquo amatore suo, Plant. Mil. 2, 2, 86: doceo gratissimum esse in sua tribu Plancium,
Cic. Planc. 19, 47:cupio eum suae causae confidere,
id. Sest. 64, 135:suspicari debuit (Milo), eum (Clodium) ad villam suam (Clodii) deversurum,
id. Mil. 19, 51: Medeam praedicant in fuga fratris sui membra dissipavisse, id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:(dixit) Caesarem pro sua dignitate debere et studium et iracundiam suam reipublicae dimittere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—With object-acc. as antecedent.(α).Suus being an adjunct of the subject (generally rendered in Engl. by a pass. constr.):(β).hunc pater suus de templo deduxit,
he was taken from the temple by his father, Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52:hunc sui cives e civitate ejecerunt,
id. Sest. 68, 142:Alexandrum uxor sua... occidit,
id. Inv. 2, 49, 144:illum ulciscentur mores sui,
id. Att. 9, 12, 2:quodsi quem natura sua... forte deficiet,
id. Or. 1, 14:utrumque regem sua multitudo consalutaverat,
Liv. 1, 7, 1:quas (urbes) sua virtus ac dii juvent, magnas sibi opes facere,
id. 1, 9, 3; 1, 7, 15; 6, 33, 5:quos nec sua conscientia impulerit, nec, etc.,
id. 26, 33, 3; 25, 14, 7:consulem C. Marium servus suus interemit,
Val. Max. 6, 8, 2:quis non Vedium Pollionem pejus oderat quam servi sui?
Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2:sera dies sit qua illum gens sua caelo adserat,
id. Cons. Poll. 12 (31), 5.—With the antecedent understood from the principal sentence:ita forma simili pueri ut mater sua internoscere (sc. eos) non posset,
Plaut. Men. prol. 19; and with suus as adjunct both of the subject and of the antecedent: jubet salvere suos vir uxorem suam, id. merc. 4, 3, 11. —With impers. verbs:(γ).sunt homines, quos libidinis infamiaeque suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,
Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:video fore ut inimicos tuos poeniteat intemperantiae suae,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:si Caesarem beneficii sui poeniteret,
id. Lig. 10, 29; so id. Agr. 2, 11, 26:jam ne nobilitatis quidem suae plebejos poenitere,
Liv. 10, 7, 8:militem jam minus virtutis poenitere suae,
id. 22, 12, 10.—As adjunct of other members of the sentence:5.ad parentes suos ducas Silenium,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86. nam is illius filiam conicit in navem clam matrem suam (i.e. filiae), id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:eosdem ad quaestoris sui aut imperatoris, aut commilitonum suorum pericula impulistis,
Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 34:totum enim ex sua patria sustulisti,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 127; id. Or. 3, 32, 126: quem (Hammonium) tibi etiam suo nomine ( on his own account) commendo... itaque peto a te ut ejus procuratorem et ipsum suo nomine diligas, id. Fam. 13, 21, 2:Caesar Fabium in sua remittit hiberna,
Caes. B. G. 5, 33; id. B. C. 3, 24:introire ad Ciceronem, et domi suae imparatum confodere,
Sall. C. 28, 1:suis flammis delete Fidenas,
i. e. the flames kindled by the Fidenates, Liv. 4, 33, 5:suo igni involvit hostes,
Tac. A. 14, 30:quid Caesarem in sua fata inmisit?
Sen. Ep. 94, 65; id. Q. N. 1, praef. 7; cf.with antecedent supplied from preceding sentence: non destiti rogare et petere (sc. Brutum) mea causa, suadere et hortari sua,
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7.—With dat. as antecedent.(α).As adjunct of subject (cf. 4. supra):(β).suus rex reginae placet,
a queen likes her own king, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 76:ei nunc alia ducenda'st domum, sua cognata Lemniensis,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 101:Autronio nonne sodales, non collegae sui... defuerunt?
Cic. Sull. 2, 7:si ceteris facta sua recte prosunt,
id. Cat. 3, 12, 27:cui non magistri sui atque doctores, cui non... locus ipse... in mente versetur?
id. Planc. 33, 81:haec omnia plane... Siculis erepta sunt: primum suae leges, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33:Romanis multitudo sua auxit animum,
Liv. 21, 50, 4:sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet,
id. 42, 50, 7:Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita,
id. 8, 14, 2:vilitas sua illis detrahit pretium,
Sen. Ben. 4, 29, 2:nemo est cui felicitas sua satisfaciat,
id. Ep. 115, 17:labor illi suus restitutus est,
id. Brev. Vit. 20, 3:magnitudo sua singulis constat,
id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10:tantum sapienti sua, quantum Dec omnis aetas patet,
id. Ep. 53, 11. —With antecedent supplied from principal sentence: mater quod suasit sua Adulescens mulier fecit, i.e. ei,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 38.—Of other words:6.regique Thebano regnum stabilivit suum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 40:mittam hodie huic suo die natali malam rem magnam,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 5:ego Metello non irascor, neque ei suam vacationem eripio,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:desinant insidiari domui suae consuli,
id. Cat. 1, 13, 32:quibus ea res honori fuerit a suis civibus,
id. Mil. 35, 96: Scipio suas res Syracusanis restituit, Liv. [p. 1824] 29, 1, 17:nos non suas (leges Lacedaemoniis arbitror) ademisse, sed nostras leges dedisse,
id. 39, 37, 6:Graccho et Tuditano provinciae Lucani et Galliae cum suis exercitibus prorogatae,
id. 25, 3, 5.—With gen., abl., or object of a prep. as antecedent:7.nec illius animi aciem praestringit splendor sui nominis,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43:nolite a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae domesticum et suum consulem avellere,
id. Mur. 41, 90:quamvis tu magna mihi scripseris de Bruti adventu ad suas legiones,
id. Att. 14, 13, 12:suae legis ad scriptum ipsam quoque sententiam adjungere,
the meaning of their law to which they refer, id. Inv. 2, 49, 147:cum ambitio alterius suam primum apud eos majestatem solvisset,
Liv. 22, 42, 12:nunc causam instituendorum ludorum ab origine sua repetam,
Val. Max. 2, 4, 4:Jubam in regno suo non locorum notitia adjuvet, non popularium pro rege suo virtus,
Sen. Ep. 71, 10; id. Ben. 7, 6, 3; id. Clem. 1, 3, 4.—Esp. with cujusque as antecedent:in qua deliberatione ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 119 (v. II. D. 2. infra).— Abl.:operam dare ut sua lex ipso scripto videatur niti,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 147 (cf. supra):(Caesar reperiebat) ad Galbam propter justitiam prudentiamque suam totius belli summam deferri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:credere, ad suum concilium a Jove deos advocari,
Sen. Q. N. 2, 42, 1.—With predic. nom. as antecedent:8.sapientissimi artis suae professores sunt a quibus et propria studia verecunde et aliena callide administrantur,
Val. Max. 8, 12, 1.—With appositive noun.(α).With gram. subject as antecedent:(β).hoc Anaximandro, populari ac sodali suo, non persuasit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:vidit fortissimum virum, inimicissimum suum,
id. Mil. 9, 25:(hic) fuit in Creta contubernalis Saturnini, propinqui sui,
id. Planc. 11, 27:ut non per L. Crassum, adfinem suum... causam illam defenderit,
id. Balb. 21, 49:ne cum hoc T. Broccho, avunculo, ne cum ejus filio, consobrino suo, ne nobiscum vivat,
id. Lig. 4, 11:Caesar mittit ad eum A. Clodium, suum atque illius familiarem,
Caes. B. C. 3, 57.—With object as antecedent:(γ).Dicaearchum cum Aristoxeno, aequali et condiscipulo suo, omittamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 41:tres fratres optimos, non solum sibi ipsos, neque nobis, necessariis suis, sed etiam rei publicae condonavit,
id. Lig. 12, 36:Varroni, quem, sui generis hominem,... vulgus extrahere ad consulatum nitebatur,
Liv. 22, 34, 2.—With appositive noun as antecedent:9.si P. Scipionem, clarissimum virum, majorumque suorum simillimum res publica tenere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29:M. Fabi Ambusti, potentis viri cum inter sui corporis homines, tum ad plebem, etc.,
Liv. 6, 34, 5:C. vero Fabricii, et Q. Aemilii Papi, principum saeculi sui, domibus argentum fuisse confitear oportet,
Val. Max. 4, 4, 3.—In participial clauses.(α).The antecedent being the logical subject of the participle, and other than the principal subject:(β).credamus igitur Panaetio, a Platone suo dissentienti ( = qui dissentiebat),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:ea Sex. Roscium, expulsum ex suis bonis, recepit domum,
id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:diffidentemque rebus suis confirmavit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23:Dejotarum ad me venientem cum omnibus copiis suis, certiorem feci, etc.,
id. Fam. 15, 4, 7; id. Cat. 4, 9, 18: si hominis et suis et populi Romani ornamentis amplissimi ( being greatly distinguished) causam repudiassem, id. Mur. 4, 8:stupentes tribunos et suam jam vicem magis anxios quam, etc., liberavit consensus populi Romani,
Liv. 8, 35, 1; 22, 42, 8:manet in folio scripta querela suo ( = quam scripsit),
Ov. F. 5, 224; cf. in abl. absol.:et ipsis (hostibus) regressis in castra sua,
Liv. 22, 60, 9:quibus (speculis) si unum ostenderis hominem, populus adparet, unaquaque parte faciem exprimente sua,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 5.—The logical subject of the participle, being also the principal subject:(γ).sic a suis legionibus condemnatus irrupit in Galliam,
Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 21:hunc agrum patres nostri, acceptum a majoribus suis ( = quem acceperant), perdiderunt,
id. Agr. 2, 31, 84:ut in suis ordinibus dispositi dispersos adorirentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 92: Appius, odium in se aliorum suo in eos metiens odio, haud ignaro, inquit, imminet fortuna, Liv. 3, 54, 3:ipsa capit Condita in pharetra ( = quae condiderat) tela minora sua,
Ov. F. 2, 326; cf. in abl. absol.:Sopater, expositis suis difficultatibus ( = cum exposuisset, etc.): Timarchidem... perducit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 69:Caesar, primum suo deinde omnium ex conspectu remotis equis, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25:Campani, audita sua pariter sociorumque clade, legatos ad Hannibalem miserunt,
Liv. 25, 15, 1:(Appius) deposito suo magistratu... domum est reductus,
id. 4, 24, 7; 3, 35, 9; 9, 10, 13; 9, 41, 9.—The antecedent being the principal subject, not the logical subject of the participle:10.M. Papirius dicitur Gallo, barbam suam (i.e. Papirii) permulcenti,... iram movisse,
Liv. 5, 41, 9: cum Gracchus, verecundia deserendi socios, implorantis fidem suam populique Romani, substitisset. id. 23, 36, 8; cf. in abl. absol.:si sine maximo dedecore, tam impeditis suis rebus, potuisset emori,
Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 29; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Planc. 21, 51; id. Clu. 14, 42:ita (consul) proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, haudquaquam tamen incruento milite suo (consulis),
Liv. 8, 29, 12; cf.with antecedent to be supplied: Campani, cum, robore juventutis suae acciso, nulla (sc. eis) propinqua spes esset, etc.,
id. 7, 29, 7.—In gerund. construction. ( a) With subject as antecedent:(β).mihi ipsa Roma ad complectendum conservatorem suum progredi visa est,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52.—With object, the logical subjects of the gerund as antecedent:(γ).cur iis persequendi juris sui... adimis potestatem?
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21:si senatui doloris sui de me declarandi potestas esset erepta,
id. Sest. 23, 51:nec tribunis plebis (spatium datur) sui periculi deprecandi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—With antecedent dependent on the gerund:11.eamque rem illi putant a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19.—As adjunct of a noun dependent on a subjectinf., with its logical subject as antecedent:B. 1.magnum Miloni fuit, conficere illam pestem nulla sua invidia?
Cic. Mil. 15, 40:neque enim fuit Gabinii, remittere tantum de suo nec regis, imponere tantum plus suis,
his claim, id. Rab. Post. 11, 31:Piso, cui fructum pietatis suae neque ex me neque a populo Romano ferre licuit,
id. Sest. 31, 68:ei cujus magis intersit, vel sua, vel rei publicae causa vivere,
id. Off. 3, 23, 90:sapientis est consilium explicare suum de maximis rebus,
id. Or. 2, 81, 333; id. Mil. 15, 41.—With logical subject understood:totam Italiam suis colonis ut complere (sc. eis) liceat, permittitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34:maximum (sc. eis) solacium erit, propinquorum eodem monumento declarari, et virtutem suorum, et populi Romani pietatem,
id. Phil. 14, 13, 35.Dependent on subject-inff.:2.ejusdem animi est, posteris suis amplitudinem nobis quam non acceperit tradere, et memoriam prope intermortuam generis sui, virtute renovare,
Cic. Mur. 7, 16:siquidem atrocius est, patriae parentem quam suum occidere,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:miliens perire est melius quam in sua civitate sine armorum praesidio non posse vivere,
id. ib. 2, 44, 112: quanto est honestius, alienis injuriis quam suis commoveri, one ' s own, id. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169:contentum suis rebus esse maximae sunt certissimaeque divitiae,
id. Par. 6, 51:ut non liceat sui commodi causa nocere alteri,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23:detrahere de altero sui commodi causa,
id. ib. 3, 5, 24:suis exemplis melius est uti,
Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2:levius est sua decreta tollere quam aliorum,
Liv. 3, 21. 5; 39, 5, 2;29, 37, 11: satius est vitae suae rationes quam frumenti publici nosse,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 3:quanto satius est sua mala exstinguere quam aliena posteris tradere?
id. Q. N. 3, praef. 5:cum initia beneficiorum suorum spectare, tum etiam exitus decet,
id. Ben. 2, 14, 2; 3, 1, 5:Romani nominis gloriae, non suae, composuisse illa decuit,
Plin. 1, prooem. § 16.—With 1 st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent: cum possimus ab Ennio sumere... exemplum, videtur esse arrogantia illa relinquere, et ad sua devenire, to one ' s own = to our own, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2.—Without a subject-inf.:C.omnia torquenda sunt ad commodum suae causae... sua diligenter narrando,
Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30: ut in ceteris habenda ratio non sua (al. sui) solum, sed etiam aliorum, id. Off. 1, 39, 139:erat Dareo mite ac tractabile ingenium, nisi suam naturam plerumque fortuna corrumperet (suam not referring to Dareo),
Curt. 3, 2, 17 MSS. (Foss, mansuetam). — With 1 st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent (cf. 1. supra):non erit ista amicitia sed mercatura quaedam utilitatum suarum,
Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122; cf.: pro suo possidere, II. A. 2. a. g; and Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73, II. A. 2. b. a; cf. also II. B. 1. a; II. B. 5. c.; II. B. 7. b.; II. C. 8. b. b infra.With antec. in a previous sentence. Here ejus, eorum, earum are used for his, her, their, unless the clause is oblique in regard to the antecedent, i. e. the antecedent is conceived as the author of the statement.1.In clauses dependent on a verbum sentiendi or dicendi, expressed or understood, referring to the grammatical or logical subject of the verb.a.In infinitive clauses:b.(Clodius) Caesaris potentiam suam potentiam esse dicebat,
Cic. Mil. 32, 88:(Caelius) a sua (causa) putat ejus (i.e. Ascitii) esse sejunctam,
id. Cael. 10, 24:ipsos certo scio non negare ad haec bona Chrysogonum accessisse impulsu suo (referring to ipsos),
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:hostes viderunt,... suorum tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire,
Caes. B. C. 2, 16:docent, sui judicii rem non esse,
id. ib. 1, 13.—The reference of suus may be ambiguous, esp. if an infinitive is dependent on another:hoc Verrem dicere ajebant, te... opera sua consulem factum, i.e. Verris, though grammatically it might refer to the subj. of aiebant,
Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29:(Ariovistus) dixit neminem secum sine sua pernicie contendisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 36; cf. the context with, in all, eleven reflexive pronouns referring to four different antecedents (populus Romanus, Ariovistus, Caesar, nemo); cf.also: occurrebat ei, mancam praeturam suam futuram consule Milone,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25; 32, 88; Liv. 3, 42, 2.—Suus in a clause dependent on inf.:c.scio equidem, ut, qui argentum afferret atque expressam imaginem suam (i.e. militis) huc ad nos, cum eo ajebat velle mitti mulierem,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 55:isti bonorum emptores arbitrantur, vos hic sedere qui excipiatis eos qui de suis (i.e. emptorum) manibus effugerint,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:Siculi venisse tempus ajebant ut commoda sua defenderem,
id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3:ut tunc tandem sentiret recuperanda esse quae prius sua culpa amissa forent,
Liv. 44, 8, 4. —Ambiguous: velle Pompejum se Caesari purgatum, ne ea quae reipublicae causa egerit (Pompejus) in suam (i.e. Caesaris) contumeliam vertat (where suam might be referred to Pompejus),
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—In oblique clauses introduced by ut or ne, or clauses subordinate to such:d.Cassius constituit ut ludi absente te fierent suo nomine,
Cic. Att. 15, 11, 2:postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam tam nefariam adjutores vos profiteamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:Nasidius eos magnopere hortatur ut rursus cum Bruti classe, additis suis (i.e. Nasidii) auxiliis confligant,
Caes. B. C. 2, 3:(regem) denuntiasse sibi ut triduo regni sui decederent finibus,
Liv. 42, 25, 12:Sabinae mulieres, hinc patres, hinc viros orantes, ne parricidio macularent partus suos (i.e. mulierum),
id. 1, 13, 2:Patron praecepit suis ut arma induerent, ad omne imperium suum parati,
Curt. 5, 11, 1.—With reflex. pron., referring to a different antecedent:ad hanc (Laidem) Demosthenes clanculum adit, et ut sibi copiam sui faceret, petit,
Gell. 1, 8, 5. —In subordinate clauses introduced by quin or quod:e.(Dejotarus) non recusat quin id suum facinus judices,
Cic. Deiot. 15, 43; so id. ib. 4, 15;16, 45: parietes hujus curiae tibi gratias agere gestiunt, quod futura sit illa auctoritas in his majorum suorum et suis sedibus,
id. Marcell. 3, 10:quidni gauderet quod iram suam nemo sentiret?
Sen. Troad. 3, 13:querenti quod uxor sua e fico se suspendisset,
Quint. 6, 3, 88;and with intentional ambiguity: cum Proculejus quereretur de filio quod is mortem suam expectaret,
id. 9, 3, 68. —In interrogative clauses:2.si, quod officii sui sit, non occurrit animo, nihil umquam omnino aget,
Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 25:ut non auderet iterum dicere quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
id. Caecin. 10, [p. 1825] 28:donec sciat unisquisque quid sui, quid alieni sit,
Liv. 6, 27, 8:rex ignarus, quae cum Hannibale legatis suis convenisset, quaeque legati ejus ad se allaturi fuissent,
id. 23, 39, 2:postquam animadvertit quantus agminis sui terror esset,
id. 43, 19, 5. —In a virtually oblique clause.a.In final clause, introduced by ut, ne, or rel., referring to the subject of the purpose:b.me a portu praemisit domum, ut haec nuntiem uxori suae,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 41:quasi Appius ille Caecus viam muniverit, non qua populus uteretur, sed ubi impune sui posteri latrocinarentur, i. e. Appii,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:quae gens ad Caesarem legatos mise. rat, ut suis omnibus facultatibus uteretur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 80:inde castra movent, ne qua vis sociis suis ab Romano exercitu inferri possit,
Liv. 43, 23, 5:(Romani) Albam a fundamentis proruerunt, ne memoria originum suarum exstaret,
id. 26, 13, 16:oppidani nuntios Romam, qui certiorem de suo casu senatum facerent, misere,
id. 6, 33, 7; cf.:tanto intervallo ab hostibus consedit, ut nec adventus suus propinquitate nimia nosci posset, et, etc.,
Liv. 10, 20, 7:Datames locum delegit talem ut non multum obesse multitudo hostium suae paucitati posset,
Nep. Dat. 7, 3:quid si gubernator a diis procellas petat ut gratior ars sua periculo fiat?
Sen. Ben. 6, 25, 4. —In other dependent clauses represented as conceived by an antecedent in the principal sentence:D.Sulla, si sibi suus pudor ac dignitas non prodesset, nullum auxilium requisivit ( = negavit se defendi velle, si, etc.),
Cic. Sull. 5, 15:Paetus omnes libros quos frater suus reliquisset mihi donavit ( = dixit se donare libros quos, etc.),
id. Att. 2, 1, 12:non enim a te emit, sed, priusquam tu suum sibi venderes, ipse possedit ( = potitus est, ne, etc.),
id. Phil. 2, 37, 96:Africanus, si sua res ageretur, testimonium non diceret,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 3:ille ipse (Pompejus) proposuit epistulam illam, in qua est Pro tuis rebus gestis amplissimis. Amplioribusne quam suis, quam Africani?
id. Att. 8, 9, 2:spiritus dabat (Manlio) quod... vinculorum suorum invidiam dictator fugisset,
Liv. 6, 18, 4:(Numa) Camenis eum lucum sacravit, quod earum ibi concilia cum conjuge sua Egeria essent,
id. 1, 21, 3:adulescens deos omnis invocare ad gratiam illi pro se referendam, quoniam sibi nequaquam satis facultatis pro suo animo atque illius erga se esset,
id. 26, 50, 4 (cf. D. 1. a. infra).In the place of ejus.1.In clauses virtually oblique, but with indicative, being conceived by the antecedent (hence suus, not ejus), but asserted as fact by the author (hence indicative, not subjunctive):2.Cicero tibi mandat ut Aristodemo idem respondeas, quod de fratre suo (Ciceronis) respondisti,
Cic. Att. 2, 7, 4:oriundi ab Sabinis, ne, quia post Tatii mortem ab sua parte non erat regnatum, imperium amitterent, sui corporis creari regem volebant,
Liv. 1, 17, 2:C. Caesar villam pulcherrimam, quia mater sua aliquando in illa custodita erat, diruit,
Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 5:Philemonem, a manu servum, qui necem suam per venenum inimicis promiserat, non gravius quam simplici morte punivit,
Suet. Caes. 74; cf.:quomodo excandescunt si quid e juba sua decisum est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 3.—To avoid ambiguity:3.petunt rationes illius (Catilinae) ut orbetur consilio res publica, ut minuatur contra suum (i.e. Catilinae) furorem imperatorum copia (instead of ejus, which might be referred to res publica),
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:equites a cornibus positos, cum jam pelleretur media peditum suorum acies, incurrisse ab lateribus ferunt,
Liv. 1, 37, 3.—Colloquially and in epistolary style suus is used emphatically instead of ejus, with the meaning own, peculiar: deinde ille actutum subferret suus servus poenas Sosia, his own slave (opp. Mercury, who personates Sosias), Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 19: mira erant in civitatibus ipsorum furta Graecorum quae magistratus sui fecerant, their own magistrates ( = ipsorum), Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5:4.in quibus (litteris Bruti) unum alienum summa sua prudentia (est), ut spectem ludos suos,
his peculiar prudence, id. ib. 15, 26, 1; so,quod quidem ille (Nero) decernebat, quorumdam dolo ad omina sui exitus vertebatur,
Tac. A. 16, 24; cf. II. A. 1. b and g; II. A. 2. a. b; II. B. 3.—Without particular emphasis (mostly ante- and post-class. and poet.):II.tum erit tempestiva cum semen suum maturum erit,
Cato, R. R. 31:vitis si macra erit, sarmenta sua concidito minute,
id. ib. 37:qui sic purgatus erit, diuturna valetudine utatur, neque ullus morbus veniet, nisi sua culpa,
id. ib. 157:Cimon in eandem invidiam incidit quam pater suus,
Nep. Cim. 3, 1:id qua ratione consecutus sit (Lysander) latet. Non enim virtute sui exercitus factum est, etc.,
id. Lys. 1, 2:ipse sub Esquiliis, ubi erat regia sua, Concidit,
Ov. F. 6, 601:quodque suus conjux riguo collegerat horto, Truncat olus foliis,
id. M. 8, 646; so id. ib. 15, 819.In partic.A.As substt.1.sui, suorum, m., his, their (etc.) friends, soldiers, fellow-beings, equals, adherents, followers, partisans, posterity, slaves, family, etc., of persons in any near connection with the antecedent.(α).(Corresp. to the regular usage, I. A. B. C.) Cupio abducere ut reddam (i.e. eam) suis, to her family, friends, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 77; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 66:(β).cum animus societatem caritatis coierit cum suis, omnesque natura conjunctos suos duxerit,
fellow-beings, Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 60:mulier ingeniosa praecepit suis omnia Caelio pollicerentur,
her slaves, id. Cael. 25, 62:quo facilius et nostras domos obire, et ipse a suis coli possit,
his friends, id. ib. 7, 18:qua gratiam beneficii vestri cum suorum laude conjungant,
their family, id. Agr. 2, 1, 1:vellem hanc contemptionem pecuniae suis reliquisset,
to his posterity, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16:cum divisurum se urbem palam suis polliceretur,
his partisans, id. ib. 13, 9, 19:Caesar, cohortatus suos, proelium commisit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25; so,Curio exercitum reduxit, suis omnibus praeter Fabium incolumibus,
id. B. C. 2, 35:Caesar receptui suorum timens,
id. ib. 3, 46:certior ab suis factus est, praeclusas esse portas,
id. ib. 2, 20:omnium suorum consensu, Curio bellum ducere parabat,
id. ib. 2, 37: so,Pompejus suorum omnium hortatu statuerat proelio decertare,
id. ib. 3, 86:Caesar Brundisium ad suos severius scripsit,
to his officers, id. ib. 3, 25:naviculam conscendit cum paucis suis,
a few of his followers, id. ib. 3, 104:multum cum suis consiliandi causa secreto praeter consuetudinem loqueretur,
id. ib. 1, 19:nupsit Melino, adulescenti inprimis inter suos et honesto et nobili,
his equals, associates, Cic. Clu. 5, 11:rex raptim a suis in equum impositus fugit,
his suite, Liv. 41, 4, 7:subsidio suorum proelium restituere,
comrades, id. 21, 52, 10:feras bestias... ad opem suis ferendam avertas,
their young, id. 26, 13, 12:abstulit sibi in suos potestatem,
his slaves, Sen. Ira, 3, 12, 6:Besso et Nabarzani nuntiaverant sui regem... interemptum esse,
their fellow - conspirators, Curt. 5, 12, 14. — Very rarely sing.:ut bona mens suis omnibus fuerit. Si quem libido abripuit, illorum eum, cum quibus conjuravit, non suum judicet esse,
Liv. 39, 16, 5.—Irregular use (acc. to I. D.): sui = ejus amici, etc. (freq.;(γ).the absolute use of ejus in this sense being inadmissible): quasi vero quisquam dormiat? ne sui quidem hoc velint, non modo ipse (sui = ejus amici, liberi),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:is (annus) ejus omnem spem... morte pervertit. Fuit hoc luctuosum suis, acerbum patriae, etc.,
id. Or. 3, 2, 8:quadrigas, quia per suos ( = ipsius milites) agendae erant, in prima acie locaverat rex,
Liv. 37, 41, 8:auctoritatem Pisistrati qui inter suos ( = ejus cives) maxima erat,
id. 37, 12:quo cum multitudine adversariorum sui superarentur, ipse fuit superior, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 4; v. g.—Without antecedent (cf. I. B. supra): quoties necesse est fallere aut falli a suis, by one ' s friends, Sen. Phoen. 493.—(δ).Sing.: sŭa, suae. f., a sweetheart, mistress (rare): illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit. Cic. Phil. 2, 28. 69:2. a.cedo quid hic faciet sua?
