fruits

pando, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [for spando; root spa-; Sanscr. spha-, spread, grow; Gr. spaô; cf. spatium].

Act., to bend, bow, curve any thing (cf.:

flecto, curvo): pandant enim posteriora,

Quint. 11, 3, 122:

manus leviter pandata,

id. 11, 3, 100. —

Mid., to bend itself, to bend:

in inferiora pandantur,

Plin. 16, 42, 81, § 223; 16, 39, 74, § 189; 16, 40, 79, § 219:

apes sarcinā pandatae,

id. 11, 10, 10, § 21:

firmiora juga sunt alliganda, ut rigorem habeant nec pandentur onere fructuum,

Col. 4, 16 fin. —

Neutr., to bend itself, to bend:

ulmus et fraxinus celeriter pandant,

Vitr. 2, 9; 6, 11.

pando pandi (acc. to Prisc. p. 891 P.), passum, and less freq. pansum (v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 567 sq.), 3, v. a., to spread out, extend; to unfold, expand [from the root pat of pateo, cf. petannumi, q. v.] (syn.: explano, explico, extendo).

Lit.:

pandere palmas Ante deum delubra,

Lucr. 5, 1200; so,

ad solem pennas,

Verg. G. 1, 398:

retia,

Plin. 9, 8, 9, § 29:

telas in parietibus latissime,

id. 29, 4, 27, § 87: aciem, to extend, deploy, = explicare, Tac. H. 2, 25; 4, 33:

rupem ferro,

i. e. to split, Liv. 21, 37:

utere velis, Totos pande sinus,

Juv. 1, 150.—

With se or pass., to spread one's self, stretch, open out, extend, etc.:

immensa panditur planities,

Liv. 32, 4:

dum se cornua latius pandunt,

id. 2, 31:

rosa sese pandit in calices,

Plin. 21, 4, 10, § 14:

ubi mare coepit in latitudinem pandi,

id. 6, 13, 15, § 38:

si panditur ultra (gremium),

i. e. is not yet full, Juv. 14, 327.—

In partic., in econom. lang., to spread out to dry, to dry fruits:

ficos pandere,

Col. 2, 22, 3:

uvas in sole,

id. 12, 39, 1.—

Transf.

To throw open, to open any thing by extending it (mostly poet.;

syn.: patefacio, aperio, recludo): pandite atque aperite propere januam hanc Orci,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 1:

pandite, sulti', genas (i. e. palpebras), Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. genas, p. 94 Müll. (Ann. v. 521 Vahl.): dividimus muros et moenia pandimus urbis,

Verg. A. 2, 234:

(Cerberus) tria guttura pandens,

id. ib. 6, 421:

limina,

id. ib. 6, 525: agros pingues, to lay open, i. e. to plough up, till, Lucr. 5, 1248:

piceae tantum taxique nocentes Interdum aut hederae pandunt vestigia nigrae,

disclose, Verg. G. 2, 257:

torridam incendio rupem ferro pandunt,

lay open, split, Liv. 21, 37, 3:

pandite nunc Helicona, deae,

Verg. A. 7, 641; 10, 1.—

Mid., to open itself, to open: panduntur inter ordines [p. 1297] viae, Liv. 10, 41:

cum caudā omnis jam panditur Hydra,

i. e. displays itself, Cic. Arat. 449.—

Trop.

To spread, extend; and with se, to spread or extend itself:

cum tempora se veris florentia pandunt,

Lucr. 6, 359:

illa divina (bona) longe lateque se pandunt caelumque contingunt,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 27, 76:

quaerebam utrum panderem vela orationis,

id. ib. 4, 5, 9:

umbriferos ubi pandit Tabrica saltus,

Juv. 10, 194. —Mid.:

ab aquilone pandetur malum super omnes,

Vulg. Jer. 1, 14; see also under P. a. B.—

To open:

viam alicui ad dominationem,

Liv. 4, 15:

viam fugae,

id. 10, 5.—

In partic., to unfold in speaking, to make known, publish, relate, explain (mostly poet.):

omnem rerum naturam dictis,

Lucr. 5, 54:

primordia rerum,

id. 1, 55:

res altā terrā et caligine mersas,

Verg. A. 6, 267; 3, 252; 3, 479:

nomen,

Ov. M. 4, 679:

fata,

Luc. 6, 590:

Hesiodus agricolis praecepta pandere orsus,

Plin. H. N. 14, 1, 1, § 3.—Hence,

pansus, a, um, P. a., spread out, outspread, outstretched, extended (rare and mostly post-Aug.):

manibus et pedibus pansis,

Vitr. 3, 1:

suppliciter pansis ad numina palmis, Germ. Arat. 68: sago porrectius panso,

Amm. 29, 5, 48:

pansis in altum bracchiis,

Prud. Cath. 12, 170: panso currere carbaso, id. adv. Symm. praef. 1, 48.—

passus, a, um (cf.:

ab eo, quod est pando passum veteres dixerunt, non pansum, etc.,

Gell. 15, 15, 1), P. a., outspread, outstretched, extended, open.

