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101 πυθμήν
πυθμήν, - ένοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `bottom of a vessel, the sea etc., ground, base, underlay, foot, e.g. of a cup, plant, i.e. root-end, stick, stem' (ep. Il., hell. a. late prose), `the lowest number (base) of an arithmetic series' (Pl. a.o.).Compounds: Tately as 2. member e.g. ἀ-πύθμεν-ος `bottomless, footless' (Thphr.; Sommer Nominalkomp. 99); besides (gramm.) withou them. vowel ἀ-πύθμην `id.' (Theognost.) a.o.Derivatives: Dimin. πυθμέν-ιον n. (pap.), - ικός `belonging to the base', - έω `to form a base' (late).Etymology: Formation like λιμήν, ποιμήν (Schwyzer 522, Chantraine Form. 174; not productive). Except for the suffix πυθ-μήν agrees with Skt. budh-ná- m. `bottom, ground, foot, root', IE * bhudh-. Also morphologically these words can be brought together, if one derived budh-na- from * bhudh-mn-o- (the m was soon lost). In Germ. * bhudh- became PGm. * bud- (seen in OE bodan, MLG bōdem(e) etc.); then, after mn \> n, * bud-n- became * butt- \> bot(t)- according to Kluge's law (seen in OE botem \> Engl. bottom), ONord. botn); we also find evidence for PGm. * buÞ- (OHG bodam, OS bothme, ME bothme) which is as yet unexplained; see now G. Kroonen, ABäG 61(2006)xxx-xxx. Further removed is Lat. fundus `bottom etc.', with which MIr. bond, bonn `sole, basis' can be identical (IE * bhund(h)o-). The inner nasal is prob. connected with the nasalsuffix in * bhudh-no- and can be due to old metathesis, as corresponding forms appear also on Indo-Iran. territory, e.g. Av. bū̆na m. `ground, bottom' (from * bundna-?), Prākr. bundha- m. `bottom of a vase'; s. Mayrhofer s. budhnáḥ w. lit.; cf. also πύνδαξ (s.v.). -- Hypotheses in Bq and Ernout-Meillet s. fundus (after Vendryes MSL 18, 305 ff.); further rich lit. in W.-Hofmann s. fundus (WP. 2, 190, Pok. 174). On the meaning in gen. Kretschmer Glotta 22, 115ff. (against Porzig WuS 15, 112 f.); for Greek esp. Furumark Eranos 44, 45 ff. Though some details remain difficult, the reconstruction can hardly be doubted.Page in Frisk: 2,620-621Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πυθμήν
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102 οὕτω
οὕτω/οὕτως adv. of οὗτος (Hom.+ gener. ‘so’); the form οὕτως is most used, before consonants as well as before vowels; the form οὕτω (En 98:3 before a vowel; EpArist only before consonants) in the NT only Ac 23:11; Phil 3:17; Hb 12:21; Rv 16:18 w. really outstanding attestation and taken into the text by most edd.; by others, with t.r., also Mt 3:15; 7:17; Mk 2:7; Ac 13:47; Ro 1:15; 6:19 (B-D-F §21; W-S. §5, 28b; Mlt-H. 112f; W-H. appendix 146f. Also in ins [s. Nachmanson 112], pap [Mayser 242f; Crönert 142] and LXX [Thackeray p. 136] οὕτως predominates)① referring to what precedes, in this manner, thus, soⓐ w. a correlative word καθάπερ … οὕτως (s. καθάπερ) (just) as … so Ro 12:4f; 1 Cor 12:12; 2 Cor 8:11. καθὼς … οὕτως (just) as … so Lk 11:30; 17:26; J 3:14; 12:50; 14:31; 15:4; 2 Cor 1:5; 10:7; Col 3:13; 1 Th 2:4. ὡς … οὕτως as … so Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); 23:11 (οὕτω); Ro 5:15, 18; 1 Cor 7:17a; 2 Cor 7:14. ὥσπερ … οὕτως (ParJer 7:26f; GrBar 4:16; ApcEsdr 1:14; Jos., Vi. 1; Just., D. 6, 2; Tat. 5, 2 [οὕτω]) Mt 12:40; 13:40; Lk 17:24; J 5:21, 26; Ro 5:12, 19, 21; 6:4; GJs 13:1 (end). καθʼ ὅσον … οὕτως as … so Hb 9:27f. ὸ̔ν τρόπον … οὕτως 2 Ti 3:8 (TestJob 27:3ff; Just., A I, 7, 3 al.).ⓑ w. ref. to what precedes, abs. Mt 5:19; 6:30; Ro 11:5; 1 Cor 8:12 al. τὸν οὕτως (namely ἐν σαρκί) ἀναστάντα AcPlCor 2:25. ταῦτα οὕτως so much for that 17:2. οὐδὲ οὕτως not even thus Mk 14:59 (Just., D. 12, 2; 46, 6). Pointing the moral after figures of speech, parables, and examples (Aristot., Rhet. 1393b [II, 20]) Mt 5:16; 12:45; 13:49; 18:14; 20:16; Lk 12:21; 15:7, 10; J 3:8.—οὕτως can take on a specif. mng. fr. what precedes: οὕτως ἀποκρίνῃ τῷ ἀρχιερεῖ; is that the way (= so shamelessly) you answer the high priest? J 18:22; so basely 1 Cor 5:3; so intensely (of love) Dg 10:3; unmarried 1 Cor 7:26, 40. ἐὰν ἀφῶμεν αὐτὸν οὕτως if we let him (go on) this way (performing miracle after miracle) J 11:48. Cp. Ro 9:20. οὕτως προοδοιπορούντων those who thus precede AcPlCor 2:37 (restored).—οὕτως καί Mt 17:12; 18:35; 24:33; Mk 13:29; Lk 17:10. οὐχ οὕτως ἐστὶν ἐν ὑμῖν it is not so among you Mt 20:26; Mk 10:43. Elliptically (B-D-F §480, 5) ὑμεῖς οὐχ οὕτως you (are) not (to act) in this way Lk 22:26 (ὑμεῖς δὲ μὴ οὕτως [v.l. οὕτως μὴ ποιεῖτε] TestNapht 3:4). οὐχ οὕτως, Μαρία (you are not to conceive a child) in that way i.e. the normal way of women GJs 11:3. Summarizing a thought expressed in what precedes: Mt 11:26; Ac 7:8; 1 Cor 14:25; 1 Th 4:17; 2 Pt 1:11.—Drawing an inference fr. what precedes so, hence (Horapollo 1, 34 οὕτω ὀνομασθήσεται; En 98:3) Ro 1:15; 6:11. οὕτως ὅτι as it is, since Rv 3:16.—Introducing a question so: Mt 26:40 οὕτως οὐκ ἰσχύσατε μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι μετʼ ἐμοῦ; so, you were not able to remain awake with me for only one hour?; Mk 7:18 οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀσύνετοί ἐστε; are you so dense, too? (i.e. like the crowd); 1 Cor 6:5 οὕτως οὐκ ἔνι ἐν ὑμῖν οὐδεὶς σοφός is it so (=our colloq. ‘do you mean to tell me’), that there’s not one person among you wise enough to settle a dispute between members?—Summarizing the content of a preceding participial constr. (Att.: Lysias 2, 79; also Jos., Bell. 2, 129, Ant. 8, 270; B-D-F §425, 6) Ac 20:11; 27:17.—ὁ μὲν οὕτως, ὁ δὲ οὕτως the one in one way, the other in another 1 Cor 7:7.② pert. to what follows in discourse material, in this way, as follows J 21:1. Of spoken or written words: what is so introduced follows immediately after οὕτως γέγραπται Mt 2:5. Cp. 6:9; Ac 7:6; 13:34, 47; Ro 10:6; Hb 4:4; GJs 21:2 (codd.); w. ὅτι recitative Lk 19:31; Ac 7:6; 13:34 (TestAbr A 8 p. 85, 15 [Stone p. 18]). W. inf. foll. (Gen 29:26) 1 Pt 2:15. Correlatively: οὕτως … καθώς Lk 24:24; Ro 11:26; Phil 3:17. οὕτως … ὸ̔ν τρόπον Ac 1:11; cp. 27:25. οὕτως … ὡς thus … as (Jos., Ant. 12, 304; Just., A I, 12, 10; 66, 1 al.) Mk 4:26 (‘it’s like when … ’); J 7:46; 1 Cor 3:15; 4:1; 9:26ab; Eph 5:33; Js 2:12. οὕτως … ὥστε (Hdt. 7, 174; Epict. 1, 11, 4; 4, 11, 19; SIG 1169, 57f ἔμπυος ἦς οὕτω σφόδρως, ὥστε … ἐνέπλησε πύους=he was suffering to such an extent from a suppurating wound, that … he was filled with matter; Jos., Ant. 8, 206; 9, 255) J 3:16 (s. B-D-F §391, 2; Mlt. 209; Rob. 1000); Ac 14:1. οὕτως … ἵνα: οὕτως τρέχετε ἵνα καταλάβητε 1 Cor 9:24.—Functions as an adj. (B-D-F) §434, 1; HLjungvik, Eranos 62, ’64, 26–31) ἡ γένεσις οὕτως ἦν (=τοιαύτη ἦν) Mt 1:18.—19:10; Ro 4:18 (Gen 15:5). Cp. Rv 9:17.—Also as subst. something like this: as subj. Mt 9:33; as obj. Mk 2:12. οὕτως ποιεῖν τινι do thus and so to/for someone Lk 1:25; 2:48.③ marker of a relatively high degree, so, before adj. and adv. (Soph., Aristoph. et al.) σεισμὸς οὕτω μέγας an earthquake so great Rv 16:18. οὕτως ἀνόητοί ἐστε; Gal 3:3 (s. ἀνόητος a). οὕτως φοβερόν Hb 12:21.—οὕτως ταχέως (Jos., Vi. 92; cp. οὕτω δρομαίως TestAbr A 7 p. 83, 33 [Stone p. 14]) Gal 1:6; AcPlCor 2:2.—Before a verb so intensely (X., Cyr. 1, 3, 11; TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 11 [Stone p. 64]; Tat. 19, 1) 1J 4:11.④ to the exclusion of other considerations, without further ado, just, simply: οὕτως (Soph., Phil. 1067 ἀλλʼ οὕτως ἄπει; ‘then will you go away without further ado?’; Ael. Aristid. 51, 49 K.=27 p. 546 D.; Aesop, Fab. 308 P.=Babr. 48 Cr./48 L-P.; Jos., Ant. 14, 438) Ἰησοῦς … ἐκαθέζετο οὕτως ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ J 4:6 (cp. Ammonius, Catena in ev. S. Ioa. p. 216, 21 Cramer τὸ δὲ ‘οὕτως’ ἀντὶ τοῦ ‘ὡς ἁπλῶς’ καὶ ‘ὡς ἔτυχε’). Likew. 8:59 v.l. and prob. ἀναπεσὼν ἐκεῖνος οὕτως ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος τοῦ Ἰησοῦ J 13:25 (but here οὕτως can also refer to what precedes accordingly=following Peter’s nod).—DELG s.v. οὗτος. M-M. -