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 92.—Sing.(α).Lit.:(β).nec suom adimerem alteri,
his property, his own, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 38 (34):nunc si ille salvos revenit, reddam suom sibi (v. D. 3. a. infra),
id. ib. 1, 2, 119:illum studeo quam facillime ad suum pervenire,
Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 4:populi Romani hanc esse consuetudinem ut socios sui nihil deperdere velit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43; cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 3, I. A. 11. supra:nec donare illi de suo dicimur,
Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 2; so esp. with quisque; v. infra — Hence, de suo = per se, or sua sponte;(stellae) quae per igneos tractus labentia inde splendorem trahant caloremque, non de suo clara,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 6. —Trop.:(γ).meum mihi placebat, illi suum (of a literary essay),
Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: suom quemque decet, his own manners, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 11; so, expendere oportet quid quisque habeat sui ( what peculiarities) nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant;id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113.—Jurid. term: aliquid pro suo possidere, to possess in the belief of one ' s legal right:b.pro suo possessio tale est, cum dominium nobis acquiri putamus. Et ea causa possidemus ex qua acquiritur, et praeterea pro suo,
Dig. 41, 10, 1;so without an antecedent, and referring to a first person: item re donata, pro donato et pro suo possideo,
ib. 41, 10, 1; v. the whole tit. ib. 42, 10 (Pro suo); cf. ib. 23, 3, 67; cf. C., infra fin.;similarly: usucapere pro suo = acquire dominion by a possession pro suo, Fragm. Vat. 111: res pro suo, quod justam causam possidendi habet, usucapit,
id. ib. 260; Dig. 41, 3, 27. —Plur.(α).One ' s property:(β).Roscius tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 146:qui etiam hostibus externis victis sua saepissime reddiderunt,
id. Agr. 1, 6, 19:tu autem vicinis tuis Massiliensibus sua reddis,
id. Att. 14, 14, 6:Remi legatos miserunt qui dicerent se suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem populi Romani permittere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 2; 1, 11, 2; 2, 13, 2:ipsi milites alveos informes quibus se suaque transveherent, faciebant,
their baggage, Liv. 21, 26, 9:docere eos qui sua permisere fortunae,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. 7; so without an antecedent, one ' s own property (cf. I. B. 2. supra):hanc ob causam maxime ut sua tenerentur res publicae constitutae sunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73;rarely = eorum res: quod vero etiam sua reddiderint (i.e. Gallis),
Liv. 39, 55, 3. —One ' s own affairs:B.aliena ut melius videant et dijudicent Quam sua,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 96:cognoscunt... immobile agmen et sua quemque molientem,
Liv. 10, 20, 8:omnia ei hostium non secus quam sua nota erant,
id. 22, 41, 5:aliena cum suis perdidit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 3.— Absol., referring to a noun fem.: sua (finxit) C. Cassius ( = suas persuasiones; cf.the context),
Quint. 6, 3, 90.Predicative uses: suum esse, facere, fieri, putare, etc., like a gen. poss., to be, etc., the property, or under the dominion, control, power of the antecedent.1.Of property in things.(α).Corporeal:(γ).scripsit causam dicere Prius aurum quare sit suum,
Ter. Eun. prol. 11:nihil erat cujusquam quod non hoc anno suum fore putabat (Clodius),
Cic. Mil. 32, 87:quia suum cujusque fit, eorum quae natura fuerant communia quod cuique obtigit, id quisque teneat,
id. Off. 1, 7, 21:Juba suam esse praedicans praedam,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84:gratum sibi populum facturum, si omnes res Neapolitanorum suas duxissent,
Liv. 22, 32, 8: libros esse dicimus Ciceronis;eosdem Dorus librarius suos vocat,
Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 1:cum enim istarum personarum nihil suum esse possit,
since these persons can own nothing, Gai. Inst. 2, 96; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 15 pr.—Virtually predicative:referas ad eos qui suam rem nullam habent ( = rem quae sua sit),
nothing of their own, Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15:qui in potestate nostra est, nihil suum habere potest,
Gai. Inst. 2, 84. — ( b) Of literary works:quae convenere in Andriam ex Perinthia Fatetur transtulisse, atque usum pro suis ( = quasi sua essent),
Ter. And. prol. 14:potest autem... quae tum audiet... ingenue pro suis dicere,
his own thoughts, Quint. 12, 3, 3.—Of a country or people:(δ).suum facere = suae dicionis facere: commemorat ut (Caesar) magnam partem Italiae beneficio atque auctoritate eorum suam fecerit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32:in quam (Asiam) jam ex parte suam fecerit,
Liv. 44, 24, 4:crudelissima ac superbissima gens sua omnia suique arbitrii facit,
id. 21, 44, 5.—Trop.:2.omnia sua putavit quae vos vestra esse velletis,
Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 27:non meminit, illum exercitum senatus populique Romani esse, non suum,
id. ib. 13, 6, 4: [p. 1826] probavit, non rempublicam suam esse, sed se reipublicae, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 8;so of incorporeal things: hi si velint scire quam brevis eorum vita sit, cogitent ex quota parte sua sit,
how much of it is their own, id. Brev. Vit. 19, 3; so, suum facere, to appropriate:prudentis est, id quod in quoque optimum est, si possit, suum facere,
Quint. 10, 2, 26:quaeremus quomodo animus (hanc virtutem) usu suam faciat,
Sen. Clem. 1, 3, 1.—Of persons.(α).Under a master ' s or father ' s control:(β).ut lege caverent, ne quis quem civitatis mutandae causa suum faceret, neve alienaret,
make any one his slave, Liv. 41, 8, 12: quid eam tum? suamne esse ajebat, his daughter, i.e. in his power? Ter. And. 5, 4, 29:eduxit mater pro sua ( = quasi sua esset),
id. Eun. 1, 2, 76.—Reflexively = sui juris, independent, one ' s own master or mistress, not subject to another ' s control, under one ' s own control (v. sui juris, infra):(γ).ancilla, quae mea fuit hodie, sua nunc est,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 3.—Of moral power over others: suus = devoted to one:(δ).hice hoc munere arbitrantur Suam Thaidem esse,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38:eos hic fecit suos Paulo sumptu,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 21:sed istunc exora, ut (mulierem) suam esse adsimulet,
to be friendly to him, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 117:cum Antonio sic agens ut perspiciat, si in eo negotio nobis satisfecerit, totum me futurum suum,
Cic. Att. 14, 1 a, 2:Alpheus... utebatur populo sane suo,
devoted to him, id. Quint. 7, 29.— Poet.: vota suos habuere deos, the vows (inst. of the persons uttering them) had the gods on their side, Ov. M. 4, 373. —Of power over one's self, etc.:3.nam qui sciet ubi quidque positum sit, quaque eo veniat, is poterit eruere, semperque esse in disputando suus,
self-possessed, Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 10:inaestimabile bonum est suum fieri,
selfcontrol, Sen. Ep. 75, 18:(furiosus) qui suus non est,
Dig. 42, 4, 7, § 9:vix sua, vix sanae virgo Niseia compos Mentis erat,
Ov. M. 8, 35. —Suum est, as impers. predicate: = ejus est, characteristic of, peculiar to one (very rare):C.dixit antea, sed suum illud est, nihil ut affirmet,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99.Attributive usages, almost always (except in Seneca) with suus before its noun.1.The property, relations, affairs, etc., of one opposed to those of another, own.a.Opposition expressed:b.nihil de suo casu, multa de vestro querebatur,
Cic. Balb. 8, 21:sua sibi propiora pericula quam mea loquebantur,
id. Sest. 18, 40:suasque et imperatoris laudes canentes,
Liv. 45, 38, 12:damnatione collegae et sua,
id. 22, 35, 3:Senecae fratris morte pavidum et pro sua incolumitate pavidum,
Tac. A. 14, 73:velut pro Vitellio conquerentes suum dolorem proferebant,
id. H. 3, 37;opp. alienus: ut suo potius tempore mercatorem admitterent, quam celerius alieno,
at a time convenient to themselves, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11. —Without antecedent, opp. externus:(Platoni) duo placet esse motus, unum suum, alterum externum, esse autem divinius quod ipsum ex se sua sponte moveatur, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32. —Implied:c.voluptatem suis se finibus tenere jubeamus,
within the limits assigned to it, Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 1:cum vobis immortale monumentum suis paene manibus senatus... exstruxerit,
id. Phil. 14, 12, 33:superiores (amnes) in Italia, hic (Rhodanus) trans Alpes, hospitales suas tantum, nec largiores quam intulere aquas vehentes,
Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224: colligitur aqua ex imbribus;ex suo fonte nativa est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 3:pennas ambo non habuere suas (non suas = alienas),
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 24. —In particular phrases. ( a) Sua sponte and suo Marte, of one ' s own accord, by one ' s self, without the suggestion, influence, aid, etc., of others:(β).Caesar bellum contra Antonium sua sponte suscepit,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5:sua sponte ad Caesarem in jus adierunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 87.—So of things, = per se, by or of itself, for itself, for its own sake:jus et omne honestum sua sponte expetendum (cf. in the context: per se igitur jus est expetendum),
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: justitium sua sponte inceptum priusquam indiceretur, by itself, i. e. without a decree, Liv. 9, 7, 8; so,sortes sua sponte attenuatas,
id. 22, 1, 11 (cf. id. 22, 38, 13; 35, 14, 4, I. A. 2., supra): rex enim ipse, sua sponte, nullis commentariis Caesaris, simul atque audivit ejus interitum suo Marte res suas recuperavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—Suus locus, in milit. lang., one ' s own ground, position, or lines:(γ).restitit suo loco Romana acies (opp. to the advance of the enemy),
Liv. 22, 16, 2.—So figuratively:et staturas suo loco leges,
Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2:aciem instruxit primum suis locis, pauloque a castris Pompeji longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84 (cf.: suo loco, 7. b. g, infra).—For suo jure v. 3. infra.—(δ).Sua Venus = one's own Venus, i. e. good luck (v. Venus): ille non est mihi par virtutibus, nec officiis;2.sed habuit suam Venerem,
Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2. —Of private relations (opp. to public):3.ut in suis rebus, ita in re publica luxuriosus nepos,
Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48:deinde ut communibus pro communibus utatur, privatis ut suis,
id. Off. 1, 7, 20:quod oppidum Labienus sua pecunia exaedificaverat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 15:militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur,
i. e. his private property, id. ib. 1, 17; Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 3. —Of just rights or claims:4.imperatori senatuique honos suus redditus,
due to them, Liv. 3, 10, 3:neque inpedimento fuit, quominus religionibus suus tenor suaque observatio redderetur,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:quibus omnibus debetur suus decor,
Quint. 11, 1, 41. —So distributively: is mensibus suis dimisit legionem,
in the month in which each soldier was entitled to his discharge, Liv. 40, 41, 8. — Esp.: suo jure (so, meo, nostro, tuo, etc., jure), by his own right:Tullus Hostilius qui suo jure in porta nomen inscripsit,
Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 26:earum rerum hic A. Licinius fructum a me repetere prope suo jure debet,
id. Arch. 1, 1; id. Marcell. 2, 6; id. Phil. 2, 25, 62; id. Balb. 8, 21:numquam illum res publica suo jure esset ulta,
by its unquestionable right, id. Mil. 33, 88. —Of that to which one is exclusively devoted:5. a.huic quaestioni suum diem dabimus,
a day for its exclusive discussion, Sen. Ep. 94, 52:homini autem suum bonum ratio est,
his exclusive good, id. ib. 76, 10:in majorem me quaestionem vocas, cui suus locus, suus dies dandus est,
id. Q. N. 2, 46, 1. —With proprius: mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem suo proprio magistratu egere,
that the business needed a particular officer exclusively for itself, Liv. 4, 8, 4:et Hannibalem suo proprio occupandum bello,
id. 27, 38, 7; cf.:dissupasset hostes, ni suo proprio eum proelio equites Volscorum exceptum tenuissent,
in which they alone fought, id. 3, 70, 4:mare habet suas venas quibus impletur,
by which it alone is fed, Sen. Q. N. 3, 14, 3. —Of persons, devoted to one, friendly, dear:b.Milone occiso (Clodius) habuisset suos consules,
after his own heart, Cic. Mil. 33, 89:collegit ipse se contra suum Clodium,
his dear Clodius, id. Pis. 12, 27 (cf.: suum facere, habere, II. B. 2. g).—Of things, favorable.(α).Of place: neque Jugurtham nisi... suo loco pugnam facere, on his own ground, i. e. chosen by him, favorable, Sall. J. 61, 1:(β).hic magna auxilia expectabant et suis locis bellum in hiemem ducere cogitabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 61; cf.:numquam nostris locis laboravimus,
Liv. 9, 19, 15.—Of time:c.cum Perseus suo maxime tempore et alieno hostibus incipere bellum posset,
Liv. 42, 43, 3; v. 7. b, infra. —Of circumstances: sua occasio, a favorable opportunity; sometimes without antecedent:6.neque occasioni tuae desis, neque suam occasionem hosti des,
Liv. 22, 39, 21:tantum abfuit ut ex incommodo alieno sua occasio peteretur,
id. 4, 58, 2:aestuque suo Locros trajecit,
a favorable tide, id. 23, 41, 11:ignoranti quem portum petat nullus suus ventus est,
Sen. Ep. 71, 3:orba suis essent etiamnunc lintea ventis,
Ov. M. 13, 195:aut ille Ventis iturus non suis,
Hor. Epod. 9, 30. —Of persons or things, peculiar, particular:7.quae est ei (animo) natura? Propria, puto, et sua,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:omnis enim motus animi suum quendam a natura habet vultum,
id. de Or. 3, 57, 316:geometrae et musici... more quodam loquuntur suo. Ipsae rhetorum artes verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur ac suis,
id. Fin. 3, 1, 4:sensus omnis habet suum finem,
its peculiar limits, Quint. 9, 4, 61: animus cum suum ambitum complevit et finibus se suis cinxit, consummatum est summum bonum, Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 3: est etiam in nominibus ( nouns) diverso collocatis sua gratia, their peculiar elegance, Quint. 9, 3, 86:ibi non bello aperto, sed suis artibus, fraude et insidiis, est paene circumventus,
Liv. 21, 34, 1:nec Hannibalem fefellit, suis se artibus peti,
id. 22, 16, 5:adversus hostem non virtute tantum, sed suis (i. e. hostis) etiam pugnare consiliis oportebat,
Flor. 2, 6, 26:liberam Minucii temeritatem se suo modo expleturum,
Liv. 22, 28, 2:equites ovantes sui moris carmine,
id. 10, 26, 11:exsultans cum sui moris tripudiis,
id. 21, 42, 3:tripudiantes suo more,
id. 23, 26, 9.—So, suo Marte, referring to the style of fighting peculiar to the different arms:equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare,
that the cavalry were fighting both in their own style and in that of the other arms, Liv. 3, 62, 9; cf.: suo Marte, 1, c. a, supra.—And distributively ( = suus quisque):suos autem haec operum genera ut auctores, sic etiam amatores habent,
Quint. 12, 10, 2:illa vero fatidica fulmina ex alto et ex suis venire sideribus,
Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 113; cf.:quae quidem planiora suis exemplis reddentur,
Val. Max. 3, 4 prooem.—Proper, right.a.Referring to one's ordinary or normal condition:b. (α).quod certe non fecisset, si suum numerum naves habuissent,
their regular complement, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133. — So poet.:flecte ratem! numerum non habet illa suum,
its full number, Ov. H. 10, 36:novus exercitus consulibus est decretus: binae legiones cum suo equitatu,
Liv. 40, 36, 6:cum suo justo equitatu,
id. 21, 17, 8:totam (disciplinam) in suum statum redegit,
Val. Max. 2, 7, 2:tranquilla mente et vultu suo,
with the ordinary expression of his face, Sen. Clem. 2, 6, 2:media pars aeris ab his (ignibus) submota, in frigore suo manet. Natura enim aeris gelida est,
id. Q. N. 2, 10, 4:cornuaque in patriis non sua vidit aquis,
not natural to her, Ov. H. 14, 90. —So, non suus, of ingrafted branches and their fruit: miraturque (arbos) novas frondis et non sua poma,
Verg. G. 2, 82. —The regular time ( = stato tempore):(β).signum quod semper tempore exoritur suo,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 4:cum et recte et suo tempore pepererit,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 16: aestas suo tempore incanduit...;tam solstitium quam aequinoctium suos dies retulit,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 3:omnes venti vicibus suis spirant majore ex parte,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128. —The right or proper time:(γ).salictum suo tempore caedito,
Cato, R. R. 33:cessit e vita suo magis quam suorum civium tempore,
the right time for himself, Cic. Brut. 1, 4; so,exstingui homini suo tempore optabile est,
id. Sen. 23, 85:Scandilius dicit se suo tempore rediturum,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 139:si Ardeates sua tempora exspectare velint,
Liv. 4, 7, 6:Chrysippus dicit, illum... opperiri debere suum tempus, ad quod velut dato signo prosiliat,
Sen. Ben. 2, 25, 3:quam multi exercitus tempore suo victorem hostem pepulerunt!
Liv. 44, 39, 4. — Without antecedent: sed suo tempore totius sceleris hujus fons aperietur. Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15; cf.:de ordine laudis, etc., praecipiemus suo tempore,
Quint. 2, 4, 21. —Suo loco = at the proper place:(δ).quae erant prudentiae propria suo loco dicta sunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 40, 143:quod reddetur suo loco,
Quint. 11, 1, 16:ut suo loco dicetur,
Plin. 2, 90, 102, § 221:inscripta quae suis locis reddam,
id. 1, prooem. § 27; Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2; cf. 1, c. b; 4. supra. —Suited, appropriate, adapted to one:8.in eodem fundo suum quidquid conseri oportet,
Cato, R. R. 7:siquidem hanc vendidero pretio suo,
at a suitable price, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 30:in partes suas digerenda causa,
Quint. 11, 1, 6:confundetur quidquid in suas partes natura digessit,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 29, 8. — Poet.: haec ego dumque queror, lacrimae sua verba sequuntur, Deque meis oculis in tua membra cadunt, appropriate, i. e. tristia, Ov. H. 14, 67.—Without antecedent: suum quidquid genus talearum serito, any fit kind, i. e. suited to the ground, Cato, R. R. 48. —Own, with the notion of independence of, or dependence on others (cf. B. 2. g d).a.Of political independence: pacem condicionibus his fecerunt ut Capuae suae leges, sui magistratus essent, her own laws, i. e. not subject to Carthage, Liv. 23, 7, 2: liberos [p. 1827] eos ac suis legibus victuros, id. 25, 23, 4. —b.Esp. in the phrases suae potestatis or in sua potestate esse, suo jure uti, sui juris esse: Puteolos, qui nunc in sua potestate sunt, suo jure, libertate aequa utuntur, totos occupabunt,
Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 86:Rhegini potestatis suae ad ultimum remanserunt,
retained their self-government, Liv. 23, 30, 9:urbem ne quam formulae sui juris facerent,
id. 38, 9, 10. —Of paternal authority.(α).Free from the power of the paterfamilias; in the phrases sui juris esse, suae potestatis esse, to be independent:(β).quaedam personae sui juris sunt, quaedam alieno juri sunt subjectae, Gai,
Inst. 1, 48:sui juris sunt familiarum suarum principes, id est pater familiae, itemque mater familiae,
Ulp. Fragm. 4, 1:liberi parentum potestate liberantur emancipatione. Sed filius quidem ter manumissus sui juris fit, ceteri autem liberi una manumissione sui juris fiunt,
id. ib. 10, 1:morte patris filius et filia sui juris fiunt,
id. ib. 10, 2:patres familiarum sunt qui sunt suae potestatis,
Dig. 1, 6, 4:si modo defunctus testator suae potestatis mortis tempore fuerit,
Gai. Inst. 2, 147. —With indef. reference: si sui juris sumus,
Dig. 46, 2, 20; cf.:pro suo possideo, 2. a. supra.—Attributively: sui juris arrogatio feminae,
Cod. Just. 8, 47, 8:homo sui juris,
ib. 10, § 5.— Trop.:sapiens numquam semiliber erit: integrae semper libertatis et sui juris,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 5, 3:non illarum coitu fieri cometen, sed proprium et sui juris esse,
id. Q. N. 7, 12, 2: nullique sunt tam feri et sui juris adfectus, ut non disciplina perdomentur, id. Ira, 2, 12, 3. —Subject to paternal authority, in the phrases suus heres, sui liberi; suus heres, an heir who had been in the paternal power of the deceased:D.CVI SVVS HERES NON SIT, XII. Tab. fr. 5, 4.—In the jurists without antecedent: sui et necessarii heredes sunt velut filius filiave, nepos neptisve ex filia, deinceps ceteri qui modo in potestate morientis fuerunt,
Gai. Inst. 2, 156:(emancipati liberi) non sunt sui heredes,
ib. 2, 135:alia facta est juris interpretatio inter suos heredes,
ib. 3, 15:datur patrono adversus suos heredes bonorum possessio (where patrono is not the antecedent of suos),
ib. 3, 41:sui heredes vel instituendi sunt vel exheredandi,
Ulp. Fragm. 22, 14:accrescunt suis quidem heredibus in partem virilem, extraneis autem in partem dimidiam,
id. ib. 22, 17. —Sui liberi, children in paternal power: de suis et legitimis liberis,
Cod. Just. 6, 55 inscr.In particular connections.1.With ipse, his own, etc. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696).a.Ipse agreeing with the antecedent of suus, the antecedent being,(α).A subjectnom.:(β).(ingenium ejus) valet ipsum suis viribus,
by its own strength, Cic. Cael. 19, 45:legio Martia non ipsa suis decretis hostem judicavit Antonium?
by its own resolutions, id. Phil. 4, 2, 5:ruit ipse suis cladibus,
id. ib. 14, 3, 8:si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,
id. de Or. 2, 2, 8:qui se ipse sua gravitate et castimonia defenderet,
id. Cael. 5, 11:quod ipse suae civitatis imperium obtenturus esset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3:suamet ipsae fraude omnes interierunt,
Liv. 8, 18, 9; 39, 49, 3:ut saeviret ipse in suum sanguinem effecerunt,
id. 40, 5, 1:respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,
id. 42, 52, 10; 21, 31, 12; 22, 38, 3; 6, 19, 6.—A subject-acc.:(γ).sunt qui dicant eam sua ipsam peremptam mercede,
Liv. 1, 11, 9:(tribuniciam potestatem) suis ipsam viribus dissolvi,
id. 2, 44, 2.—An object in dat. or acc.:b.sic ut ipsis consistendi in suis munitionibus locus non esset,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6:tribuni (hostem) intra suamet ipsum moenia compulere,
Liv. 6, 36, 4:alios sua ipsos invidia opportunos interemit,
id. 1, 54, 8; 22, 14, 13.—Suus as adjunct of subject (rare):aliquando sua praesidia in ipsos consurrexerunt,
their own garrisons revolted against them, Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 1.—With gen. of ipse, strengthening the possessive notion (cf. 4.;c.post-Aug. and very rare, but freq. in modern Lat.): aves (foetus suos) libero caelo suaeque ipsorum fiduciae permittunt,
Quint. 2, 6, 7 (but tuus ipsius occurs in Cic.:tuo ipsius studio,
Cic. Mur. 4, 9:tuam ipsius amicitiam,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7).—Both suus and ipse agreeing with the governing noun (very rare; not in Cic. or Caes.): quae tamen in ipso cursu suo dissipata est (= ipsa in cursu suo), in its very course, Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 3 dub.:2.suamet ipsa scelera,
Sall. C. 23, 2 (Dietsch ex conj. ipse):suismet ipsis corporibus,
Liv. 2, 19, 5 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. ipsi):a suismet ipsis praesidiis,
id. 8, 25, 6 MSS. (Weissenb. ipsi).—With quisque, distributively, each ( every one)... his own; in prose quisque is generally preceded by suus.a.Quisque and suus in different cases.(α).Quisque as subjectnom.:(β).sentit enim vim quisque suam quoad possit abuti,
Lucr. 5, 1033:suo quisque loco cubet,
Cato, R. R. 5:suum quisque noscat ingenium,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 114:ad suam quisque (me disciplinam) rapiet,
id. Ac. 2, 36, 114:quod suos quisque servos in tali re facere voluisset,
id. Mil. 10, 29:cum suo quisque auxilio uteretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 51:celeriter ad suos quisque ordines redit,
id. ib. 3, 37.—In apposition with plur. subj. (freq. in Liv.):nunc alii sensus quo pacto quisque suam rem Sentiat,
Lucr. 4, 522:ut omnes cives Romani in suis quisque centuriis prima luce adessent,
that all the Roman citizens should be present, each in his own centuria, Liv. 1, 44, 1:hinc senatus, hinc plebs, suum quisque intuentes ducem constiterant,
id. 6, 15, 3:ut (trigemini) pro sua quisque patria dimicent,
id. 1, 24, 2:stabant compositi suis quisque ordinibus,
id. 44, 38, 11:(consules) in suas quisque provincias proficiscuntur,
id. 25, 12, 2; 25, 26, 13:in suo quaeque (stella) motu naturam suam exercent,
Plin. 2, 39, 39, § 106.—With abl. absol.:omnes, velut dis auctoribus in spem suam quisque acceptis, proelium una voce poscunt,
Liv. 21, 45, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:relictis suis quisque stationibus... concurrerunt,
id. 32, 24, 4; 4, 44, 10; 39, 49, 3; 2, 38, 6.—With acc. of quisque as subj.:(γ).fabrum esse suae quemque fortunae, App. Claud. ap. Ps.-Sall. Ep. ad Caes. Rep. c. l.: sui quemque juris et retinendi et dimittendi esse dominum,
Cic. Balb. 13, 31:recipere se in domos suas quemque jussit,
Liv. 25, 10, 9; and (ungrammatically) nom., as apposition to a subj.-acc.:se non modo suam quisque patriam, sed totam Siciliam relicturos,
id. 26, 29, 3 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. quosque).—As adjunct of the subject-nom., with a case of quisque as object, attribut. gen., etc.:(δ).sua cujusque animantis natura est,
Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 25:sua quemque fraus, suum facinus, suum scelus, etc., de sanitate ac mente deturbat,
id. Pis. 20, 46:sua quemque fraus et suus terror maxime vexat,
id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:suum cuique incommodum ferendum est,
id. Off. 3, 6, 30:ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
id. Rab. Post. 17, 46:ne suus cuique domi hostis esset,
Liv. 3, 16, 3:ut sua cuique respublica in manu esset,
id. 26, 8, 11:animus suus cuique ordinem pugnandi dabat,
id. 22, 5, 8:tentorium suum cuique militi domus ac penates sunt,
id. 44, 39, 5:suus cuique (stellae) color est,
Plin. 2, 18, 16, § 79:trahit sua quemque voluptas,
Verg. E. 2, 65:stat sua cuique dies,
id. A. 10, 467.—As predicate-nom. (v. II. B.):(ε).opinionem, quae sua cuique conjectanti esse potest,
Liv. 6, 12, 3.—As adjunct of subj.-acc.:(ζ).suum cuique honorem et gradum redditum gaudeo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:scientiam autem suam cujusque artis esse,
id. Fin. 5, 9, 26.—As adjunct of an object, with a case of quisque as object or attribut. gen.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam: suum cuique amorem, mihi meum, Atil. Fragm. inc. 1: suom cuique per me uti atque frui licet, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24 (23), 1:b.ut suo quemque appellem nomine,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 52:placet Stoicis suo quamque rem nomine appellare,
Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1:ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,
id. Off. 1, 33, 119:justitia quae suum cuique distribuit,
id. N. D. 3, 15, 38:in tribuendo suum cuique,
id. Off. 1, 5, 14:Turnus sui cuique periculi recens erat documentum,
Liv. 1, 52, 4:in trimatu suo cuique dimidiam esse mensuram futurae certum esse,
Plin. 7, 15, 16, § 73:certa cuique rerum suarum possessio,
Vell. 2, 89, 4; cf.: qua re suum unicuique studium suaque omnibus delectatio relinquatur, Ps.-Cic. Cons. 26, 93.—With quemque in apposition with acc. plur.:Camillus vidit intentos opifices suo quemque operi,
Liv. 6, 25, 9; so cujusque in appos. with gen. plur.: trium clarissimorum suae cujusque gentis virorum mors, id. 39, 52, 7; and cuique with dat. plur.: sui cuique mores fingunt fortunam hominibus, Poet. ap. Nep. Att. 11, 6 (where Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, 372, reads quique, ex conj.; cf. b. b, infra).—Attraction of suus and quisque as adjuncts of nouns.(α).Attraction of suus:(β).ut nemo sit nostrum quin in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium requirat acrius (= suum cujusque generis judicium),
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:quas tamen inter omnes (voces) est suo quoque in genere (vox) mediocris ( = inter omnes voces est mediocris vox, sua quoque in genere),
id. de Or. 3, 57, 216:eo concilia suae cujusque regionis indici jussit (= sua cujusque regionis concilia),
Liv. 45, 29, 10:equites suae cuique parti post principia collocat (= equites suos cuique parti),
id. 3, 22, 6:cum motibus armorum et corporum suae cuique genti assuetis,
id. 25, 17, 5:legiones deducebantur cum tribunis et centurionibus et sui cujusque ordinis militibus (= suis cujusque),
Tac. A. 14, 27:quae sui cujusque sunt ingenii,
Quint. 7, 10, 10 Halm (al. sua):sui cujusque ingenii poma vel semina gerunt (= sua cujusque),
Col. 3, 1;and by a double attraction: has (cohortes) subsidiariae ternae et aliae totidem suae cujusque legionis subsequebantur (= has cohortes... totidem cujusque legionis, suam quaeque legionem, subsequebantur),
Caes. B. C. 1, 83. —Attraction of quisque:c.tanta ibi copia venustatum in suo quique loco sita,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 6 (al. quaeque):quodvis frumentum non tamen omne Quique suo genere inter se simile esse videbis,
Lucr. 2, 372 Lachm. and Munro ad loc.:cum verba debeant sui cujusque generis copulari,
Varr. L. L. 10, 48:in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium,
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:haec igitur proclivitas ad suum quodque genus aegrotatio dicatur,
id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28:separatim greges sui cujusque generis nocte remeabant (= greges sui quisque generis),
Liv. 24, 3, 5:ut sui cujusque mensis acciperet (frumentum),
Suet. Aug. 40;and quisque both attracted and in its own case: quia cujusque partis naturae et in corpore et in animo sua quaeque vis sit (where either cujusque or quaeque is redundant),
Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46; v. Madv. ad loc.; Cato, R. R. 23 fin.;so esp. in the phrases suo quoque tempore, anno, die, loco, etc.: pecunia, quae in stipendium Romanis suo quoque anno penderetur, deerat (= suo quaeque anno),
each instalment in the year when due, Liv. 33, 46, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:suo quoque loco,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 2; 1, 22, 6:opera quae suis quibusque temporibus anni vilicum exsequi oporteret,
Col. 11, 3:suo quoque tempore,
Vitr. 2, 9, 4:nisi sua quaque die usurae exsolverentur (= sua quaeque die),
Dig. 22, 1, 12 init.; 13, 7, 8, § 3:ut opera rustica suo quoque tempore faciat,
ib. 19, 2, 25, § 3 (al. quaeque)—In the order quisque... suus.(α).In relative clauses, comparative clauses with ut, and interrogative clauses introduced by quid, etc., where quisque immediately follows the relative, etc.:(β).ut quisque suom volt esse, ita est,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 45; cf.with sibi,
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 49; id. Lael. 9, 30:expendere oportere quid quisque habeat sui... nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant. Id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,
id. Off. 1, 31, 113:neque solum quid in senatu quisque civitatis suae dicerent ignorabant, sed, etc.,
Liv. 32, 19, 9:gratius id fore laetiusque quod quisque sua manu ex hoste captum rettulerit,
id. 5, 20, 8; 6, 25, 10; cf.:in quibus cum multa sint quae sua quisque dicere velit, nihil est quod quisque suum possit dicere,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 23, 1.—If the emphasis is not on suus, but (for quisque, when emphatic, unusquisque is used) on some other word:(γ).in civitates quemque suas... dimisit,
Liv. 21, 48, 2:in patriam quisque suam remissus est,
Just. 33, 2, 8:in vestigio quemque suo vidit,
Liv. 28, 22, 15; cf.:hospitibus quisque suis scribebant,
id. 33, 45, 6:pro facultatibus quisque suis,
id. 42, 53, 3; cf.:respiciendae sunt cuique facultates suae,
Sen. Ben. 2, 15, 3:praecipitat quisque vitam suam et futuri desiderio laborat,
id. Brev. Vit. 7, 5; id. Ben. 7, 5, 1:tunc praeceps quisque se proripit et penates suos deserit,
id. Q. N. 6, 1, 5; 5, 18, 8:summum quisque causae suae judicem facit,
Plin. 1, prooem. § 10: aestimatione nocturnae [p. 1828] quietis, dimidio quisque spatio vitae suae vivit, id. 7, 50, 51, § 167.—Poets adopt the order quisque suus when the metre requires it, Verg. A. 6, 743:(δ).oscula quisque suae matri tulerunt,
Ov. F. 2, 715. —When suus and quisque belong to different clauses:d.atque earum quaeque, suum tenens munus... manet in lege naturae,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38. —Suus uterque, or uterque suus, distributively of two subjects:3.suas uterque legiones reducit in castra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 40; 2, 28:ideo quod uterque suam legem confirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 142:cum sui utrosque adhortarentur,
Liv. 1, 25, 1:ad utrumque ducem sui redierunt,
id. 21, 29, 5:utraque (lex) sua via it,
Sen. Ben. 6, 6, 1; cf.uterque, in apposit.: nec ipsi tam inter se acriter contenderunt, quam studia excitaverant uterque sui corporis hominum,
Liv. 26, 48, 6.—With sibi.(α).Sibi with pronom. force (cf. sui, IV. C. fin.):(β).reddam suum sibi,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 119 ( = ei; but referred to b, infra, by Brix ad loc.); cf.:suam rem sibi salvam sistam,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 123:idem lege sibi sua curationem petet,
for himself, Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22 (cf. id. Phil. 2, 37, 96;I. B. 2. b. supra): ut vindicare sibi suum fulgorem possint,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 11; cf.the formula of divorce: tuas res tibi habeto,
Dig. 24, 2, 2.—Hence, illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69.—With sibi redundant, to strengthen suus (anteand post-class. and colloq.):4.quo pacto serviat suo sibi patri,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 5:eum necabam ilico per cerebrum pinna sua sibi, quasi turturem,
id. Poen. 2, 40; v. sui, IV. C. and the passages there cited.—With gen. agreeing with the subject of suus:5.quas cum solus pertulisset ut sua unius in his gratia esset,
that the credit of it should belong to him alone, Liv. 2, 8, 3:qui de sua unius sententia omnia gerat,
id. 44, 22, 11; cf.:unam Aegyptus in hoc spem habet suam,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2.—For suus ipsius, etc., v. D. 1. b. supra.—With demonstr., rel., or indef. pronn. and adjj., of his, hers, etc.:6.postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam adjutores vos profiteamini,
to this booty of his, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:Sestius cum illo exercitu suo,
id. Sest. 5, 12:qua gravitate sua,
id. ib. 61, 129:suam rem publicam illam defenderunt,
that republic of theirs, id. ib. 67, 141:in istum civem suum,
against this citizen of theirs, id. Balb. 18, 41:cum illo suo pari,
id. Pis. 8, 18:te nulla sua calamitate civitas satiare potest?