Lit.:

velo passo pervenire,

under full sail, Plaut. Stich. 2, 2, 45; so,

velis passis pervehi,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

passis late palmis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 98:

passis manibus,

Plin. 7, 17, 17, § 77; Gell. 15, 15, 3: crinis passus, and more freq. in plur., crines passi, loose, dishevelled hair:

capillus passus,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 56; Caes. B. G. 1. 51; 7, 48; Liv. 1, 13; Verg. A. 1, 480 et saep.—Hence, verba passa, loose, relaxed, i. e. prose, App. Flor. 2, 15, p. 352, 1.—

Transf.

Spread out to dry (v. supra, I. 2.); hence, dried, dry:

uvae,

i. e. raisins, Col. 12, 39, 4; Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 4, 4 Mai; Vulg. Num. 6, 4; so,

acini,

Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16:

racemi,

Verg. G. 4, 269:

rapa,

Plin. 18, 13, 34, § 127:

uva passa pendilis,

Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 99:

lac passum,

boiled milk, Ov. M. 14, 274.—Hence,

Transf.: rugosi passique senes, dried up, withered, Lucil. ap. Non. 12, 5 (Sat. 19, 11).— Hence, subst.: passum, i, n. (sc. vinum), wine made from dried grapes, raisin-wine: passum nominabant, si in vindemiā uvam diutius coctam legerent, eamque passi essent in sole aduri, Varr. ap. Non. 551, 27; Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 51:

passo psythia utilior,

Verg. G. 2, 93; Juv. 14, 271; cf. Col. 12, 39, 1; Plin. 14, 9, 11, § 81; Pall. 11, 19, 1:

passum quo ex sicciore uva est, eo valentius est,

Cels. 2, 18.—

Trop.: verba passa, prose (post-class.), App. Flor. p. 352, 1.

pellĭcĭo or perlĭcĭo, lexi, lectum, 3 (collat. form pellĭcĕo, ēre, Charis. p. 217 P.; Diom. p. 364 ib., prob. on account of the perf. pellicuit, Liv. Andron. ap. Prisc. p. 877 ib.), v. a. [per-lacio], to allure, entice, inveigle, decoy, coax, wheedle, etc.

Lit. (class.): pellexit, in fraudem induxit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 207 Müll.; Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 68:

is senem per epistolas Pellexit,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 18:

mulierem imbecilli consilii pellexit ad se,

Cic. Fl. 30, 72:

animum adulescentis,

id. Clu. 5, 13:

populum in servitutem,

Liv. 4, 15 fin.:

qui Chaucos ad deditionem pellicerent,

Tac. A. 11, 19:

militem donis, populum annonā, cunctos dulcedine otii pellexit,

id. ib. 1, 2:

Florus pellicere alam equitum, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 3, 42:

animas instabiles,

Vulg. 2 Pet. 2, 14.— Poet.:

nec poterat quemquam placidi pellacia ponti Subdola pellicere in fraudem ridentibus undis,

Lucr. 5, 1005; 6, 1001.—

Transf.: alienam segetem (alienas fruges, etc.), to draw away the fruits of another's land to one's own by incantations and magical arts, Serv. Verg. E. 8, 99; Plin. 18, 6, 8, § 41.—

Trop.:

meā quidem sententiā multo majorem partem sententiarum sale tuo et lepore et politissimis facetiis pellexisti,

have brought over to your side, Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 243.

pendĕo, pĕpendi, 2, v. n. [ intr. of pendo, q. v.], to hang, hang down, be suspended.

Lit., constr. with ab, ex, or in and abl.; also ( poet.), with abl. alone, or with de: pendent peniculamenta, Enn. ap. Non. 149, 32 (Ann. v. 363 Vahl.): in candelabro pendet strigilis, Varr. ap. Non. 223, 7:

in arbore,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 23, § 57:

sagittae pende, bant ab umero,

id. ib. 2, 4, 34, §

74: ex arbore,

id. ib. 2, 3, 26, §

66: ubera circum (pueri),

Verg. A. 8, 632:

horrida pendebant molles super ora capilli,

Ov. P. 3, 3, 17:

capiti patiar sacros pendere corymbos,

Prop. 2, 23, 35 (3, 28, 39):

telum... summo clipei nequiquam umbone pependit,

Verg. A. 2, 544:

deque viri collo dulce pependit onus,

Ov. F. 2, 760.—Of garments:

chlamydemque ut pendeat apte, Collocat,

Ov. M. 2, 733:

tigridis exuviae per dorsum a vertice pendent,

Verg. A. 11, 577.—Of slaves, who were strung up to be flogged, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 27:

quando pendes per pedes,

id. ib. 2, 2, 35:

ibi pendentem ferit,

id. Trin. 2, 1, 19; id. Truc. 4, 3, 3; cf. id. Men. 5, 5, 48: quid me fiet nunciam? Theo. Verberibus caedere pendens, id. Most. 5, 2, 45:

ego plectar pendens, nisi, etc.,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 43; id. Eun. 5, 6, 20.— Poet., of suspended votive offerings:

omnibus heu portis pendent mea noxia vota,

Prop. 4 (5), 3, 17; Tib. 1, 1, 16 (24):

pendebatque vagi pastoris in arbore votum,

id. 2, 5, 29:

pendebit fistula pinu,

Verg. E. 7, 24:

multaque praeterea sacris in postibus arma, Captivi pendent currus, etc.,

id. A. 7, 184.—Of one who hangs himself, Mart. 8, 61, 2:

e trabe sublimi triste pependit onus,

Ov. R. Am. 18:

pendentem volo Zoilum videre,

Mart. 4, 77, 5.—Of any thing hung up for public notice;

of the names of persons accused,

Suet. Dom. 9, Plin. Ep. 4, 9, 1;

of goods hung up, exposed for sale,

Phaedr. 3, 4, 1;

transf., of a debtor whose goods are exposed for sale,

Suet. Claud. 9 fin. —Prov.: pendere filo or tenui filo, to hang by a thread, i. e. to be in great danger: hac noctu filo pendebit Etruria tota, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 1, 4 (Ann. v. 153 Vahl.):

omnia sunt hominum tenui pendentia filo,

Ov. P. 4, 3, 35; Val. Max. 6, 4, 1.—

Transf. (mostly poet.; cf. immineo).

To hang in the air, be suspended, to float, hover, overhang: per speluncas saxis structas asperis, pendentibus, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37 (Trag. Rel. p. 245 Rib.);

imitated,

Lucr. 6, 195:

hinc scopulus raucis pendet adesus aquis,

Ov. H. 10, 26:

dum siccā tellure licet, dum nubila pendent,

Verg. G. 1, 214:

hi summo in fluctu pendent,

id. A. 1, 106:

illisaque prora pependit,

id. ib. 5, 206; Curt. 4, 2, 9:

dumosā pendere procul de rupe videbo (capros),

Verg. E. 1, 77:

pendentes rupe capellae,

Ov. P. 1, 8, 51.—So of birds, which float or hover in the air:

olor niveis pendebat in aëra pennis,

Ov. M. 7, 379; 8, 145:

et supra vatem multa pependit avis,

Mart. Spect. 21.—

Of a rapid course: raraque non fracto vestigia pulvere pendent,

Stat. Th. 6, 638.—

To hang loosely together, be unstable, movable:

opertum (litus) pendeat algā,

Ov. M. 11, 233.—

To hang about, loiter, tarry, linger anywhere:

nostroque in limine pendes,

Verg. A. 6, 151.—

To hang down, be flabby or flaccid, weak, without strength:

fluidos pendere lacertos,

Ov. M. 15, 231:

pendentesque genas et aniles aspice rugas,

Juv. 10, 193.—

To weigh:

offula cum duabus costis quae penderet III. et XX. pondo,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 11:

cyathus pendet drachmas X., mna pendet drachmas Atticas centum,

Plin. 21, 34, 109, § 185:

Lucio Titio modios centum, qui singuli pondo centum pendeant, heres dato,

Dig. 33, 6, 7.—

Trop.

To hang, rest, or depend upon a person or thing (class.); constr. with ex, in, ab, the simple abl., or de:

tuorum, qui ex te pendent,

Cic. Fam. 6, 22, 2:

spes pendet ex fortunā,

id. Par. 2, 17:

ex quo verbo tota causa pendebat,

id. de Or. 2, 25, 107; id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

hinc omnis pendet Lucilius,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 6:

an ignoratis. vectigalia perlevi saepe momento fortunae pendere?

Cic. Agr. 2, 29, 80:

salus nostra, quae spe exiguā extremāque pendet,

Cic. Fl. 2, 4:

tam levi momento mea apud vos fama pendet,

Liv. 2, 7, 10:

pendere ex alterius vultu ac nutu,

id. 39, 5, 3:

oblite, tuā nostram pendere salutem,

Sil. 3, 109: in sententiis [p. 1328] omnium civium famam nostram fortunamque pendere, Cic. Pis. 41, 98:

ex ancipiti temporum mutatione pendere,

Curt. 4, 1, 27; Luc. 5, 686:

deque tuis pendentia Dardana fatis,

Sil. 13, 504; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 105:

tyrannus, cum quo fatum pendebat amici,

Juv. 4, 88.—

To hang upon a person's words, to gaze fixedly, listen attentively to ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose; cf.