103 οὕτως
οὕτω/οὕτως adv. of οὗτος (Hom.+ gener. ‘so’); the form οὕτως is most used, before consonants as well as before vowels; the form οὕτω (En 98:3 before a vowel; EpArist only before consonants) in the NT only Ac 23:11; Phil 3:17; Hb 12:21; Rv 16:18 w. really outstanding attestation and taken into the text by most edd.; by others, with t.r., also Mt 3:15; 7:17; Mk 2:7; Ac 13:47; Ro 1:15; 6:19 (B-D-F §21; W-S. §5, 28b; Mlt-H. 112f; W-H. appendix 146f. Also in ins [s. Nachmanson 112], pap [Mayser 242f; Crönert 142] and LXX [Thackeray p. 136] οὕτως predominates)① referring to what precedes, in this manner, thus, soⓐ w. a correlative word καθάπερ … οὕτως (s. καθάπερ) (just) as … so Ro 12:4f; 1 Cor 12:12; 2 Cor 8:11. καθὼς … οὕτως (just) as … so Lk 11:30; 17:26; J 3:14; 12:50; 14:31; 15:4; 2 Cor 1:5; 10:7; Col 3:13; 1 Th 2:4. ὡς … οὕτως as … so Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); 23:11 (οὕτω); Ro 5:15, 18; 1 Cor 7:17a; 2 Cor 7:14. ὥσπερ … οὕτως (ParJer 7:26f; GrBar 4:16; ApcEsdr 1:14; Jos., Vi. 1; Just., D. 6, 2; Tat. 5, 2 [οὕτω]) Mt 12:40; 13:40; Lk 17:24; J 5:21, 26; Ro 5:12, 19, 21; 6:4; GJs 13:1 (end). καθʼ ὅσον … οὕτως as … so Hb 9:27f. ὸ̔ν τρόπον … οὕτως 2 Ti 3:8 (TestJob 27:3ff; Just., A I, 7, 3 al.).ⓑ w. ref. to what precedes, abs. Mt 5:19; 6:30; Ro 11:5; 1 Cor 8:12 al. τὸν οὕτως (namely ἐν σαρκί) ἀναστάντα AcPlCor 2:25. ταῦτα οὕτως so much for that 17:2. οὐδὲ οὕτως not even thus Mk 14:59 (Just., D. 12, 2; 46, 6). Pointing the moral after figures of speech, parables, and examples (Aristot., Rhet. 1393b [II, 20]) Mt 5:16; 12:45; 13:49; 18:14; 20:16; Lk 12:21; 15:7, 10; J 3:8.—οὕτως can take on a specif. mng. fr. what precedes: οὕτως ἀποκρίνῃ τῷ ἀρχιερεῖ; is that the way (= so shamelessly) you answer the high priest? J 18:22; so basely 1 Cor 5:3; so intensely (of love) Dg 10:3; unmarried 1 Cor 7:26, 40. ἐὰν ἀφῶμεν αὐτὸν οὕτως if we let him (go on) this way (performing miracle after miracle) J 11:48. Cp. Ro 9:20. οὕτως προοδοιπορούντων those who thus precede AcPlCor 2:37 (restored).—οὕτως καί Mt 17:12; 18:35; 24:33; Mk 13:29; Lk 17:10. οὐχ οὕτως ἐστὶν ἐν ὑμῖν it is not so among you Mt 20:26; Mk 10:43. Elliptically (B-D-F §480, 5) ὑμεῖς οὐχ οὕτως you (are) not (to act) in this way Lk 22:26 (ὑμεῖς δὲ μὴ οὕτως [v.l. οὕτως μὴ ποιεῖτε] TestNapht 3:4). οὐχ οὕτως, Μαρία (you are not to conceive a child) in that way i.e. the normal way of women GJs 11:3. Summarizing a thought expressed in what precedes: Mt 11:26; Ac 7:8; 1 Cor 14:25; 1 Th 4:17; 2 Pt 1:11.—Drawing an inference fr. what precedes so, hence (Horapollo 1, 34 οὕτω ὀνομασθήσεται; En 98:3) Ro 1:15; 6:11. οὕτως ὅτι as it is, since Rv 3:16.—Introducing a question so: Mt 26:40 οὕτως οὐκ ἰσχύσατε μίαν ὥραν γρηγορῆσαι μετʼ ἐμοῦ; so, you were not able to remain awake with me for only one hour?; Mk 7:18 οὕτως καὶ ὑμεῖς ἀσύνετοί ἐστε; are you so dense, too? (i.e. like the crowd); 1 Cor 6:5 οὕτως οὐκ ἔνι ἐν ὑμῖν οὐδεὶς σοφός is it so (=our colloq. ‘do you mean to tell me’), that there’s not one person among you wise enough to settle a dispute between members?—Summarizing the content of a preceding participial constr. (Att.: Lysias 2, 79; also Jos., Bell. 2, 129, Ant. 8, 270; B-D-F §425, 6) Ac 20:11; 27:17.—ὁ μὲν οὕτως, ὁ δὲ οὕτως the one in one way, the other in another 1 Cor 7:7.② pert. to what follows in discourse material, in this way, as follows J 21:1. Of spoken or written words: what is so introduced follows immediately after οὕτως γέγραπται Mt 2:5. Cp. 6:9; Ac 7:6; 13:34, 47; Ro 10:6; Hb 4:4; GJs 21:2 (codd.); w. ὅτι recitative Lk 19:31; Ac 7:6; 13:34 (TestAbr A 8 p. 85, 15 [Stone p. 18]). W. inf. foll. (Gen 29:26) 1 Pt 2:15. Correlatively: οὕτως … καθώς Lk 24:24; Ro 11:26; Phil 3:17. οὕτως … ὸ̔ν τρόπον Ac 1:11; cp. 27:25. οὕτως … ὡς thus … as (Jos., Ant. 12, 304; Just., A I, 12, 10; 66, 1 al.) Mk 4:26 (‘it’s like when … ’); J 7:46; 1 Cor 3:15; 4:1; 9:26ab; Eph 5:33; Js 2:12. οὕτως … ὥστε (Hdt. 7, 174; Epict. 1, 11, 4; 4, 11, 19; SIG 1169, 57f ἔμπυος ἦς οὕτω σφόδρως, ὥστε … ἐνέπλησε πύους=he was suffering to such an extent from a suppurating wound, that … he was filled with matter; Jos., Ant. 8, 206; 9, 255) J 3:16 (s. B-D-F §391, 2; Mlt. 209; Rob. 1000); Ac 14:1. οὕτως … ἵνα: οὕτως τρέχετε ἵνα καταλάβητε 1 Cor 9:24.—Functions as an adj. (B-D-F) §434, 1; HLjungvik, Eranos 62, ’64, 26–31) ἡ γένεσις οὕτως ἦν (=τοιαύτη ἦν) Mt 1:18.—19:10; Ro 4:18 (Gen 15:5). Cp. Rv 9:17.—Also as subst. something like this: as subj. Mt 9:33; as obj. Mk 2:12. οὕτως ποιεῖν τινι do thus and so to/for someone Lk 1:25; 2:48.③ marker of a relatively high degree, so, before adj. and adv. (Soph., Aristoph. et al.) σεισμὸς οὕτω μέγας an earthquake so great Rv 16:18. οὕτως ἀνόητοί ἐστε; Gal 3:3 (s. ἀνόητος a). οὕτως φοβερόν Hb 12:21.—οὕτως ταχέως (Jos., Vi. 92; cp. οὕτω δρομαίως TestAbr A 7 p. 83, 33 [Stone p. 14]) Gal 1:6; AcPlCor 2:2.—Before a verb so intensely (X., Cyr. 1, 3, 11; TestAbr B 4 p. 108, 11 [Stone p. 64]; Tat. 19, 1) 1J 4:11.④ to the exclusion of other considerations, without further ado, just, simply: οὕτως (Soph., Phil. 1067 ἀλλʼ οὕτως ἄπει; ‘then will you go away without further ado?’; Ael. Aristid. 51, 49 K.=27 p. 546 D.; Aesop, Fab. 308 P.=Babr. 48 Cr./48 L-P.; Jos., Ant. 14, 438) Ἰησοῦς … ἐκαθέζετο οὕτως ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ J 4:6 (cp. Ammonius, Catena in ev. S. Ioa. p. 216, 21 Cramer τὸ δὲ ‘οὕτως’ ἀντὶ τοῦ ‘ὡς ἁπλῶς’ καὶ ‘ὡς ἔτυχε’). Likew. 8:59 v.l. and prob. ἀναπεσὼν ἐκεῖνος οὕτως ἐπὶ τὸ στῆθος τοῦ Ἰησοῦ J 13:25 (but here οὕτως can also refer to what precedes accordingly=following Peter’s nod).—DELG s.v. οὗτος. M-M. -
104 דיקינתין
דְּיָקִינְתִּין, דְּיָיקִ׳,m. pl. (ὑάκινθος; די for הי or יי to avoid the use of letters of the Tetragrammaton; Ar. reads ייקינטין) hyacinth, a precious stone. Ex. R. s. 38, end לוי ד׳ (not דייקני׳) Levi was represented on the Highpriests breast-plate by a hyacinth (h. ברקת). Ylamd. to Deut. 10:1, quot. in Ar. המרגליות ויי׳ (Yalk. ib. 854 דייקוסנין, דייקינטין, corr. acc.) the pearls and hyacinths. Gen. R. s. 79, end (after interpreting ק̇ש̇ט̇ in ק̇ש̇י̇ט̇ה̇, Gen. 33:19) what function have Yod Hé here? (read:) אלו חליות ד׳ וזמרגדין שדרכןוכ׳ (v. ‘Rashi a. l. a. Yalk. ib. 13 4) these are the links of hyacinths and smaragds with which jewelry is decorated, i. e. the vowel letters connecting the consonants, but which also have an allegorical meaning (v. the sentence following: מי כותבוכ׳). -
105 דְּיָקִינְתִּין
דְּיָקִינְתִּין, דְּיָיקִ׳,m. pl. (ὑάκινθος; די for הי or יי to avoid the use of letters of the Tetragrammaton; Ar. reads ייקינטין) hyacinth, a precious stone. Ex. R. s. 38, end לוי ד׳ (not דייקני׳) Levi was represented on the Highpriests breast-plate by a hyacinth (h. ברקת). Ylamd. to Deut. 10:1, quot. in Ar. המרגליות ויי׳ (Yalk. ib. 854 דייקוסנין, דייקינטין, corr. acc.) the pearls and hyacinths. Gen. R. s. 79, end (after interpreting ק̇ש̇ט̇ in ק̇ש̇י̇ט̇ה̇, Gen. 33:19) what function have Yod Hé here? (read:) אלו חליות ד׳ וזמרגדין שדרכןוכ׳ (v. ‘Rashi a. l. a. Yalk. ib. 13 4) these are the links of hyacinths and smaragds with which jewelry is decorated, i. e. the vowel letters connecting the consonants, but which also have an allegorical meaning (v. the sentence following: מי כותבוכ׳). -
