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  • 101 by

    1. preposition
    1) (next to; near; at the side of: by the door; He sat by his sister.) junto a
    2) (past: going by the house.) (por) delante
    3) (through; along; across: We came by the main road.) por
    4) (used (in the passive voice) to show the person or thing which performs an action: struck by a stone.) por
    5) (using: He's going to contact us by letter; We travelled by train.) por, en
    6) (from; through the means of: I met her by chance; by post.) por
    7) ((of time) not later than: by 6 o'clock.) para
    8) (during the time of.) de
    9) (to the extent of: taller by ten centimetres.) de, por
    10) (used to give measurements etc: 4 metres by 2 metres.) por
    11) (in quantities of: fruit sold by the kilo.) por
    12) (in respect of: a teacher by profession.) de

    2. adverb
    1) (near: They stood by and watched.) al lado (de)
    2) (past: A dog ran by.) por ahí
    3) (aside; away: money put by for an emergency.) apartado
    •
    - bypass
    3. verb
    (to avoid (a place) by taking such a road.) desviar
    - bystander
    - by and by
    - by and large
    - by oneself
    - by the way
    by1 advby expresa la idea de pasar cerca, pero sin detenerse
    he saw me, but he passed by without saying a word me vio, pero pasó sin decirme ni una palabra
    by2 prep
    1. por
    he was attacked by a dog fue atacado por un perro / un perro lo atacó
    2. junto a / al lado de
    she sat by me se sentó a mi lado / se sentó junto a mí
    3. de
    4. en
    5. para
    6. a
    7. con
    can I pay by credit card? ¿puedo pagar con tarjeta?
    8. a base de
    by
    tr[baɪ]
    1 (agent) por
    2 (means) por
    ■ by air/road por avión/carretera
    ■ by day/night de día/noche
    6 (near) junto a, al lado de
    9 (rate) por
    10 SMALLMATHEMATICS/SMALL por
    12 (in sets) en
    1 al lado, delante
    \
    SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL
    to go by pasar delante
    by and by con el tiempo
    by the by a propósito
    by oneself solo,-a
    by ['baɪ] adv
    1) near: cerca
    he lives close by: vive muy cerca
    2)
    to stop by : pasar por casa, hacer una visita
    3)
    to go by : pasar
    they rushed by: pasaron corriendo
    4)
    to put by : reservar, poner a un lado
    5)
    by and by : poco después, dentro de poco
    6)
    by and large : en general
    by prep
    1) near: cerca de, al lado de, junto a
    2) via: por
    she left by the door: salió por la puerta
    3) past: por, por delante de
    they walked by him: pasaron por delante de él
    4) during: de, durante
    by night: de noche
    we'll be there by ten: estaremos allí para las diez
    by then: para entonces
    built by the Romans: construido por los romanos
    a book by Borges: un libro de Borges
    made by hand: hecho a mano
    by
    adv.
    • a un lado adv.
    • aparte adv.
    prep.
    • al lado de prep.
    • de prep.
    • de acuerdo con prep.
    • para prep.
    • por prep.
    • según prep.

    I baɪ
    1)

    will it be ready by 5? — ¿estará listo para las 5?

    by the time he arrived, Ann had left — cuando llegó, Ann se había ido

    b) (during, at)

    by day/night — de día/noche

    2)
    a) (at the side of, near to) al lado de, junto a
    b) ( to hand) (AmE)
    3)
    a) ( past)

    I said hello, but he walked right by me — lo saludé pero él pasó de largo

    b) (via, through) por

    by land/sea/air — por tierra/mar/avión

    4) (indicating agent, cause) (with passive verbs) por [The passive voice is, however, less common in Spanish than it is in English]

    she was brought up by her grandmother — la crió su abuela, fue criada por su abuela

    5)
    a) (indicating means, method)

    to pay by credit card — pagar* con tarjeta de crédito

    to navigate by the stars — guiarse* por las estrellas

    by -ing: you won't get anywhere by shouting no vas a conseguir nada con gritar; I'll begin by introducing myself — empezaré por presentarme

    b) (owing to, from)

    by -ing: by specializing, she has limited her options al especializarse, ha restringido sus posibilidades; they have lost public support by being too extreme — han perdido apoyo popular por ser demasiado extremistas

    6)

    I swear by Almighty God... — juro por Dios Todopoderoso...

    by God, you'll be sorry you said that! — te juro que te vas a arrepentir de haber dicho eso

    7)
    a) ( indicating rate) por

    little by little — poco a poco, de a poco (CS)

    8) ( Math) por
    10)

    by oneself — (alone, without assistance) solo


    II
    a) ( past)
    b) (aside, in reserve)

    call o stop by on your way to work — pasa por casa de camino al trabajo

    by and by: by and by they came to the clearing al poco rato llegaron al claro; it's going to rain by and by va a llover dentro de poco; by and large por lo general, en general; by the by — see bye I

    [baɪ] When by is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg go by, stand by, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg by chance, by degrees, by half, look up the other word.
    1. PREPOSITION
    1) (=close to) al lado de, junto a

    "where's the bank?" - "it's by the post office" — -¿dónde está el banco? -está al lado de or junto a la oficina de correos

    2) (=via) por

    he came in by the back door/by the window — entró por la puerta de atrás/por la ventana

    which route did you come by? — ¿por dónde or por qué camino or por qué ruta viniste?

    3) (=past) por delante de
    4) (=during)
    a) (=not later than) para

    can you finish it by tomorrow? — ¿puedes terminarlo para mañana?

    • by the time I got there it was too late — cuando llegué ya era demasiado tarde

    • by that time or by then I knew — para entonces ya lo sabía

    b) (in year, on date, on day)

    by tomorrow/Tuesday, I'll be in France — mañana/el martes ya estaré en Francia

    by yesterday it was clear that... — ayer ya se veía claro que...

    by 30 September we had spent £500 — a 30 de septiembre habíamos gastado 500 libras

    by 1998 the figure had reached... — en 1998 la cifra había llegado a...

    by 2010 the figure will have reached... — hacia el año 2010 la cifra habrá llegado a...

    it seems to be getting bigger by the minute/day — parece que va creciendo minuto a minuto/día a día

    • to sell sth by the dozen — vender algo por docenas

    • we get paid by the hour — nos pagan por horas

    • we sell by the kilo — vendemos por kilos

    • we charge by the kilometre — cobramos por kilómetro

    • little by little — poco a poco

    • one by one — uno tras otro, uno a uno

    • two by two — de dos en dos

    7) (indicating agent, cause) por

    the thieves were caught by the police — los ladrones fueron capturados por la policía, la policía capturó a los ladrones

    who's that song by? — ¿de quién es esa canción?

    8) (indicating transport, method etc)

    • by air — [travel] en avión; [send] por avión, por vía aérea

    • by bus/ car — en autobús/coche

    • to pay by cheque — pagar con cheque

    • made by hand — hecho a mano

    • by land — por tierra

    • by the light of the moon/a candle — a la luz de la luna/de una vela

    • by rail or train — en tren

    • by sea — por mar

    by working hard — a fuerza de mucho trabajar, trabajando mucho

    he ended by saying that... — terminó diciendo que...

    10) (=according to) según

    it missed me by inches — no me dio por un pelo, me pasó rozando

    12) (in measurements, sums)

    • to divide by — dividir por or entre

    • to multiply by — multiplicar por

    13)

    • by oneself — solo

    south by southwest — sudsudoeste, sursuroeste

    15) (in oaths) por
    2. ADVERB
    1) (=past)

    • they wouldn't let me by — no me dejaban pasar

    • she rushed by without stopping — pasó a toda prisa, sin pararse

    • by and by, I'll be with you by and by — enseguida estoy contigo

    • close or hard by — muy cerca

    • by and large — en general, por lo general

    • to put sth by — poner algo a un lado

    * * *

    I [baɪ]
    1)

    will it be ready by 5? — ¿estará listo para las 5?

    by the time he arrived, Ann had left — cuando llegó, Ann se había ido

    b) (during, at)

    by day/night — de día/noche

    2)
    a) (at the side of, near to) al lado de, junto a
    b) ( to hand) (AmE)
    3)
    a) ( past)

    I said hello, but he walked right by me — lo saludé pero él pasó de largo

    b) (via, through) por

    by land/sea/air — por tierra/mar/avión

    4) (indicating agent, cause) (with passive verbs) por [The passive voice is, however, less common in Spanish than it is in English]

    she was brought up by her grandmother — la crió su abuela, fue criada por su abuela

    5)
    a) (indicating means, method)

    to travel by car/train — viajar en coche/tren

    to pay by credit card — pagar* con tarjeta de crédito

    to navigate by the stars — guiarse* por las estrellas

    by -ing: you won't get anywhere by shouting no vas a conseguir nada con gritar; I'll begin by introducing myself — empezaré por presentarme

    b) (owing to, from)

    by -ing: by specializing, she has limited her options al especializarse, ha restringido sus posibilidades; they have lost public support by being too extreme — han perdido apoyo popular por ser demasiado extremistas

    6)

    I swear by Almighty God... — juro por Dios Todopoderoso...

    by God, you'll be sorry you said that! — te juro que te vas a arrepentir de haber dicho eso

    7)
    a) ( indicating rate) por

    little by little — poco a poco, de a poco (CS)

    8) ( Math) por
    10)

    by oneself — (alone, without assistance) solo


    II
    a) ( past)
    b) (aside, in reserve)

    call o stop by on your way to work — pasa por casa de camino al trabajo

    by and by: by and by they came to the clearing al poco rato llegaron al claro; it's going to rain by and by va a llover dentro de poco; by and large por lo general, en general; by the by — see bye I

    English-spanish dictionary > by

  • 102 under

    1. preposition
    1) (underneath, below) (indicating position) unter (+ Dat.); (indicating motion) unter (+ Akk.)

    from under the table/bed — unter dem Tisch/Bett hervor

    under treatment — in Behandlung

    under repair — in Reparatur

    fields under cultivation — bebaute Felder; see also academic.ru/20932/discussion">discussion 2); influence 1.; pain 1. 5)

    3) (in conditions of) bei [Stress, hohen Temperaturen usw.]
    4) (subject to) unter (+ Dat.)

    under the doctor, under doctor's orders — in ärztlicher Behandlung

    5) (in accordance with)

    under the terms of the contract/agreement — nach den Bestimmungen des Vertrags/Abkommens

    6) (with the use of) unter (+ Dat.)
    7) (less than) unter (+ Dat.)

    for under five pounds — für weniger als fünf Pfund; see also age 1. 1)

    2. adverb
    1) (in or to a lower or subordinate position) darunter

    stay under — (under water) unter Wasser bleiben; see also go under

    2) (in/into a state of unconsciousness)

    be under/put somebody under — in Narkose liegen/jemanden in Narkose versetzen

    * * *
    1. preposition
    1) (in or to a position lower than, or covered by: Your pencil is under the chair; Strange plants grow under the sea.) unter
    2) (less than, or lower in rank than: Children under five should not cross the street alone; You can do the job in under an hour.) unter,weniger als
    3) (subject to the authority of: As a foreman, he has about fifty workers under him.) unter
    4) (used to express various states: The fort was under attack; The business improved under the new management; The matter is under consideration/discussion.) unter,in
    2. adverb
    (in or to a lower position, rank etc: The swimmer surfaced and went under again; children aged seven and under.) (dar-)unter
    * * *
    un·der
    [ˈʌndəʳ, AM -ɚ]
    I. prep
    1. (below) unter + dat; with verbs of motion unter + akk
    he hid \under the bed er versteckte sich unterm Bett
    she put the thermometer \under my tongue sie steckte mir das Thermometer unter die Zunge
    \under water unter Wasser
    2. (supporting) unter + dat
    it felt good to have the earth \under my feet again es war schön, wieder festen Boden unter meinen Füßen zu haben
    3. (covered by) unter + dat
    he wore a white shirt \under his jacket unter seiner Jacke trug er ein weißes Hemd
    4. (one side to other) unter + dat
    a cold draught blew \under the door ein kalter Zug blies unter der Tür durch
    5. (less than) unter + dat
    all items cost \under a pound alle Artikel kosten weniger als ein Pfund
    \under a minute weniger als eine Minute
    6. (inferior to)
    to be \under sb unter jdm sein [o stehen
    7. (governed by) unter + dat
    the Colonel has hundreds of soldiers \under him dem Oberst unterstehen Hunderte von Soldaten
    they are \under strict orders sie haben strenge Anweisungen
    to be \under sb's influence unter jds Einfluss stehen
    \under the Romans unter römischer Herrschaft
    \under the supervision of sb unter jds Aufsicht
    8. (in condition/state of) unter + dat
    \under anaesthetic unter Betäubung [o Narkose]
    \under arrest/control/quarantine unter Arrest/Kontrolle/Quarantäne
    \under [no] circumstances unter [keinen] Umständen
    \under oath unter Eid
    \under pressure/stress unter Druck/Stress
    \under repair in Reparatur
    \under suspicion unter Verdacht
    9. (in accordance to) gemäß + dat
    \under our agreement gemäß unserer Vereinbarung
    10. (referred to as) unter + dat
    he writes \under a pseudonym er schreibt unter einem Pseudonym
    11. (in the category of) unter + dat
    you'll find that \under Goethe das finden Sie unter Goethe
    12. (during time of)
    \under Pisces/Virgo/Aries im Sternzeichen Fische/Jungfrau/Widder
    13.
    ▶ [already] \under way [bereits [o schon]] im Gange
    to get \under way anfangen, beginnen
    II. adv inv
    1. ( also fig: sink)
    to go \under untergehen a. fig
    thousands of companies went \under during the recession tausende Firmen machten während der Rezession Pleite
    2. (below specified age, amount)
    suitable for kids of five and \under geeignet für Kinder von fünf Jahren und darunter
    £30 and \under 30 Pfund und weniger
    3.
    ▶ to get out from \under sich akk aufrappeln fam
    III. adj pred, inv
    ▪ to be \under unter Narkose stehen
    * * *
    ['ʌndə(r)]
    1. prep
    1) (= beneath place) unter (+dat); (direction) unter (+acc)