id. Phil. 8, 6, 19:dubitatis igitur, quin vos M. Laterensis ad suam spem aliquam delegerit,
for some hope of his, id. Planc. 16, 39:non tam sua ulla spe quam militum impetu tractus,
by any hope of his, Liv. 25, 21, 5:nullo suo merito,
from no fault of theirs, id. 26, 29, 4:ipse arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,
with a few of his friends, Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—With descriptive adjj.(α).Standing before the adj. and noun (so most freq.):(β).suorum improbissimorum sermonum domicilium,
Cic. Pis. 31, 76:causam sui dementissimi consilii,
id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:suam insatiabilem crudelitatem,
id. ib. 11, 3, 8:suis amplissimis fortunis,
id. ib. 13, 8, 16:suum pristinum morem,
id. Pis. 12, 27:suis lenissimis postulatis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5: simili ratione Pompeius in suis veteribus castris consedit (suis emphatic; cf. b, infra), id. ib. 3, 76.—Between the adj. and noun (less emphatic):(γ).pro eximiis suis beneficiis,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:propter summam suam humanitatem,
id. Fam. 15, 14, 1:ex praeteritis suis officiis,
Caes. B. C. 3, 60:Caesar in veteribus suis castris consedit,
id. ib. 3, 76.—After adj. and noun:7.veterem amicum suum excepit,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43:in illo ardenti tribunatu suo,
id. Sest. 54, 116.—Objectively for the pers. pron. (rare):8.neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur ( = sibi illatae),
Sall. C. 51, 11; so,neglectam ab Scipione et nimis leviter latam suam injuriam ratus,
Liv. 29, 9, 9:ipsae enim leges te a cognitione sua judicio publico reppulerunt ( = a se cognoscendo),
Cic. Balb. 14, 32:suam invidiam tali morte quaesitam ( = quaesitum esse ab eo ut homines se inviderent),
Tac. A. 3, 16; so,nulla sua invidia,
Cic. Mil. 15, 40.—Abl. fem. sua, with refert or interest, for gen. of the pers. pron.: neminem esse qui quomodo se habeat nihil sua censeat interesse, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 30:9.si scit sua nihil interesse utrum anima per os, an per jugulum exeat,
Sen. Ep. 76, 33; v. intersum, III.—Strengthened by the suffix - pte or -met.(α).By - pte (not used with ipse) affixed to the forms sua, suo, and (ante-class.) suum:(β).quom illa osculata esset suumpte amicum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 38:ut terrena suopte nutu et suo pondere in terram ferantur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:ferri suopte pondere,
id. N. D. 1, 25, 69:suapte natura,
id. Fat. 18, 42:suapte vi et natura,
id. ib. 19, 43; id. Fin. 1, 16, 54; 5, 22, 61:suopte ingenio,
Liv. 25, 18; so id. 1, 25, 1; 1, 18, 4:suapte manu,
Cic. Or. 3, 3, 10:locus suapte natura infestus,
Liv. 44, 6, 9; so,suapte natura,
id. 4, 22, 4:flumina suapte natura vasta,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 8; so id. Ben. 4, 17, 2:sponte suapte,
Varr. L. L. 6, 7, § 70.—With - met, almost always followed by ipse (in all forms of suus except suus, suum, suae, and suorum):suomet ipsi more,
Sall. J. 31, 6:suomet ipsi instrumento,
Liv. 22, 14, 13:suomet ipsi metu,
Tac. H. 3, 16 fin.:suamet ipsum pecunia,
Sall. J. 8, 2:suamet ipsae fraude,
Liv. 8, 18, 9:intra suamet ipsum moenia,
id. 6, 36, 4:suismet ipsi praesidiis,
id. 8, 25, 6:suismet ipsis corporibus,
id. 2, 19, 5:suosmet ipsi cives,
id. 2, 9, 5:suasmet ipse spes,
Tac. A. 3, 66 fin. —Without ipse:populum suimet sanguinis mercede,
Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 41, 25 Dietsch:magna pars suismet aut proxumorum telis obtruncabantur,
id. ib. 2, 52 ib. -
58 suum
sŭus, a, um (old form sos, sa, sum; dat. plur. sis, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Mull.; acc. sas. id. ib. p. 325 ib.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 47; Schol. Pers. 1, 108; sing. sam for suam, Fest. p. 47 Mull.;I.so for suo, C. I. L. 5, 2007. In ante-class. verse su- with the following vowel freq. forms one syllable,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 48; id. Ps. 1, 3, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 68; Lucr. 1, 1022; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 189 sqq.), pron. poss., 3 d pers. [root SVA-; Sanscr. sva, own; cf. sui; Gr. seWo-, whence sphe, etc., and he; cf. heos], of or belonging to himself, herself, etc.; his own, her own, etc.; his, her, its, their; one ' s; hers, theirs.Ordinary possessive use his, etc. (cf. the similar use of the pers. pron. sui, q. v.).A.With antecedent in the same sentence.1.The antecedent a subject-nominative, expressed or understood.(α).His:(β).Caesar copias suas divisit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 97:ille in sua sententia perseverat,
id. ib. 1, 72:tantam habebat suarum rerum fiduciam,
id. ib. 2, 37:cum sceleris sui socios Romae reliquisset,
Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 3:cur ego non ignoscam si anteposuit suam salutem meae?
id. Pis. 32, 79; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; id. Mil. 10, 27; id. Fam. 15, 14, 1:Hanno praefecturam ejus (i.e. Muttinis) filio suo (Hannonis) dedit,
Liv. 26, 40, 7:imperat princeps civibus suis,
Sen. Clem. 1, 16, 2:nemo rem suam emit,
id. Ben. 7, 4, 8.—Her:(γ).mea Glycerium suos parentes repperit,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 5:utinam haec ignoraret suum patrem,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:si nunc facere volt era officium suom,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 72:ne eadem mulier cum suo conjuge honestissimum adulescentem oppressisse videatur,
Cic. Cael. 32, 78:si omnibus suis copiis excellentem virum res publica armasset,
id. Phil. 13, 16, 32.—Its:(δ).omne animal, simul et ortum est, et se ipsum et omnes partes suas diligit,
Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33:cum mea domus ardore suo deflagrationem Italiae toti minaretur,
id. Planc. 40, 95.—Their: (legiones) si consulem suum reliquerunt, vituperandae sunt Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:2.mittent aliquem de suo numero,
id. ib. 11, 10, 25:rationem illi sententiae suae non fere reddebant,
id. Tusc. 1, 17, 38:qui agellos suos redimere a piratis solebant,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85:edicunt ut ad suum vestitum senatores redirent,
id. Sest. 14, 32:suis finibus eos prohibent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: Allobrogibus sese persuasuros existimabant ut per suos (Allobrogum) fines eos (Helvetios) ire paterentur, id. id. 1, 6;and distributively: ac naves onerariae LXIII. in portu expugnatae, quaedam cum suis oneribus, frumento, armis, aere, etc.,
some with their several cargoes, Liv. 26, 47, 9.—With a subject-clause as antecedent:3.id sua sponte apparebat tuta celeribus consiliis praepositurum,
was selfevident, Liv. 22, 38, 13:ad id quod sua sponte satis collectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
id. 3, 62, 1:secutum tamen sua sponte est ut vilior ob ea regi Hannibal et suspectior fieret,
id. 35, 14, 4. —With subject-acc. as antecedent:4.hanc dicam Athenis advenisse cum aliquo amatore suo, Plant. Mil. 2, 2, 86: doceo gratissimum esse in sua tribu Plancium,
Cic. Planc. 19, 47:cupio eum suae causae confidere,
id. Sest. 64, 135:suspicari debuit (Milo), eum (Clodium) ad villam suam (Clodii) deversurum,
id. Mil. 19, 51: Medeam praedicant in fuga fratris sui membra dissipavisse, id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:(dixit) Caesarem pro sua dignitate debere et studium et iracundiam suam reipublicae dimittere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—With object-acc. as antecedent.(α).Suus being an adjunct of the subject (generally rendered in Engl. by a pass. constr.):(β).hunc pater suus de templo deduxit,
he was taken from the temple by his father, Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52:hunc sui cives e civitate ejecerunt,
id. Sest. 68, 142:Alexandrum uxor sua... occidit,
id. Inv. 2, 49, 144:illum ulciscentur mores sui,
id. Att. 9, 12, 2:quodsi quem natura sua... forte deficiet,
id. Or. 1, 14:utrumque regem sua multitudo consalutaverat,
Liv. 1, 7, 1:quas (urbes) sua virtus ac dii juvent, magnas sibi opes facere,
id. 1, 9, 3; 1, 7, 15; 6, 33, 5:quos nec sua conscientia impulerit, nec, etc.,
id. 26, 33, 3; 25, 14, 7:consulem C. Marium servus suus interemit,
Val. Max. 6, 8, 2:quis non Vedium Pollionem pejus oderat quam servi sui?
Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2:sera dies sit qua illum gens sua caelo adserat,
id. Cons. Poll. 12 (31), 5.—With the antecedent understood from the principal sentence:ita forma simili pueri ut mater sua internoscere (sc. eos) non posset,
Plaut. Men. prol. 19; and with suus as adjunct both of the subject and of the antecedent: jubet salvere suos vir uxorem suam, id. merc. 4, 3, 11. —With impers. verbs:(γ).sunt homines, quos libidinis infamiaeque suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,
Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:video fore ut inimicos tuos poeniteat intemperantiae suae,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:si Caesarem beneficii sui poeniteret,
id. Lig. 10, 29; so id. Agr. 2, 11, 26:jam ne nobilitatis quidem suae plebejos poenitere,
Liv. 10, 7, 8:militem jam minus virtutis poenitere suae,
id. 22, 12, 10.—As adjunct of other members of the sentence:5.ad parentes suos ducas Silenium,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86. nam is illius filiam conicit in navem clam matrem suam (i.e. filiae), id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:eosdem ad quaestoris sui aut imperatoris, aut commilitonum suorum pericula impulistis,
Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 34:totum enim ex sua patria sustulisti,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 127; id. Or. 3, 32, 126: quem (Hammonium) tibi etiam suo nomine ( on his own account) commendo... itaque peto a te ut ejus procuratorem et ipsum suo nomine diligas, id. Fam. 13, 21, 2:Caesar Fabium in sua remittit hiberna,
Caes. B. G. 5, 33; id. B. C. 3, 24:introire ad Ciceronem, et domi suae imparatum confodere,
Sall. C. 28, 1:suis flammis delete Fidenas,
i. e. the flames kindled by the Fidenates, Liv. 4, 33, 5:suo igni involvit hostes,
Tac. A. 14, 30:quid Caesarem in sua fata inmisit?
Sen. Ep. 94, 65; id. Q. N. 1, praef. 7; cf.with antecedent supplied from preceding sentence: non destiti rogare et petere (sc. Brutum) mea causa, suadere et hortari sua,
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7.—With dat. as antecedent.(α).As adjunct of subject (cf. 4. supra):(β).suus rex reginae placet,
a queen likes her own king, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 76:ei nunc alia ducenda'st domum, sua cognata Lemniensis,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 101:Autronio nonne sodales, non collegae sui... defuerunt?
Cic. Sull. 2, 7:si ceteris facta sua recte prosunt,
id. Cat. 3, 12, 27:cui non magistri sui atque doctores, cui non... locus ipse... in mente versetur?
id. Planc. 33, 81:haec omnia plane... Siculis erepta sunt: primum suae leges, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33:Romanis multitudo sua auxit animum,
Liv. 21, 50, 4:sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet,
id. 42, 50, 7:Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita,
id. 8, 14, 2:vilitas sua illis detrahit pretium,
Sen. Ben. 4, 29, 2:nemo est cui felicitas sua satisfaciat,
id. Ep. 115, 17:labor illi suus restitutus est,
id. Brev. Vit. 20, 3:magnitudo sua singulis constat,
id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10:tantum sapienti sua, quantum Dec omnis aetas patet,
id. Ep. 53, 11. —With antecedent supplied from principal sentence: mater quod suasit sua Adulescens mulier fecit, i.e. ei,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 38.—Of other words:6.regique Thebano regnum stabilivit suum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 40:mittam hodie huic suo die natali malam rem magnam,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 5:ego Metello non irascor, neque ei suam vacationem eripio,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:desinant insidiari domui suae consuli,
id. Cat. 1, 13, 32:quibus ea res honori fuerit a suis civibus,
id. Mil. 35, 96: Scipio suas res Syracusanis restituit, Liv. [p. 1824] 29, 1, 17:nos non suas (leges Lacedaemoniis arbitror) ademisse, sed nostras leges dedisse,
id. 39, 37, 6:Graccho et Tuditano provinciae Lucani et Galliae cum suis exercitibus prorogatae,
id. 25, 3, 5.—With gen., abl., or object of a prep. as antecedent:7.nec illius animi aciem praestringit splendor sui nominis,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43:nolite a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae domesticum et suum consulem avellere,
id. Mur. 41, 90:quamvis tu magna mihi scripseris de Bruti adventu ad suas legiones,
id. Att. 14, 13, 12:suae legis ad scriptum ipsam quoque sententiam adjungere,
the meaning of their law to which they refer, id. Inv. 2, 49, 147:cum ambitio alterius suam primum apud eos majestatem solvisset,
Liv. 22, 42, 12:nunc causam instituendorum ludorum ab origine sua repetam,
Val. Max. 2, 4, 4:Jubam in regno suo non locorum notitia adjuvet, non popularium pro rege suo virtus,
Sen. Ep. 71, 10; id. Ben. 7, 6, 3; id. Clem. 1, 3, 4.—Esp. with cujusque as antecedent:in qua deliberatione ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 119 (v. II. D. 2. infra).— Abl.:operam dare ut sua lex ipso scripto videatur niti,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 147 (cf. supra):(Caesar reperiebat) ad Galbam propter justitiam prudentiamque suam totius belli summam deferri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:credere, ad suum concilium a Jove deos advocari,
Sen. Q. N. 2, 42, 1.—With predic. nom. as antecedent:8.sapientissimi artis suae professores sunt a quibus et propria studia verecunde et aliena callide administrantur,
Val. Max. 8, 12, 1.—With appositive noun.(α).With gram. subject as antecedent:(β).hoc Anaximandro, populari ac sodali suo, non persuasit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:vidit fortissimum virum, inimicissimum suum,
id. Mil. 9, 25:(hic) fuit in Creta contubernalis Saturnini, propinqui sui,
id. Planc. 11, 27:ut non per L. Crassum, adfinem suum... causam illam defenderit,
id. Balb. 21, 49:ne cum hoc T. Broccho, avunculo, ne cum ejus filio, consobrino suo, ne nobiscum vivat,
id. Lig. 4, 11:Caesar mittit ad eum A. Clodium, suum atque illius familiarem,
Caes. B. C. 3, 57.—With object as antecedent:(γ).Dicaearchum cum Aristoxeno, aequali et condiscipulo suo, omittamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 41:tres fratres optimos, non solum sibi ipsos, neque nobis, necessariis suis, sed etiam rei publicae condonavit,
id. Lig. 12, 36:Varroni, quem, sui generis hominem,... vulgus extrahere ad consulatum nitebatur,
Liv. 22, 34, 2.—With appositive noun as antecedent:9.si P. Scipionem, clarissimum virum, majorumque suorum simillimum res publica tenere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29:M. Fabi Ambusti, potentis viri cum inter sui corporis homines, tum ad plebem, etc.,
Liv. 6, 34, 5:C. vero Fabricii, et Q. Aemilii Papi, principum saeculi sui, domibus argentum fuisse confitear oportet,
Val. Max. 4, 4, 3.—In participial clauses.(α).The antecedent being the logical subject of the participle, and other than the principal subject:(β).credamus igitur Panaetio, a Platone suo dissentienti ( = qui dissentiebat),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:ea Sex. Roscium, expulsum ex suis bonis, recepit domum,
id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:diffidentemque rebus suis confirmavit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23:Dejotarum ad me venientem cum omnibus copiis suis, certiorem feci, etc.,
id. Fam. 15, 4, 7; id. Cat. 4, 9, 18: si hominis et suis et populi Romani ornamentis amplissimi ( being greatly distinguished) causam repudiassem, id. Mur. 4, 8:stupentes tribunos et suam jam vicem magis anxios quam, etc., liberavit consensus populi Romani,
Liv. 8, 35, 1; 22, 42, 8:manet in folio scripta querela suo ( = quam scripsit),
Ov. F. 5, 224; cf. in abl. absol.:et ipsis (hostibus) regressis in castra sua,
Liv. 22, 60, 9:quibus (speculis) si unum ostenderis hominem, populus adparet, unaquaque parte faciem exprimente sua,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 5.—The logical subject of the participle, being also the principal subject:(γ).sic a suis legionibus condemnatus irrupit in Galliam,
Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 21:hunc agrum patres nostri, acceptum a majoribus suis ( = quem acceperant), perdiderunt,
id. Agr. 2, 31, 84:ut in suis ordinibus dispositi dispersos adorirentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 92: Appius, odium in se aliorum suo in eos metiens odio, haud ignaro, inquit, imminet fortuna, Liv. 3, 54, 3:ipsa capit Condita in pharetra ( = quae condiderat) tela minora sua,
Ov. F. 2, 326; cf. in abl. absol.:Sopater, expositis suis difficultatibus ( = cum exposuisset, etc.): Timarchidem... perducit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 69:Caesar, primum suo deinde omnium ex conspectu remotis equis, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25:Campani, audita sua pariter sociorumque clade, legatos ad Hannibalem miserunt,
Liv. 25, 15, 1:(Appius) deposito suo magistratu... domum est reductus,
id. 4, 24, 7; 3, 35, 9; 9, 10, 13; 9, 41, 9.—The antecedent being the principal subject, not the logical subject of the participle:10.M. Papirius dicitur Gallo, barbam suam (i.e. Papirii) permulcenti,... iram movisse,
Liv. 5, 41, 9: cum Gracchus, verecundia deserendi socios, implorantis fidem suam populique Romani, substitisset. id. 23, 36, 8; cf. in abl. absol.:si sine maximo dedecore, tam impeditis suis rebus, potuisset emori,
Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 29; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Planc. 21, 51; id. Clu. 14, 42:ita (consul) proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, haudquaquam tamen incruento milite suo (consulis),
Liv. 8, 29, 12; cf.with antecedent to be supplied: Campani, cum, robore juventutis suae acciso, nulla (sc. eis) propinqua spes esset, etc.,
id. 7, 29, 7.—In gerund. construction. ( a) With subject as antecedent:(β).mihi ipsa Roma ad complectendum conservatorem suum progredi visa est,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52.—With object, the logical subjects of the gerund as antecedent:(γ).cur iis persequendi juris sui... adimis potestatem?
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21:si senatui doloris sui de me declarandi potestas esset erepta,
id. Sest. 23, 51:nec tribunis plebis (spatium datur) sui periculi deprecandi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—With antecedent dependent on the gerund:11.eamque rem illi putant a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19.—As adjunct of a noun dependent on a subjectinf., with its logical subject as antecedent:B. 1.magnum Miloni fuit, conficere illam pestem nulla sua invidia?
Cic. Mil. 15, 40:neque enim fuit Gabinii, remittere tantum de suo nec regis, imponere tantum plus suis,
his claim, id. Rab. Post. 11, 31:Piso, cui fructum pietatis suae neque ex me neque a populo Romano ferre licuit,
id. Sest. 31, 68:ei cujus magis intersit, vel sua, vel rei publicae causa vivere,
id. Off. 3, 23, 90:sapientis est consilium explicare suum de maximis rebus,
id. Or. 2, 81, 333; id. Mil. 15, 41.—With logical subject understood:totam Italiam suis colonis ut complere (sc. eis) liceat, permittitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34:maximum (sc. eis) solacium erit, propinquorum eodem monumento declarari, et virtutem suorum, et populi Romani pietatem,
id. Phil. 14, 13, 35.Dependent on subject-inff.:2.ejusdem animi est, posteris suis amplitudinem nobis quam non acceperit tradere, et memoriam prope intermortuam generis sui, virtute renovare,
Cic. Mur. 7, 16:siquidem atrocius est, patriae parentem quam suum occidere,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:miliens perire est melius quam in sua civitate sine armorum praesidio non posse vivere,
id. ib. 2, 44, 112: quanto est honestius, alienis injuriis quam suis commoveri, one ' s own, id. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169:contentum suis rebus esse maximae sunt certissimaeque divitiae,
id. Par. 6, 51:ut non liceat sui commodi causa nocere alteri,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23:detrahere de altero sui commodi causa,
id. ib. 3, 5, 24:suis exemplis melius est uti,
Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2:levius est sua decreta tollere quam aliorum,
Liv. 3, 21. 5; 39, 5, 2;29, 37, 11: satius est vitae suae rationes quam frumenti publici nosse,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 3:quanto satius est sua mala exstinguere quam aliena posteris tradere?
id. Q. N. 3, praef. 5:cum initia beneficiorum suorum spectare, tum etiam exitus decet,
id. Ben. 2, 14, 2; 3, 1, 5:Romani nominis gloriae, non suae, composuisse illa decuit,
Plin. 1, prooem. § 16.—With 1 st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent: cum possimus ab Ennio sumere... exemplum, videtur esse arrogantia illa relinquere, et ad sua devenire, to one ' s own = to our own, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2.—Without a subject-inf.:C.omnia torquenda sunt ad commodum suae causae... sua diligenter narrando,
Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30: ut in ceteris habenda ratio non sua (al. sui) solum, sed etiam aliorum, id. Off. 1, 39, 139:erat Dareo mite ac tractabile ingenium, nisi suam naturam plerumque fortuna corrumperet (suam not referring to Dareo),
Curt. 3, 2, 17 MSS. (Foss, mansuetam). — With 1 st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent (cf. 1. supra):non erit ista amicitia sed mercatura quaedam utilitatum suarum,
Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122; cf.: pro suo possidere, II. A. 2. a. g; and Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73, II. A. 2. b. a; cf. also II. B. 1. a; II. B. 5. c.; II. B. 7. b.; II. C. 8. b. b infra.With antec. in a previous sentence. Here ejus, eorum, earum are used for his, her, their, unless the clause is oblique in regard to the antecedent, i. e. the antecedent is conceived as the author of the statement.1.In clauses dependent on a verbum sentiendi or dicendi, expressed or understood, referring to the grammatical or logical subject of the verb.a.In infinitive clauses:b.(Clodius) Caesaris potentiam suam potentiam esse dicebat,
Cic. Mil. 32, 88:(Caelius) a sua (causa) putat ejus (i.e. Ascitii) esse sejunctam,
id. Cael. 10, 24:ipsos certo scio non negare ad haec bona Chrysogonum accessisse impulsu suo (referring to ipsos),
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:hostes viderunt,... suorum tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire,
Caes. B. C. 2, 16:docent, sui judicii rem non esse,
id. ib. 1, 13.—The reference of suus may be ambiguous, esp. if an infinitive is dependent on another:hoc Verrem dicere ajebant, te... opera sua consulem factum, i.e. Verris, though grammatically it might refer to the subj. of aiebant,
Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29:(Ariovistus) dixit neminem secum sine sua pernicie contendisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 36; cf. the context with, in all, eleven reflexive pronouns referring to four different antecedents (populus Romanus, Ariovistus, Caesar, nemo); cf.also: occurrebat ei, mancam praeturam suam futuram consule Milone,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25; 32, 88; Liv. 3, 42, 2.—Suus in a clause dependent on inf.:c.scio equidem, ut, qui argentum afferret atque expressam imaginem suam (i.e. militis) huc ad nos, cum eo ajebat velle mitti mulierem,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 55:isti bonorum emptores arbitrantur, vos hic sedere qui excipiatis eos qui de suis (i.e. emptorum) manibus effugerint,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:Siculi venisse tempus ajebant ut commoda sua defenderem,
id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3:ut tunc tandem sentiret recuperanda esse quae prius sua culpa amissa forent,
Liv. 44, 8, 4. —Ambiguous: velle Pompejum se Caesari purgatum, ne ea quae reipublicae causa egerit (Pompejus) in suam (i.e. Caesaris) contumeliam vertat (where suam might be referred to Pompejus),
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—In oblique clauses introduced by ut or ne, or clauses subordinate to such:d.Cassius constituit ut ludi absente te fierent suo nomine,
Cic. Att. 15, 11, 2:postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam tam nefariam adjutores vos profiteamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:Nasidius eos magnopere hortatur ut rursus cum Bruti classe, additis suis (i.e. Nasidii) auxiliis confligant,
Caes. B. C. 2, 3:(regem) denuntiasse sibi ut triduo regni sui decederent finibus,
Liv. 42, 25, 12:Sabinae mulieres, hinc patres, hinc viros orantes, ne parricidio macularent partus suos (i.e. mulierum),
id. 1, 13, 2:Patron praecepit suis ut arma induerent, ad omne imperium suum parati,
Curt. 5, 11, 1.—With reflex. pron., referring to a different antecedent:ad hanc (Laidem) Demosthenes clanculum adit, et ut sibi copiam sui faceret, petit,
Gell. 1, 8, 5. —In subordinate clauses introduced by quin or quod:e.(Dejotarus) non recusat quin id suum facinus judices,
Cic. Deiot. 15, 43; so id. ib. 4, 15;16, 45: parietes hujus curiae tibi gratias agere gestiunt, quod futura sit illa auctoritas in his majorum suorum et suis sedibus,
id. Marcell. 3, 10:quidni gauderet quod iram suam nemo sentiret?