106 דְּיָיקִ׳
דְּיָקִינְתִּין, דְּיָיקִ׳,m. pl. (ὑάκινθος; די for הי or יי to avoid the use of letters of the Tetragrammaton; Ar. reads ייקינטין) hyacinth, a precious stone. Ex. R. s. 38, end לוי ד׳ (not דייקני׳) Levi was represented on the Highpriests breast-plate by a hyacinth (h. ברקת). Ylamd. to Deut. 10:1, quot. in Ar. המרגליות ויי׳ (Yalk. ib. 854 דייקוסנין, דייקינטין, corr. acc.) the pearls and hyacinths. Gen. R. s. 79, end (after interpreting ק̇ש̇ט̇ in ק̇ש̇י̇ט̇ה̇, Gen. 33:19) what function have Yod Hé here? (read:) אלו חליות ד׳ וזמרגדין שדרכןוכ׳ (v. ‘Rashi a. l. a. Yalk. ib. 13 4) these are the links of hyacinths and smaragds with which jewelry is decorated, i. e. the vowel letters connecting the consonants, but which also have an allegorical meaning (v. the sentence following: מי כותבוכ׳). -
107 EFRI
(older form øfri), a. compar.,bera efra skjöld, to gain the victory;verða e-m efri, to be superior to;hit efra,a) high above ground (fara hit efra í trjám sem apynjur eða íkornar);b) the upper or inland road, opp. to ‘hit ytra’, along the shore (sumir fóru hit efra til Þríhyrningshálsa);by land, opp. to the sea;c) of the inner part of a building, opposed to ‘hit fremra’ or the part nearest the door (konungr settist í hásæti ok alskipat var hit efra ok hit fremra);2) latter;þetta var inn efra hlut sumars, towards the end of summer;á efra aldri, advanced in years.* * *compar.; EFSTR, superl.; older form öfri, Hkv. 2. 36, Ó. H. ch. 248 (in a verse), Greg. 42, N. G. L. i. 10, 384, Íb. 5, Hom. 116; öfstr, Fms. x. 394, 686 C. 2, Ls. 50, 51, Hbl. 18, Edda 115, 116 (Gl.); compar. and superl. without the positive [as Lat. superior, supremus, Gr. ὑπέρτερος], but formed from the root syllable ‘of-,’ cp. ofar, yfir; very old MSS. therefore mostly spell with ö, a vowel change of o; the mod. form, as well as that of most MSS., is with e, efri, efstr, Am. 50, Og. 23:I. the upper, higher; the phrase, bera efra skjöld, to carry the higher shield, i. e. carry the day, Fms. x. 394 (MS. æfra): opp. to neðri = upper, at Mosfelli enu öfra, Íb. 5: the adverb, phrase ‘it efra’ denoting the upper or inland road, opp. to the shore; allt hit efra suðr, Eg. 58; sumir fóru it efra til Þríhyrnings-hálsa, Nj. 207; hit efra um Upplönd, Fms. i. 22: by land, opp. to the sea, Hkr. ii. 8: of the inner part of a building, opp. to fremri or the part nearest the door, Eg. 43: in the air, opp. to the earth, Sks. 115: superl. efstr, the hindermost, e. liðr, the hindermost joint, 623. 32: neut. efst as adv. highest up, uppermost, efst á stólpanum, 655 xxv. 2.β. metaph. superior, better; er öllum öfri er, Greg. 43.II. the latter, last part:1. temp., á efra aldri, in the decline of life, Eg. 4; inn öfri, the latter, opp. to fyrri, N. G. L. i. 342; efri hluti sumars, in the decline of summer, Eg. 712; Ólafs-messa hin öfri (= síðari), the latter (i. e. second) day of St. Olave (viz. Aug. 3), opp. to Ólafs-messa fyrri (July 29), N. G. L. i. 10; efsti dómr, the last judgment, Stj. 58; öfsti dómr, id., 686 l. c.; efsta vika, the last week of Lent = the Passion week, Orkn. 386, Mar. 78; öfsti dagr Paska, the last day in Easter, N. G. L. i. 348; efsta bæn, the last prayer, 623. 50; þeim gef ek erni efstum bráðir, Fas. i. 429 (in a verse); efsta sinni, for the last time, 227; þó vér ritim hana öfri en aðrar, Hom. 116.2. loc., where aptari and aptastr or eptri and eptstr are the common words; fyrstr and efstr are opposed, foremost and last, in a rank, Ls. l. c.; sá fyrstr er efstr gekk inn, Grág. i. 32. -
108 षष्ठ
shashṭhá
with orᅠ scil. kāla m. « the sixth hour of the day, the sixth meal eaten at the end of a fast of three days» ;
shashṭhaṉ kṛi, « to eat such a meal») AV. etc. etc.;
m. (scil. akshara) the sixth letter i.e. the vowel ī RPrāt. ;
N. of a man = - candra Rājat. ;
(ī) f. seeᅠ below;
n. a sixth part Gaut. ;
- षष्ठकाल
- षष्ठचन्द्र
- षष्ठभक्त
- षष्ठवती
-
109 itself
itself [ɪtˈself]a.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When used emphatically, itself is translated lui-même if the noun it refers to is masculine, and elle-même if the noun is feminine.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• the mere will to cooperate is by itself not sufficient la simple volonté de coopérer n'est pas suffisante en soi► in itself en soi• just reaching the semifinals has been an achievement in itself arriver en demi-finale a déjà été un exploit en soic. (reflexive) se* * *[ɪt'self]Note: When used as a reflexive pronoun, direct and indirect, itself is translated by se (s' before a vowel or mute h): the cat hurt itself = le chat s'est fait mal; a problem presented itself = un problème s'est présentéWhen used for emphasis itself is translated by lui-même when standing for a masculine noun and elle-même when standing for a feminine noun: the car itself was not damaged = la voiture elle-même n'était pas endommagéeFor uses with prepositions ( by itself etc) see 3 below1) ( refl) se, s'2) ( emphatic) lui-même/elle-mêmein the university itself — dans l'université même or dans l'université elle-même
he was kindness itself — c'était la bonté même or personnifiée
3) ( after prepositions) -
110 apex
ăpex, ĭcis, m. [etym. acc. to Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 270, and Paul. ex Fest. p. 18 Müll., from apo, to join to, whence aptus; cf. Van. Etym. p. 33], the extreme end of a thing, the point, summit, top (syn.: cacumen, summa, fastigium, culmen, vertex); hence,I.Lit., the small rod at the top of the flamen's cap, wound round with wool, Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 683; 10, 270.—Hence,II.Transf.A.(As pars pro toto.) The conical cap of the flamen, ornamented with this rod:B.QVEI. APICEM. INSIGNE. DIALIS. FLAMINIS. GESISTEI, Epitaph. Scip. Grotef. 2, 299: apicem dialem,
Liv. 6, 41:apex e capite prolapsus,
Val. Max. 1, 1, n. 4.—Hence, of the priesthood itself: homo honestus non apice insignis, Sen. ap. Lact. 17, 6.—Any hat or helmet, a crown:C.ab aquilā Tarquinio apicem impositum putent,
Cic. Leg. 1, 1:regum apices,
Hor. C. 3, 21, 20:ardet apex capiti,
Verg. A. 10, 270; 2, 683.—Of birds, the crest, Plin. 11, 37, 44, § 121.—A projecting point or summit.1.Lit., of trees:2.lauri,
Verg. A. 7, 66.—Of a headland:sublimis,
Juv. 12, 72:montis apex,
Sil. 12, 709; so Vulg. Judith, 7, 3.—Of the point of a sickle, Col. 4, 25, 1.—Of the summit of a flame, Ov. M. 10, 279 et saep.—Trop., the highest ornament or honor, the crown of a thing:D.apex est senectutis auctoritas,
Cic. Sen. 17, 60:hinc apicem Fortuna sustulit, hic posuisse gaudet,
Hor. C. 1, 34, 14.—1.. In gram., the long mark over a vowel, Quint. 1, 7, 2; 1, 4, 10; 1, 5, 23;2.Victor. p. 2469 P.—Hence, trop.: nullum apicem quaestionis praetermittere,
Arn. 3 init. —The forms or outlines of the letters:E.litterarum apices,
Gell. 13, 30, 10; 17, 9, 12.—Hence (per synecdochen),A letter or any other writing:F.apicum oblator,
Sid. Ep. 6, 8:Augusti apices,
i. e. rescripts, Cod. Just. 2, 8, 6 fin. —Of the point or apex of a Hebrew letter, put fig. for the least particle, tittle (eccl. Lat.; Gr. hê keraia):iota unum aut unus apex non praeteribit a lege,
