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1 ἄναλτος
ἄναλτος (A), ον,A not to be filled, insatiate,βόσκειν ἣν γαστέρ' ἄναλτον Od.17.228
, 18.364, cf. Cratin.382. (ἀ- priv., Αλ-τός, cf. Lat. alo, etc.)------------------------------------A not salted, Hp.Morb.2.54, Timocl.14.7, Din.Fr.89.7, Dsc.Eup.2.51.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἄναλτος
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2 ἧλιξ
A of the same age, καταίθουσα παιδὸς.. δαλὸν ἥλικ', of Meleager's torch, A.Ch. 608;δρῦς A.R.2.479
;Πηλῆος.. ἥ. χαίτην Tryph.637
: mostly in pl.,βόες.. ἥλικες ἰσοφόροι Od.18.373
;ἅλικες οἷα παρθένοι Pi.P.3.17
; ὦνδρες ἥ. Ar.V. 245;ὑφ' ἡλίκων νεανίδων Id.Th. 1030
(lyr.); ἐν ἅλικι χρόνῳ in equal time, B.7.45.2 Subst., fellow, comrade,οἱ ἥλικες Hdt.1.34
, 2.32;ἥλικές θ' ἥβης ἐμῆς A.Pers. 681
;τὸν ἥλικα τόνδε Ar.Ach. 336
codd. (sed leg. ὁμήλικα) μετὰ τῶν ἡ. Antipho 3.2.3; prov.,ἧλιξ ἥλικα τέρπει Pl.Phdr. 240c
, cf. Arist.EN 1161b34. (Fr. ϝᾶλιξ, cf. βαλικιώτης: compd. of swo- 'one's own' (cf. ϝός, Lat. suus) and - āli- 'size', 'growth' (cf. Lat. alo, aequ-āli-s, Gr. ὁμ-ᾶλι-ξ), with suffix - κ-.) -
3 ἀλδαίνω
ἀλδαίνω (root αλ, alo): make to grow; only aor. μέλἐ ἤλδανε ποιμένι λᾶῶν, ‘filled out’ his limbs. (Od.)A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἀλδαίνω
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4 ἀλδαίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `make grow, strengthen' (A.)Derivatives: ἀλδήσκω `grow' (Ψ 599), trans. (Theoc.).Etymology: ἀλδαίνω, ἤλδανε and ἀλδήσκω replace an unattested verb with - δ- from the root of ἄναλτος (q.v.); s. Schwyzer 702: c α + Nachtr. Cf. ἀλθαίνω. Lat. alō, Goth. alan `grow up'.Page in Frisk: 1,65Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλδαίνω
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5 ἄναλτος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `insatiable' (Od.).Other forms: Cf. ἄλτρον· μισθός H.; from `what garantees food'? (DELG)Etymology: Negative verbal adjective of the root seen in Lat. alo, OIr. alim, ON ala `feed', Goth. alands `τρεφόμενος, nourished', in Greek only in enlarged form: ἀλδαίνω, ἀλθαίνω(?) (s. vv.). Perhaps νεᾱλής `fresh, not tired' is form the same root (s.v.). - Skt. anala- `fire', supposed to be `the insatiable', is rather of Dravidian origin.Page in Frisk: 1,102Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄναλτος
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6 γίγνομαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `be born, become, arise' (Il.).Other forms: Ion. etc. γί̄νομαι (with assimilation and lengthening, Schwyzer 215), Thess. Boeot. γίνυμαι (innovation, Schwyzer 698), Cret. γίννομαι, aor. γενέσθαι, perf. γέγονα, γέγαμεν, γεγαώς, Med. (new) γεγένημαι, fut. γενήσομαι; recent Att. etc. γενηθῆναι and γενηθήσομαι; transitive s-aorist γείνασθαι (ep. etc., \< *γεν-σ-; s. Schwyzer 756 and Wackernagel Unt. 175), alo γεινόμεθα, - μενος (either for γί(γ)νομαι, Schwyzer 715, or for γεν- with metrical lengthening); athemat. root aorist ἔγεντο (Hes.; analog. innovation, s. Schwyzer 678f. m. Lit.)Compounds: - γνη-τος, e.g. κασί-γνη-τος `brother' (q.v.) and - γν-ος in νεο-γν-ός `newborn' (h. Hom.), with ιο- in ὁμό-γν-ιος `of the same origin'Derivatives: γένος ( γενικός, - γενής) and γόνος, γονή ( γονεύς `parent'). γενεά, Ion. -ή `lineage' (Il.; s. Chantr. Form. 91). γενέ-θλη (Il.) and γένε-θλον (A.) `id.' with γενέθλιος and γενεθλιακός, γενεθλίδιος, γενεθλίωμα, γενεθλιάζω. γενε-τή `birth' (Hom.); hypocor. Γενετυλλίς name of Aphrodite as protectress of birth (Ar.;). γένε-σις `birth, origin' (Il.). γέν-να(s. v.). - γενέ-τωρ (Ion. Dor.) and γενε-τήρ (Arist.) `begetter'; on the diff. s. Benveniste Noms d'agent 46; fem. γενέτειρα (Pi.) ; γενέ-της (Ion.); with γενέσια n. pl. `Parentalia' (Hdt.). - γνήσιος `of real birth' (Il.) from γνητός. ἴγνητες s.vv. ( γνωτός, - τή to γιγνώσκω).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [373] *ǵenh₁-, ǵonh₁-, ǵnh₁- `beget'Etymology: Old verb: redupl. pres. γίγνομαι = Lat. act. gignō `beget'; thematic aorist ἐγένετο = Skt. them. impf. ájanata (pres. jánate, -ti = lat. genit); perf. γέγονα = Skt. jajā́na. Nouns γένος (Skt. jánas-, Lat. genus) and γόνος (Skt. jána-); γενέτωρ, γενετήρ (IE *ǵenh₁-) = Lat. genitor, Skt. jánitar- and janitár-, γενέτειρα = Skt. jánitrī, Lat. genitrī-x; γένεσις but with zero grade Skt. jātí- `birth, family', Lat. nāti-ō, OE ( ge)cynd ; - γνητος (*ǵnh₁-tos); - γν-ος in compounds (with loss of the laryngeal) = e. g. Lat. prīvi-gn-us `born separately' = `stepchild', νεο-γν-ός: Goth. niu-kla-hs `as a child' (\< *- kna- \< IE. *-ǵnh₁-o- dissimilated), also in NPhr. ουεγνω (*sue-ǵnh₁-o-); - γν-ιος in ὁμόγν-ιος = Gaul. Abe-gnia. - Many forms from different languages, s. Pok. 373ff.Page in Frisk: 1,307-308Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γίγνομαι
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7 δηρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `lasting long'(Il.)Other forms: dor. δᾱρός, mostly δηρόν, δᾱρόν as adv. `long'. On the use Björck Alpha impurum 126, 208, 210).Etymology: To δήν, δ(Ϝ)ά̄ν from *δϜᾱ-ρός. (Not to Arm. erkar `lasting long'; s. Kortlandt, Armeniaca 92f.). The same root form in Hitt. tuu̯a adv. `far', tuu̯ala- adj. `far from' (Benveniste BSL 33, 142f.). Another form in Skt. comp. dávīyān `further' (*deu̯h₂-) with analogical superlativ dáviṣṭha-. with zero grade in OP. duvaištam, Av. dbōištǝm `diutissime'; alo in Arm. tev-em `hold out'. Zero grade also in Skt. dū-rá- `far', Lat. dū-dum `(already) long' a. o. - See Pok. 219f.Page in Frisk: 1,382-383Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δηρός
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8 ἐπίσταμαι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `be assured, know how'(Il.), also `believe' (Heraklit., Hdt.), first intr. as in ἐπιστάμενος μεν ἄκοντι Ο 282.Other forms: Fut. ἐπιστήσομαι (Il.), Aor. ἠπιστήθην (Hdt., att.)Compounds: Also with prefix, e. g. ἐξ-, συν-επίσταμαι.Derivatives: ἐπιστήμων `knowing about, expert' (Od.) with ἐπιστημονικός `of the ἐπιστήμων', usu. `belonging to knowing, to knowledge' referring to ἐπιστήμη (Arist.), ἐπιστημοσύνη (Xenokr.); also ἐπίστημος (Hp.; Chantraine Formation 152); denomin. verbs, both rare and late: ἐπιστημονίζομαι (Al.), ἐπιστημόομαι (Aq.) `become ἐπ.'. - ἐπιστήμη `understanding, knowing, knowledge' (Ion.