Sen. Troad. 3, 13:querenti quod uxor sua e fico se suspendisset,
Quint. 6, 3, 88;and with intentional ambiguity: cum Proculejus quereretur de filio quod is mortem suam expectaret,
id. 9, 3, 68. —In interrogative clauses:2.si, quod officii sui sit, non occurrit animo, nihil umquam omnino aget,
Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 25:ut non auderet iterum dicere quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
id. Caecin. 10, [p. 1825] 28:donec sciat unisquisque quid sui, quid alieni sit,
Liv. 6, 27, 8:rex ignarus, quae cum Hannibale legatis suis convenisset, quaeque legati ejus ad se allaturi fuissent,
id. 23, 39, 2:postquam animadvertit quantus agminis sui terror esset,
id. 43, 19, 5. —In a virtually oblique clause.a.In final clause, introduced by ut, ne, or rel., referring to the subject of the purpose:b.me a portu praemisit domum, ut haec nuntiem uxori suae,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 41:quasi Appius ille Caecus viam muniverit, non qua populus uteretur, sed ubi impune sui posteri latrocinarentur, i. e. Appii,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:quae gens ad Caesarem legatos mise. rat, ut suis omnibus facultatibus uteretur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 80:inde castra movent, ne qua vis sociis suis ab Romano exercitu inferri possit,
Liv. 43, 23, 5:(Romani) Albam a fundamentis proruerunt, ne memoria originum suarum exstaret,
id. 26, 13, 16:oppidani nuntios Romam, qui certiorem de suo casu senatum facerent, misere,
id. 6, 33, 7; cf.:tanto intervallo ab hostibus consedit, ut nec adventus suus propinquitate nimia nosci posset, et, etc.,
Liv. 10, 20, 7:Datames locum delegit talem ut non multum obesse multitudo hostium suae paucitati posset,
Nep. Dat. 7, 3:quid si gubernator a diis procellas petat ut gratior ars sua periculo fiat?
Sen. Ben. 6, 25, 4. —In other dependent clauses represented as conceived by an antecedent in the principal sentence:D.Sulla, si sibi suus pudor ac dignitas non prodesset, nullum auxilium requisivit ( = negavit se defendi velle, si, etc.),
Cic. Sull. 5, 15:Paetus omnes libros quos frater suus reliquisset mihi donavit ( = dixit se donare libros quos, etc.),
id. Att. 2, 1, 12:non enim a te emit, sed, priusquam tu suum sibi venderes, ipse possedit ( = potitus est, ne, etc.),
id. Phil. 2, 37, 96:Africanus, si sua res ageretur, testimonium non diceret,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 3:ille ipse (Pompejus) proposuit epistulam illam, in qua est Pro tuis rebus gestis amplissimis. Amplioribusne quam suis, quam Africani?
id. Att. 8, 9, 2:spiritus dabat (Manlio) quod... vinculorum suorum invidiam dictator fugisset,
Liv. 6, 18, 4:(Numa) Camenis eum lucum sacravit, quod earum ibi concilia cum conjuge sua Egeria essent,
id. 1, 21, 3:adulescens deos omnis invocare ad gratiam illi pro se referendam, quoniam sibi nequaquam satis facultatis pro suo animo atque illius erga se esset,
id. 26, 50, 4 (cf. D. 1. a. infra).In the place of ejus.1.In clauses virtually oblique, but with indicative, being conceived by the antecedent (hence suus, not ejus), but asserted as fact by the author (hence indicative, not subjunctive):2.Cicero tibi mandat ut Aristodemo idem respondeas, quod de fratre suo (Ciceronis) respondisti,
Cic. Att. 2, 7, 4:oriundi ab Sabinis, ne, quia post Tatii mortem ab sua parte non erat regnatum, imperium amitterent, sui corporis creari regem volebant,
Liv. 1, 17, 2:C. Caesar villam pulcherrimam, quia mater sua aliquando in illa custodita erat, diruit,
Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 5:Philemonem, a manu servum, qui necem suam per venenum inimicis promiserat, non gravius quam simplici morte punivit,
Suet. Caes. 74; cf.:quomodo excandescunt si quid e juba sua decisum est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 3.—To avoid ambiguity:3.petunt rationes illius (Catilinae) ut orbetur consilio res publica, ut minuatur contra suum (i.e. Catilinae) furorem imperatorum copia (instead of ejus, which might be referred to res publica),
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:equites a cornibus positos, cum jam pelleretur media peditum suorum acies, incurrisse ab lateribus ferunt,
Liv. 1, 37, 3.—Colloquially and in epistolary style suus is used emphatically instead of ejus, with the meaning own, peculiar: deinde ille actutum subferret suus servus poenas Sosia, his own slave (opp. Mercury, who personates Sosias), Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 19: mira erant in civitatibus ipsorum furta Graecorum quae magistratus sui fecerant, their own magistrates ( = ipsorum), Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5:4.in quibus (litteris Bruti) unum alienum summa sua prudentia (est), ut spectem ludos suos,
his peculiar prudence, id. ib. 15, 26, 1; so,quod quidem ille (Nero) decernebat, quorumdam dolo ad omina sui exitus vertebatur,
Tac. A. 16, 24; cf. II. A. 1. b and g; II. A. 2. a. b; II. B. 3.—Without particular emphasis (mostly ante- and post-class. and poet.):II.tum erit tempestiva cum semen suum maturum erit,
Cato, R. R. 31:vitis si macra erit, sarmenta sua concidito minute,
id. ib. 37:qui sic purgatus erit, diuturna valetudine utatur, neque ullus morbus veniet, nisi sua culpa,
id. ib. 157:Cimon in eandem invidiam incidit quam pater suus,
Nep. Cim. 3, 1:id qua ratione consecutus sit (Lysander) latet. Non enim virtute sui exercitus factum est, etc.,
id. Lys. 1, 2:ipse sub Esquiliis, ubi erat regia sua, Concidit,
Ov. F. 6, 601:quodque suus conjux riguo collegerat horto, Truncat olus foliis,
id. M. 8, 646; so id. ib. 15, 819.In partic.A.As substt.1.sui, suorum, m., his, their (etc.) friends, soldiers, fellow-beings, equals, adherents, followers, partisans, posterity, slaves, family, etc., of persons in any near connection with the antecedent.(α).(Corresp. to the regular usage, I. A. B. C.) Cupio abducere ut reddam (i.e. eam) suis, to her family, friends, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 77; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 66:(β).cum animus societatem caritatis coierit cum suis, omnesque natura conjunctos suos duxerit,
fellow-beings, Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 60:mulier ingeniosa praecepit suis omnia Caelio pollicerentur,
her slaves, id. Cael. 25, 62:quo facilius et nostras domos obire, et ipse a suis coli possit,
his friends, id. ib. 7, 18:qua gratiam beneficii vestri cum suorum laude conjungant,
their family, id. Agr. 2, 1, 1:vellem hanc contemptionem pecuniae suis reliquisset,
to his posterity, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16:cum divisurum se urbem palam suis polliceretur,
his partisans, id. ib. 13, 9, 19:Caesar, cohortatus suos, proelium commisit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25; so,Curio exercitum reduxit, suis omnibus praeter Fabium incolumibus,
id. B. C. 2, 35:Caesar receptui suorum timens,
id. ib. 3, 46:certior ab suis factus est, praeclusas esse portas,
id. ib. 2, 20:omnium suorum consensu, Curio bellum ducere parabat,
id. ib. 2, 37: so,Pompejus suorum omnium hortatu statuerat proelio decertare,
id. ib. 3, 86:Caesar Brundisium ad suos severius scripsit,
to his officers, id. ib. 3, 25:naviculam conscendit cum paucis suis,
a few of his followers, id. ib. 3, 104:multum cum suis consiliandi causa secreto praeter consuetudinem loqueretur,
id. ib. 1, 19:nupsit Melino, adulescenti inprimis inter suos et honesto et nobili,
his equals, associates, Cic. Clu. 5, 11:rex raptim a suis in equum impositus fugit,
his suite, Liv. 41, 4, 7:subsidio suorum proelium restituere,
comrades, id. 21, 52, 10:feras bestias... ad opem suis ferendam avertas,
their young, id. 26, 13, 12:abstulit sibi in suos potestatem,
his slaves, Sen. Ira, 3, 12, 6:Besso et Nabarzani nuntiaverant sui regem... interemptum esse,
their fellow - conspirators, Curt. 5, 12, 14. — Very rarely sing.:ut bona mens suis omnibus fuerit. Si quem libido abripuit, illorum eum, cum quibus conjuravit, non suum judicet esse,
Liv. 39, 16, 5.—Irregular use (acc. to I. D.): sui = ejus amici, etc. (freq.;(γ).the absolute use of ejus in this sense being inadmissible): quasi vero quisquam dormiat? ne sui quidem hoc velint, non modo ipse (sui = ejus amici, liberi),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:is (annus) ejus omnem spem... morte pervertit. Fuit hoc luctuosum suis, acerbum patriae, etc.,
id. Or. 3, 2, 8:quadrigas, quia per suos ( = ipsius milites) agendae erant, in prima acie locaverat rex,
Liv. 37, 41, 8:auctoritatem Pisistrati qui inter suos ( = ejus cives) maxima erat,
id. 37, 12:quo cum multitudine adversariorum sui superarentur, ipse fuit superior, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 4; v. g.—Without antecedent (cf. I. B. supra): quoties necesse est fallere aut falli a suis, by one ' s friends, Sen. Phoen. 493.—(δ).Sing.: sŭa, suae. f., a sweetheart, mistress (rare): illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit. Cic. Phil. 2, 28. 69:2. a.cedo quid hic faciet sua?
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 92.—Sing.(α).Lit.:(β).nec suom adimerem alteri,
his property, his own, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 38 (34):nunc si ille salvos revenit, reddam suom sibi (v. D. 3. a. infra),
id. ib. 1, 2, 119:illum studeo quam facillime ad suum pervenire,
Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 4:populi Romani hanc esse consuetudinem ut socios sui nihil deperdere velit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43; cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 3, I. A. 11. supra:nec donare illi de suo dicimur,
Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 2; so esp. with quisque; v. infra — Hence, de suo = per se, or sua sponte;(stellae) quae per igneos tractus labentia inde splendorem trahant caloremque, non de suo clara,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 6. —Trop.:(γ).meum mihi placebat, illi suum (of a literary essay),
Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: suom quemque decet, his own manners, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 11; so, expendere oportet quid quisque habeat sui ( what peculiarities) nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant;id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113.—Jurid. term: aliquid pro suo possidere, to possess in the belief of one ' s legal right:b.pro suo possessio tale est, cum dominium nobis acquiri putamus. Et ea causa possidemus ex qua acquiritur, et praeterea pro suo,
Dig. 41, 10, 1;so without an antecedent, and referring to a first person: item re donata, pro donato et pro suo possideo,
ib. 41, 10, 1; v. the whole tit. ib. 42, 10 (Pro suo); cf. ib. 23, 3, 67; cf. C., infra fin.;similarly: usucapere pro suo = acquire dominion by a possession pro suo, Fragm. Vat. 111: res pro suo, quod justam causam possidendi habet, usucapit,
id. ib. 260; Dig. 41, 3, 27. —Plur.(α).One ' s property:(β).Roscius tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 146:qui etiam hostibus externis victis sua saepissime reddiderunt,
id. Agr. 1, 6, 19:tu autem vicinis tuis Massiliensibus sua reddis,
id. Att. 14, 14, 6:Remi legatos miserunt qui dicerent se suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem populi Romani permittere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 2; 1, 11, 2; 2, 13, 2:ipsi milites alveos informes quibus se suaque transveherent, faciebant,
their baggage, Liv. 21, 26, 9:docere eos qui sua permisere fortunae,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. 7; so without an antecedent, one ' s own property (cf. I. B. 2. supra):hanc ob causam maxime ut sua tenerentur res publicae constitutae sunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73;rarely = eorum res: quod vero etiam sua reddiderint (i.e. Gallis),
Liv. 39, 55, 3. —One ' s own affairs:B.aliena ut melius videant et dijudicent Quam sua,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 96:cognoscunt... immobile agmen et sua quemque molientem,
Liv. 10, 20, 8:omnia ei hostium non secus quam sua nota erant,
id. 22, 41, 5:aliena cum suis perdidit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 3.— Absol., referring to a noun fem.: sua (finxit) C. Cassius ( = suas persuasiones; cf.the context),
Quint. 6, 3, 90.Predicative uses: suum esse, facere, fieri, putare, etc., like a gen. poss., to be, etc., the property, or under the dominion, control, power of the antecedent.1.Of property in things.(α).Corporeal:(γ).scripsit causam dicere Prius aurum quare sit suum,
Ter. Eun. prol. 11:nihil erat cujusquam quod non hoc anno suum fore putabat (Clodius),
Cic. Mil. 32, 87:quia suum cujusque fit, eorum quae natura fuerant communia quod cuique obtigit, id quisque teneat,
id. Off. 1, 7, 21:Juba suam esse praedicans praedam,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84:gratum sibi populum facturum, si omnes res Neapolitanorum suas duxissent,
Liv. 22, 32, 8: libros esse dicimus Ciceronis;eosdem Dorus librarius suos vocat,
Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 1:cum enim istarum personarum nihil suum esse possit,
since these persons can own nothing, Gai. Inst. 2, 96; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 15 pr.—Virtually predicative:referas ad eos qui suam rem nullam habent ( = rem quae sua sit),
nothing of their own, Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15:qui in potestate nostra est, nihil suum habere potest,
Gai. Inst. 2, 84. — ( b) Of literary works:quae convenere in Andriam ex Perinthia Fatetur transtulisse, atque usum pro suis ( = quasi sua essent),
Ter. And. prol. 14:potest autem... quae tum audiet... ingenue pro suis dicere,
his own thoughts, Quint. 12, 3, 3.—Of a country or people:(δ).suum facere = suae dicionis facere: commemorat ut (Caesar) magnam partem Italiae beneficio atque auctoritate eorum suam fecerit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32:in quam (Asiam) jam ex parte suam fecerit,
Liv. 44, 24, 4:crudelissima ac superbissima gens sua omnia suique arbitrii facit,
id. 21, 44, 5.—Trop.:2.omnia sua putavit quae vos vestra esse velletis,
Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 27:non meminit, illum exercitum senatus populique Romani esse, non suum,
id. ib. 13, 6, 4: [p. 1826] probavit, non rempublicam suam esse, sed se reipublicae, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 8;so of incorporeal things: hi si velint scire quam brevis eorum vita sit, cogitent ex quota parte sua sit,
how much of it is their own, id. Brev. Vit. 19, 3; so, suum facere, to appropriate:prudentis est, id quod in quoque optimum est, si possit, suum facere,
Quint. 10, 2, 26:quaeremus quomodo animus (hanc virtutem) usu suam faciat,
Sen. Clem. 1, 3, 1.—Of persons.(α).Under a master ' s or father ' s control:(β).ut lege caverent, ne quis quem civitatis mutandae causa suum faceret, neve alienaret,
make any one his slave, Liv. 41, 8, 12: quid eam tum? suamne esse ajebat, his daughter, i.e. in his power? Ter. And. 5, 4, 29:eduxit mater pro sua ( = quasi sua esset),
id. Eun. 1, 2, 76.—Reflexively = sui juris, independent, one ' s own master or mistress, not subject to another ' s control, under one ' s own control (v. sui juris, infra):(γ).ancilla, quae mea fuit hodie, sua nunc est,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 3.—Of moral power over others: suus = devoted to one:(δ).hice hoc munere arbitrantur Suam Thaidem esse,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38:eos hic fecit suos Paulo sumptu,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 21:sed istunc exora, ut (mulierem) suam esse adsimulet,
to be friendly to him, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 117:cum Antonio sic agens ut perspiciat, si in eo negotio nobis satisfecerit, totum me futurum suum,
Cic. Att. 14, 1 a, 2:Alpheus... utebatur populo sane suo,
devoted to him, id. Quint. 7, 29.— Poet.: vota suos habuere deos, the vows (inst. of the persons uttering them) had the gods on their side, Ov. M. 4, 373. —Of power over one's self, etc.:3.nam qui sciet ubi quidque positum sit, quaque eo veniat, is poterit eruere, semperque esse in disputando suus,
self-possessed, Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 10:inaestimabile bonum est suum fieri,
selfcontrol, Sen. Ep. 75, 18:(furiosus) qui suus non est,
Dig. 42, 4, 7, § 9:vix sua, vix sanae virgo Niseia compos Mentis erat,
Ov. M. 8, 35. —Suum est, as impers. predicate: = ejus est, characteristic of, peculiar to one (very rare):C.dixit antea, sed suum illud est, nihil ut affirmet,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99.Attributive usages, almost always (except in Seneca) with suus before its noun.1.The property, relations, affairs, etc., of one opposed to those of another, own.a.Opposition expressed:b.nihil de suo casu, multa de vestro querebatur,
Cic. Balb. 8, 21:sua sibi propiora pericula quam mea loquebantur,
id. Sest. 18, 40:suasque et imperatoris laudes canentes,
Liv. 45, 38, 12:damnatione collegae et sua,
id. 22, 35, 3:Senecae fratris morte pavidum et pro sua incolumitate pavidum,
Tac. A. 14, 73:velut pro Vitellio conquerentes suum dolorem proferebant,
id. H. 3, 37;opp. alienus: ut suo potius tempore mercatorem admitterent, quam celerius alieno,
at a time convenient to themselves, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11. —Without antecedent, opp. externus:(Platoni) duo placet esse motus, unum suum, alterum externum, esse autem divinius quod ipsum ex se sua sponte moveatur, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32. —Implied:c.voluptatem suis se finibus tenere jubeamus,
within the limits assigned to it, Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 1:cum vobis immortale monumentum suis paene manibus senatus... exstruxerit,
id. Phil. 14, 12, 33:superiores (amnes) in Italia, hic (Rhodanus) trans Alpes, hospitales suas tantum, nec largiores quam intulere aquas vehentes,
Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224: colligitur aqua ex imbribus;ex suo fonte nativa est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 3:pennas ambo non habuere suas (non suas = alienas),
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 24. —In particular phrases. ( a) Sua sponte and suo Marte, of one ' s own accord, by one ' s self, without the suggestion, influence, aid, etc., of others:(β).Caesar bellum contra Antonium sua sponte suscepit,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5:sua sponte ad Caesarem in jus adierunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 87.—So of things, = per se, by or of itself, for itself, for its own sake:jus et omne honestum sua sponte expetendum (cf. in the context: per se igitur jus est expetendum),
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: justitium sua sponte inceptum priusquam indiceretur, by itself, i. e. without a decree, Liv. 9, 7, 8; so,sortes sua sponte attenuatas,
id. 22, 1, 11 (cf. id. 22, 38, 13; 35, 14, 4, I. A. 2., supra): rex enim ipse, sua sponte, nullis commentariis Caesaris, simul atque audivit ejus interitum suo Marte res suas recuperavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—Suus locus, in milit. lang., one ' s own ground, position, or lines:(γ).restitit suo loco Romana acies (opp. to the advance of the enemy),
Liv. 22, 16, 2.—So figuratively:et staturas suo loco leges,
Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2:aciem instruxit primum suis locis, pauloque a castris Pompeji longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84 (cf.: suo loco, 7. b. g, infra).—For suo jure v. 3. infra.—(δ).Sua Venus = one's own Venus, i. e. good luck (v. Venus): ille non est mihi par virtutibus, nec officiis;2.sed habuit suam Venerem,
Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2. —Of private relations (opp. to public):3.ut in suis rebus, ita in re publica luxuriosus nepos,
Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48:deinde ut communibus pro communibus utatur, privatis ut suis,
id. Off. 1, 7, 20:quod oppidum Labienus sua pecunia exaedificaverat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 15:militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur,
i. e. his private property, id. ib. 1, 17; Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 3. —Of just rights or claims:4.imperatori senatuique honos suus redditus,
due to them, Liv. 3, 10, 3:neque inpedimento fuit, quominus religionibus suus tenor suaque observatio redderetur,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:quibus omnibus debetur suus decor,
Quint. 11, 1, 41. —So distributively: is mensibus suis dimisit legionem,
in the month in which each soldier was entitled to his discharge, Liv. 40, 41, 8. — Esp.: suo jure (so, meo, nostro, tuo, etc., jure), by his own right:Tullus Hostilius qui suo jure in porta nomen inscripsit,
Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 26:earum rerum hic A. Licinius fructum a me repetere prope suo jure debet,
id. Arch. 1, 1; id. Marcell. 2, 6; id. Phil. 2, 25, 62; id. Balb. 8, 21:numquam illum res publica suo jure esset ulta,
by its unquestionable right, id. Mil. 33, 88. —Of that to which one is exclusively devoted:5. a.huic quaestioni suum diem dabimus,
a day for its exclusive discussion, Sen. Ep. 94, 52:homini autem suum bonum ratio est,
his exclusive good, id. ib. 76, 10:in majorem me quaestionem vocas, cui suus locus, suus dies dandus est,
id. Q. N. 2, 46, 1. —With proprius: mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem suo proprio magistratu egere,
that the business needed a particular officer exclusively for itself, Liv. 4, 8, 4:et Hannibalem suo proprio occupandum bello,
id. 27, 38, 7; cf.:dissupasset hostes, ni suo proprio eum proelio equites Volscorum exceptum tenuissent,
in which they alone fought, id. 3, 70, 4:mare habet suas venas quibus impletur,
by which it alone is fed, Sen. Q. N. 3, 14, 3. —Of persons, devoted to one, friendly, dear:b.Milone occiso (Clodius) habuisset suos consules,
after his own heart, Cic. Mil. 33, 89:collegit ipse se contra suum Clodium,
his dear Clodius, id. Pis. 12, 27 (cf.: suum facere, habere, II. B. 2. g).—Of things, favorable.(α).Of place: neque Jugurtham nisi... suo loco pugnam facere, on his own ground, i. e. chosen by him, favorable, Sall. J. 61, 1:(β).hic magna auxilia expectabant et suis locis bellum in hiemem ducere cogitabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 61; cf.:numquam nostris locis laboravimus,
Liv. 9, 19, 15.—Of time:c.cum Perseus suo maxime tempore et alieno hostibus incipere bellum posset,
Liv. 42, 43, 3; v. 7. b, infra. —Of circumstances: sua occasio, a favorable opportunity; sometimes without antecedent:6.neque occasioni tuae desis, neque suam occasionem hosti des,
Liv. 22, 39, 21:tantum abfuit ut ex incommodo alieno sua occasio peteretur,
id. 4, 58, 2:aestuque suo Locros trajecit,
a favorable tide, id. 23, 41, 11:ignoranti quem portum petat nullus suus ventus est,
Sen. Ep. 71, 3:orba suis essent etiamnunc lintea ventis,
Ov. M. 13, 195:aut ille Ventis iturus non suis,
Hor. Epod. 9, 30. —Of persons or things, peculiar, particular:7.quae est ei (animo) natura? Propria, puto, et sua,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:omnis enim motus animi suum quendam a natura habet vultum,
id. de Or. 3, 57, 316:geometrae et musici... more quodam loquuntur suo. Ipsae rhetorum artes verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur ac suis,
id. Fin. 3, 1, 4:sensus omnis habet suum finem,
its peculiar limits, Quint. 9, 4, 61: animus cum suum ambitum complevit et finibus se suis cinxit, consummatum est summum bonum, Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 3: est etiam in nominibus ( nouns) diverso collocatis sua gratia, their peculiar elegance, Quint. 9, 3, 86:ibi non bello aperto, sed suis artibus, fraude et insidiis, est paene circumventus,
Liv. 21, 34, 1:nec Hannibalem fefellit, suis se artibus peti,
id. 22, 16, 5:adversus hostem non virtute tantum, sed suis (i. e. hostis) etiam pugnare consiliis oportebat,
Flor. 2, 6, 26:liberam Minucii temeritatem se suo modo expleturum,
Liv. 22, 28, 2:equites ovantes sui moris carmine,
id. 10, 26, 11:exsultans cum sui moris tripudiis,
id. 21, 42, 3:tripudiantes suo more,
id. 23, 26, 9.—So, suo Marte, referring to the style of fighting peculiar to the different arms:equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare,
that the cavalry were fighting both in their own style and in that of the other arms, Liv. 3, 62, 9; cf.: suo Marte, 1, c. a, supra.—And distributively ( = suus quisque):suos autem haec operum genera ut auctores, sic etiam amatores habent,
Quint. 12, 10, 2:illa vero fatidica fulmina ex alto et ex suis venire sideribus,
Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 113; cf.:quae quidem planiora suis exemplis reddentur,
Val. Max. 3, 4 prooem.—Proper, right.a.Referring to one's ordinary or normal condition:b. (α).quod certe non fecisset, si suum numerum naves habuissent,
their regular complement, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133. — So poet.:flecte ratem! numerum non habet illa suum,
its full number, Ov. H. 10, 36:novus exercitus consulibus est decretus: binae legiones cum suo equitatu,
Liv. 40, 36, 6:cum suo justo equitatu,
id. 21, 17, 8:totam (disciplinam) in suum statum redegit,
Val. Max. 2, 7, 2:tranquilla mente et vultu suo,
with the ordinary expression of his face, Sen. Clem. 2, 6, 2:media pars aeris ab his (ignibus) submota, in frigore suo manet. Natura enim aeris gelida est,
id. Q. N. 2, 10, 4:cornuaque in patriis non sua vidit aquis,
not natural to her, Ov. H. 14, 90. —So, non suus, of ingrafted branches and their fruit: miraturque (arbos) novas frondis et non sua poma,
Verg. G. 2, 82. —The regular time ( = stato tempore):(β).signum quod semper tempore exoritur suo,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 4:cum et recte et suo tempore pepererit,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 16: aestas suo tempore incanduit...;tam solstitium quam aequinoctium suos dies retulit,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 3:omnes venti vicibus suis spirant majore ex parte,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128. —The right or proper time:(γ).salictum suo tempore caedito,
Cato, R. R. 33:cessit e vita suo magis quam suorum civium tempore,
the right time for himself, Cic. Brut. 1, 4; so,exstingui homini suo tempore optabile est,
id. Sen. 23, 85:Scandilius dicit se suo tempore rediturum,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 139:si Ardeates sua tempora exspectare velint,
Liv. 4, 7, 6:Chrysippus dicit, illum... opperiri debere suum tempus, ad quod velut dato signo prosiliat,
Sen. Ben. 2, 25, 3:quam multi exercitus tempore suo victorem hostem pepulerunt!