Vulg. Matt. 5, 18; ib. Luc. 16, 17. -
111 cár(cas-)
"k" noun "head" KAS.The given stem-form appears doubtful within the phonological framework of LotR-style Quenya. Probably we should read cas with stem car- PE14:69 indeed reads kas head, pl. kari, and VT49:17 quotes the sg. kas from a post-LotR source. Compare other forms found in late sources: hlas ear with stem hlar- PE17:62 and olos dream, pl. olori UT:396. In Tolkiens early Qenya, post-vocalic -s became -r at the end of words but was preserved when another vowel followed. His later scheme either lets -r appear in both positions, or reverses the scenario altogether hence olos, olor-. It would seem that the forms cár, cas- were distractedly carried over into the Etymologies from the Qenya Lexicon kar, kas-, QL:45 even though they presuppose an earlier version of the phonology. An apparent variant form in late material, cára from earlier cáza k, however fits the later phonology since intervocalic s would become z r PE17:188. -
112 MAKE
\#car- (1st pers. aorist carin "I make, build". The same verb is translated "form" in WJ:391: i carir quettar, "those who form words". According to Etym the past tense is carnë, though FS and SD:246 have cárë. Past participle \#carna *"made" is attested in Vincarna *"newly-made" in MR:305; the longer participial form carina occurs in VT43:15, read probably *cárina with a long vowel to go with such late participial forms like rácina "broken"). MAKING carmë (glossed "art" in UT:396 and is also translated "production", but cf. the following:) NAME-MAKING Essecarmë (an Eldarin seremony in which the father of a child announces its name.) MAKE FAST avalerya- (bind, restrain, deprive of liberty). TO (MAKE) FIT camta- (sic; the cluster mt seems unusual for Quenya, and while the source does not explicitly say that this word is Quenya, it is difficult to understand what other language could be intended) (suit, accomodate, adapt). MAKE FOR IT mína- (desire to go in some direction, to wish to go to a place, have some end in view). –KAR, WJ:391, MR:214, VT41:5, 6, VT44:14, VT39:11 -
113 front
1) (the part of anything (intended to be) nearest the person who sees it; usually the most important part of anything: the front of the house; the front of the picture; (also adjective) the front page.) parte delantera, primera2) (the foremost part of anything in the direction in which it moves: the front of the ship; (also adjective) the front seat of the bus.) parte delantera3) (the part of a city or town that faces the sea: We walked along the (sea) front.) paseo marítimo4) ((in war) the line of soliers nearest the enemy: They are sending more soldiers to the front.) frente5) (a boundary separating two masses of air of different temperatures: A cold front is approaching from the Atlantic.) frente6) (an outward appearance: He put on a brave front.) apariencia7) (a name sometimes given to a political movement: the Popular Front for Liberation.) frente•- frontage- frontal
- at the front of
- in front of
- in front
front1 adj1. de delante / delantero2. primerofront2 n1. parte delanterathe front of the car was crushed in the accident la parte delantera del coche quedó aplastada en el accidente2. frente3. principio4. fachada principaltr[frʌnt]2 (of shirt etc) pechera3 SMALLMETEOROLOGY/SMALL frente nombre masculino4 (facade) fachada5 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL frente nombre masculino6 (promenade) paseo marítimo7 figurative use (illegal business etc) tapadera9 (specific field of activity) asunto, terreno■ what's happening on the domestic front? ¿qué pasa en el terreno nacional?1 delantero,-a, de delante1 (face) dar (on/onto, a)1 (lead, head) encabezar2 (present) presentar■ Tom Jenkins is going to front "News Today' Tom Jenkins presentará "News Today"\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLat the front delante, por delantein front (of) delante (de)out front (in theatre) entre el públicoto put on a bold front hacer de tripas corazónup front (in advance) por adelantadofront door puerta principalfront garden jardín nombre masculino pequeño en la parte de delantefront man hombre nombre masculino al frentefront page primera plana, portadafront room salón nombre masculinofront tooth incisivofront wheel rueda delantera, rueda de delantethe front bench SMALLBRITISH ENGLISH/SMALL las dos primeras filas de escaños ocupadas por miembros del gobierno y de la oposiciónfront ['frʌnt] vi1) face: dar, estar orientadothe house fronts north: la casa da al norte2) : servir de pantallahe fronts for his boss: sirve de pantalla para su jefefront adj: delantero, de adelante, primerothe front row: la primera filafront n1) : frente m, parte f de adelante, delantera fthe front of the class: el frente de la claseat the front of the train: en la parte delantera del tren2) area, zone: frente m, zona fthe Eastern front: el frente orientalon the educational front: en el frente de la enseñanza3) facade: fachada f (de un edificio o una persona)4) : frente m (en meteorología)adj.• anterior adj.• delantero, -a adj.• primero, -a adj.adv.• frente adv.n.• cabeza s.f.• cara s.f.• delantera s.f.• fachada s.f.• frente s.f.• parte delantera s.f.• pechera s.f.• portada s.f.• principio s.m.• testa s.f.v.• afrontar v.
I frʌnt1)a) ( of building) frente m, fachada f; ( of dress) delantera fthe skirt fastens at the front — la falda se abrocha por delante or (esp AmL) por adelante
b) ( forward part) frente m, parte f delantera or de delante or (esp AmL) de adelante2) (in phrases)Midnight Orchid is out in front — Midnight Orchid va en cabeza or lleva la delantera
in front of somebody/something — delante or (esp AmL) adelante de alguien/algo; ( facing) enfrente de alguien/algo
3) (Meteo, Mil, Pol) frente m4)a) ( outward show) fachada fb) ( for illegal activity) pantalla fc) (of organization, party) (AmE) cabeza f visible5) ( overlooking sea) paseo m marítimo, malecón m (AmL), rambla f (RPl)
II
the front yard o (BrE) garden — el jardín del frente
a seat in the front row a front-row seat — un asiento en primera fila; see also front bench, front page
III
transitive verb (present, head) \<\<campaign\>\> dirigir*; \<\<group\>\> liderar; \<\<show\>\> presentar[frʌnt]1. N1) (=exterior) [of house, building] fachada f ; [of shirt, dress] pechera f ; [of book] (=cover) portada f•
it fastens at the front — se abrocha por delante•
back to front — al revés•
her dress had ripped down the front — el vestido se le había roto por delante2) (=forepart) [of stage, desk, building] parte f de delante, parte f delantera; [of train, bus] parte f delantera; [of queue] principio m•
there's a dedication at the front of the book — hay una dedicatoria al principio del libroat the front of the line or queue — al principio de la cola
•
I want to sit in the front — quiero sentarme delante•
he laid the baby on its front — puso al bebé boca abajo3)• in front — delante
•
to be in front — (gen) ir primero, ir delante; (in race) ir a la cabeza, llevar la delantera; (in scoring) llevar (la) ventaja•
in front of — delante deshe sat down in front of her mirror — se sentó delante del espejo, se sentó frente al espejo
4) (Met) frente m5) (Mil, Pol) frente m•
we must present a united front — debemos parecer un frente unido6) (Brit) (=promenade) paseo m marítimo; (=beach) playa f7) (=area of activity) materia fis there any news on the wages front? — ¿se sabe algo nuevo en materia de salarios?