haereo): (Dido) pendet iterum narrantis ab ore,

Verg. A. 4, 79:

narrantis conjux pendet ab ore viri,

Ov. H. 1, 30:

ab imagine pendet,

Sil. 8, 93; cf. Quint. 11, 3, 72:

pervigil Arcadio Tiphys pendebat ab astro,

Val. Fl. 1, 481:

attentus et pendens,

Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 7:

ex vultu dicentis pendent omnium vultus,

Sen. Contr. 9, 23, 5.— Poet., with a terminal clause:

e summo pendent cupida agmina vallo, Noscere quisque suos,

Stat. Th. 10, 457.—

To be suspended, interrupted, discontinued ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

pendent opera interrupta,

Verg. A. 4, 88:

mutui datio interdum pendet,

Dig. 12, 1, 8:

condictio pendet,

ib. 7, 1, 12 fin.:

actio negotiorum gestorum pendeat,

ib. 3, 5, 8; 24, 1, 11:

pendet jus liberorum, propter jus postliminii,

Just. Inst. 1, 12, 5.—

To hang suspended, be ready to fall:

nec amicum pendentem corruere patitur,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43.—

To be in suspense, to be uncertain, doubiful, irresolute, perplexed (cf. haesito):

animus tibi pendet?

Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 18:

nolo suspensam et incertam plebem Romanam obscurā spe et caecā exspectatione pendere,

Cic. Agr. 2, 25, 66:

ne diutius pendeas,

id. Att. 4, 15, 6:

quia quam diu futurum hoc sit, non nimis pendeo,

Sen. Ep. 61, 2:

mortales pavidis cum pendent mentibus,

Lucr. 6, 51.—Esp. freq.:

pendere animi (locative case, v. Kühnast,

Liv. Synt. p. 39):

Clitipho cum spe pendebit animi,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 4, 5:

exanimatus pendet animi,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 16, 35:

pendeo animi exspectatione Corfiniensi,

id. Att. 8, 5, 2:

animi pendeo et de te et de me,

id. ib. 16, 12.—With rel.-clause:

ego animi pendeo, quid illud sit negotii,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 18:

ostendis te pendere animi, quamnam rationem, etc.,

Cic. Att. 11, 12, 1; id. Leg. 1, 3, 9.—Less freq.: pendere animo: atque animo noctu pendens eventa timebat, Cic. poët. ap. Non. 204, 8.—In plur.:

animis: quodsi exspectando et desiderando pendemus animis, cruciamur, angimur,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 40, 96:

sollicitis ac pendentibus animis,

Liv. 7, 30 fin. dub. (al. animi, v. Drak. ad loc.).—With cum:

plebs innumera mentibus cum dimicationum curulium eventu pendentem,

Amm. 14, 6, 26.—Law t. t., to be undetermined, to await decision:

pendente condicione,

Gai. Inst. 2, 200; 1, 186; 3, 179.—

To have weight or value:

bona vera idem pendent,

Sen. Ep. 66, 30 (Haas; al. pendunt).—Hence, pendens, entis, P. a.

Hanging; in econom. lang., of fruits not yet plucked or gathered:

vinum,

Cato, R. R. 147:

vindemia,

Dig. 19, 1, 25:

olea,

Cato, R. R. 146:

fructus,

Dig. 6, 1, 44. —

Pending; hence, in jurid, Lat., in pendenti esse, to be pending, undecided, uncertain:

quando in pendenti est, an, etc.,

Dig. 38, 17, 10:

in pendenti est posterior solutio ac prior,

ib. 46, 3, 58; 7, 1, 25:

in pendenti habere aliquid,

to regard a thing as uncertain, doubtful, Dig. 49, 17, 19 fin.

pĕtĭŏlus, i, m. dim. [pes], a little foot, little leg (post-Aug.).

Lit.: nudus, Afr. ap. Non. 160, 16; Cels. 2, 18, 31:

in petiolis capitulisque haedorum et vitulorum et agnorum,

id. 2, 22, 2.—

Transf., a stem or stalk of fruits:

petioli, quibus mala pendent,

Col. Arb. 23, 2;

of the olive,

id. 12, 49, 8.

Pīcēnum, i, n. [acc. to Fest. from picus: Picena regio in quā est Asculum, dicta, quod, Sabini cum Asculum proficiscerentur, in vexillo eorum picus consederit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 212 Müll.], a district in the eastern part of Italy which produced fruits and oil of excellent quality, the territory of the mod. Ancona, Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Mel. 2, 4, 6; Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 109; Cic. Att. 8, 8, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 12; Liv. 27, 43 al.—Hence,

Pīcens, entis, adj., of or belonging to Picenum, Picene:

ager,

Cic. Sen. 4, 11:

populus,

Liv. 10, 10 fin.:

M. Acilius Palicanus, Picens,

Quint. 4, 2, 2:

panes,

Macr. S. 2, 9. —In plur. subst.: Pīcentes, ium, m., the inhabitants of Picenum, the Picenes, Cic. Sull. 8, 25.— Gen.:

Picentium,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110:

Picentum,

Sil. 10, 313.— Sing.:

Picens,

Juv. 4, 65.—

Pī-cēnus, a, um, adj., Picene (only of things;

whereas Picens is used both of persons and things): ager,

Cic. Brut. 14, 57; Liv. 21, 62; Sall. C. 27, 1:

vitis,

Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 37:

poma,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 272:

olivae,

Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 16; cf. Mart. 5, 78, 20; 11, 52, 11; 13, 36, 1:

mala,

Juv. 11, 74 al. —

Pīcentīnus, a, um, adj., lit., of or belonging to the Picentes, Picentian, Picene (very rare):

Ceres,

Mart. 13, 47, 1.