    it's under there — es ist da drunter (inf)

    under barley — mit Gerste bebaut

    2) (= less than) unter (+dat)

    there were under 50 of them — es waren weniger als 50, es waren unter 50

    3) (= subordinate to, under influence of etc) unter (+dat)

    to study under sb —

    which doctor are you under? —

    it's classified under history — es ist unter "Geschichte" eingeordnet

    you'll find the number under "garages" — Sie finden die Nummer unter "Werkstätten"

    under sentence of death —

    4) (= according to) nach (+dat), gemäß (+dat), laut (+dat)
    2. adv
    1) (= beneath) unten; (= unconscious) bewusstlos
    2) (= less) darunter
    * * *
    under [ˈʌndə(r)]
    A präp
    1. allg unter (dat oder akk)
    2. (Lage) unter (dat), unterhalb von (oder gen):
    from under the table unter dem Tisch hervor
    3. (Richtung) unter (akk):
    4. unter (dat), am Fuße von (oder gen):
    5. (zeitlich) unter (dat), während:
    he lived under the Stuarts er lebte zur Zeit der Stuarts;
    under the date of unter dem Datum vom 1. Januar etc
    6. unter der Führung von (oder gen), auch MUS unter der Leitung von (oder gen), unter (dat):
    have sb under one jemanden unter sich haben
    7. unter (dat), unter dem Schutz von (oder gen), unter Zuhilfenahme von (oder gen):
    under arms unter Waffen;
    under darkness im Schutz der Dunkelheit
    8. unter (dat), geringer als, weniger als:
    persons under 40 (years of age) Personen unter 40 (Jahren);
    the under-thirties die Personen unter 30 Jahren;
    in under an hour in weniger als einer Stunde;
    he cannot do it under an hour er braucht mindestens eine Stunde dazu oder dafür;
    it cost him under £20 es kostete ihn weniger als 20 Pfund
    9. fig unter (dat):
    a criminal under sentence of death ein zum Tode verurteilter Verbrecher;
    under supervision unter Aufsicht;
    under alcohol unter Alkohol, alkoholisiert;
    under an assumed name unter einem angenommenen Namen
    10. gemäß, laut, nach:
    a) nach den gesetzlichen Bestimmungen,
    b) im Rahmen des Gesetzes;
    claims under a contract Forderungen aus einem Vertrag
    11. in (dat):
    under treatment in Behandlung
    12. bei:
    13. mit:
    under sb’s signature mit jemandes Unterschrift, (eigenhändig) von jemandem unterschrieben oder unterzeichnet
    B adv
    1. darunter, unter:
    children of five and under fünfjährige und jüngere Kinder. → go under, keep under, etc
    2. unten:
    as under wie unten (angeführt);
    a) sich herauswinden,
    b) den Verlust wettmachen
    C adj (oft in Zusammensetzungen)
    1. unter(er, e, es), Unter…:
    the under layers die unteren Schichten oder Lagen;
    the under surface die Unterseite
    2. unter(er, e, es), nieder(er, e, es), untergeordnet, Unter…:
    the under classes die unteren oder niederen Klassen
    3. (nur in Zusammensetzungen) ungenügend, zu gering: → underdose A, etc
    * * *
    1. preposition
    1) (underneath, below) (indicating position) unter (+ Dat.); (indicating motion) unter (+ Akk.)

    from under the table/bed — unter dem Tisch/Bett hervor

    fields under cultivation — bebaute Felder; see also discussion 2); influence 1.; pain 1. 5)

    3) (in conditions of) bei [Stress, hohen Temperaturen usw.]
    4) (subject to) unter (+ Dat.)

    under the doctor, under doctor's orders — in ärztlicher Behandlung

    under the terms of the contract/agreement — nach den Bestimmungen des Vertrags/Abkommens

    6) (with the use of) unter (+ Dat.)
    7) (less than) unter (+ Dat.)

    for under five pounds — für weniger als fünf Pfund; see also age 1. 1)

    2. adverb
    1) (in or to a lower or subordinate position) darunter

    stay under — (under water) unter Wasser bleiben; see also go under

    2) (in/into a state of unconsciousness)

    be under/put somebody under — in Narkose liegen/jemanden in Narkose versetzen

    * * *
    (with) full reserve to my rights n.
    unter Wahrung meiner Rechte m. adj.
    unten adj. prep.
    darunter präp.
    unter präp.

    English-german dictionary > under

  • 103 Africa

    Afrĭca, ae, f. [the Romans received this name from the Carthaginians as designating their country, and in this sense only the Gr. hê Aphrikê occurs].
    I.
    In a restricted sense, designated by the Greeks hê Libuê, Libya, the territory of Carthage:

    Nilus Africam ab Aethiopiā dispescens,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53; 5, 4, 3:

    regio, quae sequitur a promontorio Metagonio ad aras Philaenorum, proprie nomen Africae usurpat,

    Mel. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, and id. Lig. 7.—
    II.
    In an extended sense, the whole of that quarter of the globe south of the Mediterranean Sea, Mel. 1, 4.—By meton. for its inhabitants: Africa, quae procul a mari incultius agebat, Sall. J. 89, 7 (cf. id. ib. 19, 5: alios incultius vagos agitare).—Hence,
    1.
    Afrĭcānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Africa, African:

    bellum Africanum,

    the war of Cœsar with the partisans of Pompey in Africa, Cic. Deiot. 9:

    rumores,

    of the African war, id. ib.:

    causa,

    id. Fam. 6, 13:

    possessiones,

    in Africa, Nep. Att. 12:

    gallina,

    a guinea-hen, Varr. R. R. 3, 9; cf. Plin. 10, 26, 38, § 74.— Subst.: Afrĭcānae, ārum, sc. ferae, panthers, Liv. 44, 18; so Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64; Plin. Ep. 6, 34; Suet. Cat. 18; id. Claud. 21 al.—Esp., Afrĭcā-nus, surname of the two most distinguished Scipios.
    A.
    Of P. Cornelius Scipio major, who defeated Hannibal at Zama (201 B. C.). —
    B.
    Of his grandson by adoption, P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus minor, who conducted the third Punic war, destroyed Carthage (146 B.C.), and subjected the whole Carthaginian territory to the Romans.—
    2.
    Afrĭcus, a, um, adj., African (mostly poet. for the prose Africanus): terra, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167; so Liv. 29, 23 fin.:

    bella,

    Sil. 17, 11:

    Vicus,

    a place in Rome, on the Esquiline Hill, where the Carthaginian hostages were held in custody, Varr. R. R. 5, 32, 44.—But esp. freq., Afrĭcus ventus, or subst.: Afrĭcus, i, m., the south-west wind, Gr. lips, blowing between Auster and Favonius (libonotos and zephuros), opp. Vulturnus (kaikias), now called, among the Italians, Affrico or gherbino; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119, and Sen. Q. N. 5, 16:

    creberque procellis Africus,

    Verg. A. 1, 86:

    praeceps,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 12:

    luctans,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15:

    pestilens,

    id. ib. 3, 23, 5:

    protervus,

    id. Epod. 16, 22.— Adj.: procellae, the waves or storms caused by the Africus, Hor. C. 3, 29, 57.—In Propert., Africus, as the god of this wind, is called pater, 5, 3, 48, but Müll. here reads Aetheris.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Africa

  • 104 Africanae

    Afrĭca, ae, f. [the Romans received this name from the Carthaginians as designating their country, and in this sense only the Gr. hê Aphrikê occurs].
    I.
    In a restricted sense, designated by the Greeks hê Libuê, Libya, the territory of Carthage:

    Nilus Africam ab Aethiopiā dispescens,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53; 5, 4, 3:

    regio, quae sequitur a promontorio Metagonio ad aras Philaenorum, proprie nomen Africae usurpat,

    Mel. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, and id. Lig. 7.—
    II.
    In an extended sense, the whole of that quarter of the globe south of the Mediterranean Sea, Mel. 1, 4.—By meton. for its inhabitants: Africa, quae procul a mari incultius agebat, Sall. J. 89, 7 (cf. id. ib. 19, 5: alios incultius vagos agitare).—Hence,
    1.
    Afrĭcānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Africa, African:

    bellum Africanum,

    the war of Cœsar with the partisans of Pompey in Africa, Cic. Deiot. 9:

    rumores,

    of the African war, id. ib.:

    causa,

    id. Fam. 6, 13:

    possessiones,

    in Africa, Nep. Att. 12:

    gallina,

    a guinea-hen, Varr. R. R. 3, 9; cf. Plin. 10, 26, 38, § 74.— Subst.: Afrĭcānae, ārum, sc. ferae, panthers, Liv. 44, 18; so Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64; Plin. Ep. 6, 34; Suet. Cat. 18; id. Claud. 21 al.—Esp., Afrĭcā-nus, surname of the two most distinguished Scipios.
    A.
    Of P. Cornelius Scipio major, who defeated Hannibal at Zama (201 B. C.). —
    B.
    Of his grandson by adoption, P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus minor, who conducted the third Punic war, destroyed Carthage (146 B.C.), and subjected the whole Carthaginian territory to the Romans.—
    2.
    Afrĭcus, a, um, adj., African (mostly poet. for the prose Africanus): terra, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167; so Liv. 29, 23 fin.:

    bella,

    Sil. 17, 11:

    Vicus,

    a place in Rome, on the Esquiline Hill, where the Carthaginian hostages were held in custody, Varr. R. R. 5, 32, 44.—But esp. freq., Afrĭcus ventus, or subst.: Afrĭcus, i, m., the south-west wind, Gr. lips, blowing between Auster and Favonius (libonotos and zephuros), opp. Vulturnus (kaikias), now called, among the Italians, Affrico or gherbino; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119, and Sen. Q. N. 5, 16:

    creberque procellis Africus,

    Verg. A. 1, 86:

    praeceps,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 12:

    luctans,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15:

    pestilens,

    id. ib. 3, 23, 5:

    protervus,

    id. Epod. 16, 22.— Adj.: procellae, the waves or storms caused by the Africus, Hor. C. 3, 29, 57.—In Propert., Africus, as the god of this wind, is called pater, 5, 3, 48, but Müll. here reads Aetheris.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Africanae

  • 105 Africanus

    Afrĭca, ae, f. [the Romans received this name from the Carthaginians as designating their country, and in this sense only the Gr. hê Aphrikê occurs].
    I.
    In a restricted sense, designated by the Greeks hê Libuê, Libya, the territory of Carthage:

    Nilus Africam ab Aethiopiā dispescens,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53; 5, 4, 3:

    regio, quae sequitur a promontorio Metagonio ad aras Philaenorum, proprie nomen Africae usurpat,

    Mel. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, and id. Lig. 7.—
    II.
    In an extended sense, the whole of that quarter of the globe south of the Mediterranean Sea, Mel. 1, 4.—By meton. for its inhabitants: Africa, quae procul a mari incultius agebat, Sall. J. 89, 7 (cf. id. ib. 19, 5: alios incultius vagos agitare).—Hence,
    1.
    Afrĭcānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Africa, African:

    bellum Africanum,

    the war of Cœsar with the partisans of Pompey in Africa, Cic. Deiot. 9:

    rumores,

    of the African war, id. ib.:

    causa,

    id. Fam. 6, 13:

    possessiones,

    in Africa, Nep. Att. 12:

    gallina,

    a guinea-hen, Varr. R. R. 3, 9; cf. Plin. 10, 26, 38, § 74.— Subst.: Afrĭcānae, ārum, sc. ferae, panthers, Liv. 44, 18; so Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64; Plin. Ep. 6, 34; Suet. Cat. 18; id. Claud. 21 al.—Esp., Afrĭcā-nus, surname of the two most distinguished Scipios.
    A.
    Of P. Cornelius Scipio major, who defeated Hannibal at Zama (201 B. C.). —
    B.
    Of his grandson by adoption, P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus minor, who conducted the third Punic war, destroyed Carthage (146 B.C.), and subjected the whole Carthaginian territory to the Romans.—
    2.
    Afrĭcus, a, um, adj., African (mostly poet. for the prose Africanus): terra, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167; so Liv. 29, 23 fin.:

    bella,

    Sil. 17, 11:

    Vicus,

    a place in Rome, on the Esquiline Hill, where the Carthaginian hostages were held in custody, Varr. R. R. 5, 32, 44.—But esp. freq., Afrĭcus ventus, or subst.: Afrĭcus, i, m., the south-west wind, Gr. lips, blowing between Auster and Favonius (libonotos and zephuros), opp. Vulturnus (kaikias), now called, among the Italians, Affrico or gherbino; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119, and Sen. Q. N. 5, 16:

    creberque procellis Africus,

    Verg. A. 1, 86:

    praeceps,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 12:

    luctans,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15:

    pestilens,

    id. ib. 3, 23, 5:

    protervus,

    id. Epod. 16, 22.— Adj.: procellae, the waves or storms caused by the Africus, Hor. C. 3, 29, 57.—In Propert., Africus, as the god of this wind, is called pater, 5, 3, 48, but Müll. here reads Aetheris.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Africanus