we have made progress on a variety of fronts — hemos avanzado en varios campos or varias esferas
•
on all fronts — en todos los frentes•
the government's failings on the home or domestic front — las deficiencias del gobierno a nivel nacional8) (=show)it's all just a front with him — lo suyo no es más que una fachada or no son más que apariencias
•
he kept up a brave front to the world — delante de todos ponía buena cara9) * (=cover-up) fachada f, tapadera f•
to be a front for sth — servir de fachada or tapadera para algo2. ADJ1) (=foremost) [wheel, leg] delantero, de delante, de adelante (LAm)I was in the front seat — yo estaba en el asiento delantero or de delante or (LAm) de adelante
if we run, we can get a front seat — si corremos, podemos pillar un asiento en la parte delantera or la parte de delante or (LAm) la parte de adelante
2) (Phon) [vowel] frontal3. VI1)• to front onto sth — [house, window] dar a algo
2)• to front for sth — servir de fachada or tapadera para algo
4. VT1) (=head) [+ organization] estar al frente de, liderar2) [+ TV show] presentar3) [+ band, group] estar al frente de, ser el cantante de4) frm (=face) dar a5.CPDfront benches NPL (Brit) —
the front benches — (=seats) la primera fila de escaños de cada lado del parlamento ocupada por miembros del gobierno y de la oposición ; (=people) miembros del gobierno o de la oposición
front crawl N — (Swimming) crol m
front desk N — (US) recepción f (de un hotel)
front door N — puerta f principal
front end N — [of vehicle] parte f delantera
front line N — (Mil) primera línea f
front man N — (for activity) testaferro m ; [of band, group] líder m ; (TV) presentador m
front organization N — organización f fachada
front page N — (Press) primera plana f
front room N — (Brit) (=living room) salón m
front row N — primera fila f
front runner N — (in race) corredor(a) m / f que va en cabeza; (in election) favorito(-a) m / f
front tooth N — incisivo m, paleta * f
front view N —
FRONT BENCH El término genérico front bench se usa para referirse a los escaños situados en primera fila a ambos lados del Presidente ( Speaker) de la Cámara de los Comunes del Parlamento británico. Dichos escaños son ocupados por los parlamentarios que son miembros del gobierno a un lado y por los del gobierno en la sombra ( shadow cabinet) al otro y, por esta razón, se les conoce como frontbenchers.the front view of the hotel is very impressive — el frente del hotel or la parte de delante del hotel es impresionante
See:see cultural note BACKBENCHER in backbencher* * *
I [frʌnt]1)a) ( of building) frente m, fachada f; ( of dress) delantera fthe skirt fastens at the front — la falda se abrocha por delante or (esp AmL) por adelante
b) ( forward part) frente m, parte f delantera or de delante or (esp AmL) de adelante2) (in phrases)Midnight Orchid is out in front — Midnight Orchid va en cabeza or lleva la delantera
in front of somebody/something — delante or (esp AmL) adelante de alguien/algo; ( facing) enfrente de alguien/algo
3) (Meteo, Mil, Pol) frente m4)a) ( outward show) fachada fb) ( for illegal activity) pantalla fc) (of organization, party) (AmE) cabeza f visible5) ( overlooking sea) paseo m marítimo, malecón m (AmL), rambla f (RPl)
II
the front yard o (BrE) garden — el jardín del frente
a seat in the front row a front-row seat — un asiento en primera fila; see also front bench, front page
III
transitive verb (present, head) \<\<campaign\>\> dirigir*; \<\<group\>\> liderar; \<\<show\>\> presentar -
114 long
I
1. loŋ adjective1) (measuring a great distance from one end to the other: a long journey; a long road; long legs.) largo2) (having a great period of time from the first moment to the last: The book took a long time to read; a long conversation; a long delay.) largo3) (measuring a certain amount in distance or time: The wire is two centimetres long; The television programme was just over an hour long.) de largo, de duración4) (away, doing or using something etc for a great period of time: Will you be long?) tarde5) (reaching to a great distance in space or time: She has a long memory) bueno
2. adverb1) (a great period of time: This happened long before you were born.) mucho tiempo2) (for a great period of time: Have you been waiting long?) mucho tiempo•- longways- long-distance
- long-drawn-out
- longhand
- long house
- long jump
- long-playing record
- long-range
- long-sighted
- long-sightedness
- long-suffering
- long-winded
- as long as / so long as
- before very long
- before long
- in the long run
- the long and the short of it
- no longer
- so long!
II loŋ verb((often with for) to wish very much: He longed to go home; I am longing for a drink.) anhelar, ansiar- longing- longingly
long1 adj largolong2 adv1. mucho tiempohave you been waiting long? ¿hace mucho que esperas?2. yaas long as / so long as con tal de queI'll tell you the secret as long as you tell nobody else te diré el secreto con tal de que no se lo digas a nadie máshow long? ¿cuánto tiempo?how long does it take you to do your homework? ¿cuánto tardas en hacer los deberes?how long have you lived here? ¿cuánto hace que vives aquí?long3 vb ansiar / deseartr['lɒŋgɪtjʊːd]————————tr[lɒŋ]1 largo,-a■ how long was the film? ¿cuánto duró la película?1 mucho tiempo■ how long have you been waiting? ¿cuánto hace que esperas?1 lo largo\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL(for) a long time, for long mucho tiempoin the long run a la largalong ago hace mucho tiempono longer / not any longer ya nonot by a long chalk / not by a long shot familiar ni por mucho, ni de lejosso long as→ link=as as{ long asthe long and the short of it is... en resumidas cuentas...to be a bit long in the tooth familiar tener añosto pull a long face poner cara largalong jump salto de longitudlong johns calzones nombre masculino plural largoslong ton tonelada (equivale a 2240 libras o 1016,047 kilogramos)long wave onda larga————————tr[lɒŋ]1 tener muchos deseos de hacer algolong ['lɔŋ] vi1)to long for : añorar, desear, anhelar2)to long to : anhelar, estar deseandothey longed to see her: estaban deseando verla, tenían muchas ganas de verlalong adv1) : mucho, mucho tiempoit didn't take long: no llevó mucho tiempowill it last long?: ¿va a durar mucho?2)all day long : todo el día3)4)long before : mucho antes5)so long! : ¡hasta luego!, ¡adiós!the dress is too long: el vestido es demasiado largoa long way from: bastante lejos dein the long run: a la largaa long illness: una enfermedad prolongadaa long walk: un paseo largoat long last: por fin3)to be long on : estar cargado delong n1)before long : dentro de poco2)the long and the short : lo esencial, lo fundamentaladj.• extenso, -a adj.• largo, -a adj.• luengo, -a adj.• prolongado, -a adj.adv.• largamente adv.• mucho tiempo adv.n.• mangote s.m.v.• anhelar v.• suspirar v.
I lɔːŋ, lɒŋ1)a) ( in space) <distance/hair/legs> largohow long do you want the skirt? — ¿cómo quieres la falda de larga?
the long and the short of it: the long and the short of it is that we have no money — en resumidas cuentas or en una palabra: no tenemos dinero
b) ( extensive) <book/letter/list> largo2) ( in time) <struggle/investigation> largo; <period/illness> prolongado, largohow long was your flight? — ¿cuánto duró el vuelo?
two months isn't long enough — dos meses no son suficientes or no es tiempo suficiente
she's been gone a long time/while — hace tiempo/rato que se fue
II
adverb -er, -est1) ( in time)are you going to stay long — ¿te vas a quedar mucho tiempo?
how much longer must we wait? — ¿hasta cuándo vamos a tener que esperar?
how long did it take you to get there? — ¿cuánto tardaste en llegar?, ¿cuánto tiempo te llevó el viaje?
how long have you been living here? — ¿cuánto hace que vives aquí?
I didn't have long enough to answer all the questions — no me alcanzó el tiempo para contestar todas las preguntas
sit down, I won't be long — siéntate, enseguida vuelvo (or termino etc)
not long ago o since — no hace mucho
2)a) (in phrases)before long: you'll be an aunt before long dentro de poco serás tía; before long they had bought more offices poco después ya habían comprado más oficinas; for long: she wasn't gone for long no estuvo fuera mucho tiempo; no longer, not any longer: I can't stand it any longer ya no aguanto más; they no longer live here — ya no viven aquí
b)as long as, so long as — (as conj) ( for the period) mientras; ( providing that) con tal de que (+ subj), siempre que (+ subj)
I'll remember it as o so long as I live — lo recordaré mientras viva
you can go so o as long as you're back by 12 — puedes ir con tal de que or siempre que vuelvas antes de las 12
III
to long to + INF — estar* deseando + inf, anhelar + inf (liter)
Phrasal Verbs:- long for
IV
(= longitude) Long
I [lɒŋ] (compar longer) (superl longest)1. ADJ1) (in size) [dress, hair, journey] largo•
it's a long distance from the school — está (muy) lejos del colegio•
how long is it? — (table, hallway, piece of material, stick) ¿cuánto mide de largo?; (more precisely) ¿qué longitud tiene?; (river) ¿qué longitud tiene?how long is her hair? — ¿cómo tiene el pelo de largo?
suit 1., 3)•
the speech was long on rhetoric and short on details — el discurso tenía mucha retórica y pocos detallesthe course is six months long — el curso es de seis meses, el curso dura seis meses
•
it has been a long day — (fig) ha sido un día muy atareado•
there will be long delays — habrá grandes retrasos, habrá retrasos considerables•
he took a long drink of water — se bebió un vaso grande de agua•
the days are getting longer — los días se están alargando•
how long is the film? — ¿cuánto (tiempo) dura la película?how long are the holidays? — ¿cuánto duran las vacaciones?