Pīcēnum, i, n. [acc. to Fest. from picus: Picena regio in quā est Asculum, dicta, quod, Sabini cum Asculum proficiscerentur, in vexillo eorum picus consederit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 212 Müll.], a district in the eastern part of Italy which produced fruits and oil of excellent quality, the territory of the mod. Ancona, Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Mel. 2, 4, 6; Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 109; Cic. Att. 8, 8, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 12; Liv. 27, 43 al.—Hence,

Pīcens, entis, adj., of or belonging to Picenum, Picene:

ager,

Cic. Sen. 4, 11:

populus,

Liv. 10, 10 fin.:

M. Acilius Palicanus, Picens,

Quint. 4, 2, 2:

panes,

Macr. S. 2, 9. —In plur. subst.: Pīcentes, ium, m., the inhabitants of Picenum, the Picenes, Cic. Sull. 8, 25.— Gen.:

Picentium,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110:

Picentum,

Sil. 10, 313.— Sing.:

Picens,

Juv. 4, 65.—

Pī-cēnus, a, um, adj., Picene (only of things;

whereas Picens is used both of persons and things): ager,

Cic. Brut. 14, 57; Liv. 21, 62; Sall. C. 27, 1:

vitis,

Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 37:

poma,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 272:

olivae,

Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 16; cf. Mart. 5, 78, 20; 11, 52, 11; 13, 36, 1:

mala,

Juv. 11, 74 al. —

Pīcentīnus, a, um, adj., lit., of or belonging to the Picentes, Picentian, Picene (very rare):

Ceres,

Mart. 13, 47, 1.

Pīcēnum, i, n. [acc. to Fest. from picus: Picena regio in quā est Asculum, dicta, quod, Sabini cum Asculum proficiscerentur, in vexillo eorum picus consederit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 212 Müll.], a district in the eastern part of Italy which produced fruits and oil of excellent quality, the territory of the mod. Ancona, Varr. R. R. 1, 50, 2; Mel. 2, 4, 6; Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 109; Cic. Att. 8, 8, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 12; Liv. 27, 43 al.—Hence,

Pīcens, entis, adj., of or belonging to Picenum, Picene:

ager,

Cic. Sen. 4, 11:

populus,

Liv. 10, 10 fin.:

M. Acilius Palicanus, Picens,

Quint. 4, 2, 2:

panes,

Macr. S. 2, 9. —In plur. subst.: Pīcentes, ium, m., the inhabitants of Picenum, the Picenes, Cic. Sull. 8, 25.— Gen.:

Picentium,

Varr. R. R. 1, 2; Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110:

Picentum,

Sil. 10, 313.— Sing.:

Picens,

Juv. 4, 65.—

Pī-cēnus, a, um, adj., Picene (only of things;

whereas Picens is used both of persons and things): ager,

Cic. Brut. 14, 57; Liv. 21, 62; Sall. C. 27, 1:

vitis,

Plin. 14, 3, 4, § 37:

poma,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 272:

olivae,

Plin. 15, 3, 4, § 16; cf. Mart. 5, 78, 20; 11, 52, 11; 13, 36, 1:

mala,

Juv. 11, 74 al. —

Pīcentīnus, a, um, adj., lit., of or belonging to the Picentes, Picentian, Picene (very rare):

Ceres,

Mart. 13, 47, 1.

plăcĭdus, a, um, adj. [placeo, qs. pleasing, mild; hence], gentle, quiet, still, calm, mild, peaceful, placid (class.; syn.: quietus, mollis, lenis).

In gen.

Of persons:

clemens, placidus,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 10:

reddere aliquem placidum,

Plaut. Curc. 4, 3, 49; Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 18; Cic. Caecin. 10.—

Of things:

caelum,

Sil. 12, 667:

placidus et serenus dies,

Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 14:

mare,

id. ib. 9, 26:

pontus,

Lucr. 5, 1004:

amnis,

Ov. M. 1, 702:

placida quietaque constantia,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 5, 10:

placida ac lenis senectus,

id. Sen. 5, 13:

oratio,

id. de Or. 2, 43, 183:

vita,

Lucr. 5, 1122:

mors,

Verg. A. 6, 522:

somnus,

Ov. F. 3, 185:

urbs,

Verg. A. 7, 46:

nec quidquam magnum est nisi quod simul placidum,

Sen. Ira, 1, 21, 4:

re placidā atque otiosā,

i. e. in quiet times, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 56.— Comp.:

nihil illis placidius, aut quietius erat,

Liv. 3, 14:

loca placidiora,

less visited with unfavorable weather, Pall. 1, 6.— Sup.:

placidissima pax,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 16, 48:

tellus placidissima,

Verg. A. 3, 78.—

In partic.