  • 106 Africus

    Afrĭca, ae, f. [the Romans received this name from the Carthaginians as designating their country, and in this sense only the Gr. hê Aphrikê occurs].
    I.
    In a restricted sense, designated by the Greeks hê Libuê, Libya, the territory of Carthage:

    Nilus Africam ab Aethiopiā dispescens,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53; 5, 4, 3:

    regio, quae sequitur a promontorio Metagonio ad aras Philaenorum, proprie nomen Africae usurpat,

    Mel. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, and id. Lig. 7.—
    II.
    In an extended sense, the whole of that quarter of the globe south of the Mediterranean Sea, Mel. 1, 4.—By meton. for its inhabitants: Africa, quae procul a mari incultius agebat, Sall. J. 89, 7 (cf. id. ib. 19, 5: alios incultius vagos agitare).—Hence,
    1.
    Afrĭcānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Africa, African:

    bellum Africanum,

    the war of Cœsar with the partisans of Pompey in Africa, Cic. Deiot. 9:

    rumores,

    of the African war, id. ib.:

    causa,

    id. Fam. 6, 13:

    possessiones,

    in Africa, Nep. Att. 12:

    gallina,

    a guinea-hen, Varr. R. R. 3, 9; cf. Plin. 10, 26, 38, § 74.— Subst.: Afrĭcānae, ārum, sc. ferae, panthers, Liv. 44, 18; so Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64; Plin. Ep. 6, 34; Suet. Cat. 18; id. Claud. 21 al.—Esp., Afrĭcā-nus, surname of the two most distinguished Scipios.
    A.
    Of P. Cornelius Scipio major, who defeated Hannibal at Zama (201 B. C.). —
    B.
    Of his grandson by adoption, P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus minor, who conducted the third Punic war, destroyed Carthage (146 B.C.), and subjected the whole Carthaginian territory to the Romans.—
    2.
    Afrĭcus, a, um, adj., African (mostly poet. for the prose Africanus): terra, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167; so Liv. 29, 23 fin.:

    bella,

    Sil. 17, 11:

    Vicus,

    a place in Rome, on the Esquiline Hill, where the Carthaginian hostages were held in custody, Varr. R. R. 5, 32, 44.—But esp. freq., Afrĭcus ventus, or subst.: Afrĭcus, i, m., the south-west wind, Gr. lips, blowing between Auster and Favonius (libonotos and zephuros), opp. Vulturnus (kaikias), now called, among the Italians, Affrico or gherbino; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119, and Sen. Q. N. 5, 16:

    creberque procellis Africus,

    Verg. A. 1, 86:

    praeceps,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 12:

    luctans,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15:

    pestilens,

    id. ib. 3, 23, 5:

    protervus,

    id. Epod. 16, 22.— Adj.: procellae, the waves or storms caused by the Africus, Hor. C. 3, 29, 57.—In Propert., Africus, as the god of this wind, is called pater, 5, 3, 48, but Müll. here reads Aetheris.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Africus

  • 107 Africus ventus

    Afrĭca, ae, f. [the Romans received this name from the Carthaginians as designating their country, and in this sense only the Gr. hê Aphrikê occurs].
    I.
    In a restricted sense, designated by the Greeks hê Libuê, Libya, the territory of Carthage:

    Nilus Africam ab Aethiopiā dispescens,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 53; 5, 4, 3:

    regio, quae sequitur a promontorio Metagonio ad aras Philaenorum, proprie nomen Africae usurpat,

    Mel. 1, 7; cf. Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, and id. Lig. 7.—
    II.
    In an extended sense, the whole of that quarter of the globe south of the Mediterranean Sea, Mel. 1, 4.—By meton. for its inhabitants: Africa, quae procul a mari incultius agebat, Sall. J. 89, 7 (cf. id. ib. 19, 5: alios incultius vagos agitare).—Hence,
    1.
    Afrĭcānus, a, um, adj., pertaining to Africa, African:

    bellum Africanum,

    the war of Cœsar with the partisans of Pompey in Africa, Cic. Deiot. 9:

    rumores,

    of the African war, id. ib.:

    causa,

    id. Fam. 6, 13:

    possessiones,

    in Africa, Nep. Att. 12:

    gallina,

    a guinea-hen, Varr. R. R. 3, 9; cf. Plin. 10, 26, 38, § 74.— Subst.: Afrĭcānae, ārum, sc. ferae, panthers, Liv. 44, 18; so Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64; Plin. Ep. 6, 34; Suet. Cat. 18; id. Claud. 21 al.—Esp., Afrĭcā-nus, surname of the two most distinguished Scipios.
    A.
    Of P. Cornelius Scipio major, who defeated Hannibal at Zama (201 B. C.). —
    B.
    Of his grandson by adoption, P. Cornelius Scipio Aemilianus minor, who conducted the third Punic war, destroyed Carthage (146 B.C.), and subjected the whole Carthaginian territory to the Romans.—
    2.
    Afrĭcus, a, um, adj., African (mostly poet. for the prose Africanus): terra, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167; so Liv. 29, 23 fin.:

    bella,

    Sil. 17, 11:

    Vicus,

    a place in Rome, on the Esquiline Hill, where the Carthaginian hostages were held in custody, Varr. R. R. 5, 32, 44.—But esp. freq., Afrĭcus ventus, or subst.: Afrĭcus, i, m., the south-west wind, Gr. lips, blowing between Auster and Favonius (libonotos and zephuros), opp. Vulturnus (kaikias), now called, among the Italians, Affrico or gherbino; cf. Plin. 2, 47, 46, § 119, and Sen. Q. N. 5, 16:

    creberque procellis Africus,

    Verg. A. 1, 86:

    praeceps,

    Hor. C. 1, 3, 12:

    luctans,

    id. ib. 1, 1, 15:

    pestilens,

    id. ib. 3, 23, 5:

    protervus,

    id. Epod. 16, 22.— Adj.: procellae, the waves or storms caused by the Africus, Hor. C. 3, 29, 57.—In Propert., Africus, as the god of this wind, is called pater, 5, 3, 48, but Müll. here reads Aetheris.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Africus ventus

  • 108 alea

    ālĕa, ae, f. [of uncer. origin; Curtius asserts an obscure connection with the words for bone; Sanscr. asthi; Zend, açti; Gr. osteon; Lat. os (ossis)].
    I.
    A game with dice, and in gen., a game of hazard or chance. There were among the Romans two kinds of dice, tesserae and tali, Cic. Sen. 16, 58. The tesserae had six sides, which were marked with I. II. III. IV. V. VI.; the tali were rounded on two sides, and marked only on the other four. Upon one side there was one point, unio, an ace, like the ace on cards, called canis; on the opp. side, six points called senio, six, sice; on the two other sides, three and four points, ternio and quaternio. In playing, four tali were used, but only three tesserae. They were put into a box made in the form of a tower, with a strait neck, and wider below than above, called fritillus, turris, turricula, etc. This box was shaken, and the dice were thrown upon the gaming-board. The highest or most fortunate throw, called Venus, jactus Venereus or basilicus, was, of the tesserae, three sixes, and of the tali when they all came out with different numbers. The worst or lowest throw, called jactus pessimus or damnosus, canis or canicula, was, of the tesserae, three aces, and of the tali when they were all the same. The other throws were valued acc. to the numbers. When one of the tali fell upon the end (in caput) it was said rectus cadere, or assistere, Cic. Fin. 3, 16, 54, and the throw was repeated. While throwing the dice, it was customary for a person to express his wishes, to repeat the name of his mistress, and the like. Games of chance were prohibited by the Lex Titia et Publicia et Cornelia (cf. Hor. C. 3, 24, 58), except in the month of December, during the Saturnalia, Mart. 4, 14, 7; 5, 85; 14, 1; Suet. Aug. 71; Dig. 11, 5. The character of gamesters, aleatores or aleones, was held as infamous in the time of Cicero, cf. Cic. Cat. 2, 5, 10; id. Phil. 2, 23, although there was much playing with aleae, and old men were esp. fond of this game, because it required little physical exertion, Cic. Sen. 16, 58; Suet. Aug. 71; Juv. 14, 4; cf.

    Jahn,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 471; Rupert. ad Tac. G. 24, 5:

    provocat me in aleam, ut ego ludam,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 75.—Ludere aleā or aleam, also sometimes in aleā:

    in foro aleā ludere,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 23, 56; Dig. 11, 5, 1: ludit assidue aleam, Poët. ap. Suet. Aug. 70:

    aleam studiosissime lusit,

    Suet. Claud. 33; so id. Ner. 30; Juv. 8, 10:

    repetitio ejus, quod in aleā lusum est,

    Dig. 11, 5, 4.—Hence, in aleā aliquid perdere, Cic. Phil. 2, 13:

    exercere aleam,

    Tac. G. 24:

    indulgere aleae,

    Suet. Aug. 70:

    oblectare se aleā,

    id. Dom. 21:

    prosperiore aleā uti,

    to play fortunately, id. Calig. 41.— Trop.: Jacta alea esto, Let the die be cast! Let the game be ventured! the memorable exclamation of Cæsar when, at the Rubicon, after long hesitation, he finally decided to march to Rome, Suet. Caes. 32, ubi v. Casaub. and Ruhnk.—
    II.
    Transf., any thing uncertain or contingent, an accident, chance, hazard, venture, risk:

    alea domini vitae ac rei familiaris,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 4:

    sequentes non aleam, sed rationem aliquam,

    id. ib. 1, 18:

    aleam inesse hostiis deligendis,

    Cic. Div. 2, 15:

    dare summam rerum in aleam,

    to risk, Liv. 42, 59:

    in dubiam imperii servitiique aleam ire,

    fortune, chance, id. 1, 23:

    alea belli,

    id. 37, 36:

    talibus admissis alea grandis inest,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 376:

    periculosae plenum opus aleae,

    Hor. C. 2, 1, 6: M. Tullius extra omnem ingenii aleam positus, raised above all doubt of his talents, Plin. praef. § 7: emere aleam, in the Pandects, to purchase any thing uncertain, contingent, e. g. a draught of fishes, Dig. 18, 1, 8; so ib. 18, 4, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > alea

  • 109 castrum

    castrum, i, n. [kindred with casa, q. v.].
    I.
    In sing., any fortified place; a castle, fort, fortress (more rare than castellum):

    ei Grunium dederat in Phrygiā castrum, etc.,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 3; Liv. 32. 29, 4; Dig. 27, 1, 17 fin. —
    B.
    Esp., nom. propr.
    1.
    Castrum Altum or Album, in Hispania Tarraconensis, Liv. 24, 41, 3.—
    2.
    Castrum Inui, or simply Castrum, an ancient city of the Rutuli, near Ardea, Verg. A. 6, 775;

    called Castrum,

    Ov. M. 15, 727; Sil. 8, 359. —
    3.
    Castrum Novum, a city on the seacoast of Etruria, Liv. 36, 3, 6; Plin. 3, 5, 8, § 51.—
    4.
    Another Castrum Novum, on the sea-coast of Picenum, now Giulia Nova, [p. 299] Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110; also called absol. Castrum, Vell. 1, 14, 8.—
    5.
    Castrum Truentinum, a maritime city of Picenum, on the river Truentus, Cic. Att. 8, 12, B, 1;

    also called Truentum,

    Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110.—
    6.
    Castrum Vergium, a fortress of the Bergistani in Hispania Tarraconensis, now Berga, Liv. 34, 21, 1.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    In plur.: castra, ōrum, n. ( castra, ae, f.: castra haec vestra est, Att. ap. Non. p. 200, 30; Trag. Rel. p. 238 Rib.).
    A.
    Lit., several soldiers ' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment; among the Romans a square (quadrata);

    later, after the manner of the Greeks, sometimes circular, or adjusted to its situation,

    Veg. Mil. 1, 23. It was surrounded by a trench (fossa) and a wall (vallum), and had four gates: Porta Praetoria, the front, chief gate, on the opp. side from the enemy, from which the legions marched; opp. to this, Porta Decumana (in later times Porta Quaestoria), the back gate;

    Porta Principalis Dextra, and Porta Principalis Sinistra, situated on the two sides of the camp,