•
to be long in doing sth — tardar en hacer algo•
to take a long look at sth — mirar algo detenidamente•
he has a long memory — (fig) es de los que no perdonan fácilmente•
in the long run — (fig) a la larga•
a long time ago — hace mucho tiempolong time no see! * — ¡cuánto tiempo sin verte!
term 1., 1), long-term, view 1., 5)•
it's a good place to go for a long weekend — es un buen sitio para ir durante un fin de semana largo4) (Ling) [vowel] largo2. ADV1) (=a long time)don't be long! — ¡vuelve pronto!
I shan't be long — (in finishing) termino pronto, no tardo; (in returning) vuelvo pronto, no tardo
will you be long? — ¿vas a tardar mucho?
have you been waiting long? — ¿hace mucho que espera?
I have long believed that... — creo desde hace tiempo que..., hace tiempo que creo que...
this method has long been used in industry — este método se viene usando desde hace mucho tiempo en la industria
•
long after he died — mucho tiempo después de morirhow long ago was it? — ¿cuánto tiempo hace de eso?
•
I only had long enough to buy a paper — solo tuve tiempo para comprar un periódico•
we won't stay for long — nos quedamos un rato nada másare you going away for long? — ¿te vas para mucho tiempo?
he hesitated, but not for long — dudó, pero solo por un instante
"are you still in London?" - "yes, but not for much longer" — -¿todavía estás en Londres? -si, pero por poco tiempo ya
•
how long will you be? — (in finishing) ¿cuánto (tiempo) tardarás?; (in returning) ¿cuánto tiempo te quedarás?how long have you been here? — ¿cuánto tiempo llevas aquí?
how long will it take? — ¿cuánto tiempo llevará?
how long did he stay? — ¿cuánto tiempo se quedó?
how long have you been learning Spanish? — ¿desde cuándo llevas aprendiendo español?
how long is it since you saw her? — ¿cuánto tiempo hace que no la ves?
•
it didn't last long — fue cosa de unos pocos minutos or días etc•
to live long — tener una vida largalong live the King! — ¡viva el rey!
•
so long! — (esp US) * ¡hasta luego!•
it won't take long — no tardará muchoit didn't take him long to realize that... — no tardó en darse cuenta de que...
•
he talked long about politics — habló largamente de política2)how much longer can you stay? — ¿hasta cuándo podéis quedaros?
how much longer do we have to wait? — ¿hasta cuándo tenemos que esperar?
•
I can't stay any longer — no me puedo quedar por más tiempo•
no longer — ya no3)longest: six months at the longest — seis meses, como máximo or como mucho
4)as long as, so long as — (=while) mientras
as long as (is) necessary — el tiempo que haga falta, lo que haga falta
5)as long as, so long as — (=provided that) siempre que + subjun
you can borrow it as long as John doesn't mind — lo puedes tomar prestado siempre que a John no le importe or si a John no le importa
6) (=through)•
all day long — todo el (santo) día•
all night long — toda la noche•
all summer long — todo el verano3. N1)the long and the short of it is that... — (fig) en resumidas cuentas, es que..., concretamente, es que...
2) longs (Econ) valores mpl a largo plazo4.CPDlong division N — (Math) división f larga
long drink N — refresco m, bebida f no alcohólica
long johns NPL — calzoncillos mpl largos
long jumper N — saltador(a) m / f de longitud
long sight N — presbicia f, hipermetropía f
the long term N —
in or over the long term — a largo plazo
long trousers NPL — (as opposed to shorts) pantalones mpl largos
the long vacation N, the long vac * N — (Brit) (Univ) las vacaciones de verano
long wave N — (Rad) onda f larga; (used as adj) de onda larga
II
[lɒŋ]VIto long for sth — anhelar algo, desear algo
to long for sb — suspirar por algn, añorar a algn
to long to do sth — tener muchas ganas de hacer algo, estar deseando hacer algo
* * *
I [lɔːŋ, lɒŋ]1)a) ( in space) <distance/hair/legs> largohow long do you want the skirt? — ¿cómo quieres la falda de larga?
the long and the short of it: the long and the short of it is that we have no money — en resumidas cuentas or en una palabra: no tenemos dinero
b) ( extensive) <book/letter/list> largo2) ( in time) <struggle/investigation> largo; <period/illness> prolongado, largohow long was your flight? — ¿cuánto duró el vuelo?
two months isn't long enough — dos meses no son suficientes or no es tiempo suficiente
she's been gone a long time/while — hace tiempo/rato que se fue
II
adverb -er, -est1) ( in time)are you going to stay long — ¿te vas a quedar mucho tiempo?
how much longer must we wait? — ¿hasta cuándo vamos a tener que esperar?
how long did it take you to get there? — ¿cuánto tardaste en llegar?, ¿cuánto tiempo te llevó el viaje?
how long have you been living here? — ¿cuánto hace que vives aquí?
I didn't have long enough to answer all the questions — no me alcanzó el tiempo para contestar todas las preguntas
sit down, I won't be long — siéntate, enseguida vuelvo (or termino etc)
not long ago o since — no hace mucho
2)a) (in phrases)before long: you'll be an aunt before long dentro de poco serás tía; before long they had bought more offices poco después ya habían comprado más oficinas; for long: she wasn't gone for long no estuvo fuera mucho tiempo; no longer, not any longer: I can't stand it any longer ya no aguanto más; they no longer live here — ya no viven aquí
b)as long as, so long as — (as conj) ( for the period) mientras; ( providing that) con tal de que (+ subj), siempre que (+ subj)
I'll remember it as o so long as I live — lo recordaré mientras viva
you can go so o as long as you're back by 12 — puedes ir con tal de que or siempre que vuelvas antes de las 12
III
to long to + INF — estar* deseando + inf, anhelar + inf (liter)
Phrasal Verbs:- long for
IV
(= longitude) Long -
115 A
I= academic.ru/5/a">aII abbreviation = ampereA* * *[ei](one of the notes in the musical scale.)- A flat- A sharp* * *A1[eɪ]n1. (hypothetical person, thing) A[to get] from \A to B von A nach B [kommen]2. (blood type) A3. LAWcategory \A prisoners Häftlinge pl der höchsten Gefährlichkeitsstufe4.▶ from \A to Z von A bis ZA2n abbrev of ampere AA3n abbrev of answer Antw.A4A<pl -s or -'s>a[eɪ]na capital A/small a ein großes A/ein kleines a\A flat As nt, as nt\A sharp Ais nt, ais nt\A major A-Dur nt\A minor a-Moll nt\A natural A nt, a ntkey of \A A-Schlüssel mto be in [the key of] \A major/minor in A-Dur/a-Moll geschrieben sein\A minus/plus Eins minus/plusto get straight \As nur Einser schreibento be an \A student AM, AUS ein Einserschüler/eine Einserschülerin seinto get [an] \A eine Eins [o ÖSTERR einen Einser] schreibento give sb an \A jdm eine Eins [o ÖSTERR einen Einser] geben4. FINSchedule \A [zu versteuernde] Einkünfte aus Vermietung und Verpachtung von Grundstücken und GebäudenTable \A Mustersatzung des „Companies Act“* * *I [eɪ]nAnt, ant; (SCH as a mark) Einsf, sehr gut; (MUS) Ant, antfrom A to Z — von A bis Z
See:→ majorII [eI, ə]indef art before vowel an1) ein(e)so large a school — so eine große or eine so große Schule
2)(in negative constructions)
not a — kein(e)not a single man — kein einziger or nicht ein einziger Mann
he didn't want a present — er wollte kein Geschenk
3)(with profession, nationality etc)
he's a doctor/Frenchman — er ist Arzt/Franzosehe's a famous doctor/Frenchman — er ist ein berühmter Arzt/Franzose
as a young girl — als junges Mädchen
a Washington would have... — ein Washington hätte...
4)(= the same)
to be of an age/a size — gleich alt/groß seinSee:→ kind5) (= per) pro50p a kilo — 50 Pence das or pro Kilo
twice a month — zweimal im or pro Monat
50 km an hour — 50 Stundenkilometer, 50 Kilometer pro Stunde
6)in a good/bad mood — gut/schlecht gelaunt
to come/to have come to an end — zu Ende gehen/sein
in a loud voice — mit lauter Stimme, laut
IIIto have a headache/temperature — Kopfschmerzen/erhöhte Temperatur haben
1) abbr of answer Antw.A certificate — Filmkennzeichnung, die Eltern vor dem nicht ganz jugendfreien Inhalt eines Films warnt
* * *A1, a [eı] pl A’s, As, a’s, as [eız] s1. A, a n (Buchstabe):from A to B von A nach B;from A to Z von A bis Z2. MUS A, a n (Tonbezeichnung):A flat As, as n;A sharp Ais, ais n3. a MATH a (1. bekannte Größe)4. A SCHULE, UNIV Eins f:get an A in German in Deutsch „sehr gut“ oder eine Eins bekommen5. Papierformate:A4 DIN A4;A4 notepaper DIN-A4-Schreibpapier n;A sizes DIN-FormateA2 abk1. America (American)* * *I= aII abbreviation = ampereA* * *art.ein art. -
116 a
I= aII abbreviation = academic.ru/2239/ampere">ampereA* * *[ei](one of the notes in the musical scale.)- A flat- A sharp* * *A1[eɪ]n1. (hypothetical person, thing) A[to get] from \A to B von A nach B [kommen]2. (blood type) A3. LAWcategory \A prisoners Häftlinge pl der höchsten Gefährlichkeitsstufe4.▶ from \A to Z von A bis ZA2n abbrev of ampere AA3n abbrev of answer Antw.A4A<pl -s or -'s>a[eɪ]na capital A/small a ein großes A/ein kleines a\A flat As nt, as nt\A sharp Ais nt, ais nt\A major A-Dur nt\A minor a-Moll nt\A natural A nt, a ntkey of \A A-Schlüssel mto be in [the key of] \A major/minor in A-Dur/a-Moll geschrieben sein\A minus/plus Eins minus/plusto get straight \As nur Einser schreibento be an \A student AM, AUS ein Einserschüler/eine Einserschülerin seinto get [an] \A eine Eins [o ÖSTERR einen Einser] schreibento give sb an \A jdm eine Eins [o ÖSTERR einen Einser] geben4. FINSchedule \A [zu versteuernde] Einkünfte aus Vermietung und Verpachtung von Grundstücken und GebäudenTable \A Mustersatzung des „Companies Act“* * *I [eɪ]nAnt, ant; (SCH as a mark) Einsf, sehr gut; (MUS) Ant, antfrom A to Z — von A bis Z
See:→ majorII [eI, ə]indef art before vowel an1) ein(e)so large a school — so eine große or eine so große Schule
2)(in negative constructions)
not a — kein(e)not a single man — kein einziger or nicht ein einziger Mann
he didn't want a present — er wollte kein Geschenk
3)(with profession, nationality etc)
he's a doctor/Frenchman — er ist Arzt/Franzosehe's a famous doctor/Frenchman — er ist ein berühmter Arzt/Franzose
as a young girl — als junges Mädchen
a Washington would have... — ein Washington hätte...