Liv. 44, 39, 4. — Without antecedent: sed suo tempore totius sceleris hujus fons aperietur. Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15; cf.:de ordine laudis, etc., praecipiemus suo tempore,
Quint. 2, 4, 21. —Suo loco = at the proper place:(δ).quae erant prudentiae propria suo loco dicta sunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 40, 143:quod reddetur suo loco,
Quint. 11, 1, 16:ut suo loco dicetur,
Plin. 2, 90, 102, § 221:inscripta quae suis locis reddam,
id. 1, prooem. § 27; Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2; cf. 1, c. b; 4. supra. —Suited, appropriate, adapted to one:8.in eodem fundo suum quidquid conseri oportet,
Cato, R. R. 7:siquidem hanc vendidero pretio suo,
at a suitable price, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 30:in partes suas digerenda causa,
Quint. 11, 1, 6:confundetur quidquid in suas partes natura digessit,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 29, 8. — Poet.: haec ego dumque queror, lacrimae sua verba sequuntur, Deque meis oculis in tua membra cadunt, appropriate, i. e. tristia, Ov. H. 14, 67.—Without antecedent: suum quidquid genus talearum serito, any fit kind, i. e. suited to the ground, Cato, R. R. 48. —Own, with the notion of independence of, or dependence on others (cf. B. 2. g d).a.Of political independence: pacem condicionibus his fecerunt ut Capuae suae leges, sui magistratus essent, her own laws, i. e. not subject to Carthage, Liv. 23, 7, 2: liberos [p. 1827] eos ac suis legibus victuros, id. 25, 23, 4. —b.Esp. in the phrases suae potestatis or in sua potestate esse, suo jure uti, sui juris esse: Puteolos, qui nunc in sua potestate sunt, suo jure, libertate aequa utuntur, totos occupabunt,
Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 86:Rhegini potestatis suae ad ultimum remanserunt,
retained their self-government, Liv. 23, 30, 9:urbem ne quam formulae sui juris facerent,
id. 38, 9, 10. —Of paternal authority.(α).Free from the power of the paterfamilias; in the phrases sui juris esse, suae potestatis esse, to be independent:(β).quaedam personae sui juris sunt, quaedam alieno juri sunt subjectae, Gai,
Inst. 1, 48:sui juris sunt familiarum suarum principes, id est pater familiae, itemque mater familiae,
Ulp. Fragm. 4, 1:liberi parentum potestate liberantur emancipatione. Sed filius quidem ter manumissus sui juris fit, ceteri autem liberi una manumissione sui juris fiunt,
id. ib. 10, 1:morte patris filius et filia sui juris fiunt,
id. ib. 10, 2:patres familiarum sunt qui sunt suae potestatis,
Dig. 1, 6, 4:si modo defunctus testator suae potestatis mortis tempore fuerit,
Gai. Inst. 2, 147. —With indef. reference: si sui juris sumus,
Dig. 46, 2, 20; cf.:pro suo possideo, 2. a. supra.—Attributively: sui juris arrogatio feminae,
Cod. Just. 8, 47, 8:homo sui juris,
ib. 10, § 5.— Trop.:sapiens numquam semiliber erit: integrae semper libertatis et sui juris,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 5, 3:non illarum coitu fieri cometen, sed proprium et sui juris esse,
id. Q. N. 7, 12, 2: nullique sunt tam feri et sui juris adfectus, ut non disciplina perdomentur, id. Ira, 2, 12, 3. —Subject to paternal authority, in the phrases suus heres, sui liberi; suus heres, an heir who had been in the paternal power of the deceased:D.CVI SVVS HERES NON SIT, XII. Tab. fr. 5, 4.—In the jurists without antecedent: sui et necessarii heredes sunt velut filius filiave, nepos neptisve ex filia, deinceps ceteri qui modo in potestate morientis fuerunt,
Gai. Inst. 2, 156:(emancipati liberi) non sunt sui heredes,
ib. 2, 135:alia facta est juris interpretatio inter suos heredes,
ib. 3, 15:datur patrono adversus suos heredes bonorum possessio (where patrono is not the antecedent of suos),
ib. 3, 41:sui heredes vel instituendi sunt vel exheredandi,
Ulp. Fragm. 22, 14:accrescunt suis quidem heredibus in partem virilem, extraneis autem in partem dimidiam,
id. ib. 22, 17. —Sui liberi, children in paternal power: de suis et legitimis liberis,
Cod. Just. 6, 55 inscr.In particular connections.1.With ipse, his own, etc. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696).a.Ipse agreeing with the antecedent of suus, the antecedent being,(α).A subjectnom.:(β).(ingenium ejus) valet ipsum suis viribus,
by its own strength, Cic. Cael. 19, 45:legio Martia non ipsa suis decretis hostem judicavit Antonium?
by its own resolutions, id. Phil. 4, 2, 5:ruit ipse suis cladibus,
id. ib. 14, 3, 8:si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,
id. de Or. 2, 2, 8:qui se ipse sua gravitate et castimonia defenderet,
id. Cael. 5, 11:quod ipse suae civitatis imperium obtenturus esset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3:suamet ipsae fraude omnes interierunt,
Liv. 8, 18, 9; 39, 49, 3:ut saeviret ipse in suum sanguinem effecerunt,
id. 40, 5, 1:respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,
id. 42, 52, 10; 21, 31, 12; 22, 38, 3; 6, 19, 6.—A subject-acc.:(γ).sunt qui dicant eam sua ipsam peremptam mercede,
Liv. 1, 11, 9:(tribuniciam potestatem) suis ipsam viribus dissolvi,
id. 2, 44, 2.—An object in dat. or acc.:b.sic ut ipsis consistendi in suis munitionibus locus non esset,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6:tribuni (hostem) intra suamet ipsum moenia compulere,
Liv. 6, 36, 4:alios sua ipsos invidia opportunos interemit,
id. 1, 54, 8; 22, 14, 13.—Suus as adjunct of subject (rare):aliquando sua praesidia in ipsos consurrexerunt,
their own garrisons revolted against them, Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 1.—With gen. of ipse, strengthening the possessive notion (cf. 4.;c.post-Aug. and very rare, but freq. in modern Lat.): aves (foetus suos) libero caelo suaeque ipsorum fiduciae permittunt,
Quint. 2, 6, 7 (but tuus ipsius occurs in Cic.:tuo ipsius studio,
Cic. Mur. 4, 9:tuam ipsius amicitiam,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7).—Both suus and ipse agreeing with the governing noun (very rare; not in Cic. or Caes.): quae tamen in ipso cursu suo dissipata est (= ipsa in cursu suo), in its very course, Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 3 dub.:2.suamet ipsa scelera,
Sall. C. 23, 2 (Dietsch ex conj. ipse):suismet ipsis corporibus,
Liv. 2, 19, 5 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. ipsi):a suismet ipsis praesidiis,
id. 8, 25, 6 MSS. (Weissenb. ipsi).—With quisque, distributively, each ( every one)... his own; in prose quisque is generally preceded by suus.a.Quisque and suus in different cases.(α).Quisque as subjectnom.:(β).sentit enim vim quisque suam quoad possit abuti,
Lucr. 5, 1033:suo quisque loco cubet,
Cato, R. R. 5:suum quisque noscat ingenium,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 114:ad suam quisque (me disciplinam) rapiet,
id. Ac. 2, 36, 114:quod suos quisque servos in tali re facere voluisset,
id. Mil. 10, 29:cum suo quisque auxilio uteretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 51:celeriter ad suos quisque ordines redit,
id. ib. 3, 37.—In apposition with plur. subj. (freq. in Liv.):nunc alii sensus quo pacto quisque suam rem Sentiat,
Lucr. 4, 522:ut omnes cives Romani in suis quisque centuriis prima luce adessent,
that all the Roman citizens should be present, each in his own centuria, Liv. 1, 44, 1:hinc senatus, hinc plebs, suum quisque intuentes ducem constiterant,
id. 6, 15, 3:ut (trigemini) pro sua quisque patria dimicent,
id. 1, 24, 2:stabant compositi suis quisque ordinibus,
id. 44, 38, 11:(consules) in suas quisque provincias proficiscuntur,
id. 25, 12, 2; 25, 26, 13:in suo quaeque (stella) motu naturam suam exercent,
Plin. 2, 39, 39, § 106.—With abl. absol.:omnes, velut dis auctoribus in spem suam quisque acceptis, proelium una voce poscunt,
Liv. 21, 45, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:relictis suis quisque stationibus... concurrerunt,
id. 32, 24, 4; 4, 44, 10; 39, 49, 3; 2, 38, 6.—With acc. of quisque as subj.:(γ).fabrum esse suae quemque fortunae, App. Claud. ap. Ps.-Sall. Ep. ad Caes. Rep. c. l.: sui quemque juris et retinendi et dimittendi esse dominum,
Cic. Balb. 13, 31:recipere se in domos suas quemque jussit,
Liv. 25, 10, 9; and (ungrammatically) nom., as apposition to a subj.-acc.:se non modo suam quisque patriam, sed totam Siciliam relicturos,
id. 26, 29, 3 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. quosque).—As adjunct of the subject-nom., with a case of quisque as object, attribut. gen., etc.:(δ).sua cujusque animantis natura est,
Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 25:sua quemque fraus, suum facinus, suum scelus, etc., de sanitate ac mente deturbat,
id. Pis. 20, 46:sua quemque fraus et suus terror maxime vexat,
id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:suum cuique incommodum ferendum est,
id. Off. 3, 6, 30:ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
id. Rab. Post. 17, 46:ne suus cuique domi hostis esset,
Liv. 3, 16, 3:ut sua cuique respublica in manu esset,
id. 26, 8, 11:animus suus cuique ordinem pugnandi dabat,
id. 22, 5, 8:tentorium suum cuique militi domus ac penates sunt,
id. 44, 39, 5:suus cuique (stellae) color est,
Plin. 2, 18, 16, § 79:trahit sua quemque voluptas,
Verg. E. 2, 65:stat sua cuique dies,
id. A. 10, 467.—As predicate-nom. (v. II. B.):(ε).opinionem, quae sua cuique conjectanti esse potest,
Liv. 6, 12, 3.—As adjunct of subj.-acc.:(ζ).suum cuique honorem et gradum redditum gaudeo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:scientiam autem suam cujusque artis esse,
id. Fin. 5, 9, 26.—As adjunct of an object, with a case of quisque as object or attribut. gen.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam: suum cuique amorem, mihi meum, Atil. Fragm. inc. 1: suom cuique per me uti atque frui licet, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24 (23), 1:b.ut suo quemque appellem nomine,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 52:placet Stoicis suo quamque rem nomine appellare,
Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1:ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,
id. Off. 1, 33, 119:justitia quae suum cuique distribuit,
id. N. D. 3, 15, 38:in tribuendo suum cuique,
id. Off. 1, 5, 14:Turnus sui cuique periculi recens erat documentum,
Liv. 1, 52, 4:in trimatu suo cuique dimidiam esse mensuram futurae certum esse,
Plin. 7, 15, 16, § 73:certa cuique rerum suarum possessio,
Vell. 2, 89, 4; cf.: qua re suum unicuique studium suaque omnibus delectatio relinquatur, Ps.-Cic. Cons. 26, 93.—With quemque in apposition with acc. plur.:Camillus vidit intentos opifices suo quemque operi,
Liv. 6, 25, 9; so cujusque in appos. with gen. plur.: trium clarissimorum suae cujusque gentis virorum mors, id. 39, 52, 7; and cuique with dat. plur.: sui cuique mores fingunt fortunam hominibus, Poet. ap. Nep. Att. 11, 6 (where Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, 372, reads quique, ex conj.; cf. b. b, infra).—Attraction of suus and quisque as adjuncts of nouns.(α).Attraction of suus:(β).ut nemo sit nostrum quin in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium requirat acrius (= suum cujusque generis judicium),
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:quas tamen inter omnes (voces) est suo quoque in genere (vox) mediocris ( = inter omnes voces est mediocris vox, sua quoque in genere),
id. de Or. 3, 57, 216:eo concilia suae cujusque regionis indici jussit (= sua cujusque regionis concilia),
Liv. 45, 29, 10:equites suae cuique parti post principia collocat (= equites suos cuique parti),
id. 3, 22, 6:cum motibus armorum et corporum suae cuique genti assuetis,
id. 25, 17, 5:legiones deducebantur cum tribunis et centurionibus et sui cujusque ordinis militibus (= suis cujusque),
Tac. A. 14, 27:quae sui cujusque sunt ingenii,
Quint. 7, 10, 10 Halm (al. sua):sui cujusque ingenii poma vel semina gerunt (= sua cujusque),
Col. 3, 1;and by a double attraction: has (cohortes) subsidiariae ternae et aliae totidem suae cujusque legionis subsequebantur (= has cohortes... totidem cujusque legionis, suam quaeque legionem, subsequebantur),
Caes. B. C. 1, 83. —Attraction of quisque:c.tanta ibi copia venustatum in suo quique loco sita,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 6 (al. quaeque):quodvis frumentum non tamen omne Quique suo genere inter se simile esse videbis,
Lucr. 2, 372 Lachm. and Munro ad loc.:cum verba debeant sui cujusque generis copulari,
Varr. L. L. 10, 48:in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium,
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:haec igitur proclivitas ad suum quodque genus aegrotatio dicatur,
id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28:separatim greges sui cujusque generis nocte remeabant (= greges sui quisque generis),
Liv. 24, 3, 5:ut sui cujusque mensis acciperet (frumentum),
Suet. Aug. 40;and quisque both attracted and in its own case: quia cujusque partis naturae et in corpore et in animo sua quaeque vis sit (where either cujusque or quaeque is redundant),
Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46; v. Madv. ad loc.; Cato, R. R. 23 fin.;so esp. in the phrases suo quoque tempore, anno, die, loco, etc.: pecunia, quae in stipendium Romanis suo quoque anno penderetur, deerat (= suo quaeque anno),
each instalment in the year when due, Liv. 33, 46, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:suo quoque loco,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 2; 1, 22, 6:opera quae suis quibusque temporibus anni vilicum exsequi oporteret,
Col. 11, 3:suo quoque tempore,
Vitr. 2, 9, 4:nisi sua quaque die usurae exsolverentur (= sua quaeque die),
Dig. 22, 1, 12 init.; 13, 7, 8, § 3:ut opera rustica suo quoque tempore faciat,
ib. 19, 2, 25, § 3 (al. quaeque)—In the order quisque... suus.(α).In relative clauses, comparative clauses with ut, and interrogative clauses introduced by quid, etc., where quisque immediately follows the relative, etc.:(β).ut quisque suom volt esse, ita est,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 45; cf.with sibi,
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 49; id. Lael. 9, 30:expendere oportere quid quisque habeat sui... nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant. Id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,
id. Off. 1, 31, 113:neque solum quid in senatu quisque civitatis suae dicerent ignorabant, sed, etc.,
Liv. 32, 19, 9:gratius id fore laetiusque quod quisque sua manu ex hoste captum rettulerit,
id. 5, 20, 8; 6, 25, 10; cf.:in quibus cum multa sint quae sua quisque dicere velit, nihil est quod quisque suum possit dicere,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 23, 1.—If the emphasis is not on suus, but (for quisque, when emphatic, unusquisque is used) on some other word:(γ).in civitates quemque suas... dimisit,
Liv. 21, 48, 2:in patriam quisque suam remissus est,
Just. 33, 2, 8:in vestigio quemque suo vidit,
Liv. 28, 22, 15; cf.:hospitibus quisque suis scribebant,
id. 33, 45, 6:pro facultatibus quisque suis,
id. 42, 53, 3; cf.:respiciendae sunt cuique facultates suae,
Sen. Ben. 2, 15, 3:praecipitat quisque vitam suam et futuri desiderio laborat,
id. Brev. Vit. 7, 5; id. Ben. 7, 5, 1:tunc praeceps quisque se proripit et penates suos deserit,
id. Q. N. 6, 1, 5; 5, 18, 8:summum quisque causae suae judicem facit,
Plin. 1, prooem. § 10: aestimatione nocturnae [p. 1828] quietis, dimidio quisque spatio vitae suae vivit, id. 7, 50, 51, § 167.—Poets adopt the order quisque suus when the metre requires it, Verg. A. 6, 743:(δ).oscula quisque suae matri tulerunt,
Ov. F. 2, 715. —When suus and quisque belong to different clauses:d.atque earum quaeque, suum tenens munus... manet in lege naturae,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38. —Suus uterque, or uterque suus, distributively of two subjects:3.suas uterque legiones reducit in castra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 40; 2, 28:ideo quod uterque suam legem confirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 142:cum sui utrosque adhortarentur,
Liv. 1, 25, 1:ad utrumque ducem sui redierunt,
id. 21, 29, 5:utraque (lex) sua via it,
Sen. Ben. 6, 6, 1; cf.uterque, in apposit.: nec ipsi tam inter se acriter contenderunt, quam studia excitaverant uterque sui corporis hominum,
Liv. 26, 48, 6.—With sibi.(α).Sibi with pronom. force (cf. sui, IV. C. fin.):(β).reddam suum sibi,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 119 ( = ei; but referred to b, infra, by Brix ad loc.); cf.:suam rem sibi salvam sistam,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 123:idem lege sibi sua curationem petet,
for himself, Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22 (cf. id. Phil. 2, 37, 96;I. B. 2. b. supra): ut vindicare sibi suum fulgorem possint,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 11; cf.the formula of divorce: tuas res tibi habeto,
Dig. 24, 2, 2.—Hence, illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69.—With sibi redundant, to strengthen suus (anteand post-class. and colloq.):4.quo pacto serviat suo sibi patri,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 5:eum necabam ilico per cerebrum pinna sua sibi, quasi turturem,
id. Poen. 2, 40; v. sui, IV. C. and the passages there cited.—With gen. agreeing with the subject of suus:5.quas cum solus pertulisset ut sua unius in his gratia esset,
that the credit of it should belong to him alone, Liv. 2, 8, 3:qui de sua unius sententia omnia gerat,
id. 44, 22, 11; cf.:unam Aegyptus in hoc spem habet suam,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2.—For suus ipsius, etc., v. D. 1. b. supra.—With demonstr., rel., or indef. pronn. and adjj., of his, hers, etc.:6.postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam adjutores vos profiteamini,
to this booty of his, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:Sestius cum illo exercitu suo,
id. Sest. 5, 12:qua gravitate sua,
id. ib. 61, 129:suam rem publicam illam defenderunt,
that republic of theirs, id. ib. 67, 141:in istum civem suum,
against this citizen of theirs, id. Balb. 18, 41:cum illo suo pari,
id. Pis. 8, 18:te nulla sua calamitate civitas satiare potest?
id. Phil. 8, 6, 19:dubitatis igitur, quin vos M. Laterensis ad suam spem aliquam delegerit,
for some hope of his, id. Planc. 16, 39:non tam sua ulla spe quam militum impetu tractus,
by any hope of his, Liv. 25, 21, 5:nullo suo merito,
from no fault of theirs, id. 26, 29, 4:ipse arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,
with a few of his friends, Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—With descriptive adjj.(α).Standing before the adj. and noun (so most freq.):(β).suorum improbissimorum sermonum domicilium,
Cic. Pis. 31, 76:causam sui dementissimi consilii,
id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:suam insatiabilem crudelitatem,
id. ib. 11, 3, 8:suis amplissimis fortunis,
id. ib. 13, 8, 16:suum pristinum morem,
id. Pis. 12, 27:suis lenissimis postulatis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5: simili ratione Pompeius in suis veteribus castris consedit (suis emphatic; cf. b, infra), id. ib. 3, 76.—Between the adj. and noun (less emphatic):(γ).pro eximiis suis beneficiis,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:propter summam suam humanitatem,
id. Fam. 15, 14, 1:ex praeteritis suis officiis,
Caes. B. C. 3, 60:Caesar in veteribus suis castris consedit,
id. ib. 3, 76.—After adj. and noun:7.veterem amicum suum excepit,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43:in illo ardenti tribunatu suo,
id. Sest. 54, 116.—Objectively for the pers. pron. (rare):8.neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur ( = sibi illatae),
Sall. C. 51, 11; so,neglectam ab Scipione et nimis leviter latam suam injuriam ratus,
Liv. 29, 9, 9:ipsae enim leges te a cognitione sua judicio publico reppulerunt ( = a se cognoscendo),
Cic. Balb. 14, 32:suam invidiam tali morte quaesitam ( = quaesitum esse ab eo ut homines se inviderent),
Tac. A. 3, 16; so,nulla sua invidia,
Cic. Mil. 15, 40.—Abl. fem. sua, with refert or interest, for gen. of the pers. pron.: neminem esse qui quomodo se habeat nihil sua censeat interesse, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 30:9.si scit sua nihil interesse utrum anima per os, an per jugulum exeat,
Sen. Ep. 76, 33; v. intersum, III.—Strengthened by the suffix - pte or -met.(α).By - pte (not used with ipse) affixed to the forms sua, suo, and (ante-class.) suum:(β).quom illa osculata esset suumpte amicum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 38:ut terrena suopte nutu et suo pondere in terram ferantur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:ferri suopte pondere,
id. N. D. 1, 25, 69:suapte natura,
id. Fat. 18, 42:suapte vi et natura,
id. ib. 19, 43; id. Fin. 1, 16, 54; 5, 22, 61:suopte ingenio,
Liv. 25, 18; so id. 1, 25, 1; 1, 18, 4:suapte manu,
Cic. Or. 3, 3, 10:locus suapte natura infestus,
Liv. 44, 6, 9; so,suapte natura,
id. 4, 22, 4:flumina suapte natura vasta,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 8; so id. Ben. 4, 17, 2:sponte suapte,
Varr. L. L. 6, 7, § 70.—With - met, almost always followed by ipse (in all forms of suus except suus, suum, suae, and suorum):suomet ipsi more,
Sall. J. 31, 6:suomet ipsi instrumento,
Liv. 22, 14, 13:suomet ipsi metu,
Tac. H. 3, 16 fin.:suamet ipsum pecunia,
Sall. J. 8, 2:suamet ipsae fraude,
Liv. 8, 18, 9:intra suamet ipsum moenia,
id. 6, 36, 4:suismet ipsi praesidiis,
id. 8, 25, 6:suismet ipsis corporibus,
id. 2, 19, 5:suosmet ipsi cives,
id. 2, 9, 5:suasmet ipse spes,
Tac. A. 3, 66 fin. —Without ipse:populum suimet sanguinis mercede,
Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 41, 25 Dietsch:magna pars suismet aut proxumorum telis obtruncabantur,
id. ib. 2, 52 ib. -
59 suus
sŭus, a, um (old form sos, sa, sum; dat. plur. sis, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 301 Mull.; acc. sas. id. ib. p. 325 ib.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 47; Schol. Pers. 1, 108; sing. sam for suam, Fest. p. 47 Mull.;I.so for suo, C. I. L. 5, 2007. In ante-class. verse su- with the following vowel freq. forms one syllable,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 48; id. Ps. 1, 3, 5; Ter. And. 1, 1, 68; Lucr. 1, 1022; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, 189 sqq.), pron. poss., 3 d pers. [root SVA-; Sanscr. sva, own; cf. sui; Gr. seWo-, whence sphe, etc., and he; cf. heos], of or belonging to himself, herself, etc.; his own, her own, etc.; his, her, its, their; one ' s; hers, theirs.Ordinary possessive use his, etc. (cf. the similar use of the pers. pron. sui, q. v.).A.With antecedent in the same sentence.1.The antecedent a subject-nominative, expressed or understood.(α).His:(β).Caesar copias suas divisit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 97:ille in sua sententia perseverat,
id. ib. 1, 72:tantam habebat suarum rerum fiduciam,
id. ib. 2, 37:cum sceleris sui socios Romae reliquisset,
Cic. Cat. 3, 1, 3:cur ego non ignoscam si anteposuit suam salutem meae?
id. Pis. 32, 79; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45; id. Mil. 10, 27; id. Fam. 15, 14, 1:Hanno praefecturam ejus (i.e. Muttinis) filio suo (Hannonis) dedit,
Liv. 26, 40, 7:imperat princeps civibus suis,
Sen. Clem. 1, 16, 2:nemo rem suam emit,
id. Ben. 7, 4, 8.—Her:(γ).mea Glycerium suos parentes repperit,
Ter. And. 5, 6, 5:utinam haec ignoraret suum patrem,
id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:si nunc facere volt era officium suom,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 72:ne eadem mulier cum suo conjuge honestissimum adulescentem oppressisse videatur,
Cic. Cael. 32, 78:si omnibus suis copiis excellentem virum res publica armasset,
id. Phil. 13, 16, 32.—Its:(δ).omne animal, simul et ortum est, et se ipsum et omnes partes suas diligit,
Cic. Fin. 2, 11, 33:cum mea domus ardore suo deflagrationem Italiae toti minaretur,
id. Planc. 40, 95.—Their: (legiones) si consulem suum reliquerunt, vituperandae sunt Cic. Phil. 5, 2, 4:2.mittent aliquem de suo numero,
id. ib. 11, 10, 25:rationem illi sententiae suae non fere reddebant,
id. Tusc. 1, 17, 38:qui agellos suos redimere a piratis solebant,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 37, § 85:edicunt ut ad suum vestitum senatores redirent,
id. Sest. 14, 32:suis finibus eos prohibent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 1: Allobrogibus sese persuasuros existimabant ut per suos (Allobrogum) fines eos (Helvetios) ire paterentur, id. id. 1, 6;and distributively: ac naves onerariae LXIII. in portu expugnatae, quaedam cum suis oneribus, frumento, armis, aere, etc.,
some with their several cargoes, Liv. 26, 47, 9.—With a subject-clause as antecedent:3.id sua sponte apparebat tuta celeribus consiliis praepositurum,
was selfevident, Liv. 22, 38, 13:ad id quod sua sponte satis collectum animorum erat, indignitate etiam Romani accendebantur,
id. 3, 62, 1:secutum tamen sua sponte est ut vilior ob ea regi Hannibal et suspectior fieret,
id. 35, 14, 4. —With subject-acc. as antecedent:4.hanc dicam Athenis advenisse cum aliquo amatore suo, Plant. Mil. 2, 2, 86: doceo gratissimum esse in sua tribu Plancium,
Cic. Planc. 19, 47:cupio eum suae causae confidere,
id. Sest. 64, 135:suspicari debuit (Milo), eum (Clodium) ad villam suam (Clodii) deversurum,
id. Mil. 19, 51: Medeam praedicant in fuga fratris sui membra dissipavisse, id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 22:(dixit) Caesarem pro sua dignitate debere et studium et iracundiam suam reipublicae dimittere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—With object-acc. as antecedent.(α).Suus being an adjunct of the subject (generally rendered in Engl. by a pass. constr.):(β).hunc pater suus de templo deduxit,
he was taken from the temple by his father, Cic. Inv. 2, 17, 52:hunc sui cives e civitate ejecerunt,
id. Sest. 68, 142:Alexandrum uxor sua... occidit,
id. Inv. 2, 49, 144:illum ulciscentur mores sui,
id. Att. 9, 12, 2:quodsi quem natura sua... forte deficiet,
id. Or. 1, 14:utrumque regem sua multitudo consalutaverat,
Liv. 1, 7, 1:quas (urbes) sua virtus ac dii juvent, magnas sibi opes facere,
id. 1, 9, 3; 1, 7, 15; 6, 33, 5:quos nec sua conscientia impulerit, nec, etc.,
id. 26, 33, 3; 25, 14, 7:consulem C. Marium servus suus interemit,
Val. Max. 6, 8, 2:quis non Vedium Pollionem pejus oderat quam servi sui?
Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2:sera dies sit qua illum gens sua caelo adserat,
id. Cons. Poll. 12 (31), 5.—With the antecedent understood from the principal sentence:ita forma simili pueri ut mater sua internoscere (sc. eos) non posset,
Plaut. Men. prol. 19; and with suus as adjunct both of the subject and of the antecedent: jubet salvere suos vir uxorem suam, id. merc. 4, 3, 11. —With impers. verbs:(γ).sunt homines, quos libidinis infamiaeque suae neque pudeat neque taedeat,
Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35:video fore ut inimicos tuos poeniteat intemperantiae suae,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 1:si Caesarem beneficii sui poeniteret,
id. Lig. 10, 29; so id. Agr. 2, 11, 26:jam ne nobilitatis quidem suae plebejos poenitere,
Liv. 10, 7, 8:militem jam minus virtutis poenitere suae,
id. 22, 12, 10.—As adjunct of other members of the sentence:5.ad parentes suos ducas Silenium,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 3, 86. nam is illius filiam conicit in navem clam matrem suam (i.e. filiae), id. Mil. 2, 1, 34:eosdem ad quaestoris sui aut imperatoris, aut commilitonum suorum pericula impulistis,
Cic. Phil. 13, 17, 34:totum enim ex sua patria sustulisti,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 49, § 127; id. Or. 3, 32, 126: quem (Hammonium) tibi etiam suo nomine ( on his own account) commendo... itaque peto a te ut ejus procuratorem et ipsum suo nomine diligas, id. Fam. 13, 21, 2:Caesar Fabium in sua remittit hiberna,
Caes. B. G. 5, 33; id. B. C. 3, 24:introire ad Ciceronem, et domi suae imparatum confodere,
Sall. C. 28, 1:suis flammis delete Fidenas,
i. e. the flames kindled by the Fidenates, Liv. 4, 33, 5:suo igni involvit hostes,
Tac. A. 14, 30:quid Caesarem in sua fata inmisit?
Sen. Ep. 94, 65; id. Q. N. 1, praef. 7; cf.with antecedent supplied from preceding sentence: non destiti rogare et petere (sc. Brutum) mea causa, suadere et hortari sua,
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7.—With dat. as antecedent.(α).As adjunct of subject (cf. 4. supra):(β).suus rex reginae placet,
a queen likes her own king, Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 76:ei nunc alia ducenda'st domum, sua cognata Lemniensis,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 101:Autronio nonne sodales, non collegae sui... defuerunt?