    Liv. 40, 27, 4 sq.; cf. Dict. of Antiq.—
    b.
    Phrases.
    (α).
    With adj.:

    stativa,

    occupied for a long time, permanent, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; Caes. B. C. 3, 30; 3, 37; Sall. J. 44, 4; Tac. A. 3, 21:

    aestiva,

    summer camp, id. ib. 1, 16; Suet. Claud. 1:

    hiberna,

    Liv. 29, 35, 13 (more freq. absol. aestiva and hiberna, q. v.):

    navalia,

    an encampment on the shore for protecting the fleet and the troops while landing; sometimes connected with the ships drawn to land, Caes. B. G. 5, 22 Herz.; cf. id. ib. 5, 11; Liv. 29, 35, 13;

    called also nautica,

    Nep. Alcib. 8, 5; id. Hann. 11, 6 (cf. id. ib. § 4; Liv. 44, 39): lunata, crescent-shaped, Auct. B. Afr. 80.—With numerals:

    una,

    Tac. A. 4, 2:

    bina,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 27; Liv. 4, 27, 3:

    quina,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 9.—
    (β).
    With verb:

    locum castris antecapere,

    Sall. J. 50, 1; cf.:

    capere locum castris,

    Liv. 4, 27, 3; 9, 17, 15;

    and montes castris capere,

    Tac. A. 12, 55: castra metari, Cael. ap. Non. p. 137, 18; Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 15 al.:

    facere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 48; Nep. Milt. 5, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29 al.:

    ponere,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 35; Nep. Hann. 5 fin.:

    ponere et munire,

    Sall. J. 75, 7:

    munire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 49; Liv. 44, 39, 1:

    communire,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 49; Liv. 23, 28, 3:

    castra castris conferre,

    id. 10, 32, 5; 23, 28, 9:

    castris se tenere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8:

    castra movere,

    to break up, to decamp, id. ib. 1, 39 fin.; also syn. with to march forth from a camp, id. ib. 1, 15 Herz.; 1, 22; 2, 2; Sall. C. 57, 3; Nep. Dat. 8, 4; id. Eum. 12 fin. et saep.—Hence, also, promovere, Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

    movere retro,

    Liv. 2, 58, 3:

    removere,

    id. 9, 24, 4:

    proferre,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 81:

    castris castra inferre,

    Enn. Trag. 201 Vahl.—
    c.
    Castra Praetoriana, Praetoria, Urbana or simply Castra, the barracks of the Prœtorians in the suburbs of Rome, Suet. Tib. 37; id. Claud. 21; Tac. A. 4, 2; Suet. Aug. 29; id. Claud. 36; Dig. 48, 5, 15. —
    d.
    Castrorum filius, a surname of Caligula, who was brought up in the camp, Suet. Calig. 22; Aur. Vict. Caes. 3.—So, Castrorum mater, an appellation of Faustina, the wife of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, because she accompanied him in an expedition against the Quadi, Capitol. Marc. Aur. 26.—Hence both appell. in later inscriptions as titles of the Roman emperors and empresses. —
    B.
    Esp. as nom. propr., like castrum.
    1.
    Castra Corneliana or Cornelia, on the north coast of Africa, near Utica, so called because the elder Scipio Africanus first pitched his camp there, after his landing in Africa, in the second Punic war, Caes. B. C. 2, 24; 2, 25; 2, 37; Mel. 1, 7, 2; Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 24.—
    2.
    Castra Caecilia, in Lusitania, Plin. 4, 22, 35, § 117.—
    3.
    Castra Hannibalis, a seaport town in Bruttium, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95.—
    4.
    Castra Pyrrhi, a place in Grecian Illyria, Liv. 32, 13, 2.—
    5.
    Castra Vetera or Vetera, a place on the Lower Rhine, now Xanthen, Tac. H. 4, 18; 4, 21; 4, 35; id. A. 1, 45.—
    6.
    Castra Alexandri, a district in Egypt, Curt. 4, 7, 2; Oros. 1, 2.—
    C.
    Meton.
    1.
    Since, in military expeditions, a camp was pitched each evening, in the histt. (esp. Livy) for a day ' s march:

    secundis castris ( = bidui itinere) pervenit ad Dium,

    Liv. 44, 7, 1; so Tac. H. 3, 15; cf.:

    alteris castris,

    Liv. 38, 13, 2; Curt. 3, 7.—

    So tertiis castris,

    Liv. 38, 13, 11; 38, 24, 1; Tac. H. 4, 71:

    quartis castris,

    Liv. 44, 46, 10:

    quintis castris,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 36; Liv. 28, 19, 4:

    septimis castris,

    id. 40, 22, 1:

    decimis castris,

    id. 27, 32 fin.; 28, 33, 1.—
    2.
    Military service (hence, often opp. forum and toga), Nep. Epam. 5, 4; Vell. 2, 125, 4; Tib. 4, 1, 39:

    qui magnum in castris usum habebant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39.—
    3.
    Of beehives:

    cerea,

    Verg. A. 12, 589:

    in apium castris,

    Pall. 1, 37, 4.—
    4.
    Of a sheepfold, Col. 6, 23, 3.—
    5.
    Of political parties, regarded as arrayed in hostility:

    si ad interdicti sententiam confugis... in meis castris praesidiisque versaris,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 83.—
    6.
    Of philosophical sects:

    Epicuri castra,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 1:

    O castra praeclara (Epicuri)!

    id. ib. 7, 12, 1; Hor. C. 3, 16, 23; Sen. Ep. 2, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > castrum

  • 110 draw

    A n
    1 ( raffle) tirage m (au sort) ; to win (sth in) a draw gagner (qch) dans une loterie ;
    2 ( tie) ( in match) match m nul ; it was a draw ( in match) ils ont fait match nul ; ( in race) ils sont arrivés ex aequo ;
    3 ( attraction) (person, film, event, place) attraction f ; Bob Dylan was the big draw Bob Dylan était la grande attraction ;
    4 (on cigarette, pipe) bouffée f ;
    5 US ( hand of cards) main f.
    B vtr ( prét drew, pp drawn)
    1 ( on paper etc) faire [picture, plan, portrait, sketch, cartoon] ; dessiner [person, face, object, diagram] ; tracer [line, circle, square] ; to draw a picture lit faire un dessin, dessiner ; to draw (a picture of) a boat dessiner un bateau ; to draw a map ( giving directions) faire un plan ; ( in school) dessiner une carte ; to draw sb sth, to draw sth for sb faire qch à qn [picture, plan, cartoon, sketch] ; dessiner qch à qn [person, face, object, diagram] ;
    2 fig dépeindre [character, picture] ; faire [analogy, comparison, distinction, parallel] ;
    3 ( pull) [animal, car, engine] tirer [object, cart, rope, plough] ; [machine, suction] aspirer [liquid, gas] ; to draw a plough along tirer une charrue ; the water is drawn along the pipe l'eau est aspirée dans le tuyau ; I drew the book towards me j'ai tiré le livre vers moi ; he drew the child towards him il a attiré l'enfant vers lui ; to draw a bolt/the curtains tirer un verrou/les rideaux ; I drew the string as tight as I could j'ai tiré sur la ficelle aussi fort que j'ai pu ; she drew a ten pound note from her purse elle a tiré un billet de dix livres de son porte-monnaie ; he drew his finger along the shelf il a passé un doigt sur l'étagère ; to draw a handkerchief across one's forehead/a comb through ones' hair se passer un mouchoir sur le front/un peigne dans les cheveux ; she drew his arm through hers elle a passé son bras sous le sien ; she drew her shawl round her shoulders elle a resserré son châle autour de ses épaules ; to draw water from a well tirer de l'eau d'un puits ; to draw a pint of beer ≈ tirer un demi-litre de bière à la pression ; to draw blood lit provoquer un saignement ; to draw a bow bander un arc ;
    4 ( derive) tirer [conclusion] (from de) ; I drew comfort from the fact that/from doing cela m'a un peu réconforté de savoir que/de faire ; to draw a lesson/a moral from sth tirer une leçon/une morale de qch ; to draw inspiration from sth puiser de l'inspiration dans qch ; he drew hope/encouragement from this cela lui a donné de l'espoir/du courage ; to be drawn from [energy, information] provenir de ; his friends/our readers are drawn from all walks of life ses amis/nos lecteurs viennent de tous les horizons ;
    5 ( cause to talk) faire parler [person] (about, on de) ; I'd hoped she'd tell me, but she wouldn't be drawn ou she refused to be drawn j'avais espéré qu'elle me le dirait, mais elle a refusé de parler ; to draw sth from ou out of sb obtenir qch de qn [information] ; faire dire or arracher qch à qn [truth] ; she drew tears of laughter from the audience elle a fait rire son public aux larmes ; I managed to draw a smile from him j'ai réussi à lui arracher un sourire ;
    6 ( attract) [person, event, film] attirer [crowd, person] (to vers) ; susciter [reaction, criticism, praise, interest] ; the idea drew much criticism from both sides/from the experts l'idée a suscité de nombreuses critiques des deux côtés/chez les experts ; the course draws students from all over the world le cours attire des étudiants du monde entier ; his speech drew great applause son discours a soulevé des applaudissements ; to draw sb's attention to sth attirer l'attention de qn sur qch ; to draw attention to oneself attirer l'attention sur soi ; to feel drawn to sb se sentir attiré vers qn ; to draw sb to attirer qn vers [person, religion] ; pousser qn vers [profession] ; the sound of the explosion drew her to the window le bruit de l'explosion l'a attirée à la fenêtre ; to draw sb into mêler qn à [conversation] ; entraîner qn dans [argument, battle] ; I'm not going to be drawn into an argument with you je ne vais pas me laisser entraîner dans une dispute avec toi ; they were drawn together by their love of animals leur amour des animaux les a rapprochés ; to draw the enemy fire offrir un cible au feu ennemi ; I'll draw their fire je ferai diversion ;
    7 Fin ( take out) retirer [money] (from de) ; tirer [cheque, bill of exchange, promissory note] (on sur) ; ( receive) toucher [wages, pension] ;
    8 Games ( choose at random) tirer [qch] au sort [name, ticket, winner] ; they asked him to draw the winner (out of the hat) ils lui ont demandé de tirer au sort le gagnant ; to draw a winning ticket [competitor] tirer un billet gagnant ; Italy has been drawn against Spain ou to play Spain le tirage au sort a désigné l'Italie comme adversaire de l'Espagne ; Jones drew Smith in the first round le tirage au sort a désigné Smith comme adversaire de Jones au premier tour ;
    9 Sport to draw a match faire match nul ;
    10 (remove, pull out) extraire [tooth] ; retirer, enlever [thorn, splinter, sting] (from de) ; retirer [cork] (from de) ; dégainer, sortir [sword, dagger] ; sortir [knife, gun] ; tirer [card] ; to draw a gun on sb sortir un pistolet et le braquer sur qn ; to draw a knife on sb sortir un couteau pour en menacer qn ; with drawn sword l'épée dégainée ;
    11 ( disembowel) vider [chicken, turkey, goose] ; Hist étriper [prisoner] ;
    12 Hunt suivre la voie de [animal] ;
    13 Games to draw trumps tirer ses atouts ;
    14 Tech étirer [wire, metal, glass] ;
    15 Naut the ship draws six metres le navire a un tirant d'eau de six mètres ;
    16 † ( run) faire couler [bath].
    C vi ( prét drew, pp drawn)
    1 ( make picture) dessiner ; he draws very well il dessine très bien ; to draw round ou around sth dessiner en suivant les contours de [hand, template] ;
    2 ( move) to draw ahead (of sth/sb) lit [vehicle, person] gagner du terrain (sur qch/qn) ; fig [person, company] prendre de l'avance (sur qch/qn) ; to draw alongside [boat] accoster ; the car drew alongside the lorry la voiture s'est mise à côté du camion ; to draw close ou near [time, date, ordeal] approcher ; the time/day is drawing close when… l'heure/le jour approche où… ; they drew nearer to listen ils se sont rapprochés pour écouter ; to draw into [bus] arriver à [station] ; the train drew into the station le train est entré en gare ; to draw level se retrouver au même niveau ; to draw level with the other athletes ( in score) se retrouver au même niveau que les autres athlètes ; ( in race) rattraper les autres athlètes ; to draw over [vehicle] ( stop) se ranger ; ( still moving) se rabattre vers le bas-côté ; the lorry drew over to the right-hand side of the road le camion s'est rangé sur la voie de droite ; to draw to one side [person] s'écarter ; to draw round ou around [people] se rassembler ; they drew round the teacher ils se sont rassemblés autour du professeur ; to draw to a halt s'arrêter ; to draw to a close ou an end [day, event, life] toucher à sa fin ;
    3 gen, Sport ( in match) [teams] faire match nul ; ( finish at same time in race) [runners, racers] arriver ex aequo ; (finish equal, with same points) se retrouver ex aequo ; they drew for second place ils sont arrivés deuxièmes ex aequo ; X drew with Y ( in match) X a fait match nul avec Y ; ( in race) X est arrivé ex aequo avec Y ;
    4 ( choose at random) to draw for sth tirer qch (au sort) ; they drew for partners ils ont tiré leurs partenaires (au sort) ;
    5 [chimney, pipe] tirer ; [pump, vacuum cleaner] aspirer ; to draw on ou at one's pipe/cigarette tirer sur sa pipe/sa cigarette ;
    6 [tea] infuser.
    to be quick/slow on the draw ○ ( in understanding) avoir l'esprit vif/lent ; ( in replying) avoir/ne pas avoir la repartie facile ; [cowboy] dégainer/ne pas dégainer vite ; to beat sb to the draw [rival, competitor] devancer qn ; [cowboy] dégainer plus vite que qn ; to draw the line fixer des limites ; you've got to draw the line somewhere il faut savoir fixer des limites ; to draw the line at doing se refuser à faire ; she drew the line at blackmail elle se refusait à faire du chantage ; I draw the line at violence je n'irai pas jusqu'à la violence ; the union agreed to longer working hours but drew the line at wage cuts le syndicat a accepté une augmentation des heures de travail mais a refusé une baisse des salaires.
    ▶ draw apart [two people] se séparer ; the land masses drew apart les masses de terre se sont éloignées les unes des autres.
    ▶ draw [sth] aside, draw aside [sth] écarter [curtain, screen, object] ;
    ▶ draw [sb] aside prendre qn à part.
    ■ draw away:
    ▶ draw away [vehicle, train, person] ( move off) s'éloigner (from de) ; ( move ahead) prendre de l'avance (from sur) ; [person] (move away, recoil) avoir un mouvement de recul ;
    ▶ draw [sth] away, draw away [sth] retirer [hand, foot] ; draw the chair away from the fire éloigne la chaise du feu ;
    ▶ draw [sb] away from éloigner qn de [fire, scene] ; distraire qn de [book, task].
    ■ draw back:
    ▶ draw back (move back, recoil) reculer ;
    ▶ draw [sth] back, draw back [sth] ouvrir [curtains] ; [person] retirer [hand, foot] ;
    ▶ draw [sb] back, draw back [sb] faire revenir [person] ; the company will have difficulty drawing its customers back la société aura du mal à récupérer ses clients.
    ■ draw down:
    ▶ draw [sth] down, draw down [sth] baisser [blind, screen, veil].
    ■ draw in:
    ▶ draw in
    1 [days] raccourcir ; the nights are drawing in les jours raccourcissent ;
    2 ( arrive) [bus] arriver ; [train] entrer en gare ;
    ▶ draw [sth] in, draw in [sth]
    1 gen, Art ( in picture) ajouter [background, detail] ;
    2 tirer sur [reins, rope, lead] ; rentrer [stomach, claws] ;
    3 ( suck in) [person] aspirer [air] ; [pump, machine] aspirer [liquid, gas, air] ; to draw in one's breath inspirer ;
    4 ( attract) attirer [people, funds].
    ■ draw off:
    ▶ draw off [vehicle, train] partir ; [army] battre en retraite ;
    ▶ draw [sth] off, draw off [sth] tirer [beer, water] ; Med évacuer [fluid] ; retirer, ôter [gloves].
    ■ draw on:
    ▶ draw on ( approach) [time, date, season] approcher ; ( pass) [time] passer ; [evening, day, season] (s')avancer ;
    ▶ draw on [sth] puiser dans, exploiter [skills, strength, reserves, savings] ; in her novels she draws on childhood memories pour écrire ses romans elle s'inspire de ses souvenirs d'enfance ; the report draws on information from… le rapport tire des informations de… ; to draw on one's experience faire appel à son expérience ;
    ▶ draw on [sth], draw [sth] on enfiler [gloves, shoes, garment].
    ■ draw out:
    1 ( leave) [train, bus] partir ; the train drew out of the station le train a quitté la gare ; a car drew out in front of me une voiture a déboîté devant moi ;
    2 ( get longer) [day, night] rallonger ; the nights are drawing out les jours rallongent ;
    ▶ draw [sth] out, draw out [sth]
    1 gen tirer [handkerchief, purse, cigarette, knife] (from, out of de) ; retirer [splinter, nail, cork] (from, out of de) ; extraire [tooth] ; aspirer [liquid, air] ;
    2 Fin retirer [cash, money, balance] ;
    3 ( cause to last longer) faire durer [meeting, speech, meal] ; ( unnecessarily) faire traîner [meeting, speech, meal] ;
    4 ( extract) obtenir [information, confession] ; ( using force) soutirer [information, confession] ; they managed to draw a confession out of him ils ont réussi à lui soutirer des aveux ;
    5 Tech ( stretch) étirer [wire, thread, glass, metal] ;
    ▶ draw [sb] out ( make less shy) faire sortir [qn] de sa coquille ; I managed to draw him out of his silence j'ai réussi à le sortir de son silence ; I drew the old man out about the war j'ai fait parler le vieil homme de la guerre.
    ■ draw up:
    ▶ draw up [vehicle] s'arrêter ; [boat] accoster ;
    ▶ draw up [sth], draw [sth] up
    1 établir [contract, criteria, budget, programme, proposals, questionnaire] ; dresser, établir [list, inventory, plan] ; rédiger, établir [report] ; faire [will] ;
    2 ( pull upwards) hisser [bucket] ;
    3 ( bring) approcher [chair, stool] (to de) ;
    4 ( gather up) tirer sur [thread, drawstring] ;
    ▶ draw oneself up se redresser ; she drew herself up to her full height elle s'est redressée de toute sa hauteur.