4)(= the same)
to be of an age/a size — gleich alt/groß seinSee:→ kind5) (= per) pro50p a kilo — 50 Pence das or pro Kilo
twice a month — zweimal im or pro Monat
50 km an hour — 50 Stundenkilometer, 50 Kilometer pro Stunde
6)in a good/bad mood — gut/schlecht gelaunt
to come/to have come to an end — zu Ende gehen/sein
in a loud voice — mit lauter Stimme, laut
IIIto have a headache/temperature — Kopfschmerzen/erhöhte Temperatur haben
1) abbr of answer Antw.A certificate — Filmkennzeichnung, die Eltern vor dem nicht ganz jugendfreien Inhalt eines Films warnt
* * *1. ein, eine, ein:a man ein Mann;a town eine Stadt;an hour eine Stunde;a Stuart ein(e) Stuart;a Mr Arnold ein (gewisser) Herr Arnold;she is a teacher sie ist Lehrerin;he died a rich man er starb reich oder als reicher Mann2. einzig:at a blow auf einen Schlag3. ein (zweiter), eine (zweite), ein (zweites):6. per, pro, je:£10 a year zehn Pfund im Jahr;five times a week fünfmal die oder in der WocheA, a2 [eı] pl A’s, As, a’s, as [eız] s1. A, a n (Buchstabe):from A to B von A nach B;from A to Z von A bis Z2. MUS A, a n (Tonbezeichnung):A flat As, as n;A sharp Ais, ais n3. a MATH a (1. bekannte Größe)4. A SCHULE, UNIV Eins f:get an A in German in Deutsch „sehr gut“ oder eine Eins bekommen5. Papierformate:A4 DIN A4;A4 notepaper DIN-A4-Schreibpapier n;A sizes DIN-Formate* * *I= aII abbreviation = ampereA* * *art.ein art. -
117 वृद्ध _vṛddha
वृद्ध a. [वृध्-क्त] (compar. ज्यायस् or वर्षीयस्, superl. ज्येष्ठ or वर्षिष्ठ)1 Increased, augmented.-2 Full grown, grown up; अतीव वृद्धा बहुला नामृष्यत पुनः प्रजाः Mb.12.256.13.-3 Old, aged, advanced in years; वृद्धास्ते न विचारणीयचरिताः U.5.35.-4 Advanced or grown up (at the end of comp.); cf. वयोवृद्ध, धर्मवृद्ध, ज्ञानवृद्ध, आगमवृद्ध &c.-5 Great, large.-6 Accumulated, heaped.-7 Wise, learned; वृद्धेभ्य एवेह मतिं स्म बाला गृह्णन्ति कालेन भवन्ति वृद्धाः Mb.3.133.1.-8 Eminent in, distinguished by.-द्धः 1 An old man; हैयंगवीनमादाय घोषवृद्धानुपस्थितान् R.1.45;9.78; प्राप्या- वन्तीनुदयनकथाकोविदग्रामवृद्धान् Me.3.-2 A worthy or venerable man.-3 A sage, saint.-4 A male descen- dant.-द्धम् 1 Benzoin.-2 (In gram.) A word having a Vṛiddhi vowel in the first syllable, as आ, ऐ and औ.-Comp. -अङ्गुलिः f.1 the thumb.-2 the great toe.-अवस्था old age.-आचारः an ancient or long-standing custom.-उक्षः an old bull.-उपसेविन् a. honouring the aged.-काकः a raven.-गर्भा a. far advanced in pregnancy.-नाभि a. corpulent, pot-bellied.-प्रमातामहः a maternal great-grand-father.-भावः old age. यश्चाफलस्तस्य न वृद्धभावः Mb.3.133.9.-मतम् the precept of ancient sages.-युवतिः 1 a procuress.-2 a midwife; Buddh.-राजः a kind of sorrel.-वयस् a. older in age; वृद्धवयाः प्रत्युत्थेयः ŚB. on MS.6.2.21.-वाहनः the mango tree.-श्रवस् m. an epithet of Indra; वृद्धश्रवाः समभिनन्दति साधु साध्वीम् Mv.7.3.-संघः a council of elders.-संयोगः association with the aged; Kau. A. 1.7.-सूत्रकम् a flock of cotton. -
118 EYRENDI
* * *or örendi, erendi, n. [A. S. ærend = mandatum; Engl. errand; Hel. arundi; O. H. G. arunti; Swed. ärende; Dan. œrende; akin to árr, a messenger, vide p. 45, and not, as some suggest, from ör-andi; the reference Edda l. c. is quite isolated; there is, however, some slight irregularity in the vowel]1. an errand, message, business, mission; eiga e. við e-n, to have business with one, Eg. 260; reka eyrendi, to do an errand, message (hence erind-reki), 15; þess eyrendis, to that errand or purpose, Stj. 115, 193; hann sendi menn sína með þessháttar erendum, Fms. i. 15; báru þeir fram sín erindi, 2, Íb. 11; hón svaraði þeirra erindum, Fms. i. 3; ok láti yðr fram koma sínu eyrendi, 127; koma brátt þessi örendi ( news) fyrir jarlinn, xi. 83; hann sagdi eyrendi sín þeim af hljóði, Nj. 5; mun annat vera erindit, 69; gagna at leita eðr annarra eyrenda, 235; tók Þorgils þeim eyrendum vel, Sturl. iii. 170; síns örendis, for one’s own purpose, Grág. i. 434; ek á leynt e. ( a secret errand) við þik, Fs. 9; erviði ok ekkí örendi, Þkv. (vide erfiði); hafa þeir hingat sótt skapnaðar-erindi, a suitable errand or end, Þiðr. 202; ef eyrindit evðisk, if my errand turns to naught, Bs. ii. 132; ek em ósæmiligr slíks erendis, unwortby of such an errand, Sturl. i. 45; þannog var þá mikit eyrendi margra manna, many people flocked to that place, Bs. i. 164.β. the phrase, ganga örna sinna, to go to do one’s business, cacare, Eb. 20, Landn. 98, Stj. 383 (where eyrna), Judges iii. 24, Bs. i. 189, Fs. 75 (spelt erinda); setjask niðr at eyrindi, id., Bs. ii. 24; stíga af baki örna sinna, Sturl. 172.2. a message, speech; talði hann mörg örendi með mikilli snild, Fms. x. 274; Snorri Goði stóð þá upp ok talaði langt eyrindi ok snjallt, then Snorri Godi stood up and made a long and fine speech (in parliament), Nj. 250; en er Sigurðr jarl hafði heyrt svá langt ok snjallt eyrendi, Orkn. 34; konungr talaði snjallt eyrindi yfir greptinum, of a funeral sermon, Fms. x. 151, v. l.; þá mælti Gizurr Hallsson langt erendi ok fagrt, Bs. i. 299; ok áðr hann væri smurðr mælti hann mjök langt örindi, 296; allir rómuðu þetta eyrendi vel, all cheered this speech, Sturl. ii. 217; talaði Hafliði langt e. um málit, i. 35; langt e. ok snjallt, id.; skaut konungr á eyrindi, the king made a speech, Fms. i. 215; en er þing var sett stóð Sigmundr upp ok skaut á löngu eyrendi, Fær. 140.3. a strophe in a secular poem, vers ( a verse) being used of a hymn or psalm; ok jók nokkurum erendum eðr vísum, Hkr. ii. 297; hversu mörg vísu-orð ( lines) standa í einu eyrendi, Edda (Ht.) 120; eptir þessi sögu orti Jórunn Skáldmær nokkur erendi í Sendibít, Hkr. i. 117; gef ek þér þat ráð at snúum sumum örendum ok fellum ór sum, O. H. L. 46; allt stafrofið er svo læst | í erindin þessi lítil tvö, a ditty.4. the breath; en er hann þraut eyrendit ok hann laut ór horninu, when the breath left him and he ‘louted’ from the drinking horn, removed his lips from the horn, of Thor’s draught by Útgarða-Loki, Edda 32.COMPDS: erindislauss, eyrindisleysa, eyrindislok. -
119 SONR
(gen. sonar, dat. syni and søni; pl. synir, sønir; ace. sonu and syni), m. son.* * *m., gen. sonar, dat. syni, pl. synir, acc. sonu, and mod. syni, which form occurs in vellums of the end of the 13th century (Cod. Fris.), Sks. 329 B: an acc. sing. sunu, Thorsen 335 (a Dan. Runic stone). The forms syni, synir refer to an older nom. sunr, which is freq. in Norse vellums; on the other hand, Icel, vellums now and then have dat. søni, pl. sønir, Grág. ii. 174; senir, 656 C. 14; Guðs senir, id.; even spelt seyni, seynir, Bs. i, Rafns. S.; the ø (ey) representing the vowel change of o. When sonr is suffixed to a name, the Icel. (but not Norsemen) drop the r, e. g. Snorri Sturlu-son (not sonr); it is in Edd. written in one word, Árni Magnússon, but in the vellums in two words, as in the list D. I. i. 185, 186 (Fiðr Halls son, Hjalti Arnsteins son …): [the root is sunu; cp. Goth. sunus, A. S. sunu, whence Engl. son, Dan. sön, but sen when suffixed, as Peter-sen.]B. A son; skilgetinn sonr, laun-s., bróður-s., systur-s., dóttur-s., sonar-s., Grág. i. 171; sonar-dóttir. id.; sonar-kona, sonar-kvon, a daughter-in-law, N. G. L. i. 350, K. Á. 142; sonar-synir, a son’s sons, grandsons, Eg. 591; sona-torrek, a son’s loss, the name of an old poem, Eg.; sonar-dauði, sonar-missir, Stj.; sonar-bani, slayer of one’s son, Háv. 44, Fms. vi. 106; sonar-bætr, the weregild for a son, Nj. 21, Fms. i. 194; sonar iðgjöld, engi getr s. nema sjálfr ali, Stor.; sona-eign, Ld. 236, Fas. ii. 112; sonar-gjöld = sonar-bætr. Eg. 311; sonar-hefndir, Grett. 150. ☞ We may notice the brief way of stating a pedigree upwards with a running genitive; e. g. móðir hans hét Þórgerðr ok var dóttir Þorsteins ins Rauða, Óláfs-sonar ins Hvíta, Ingjalds-sonar, Helga-sonar, … Th. was the daughter of Th. the Red, son of Olave the White, son of Ingjald, son of Helgi; … Auðr var dóttir Ketils Flatnefs, Bjarnar-sonar Bunu, Grims-sonar hersis or Sogni, A. was the daughter of K. Flatnose, son of Bjórn Buna, son of Grim Hersir of Sogn, Nj. 2, see the Landn. passim. -