Of fruits, ripe, mellow:

uva,

Sedul. 1, 29.—

Of plants, trees, etc., not wild, fruitful:

arbores placidiores,

Plin. 16, 5, 6, § 16.—Hence, adv.: plă-cĭdē, softly, gently, quietly, calmly, peacefully, placidly (class.):

forem aperire,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 7, 35:

placide volo,

id. Merc. 1, 2, 47:

propere hoc, non placide decet (sc. agi),

id. Mil. 2, 2, 65:

ire,

gently, lightly, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 27:

progredi,

Caes. B. G. 6, 7:

placide et sedate ferre dolorem,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 58:

placide et sedate loqui,

id. Or. 27, 92:

placide et benigne verba facere,

Sall. J. 102, 12:

placide et comiter (inquit),

Gell. 19, 1, 13.— Comp.:

plebem in magistratu placidius tractare,

Sall. C. 39, 2.— Sup.:

placidissime respondit,

Aug. Conf. 6, 1.

praecox, cŏcis, also praecŏquis, e, and praecŏquus, a, um, adj. [praecoquo], ripe before its time, early ripe, rareripe, premature, precocious (syn. praematurus).

Lit.:

allium praecox,

Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 112:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 19:

germinationes,

id. 17, 2, 2, § 16:

pira,

Col. 5, 10:

vites praecoquis fructus,

id. 3, 2:

ex unā praecoque vite,

id. 3, 9:

uvas praecoquas legere,

id. 12, 37:

arbores,

bearing fruit before their time, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 114: quando jam praecoquae uvae vesci possunt, when the earliest grapes are ripe, Vulg. Num. 13, 21. —

Transf.: loca, and subst.: prae-cŏcĭa, ĭum, n., places where fruits ripen early, Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 79; 18, 24, 54, § 197. —

Trop., over-hasty, premature, precocious, untimely ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose; not in Cic.): pugna, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 16 (Ann. v. 282):

ingeniorum velut praecox genus,

Quint. 1, 3, 3:

risus praecox,

Plin. 7 prooem. 1, §

2: audacia,

i. e. of a boy, Sen. Brev. Vit. 6: fuga, Lucil. ap. Non. 150, 17; Varr. ap. ib. 157, 3: praecoquis libido, Nov. ap. ib. 150, 18; Afran. ap. Gell. 10, 11, 9.—

* Adv.: praecŏquē, prematurely, etc.: properans, Auct. Itin. Alex. 38 Mai.

praecox, cŏcis, also praecŏquis, e, and praecŏquus, a, um, adj. [praecoquo], ripe before its time, early ripe, rareripe, premature, precocious (syn. praematurus).

Lit.:

allium praecox,

Plin. 19, 6, 34, § 112:

rosa,

id. 21, 4, 10, § 19:

germinationes,

id. 17, 2, 2, § 16:

pira,

Col. 5, 10:

vites praecoquis fructus,

id. 3, 2:

ex unā praecoque vite,

id. 3, 9:

uvas praecoquas legere,

id. 12, 37:

arbores,

bearing fruit before their time, Plin. 16, 27, 50, § 114: quando jam praecoquae uvae vesci possunt, when the earliest grapes are ripe, Vulg. Num. 13, 21. —

Transf.: loca, and subst.: prae-cŏcĭa, ĭum, n., places where fruits ripen early, Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 79; 18, 24, 54, § 197. —

Trop., over-hasty, premature, precocious, untimely ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose; not in Cic.): pugna, Enn. ap. Non. 150, 16 (Ann. v. 282):

ingeniorum velut praecox genus,

Quint. 1, 3, 3:

risus praecox,

Plin. 7 prooem. 1, §

2: audacia,

i. e. of a boy, Sen. Brev. Vit. 6: fuga, Lucil. ap. Non. 150, 17; Varr. ap. ib. 157, 3: praecoquis libido, Nov. ap. ib. 150, 18; Afran. ap. Gell. 10, 11, 9.—

* Adv.: praecŏquē, prematurely, etc.: properans, Auct. Itin. Alex. 38 Mai.

praelībātĭo, ōnis, f. [praelibo], a tasting or taking away beforehand (post-class.).

Lit., an offering of the first-fruits: praemetium, quod praelibationis causā ante praemetitur, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. praemetium, p. 235 Müll.: labiorum, a slight touch of the lips, a gentle kiss, Ambros. Isaac et Anim. 3, 8 fin. —

Trop., a lessening, diminution, Tert. Anim. 58.

prae-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a., to send forward or before, to despatch in advance.