    Big English-French dictionary > draw

  • 111 citer

    cĭter, tra, trum ( comp. citerior; sup. citimus; most freq. in comp.; in posit. only Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 589 and 999 P.; and Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 607 ib.), adj. [cis].
    I.
    On this side:

    citer agnus (ager) alligatus ad sacra erit, Cato ap. Prisc. pp. 599 and 989 P.: alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

    citerior provincia (i. e. Gallia Cisalpina),

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10:

    in Galliā citeriore,

    id. ib. 1, 24; Hirt. B. G. 8, 23; Suet. Caes. 56:

    citerior Hispania,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 57, 2; Cic. Att. 12, 37, 4; Nep. Cat. 2, 1; Plin. 3, 1, 2, § 6:

    Arabia,

    Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 213:

    Oceanus,

    Flor. 4, 12, 46:

    ripa,

    Vell. 2, 107, 1.—
    II.
    As that which is on this side is nearer to us than its opposite, lying near, near, close to.
    A.
    In space:

    (stella) ultima a caelo, citima terris,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16; id. Univ. 7 fin.:

    citima Persidis (sc. loca),

    Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 213. —
    2.
    Trop.:

    deduc orationem tuam de caelo ad haec citeriora,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 21, 34:

    quantā animi tranquillitate humana et citeriora considerat,

    id. Tusc. 5, 25, 71:

    ut ad haec citeriora veniam et notiora nobis,

    id. Leg. 3, 2, 4:

    nam citeriora nondum audiebamus,

    id. Fam. 2, 12, 1; Val. Max. 3, 8, 1; 9, 12, 6:

    citerioris vitae minister,

    private, domestic, Amm. 14, 1, 7.—
    B.
    In time (post-Aug.), earlier, sooner:

    Africano consulatus citerior legitimo tempore datus est,

    Val. Max. 8, 15, 1; 6, 3, 11:

    in antiquius citeriusve,

    Vell. 1, 17, 2:

    citeriore die (opp. longiore),

    Dig. 23, 4, 15.—
    C.
    In measure or degree, small, little:

    citerior tamen est poena quam scelus,

    Quint. Decl. 299; Val. Max. 8, 7, ext. 10.— Advv.: comp. cĭtĕrĭus, less:

    citerius debito resistere,

    Sen. Ira, 1, 16, 11; sup. cĭtĭmē, least, acc. to Prisc. p. 1016 P.—
    III.
    Hence,
    A.
    cī̆trā, adv. and prep. with acc., on this side, on the hither or nearer side (opp. to ultra; more freq. than cis, q. v.).
    1.
    Prop.
    (α).
    Adv.:

    (dextera) nec citra mota nec ultra,

    neither this way nor that, Ov. M. 5, 186; cf.:

    ultra citraque pervolare,

    Plin. 10, 23, 31, § 61:

    citra est Oglasa,

    id. 3, 6, 12, § 80; 6, 11, 12, § 30:

    citra fuere margines,

    id. 2, 17, 14, § 73.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    Germani qui essent citra Rhenum,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 32:

    is locus est citra Leucadem stadia CXX.,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 2; so,

    citra Veliam,

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    citra mare,

    Hor. S. 2, 8, 47:

    mare citra,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 31:

    citra flumen intercepti,

    Liv. 21, 48, 6:

    citra Tauri juga,

    id. 38, 48, 1 al. —

    With verbs of motion: ut exercitum citra flumen Rubiconem educeret,

    Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5:

    ut omnes citra flumen eliceret,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 8; Liv. 21, 54, 4; Hor. S. 1, 1, 106.—
    2.
    (Acc. to citer, II.) Of that which takes [p. 345] place, or is within a fixed boundary, and yet does not reach that boundary, within, beneath, short of, less than.
    (α).
    Adv.:

    non erit necesse id usque a capite arcessere: saepe etiam citra licet,

    not so far, Cic. Top. 9, 39:

    paucis citra milibus lignatores ei occurrunt,

    Liv. 10, 25, 4:

    citra quam proxime fuerint (defectus lunae),

    Plin. 2, 13, 10, § 86:

    citra exsultare,

    id. 17, 22, 35, § 180: tela citra cadebant (i. e. did not reach the Romans), Tac. H. 3, 23.—
    (β).
    With acc.:

    nec a postremā syllabā citra tertiam,

    before the third syllable, Cic. Or. 18, 58 (cf. Quint. 1, 5, 30: acuta intra numerum trium syllabarum continetur); id. 8, 6, 76:

    cur Veneris stella numquam longius XLVI. portibus ab sole... abscedant, saepe citra eas ad solem reciprocent,

    Plin. 2, 17, 14, § 72; 2, 17, 15, § 77.—
    b.
    Trop.
    (α).
    Adv. of measure:

    neve domi praesume dapes et desine citra Quam capias paulo,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 757; cf.:

    culta citra quam debuit illa,

    id. P. 1, 7, 55.—
    (β).
    With acc.: pronepos ego regis aquarum;

    Nec virtus citra genus est,

    is not behind my family, Ov. M. 10, 607:

    glans cum citra satietatem data est,

    not to satiety, Col. 7, 6, 5; cf. id. 9, 13, 2; so,

    fatigationem,

    Cels. 1, 2; cf. Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171:

    scelus,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 8, 23:

    citra necem tua constitit ira,

    id. ib. 2, 127:

    usus citra intellectum acrimoniae,

    Plin. 19, 8, 54, § 171. —
    c.
    In time (with acc. rare;

    perh. not anteAug.): citra Kalendas Octobris,

    Col. 2, 8, 3; cf. Gell. 12, 13:

    Trojana tempora,

    Ov. M. 8, 365:

    juventam,

    id. ib. 10, 84:

    temporis finem,

    Dig. 49, 16, 15.—
    3.
    Since the Aug. per. (most freq. in Quint. and Pliny the elder; in the former more than twenty times), in gen. of that which does not belong to, is without, or beyond something, without, aside from, apart from, except, without regard to, setting aside (for the class. sine, praeter; hence the Gloss.: aneu sine, absque, praeter, citra, Gloss. Cyr.; citra dicha, chôris, ektos, Gloss. Phil.); with acc.:

    citra hoc experimentum multa sunt, quae, etc.,

    Col. 2, 2, 20:

    plus usus sine doctrinā, quam citra usum doctrina valet,

    Quint. 12, 6, 4:

    Phidias in ebore longe citra aemulum,

    id. 12, 10, 9:

    vir bonus citra virtutem intellegi non potest,

    id. 12, 2, 1; so,

    accusationem,

    id. 7, 2, 26; 3, 8, 21; 7, 10, 3:

    tranare aquas citra docentem natura ipsa sciunt,

    id. 2, 16, 13:

    citra invidiam,

    Plin. 7, 29, 30, § 108:

    citra ullum aliud incommodum,

    id. 2, 51, 52, § 137:

    citra dolorem,

    id. 12, 17, 40, § 79; Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 4:

    morsum,

    Plin. 8, 38, 57, § 136:

    vulnus,

    id. 20, 21, 84, § 225 al.:

    citra fidem,

    Tac. Agr. 1:

    citra speciem aut delectationem,

    id. G. 16:

    citra Senatūs populique auctoritatem,

    Suet. Caes. 28:

    commoda emeritorum,

    id. Aug. 24:

    spem omnium fortuna cessit,

    Flor. 3, 1, 2:

    etiam citra spectaculorum dies,

    i.e. even out of the time of the established spectacles, Suet. Aug. 43:

    citra magnitudinem prope Ponto similis,

    excepting its size, Mel. 1, 19, 17; Tac. Agr. 10; Quint. 2, 4, 22; so id. 7, 2, 13; Dig. 3, 6, 9: lana tincta fuco citra purpuras placet, Ov. Fragm. ap. Quint. 12, 10, 75.—Citra sometimes follows its case, Hor. S. 1, 1, 107; 1, 10, 31.—
    B.
    cī̆trō, adv. (orig. dat. sing.), always in the connection and position ultro citroque, ultro et citro, ultro ac citro, or without copula ultro citro (not ultroque citroque), hither and thither, this way and that, here and there, to and fro, from both sides, backwards and forwards, reciprocally; Fr. par ci par là, ça et là (in good prose):

    ultro ac citro commeare,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 16:

    sursum deorsum, ultro citro commeantibus,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 84: ultro citroque commeare, Auct. B. Afr. 20; Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 104; * Suet. Calig. 19; Lucr. 4, 32:

    qui ultro citroque navigarent,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170:

    cursare ultro et citro,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60 (in Prisc. p. 1011 P., perh. only from memory written ultro citroque):

    bis ultro citroque transcurrerunt,

    Liv. 40, 40, 7 al.:

    cum saepe ultro citroque legati inter eos mitterentur,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 42; id. B. C. 1, 20; Liv. 5, 8, 6:

    multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9; cf. Liv. 9, 45, 2; 7, 9, 2:

    beneficiis ultro citro datis acceptisque,

    Cic. Off. 1, 17, 56:

    ut obsides ultro citroque darentur,

    Liv. 44, 23, 2:

    datā ultro citroque fide,

    id. 29, 23, 5:

    inplicati ultro et citro vel usu diuturno vel etiam officiis,

    Cic. Lael. 22, 85 Klotz N. cr.: alternatis ultro citro aestibus, Sen. Q. N. 4, 2, 29:

    ultro citroque versus,

    Amm. 30, 3, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > citer

  • 112 praetexo

    prae-texo, xŭi, xtum, 3, v. a., to weave before or in front, to fringe, edge, border.
    I.
    Lit. (mostly poet.):

    purpura saepe tuos fulgens praetexit amictus,

    Ov. P. 3, 8, 7:

    glaucas comis praetexere frondes,

    weave around, Val. Fl. 3, 436; Plin. 16, 1, 1, § 4:

    praetexit arundine ripas Mincius,

    Verg. E. 7, 12:

    litora curvae Praetexunt puppes,

    id. A. 6, 5:

    fontem violis, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olybr. 249: limina ramis, Rapt. Pros. 2, 320: ripam ulvis,