120 là
1. art f sg thela signora Rossi Mrs Rossila domenica on Sundaysmi piace la birra I like beer2. pron 1. sg ( persona) her(cosa, animale) itla prenderò I'll take it2. also La sg you3. m music nel solfeggio della scala la(h)* * *la1 art.det.f.sing.1 the: la terra, la luna, the earth, the moon; la campagna inglese, the English countryside; la fine del mondo, the end of the world; l'età della pietra, the Stone Age; la storia d'Italia, the history of Italy; l'isola di Wight, the Isle of Wight; la regina di Svezia, the Queen of Sweden; la donna di cuori, the queen of hearts; la città era deserta, the city was deserted; la rock-star più famosa del momento, the most famous rock star at the time; ecco la casa che vorrei comprare, this is the house I'd like to buy; era l'estate del '73, it was the summer of 1973; la seconda metà dell'800, the second half of the 19th century // la 'Queen Elizabeth', the 'Queen Elizabeth'2 (spesso non si traduce): la Signora Rossi, Mrs Rossi; Maria la Sanguinaria, Bloody Mary; la regina Vittoria, Queen Victoria; l'Italia, l'Europa, Italy, Europe; la Gran Bretagna è un'isola, Great Britain is an island; la settimana prossima, scorsa, next, last week; la mostra resta chiusa la domenica, the exhibition is closed on Sundays; è l'una, it's one o'clock; l'estate sta per finire, summer is nearly over; adoro la musica, I love music; la carne non mi piace, preferisco il pesce, I don't like meat, I prefer fish; l'agricoltura è la principale fonte di ricchezza della zona, farming is the main source of income in the area; la geografia è la sua materia preferita, geography is his favourite subject; negli ultimi anni la tecnologia ha fatto notevoli progressi, technology has made great strides in the last few years; la madre di Franco, Frank's mother // la 'Francesca da Rimini' è un'opera di Zandonai, 'Francesca da Rimini' is an opera by Zandonai3 (si traduce con un agg. poss.): lui lavora in banca, la moglie insegna, he works in a bank, his wife is a teacher; mettiti la giacca, put your jacket on; mi mise la mano sulla spalla, he put his hand on my shoulder; gli hanno rubato la macchina, his car's been stolen4 (si traduce con l'art. indef.) a, an: la foca è un mammifero, a seal is a mammal; hai la macchina da scrivere?, have you got a typewriter?; hanno una villa con la piscina, they've got a house with a swimming-pool; aveva la fronte alta e spaziosa, he had a deep, wide forehead; fumo soltanto la pipa, I only smoke a pipe; si è messa in testa di fare l'attrice, she's got it into her head to become an actress5 (si traduce con il partitivo) some, any: hai ordinato l'acqua minerale?, have you ordered any mineral water?; preferisci mangiare il riso o la pasta?, would you prefer to have some rice or (some) pasta?; manca la chiave a questa porta, there isn't any key to this door6 (con valore distr.) a, an: queste uova costano un euro la dozzina, these eggs cost one euro a dozen; guadagna 260 euro la settimana, he earns 260 euros a week.la2 pron.pers.f. 3a pers.sing.1 (compl. ogg.) her (riferito a donna o animale femmina o a cosa personificata); it (riferito a cosa o animale di sesso non specificato): ''Hai notizie di Giovanna?'' ''No, non la vedo da tempo'', ''Have you any news of Joan?'' ''No, I haven't seen her for ages''; aspettiamola, sono certo che arriverà, let's wait for her, I'm sure she'll come; dammi quella lettera, la voglio leggere, give me that letter, I want to read it; non trovo la mia penna, aiutami a cercarla, I can't find my pen. Help me to look for it // eccola!, here she is (o it is)!2 (compl. ogg.) (formula di cortesia) you (usato anche al maschile): la ringrazio, Signora!, thank you (Madam)!; con la presente La invitiamo a presentarsi nei nostri uffici, you are hereby requested to visit our offices3 (in espressioni ellittiche): smettila!, stop it!; l'hai fatta grossa!, now you've done it!; non ce la faccio più!, I can't go on!4 (region.) (pleonastico, con funzione di sogg.): la mi dica, Signora!, can I help you, Madam?; non la doveva proprio capitare!, that should never have happened!la3 s.m. (mus.) A, la: sonata in la maggiore, sonata in A major; l'oboe diede il la all'orchestra, the oboe gave the (tuning) A to the orchestra // la bemolle, A flat // dare il la alla conversazione, to set the tone of the conversation.* * *I [la] art det fSee:II [la] prondav vocale l'1) (oggetto: riferito a persona) her, (riferito a cosa) itper fraseologia vedi: lo2)(oggetto: forma di cortesia)
La — youIII [la] sm invin attesa di risentirla — I (o we) look forward to hearing from you
Mus A, (solfeggiando la scala) lah* * *I [la](l' before vowel) articolo determinativo femminile singolare ilII [la]pronome personale femminile1) (complemento oggetto) (riferito a persona di sesso femminile) her; (riferito a cosa o animale) it2) (forma di cortesia) youIII [la]sostantivo maschile invariabile mus. A, la(h)dare il la — to give an A; fig. to set the tone
* * *là/la/Come l'italiano là, anche il suo equivalente inglese there è avverbio di stato in luogo o moto a luogo, e indica un punto lontano sia da chi parla sia da chi ascolta (in tal modo opponendosi a qui / here): i miei figli sono qui, i tuoi sono là = my children are here, yours are there. L'opposizione qui / là si ritrova nell'uso dei verbi andare e venire: venite qui = come here; andate là = go there. - Là, aggiunto a pronomi e aggettivi dimostrativi di terza persona, ne rafforza il valore indicativo: quel cane là = that dog (over) there; quello là = that one (there); là non viene però tradotto in inglese in un'espressione come quel giorno là = that day, che non ha implicazione di luogo ma di tempo. - Si noti che quando là è seguito da un altro avverbio di luogo ( là dentro, là fuori, là sopra, là sotto), negli equivalenti inglesi there non precede ma segue l'altro avverbio: in there, out there, over there, under there.1 (stato e moto) there; vai là go over there; qua e là here and there; là dentro, sopra in there, up there; eccoli là! there they are! chi va là? mil. who goes there? (rafforzativo) guarda là che confusione! look what a mess! quel giorno là that day; quelle persone là those people there; quell'aggeggio là that there contraption2 di là (in un'altra stanza) in there, over there, in the other room; (moto) that way; (provenienza) from there; al di là di beyond; al di là dell'oceano on the other side of the ocean, over the ocean3 in là andare o spingersi troppo in là to go too far; fare un passo in là to step aside; tirarsi o farsi in là colloq. to budge up o over; essere in là con gli anni to be getting on in years; più in là (nel tempo) later onessere più di là che di qua to be pretty far gone; ma va' là! you don't say! come on! di là da venire yet to come.
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