Cic. Sull. 2, 7:si ceteris facta sua recte prosunt,
id. Cat. 3, 12, 27:cui non magistri sui atque doctores, cui non... locus ipse... in mente versetur?
id. Planc. 33, 81:haec omnia plane... Siculis erepta sunt: primum suae leges, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 13, § 33:Romanis multitudo sua auxit animum,
Liv. 21, 50, 4:sicuti populo Romano sua fortuna labet,
id. 42, 50, 7:Lanuvinis sacra sua reddita,
id. 8, 14, 2:vilitas sua illis detrahit pretium,
Sen. Ben. 4, 29, 2:nemo est cui felicitas sua satisfaciat,
id. Ep. 115, 17:labor illi suus restitutus est,
id. Brev. Vit. 20, 3:magnitudo sua singulis constat,
id. Q. N. 1, 1, 10:tantum sapienti sua, quantum Dec omnis aetas patet,
id. Ep. 53, 11. —With antecedent supplied from principal sentence: mater quod suasit sua Adulescens mulier fecit, i.e. ei,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 38.—Of other words:6.regique Thebano regnum stabilivit suum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 40:mittam hodie huic suo die natali malam rem magnam,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 5:ego Metello non irascor, neque ei suam vacationem eripio,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 68, § 164:desinant insidiari domui suae consuli,
id. Cat. 1, 13, 32:quibus ea res honori fuerit a suis civibus,
id. Mil. 35, 96: Scipio suas res Syracusanis restituit, Liv. [p. 1824] 29, 1, 17:nos non suas (leges Lacedaemoniis arbitror) ademisse, sed nostras leges dedisse,
id. 39, 37, 6:Graccho et Tuditano provinciae Lucani et Galliae cum suis exercitibus prorogatae,
id. 25, 3, 5.—With gen., abl., or object of a prep. as antecedent:7.nec illius animi aciem praestringit splendor sui nominis,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43:nolite a sacris patriis Junonis Sospitae domesticum et suum consulem avellere,
id. Mur. 41, 90:quamvis tu magna mihi scripseris de Bruti adventu ad suas legiones,
id. Att. 14, 13, 12:suae legis ad scriptum ipsam quoque sententiam adjungere,
the meaning of their law to which they refer, id. Inv. 2, 49, 147:cum ambitio alterius suam primum apud eos majestatem solvisset,
Liv. 22, 42, 12:nunc causam instituendorum ludorum ab origine sua repetam,
Val. Max. 2, 4, 4:Jubam in regno suo non locorum notitia adjuvet, non popularium pro rege suo virtus,
Sen. Ep. 71, 10; id. Ben. 7, 6, 3; id. Clem. 1, 3, 4.—Esp. with cujusque as antecedent:in qua deliberatione ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,
Cic. Off. 1, 33, 119 (v. II. D. 2. infra).— Abl.:operam dare ut sua lex ipso scripto videatur niti,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 147 (cf. supra):(Caesar reperiebat) ad Galbam propter justitiam prudentiamque suam totius belli summam deferri,
Caes. B. G. 2, 4:credere, ad suum concilium a Jove deos advocari,
Sen. Q. N. 2, 42, 1.—With predic. nom. as antecedent:8.sapientissimi artis suae professores sunt a quibus et propria studia verecunde et aliena callide administrantur,
Val. Max. 8, 12, 1.—With appositive noun.(α).With gram. subject as antecedent:(β).hoc Anaximandro, populari ac sodali suo, non persuasit,
Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 118:vidit fortissimum virum, inimicissimum suum,
id. Mil. 9, 25:(hic) fuit in Creta contubernalis Saturnini, propinqui sui,
id. Planc. 11, 27:ut non per L. Crassum, adfinem suum... causam illam defenderit,
id. Balb. 21, 49:ne cum hoc T. Broccho, avunculo, ne cum ejus filio, consobrino suo, ne nobiscum vivat,
id. Lig. 4, 11:Caesar mittit ad eum A. Clodium, suum atque illius familiarem,
Caes. B. C. 3, 57.—With object as antecedent:(γ).Dicaearchum cum Aristoxeno, aequali et condiscipulo suo, omittamus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 18, 41:tres fratres optimos, non solum sibi ipsos, neque nobis, necessariis suis, sed etiam rei publicae condonavit,
id. Lig. 12, 36:Varroni, quem, sui generis hominem,... vulgus extrahere ad consulatum nitebatur,
Liv. 22, 34, 2.—With appositive noun as antecedent:9.si P. Scipionem, clarissimum virum, majorumque suorum simillimum res publica tenere potuisset,
Cic. Phil. 13, 14, 29:M. Fabi Ambusti, potentis viri cum inter sui corporis homines, tum ad plebem, etc.,
Liv. 6, 34, 5:C. vero Fabricii, et Q. Aemilii Papi, principum saeculi sui, domibus argentum fuisse confitear oportet,
Val. Max. 4, 4, 3.—In participial clauses.(α).The antecedent being the logical subject of the participle, and other than the principal subject:(β).credamus igitur Panaetio, a Platone suo dissentienti ( = qui dissentiebat),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 32, 79:ea Sex. Roscium, expulsum ex suis bonis, recepit domum,
id. Rosc. Am. 10, 27:diffidentemque rebus suis confirmavit,
id. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23:Dejotarum ad me venientem cum omnibus copiis suis, certiorem feci, etc.,
id. Fam. 15, 4, 7; id. Cat. 4, 9, 18: si hominis et suis et populi Romani ornamentis amplissimi ( being greatly distinguished) causam repudiassem, id. Mur. 4, 8:stupentes tribunos et suam jam vicem magis anxios quam, etc., liberavit consensus populi Romani,
Liv. 8, 35, 1; 22, 42, 8:manet in folio scripta querela suo ( = quam scripsit),
Ov. F. 5, 224; cf. in abl. absol.:et ipsis (hostibus) regressis in castra sua,
Liv. 22, 60, 9:quibus (speculis) si unum ostenderis hominem, populus adparet, unaquaque parte faciem exprimente sua,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 5.—The logical subject of the participle, being also the principal subject:(γ).sic a suis legionibus condemnatus irrupit in Galliam,
Cic. Phil. 10, 10, 21:hunc agrum patres nostri, acceptum a majoribus suis ( = quem acceperant), perdiderunt,
id. Agr. 2, 31, 84:ut in suis ordinibus dispositi dispersos adorirentur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 92: Appius, odium in se aliorum suo in eos metiens odio, haud ignaro, inquit, imminet fortuna, Liv. 3, 54, 3:ipsa capit Condita in pharetra ( = quae condiderat) tela minora sua,
Ov. F. 2, 326; cf. in abl. absol.:Sopater, expositis suis difficultatibus ( = cum exposuisset, etc.): Timarchidem... perducit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 28, § 69:Caesar, primum suo deinde omnium ex conspectu remotis equis, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25:Campani, audita sua pariter sociorumque clade, legatos ad Hannibalem miserunt,
Liv. 25, 15, 1:(Appius) deposito suo magistratu... domum est reductus,
id. 4, 24, 7; 3, 35, 9; 9, 10, 13; 9, 41, 9.—The antecedent being the principal subject, not the logical subject of the participle:10.M. Papirius dicitur Gallo, barbam suam (i.e. Papirii) permulcenti,... iram movisse,
Liv. 5, 41, 9: cum Gracchus, verecundia deserendi socios, implorantis fidem suam populique Romani, substitisset. id. 23, 36, 8; cf. in abl. absol.:si sine maximo dedecore, tam impeditis suis rebus, potuisset emori,
Cic. Rab. Post. 10, 29; id. Mil. 14, 38; id. Planc. 21, 51; id. Clu. 14, 42:ita (consul) proelio uno accidit Vestinorum res, haudquaquam tamen incruento milite suo (consulis),
Liv. 8, 29, 12; cf.with antecedent to be supplied: Campani, cum, robore juventutis suae acciso, nulla (sc. eis) propinqua spes esset, etc.,
id. 7, 29, 7.—In gerund. construction. ( a) With subject as antecedent:(β).mihi ipsa Roma ad complectendum conservatorem suum progredi visa est,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52.—With object, the logical subjects of the gerund as antecedent:(γ).cur iis persequendi juris sui... adimis potestatem?
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21:si senatui doloris sui de me declarandi potestas esset erepta,
id. Sest. 23, 51:nec tribunis plebis (spatium datur) sui periculi deprecandi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5.—With antecedent dependent on the gerund:11.eamque rem illi putant a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19.—As adjunct of a noun dependent on a subjectinf., with its logical subject as antecedent:B. 1.magnum Miloni fuit, conficere illam pestem nulla sua invidia?
Cic. Mil. 15, 40:neque enim fuit Gabinii, remittere tantum de suo nec regis, imponere tantum plus suis,
his claim, id. Rab. Post. 11, 31:Piso, cui fructum pietatis suae neque ex me neque a populo Romano ferre licuit,
id. Sest. 31, 68:ei cujus magis intersit, vel sua, vel rei publicae causa vivere,
id. Off. 3, 23, 90:sapientis est consilium explicare suum de maximis rebus,
id. Or. 2, 81, 333; id. Mil. 15, 41.—With logical subject understood:totam Italiam suis colonis ut complere (sc. eis) liceat, permittitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 13, 34:maximum (sc. eis) solacium erit, propinquorum eodem monumento declarari, et virtutem suorum, et populi Romani pietatem,
id. Phil. 14, 13, 35.Dependent on subject-inff.:2.ejusdem animi est, posteris suis amplitudinem nobis quam non acceperit tradere, et memoriam prope intermortuam generis sui, virtute renovare,
Cic. Mur. 7, 16:siquidem atrocius est, patriae parentem quam suum occidere,
id. Phil. 2, 13, 31:miliens perire est melius quam in sua civitate sine armorum praesidio non posse vivere,
id. ib. 2, 44, 112: quanto est honestius, alienis injuriis quam suis commoveri, one ' s own, id. Verr. 2, 3, 72, § 169:contentum suis rebus esse maximae sunt certissimaeque divitiae,
id. Par. 6, 51:ut non liceat sui commodi causa nocere alteri,
id. Off. 3, 5, 23:detrahere de altero sui commodi causa,
id. ib. 3, 5, 24:suis exemplis melius est uti,
Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2:levius est sua decreta tollere quam aliorum,
Liv. 3, 21. 5; 39, 5, 2;29, 37, 11: satius est vitae suae rationes quam frumenti publici nosse,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 18, 3:quanto satius est sua mala exstinguere quam aliena posteris tradere?
id. Q. N. 3, praef. 5:cum initia beneficiorum suorum spectare, tum etiam exitus decet,
id. Ben. 2, 14, 2; 3, 1, 5:Romani nominis gloriae, non suae, composuisse illa decuit,
Plin. 1, prooem. § 16.—With 1 st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent: cum possimus ab Ennio sumere... exemplum, videtur esse arrogantia illa relinquere, et ad sua devenire, to one ' s own = to our own, Auct. Her. 4, 1, 2.—Without a subject-inf.:C.omnia torquenda sunt ad commodum suae causae... sua diligenter narrando,
Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30: ut in ceteris habenda ratio non sua (al. sui) solum, sed etiam aliorum, id. Off. 1, 39, 139:erat Dareo mite ac tractabile ingenium, nisi suam naturam plerumque fortuna corrumperet (suam not referring to Dareo),
Curt. 3, 2, 17 MSS. (Foss, mansuetam). — With 1 st pers. plur., as indef. antecedent (cf. 1. supra):non erit ista amicitia sed mercatura quaedam utilitatum suarum,
Cic. N. D. 1, 44, 122; cf.: pro suo possidere, II. A. 2. a. g; and Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73, II. A. 2. b. a; cf. also II. B. 1. a; II. B. 5. c.; II. B. 7. b.; II. C. 8. b. b infra.With antec. in a previous sentence. Here ejus, eorum, earum are used for his, her, their, unless the clause is oblique in regard to the antecedent, i. e. the antecedent is conceived as the author of the statement.1.In clauses dependent on a verbum sentiendi or dicendi, expressed or understood, referring to the grammatical or logical subject of the verb.a.In infinitive clauses:b.(Clodius) Caesaris potentiam suam potentiam esse dicebat,
Cic. Mil. 32, 88:(Caelius) a sua (causa) putat ejus (i.e. Ascitii) esse sejunctam,
id. Cael. 10, 24:ipsos certo scio non negare ad haec bona Chrysogonum accessisse impulsu suo (referring to ipsos),
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 107:hostes viderunt,... suorum tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire,
Caes. B. C. 2, 16:docent, sui judicii rem non esse,
id. ib. 1, 13.—The reference of suus may be ambiguous, esp. if an infinitive is dependent on another:hoc Verrem dicere ajebant, te... opera sua consulem factum, i.e. Verris, though grammatically it might refer to the subj. of aiebant,
Cic. Verr. 1, 10, 29:(Ariovistus) dixit neminem secum sine sua pernicie contendisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 36; cf. the context with, in all, eleven reflexive pronouns referring to four different antecedents (populus Romanus, Ariovistus, Caesar, nemo); cf.also: occurrebat ei, mancam praeturam suam futuram consule Milone,
Cic. Mil. 9, 25; 32, 88; Liv. 3, 42, 2.—Suus in a clause dependent on inf.:c.scio equidem, ut, qui argentum afferret atque expressam imaginem suam (i.e. militis) huc ad nos, cum eo ajebat velle mitti mulierem,
Plaut. Ps. 2, 2, 55:isti bonorum emptores arbitrantur, vos hic sedere qui excipiatis eos qui de suis (i.e. emptorum) manibus effugerint,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 52, 151:Siculi venisse tempus ajebant ut commoda sua defenderem,
id. Div. in Caecil. 1, 3:ut tunc tandem sentiret recuperanda esse quae prius sua culpa amissa forent,
Liv. 44, 8, 4. —Ambiguous: velle Pompejum se Caesari purgatum, ne ea quae reipublicae causa egerit (Pompejus) in suam (i.e. Caesaris) contumeliam vertat (where suam might be referred to Pompejus),
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.—In oblique clauses introduced by ut or ne, or clauses subordinate to such:d.Cassius constituit ut ludi absente te fierent suo nomine,
Cic. Att. 15, 11, 2:postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam tam nefariam adjutores vos profiteamini,
id. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:Nasidius eos magnopere hortatur ut rursus cum Bruti classe, additis suis (i.e. Nasidii) auxiliis confligant,
Caes. B. C. 2, 3:(regem) denuntiasse sibi ut triduo regni sui decederent finibus,
Liv. 42, 25, 12:Sabinae mulieres, hinc patres, hinc viros orantes, ne parricidio macularent partus suos (i.e. mulierum),
id. 1, 13, 2:Patron praecepit suis ut arma induerent, ad omne imperium suum parati,
Curt. 5, 11, 1.—With reflex. pron., referring to a different antecedent:ad hanc (Laidem) Demosthenes clanculum adit, et ut sibi copiam sui faceret, petit,
Gell. 1, 8, 5. —In subordinate clauses introduced by quin or quod:e.(Dejotarus) non recusat quin id suum facinus judices,
Cic. Deiot. 15, 43; so id. ib. 4, 15;16, 45: parietes hujus curiae tibi gratias agere gestiunt, quod futura sit illa auctoritas in his majorum suorum et suis sedibus,
id. Marcell. 3, 10:quidni gauderet quod iram suam nemo sentiret?
Sen. Troad. 3, 13:querenti quod uxor sua e fico se suspendisset,
Quint. 6, 3, 88;and with intentional ambiguity: cum Proculejus quereretur de filio quod is mortem suam expectaret,
id. 9, 3, 68. —In interrogative clauses:2.si, quod officii sui sit, non occurrit animo, nihil umquam omnino aget,
Cic. Ac. 2, 8, 25:ut non auderet iterum dicere quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
id. Caecin. 10, [p. 1825] 28:donec sciat unisquisque quid sui, quid alieni sit,
Liv. 6, 27, 8:rex ignarus, quae cum Hannibale legatis suis convenisset, quaeque legati ejus ad se allaturi fuissent,
id. 23, 39, 2:postquam animadvertit quantus agminis sui terror esset,
id. 43, 19, 5. —In a virtually oblique clause.a.In final clause, introduced by ut, ne, or rel., referring to the subject of the purpose:b.me a portu praemisit domum, ut haec nuntiem uxori suae,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 41:quasi Appius ille Caecus viam muniverit, non qua populus uteretur, sed ubi impune sui posteri latrocinarentur, i. e. Appii,
Cic. Mil. 7, 17:quae gens ad Caesarem legatos mise. rat, ut suis omnibus facultatibus uteretur,
Caes. B. C. 3, 80:inde castra movent, ne qua vis sociis suis ab Romano exercitu inferri possit,
Liv. 43, 23, 5:(Romani) Albam a fundamentis proruerunt, ne memoria originum suarum exstaret,
id. 26, 13, 16:oppidani nuntios Romam, qui certiorem de suo casu senatum facerent, misere,
id. 6, 33, 7; cf.:tanto intervallo ab hostibus consedit, ut nec adventus suus propinquitate nimia nosci posset, et, etc.,
Liv. 10, 20, 7:Datames locum delegit talem ut non multum obesse multitudo hostium suae paucitati posset,
Nep. Dat. 7, 3:quid si gubernator a diis procellas petat ut gratior ars sua periculo fiat?
Sen. Ben. 6, 25, 4. —In other dependent clauses represented as conceived by an antecedent in the principal sentence:D.Sulla, si sibi suus pudor ac dignitas non prodesset, nullum auxilium requisivit ( = negavit se defendi velle, si, etc.),
Cic. Sull. 5, 15:Paetus omnes libros quos frater suus reliquisset mihi donavit ( = dixit se donare libros quos, etc.),
id. Att. 2, 1, 12:non enim a te emit, sed, priusquam tu suum sibi venderes, ipse possedit ( = potitus est, ne, etc.),
id. Phil. 2, 37, 96:Africanus, si sua res ageretur, testimonium non diceret,
id. Rosc. Am. 36, 3:ille ipse (Pompejus) proposuit epistulam illam, in qua est Pro tuis rebus gestis amplissimis. Amplioribusne quam suis, quam Africani?
id. Att. 8, 9, 2:spiritus dabat (Manlio) quod... vinculorum suorum invidiam dictator fugisset,
Liv. 6, 18, 4:(Numa) Camenis eum lucum sacravit, quod earum ibi concilia cum conjuge sua Egeria essent,
id. 1, 21, 3:adulescens deos omnis invocare ad gratiam illi pro se referendam, quoniam sibi nequaquam satis facultatis pro suo animo atque illius erga se esset,
id. 26, 50, 4 (cf. D. 1. a. infra).In the place of ejus.1.In clauses virtually oblique, but with indicative, being conceived by the antecedent (hence suus, not ejus), but asserted as fact by the author (hence indicative, not subjunctive):2.Cicero tibi mandat ut Aristodemo idem respondeas, quod de fratre suo (Ciceronis) respondisti,
Cic. Att. 2, 7, 4:oriundi ab Sabinis, ne, quia post Tatii mortem ab sua parte non erat regnatum, imperium amitterent, sui corporis creari regem volebant,
Liv. 1, 17, 2:C. Caesar villam pulcherrimam, quia mater sua aliquando in illa custodita erat, diruit,
Sen. Ira, 3, 21, 5:Philemonem, a manu servum, qui necem suam per venenum inimicis promiserat, non gravius quam simplici morte punivit,
Suet. Caes. 74; cf.:quomodo excandescunt si quid e juba sua decisum est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 3.—To avoid ambiguity:3.petunt rationes illius (Catilinae) ut orbetur consilio res publica, ut minuatur contra suum (i.e. Catilinae) furorem imperatorum copia (instead of ejus, which might be referred to res publica),
Cic. Mur. 39, 83:equites a cornibus positos, cum jam pelleretur media peditum suorum acies, incurrisse ab lateribus ferunt,
Liv. 1, 37, 3.—Colloquially and in epistolary style suus is used emphatically instead of ejus, with the meaning own, peculiar: deinde ille actutum subferret suus servus poenas Sosia, his own slave (opp. Mercury, who personates Sosias), Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 19: mira erant in civitatibus ipsorum furta Graecorum quae magistratus sui fecerant, their own magistrates ( = ipsorum), Cic. Att. 6, 2, 5:4.in quibus (litteris Bruti) unum alienum summa sua prudentia (est), ut spectem ludos suos,
his peculiar prudence, id. ib. 15, 26, 1; so,quod quidem ille (Nero) decernebat, quorumdam dolo ad omina sui exitus vertebatur,
Tac. A. 16, 24; cf. II. A. 1. b and g; II. A. 2. a. b; II. B. 3.—Without particular emphasis (mostly ante- and post-class. and poet.):II.tum erit tempestiva cum semen suum maturum erit,
Cato, R. R. 31:vitis si macra erit, sarmenta sua concidito minute,
id. ib. 37:qui sic purgatus erit, diuturna valetudine utatur, neque ullus morbus veniet, nisi sua culpa,
id. ib. 157:Cimon in eandem invidiam incidit quam pater suus,
Nep. Cim. 3, 1:id qua ratione consecutus sit (Lysander) latet. Non enim virtute sui exercitus factum est, etc.,
id. Lys. 1, 2:ipse sub Esquiliis, ubi erat regia sua, Concidit,
Ov. F. 6, 601:quodque suus conjux riguo collegerat horto, Truncat olus foliis,
id. M. 8, 646; so id. ib. 15, 819.In partic.A.As substt.1.sui, suorum, m., his, their (etc.) friends, soldiers, fellow-beings, equals, adherents, followers, partisans, posterity, slaves, family, etc., of persons in any near connection with the antecedent.(α).(Corresp. to the regular usage, I. A. B. C.) Cupio abducere ut reddam (i.e. eam) suis, to her family, friends, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 77; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 66:(β).cum animus societatem caritatis coierit cum suis, omnesque natura conjunctos suos duxerit,
fellow-beings, Cic. Leg. 1, 23, 60:mulier ingeniosa praecepit suis omnia Caelio pollicerentur,
her slaves, id. Cael. 25, 62:quo facilius et nostras domos obire, et ipse a suis coli possit,
his friends, id. ib. 7, 18:qua gratiam beneficii vestri cum suorum laude conjungant,
their family, id. Agr. 2, 1, 1:vellem hanc contemptionem pecuniae suis reliquisset,
to his posterity, id. Phil. 3, 6, 16:cum divisurum se urbem palam suis polliceretur,
his partisans, id. ib. 13, 9, 19:Caesar, cohortatus suos, proelium commisit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 25; so,Curio exercitum reduxit, suis omnibus praeter Fabium incolumibus,
id. B. C. 2, 35:Caesar receptui suorum timens,
id. ib. 3, 46:certior ab suis factus est, praeclusas esse portas,
id. ib. 2, 20:omnium suorum consensu, Curio bellum ducere parabat,
id. ib. 2, 37: so,Pompejus suorum omnium hortatu statuerat proelio decertare,
id. ib. 3, 86:Caesar Brundisium ad suos severius scripsit,
to his officers, id. ib. 3, 25:naviculam conscendit cum paucis suis,
a few of his followers, id. ib. 3, 104:multum cum suis consiliandi causa secreto praeter consuetudinem loqueretur,
id. ib. 1, 19:nupsit Melino, adulescenti inprimis inter suos et honesto et nobili,
his equals, associates, Cic. Clu. 5, 11:rex raptim a suis in equum impositus fugit,
his suite, Liv. 41, 4, 7:subsidio suorum proelium restituere,
comrades, id. 21, 52, 10:feras bestias... ad opem suis ferendam avertas,
their young, id. 26, 13, 12:abstulit sibi in suos potestatem,
his slaves, Sen. Ira, 3, 12, 6:Besso et Nabarzani nuntiaverant sui regem... interemptum esse,
their fellow - conspirators, Curt. 5, 12, 14. — Very rarely sing.:ut bona mens suis omnibus fuerit. Si quem libido abripuit, illorum eum, cum quibus conjuravit, non suum judicet esse,
Liv. 39, 16, 5.—Irregular use (acc. to I. D.): sui = ejus amici, etc. (freq.;(γ).the absolute use of ejus in this sense being inadmissible): quasi vero quisquam dormiat? ne sui quidem hoc velint, non modo ipse (sui = ejus amici, liberi),
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 92:is (annus) ejus omnem spem... morte pervertit. Fuit hoc luctuosum suis, acerbum patriae, etc.,
id. Or. 3, 2, 8:quadrigas, quia per suos ( = ipsius milites) agendae erant, in prima acie locaverat rex,
Liv. 37, 41, 8:auctoritatem Pisistrati qui inter suos ( = ejus cives) maxima erat,
id. 37, 12:quo cum multitudine adversariorum sui superarentur, ipse fuit superior, etc.,
Nep. Hann. 8, 4; v. g.—Without antecedent (cf. I. B. supra): quoties necesse est fallere aut falli a suis, by one ' s friends, Sen. Phoen. 493.—(δ).Sing.: sŭa, suae. f., a sweetheart, mistress (rare): illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit. Cic. Phil. 2, 28. 69:2. a.cedo quid hic faciet sua?