Lit. (class.):

a portu me praemisisti domum,

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55:

nuntium,

id. Truc. 2, 4, 58:

legiones in Hispaniam,

Caes. B. C. 1, 39:

legatum ad flumen,

Sall. J. 52, 5:

petebant uti ad eos equites praemitteret, sc. nuntios,

Caes. B. G. 4, 11; 7, 10, 3; id. B. C. 2, 20, 6:

edictum,

id. ib. 2, 19, 1; Liv. 35, 24, 3; Tac. H. 2, 63:

odiosas litteras,

Cic. Att. 10, 8, 8:

hunc Acheruntem praemittam prius,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 12.—

Transf., in gen., to set before or in front:

ficetis caprificus praemittitur,

Plin. 15, 19, 21, § 80 (dub.; al. permittitur).—

Trop., to send out in advance (post-Aug.):

cervicem gladio caesim graviter percussit, praemissā voce: Hoc age,

saying first, Suet. Calig. 58:

postquam haec favorabili oratione praemisit,

Tac. Am. 12, 6:

cogitationes in longinqua praemittimus,

send our thoughts into the distance, Sen. Ep. 5, 7.—Hence, praemissa, ōrum, n., things sent in advance, the first - fruits, = primitiae (postAug.), Plin. 12, 1, 2, § 5.

prosper, and more freq. prospĕrus, a. um, adj. [pro-spero, answering to hope; cf. spes], agreeable to one's wishes, favorable, fortunate, prosperous (freq. and class.; cf.:

faustus, propitius): sperem veteres pro spem dixerunt, unde et prospere dicimus, hoc est, pro spe,

Non. 171, 25:

auspicium prosperum,

Naev. 4, 2; cf. in sup.:

prosperrimum augurium,

Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 21:

prospera adversaque fortuna,

Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:

magnis autem viris prosperae semper omnes res,

id. ib. 2, 66, 167:

prosperae res,

id. Brut. 3, 12:

non jam id ago, ut prosperos exitus consequar,

id. Att. 9, 7, 1: successus, Liv. praef. fin.:

prosperrimo rerum eventu,

Vell. 2, 122, 2.— Comp.:

prosperior civium amor,

Tac. A. 6, 51:

mox cecinit laudes prosperiore lyrā,

Ov. A. A. 3, 50:

prosperius fatum,

id. F. 3, 614:

nomina,

of good omen, Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 22; so,

verba,

Ov. P. 4, 4, 38.—In nom. sing.: prosper dicendi successus, Auct. ap. Prisc. p. 693 P.; Anthol. Lat. 5, 132:

deinde est hominum generi prosperus et salutaris ille fulgor, qui dicitur Jovis,

propitious, favorable, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17 (cited in Prisc. p. 693 P.):

immoriens magnis non prosperus ausis,

Sil. 10, 202:

prosperus in Africam transitus,

Val. Max. 3, 7, 1.—With evenio (cf. prospere):

omnia quae prospera tibi evenere,

Liv. 28, 42, 15:

si cetera prospera evenissent,

id. 21, 21, 9:

quod bellum... ut id prosperum eveniret,

id. 42, 28, 7; 37, 47, 4.—

With gen. ( poet.):

noctilucam. Prosperam frugum,

beneficial to fruits, Hor. C. 4, 6, 39.—

Subst., in plur.: prospĕra, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune, prosperity (postAug.):

prospera belli,

Luc. 5, 782:

rerum,

id. 7, 107:

tam mala Pompeii quam prospera mundus adoret,

id. 7, 708:

Germani prosperis feroces,

Tac. H. 5, 15; Plin. Pan. 7.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

pro-spĕrē, agreeably to one's wishes, favorably, luckily, fortunately, prosperously (class.):

omnia profluenter, prospere,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 53:

procedere,

id. Fam. 12, 9, 2:

cedere alicui,

Nep. Dat. 1, 2:

succedere,

id. ib. 6, 1:

cui ut omnia prospere evenirent,

Liv. 23, 27, 12:

cadere,

Tac. A. 2, 46.— Comp.:

aves quae prosperius evolant,

with better augury, Gell. 6, 6, 8:

res eventura prosperius,

id. 1, 13, 1; Col. 4, 32, 1.— Sup.: prosperrĭme geruntur omnia. Vell. 2, 97, 1:

dimicare,

Suet. Caes. 36.—

prospĕ-rĭter, favorably, fortunately, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.

prosper, and more freq. prospĕrus, a. um, adj. [pro-spero, answering to hope; cf. spes], agreeable to one's wishes, favorable, fortunate, prosperous (freq. and class.; cf.:

faustus, propitius): sperem veteres pro spem dixerunt, unde et prospere dicimus, hoc est, pro spe,

Non. 171, 25:

auspicium prosperum,

Naev. 4, 2; cf. in sup.:

prosperrimum augurium,

Plin. 10, 8, 9, § 21:

prospera adversaque fortuna,

Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:

magnis autem viris prosperae semper omnes res,

id. ib. 2, 66, 167:

prosperae res,

id. Brut. 3, 12:

non jam id ago, ut prosperos exitus consequar,

id. Att. 9, 7, 1: successus, Liv. praef. fin.:

prosperrimo rerum eventu,

Vell. 2, 122, 2.— Comp.:

prosperior civium amor,

Tac. A. 6, 51:

mox cecinit laudes prosperiore lyrā,

Ov. A. A. 3, 50:

prosperius fatum,

id. F. 3, 614:

nomina,

of good omen, Plin. 28, 2, 5, § 22; so,

verba,

Ov. P. 4, 4, 38.—In nom. sing.: prosper dicendi successus, Auct. ap. Prisc. p. 693 P.; Anthol. Lat. 5, 132:

deinde est hominum generi prosperus et salutaris ille fulgor, qui dicitur Jovis,

propitious, favorable, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17 (cited in Prisc. p. 693 P.):

immoriens magnis non prosperus ausis,

Sil. 10, 202:

prosperus in Africam transitus,

Val. Max. 3, 7, 1.—With evenio (cf. prospere):

omnia quae prospera tibi evenere,

Liv. 28, 42, 15:

si cetera prospera evenissent,

id. 21, 21, 9:

quod bellum... ut id prosperum eveniret,

id. 42, 28, 7; 37, 47, 4.—

With gen. ( poet.):

noctilucam. Prosperam frugum,

beneficial to fruits, Hor. C. 4, 6, 39.—

Subst., in plur.: prospĕra, ōrum, n., favorable circumstances, good fortune, prosperity (postAug.):

prospera belli,

Luc. 5, 782:

rerum,

id. 7, 107:

tam mala Pompeii quam prospera mundus adoret,

id. 7, 708:

Germani prosperis feroces,

Tac. H. 5, 15; Plin. Pan. 7.—Hence, adv., in two forms.

pro-spĕrē, agreeably to one's wishes, favorably, luckily, fortunately, prosperously (class.):

omnia profluenter, prospere,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 18, 53:

procedere,

id. Fam. 12, 9, 2:

cedere alicui,

Nep. Dat. 1, 2:

succedere,

id. ib. 6, 1:

cui ut omnia prospere evenirent,

Liv. 23, 27, 12:

cadere,

Tac. A. 2, 46.— Comp.:

aves quae prosperius evolant,

with better augury, Gell. 6, 6, 8:

res eventura prosperius,

id. 1, 13, 1; Col. 4, 32, 1.— Sup.: prosperrĭme geruntur omnia. Vell. 2, 97, 1:

dimicare,

Suet. Caes. 36.—

prospĕ-rĭter, favorably, fortunately, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.

sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).

Lit.:

ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio),

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.:

sopor quem satur aut lassus capias,

Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit;

saturis nihil geretur,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3;

so (with ebrius and crudus),

Quint. 11, 3, 27:

et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

capellae,

Verg. E. 10, 77:

colonus,

Tib. 2, 1, 23:

histrio,

Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—

With abl.:

qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 8:

quadrupedes suco ambrosiae,

Ov. M. 2, 120:

nepos anseris extis,

Pers. 6, 71.—

With gen.:

postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so,

rerum (with plenus),

Lucr. 3, 960:

altilium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.— Comp.:

agnus saturior lactis,

Col. 7, 4, 3.—

Transf., of things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Of color, full, deep, strong, rich:

color,

Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

vellera saturo fucata colore,

Verg. G. 4, 335:

(purpura) quo melior saturiorque est,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12:

vestes Tyrio saturae ostro,

richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—

In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile:

praesepia,

Verg. G. 3, 214:

Tarentum,

id. ib. 2, 197; cf.

rus,

Pers. 1, 71:

auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes,

Lucil. Aetn. 12:

locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—

Fatted, fat:

aves paludis,

Mart. 11, 52, 14.—

Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare;

perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet),

Cic. Or. 36, 123:

gestus,

i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,

Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly:

lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro,

Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.:

hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc.,

Lact. 1, 21, 13.—

sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2:

sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified:

Satura jocabunda,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.

sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).

Lit.:

ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio),

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.:

sopor quem satur aut lassus capias,

Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit;

saturis nihil geretur,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3;

so (with ebrius and crudus),

Quint. 11, 3, 27:

et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

capellae,

Verg. E. 10, 77:

colonus,

Tib. 2, 1, 23:

histrio,

Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—

With abl.:

qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 8:

quadrupedes suco ambrosiae,

Ov. M. 2, 120:

nepos anseris extis,

Pers. 6, 71.—

With gen.:

postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so,

rerum (with plenus),

Lucr. 3, 960:

altilium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.— Comp.:

agnus saturior lactis,

Col. 7, 4, 3.—

Transf., of things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Of color, full, deep, strong, rich:

color,

Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

vellera saturo fucata colore,

Verg. G. 4, 335:

(purpura) quo melior saturiorque est,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12:

vestes Tyrio saturae ostro,

richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—

In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile:

praesepia,

Verg. G. 3, 214:

Tarentum,

id. ib. 2, 197; cf.

rus,

Pers. 1, 71:

auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes,

Lucil. Aetn. 12:

locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—

Fatted, fat:

aves paludis,

Mart. 11, 52, 14.—

Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare;

perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet),

Cic. Or. 36, 123:

gestus,

i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,

Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly:

lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro,

Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.:

hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc.,

Lact. 1, 21, 13.—

sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2:

sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified:

Satura jocabunda,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.