    Aus. Idyll. 10, 45:

    sicubi odoratas praetexit amaracus umbras,

    spreads over, Col. 10, 297.—In mid. force:

    utraeque nationes Rheno praetexuntur,

    border on the Rhine, Tac. G. 34.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    To place before or in front (syn.:

    praetendo, praepono): in his voluminibus auctorum nomina praetexui, Plin. praef. § 21: auctores quos praetexuimus volumini huic,

    id. 18, 25, 57, § 212:

    tibi maximus honor excubare pro templis, postibusque praetexi,

    i. e. that your statues stand before the temples, Plin. Pan. 52.—
    2.
    To border, to furnish, provide, or adorn with any thing: ex primo versu cujusque sententiae primis litteris illius sententiae carmen omne praetexitur, the whole poem is bordered (like an acrostic) with the initial letters from the first verse of every sentence (oracle), Cic. Div. 2, 54, 112: omnia quae aguntur acerrime, lenioribus principiis natura praetexuit, has provided with, etc., id. de Or. 2, 78, 317:

    praetexta quercu domus,

    Ov. F. 4, 953; 5, 567:

    summaque praetexat tenuis fastigia chartae, Indicet ut nomen, littera facta, meum,

    let my name be inscribed upon it, Tib. 3, 1, 11.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    To allege as an excuse, to pretend, to assign as a pretext (syn. causor):

    cupiditatem triumphi,

    Cic. Pis. 24, 56:

    nomina speciosa,

    Tac. H. 1, 72.—With acc. and inf.:

    ubicumque ipsi essent, praetexentes esse rempublicam,

    Vell. 2, 62, 3:

    Tigellinus T. Vinii potentia defensus, praetexentis, servatam ab eo filiam,

    Tac. H. 1, 72.—
    B.
    To cover, cloak, conceal, disguise with any thing:

    hoc praetexit nomine culpam,

    Verg. A. 4, 172:

    funera sacris,

    id. ib. 4, 500:

    fraudem blando risu,

    Claud. Ruf. 1, 99.—Hence, praetextus, a, um, P. a., clothed with or wearing the toga praetexta:

    praetextus senatus (for praetextā in dutus),

    Prop. 4 (5), 1, 11:

    pubes,

    Aus. Prof. 18, 7.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Toga praetexta, and (post-Aug.) absol.: praetexta, ae, f., the outer garment, bordered with purple, worn at Rome by the higher magistrates and by free-born children till they assumed the toga virilis, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 14, § 36; 2, 1, 44, § 113; id. Q. Fr. 2, 12, 2; Liv. 27, 37; 33, 42; Plin. 9, 39, 63, § 136; 33, 1, 4, § 10 et saep.: praetextā pullā nulli alii licebat uti, quam ei, qui funus faciebat, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.—Hence,
    b.
    praetexta, ae, f. (sc. fabula), a tragedy, because celebrated Romans (like Brutus, Decius, Marcellus) were represented in it:

    nostri vestigia Graeca Ausi deserere, et celebrare domestica facta, Vel qui praetextas vel qui docuere togatas,

    Hor. A. P. 286; Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3:

    praetextam legere,

    id. ib. 10, 32, 5.—
    2.
    praetextum, i, n.
    a.
    An ornament, as something wrought or fastened in front (post - Aug.):

    pulcherrimum reipublicae praetextum,

    Sen. Ep. 71, 9.—
    b.
    A pretence, [p. 1436] pretext, excuse (post-Aug.; cf.:

    species, simulatio): et praetextum quidem illi civilium armorum hoc fuit: causas autem alias fuisse opinantur,

    Suet. Caes. 30: ad praetextum mutatae voluntatis, under pretext or color of, id. Aug. 12:

    ipse Ravennam devertit praetexto classem alloquendi,

    under pretext, Tac. H. 2, 100:

    praetexto reipublicae,

    id. ib. 3, 80; Sen. Contr. 4, 25, 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > praetexo

  • 113 Ч-57

    НИ ПРИ ЧЁМ1 (тут, здесь) coll PrepP Invar subj-compl with бытыз)
    1. (subj: human or collect) a person or group is not involved in the matter at hand (often implies that the person or group in question is not guilty in the given matter)
    X (тут) ни при чём = X has nothing to do with it (at all)
    X doesn't come into it at all X plays no part in it (in limited contexts) itfs not Xfc fault (doing etc) X is not responsible (at fault etc).
    «Ах, вы считаете, что во всём виновата я? А ваш Виктор был ни при чём?» (Трифонов 4). "Ah, you consider me guilty for everything? And your Viktor had nothing to do with it?" (4a).
    «Что ты всё валишь на Андропова? Он вообще ни при чём» (Солженицын 2). "Why do you keep blaming Andropov for everything? He doesn't come into it at all" (2a).
    Софья Александровна... не может простить Советской власти высылки Саши. Но если даже это ошибка, то Советская власть здесь ни при чём, от ошибок не избавлена никакая власть (Рыбаков 2). Sofya Alexandrovna was...unable to forgive the Soviet regime for Sasha's exile. But even if that had been a mistake, the Soviet regime as such was not at fault, there wasn't a government in the world that did not make mistakes (2a).
    2. ( subj: concr or abstr) sth. has no relevance to the matter or topic at hand
    X (тут) ни при чём - X has nothing to do with it sth. (at all)
    X is irrelevant (unrelated, beside the point).
    ...(Мадлена) сочинила роман под названием «Клелия (Римская история)». Римская история была в нём, собственно, ни при чём. Изображены были под видом римлян видные парижане (Булгаков 5).... (Madeleine) composed a novel she titled Clelie, A Roman Story. Properly speaking, Rome had nothing to do with the story at all. Under the guise of Romans, the novel depicted eminent Parisians (5a).
    ( context transl) «Ты чего же -большевик?» - «Прозвище тут ни при чём... Дело не в прозвище, а в правде» (Шолохов 3). "What are you then-a Bolshevik?" "The name makes no difference....It's not the name that matters, but the truth" (3a).

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Ч-57

  • 114 renew

    rə'nju:
    1) (to begin, do, produce etc again: He renewed his efforts; We must renew our attack on drug abuse.) renovar
    2) (to cause (eg a licence) to continue for another or longer period of time: My television licence has to be renewed in October.) renovar
    3) (to make new or fresh or as if new again: The panels on the doors have all been renewed.) renovar
    •
    - renewal
    renew vb
    1. renovar
    2. reanudar
    tr[rɪ'njʊː]
    1 (gen) renovar; (contract, permit, etc) prorrogar
    2 (start again) reanudar
    3 (replace) sustituir, cambiar
    renew [ri'nu:, -'nju:] vt
    1) revive: renovar, reavivar
    to renew the sentiments of youth: renovar los sentimientos de la juventud
    2) resume: reanudar
    3) extend: renovar
    to renew a subscription: renovar una suscripción
    v.
    • reanudar v.
    • refrescar v.
    • renovar v.
    rɪ'nuː, rɪ'njuː
    a) \<\<hope/promise\>\> renovar*; \<\<efforts/friendship\>\> reanudar; \<\<library book\>\> renovar

    they renewed their attack on the Romans/minister — volvieron a atacar a los Romanos/a arremeter contra el ministro

    b) renewed past p renovado

    renewed outbreaks of rioting/violence — nuevos brotes de disturbios/violencia

    [rɪ'njuː]
    VT
    1) (=restore) renovar

    skin renews itself every 28 days — la piel se renueva or se regenera cada 28 días

    2) (=resume) [+ negotiations, relations] reanudar

    the storm renewed itself with a vengeance — la tormenta volvió aún peor, se recrudeció la tormenta

    to renew the attack — (Mil) volver al ataque

    to renew one's efforts (to do sth) — volver a esforzarse (por hacer algo), reanudar sus esfuerzos (por hacer algo) frm

    acquaintance
    3) (=extend date of) [+ contract, passport, subscription, library book] renovar; [+ lease, loan] renovar, prorrogar
    4) (=reaffirm) [+ promise, vow] renovar
    5) (=replace) [+ component] cambiar; [+ supplies] reponer
    * * *
    [rɪ'nuː, rɪ'njuː]
    a) \<\<hope/promise\>\> renovar*; \<\<efforts/friendship\>\> reanudar; \<\<library book\>\> renovar

    they renewed their attack on the Romans/minister — volvieron a atacar a los Romanos/a arremeter contra el ministro

    b) renewed past p renovado

    renewed outbreaks of rioting/violence — nuevos brotes de disturbios/violencia

    English-spanish dictionary > renew

  • 115 invade

    [in'veid]
    ((of an enemy) to enter (a country etc) with an army: Britain was twice invaded by the Romans.) invadere
    - invasion
    * * *
    [in'veid]
    ((of an enemy) to enter (a country etc) with an army: Britain was twice invaded by the Romans.) invadere
    - invasion