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 92.—Sing.(α).Lit.:(β).nec suom adimerem alteri,
his property, his own, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 38 (34):nunc si ille salvos revenit, reddam suom sibi (v. D. 3. a. infra),
id. ib. 1, 2, 119:illum studeo quam facillime ad suum pervenire,
Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 4:populi Romani hanc esse consuetudinem ut socios sui nihil deperdere velit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43; cf. Cic. Rab. Post. 11, 3, I. A. 11. supra:nec donare illi de suo dicimur,
Sen. Ben. 7, 4, 2; so esp. with quisque; v. infra — Hence, de suo = per se, or sua sponte;(stellae) quae per igneos tractus labentia inde splendorem trahant caloremque, non de suo clara,
Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 6. —Trop.:(γ).meum mihi placebat, illi suum (of a literary essay),
Cic. Att. 14, 20, 3: suom quemque decet, his own manners, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 11; so, expendere oportet quid quisque habeat sui ( what peculiarities) nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant;id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113.—Jurid. term: aliquid pro suo possidere, to possess in the belief of one ' s legal right:b.pro suo possessio tale est, cum dominium nobis acquiri putamus. Et ea causa possidemus ex qua acquiritur, et praeterea pro suo,
Dig. 41, 10, 1;so without an antecedent, and referring to a first person: item re donata, pro donato et pro suo possideo,
ib. 41, 10, 1; v. the whole tit. ib. 42, 10 (Pro suo); cf. ib. 23, 3, 67; cf. C., infra fin.;similarly: usucapere pro suo = acquire dominion by a possession pro suo, Fragm. Vat. 111: res pro suo, quod justam causam possidendi habet, usucapit,
id. ib. 260; Dig. 41, 3, 27. —Plur.(α).One ' s property:(β).Roscius tibi omnia sua praeter animam tradidit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 146:qui etiam hostibus externis victis sua saepissime reddiderunt,
id. Agr. 1, 6, 19:tu autem vicinis tuis Massiliensibus sua reddis,
id. Att. 14, 14, 6:Remi legatos miserunt qui dicerent se suaque omnia in fidem atque potestatem populi Romani permittere,
Caes. B. G. 2, 3, 2; 1, 11, 2; 2, 13, 2:ipsi milites alveos informes quibus se suaque transveherent, faciebant,
their baggage, Liv. 21, 26, 9:docere eos qui sua permisere fortunae,
Sen. Q. N. 3, praef. 7; so without an antecedent, one ' s own property (cf. I. B. 2. supra):hanc ob causam maxime ut sua tenerentur res publicae constitutae sunt,
Cic. Off. 2, 21, 73;rarely = eorum res: quod vero etiam sua reddiderint (i.e. Gallis),
Liv. 39, 55, 3. —One ' s own affairs:B.aliena ut melius videant et dijudicent Quam sua,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 96:cognoscunt... immobile agmen et sua quemque molientem,
Liv. 10, 20, 8:omnia ei hostium non secus quam sua nota erant,
id. 22, 41, 5:aliena cum suis perdidit,
Sen. Ben. 7, 16, 3.— Absol., referring to a noun fem.: sua (finxit) C. Cassius ( = suas persuasiones; cf.the context),
Quint. 6, 3, 90.Predicative uses: suum esse, facere, fieri, putare, etc., like a gen. poss., to be, etc., the property, or under the dominion, control, power of the antecedent.1.Of property in things.(α).Corporeal:(γ).scripsit causam dicere Prius aurum quare sit suum,
Ter. Eun. prol. 11:nihil erat cujusquam quod non hoc anno suum fore putabat (Clodius),
Cic. Mil. 32, 87:quia suum cujusque fit, eorum quae natura fuerant communia quod cuique obtigit, id quisque teneat,
id. Off. 1, 7, 21:Juba suam esse praedicans praedam,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84:gratum sibi populum facturum, si omnes res Neapolitanorum suas duxissent,
Liv. 22, 32, 8: libros esse dicimus Ciceronis;eosdem Dorus librarius suos vocat,
Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 1:cum enim istarum personarum nihil suum esse possit,
since these persons can own nothing, Gai. Inst. 2, 96; cf. Dig. 1, 7, 15 pr.—Virtually predicative:referas ad eos qui suam rem nullam habent ( = rem quae sua sit),
nothing of their own, Cic. Phil. 2, 6, 15:qui in potestate nostra est, nihil suum habere potest,
Gai. Inst. 2, 84. — ( b) Of literary works:quae convenere in Andriam ex Perinthia Fatetur transtulisse, atque usum pro suis ( = quasi sua essent),
Ter. And. prol. 14:potest autem... quae tum audiet... ingenue pro suis dicere,
his own thoughts, Quint. 12, 3, 3.—Of a country or people:(δ).suum facere = suae dicionis facere: commemorat ut (Caesar) magnam partem Italiae beneficio atque auctoritate eorum suam fecerit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32:in quam (Asiam) jam ex parte suam fecerit,
Liv. 44, 24, 4:crudelissima ac superbissima gens sua omnia suique arbitrii facit,
id. 21, 44, 5.—Trop.:2.omnia sua putavit quae vos vestra esse velletis,
Cic. Phil. 11, 12, 27:non meminit, illum exercitum senatus populique Romani esse, non suum,
id. ib. 13, 6, 4: [p. 1826] probavit, non rempublicam suam esse, sed se reipublicae, Sen. Clem. 1, 19, 8;so of incorporeal things: hi si velint scire quam brevis eorum vita sit, cogitent ex quota parte sua sit,
how much of it is their own, id. Brev. Vit. 19, 3; so, suum facere, to appropriate:prudentis est, id quod in quoque optimum est, si possit, suum facere,
Quint. 10, 2, 26:quaeremus quomodo animus (hanc virtutem) usu suam faciat,
Sen. Clem. 1, 3, 1.—Of persons.(α).Under a master ' s or father ' s control:(β).ut lege caverent, ne quis quem civitatis mutandae causa suum faceret, neve alienaret,
make any one his slave, Liv. 41, 8, 12: quid eam tum? suamne esse ajebat, his daughter, i.e. in his power? Ter. And. 5, 4, 29:eduxit mater pro sua ( = quasi sua esset),
id. Eun. 1, 2, 76.—Reflexively = sui juris, independent, one ' s own master or mistress, not subject to another ' s control, under one ' s own control (v. sui juris, infra):(γ).ancilla, quae mea fuit hodie, sua nunc est,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 3, 3.—Of moral power over others: suus = devoted to one:(δ).hice hoc munere arbitrantur Suam Thaidem esse,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 38:eos hic fecit suos Paulo sumptu,
id. Ad. 5, 4, 21:sed istunc exora, ut (mulierem) suam esse adsimulet,
to be friendly to him, id. Heaut. 2, 3, 117:cum Antonio sic agens ut perspiciat, si in eo negotio nobis satisfecerit, totum me futurum suum,
Cic. Att. 14, 1 a, 2:Alpheus... utebatur populo sane suo,
devoted to him, id. Quint. 7, 29.— Poet.: vota suos habuere deos, the vows (inst. of the persons uttering them) had the gods on their side, Ov. M. 4, 373. —Of power over one's self, etc.:3.nam qui sciet ubi quidque positum sit, quaque eo veniat, is poterit eruere, semperque esse in disputando suus,
self-possessed, Cic. Fin. 4, 4, 10:inaestimabile bonum est suum fieri,
selfcontrol, Sen. Ep. 75, 18:(furiosus) qui suus non est,
Dig. 42, 4, 7, § 9:vix sua, vix sanae virgo Niseia compos Mentis erat,
Ov. M. 8, 35. —Suum est, as impers. predicate: = ejus est, characteristic of, peculiar to one (very rare):C.dixit antea, sed suum illud est, nihil ut affirmet,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 42, 99.Attributive usages, almost always (except in Seneca) with suus before its noun.1.The property, relations, affairs, etc., of one opposed to those of another, own.a.Opposition expressed:b.nihil de suo casu, multa de vestro querebatur,
Cic. Balb. 8, 21:sua sibi propiora pericula quam mea loquebantur,
id. Sest. 18, 40:suasque et imperatoris laudes canentes,
Liv. 45, 38, 12:damnatione collegae et sua,
id. 22, 35, 3:Senecae fratris morte pavidum et pro sua incolumitate pavidum,
Tac. A. 14, 73:velut pro Vitellio conquerentes suum dolorem proferebant,
id. H. 3, 37;opp. alienus: ut suo potius tempore mercatorem admitterent, quam celerius alieno,
at a time convenient to themselves, Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 11. —Without antecedent, opp. externus:(Platoni) duo placet esse motus, unum suum, alterum externum, esse autem divinius quod ipsum ex se sua sponte moveatur, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 2, 12, 32. —Implied:c.voluptatem suis se finibus tenere jubeamus,
within the limits assigned to it, Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 1:cum vobis immortale monumentum suis paene manibus senatus... exstruxerit,
id. Phil. 14, 12, 33:superiores (amnes) in Italia, hic (Rhodanus) trans Alpes, hospitales suas tantum, nec largiores quam intulere aquas vehentes,
Plin. 2, 103, 106, § 224: colligitur aqua ex imbribus;ex suo fonte nativa est,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 3:pennas ambo non habuere suas (non suas = alienas),
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 24. —In particular phrases. ( a) Sua sponte and suo Marte, of one ' s own accord, by one ' s self, without the suggestion, influence, aid, etc., of others:(β).Caesar bellum contra Antonium sua sponte suscepit,
Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5:sua sponte ad Caesarem in jus adierunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 87.—So of things, = per se, by or of itself, for itself, for its own sake:jus et omne honestum sua sponte expetendum (cf. in the context: per se igitur jus est expetendum),
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 48: justitium sua sponte inceptum priusquam indiceretur, by itself, i. e. without a decree, Liv. 9, 7, 8; so,sortes sua sponte attenuatas,
id. 22, 1, 11 (cf. id. 22, 38, 13; 35, 14, 4, I. A. 2., supra): rex enim ipse, sua sponte, nullis commentariis Caesaris, simul atque audivit ejus interitum suo Marte res suas recuperavit, Cic. Phil. 2, 37, 95.—Suus locus, in milit. lang., one ' s own ground, position, or lines:(γ).restitit suo loco Romana acies (opp. to the advance of the enemy),
Liv. 22, 16, 2.—So figuratively:et staturas suo loco leges,
Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2:aciem instruxit primum suis locis, pauloque a castris Pompeji longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 84 (cf.: suo loco, 7. b. g, infra).—For suo jure v. 3. infra.—(δ).Sua Venus = one's own Venus, i. e. good luck (v. Venus): ille non est mihi par virtutibus, nec officiis;2.sed habuit suam Venerem,
Sen. Ben. 2, 28, 2. —Of private relations (opp. to public):3.ut in suis rebus, ita in re publica luxuriosus nepos,
Cic. Agr. 2, 18, 48:deinde ut communibus pro communibus utatur, privatis ut suis,
id. Off. 1, 7, 20:quod oppidum Labienus sua pecunia exaedificaverat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 15:militibus agros ex suis possessionibus pollicetur,
i. e. his private property, id. ib. 1, 17; Sen. Ben. 7, 6, 3. —Of just rights or claims:4.imperatori senatuique honos suus redditus,
due to them, Liv. 3, 10, 3:neque inpedimento fuit, quominus religionibus suus tenor suaque observatio redderetur,
Val. Max. 1, 1, 8:quibus omnibus debetur suus decor,
Quint. 11, 1, 41. —So distributively: is mensibus suis dimisit legionem,
in the month in which each soldier was entitled to his discharge, Liv. 40, 41, 8. — Esp.: suo jure (so, meo, nostro, tuo, etc., jure), by his own right:Tullus Hostilius qui suo jure in porta nomen inscripsit,
Cic. Phil. 13, 12, 26:earum rerum hic A. Licinius fructum a me repetere prope suo jure debet,
id. Arch. 1, 1; id. Marcell. 2, 6; id. Phil. 2, 25, 62; id. Balb. 8, 21:numquam illum res publica suo jure esset ulta,
by its unquestionable right, id. Mil. 33, 88. —Of that to which one is exclusively devoted:5. a.huic quaestioni suum diem dabimus,
a day for its exclusive discussion, Sen. Ep. 94, 52:homini autem suum bonum ratio est,
his exclusive good, id. ib. 76, 10:in majorem me quaestionem vocas, cui suus locus, suus dies dandus est,
id. Q. N. 2, 46, 1. —With proprius: mentio inlata apud senatum est, rem suo proprio magistratu egere,
that the business needed a particular officer exclusively for itself, Liv. 4, 8, 4:et Hannibalem suo proprio occupandum bello,
id. 27, 38, 7; cf.:dissupasset hostes, ni suo proprio eum proelio equites Volscorum exceptum tenuissent,
in which they alone fought, id. 3, 70, 4:mare habet suas venas quibus impletur,
by which it alone is fed, Sen. Q. N. 3, 14, 3. —Of persons, devoted to one, friendly, dear:b.Milone occiso (Clodius) habuisset suos consules,
after his own heart, Cic. Mil. 33, 89:collegit ipse se contra suum Clodium,
his dear Clodius, id. Pis. 12, 27 (cf.: suum facere, habere, II. B. 2. g).—Of things, favorable.(α).Of place: neque Jugurtham nisi... suo loco pugnam facere, on his own ground, i. e. chosen by him, favorable, Sall. J. 61, 1:(β).hic magna auxilia expectabant et suis locis bellum in hiemem ducere cogitabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 61; cf.:numquam nostris locis laboravimus,
Liv. 9, 19, 15.—Of time:c.cum Perseus suo maxime tempore et alieno hostibus incipere bellum posset,
Liv. 42, 43, 3; v. 7. b, infra. —Of circumstances: sua occasio, a favorable opportunity; sometimes without antecedent:6.neque occasioni tuae desis, neque suam occasionem hosti des,
Liv. 22, 39, 21:tantum abfuit ut ex incommodo alieno sua occasio peteretur,
id. 4, 58, 2:aestuque suo Locros trajecit,
a favorable tide, id. 23, 41, 11:ignoranti quem portum petat nullus suus ventus est,
Sen. Ep. 71, 3:orba suis essent etiamnunc lintea ventis,
Ov. M. 13, 195:aut ille Ventis iturus non suis,
Hor. Epod. 9, 30. —Of persons or things, peculiar, particular:7.quae est ei (animo) natura? Propria, puto, et sua,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70:omnis enim motus animi suum quendam a natura habet vultum,
id. de Or. 3, 57, 316:geometrae et musici... more quodam loquuntur suo. Ipsae rhetorum artes verbis in docendo quasi privatis utuntur ac suis,
id. Fin. 3, 1, 4:sensus omnis habet suum finem,
its peculiar limits, Quint. 9, 4, 61: animus cum suum ambitum complevit et finibus se suis cinxit, consummatum est summum bonum, Sen. Vit. Beat. 9, 3: est etiam in nominibus ( nouns) diverso collocatis sua gratia, their peculiar elegance, Quint. 9, 3, 86:ibi non bello aperto, sed suis artibus, fraude et insidiis, est paene circumventus,
Liv. 21, 34, 1:nec Hannibalem fefellit, suis se artibus peti,
id. 22, 16, 5:adversus hostem non virtute tantum, sed suis (i. e. hostis) etiam pugnare consiliis oportebat,
Flor. 2, 6, 26:liberam Minucii temeritatem se suo modo expleturum,
Liv. 22, 28, 2:equites ovantes sui moris carmine,
id. 10, 26, 11:exsultans cum sui moris tripudiis,
id. 21, 42, 3:tripudiantes suo more,
id. 23, 26, 9.—So, suo Marte, referring to the style of fighting peculiar to the different arms:equitem suo alienoque Marte pugnare,
that the cavalry were fighting both in their own style and in that of the other arms, Liv. 3, 62, 9; cf.: suo Marte, 1, c. a, supra.—And distributively ( = suus quisque):suos autem haec operum genera ut auctores, sic etiam amatores habent,
Quint. 12, 10, 2:illa vero fatidica fulmina ex alto et ex suis venire sideribus,
Plin. 2, 43, 43, § 113; cf.:quae quidem planiora suis exemplis reddentur,
Val. Max. 3, 4 prooem.—Proper, right.a.Referring to one's ordinary or normal condition:b. (α).quod certe non fecisset, si suum numerum naves habuissent,
their regular complement, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133. — So poet.:flecte ratem! numerum non habet illa suum,
its full number, Ov. H. 10, 36:novus exercitus consulibus est decretus: binae legiones cum suo equitatu,
Liv. 40, 36, 6:cum suo justo equitatu,
id. 21, 17, 8:totam (disciplinam) in suum statum redegit,
Val. Max. 2, 7, 2:tranquilla mente et vultu suo,
with the ordinary expression of his face, Sen. Clem. 2, 6, 2:media pars aeris ab his (ignibus) submota, in frigore suo manet. Natura enim aeris gelida est,
id. Q. N. 2, 10, 4:cornuaque in patriis non sua vidit aquis,
not natural to her, Ov. H. 14, 90. —So, non suus, of ingrafted branches and their fruit: miraturque (arbos) novas frondis et non sua poma,
Verg. G. 2, 82. —The regular time ( = stato tempore):(β).signum quod semper tempore exoritur suo,
Plaut. Rud. prol. 4:cum et recte et suo tempore pepererit,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 16: aestas suo tempore incanduit...;tam solstitium quam aequinoctium suos dies retulit,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 16, 3:omnes venti vicibus suis spirant majore ex parte,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128. —The right or proper time:(γ).salictum suo tempore caedito,
Cato, R. R. 33:cessit e vita suo magis quam suorum civium tempore,
the right time for himself, Cic. Brut. 1, 4; so,exstingui homini suo tempore optabile est,
id. Sen. 23, 85:Scandilius dicit se suo tempore rediturum,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 60, § 139:si Ardeates sua tempora exspectare velint,
Liv. 4, 7, 6:Chrysippus dicit, illum... opperiri debere suum tempus, ad quod velut dato signo prosiliat,
Sen. Ben. 2, 25, 3:quam multi exercitus tempore suo victorem hostem pepulerunt!
Liv. 44, 39, 4. — Without antecedent: sed suo tempore totius sceleris hujus fons aperietur. Cic. Phil. 14, 6, 15; cf.:de ordine laudis, etc., praecipiemus suo tempore,
Quint. 2, 4, 21. —Suo loco = at the proper place:(δ).quae erant prudentiae propria suo loco dicta sunt,
Cic. Off. 1, 40, 143:quod reddetur suo loco,
Quint. 11, 1, 16:ut suo loco dicetur,
Plin. 2, 90, 102, § 221:inscripta quae suis locis reddam,
id. 1, prooem. § 27; Sen. Ben. 2, 20, 2; cf. 1, c. b; 4. supra. —Suited, appropriate, adapted to one:8.in eodem fundo suum quidquid conseri oportet,
Cato, R. R. 7:siquidem hanc vendidero pretio suo,
at a suitable price, Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 30:in partes suas digerenda causa,
Quint. 11, 1, 6:confundetur quidquid in suas partes natura digessit,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 29, 8. — Poet.: haec ego dumque queror, lacrimae sua verba sequuntur, Deque meis oculis in tua membra cadunt, appropriate, i. e. tristia, Ov. H. 14, 67.—Without antecedent: suum quidquid genus talearum serito, any fit kind, i. e. suited to the ground, Cato, R. R. 48. —Own, with the notion of independence of, or dependence on others (cf. B. 2. g d).a.Of political independence: pacem condicionibus his fecerunt ut Capuae suae leges, sui magistratus essent, her own laws, i. e. not subject to Carthage, Liv. 23, 7, 2: liberos [p. 1827] eos ac suis legibus victuros, id. 25, 23, 4. —b.Esp. in the phrases suae potestatis or in sua potestate esse, suo jure uti, sui juris esse: Puteolos, qui nunc in sua potestate sunt, suo jure, libertate aequa utuntur, totos occupabunt,
Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 86:Rhegini potestatis suae ad ultimum remanserunt,
retained their self-government, Liv. 23, 30, 9:urbem ne quam formulae sui juris facerent,
id. 38, 9, 10. —Of paternal authority.(α).Free from the power of the paterfamilias; in the phrases sui juris esse, suae potestatis esse, to be independent:(β).quaedam personae sui juris sunt, quaedam alieno juri sunt subjectae, Gai,
Inst. 1, 48:sui juris sunt familiarum suarum principes, id est pater familiae, itemque mater familiae,
Ulp. Fragm. 4, 1:liberi parentum potestate liberantur emancipatione. Sed filius quidem ter manumissus sui juris fit, ceteri autem liberi una manumissione sui juris fiunt,
id. ib. 10, 1:morte patris filius et filia sui juris fiunt,
id. ib. 10, 2:patres familiarum sunt qui sunt suae potestatis,
Dig. 1, 6, 4:si modo defunctus testator suae potestatis mortis tempore fuerit,
Gai. Inst. 2, 147. —With indef. reference: si sui juris sumus,
Dig. 46, 2, 20; cf.:pro suo possideo, 2. a. supra.—Attributively: sui juris arrogatio feminae,
Cod. Just. 8, 47, 8:homo sui juris,
ib. 10, § 5.— Trop.:sapiens numquam semiliber erit: integrae semper libertatis et sui juris,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 5, 3:non illarum coitu fieri cometen, sed proprium et sui juris esse,
id. Q. N. 7, 12, 2: nullique sunt tam feri et sui juris adfectus, ut non disciplina perdomentur, id. Ira, 2, 12, 3. —Subject to paternal authority, in the phrases suus heres, sui liberi; suus heres, an heir who had been in the paternal power of the deceased:D.CVI SVVS HERES NON SIT, XII. Tab. fr. 5, 4.—In the jurists without antecedent: sui et necessarii heredes sunt velut filius filiave, nepos neptisve ex filia, deinceps ceteri qui modo in potestate morientis fuerunt,
Gai. Inst. 2, 156:(emancipati liberi) non sunt sui heredes,
ib. 2, 135:alia facta est juris interpretatio inter suos heredes,
ib. 3, 15:datur patrono adversus suos heredes bonorum possessio (where patrono is not the antecedent of suos),
ib. 3, 41:sui heredes vel instituendi sunt vel exheredandi,
Ulp. Fragm. 22, 14:accrescunt suis quidem heredibus in partem virilem, extraneis autem in partem dimidiam,
id. ib. 22, 17. —Sui liberi, children in paternal power: de suis et legitimis liberis,
Cod. Just. 6, 55 inscr.In particular connections.1.With ipse, his own, etc. (cf. Zumpt, Gram. § 696).a.Ipse agreeing with the antecedent of suus, the antecedent being,(α).A subjectnom.:(β).(ingenium ejus) valet ipsum suis viribus,
by its own strength, Cic. Cael. 19, 45:legio Martia non ipsa suis decretis hostem judicavit Antonium?
by its own resolutions, id. Phil. 4, 2, 5:ruit ipse suis cladibus,
id. ib. 14, 3, 8:si ex scriptis cognosci ipsi suis potuissent,
id. de Or. 2, 2, 8:qui se ipse sua gravitate et castimonia defenderet,
id. Cael. 5, 11:quod ipse suae civitatis imperium obtenturus esset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 3:suamet ipsae fraude omnes interierunt,
Liv. 8, 18, 9; 39, 49, 3:ut saeviret ipse in suum sanguinem effecerunt,
id. 40, 5, 1:respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,
id. 42, 52, 10; 21, 31, 12; 22, 38, 3; 6, 19, 6.—A subject-acc.:(γ).sunt qui dicant eam sua ipsam peremptam mercede,
Liv. 1, 11, 9:(tribuniciam potestatem) suis ipsam viribus dissolvi,
id. 2, 44, 2.—An object in dat. or acc.:b.sic ut ipsis consistendi in suis munitionibus locus non esset,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6:tribuni (hostem) intra suamet ipsum moenia compulere,
Liv. 6, 36, 4:alios sua ipsos invidia opportunos interemit,
id. 1, 54, 8; 22, 14, 13.—Suus as adjunct of subject (rare):aliquando sua praesidia in ipsos consurrexerunt,
their own garrisons revolted against them, Sen. Clem. 1, 26, 1.—With gen. of ipse, strengthening the possessive notion (cf. 4.;c.post-Aug. and very rare, but freq. in modern Lat.): aves (foetus suos) libero caelo suaeque ipsorum fiduciae permittunt,
Quint. 2, 6, 7 (but tuus ipsius occurs in Cic.:tuo ipsius studio,
Cic. Mur. 4, 9:tuam ipsius amicitiam,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 4, § 7).—Both suus and ipse agreeing with the governing noun (very rare; not in Cic. or Caes.): quae tamen in ipso cursu suo dissipata est (= ipsa in cursu suo), in its very course, Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 3 dub.:2.suamet ipsa scelera,
Sall. C. 23, 2 (Dietsch ex conj. ipse):suismet ipsis corporibus,
Liv. 2, 19, 5 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. ipsi):a suismet ipsis praesidiis,
id. 8, 25, 6 MSS. (Weissenb. ipsi).—With quisque, distributively, each ( every one)... his own; in prose quisque is generally preceded by suus.a.Quisque and suus in different cases.(α).Quisque as subjectnom.:(β).sentit enim vim quisque suam quoad possit abuti,
Lucr. 5, 1033:suo quisque loco cubet,
Cato, R. R. 5:suum quisque noscat ingenium,
Cic. Off. 1, 31, 114:ad suam quisque (me disciplinam) rapiet,
id. Ac. 2, 36, 114:quod suos quisque servos in tali re facere voluisset,
id. Mil. 10, 29:cum suo quisque auxilio uteretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 51:celeriter ad suos quisque ordines redit,
id. ib. 3, 37.—In apposition with plur. subj. (freq. in Liv.):nunc alii sensus quo pacto quisque suam rem Sentiat,
Lucr. 4, 522:ut omnes cives Romani in suis quisque centuriis prima luce adessent,
that all the Roman citizens should be present, each in his own centuria, Liv. 1, 44, 1:hinc senatus, hinc plebs, suum quisque intuentes ducem constiterant,
id. 6, 15, 3:ut (trigemini) pro sua quisque patria dimicent,
id. 1, 24, 2:stabant compositi suis quisque ordinibus,
id. 44, 38, 11:(consules) in suas quisque provincias proficiscuntur,
id. 25, 12, 2; 25, 26, 13:in suo quaeque (stella) motu naturam suam exercent,
Plin. 2, 39, 39, § 106.—With abl. absol.:omnes, velut dis auctoribus in spem suam quisque acceptis, proelium una voce poscunt,
Liv. 21, 45, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:relictis suis quisque stationibus... concurrerunt,
id. 32, 24, 4; 4, 44, 10; 39, 49, 3; 2, 38, 6.—With acc. of quisque as subj.:(γ).fabrum esse suae quemque fortunae, App. Claud. ap. Ps.-Sall. Ep. ad Caes. Rep. c. l.: sui quemque juris et retinendi et dimittendi esse dominum,
Cic. Balb. 13, 31:recipere se in domos suas quemque jussit,
Liv. 25, 10, 9; and (ungrammatically) nom., as apposition to a subj.-acc.:se non modo suam quisque patriam, sed totam Siciliam relicturos,
id. 26, 29, 3 MSS. (Weissenb. ex conj. quosque).—As adjunct of the subject-nom., with a case of quisque as object, attribut. gen., etc.:(δ).sua cujusque animantis natura est,
Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 25:sua quemque fraus, suum facinus, suum scelus, etc., de sanitate ac mente deturbat,
id. Pis. 20, 46:sua quemque fraus et suus terror maxime vexat,
id. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:suum cuique incommodum ferendum est,
id. Off. 3, 6, 30:ut solidum suum cuique solvatur,
id. Rab. Post. 17, 46:ne suus cuique domi hostis esset,
Liv. 3, 16, 3:ut sua cuique respublica in manu esset,
id. 26, 8, 11:animus suus cuique ordinem pugnandi dabat,
id. 22, 5, 8:tentorium suum cuique militi domus ac penates sunt,
id. 44, 39, 5:suus cuique (stellae) color est,
Plin. 2, 18, 16, § 79:trahit sua quemque voluptas,
Verg. E. 2, 65:stat sua cuique dies,
id. A. 10, 467.—As predicate-nom. (v. II. B.):(ε).opinionem, quae sua cuique conjectanti esse potest,
Liv. 6, 12, 3.—As adjunct of subj.-acc.:(ζ).suum cuique honorem et gradum redditum gaudeo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136:scientiam autem suam cujusque artis esse,
id. Fin. 5, 9, 26.—As adjunct of an object, with a case of quisque as object or attribut. gen.: suam cuique sponsam, mihi meam: suum cuique amorem, mihi meum, Atil. Fragm. inc. 1: suom cuique per me uti atque frui licet, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24 (23), 1:b.ut suo quemque appellem nomine,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 52:placet Stoicis suo quamque rem nomine appellare,
Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 1:ad suam cujusque naturam consilium est omne revocandum,
id. Off. 1, 33, 119:justitia quae suum cuique distribuit,
id. N. D. 3, 15, 38:in tribuendo suum cuique,
id. Off. 1, 5, 14:Turnus sui cuique periculi recens erat documentum,
Liv. 1, 52, 4:in trimatu suo cuique dimidiam esse mensuram futurae certum esse,
Plin. 7, 15, 16, § 73:certa cuique rerum suarum possessio,
Vell. 2, 89, 4; cf.: qua re suum unicuique studium suaque omnibus delectatio relinquatur, Ps.-Cic. Cons. 26, 93.—With quemque in apposition with acc. plur.:Camillus vidit intentos opifices suo quemque operi,
Liv. 6, 25, 9; so cujusque in appos. with gen. plur.: trium clarissimorum suae cujusque gentis virorum mors, id. 39, 52, 7; and cuique with dat. plur.: sui cuique mores fingunt fortunam hominibus, Poet. ap. Nep. Att. 11, 6 (where Lachm. ad Lucr. 2, 372, reads quique, ex conj.; cf. b. b, infra).—Attraction of suus and quisque as adjuncts of nouns.(α).Attraction of suus:(β).ut nemo sit nostrum quin in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium requirat acrius (= suum cujusque generis judicium),
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:quas tamen inter omnes (voces) est suo quoque in genere (vox) mediocris ( = inter omnes voces est mediocris vox, sua quoque in genere),
id. de Or. 3, 57, 216:eo concilia suae cujusque regionis indici jussit (= sua cujusque regionis concilia),
Liv. 45, 29, 10:equites suae cuique parti post principia collocat (= equites suos cuique parti),
id. 3, 22, 6:cum motibus armorum et corporum suae cuique genti assuetis,
id. 25, 17, 5:legiones deducebantur cum tribunis et centurionibus et sui cujusque ordinis militibus (= suis cujusque),
Tac. A. 14, 27:quae sui cujusque sunt ingenii,
Quint. 7, 10, 10 Halm (al. sua):sui cujusque ingenii poma vel semina gerunt (= sua cujusque),
Col. 3, 1;and by a double attraction: has (cohortes) subsidiariae ternae et aliae totidem suae cujusque legionis subsequebantur (= has cohortes... totidem cujusque legionis, suam quaeque legionem, subsequebantur),
Caes. B. C. 1, 83. —Attraction of quisque:c.tanta ibi copia venustatum in suo quique loco sita,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 6 (al. quaeque):quodvis frumentum non tamen omne Quique suo genere inter se simile esse videbis,
Lucr. 2, 372 Lachm. and Munro ad loc.:cum verba debeant sui cujusque generis copulari,
Varr. L. L. 10, 48:in sensibus sui cujusque generis judicium,
Cic. Ac. 2, 7, 19:haec igitur proclivitas ad suum quodque genus aegrotatio dicatur,
id. Tusc. 4, 12, 28:separatim greges sui cujusque generis nocte remeabant (= greges sui quisque generis),
Liv. 24, 3, 5:ut sui cujusque mensis acciperet (frumentum),
Suet. Aug. 40;and quisque both attracted and in its own case: quia cujusque partis naturae et in corpore et in animo sua quaeque vis sit (where either cujusque or quaeque is redundant),
Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46; v. Madv. ad loc.; Cato, R. R. 23 fin.;so esp. in the phrases suo quoque tempore, anno, die, loco, etc.: pecunia, quae in stipendium Romanis suo quoque anno penderetur, deerat (= suo quaeque anno),
each instalment in the year when due, Liv. 33, 46, 9 Weissenb. ad loc.:suo quoque loco,
Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 2; 1, 22, 6:opera quae suis quibusque temporibus anni vilicum exsequi oporteret,
Col. 11, 3:suo quoque tempore,
Vitr. 2, 9, 4:nisi sua quaque die usurae exsolverentur (= sua quaeque die),
Dig. 22, 1, 12 init.; 13, 7, 8, § 3:ut opera rustica suo quoque tempore faciat,
ib. 19, 2, 25, § 3 (al. quaeque)—In the order quisque... suus.(α).In relative clauses, comparative clauses with ut, and interrogative clauses introduced by quid, etc., where quisque immediately follows the relative, etc.:(β).ut quisque suom volt esse, ita est,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 45; cf.with sibi,
Cic. Leg. 1, 18, 49; id. Lael. 9, 30:expendere oportere quid quisque habeat sui... nec velle experiri quam se aliena deceant. Id enim maxime quemque decet quod est cujusque maxime suum,
id. Off. 1, 31, 113:neque solum quid in senatu quisque civitatis suae dicerent ignorabant, sed, etc.,
Liv. 32, 19, 9:gratius id fore laetiusque quod quisque sua manu ex hoste captum rettulerit,
id. 5, 20, 8; 6, 25, 10; cf.:in quibus cum multa sint quae sua quisque dicere velit, nihil est quod quisque suum possit dicere,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 23, 1.—If the emphasis is not on suus, but (for quisque, when emphatic, unusquisque is used) on some other word:(γ).in civitates quemque suas... dimisit,
Liv. 21, 48, 2:in patriam quisque suam remissus est,
Just. 33, 2, 8:in vestigio quemque suo vidit,
Liv. 28, 22, 15; cf.:hospitibus quisque suis scribebant,
id. 33, 45, 6:pro facultatibus quisque suis,
id. 42, 53, 3; cf.:respiciendae sunt cuique facultates suae,
Sen. Ben. 2, 15, 3:praecipitat quisque vitam suam et futuri desiderio laborat,
id. Brev. Vit. 7, 5; id. Ben. 7, 5, 1:tunc praeceps quisque se proripit et penates suos deserit,
id. Q. N. 6, 1, 5; 5, 18, 8:summum quisque causae suae judicem facit,
Plin. 1, prooem. § 10: aestimatione nocturnae [p. 1828] quietis, dimidio quisque spatio vitae suae vivit, id. 7, 50, 51, § 167.—Poets adopt the order quisque suus when the metre requires it, Verg. A. 6, 743:(δ).oscula quisque suae matri tulerunt,
Ov. F. 2, 715. —When suus and quisque belong to different clauses:d.atque earum quaeque, suum tenens munus... manet in lege naturae,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 13, 38. —Suus uterque, or uterque suus, distributively of two subjects:3.suas uterque legiones reducit in castra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 40; 2, 28:ideo quod uterque suam legem confirmare debebit,
Cic. Inv. 2, 49, 142:cum sui utrosque adhortarentur,
Liv. 1, 25, 1:ad utrumque ducem sui redierunt,
id. 21, 29, 5:utraque (lex) sua via it,
Sen. Ben. 6, 6, 1; cf.uterque, in apposit.: nec ipsi tam inter se acriter contenderunt, quam studia excitaverant uterque sui corporis hominum,
Liv. 26, 48, 6.—With sibi.(α).Sibi with pronom. force (cf. sui, IV. C. fin.):(β).reddam suum sibi,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 119 ( = ei; but referred to b, infra, by Brix ad loc.); cf.:suam rem sibi salvam sistam,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 123:idem lege sibi sua curationem petet,
for himself, Cic. Agr. 2, 9, 22 (cf. id. Phil. 2, 37, 96;I. B. 2. b. supra): ut vindicare sibi suum fulgorem possint,
Sen. Q. N. 1, 1, 11; cf.the formula of divorce: tuas res tibi habeto,
Dig. 24, 2, 2.—Hence, illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69.—With sibi redundant, to strengthen suus (anteand post-class. and colloq.):4.quo pacto serviat suo sibi patri,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 5:eum necabam ilico per cerebrum pinna sua sibi, quasi turturem,
id. Poen. 2, 40; v. sui, IV. C. and the passages there cited.—With gen. agreeing with the subject of suus:5.quas cum solus pertulisset ut sua unius in his gratia esset,
that the credit of it should belong to him alone, Liv. 2, 8, 3:qui de sua unius sententia omnia gerat,
id. 44, 22, 11; cf.:unam Aegyptus in hoc spem habet suam,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 2.—For suus ipsius, etc., v. D. 1. b. supra.—With demonstr., rel., or indef. pronn. and adjj., of his, hers, etc.:6.postulat ut ad hanc suam praedam adjutores vos profiteamini,
to this booty of his, Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 6:Sestius cum illo exercitu suo,
id. Sest. 5, 12:qua gravitate sua,
id. ib. 61, 129:suam rem publicam illam defenderunt,
that republic of theirs, id. ib. 67, 141:in istum civem suum,
against this citizen of theirs, id. Balb. 18, 41:cum illo suo pari,
id. Pis. 8, 18:te nulla sua calamitate civitas satiare potest?