    English-Danish dictionary > invade

  • 116 do

    {du:}
    I. 1. v (did, done л. ед. ч. сег. вр. does, ост. doth, doeth, 2 л. ед. ч. сег. вр. ост. dost, 2 л. ед. ч. мин. вр. ост. didst) правя, върша, извършвам, изпълнявам, занимавам се с
    to DO well/brilliantly at something справям се с/изкарвам нещо добре/блестящо
    to DO one's military service служа/изкарвам военната си служба
    to DO one's hair правя си косата/прическа, сресвам се
    it isn't done това не е прието/позволено, така не бива (да се прави)
    it's quite commonly done това е нещо обикновено, така правят всички
    it's as good as done речено-сторено, все едно, че е направено, дадено
    it gives me something to DO това ми създава занимание, запълва ми времето
    what is to be done? какво да се прави? it cannot be done невъзможно е
    she did nothing but sleep тя само спеше
    what can I DO for you? с какво мога да ви услужа/да ви бъда полезен? какво обичате?
    2. причинявам, правя
    to DO someone good/harm полезен/вреден съм за някого, уча, следвам, решавам (задачи), занимавам се с
    to DO one's lessons уча си уроците
    to DO medicine/engineering следвам/уча медицина/инженерство
    to DO sums решавам задачи
    to DO repairs занимавам се с поправки, разтребвам, оправям, подреждам, почиствам, боядисвам, мия, измивам
    to DO a room разтребвам/боядисвам стая
    to DO the dishes мия/измивам чиниите
    3. излежавам (наказание в затвора)
    4. развивам (скорост)
    5. поставям (пиеса и пр.), играя (роля), правя се на
    to DO a Garbo правя се на Грета Гарбо, държа се като че ли съм Грета Гарбо
    to DO the affable правя се на много любезен
    6. оказвам, отдавам (вж. credit. favour, justice, service)
    7. разглеждам, посещавам (град, музей и пр.)
    8. готвя, пека
    9. храня, угощавам
    to DO oneself well угаждам си
    they DO you well at this hotel в този хотел хранят добре
    how much DO they DO you for? колко ви струва храната
    10. разг. измамвам, изигравам
    I'm afraid you've been done страхувам се, че са те измамили/метнали
    to DO someone out of задигам някому, изигравам някого с (дадена сума)
    to DO someone in the eye, to DO someone brown sl. жестоко измамвам някого
    to DO someone out of a job измествам някого от работа
    11. подхождам, подобавам, приличам
    this sort of work won't DO for him този вид работа не e за него
    that won't DO, that will never DO това e немислимо, така не може
    will I DO? добре ли съм така? аз мога ли да свърша тази работа? аз подходящ ли съм? that will DO достатъчно, стига, това е подходящо/удобно, това ще свърши работа
    it won't DO to tell him now не може/не бива да му казваме сега
    12. чувствувам се, карам я, вирея, преуспявам (обик. с наречия)
    the patient is DO ing well болният e добре/върви към подобрение
    we're DOing pretty well доста добре сме, добре я караме
    he will DO well (for himself) ще успее (в живота), ще се нареди, ще прокопса
    how DO you DO здравейте! добър ден! this plant won't DO in such soil това растение няма да вирее в такава почва
    he did well out of the bargain той спечели добри пари от сделката
    13. sl. преследвам съдебно, осъждам
    14. sl. имам полови връзки с
    15. в перфектни форми свършвам
    one more question and I am done още един въпрос и свършвам
    let's have done with it хайде да оставим това, стига вече по този въпрос
    haven't you done eating yet? още ли не сте свършили с яденето? be/have done хайде свършвай! стига! done! готово! съгласен съм! дай ръка
    16. за заместване на друг глагол, за да се избегне повторение-често не се превежда
    I replied as others had done отговорих, както бяха сторили и други
    he said he would go and he did каза, че ще отиде и отиде
    why act as you DO? защо постъпваш така? may I use your telephone? -please, DO мога ли да използувам телефона ви? да, моля, да, разбира се
    17. като спомагателен глагол в отр. и въпр. форма и при инверсия-не се превежда
    DO you like fish? обичате ли риба? he didn't see me той не ме видя
    don't tell him не му казвай
    he didn't tell you, did he? той не ти каза, нали? don't! недей! остави! well DO I remember the day добре си спомням деня
    18. за усилване наистина, действително, моля (ви се)
    I did like it наистина ми хареса
    DO sit down моля, седнете
    19. пред гл. в положителна форма, юр., ост. не се превежда
    charged that he did threaten to... обвинен в това, че заплашил да...
    all the earth doth worship the Lord цялата вселена слави бога
    to DO one's thing върша каквото ми e приятно
    to DO or die да победя или да умра, победа или смърт
    that's done it това вече препълни чашата, и това на всичко отгоре
    nothing DOing тая няма да я бъде/да стане, няма го майстора, такива да ги нямаме
    II. 1. нещо, работа
    2. sl. измама, мошеничество, разг. гости, прием, вечеринка, банкет, събитие
    рl дял, участие
    fair dos! ще делим по равно
    3. нареждане, заповед
    DOs and dont's правила за държане, позволеното и непозволеното
    III. n муз. до
    IV. вж. ditto
    * * *
    {du:} v (did {did}, done {d^n} л. ед. ч. сег. вр. does {d^z}(2) {du:} n (pl dos, do's) 1. нещо, работа; 2. sl. измама, мошенич{3} {dou} n муз. до.{4} {du:} вж. ditto.
    * * *
    чиня; Я; ставам; третиране; третирам; свършвам; отнасяне; правя; правене; вършене; работя; задоволявам се; завършвам;
    * * *
    1. 1 sl. имам полови връзки с 2. 1 sl. преследвам съдебно, осъждам 3. 1 в перфектни форми свършвам 4. 1 за заместване на друг глагол, за да се избегне повторение-често не се превежда 5. 1 за усилване наистина, действително, моля (ви се) 6. 1 като спомагателен глагол в отр. и въпр. форма и при инверсия-не се превежда 7. 1 подхождам, подобавам, приличам 8. 1 пред гл. в положителна форма, юр., ост. не се превежда 9. 1 чувствувам се, карам я, вирея, преуспявам (обик. с наречия) 10. all the earth doth worship the lord цялата вселена слави бога 11. charged that he did threaten to... обвинен в това, че заплашил да.. 12. do sit down моля, седнете 13. do you like fish? обичате ли риба? he didn't see me той не ме видя 14. don't tell him не му казвай 15. dos and dont's правила за държане, позволеното и непозволеното 16. fair dos! ще делим по равно 17. haven't you done eating yet? още ли не сте свършили с яденето? be/have done хайде свършвай! стига! done! готово! съгласен съм! дай ръка 18. he did well out of the bargain той спечели добри пари от сделката 19. he didn't tell you, did he? той не ти каза, нали? don't! недей! остави! well do i remember the day добре си спомням деня 20. he said he would go and he did каза, че ще отиде и отиде 21. he will do well (for himself) ще успее (в живота), ще се нареди, ще прокопса 22. how do you do здравейте! добър ден! this plant won't do in such soil това растение няма да вирее в такава почва 23. how much do they do you for? колко ви струва храната 24. i did like it наистина ми хареса 25. i replied as others had done отговорих, както бяха сторили и други 26. i'm afraid you've been done страхувам се, че са те измамили/метнали 27. i. v (did, done л. ед. ч. сег. вр. does, ост. doth, doeth, 2 л. ед. ч. сег. вр. ост. dost, 2 л. ед. ч. мин. вр. ост. didst) правя, върша, извършвам, изпълнявам, занимавам се с 28. ii. нещо, работа 29. iii. n муз. до 30. it gives me something to do това ми създава занимание, запълва ми времето 31. it isn't done това не е прието/позволено, така не бива (да се прави) 32. it won't do to tell him now не може/не бива да му казваме сега 33. it's as good as done речено-сторено, все едно, че е направено, дадено 34. it's quite commonly done това е нещо обикновено, така правят всички 35. iv. вж. ditto 36. let's have done with it хайде да оставим това, стига вече по този въпрос 37. nothing doing тая няма да я бъде/да стане, няма го майстора, такива да ги нямаме 38. one more question and i am done още един въпрос и свършвам 39. pl дял, участие 40. she did nothing but sleep тя само спеше 41. sl. измама, мошеничество, разг. гости, прием, вечеринка, банкет, събитие 42. that won't do, that will never do това e немислимо, така не може 43. that's done it това вече препълни чашата, и това на всичко отгоре 44. the patient is do ing well болният e добре/върви към подобрение 45. they do you well at this hotel в този хотел хранят добре 46. this sort of work won't do for him този вид работа не e за него 47. to do a garbo правя се на Грета Гарбо, държа се като че ли съм Грета Гарбо 48. to do a room разтребвам/боядисвам стая 49. to do medicine/engineering следвам/уча медицина/инженерство 50. to do one's hair правя си косата/прическа, сресвам се 51. to do one's lessons уча си уроците 52. to do one's military service служа/изкарвам военната си служба 53. to do one's thing върша каквото ми e приятно 54. to do oneself well угаждам си 55. to do or die да победя или да умра, победа или смърт 56. to do repairs занимавам се с поправки, разтребвам, оправям, подреждам, почиствам, боядисвам, мия, измивам 57. to do someone good/harm полезен/вреден съм за някого, уча, следвам, решавам (задачи), занимавам се с 58. to do someone in the eye, to do someone brown sl. жестоко измамвам някого 59. to do someone out of a job измествам някого от работа 60. to do someone out of задигам някому, изигравам някого с (дадена сума) 61. to do sums решавам задачи 62. to do the affable правя се на много любезен 63. to do the dishes мия/измивам чиниите 64. to do well/brilliantly at something справям се с/изкарвам нещо добре/блестящо 65. we're doing pretty well доста добре сме, добре я караме 66. what can i do for you? с какво мога да ви услужа/да ви бъда полезен? какво обичате? 67. what is to be done? какво да се прави? it cannot be done невъзможно е 68. why act as you do? защо постъпваш така? may i use your telephone? -please, do мога ли да използувам телефона ви? да, моля, да, разбира се 69. will i do? добре ли съм така? аз мога ли да свърша тази работа? аз подходящ ли съм? that will do достатъчно, стига, това е подходящо/удобно, това ще свърши работа 70. готвя, пека 71. излежавам (наказание в затвора) 72. нареждане, заповед 73. оказвам, отдавам (вж. credit. favour, justice, service) 74. поставям (пиеса и пр.), играя (роля), правя се на 75. причинявам, правя 76. развивам (скорост) 77. разг. измамвам, изигравам 78. разглеждам, посещавам (град, музей и пр.) 79. храня, угощавам
    * * *
    do [du:] I. v ( did [did]; done[dʌn]) 1. правя, върша, извършвам, свършвам, изпълнявам; занимавам се с; to \do o.'s military service отбивам военната си служба; to \do a portrait правя (рисувам) портрет; to \do the garden заемам се с градината; почиствам градината; to do o.'s hair вчесвам се, сресвам се; правя си прическа; this restaurant doesn't \do lunch on Sundays в този ресторант не предлагат обяд в неделя; it isn't done това не е позволено (обичайно); така не бива; that's done it това вече преля чашата, и това на всичко отгоре; it is as good as done речено-сторено; все едно, че е направено; дадено; имай го за свършено; it gives me s.th. to \do това ми създава занимавка; това ми запълва времето; what is to be done? какво да се прави? there is nothing to be done няма какво да се прави, не остава нищо друго; she did nothing but cry тя само плачеше; by so \doing по този начин; what ( how) \do you \do for bread? как се снабдявате с хляб? как стои при вас въпросът с хляба? I had much to \do in (с ger) не ми беше лесно да; \do what you will каквото и да правиш; to \do or die да победя или да умра; победа или смърт; \do-or-die air крайна (пълна) решимост; • when at Rome \do as the Romans \do с вълците - по вълчи; когато си в Рим, постъпвай така, както постъпват римляните; to \do o.' s own thing постъпвам типично в свой стил; върша това, което ми приляга (харесва); I could \do with a cup of coffee няма да ми се отрази зле едно кафе, не бих имал нищо против едно кафе; well done! браво! отлично! there is nothing \doing нищо не става; мъртвило е; nothing \doing! нищо не става! няма го майстора! да ги нямаме такива! такива не минават! nothing \doing under a thousand leva и пръста си не мърдам за по-малко от хиляда лева, не може да става дума за по-малко от хиляда лева; ( meat) well done добре опечено (месо); done ( to a turn) много добре опечено; to \do o.' s nut разг. побеснявам; избухвам; 2. причинявам, правя; to \do o.'s good полезен съм; 3. оказвам; to \do s.o. a favour правя някому услуга; 4. разглеждам; посещавам; to \do a picture gallery разглеждам картинна галерия; 5. угощавам, храня; отнасям се към; to \do o.s. well угаждам си; 6. стигам; достатъчен съм; върша работа; the meat won't \do for the two of us месото няма да стигне и за двама ни; 7. решавам, разрешавам (проблем, задача); 8. уча, следвам; 9. играя ( роля); представям ( пиеса); 10. движа се (с дадена скорост); вървя (за автомобил); this car will \do 120 mph тази кола вдига 120 мили в час; 11. извървявам, изминавам (разстояние); 12. изтощавам; измарям; 13. разг. измамвам, подхлъзвам, прекарвам, прецаквам, изигравам, излъгвам; I think you have been done мисля, че са те метнали (изиграли); to \do s.o. out of a job измествам някого от работата му; 14. подхождам, подобавам, приличам; that won't \do here на такова нещо не му е мястото тук; that will never \do това е немислимо (непоносимо); така не може; will I \do? добре ли съм така? that will \do достатъчно, стига; това е подходящо (удобно); it won't \do to play all day long не може да се играе цял ден; 15. чувствам се добре; справям се; поправям се; преуспявам; the patient is \doing well болният върви към подобрение; he is a lad who will \do well той е едно момче, което ще успее в живота, това момче има добро бъдеще; how \do you \do! здравей!; здрасти! trees will not \do in this soil дървета не могат да растат на такава почва; 16. (в перфектни форми) свършвам, приключвам, завършвам; one more question and I am done още един въпрос и свършвам; be more precise or we shall never have done бъди по-конкретен (точен), иначе никога няма да свършим; let us have done with it нека да свършим с това; нека да оставим това; haven't you done eating yet? още не си ли се наял? не си ли свършил вече с яденето? be done! хайде свършвай! done! готово! съгласен! дай ръка! (при пазарлък и пр.); 17. (за заместване на друг глагол с оглед да се избегне повторение) I replied as others have done отговорих, както бяха сторили и други хора; why act as you \do? защо действаш така? the church can be seen from afar, standing as it does on the cliff църквата може да се види отдалеч там горе на скалите; May I open these letters? Please \do! мога ли да отворя тези писма? - да, разбира се! they have always existed and \do so still те винаги са съществували и продължават да съществуват; 18. (като спомагателен глагол в отрицателни и въпросителни форми) he did not see me той не ме видя; did he not ( didn't he) see me? той не ме ли видя? \do not speak! не говори! \do you mind? имаш ли нещо против? (\do) you see? виждате (виждаш) ли? нали така? I like coffee, \do you? обичам кафе, а ти? you like him, don't you? ти го обичаш нали? don't! недей! остави! стига! 19. (за усилване) he threatened to go and he did go ( and go he did) той се закани, че ще отиде, и действително отиде; 20. (в юридически и църковен стил) all them earth doth worship Thee цялата вселена Те слави; charged that he did on the 11th of February utter threats обвинен в това, че на 11 февруари е произнесъл закани; 21. sl арестувам; 22. sl намирам за виновен в престъпление; 23. австр. разг. губя пари главоломно; банкрутирам; изчерпвам (ресурси, пари); 24. sl млатя; малтретирам; нападам; 25. sl друсам се, вземам наркотик; 26. имитирам; he can \do all his friends той може да имитира всичките си приятели; II. n разг. 1. нещо, работа; 2. правене, вършене; the \do's and \do nots of society позволеното и непозволеното в обществото; 3. отнасяне, третиране; отношение; 4. измама, мошеничество; 5. приемане гости, посрещане, прием; вечеринка; банкет; 6. шег. събитие; 7. pl участие; дял; 8. разпореждане, нареждане; заповед; 9. австр. sl успех. III. [dou] n муз. до.