id. Phil. 8, 6, 19:dubitatis igitur, quin vos M. Laterensis ad suam spem aliquam delegerit,
for some hope of his, id. Planc. 16, 39:non tam sua ulla spe quam militum impetu tractus,
by any hope of his, Liv. 25, 21, 5:nullo suo merito,
from no fault of theirs, id. 26, 29, 4:ipse arcano cum paucis familiaribus suis colloquitur,
with a few of his friends, Caes. B. C. 1, 19.—With descriptive adjj.(α).Standing before the adj. and noun (so most freq.):(β).suorum improbissimorum sermonum domicilium,
Cic. Pis. 31, 76:causam sui dementissimi consilii,
id. Phil. 2, 22, 53:suam insatiabilem crudelitatem,
id. ib. 11, 3, 8:suis amplissimis fortunis,
id. ib. 13, 8, 16:suum pristinum morem,
id. Pis. 12, 27:suis lenissimis postulatis,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5: simili ratione Pompeius in suis veteribus castris consedit (suis emphatic; cf. b, infra), id. ib. 3, 76.—Between the adj. and noun (less emphatic):(γ).pro eximiis suis beneficiis,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 7:propter summam suam humanitatem,
id. Fam. 15, 14, 1:ex praeteritis suis officiis,
Caes. B. C. 3, 60:Caesar in veteribus suis castris consedit,
id. ib. 3, 76.—After adj. and noun:7.veterem amicum suum excepit,
Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43:in illo ardenti tribunatu suo,
id. Sest. 54, 116.—Objectively for the pers. pron. (rare):8.neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur ( = sibi illatae),
Sall. C. 51, 11; so,neglectam ab Scipione et nimis leviter latam suam injuriam ratus,
Liv. 29, 9, 9:ipsae enim leges te a cognitione sua judicio publico reppulerunt ( = a se cognoscendo),
Cic. Balb. 14, 32:suam invidiam tali morte quaesitam ( = quaesitum esse ab eo ut homines se inviderent),
Tac. A. 3, 16; so,nulla sua invidia,
Cic. Mil. 15, 40.—Abl. fem. sua, with refert or interest, for gen. of the pers. pron.: neminem esse qui quomodo se habeat nihil sua censeat interesse, Cic. Fin. 5, 10, 30:9.si scit sua nihil interesse utrum anima per os, an per jugulum exeat,
Sen. Ep. 76, 33; v. intersum, III.—Strengthened by the suffix - pte or -met.(α).By - pte (not used with ipse) affixed to the forms sua, suo, and (ante-class.) suum:(β).quom illa osculata esset suumpte amicum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 38:ut terrena suopte nutu et suo pondere in terram ferantur,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 17, 40:ferri suopte pondere,
id. N. D. 1, 25, 69:suapte natura,
id. Fat. 18, 42:suapte vi et natura,
id. ib. 19, 43; id. Fin. 1, 16, 54; 5, 22, 61:suopte ingenio,
Liv. 25, 18; so id. 1, 25, 1; 1, 18, 4:suapte manu,
Cic. Or. 3, 3, 10:locus suapte natura infestus,
Liv. 44, 6, 9; so,suapte natura,
id. 4, 22, 4:flumina suapte natura vasta,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 27, 8; so id. Ben. 4, 17, 2:sponte suapte,
Varr. L. L. 6, 7, § 70.—With - met, almost always followed by ipse (in all forms of suus except suus, suum, suae, and suorum):suomet ipsi more,
Sall. J. 31, 6:suomet ipsi instrumento,
Liv. 22, 14, 13:suomet ipsi metu,
Tac. H. 3, 16 fin.:suamet ipsum pecunia,
Sall. J. 8, 2:suamet ipsae fraude,
Liv. 8, 18, 9:intra suamet ipsum moenia,
id. 6, 36, 4:suismet ipsi praesidiis,
id. 8, 25, 6:suismet ipsis corporibus,
id. 2, 19, 5:suosmet ipsi cives,
id. 2, 9, 5:suasmet ipse spes,
Tac. A. 3, 66 fin. —Without ipse:populum suimet sanguinis mercede,
Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 41, 25 Dietsch:magna pars suismet aut proxumorum telis obtruncabantur,
id. ib. 2, 52 ib. -
60 encontrar
v.1 to find.lo encontré durmiendo I found him sleepingElla encuentra monedas en la calle She finds coins in the street.Ella encontró su destino She found her destiny.2 to encounter (dificultades).3 to find.no lo encuentro tan divertido como dice la gente I don't find it o think it is as funny as people sayno sé qué le encuentran a ese pintor I don't know what they see in that painter4 to meet, to encounter, to come upon, to find.Ella encontró a su media naranja She met her better half.* * *1 (gen) to find2 (una persona sin buscar) to come across, meet, bump into3 (dificultades) to run into, come up against4 (creer) to think, find5 (notar) to find6 (chocar) to collide1 (estar) to be2 (persona) to meet; (por casualidad) to bump into, run into, meet3 (dificultades) to run into4 (chocar) to collide5 figurado (sentirse) to feel, be\encontrarse con ganas de hacer algo / encontrarse con fuerzas para hacer algo to feel like doing something* * *verb1) to find2) meet3) encounter•* * *1. VT1) (=hallar buscando) to findha encontrado trabajo — he has found work o a job
no encuentro mi nombre en la lista — I can't find o see my name on the list
2) [por casualidad] [+ objeto, dinero] to find, come across; [+ persona] to meet, run intole encontraron un tumor — they found him to have a tumour, he was found to have a tumour
•
encontrar a algn haciendo algo — to find sb doing sth3) [+ oposición] to meet with, encounter; [+ problema] to find, encounter, come acrosshasta el momento sus actividades no han encontrado oposición — so far their activities haven't met with o encountered any opposition
no encontré oposición alguna para acceder a su despacho — no one tried to stop me from getting into his office
encontrar dificultades — to encounter difficulties, run into trouble
4) (=percibir) to see5) (=considerar) to find¿encuentras el libro fácil de leer? — do you find the book easy to read?
¿cómo encontraste a tus padres después del viaje? — how did you find your parents after the trip?
¿qué tal me encuentras? — how do I look?
2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) ( buscando) <casa/trabajo/persona> to findb) ( casualmente) <cartera/billete> to find, come across2) ( descubrir) <falta/error> to find, spot; <cáncer/quiste> to find, discover3) <obstáculo/dificultad> to meet (with), encounterallí encontró la muerte — (period) he met his death there
4) (+ compl)2.¿cómo encontraste el país? — how did the country seem to you?
1) encontrarse v pron2)a) ( por casualidad)encontrarse con alguien — to meet somebody, bump into somebody (colloq)
b) (refl) (Psic) tb3) (recípr)a) ( reunirse) to meet; ( por casualidad) to meet, bump into each other (colloq)b) carreteras/líneas to meet4) (enf) ( inesperadamente) < persona> to meet, bump into (colloq); <billete/cartera> to find, come across5) (frml) ( estar) to be* * *= dig up, encounter, find, locate, spot, trace, track, turn up, find + Posesivo + way to, disinter, ferret out, root out, lay + hands on, come by, track down, bump into.Ex. The list of changed headings is almost literally endless if you have the patience to dig them all up.Ex. This simple observation also goes some of the way towards explaining the variety of tools, methods and systems which are encountered in the organisation knowledge.Ex. Wherever abstracts are found they are included to save the user's time in information gathering and selection.Ex. This order suffices for a list whose purpose is to identify and locate documents, whose bibliographic details are already known.Ex. When all necessary amendments have been spotted, edit the draft abstract and make any improvements to the style that are possible.Ex. The author approach remains an important means of tracing a specific document.Ex. The index fields are used for tracking annual indexes.Ex. Although I have not done a complete analytical search of library literature for discussions of the structures of catalogs, preliminary searches have turned up little except for historical discussions.Ex. He found his way quickly and easily to the materials he needed.Ex. Tests such as this one will often disinter the real citation intended but it is a time consuming task.Ex. As a rule analysts are left on their own to ferret out useful and appropriate areas to be investigated.Ex. The article has the title ' Rooting out journals on the Net'.Ex. It is, therefore, expedient to look into history to lay hands on the root of the problem.Ex. This article shows how teachers came by such information and the use they made it of in their work.Ex. In stepping away from the genre's glamorous robberies and flashy lifestyle, this stealthy, potent movie tracks down the British gangster icon to its inevitable end.Ex. Slake is such a dreamer that he bumps into lampposts.----* buscar y encontrar = match.* difícil de encontrar = hard-to-find.* dificultad + encontrarse = difficulty + lie.* el que lo encuentre se lo queda = finders keepers.* encontrar aceptación = find + favour, find + acceptance, find + a home.* encontrar + Adjetivo + de + Infinitivo = find it + Adjetivo + to + Infinitivo.* encontrar afinidades = find + common ground.* encontrar Algo demasiado difícil = be out of + Posesivo + league.* encontrar Algo difícil = have + a hard time, have + a tough time.* encontrar alojamiento = find + a home.* encontrar aplicación práctica = find + application.* encontrar casa = find + a home.* encontrar confortable = find + comfortable.* encontrar cosas comunes = find + common ground.* encontrar defectos = fault.* encontrar defectos en = find + fault with, see + faults in.* encontrar difícil de explicar = be hard put to explain.* encontrar difícil + Infinitivo = find it hard to + Infinitivo.* encontrar dificultades = encounter + difficulties, encounter + limitations.* encontrar eco en = find + echo in.* encontrar el camino = wayfinding, wind + Posesivo + way.* encontrar el camino de vuelta = find + Posesivo + way back.* encontrar el dinero = come up with + the money.* encontrar el equilibrio = strike + the right note.* encontrar el modo de = find + way of/to.* encontrar el modo de paliar un problema = find + way (a)round + problem.* encontrar el modo de regresar = find + Posesivo + way back.* encontrar el punto medio = strike + the right note.* encontrar el tiempo = make + an opportunity.* encontrar en abundancia = find + in abundance.* encontrar evidencias = find + evidence.* encontrar expresión = find + expression.* encontrar información = dredge up + information.* encontrar justificación = build + a case for.* encontrar la forma de = devise + ways.* encontrar la horma de + Posesivo + zapato = meet + Posesivo + match.* encontrar la realización de Uno = be + Posesivo + big scene.* encontrar la salida a = find + a/the way out of.* encontrarle defectos a todo = nitpick.* encontrarle el truco a Algo = have + a handle on, get + a handle on.* encontrarle el truquillo a Algo = have + a handle on, get + a handle on.* encontrarle faltas a todo = nitpick.* encontrar limitaciones = encounter + limitations.* encontrar muy difícil = be hard-pushed to.* encontrar oposición = meet with + opposition, find + opposition.* encontrar placer = find + delight, find + enjoyment.* encontrar por casualidad = come across, chance on/upon, stumble on.* encontrar pruebas = find + evidence.* encontrarse = occur, be positioned, reside, stand on, come upon, be poised, meet up, find + Reflexivo.* encontrarse a gusto = be at ease.* encontrarse ante un reto = in the face of + challenge.* encontrarse cara a cara = come + face to face.* encontrarse con = meet, run into, cross + Posesivo + path.* encontrarse con dificultades = run up against + difficulties.* encontrarse confortable = be at ease.* encontrarse con problemas = run into + trouble.* encontrarse con sorpresas = encounter + surprises.* encontrarse con una barrera = face + barrier.* encontrarse con una limitación = face + limitation.* encontrarse con una situación = come across + situation, meet + situation.* encontrarse con una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.* encontrarse con una traba = face + limitation, face + barrier.* encontrarse con un obstáculo = face + obstacle.* encontrarse con un problema = encounter + problem, meet with + problem, run up against + issue, come across + problem.* encontrarse en = lie (in), be based at.* encontrarse en casa = be in.* encontrarse en dificultades = find + Reflexivo + in difficulties.* encontrarse en el trasfondo de = lie at + the root of.* encontrarse en una mejor situación económica = be economically better off.* encontrarse en un dilema = be caught in a conundrum.* encontrarse en un impás = face + impasse.* encontrarse en ventaja = find + Reflexivo + at an advantage.* encontrarse fuera de lugar = be out of + Posesivo + element, be out of place.* encontrar simpatizadores = find + friends.* encontrar suerte = be in for a good thing, come in for + a good thing, be into a good thing.* encontrar su propio modo de actuar = find + Posesivo + own way.* encontrar su sitio = find + a home.* encontrar tiempo = find + time.* encontrar trabajo = find + a job.* encontrar trabajo en una biblioteca = join + library.* encontrar una salida a = find + a/the way out of.* encontrar una solución = find + solution, develop + solution.* encontrar un chollo = come in for + a good thing, be in for a good thing, be into a good thing.* encontrar un equilibrio = find + a balance.* encontrar un hueco = find + a home.* encontrar un término medio entre... y = tread + a middle path between... and.* intentar encontrar un término medio entre... y... = tread + a delicate line between... and.* no encontrar nada + Adjetivo = find far from + Adjetivo.* no encontrar palabras = be at a loss for words, be lost for words.* orígenes + encontrarse = origins + lie.* problema + encontrarse = problem + lie.* respuesta + encontrar = answer + lie.* ser difícil de encontrar = be hard to find.* solución + encontrarse en = solution + lie in.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) ( buscando) <casa/trabajo/persona> to findb) ( casualmente) <cartera/billete> to find, come across2) ( descubrir) <falta/error> to find, spot; <cáncer/quiste> to find, discover3) <obstáculo/dificultad> to meet (with), encounterallí encontró la muerte — (period) he met his death there
4) (+ compl)2.¿cómo encontraste el país? — how did the country seem to you?
1) encontrarse v pron2)a) ( por casualidad)encontrarse con alguien — to meet somebody, bump into somebody (colloq)
b) (refl) (Psic) tb3) (recípr)a) ( reunirse) to meet; ( por casualidad) to meet, bump into each other (colloq)b) carreteras/líneas to meet4) (enf) ( inesperadamente) < persona> to meet, bump into (colloq); <billete/cartera> to find, come across5) (frml) ( estar) to be* * *= dig up, encounter, find, locate, spot, trace, track, turn up, find + Posesivo + way to, disinter, ferret out, root out, lay + hands on, come by, track down, bump into.Ex: The list of changed headings is almost literally endless if you have the patience to dig them all up.
Ex: This simple observation also goes some of the way towards explaining the variety of tools, methods and systems which are encountered in the organisation knowledge.Ex: Wherever abstracts are found they are included to save the user's time in information gathering and selection.Ex: This order suffices for a list whose purpose is to identify and locate documents, whose bibliographic details are already known.Ex: When all necessary amendments have been spotted, edit the draft abstract and make any improvements to the style that are possible.Ex: The author approach remains an important means of tracing a specific document.Ex: The index fields are used for tracking annual indexes.Ex: Although I have not done a complete analytical search of library literature for discussions of the structures of catalogs, preliminary searches have turned up little except for historical discussions.Ex: He found his way quickly and easily to the materials he needed.Ex: Tests such as this one will often disinter the real citation intended but it is a time consuming task.Ex: As a rule analysts are left on their own to ferret out useful and appropriate areas to be investigated.Ex: The article has the title ' Rooting out journals on the Net'.Ex: It is, therefore, expedient to look into history to lay hands on the root of the problem.Ex: This article shows how teachers came by such information and the use they made it of in their work.Ex: In stepping away from the genre's glamorous robberies and flashy lifestyle, this stealthy, potent movie tracks down the British gangster icon to its inevitable end.Ex: Slake is such a dreamer that he bumps into lampposts.* buscar y encontrar = match.* difícil de encontrar = hard-to-find.* dificultad + encontrarse = difficulty + lie.* el que lo encuentre se lo queda = finders keepers.* encontrar aceptación = find + favour, find + acceptance, find + a home.* encontrar + Adjetivo + de + Infinitivo = find it + Adjetivo + to + Infinitivo.* encontrar afinidades = find + common ground.* encontrar Algo demasiado difícil = be out of + Posesivo + league.* encontrar Algo difícil = have + a hard time, have + a tough time.* encontrar alojamiento = find + a home.* encontrar aplicación práctica = find + application.* encontrar casa = find + a home.* encontrar confortable = find + comfortable.* encontrar cosas comunes = find + common ground.* encontrar defectos = fault.* encontrar defectos en = find + fault with, see + faults in.* encontrar difícil de explicar = be hard put to explain.* encontrar difícil + Infinitivo = find it hard to + Infinitivo.* encontrar dificultades = encounter + difficulties, encounter + limitations.* encontrar eco en = find + echo in.* encontrar el camino = wayfinding, wind + Posesivo + way.* encontrar el camino de vuelta = find + Posesivo + way back.* encontrar el dinero = come up with + the money.* encontrar el equilibrio = strike + the right note.* encontrar el modo de = find + way of/to.* encontrar el modo de paliar un problema = find + way (a)round + problem.* encontrar el modo de regresar = find + Posesivo + way back.* encontrar el punto medio = strike + the right note.* encontrar el tiempo = make + an opportunity.* encontrar en abundancia = find + in abundance.* encontrar evidencias = find + evidence.* encontrar expresión = find + expression.* encontrar información = dredge up + information.* encontrar justificación = build + a case for.* encontrar la forma de = devise + ways.* encontrar la horma de + Posesivo + zapato = meet + Posesivo + match.* encontrar la realización de Uno = be + Posesivo + big scene.* encontrar la salida a = find + a/the way out of.* encontrarle defectos a todo = nitpick.* encontrarle el truco a Algo = have + a handle on, get + a handle on.* encontrarle el truquillo a Algo = have + a handle on, get + a handle on.* encontrarle faltas a todo = nitpick.* encontrar limitaciones = encounter + limitations.* encontrar muy difícil = be hard-pushed to.* encontrar oposición = meet with + opposition, find + opposition.* encontrar placer = find + delight, find + enjoyment.* encontrar por casualidad = come across, chance on/upon, stumble on.* encontrar pruebas = find + evidence.* encontrarse = occur, be positioned, reside, stand on, come upon, be poised, meet up, find + Reflexivo.* encontrarse a gusto = be at ease.* encontrarse ante un reto = in the face of + challenge.* encontrarse cara a cara = come + face to face.* encontrarse con = meet, run into, cross + Posesivo + path.* encontrarse con dificultades = run up against + difficulties.* encontrarse confortable = be at ease.* encontrarse con problemas = run into + trouble.* encontrarse con sorpresas = encounter + surprises.* encontrarse con una barrera = face + barrier.* encontrarse con una limitación = face + limitation.* encontrarse con una situación = come across + situation, meet + situation.* encontrarse con una sorpresa desagradable = rude awakening + be in store, be in for a rude awakening.* encontrarse con una traba = face + limitation, face + barrier.* encontrarse con un obstáculo = face + obstacle.* encontrarse con un problema = encounter + problem, meet with + problem, run up against + issue, come across + problem.* encontrarse en = lie (in), be based at.* encontrarse en casa = be in.* encontrarse en dificultades = find + Reflexivo + in difficulties.* encontrarse en el trasfondo de = lie at + the root of.* encontrarse en una mejor situación económica = be economically better off.* encontrarse en un dilema = be caught in a conundrum.* encontrarse en un impás = face + impasse.* encontrarse en ventaja = find + Reflexivo + at an advantage.* encontrarse fuera de lugar = be out of + Posesivo + element, be out of place.* encontrar simpatizadores = find + friends.* encontrar suerte = be in for a good thing, come in for + a good thing, be into a good thing.* encontrar su propio modo de actuar = find + Posesivo + own way.* encontrar su sitio = find + a home.* encontrar tiempo = find + time.* encontrar trabajo = find + a job.* encontrar trabajo en una biblioteca = join + library.* encontrar una salida a = find + a/the way out of.* encontrar una solución = find + solution, develop + solution.* encontrar un chollo = come in for + a good thing, be in for a good thing, be into a good thing.* encontrar un equilibrio = find + a balance.* encontrar un hueco = find + a home.* encontrar un término medio entre... y = tread + a middle path between... and.* intentar encontrar un término medio entre... y... = tread + a delicate line between... and.* no encontrar nada + Adjetivo = find far from + Adjetivo.* no encontrar palabras = be at a loss for words, be lost for words.* orígenes + encontrarse = origins + lie.* problema + encontrarse = problem + lie.* respuesta + encontrar = answer + lie.* ser difícil de encontrar = be hard to find.* solución + encontrarse en = solution + lie in.* * *vtA1 (buscando) ‹casa/trabajo/persona› to findpor fin encontró el vestido que quería she finally found the dress she wantedno encuentro mi nombre en la lista I can't see o find my name on the list¿dónde puedo encontrar al director? where can I find the manager?no encontré entradas para el teatro I couldn't get tickets for the theateryo a esto no le encuentro lógica I can't see the logic in thislo encontré llorando I found him crying2 (casualmente) ‹cartera/billete› to find, come across, come upon o onlo encontré (de casualidad) I found it o came across it o came on o upon it (by chance)B (descubrir) ‹falta/error› to find, spot; ‹cáncer/quiste› to find, discoverle encontraron un tumor they found o discovered that he had a tumorC ‹obstáculo/dificultad› to meet with, meet, encounterno encontró ninguna oposición a su plan his plan didn't meet with o come up against o encounter any oppositionel accidente donde encontró la muerte ( period); the accident in which he met his deathSentido II (+ compl):te encuentro muy cambiado you've changed a lot, you look very different¡qué bien te encuentro! you look so well!encuentro ridículo todo este protocolo I find all this formality ridiculous, all this formality seems ridiculous to me¿cómo encontraste el país después de tantos años? what did you make of the country o how did the country seem to you after all these years?encontré muy acertadas sus intervenciones I found his comments very relevant, I thought his comments were very relevantla encuentro muy desmejorada she seems a lot worselo encuentro muy aburrido I find him very boring, I think he is very boringencontré la puerta cerrada I found the door shutAencontrarse a sí mismo to find oneselfB ( recípr)hemos quedado en encontrarnos en la estación we've arranged to meet at the station2 «carreteras/líneas» to meetC ( enf) (inesperadamente) ‹persona› to meet, bump o run into ( colloq); ‹billete/cartera› to find, come across, come oncuando volvió se encontró la casa patas arriba when he returned he found the house in a messencontrarse CON algo:cuando volví me encontré con que todos se habían ido I got back to find that they had all gone, when I got back I found they had all goneA (en un estado, una situación) to behoy me encuentro mucho mejor I am feeling a lot better todayel enfermo se encuentra fuera de peligro the patient is out of dangerla oficina se encontraba vacía the office was emptyno se encuentra con fuerzas para continuar he doesn't have the strength to go onB (en un lugar) to beel jefe se encuentra en una reunión the boss is in a meetingla catedral se encuentra en el centro de la ciudad the cathedral is situated in the city centerentre las obras expuestas se encuentra su famosa Última Cena among the works on display is his famous Last Supperen este momento el doctor no se encuentra the doctor is not here o is not in at the moment* * *
encontrar ( conjugate encontrar) verbo transitivo
1
no le encuentro lógica I can't see the logic in it
‹cáncer/quiste› to find, discover
2 (+ compl):
lo encuentro ridículo I find it ridiculous;
¿cómo encontraste el país? how did the country seem to you?
encontrarse verbo pronominal
1 ( por casualidad) encontrarse con algn to meet sb, bump into sb (colloq)
2 ( recípr)
( por casualidad) to meet, bump into each other (colloq)
3 ( enf) ( inesperadamente) ‹billete/cartera› to find, come across;
4 (frml) ( estar) to be;
el hotel se encuentra cerca de la estación the hotel is (located) near the station
encontrar verbo transitivo
1 (algo/alguien buscado) to find: no encuentro el momento adecuado para decírselo, I can't find the right time to tell him
2 (tropezar) to meet: encontré a Luisa en el cine, I met Luisa at the cinema
encontrarás serias dificultades, you'll come up against serious difficulties
3 (considerar, parecer) lo encuentro de mal gusto, I find it in bad taste
' encontrar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acertar
- aparecer
- aterrizar
- atinar
- colocarse
- desconocer
- discografía
- fórmula
- hallar
- horma
- mariposear
- parte
- buscar
- dar
- encuentra
- esquivo
- solución
- ver
English:
bear
- difficulty
- dig around
- discover
- find
- fit in
- flesh
- forgetful
- get
- grade
- housekeeper
- intensify
- intimate
- locate
- lodging
- loophole
- pent-up
- replacement
- scrabble
- speed up
- store up
- strike
- traceable
- trail
- try
- be
- come
- encounter
- explain
- fumble
- high
- meet
- run
- seek
- solve
- spot
- stumble
- time
- word
- work
* * *♦ vt1. [buscando, por casualidad] to find;he encontrado el paraguas I've found my umbrella;encontré el libro que buscaba I found the book I was looking for;le han encontrado un cáncer they've diagnosed her as having cancer;encontré la mesa puesta I found the table already set;lo encontré durmiendo I found him sleeping;no encuentro palabras para expresar mi gratitud I can't find the words to express my gratitude;CSur Famencontrar la vuelta a algo to get to grips with sth2. [dificultades] to encounter;no encontraron ninguna oposición al proyecto they encountered no opposition to the project3. [juzgar, considerar] to find;encontré muy positivos tus comentarios I found your comments very positive;encuentro infantil tu actitud I find your attitude childish;encuentro la ciudad/a tu hermana muy cambiada the city/your sister has changed a lot, I find the city/your sister much changed;no lo encuentro tan divertido como dice la gente I don't find it o think it is as funny as people say;no sé qué le encuentran a ese pintor I don't know what they see in that painter* * *v/t find* * *encontrar {19} vt1) hallar: to find2) : to encounter, to meet* * *¿has encontrado las llaves? have you found your keys?
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List of Yu-Gi-Oh! anime and manga characters — This article lists the supporting characters that appear in two or more of the three major pieces of Yu Gi Oh media: the original manga, and its two anime adaptations, the 1998 Yu Gi Oh! anime by Toei Animation and 2000 s Yu Gi Oh! (known as Yu… … Wikipedia
Railway engines (Thomas and Friends) — For the narrow gauge railway engines from Thomas and Friends, see Narrow gauge engines (Thomas and Friends). This article lists the standard gauge Railway Engine characters of the Television Series Thomas and Friends (formerly Thomas the Tank… … Wikipedia