    English-Bulgarian dictionary > do

  • 117 satur

    sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio),

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.:

    sopor quem satur aut lassus capias,

    Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit;

    saturis nihil geretur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

    cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3;

    so (with ebrius and crudus),

    Quint. 11, 3, 27:

    et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

    capellae,

    Verg. E. 10, 77:

    colonus,

    Tib. 2, 1, 23:

    histrio,

    Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—
    (β).
    With abl.:

    qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 8:

    quadrupedes suco ambrosiae,

    Ov. M. 2, 120:

    nepos anseris extis,

    Pers. 6, 71.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so,

    rerum (with plenus),

    Lucr. 3, 960:

    altilium,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.— Comp.:

    agnus saturior lactis,

    Col. 7, 4, 3.—
    B.
    Transf., of things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    1.
    Of color, full, deep, strong, rich:

    color,

    Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

    vellera saturo fucata colore,

    Verg. G. 4, 335:

    (purpura) quo melior saturiorque est,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12:

    vestes Tyrio saturae ostro,

    richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—
    2.
    In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile:

    praesepia,

    Verg. G. 3, 214:

    Tarentum,

    id. ib. 2, 197; cf.

    rus,

    Pers. 1, 71:

    auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes,

    Lucil. Aetn. 12:

    locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—
    * 3.
    Fatted, fat:

    aves paludis,

    Mart. 11, 52, 14.—
    II.
    Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare;

    perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet),

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    gestus,

    i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,
    A.
    Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly:

    lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro,

    Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.:

    hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc.,

    Lact. 1, 21, 13.—
    B.
    sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2:

    sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified:

    Satura jocabunda,

    Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > satur

  • 118 satyra

    sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio),

    Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.:

    sopor quem satur aut lassus capias,

    Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit;

    saturis nihil geretur,

    Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

    postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

    cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3;

    so (with ebrius and crudus),

    Quint. 11, 3, 27:

    et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

    capellae,

    Verg. E. 10, 77:

    colonus,

    Tib. 2, 1, 23:

    histrio,

    Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—
    (β).
    With abl.:

    qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 8:

    quadrupedes suco ambrosiae,

    Ov. M. 2, 120:

    nepos anseris extis,

    Pers. 6, 71.—
    (γ).
    With gen.:

    postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so,

    rerum (with plenus),

    Lucr. 3, 960:

    altilium,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.— Comp.:

    agnus saturior lactis,

    Col. 7, 4, 3.—
    B.
    Transf., of things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).
    1.
    Of color, full, deep, strong, rich:

    color,

    Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

    vellera saturo fucata colore,

    Verg. G. 4, 335:

    (purpura) quo melior saturiorque est,

    Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12:

    vestes Tyrio saturae ostro,

    richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—
    2.
    In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile:

    praesepia,

    Verg. G. 3, 214:

    Tarentum,

    id. ib. 2, 197; cf.

    rus,

    Pers. 1, 71:

    auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes,

    Lucil. Aetn. 12:

    locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus,

    Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—
    * 3.
    Fatted, fat:

    aves paludis,

    Mart. 11, 52, 14.—
    II.
    Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare;

    perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet),

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    gestus,

    i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,
    A.
    Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly:

    lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro,

    Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.:

    hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc.,

    Lact. 1, 21, 13.—
    B.
    sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2:

    sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified:

    Satura jocabunda,

    Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > satyra

  • 119 sinister

    sĭnister, tra, trum ( comp. sinisterior; sup. sinistimus, Prisc. pp. 605 and 607 P.; Fest. s. v. dextimum, p. 74; and s. v. sinistrae, p. 339 Müll.), adj. [etym. dub.; perh. from sinus (i. e. togae); cf. Pott, Etym. Forsch. 2, 555; the ending is a double comp. -is and -ter; cf.: magister, minister].
    I.
    Left, on the left, on the left hand or side (syn.:

    laevus, scaevus): manus sinistra (opp. dextra),

    Quint. 11, 3, 114:

    manus,

    Nep. Dat. 3; Quint. 11, 3, 159:

    bracchium,

    id. 11, 3, 141:

    latus,

    id. 11, 3, 99:

    numerus,

    id. 11, 3, 93; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 140:

    pes,

    id. 11, 3, 125; 11, 3, 159:

    cornu (opp. dextrum),

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 62; id. B. C. 2, 34; 3, 67 al.:

    pars,

    id. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

    angulus castrorum,

    id. ib. 3, 66:

    ripa,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 18:

    calceus,

    Suet. Aug. 92:

    tibia,

    Phaedr. 5, 7, 7 et saep.—As substt.
    1.
    sĭnistrum, i, n. (sc. latus), the left side:

    reicere a sinistro togam,

    Quint. 11, 3, 144; so,

    in sinistrum,

    id. 11, 3, 109; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 114; 11, 3, 135.—
    2.
    sĭnistra, ae, f. (sc. manus), the left hand, the left:

    sinistrā impeditā satis commode pugnare non poterant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 25; id. B. C. 1, 75 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 131; 11, 3, 160; Suet. Claud. 21; Ov. M. 12, 89 et saep.—Used in stealing:

    natae ad furta sinistrae,

    Ov. M. 13, 111; cf. Cat. 12, 1;

    hence, of a thief's accomplices: Porci et Socration, duae sinistrae Pisonis,

    id. 47, 1.—As bearing the shield and defending:

    idem (Afer) per allegoriam M. Caelium melius obicientem crimina quam defendentem, Bonam dextram, malam sinistram habere dicebat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 69 —
    B.
    Transf., the left side:

    cur a dextrā corvus, a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum?

    Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    aspicite a sinistrā,

    id. Phil. 6, 5, 12:

    aspice nunc ad sinistram,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38:

    sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

    miles dexterā ac sinistrā muro tectus,

    id. B. C. 2, 15; cf.:

    innumerabiles supra infra, dextrā sinistrā, ante post ejusmodi mundos esse,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125.— Rarely in plur.: sinistris repentino consilio Poetelii consulis additae vires (opp. dextra [p. 1708] pars), Liv. 9, 27, 9.— Comp.:

    in sinisteriore parte (= sinistrā),

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 34 Müll.; so, cornu (opp. dexterius), Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

    bracchium,

    Suet. Dom. 17:

    mamma,

    Cels. 4, 1 med.:

    equus funalis,

    Suet. Tib. 6 fin.:

    rota,

    Ov. M. 2, 139.— Sup., v. supra init. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Awkward, wrong, perverse, improper ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    mores,

    Verg. A. 11, 347:

    liberalitas,

    Cat. 29, 16:

    instituta (Judaeorum),

    Tac. H. 5, 5:

    natura (with prava),

    Curt. 7, 4, 10.—
    B.
    Unlucky, injurious, adverse, unfavorable, ill, bad, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    arboribus satisque Notus pecorique sinister,

    Verg. G. 1, 444:

    interpretatio,

    Tac. Agr. 5 fin.; cf.:

    sermones de Tiberio,

    id. A. 1, 74; so,

    sermones,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

    fama eo de homine,

    Tac. A. 6, 32; 11, 19; id. H. 1, 51 fin.:

    rumor lenti itineris,

    id. ib. 2, 93 fin.:

    diligentia,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 28, 3 et saep.:

    pugna Cannensis,

    Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 9:

    studii signa sinistra mei,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 64; v. also infra, C. fin. —With gen.:

    (Hannibal) fidei sinister,

    faithless, Sil. 1, 56 (cf.:

    pravos fidei,

    id. 3, 253).— Subst.: sĭnistrum, i, n., evil:

    (matrona) studiosa sinistri,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 257.—
    C.
    With respect to auspices and divination, acc. to the Roman notions, lucky, favorable, auspicious (because the Romans on these occasions turned the face towards the south, and so had the eastern or fortunate side on the left; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had it on their right; cf.

    dexter, II. 2.): ita nobis sinistra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, meliora. Quamquam haud ignoro, quae bona sint, sinistra nos dicere, etiam si dextra sint, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82; cf.:

    fulmen sinistrum auspicium optimum habemus ad omnes res praeterquam ad comitia,

    id. ib. 2, 35, 74 (with this cf. id. Phil. 2, 38, 99):

    liquido exeo foras Auspicio, avi sinistra,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 2; so,

    avi sinistra,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 72; cf.

    cornix,

    Verg. E. 9, 15:

    volatus avium,

    Plin. Pan. 5, 3:

    tonitrus,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 49.—Sometimes in the Greek sense (or in direct reference to the signif. B.), unlucky, unfavorable, inauspicious:

    di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,

    Ov. H. 13, 49:

    avibus sinistris,

    id. ib. 2, 115:

    sinistris auspiciis,

    Val. Max. 4, 7, 2 fin.:

    fulmen,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

    sinistram approbationem (opp. dextram),

    Cat. 45, 8 and 17;

    cf: sinistro pede proficisci,

    App. M. 1, p. 104, 23.—Hence, adv.: sĭnistrē, badly, wrongly, perversely:

    derisum semel exceptumque sinistre,

    Hor. A. P. 452:

    accipere,

    Tac. H. 1, 7; 3, 52 fin.:

    non tam sinistre constitutum est,

    Plin. Pan. 45, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sinister

  • 120 sinistrum

    sĭnister, tra, trum ( comp. sinisterior; sup. sinistimus, Prisc. pp. 605 and 607 P.; Fest. s. v. dextimum, p. 74; and s. v. sinistrae, p. 339 Müll.), adj. [etym. dub.; perh. from sinus (i. e. togae); cf. Pott, Etym. Forsch. 2, 555; the ending is a double comp. -is and -ter; cf.: magister, minister].
    I.
    Left, on the left, on the left hand or side (syn.:

    laevus, scaevus): manus sinistra (opp. dextra),

    Quint. 11, 3, 114:

    manus,

    Nep. Dat. 3; Quint. 11, 3, 159:

    bracchium,

    id. 11, 3, 141:

    latus,

    id. 11, 3, 99:

    numerus,

    id. 11, 3, 93; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 140:

    pes,

    id. 11, 3, 125; 11, 3, 159:

    cornu (opp. dextrum),

    Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 5; Caes. B. G. 7, 62; id. B. C. 2, 34; 3, 67 al.:

    pars,

    id. B. G. 2, 23; id. B. C. 2, 4 fin.:

    angulus castrorum,

    id. ib. 3, 66:

    ripa,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 18:

    calceus,

    Suet. Aug. 92:

    tibia,

    Phaedr. 5, 7, 7 et saep.—As substt.
    1.
    sĭnistrum, i, n. (sc. latus), the left side:

    reicere a sinistro togam,

    Quint. 11, 3, 144; so,

    in sinistrum,

    id. 11, 3, 109; 11, 3, 113; 11, 3, 114; 11, 3, 135.—
    2.
    sĭnistra, ae, f. (sc. manus), the left hand, the left:

    sinistrā impeditā satis commode pugnare non poterant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 25; id. B. C. 1, 75 fin.; Quint. 11, 3, 131; 11, 3, 160; Suet. Claud. 21; Ov. M. 12, 89 et saep.—Used in stealing:

    natae ad furta sinistrae,

    Ov. M. 13, 111; cf. Cat. 12, 1;

    hence, of a thief's accomplices: Porci et Socration, duae sinistrae Pisonis,

    id. 47, 1.—As bearing the shield and defending:

    idem (Afer) per allegoriam M. Caelium melius obicientem crimina quam defendentem, Bonam dextram, malam sinistram habere dicebat,

    Quint. 6, 3, 69 —
    B.
    Transf., the left side:

    cur a dextrā corvus, a sinistrā cornix faciat ratum?

    Cic. Div. 1, 39, 85:

    aspicite a sinistrā,

    id. Phil. 6, 5, 12:

    aspice nunc ad sinistram,

    Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38:

    sub sinistrā Britanniam relictam conspexit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8:

    miles dexterā ac sinistrā muro tectus,

    id. B. C. 2, 15; cf.:

    innumerabiles supra infra, dextrā sinistrā, ante post ejusmodi mundos esse,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 40, 125.— Rarely in plur.: sinistris repentino consilio Poetelii consulis additae vires (opp. dextra [p. 1708] pars), Liv. 9, 27, 9.— Comp.:

    in sinisteriore parte (= sinistrā),

    Varr. L. L. 9, § 34 Müll.; so, cornu (opp. dexterius), Galb. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 4:

    bracchium,

    Suet. Dom. 17:

    mamma,

    Cels. 4, 1 med.:

    equus funalis,

    Suet. Tib. 6 fin.:

    rota,

    Ov. M. 2, 139.— Sup., v. supra init. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Awkward, wrong, perverse, improper ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    mores,

    Verg. A. 11, 347:

    liberalitas,

    Cat. 29, 16:

    instituta (Judaeorum),

    Tac. H. 5, 5:

    natura (with prava),

    Curt. 7, 4, 10.—
    B.
    Unlucky, injurious, adverse, unfavorable, ill, bad, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    arboribus satisque Notus pecorique sinister,

    Verg. G. 1, 444:

    interpretatio,

    Tac. Agr. 5 fin.; cf.:

    sermones de Tiberio,

    id. A. 1, 74; so,

    sermones,

    Plin. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

    fama eo de homine,

    Tac. A. 6, 32; 11, 19; id. H. 1, 51 fin.:

    rumor lenti itineris,

    id. ib. 2, 93 fin.:

    diligentia,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 28, 3 et saep.:

    pugna Cannensis,

    Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 9:

    studii signa sinistra mei,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 7, 64; v. also infra, C. fin. —With gen.:

    (Hannibal) fidei sinister,

    faithless, Sil. 1, 56 (cf.:

    pravos fidei,

    id. 3, 253).— Subst.: sĭnistrum, i, n., evil:

    (matrona) studiosa sinistri,

    Ov. Tr. 2, 257.—
    C.
    With respect to auspices and divination, acc. to the Roman notions, lucky, favorable, auspicious (because the Romans on these occasions turned the face towards the south, and so had the eastern or fortunate side on the left; while the Greeks, turning to the north, had it on their right; cf.

    dexter, II. 2.): ita nobis sinistra videntur, Graiis et barbaris dextra, meliora. Quamquam haud ignoro, quae bona sint, sinistra nos dicere, etiam si dextra sint, etc.,

    Cic. Div. 2, 39, 82; cf.:

    fulmen sinistrum auspicium optimum habemus ad omnes res praeterquam ad comitia,

    id. ib. 2, 35, 74 (with this cf. id. Phil. 2, 38, 99):

    liquido exeo foras Auspicio, avi sinistra,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 2; so,

    avi sinistra,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 72; cf.

    cornix,

    Verg. E. 9, 15:

    volatus avium,

    Plin. Pan. 5, 3:

    tonitrus,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 49.—Sometimes in the Greek sense (or in direct reference to the signif. B.), unlucky, unfavorable, inauspicious:

    di, precor, a nobis omen removete sinistrum,

    Ov. H. 13, 49:

    avibus sinistris,

    id. ib. 2, 115:

    sinistris auspiciis,

    Val. Max. 4, 7, 2 fin.:

    fulmen,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 38, 99:

    sinistram approbationem (opp. dextram),

    Cat. 45, 8 and 17;

    cf: sinistro pede proficisci,

    App. M. 1, p. 104, 23.—Hence, adv.: sĭnistrē, badly, wrongly, perversely:

    derisum semel exceptumque sinistre,

    Hor. A. P. 452:

    accipere,

    Tac. H. 1, 7; 3, 52 fin.:

    non tam sinistre constitutum est,

    Plin. Pan. 45, 5.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > sinistrum

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