-Att.; on the history of the meaning Snell Die Ausdrücke für die Begriffe des Wissens 81ff.); the - η- of the derivatives was favored by the adj. in - ήμων, resp. by μνή-μη, φή-μη (Chantraine 173, 148; Schwyzer 522); thus in the verbal adjective. - ἐπιστητός `what can be understood, scienticically accessible' (Pl., Arist.).Etymology: From *ἐπι-hίσταμαι with early loss of the breath and vowel contraction (resp. hyphäresis), Wackernagel KZ 33, 20f. = Kl. Schr. 1, 699f. Through the meaning development (*`stand before something' \> `be confronted with sth., take knowledge of sth.'?; first of practical professions, Bréal MSL 10, 59f., thus OHG firstān, OE forstandan; acc. to Fraenkel REIE 2, 50ff. `be on the track of, discover'; s. alo Snell l. c.) ἐπίσταμαι was also formally separated from ἵσταμαι, what lead already in Homer to a new ἐφ-ίσταμαι `stand at'. - Acc. to others old fomation without reduplication (lit. in Schwyzer 675 n. 2), after Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 3, 160 from an aorist ἐπι-στάμενος, - σταίμην newly formed.Page in Frisk: 1,542-543Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἐπίσταμαι
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9 ζα
ζαGrammatical information: `very'Meaning: mostly strengthening in ep. compp. like ζαής (s. v.), ζά-θεος `very godlike, saint', ζά-κοτος `very angry', Ζά-λευκος PN.Other forms: Aeolic form of διά,Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: While for ζα- under unknown conditions δα- occurs, we find through inverse writing (or pronunciation?) also ζα- for expected δα-, e. g. in ζά-πεδον for δά-πεδον, ζα-κόρος for *δα-κόρος, prob. alo in ζακρυόεις; s. v. - Schwyzer 330f., Schwyzer-Debrunner 449, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 169; further Risch Mus. Helv. 3, 255 n. 2.Page in Frisk: 1,606Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζα
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10 κάνναβις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `hemp, Cannabis sativa' (Hdt., S., Dsc., Gal.).Other forms: Also κάνναβος (Poll. 10, 176).Derivatives: καννάβιον `id.' (Ps.-Dsc., Gp.), κανναβίς, - ίδος f. `dress of hemp', pl. `hemp seeds, which are burnt and used at a steam-bath' (Hdt., Ephipp. Com.); from there κανναβισθῆναι πρὸς την κάνναβιν ἐξιδρῶσαι καὶ πυριασθῆναι H.; κανναβίσκα n. pl. `hemp-shoes' (Herod. 7, 58); καννάβινος `from hemp, hemp-like' (AP); κανναβάριος member of a professional organisation = stupparius (Ephesos, Gloss.; Wahrmann Glotta 22, 42f.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Orient.Etymology: Loan of unknown eastern origin, perhaps Scythian or Thracian (Hdt. 4, 74f.); cf. alo Sumer. kunibu `hemp'. From κάνναβις Lat. cannabis; the word reached the Germans (OE. hoenep, OHG hanaf etc.) before Grimm's law. Cf. Vasmer s. konopljá (1, 615); s. also W.-Hofmann s. cannabis, Pisani Sprache 1, 138. - Fur. 343 connects κόμβος, on insufficient groundsPage in Frisk: 1,779Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κάνναβις
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11 κεκαφηότα
Grammatical information: ptc.Meaning: The meaning in later authors `exhausted, tired' is also found in Homer ( θυμόν); cf. Nehring ClassPhil. 42, 113ff.Other forms: ptc. perf. act. m. sg. (Ε 698, ε 468); in later Epic (Opp., Nonn.) with γυῖα, δέμας or absolute; alo - ηότας (Nonn.) and - ηότι (θυμῳ̃, ταρσῳ̃; Opp., AP).Etymology: Already Kuhn KZ 1, 137 connected the ind. κέκηφε τέθνηκεν H.; on the ptc. in - ηώς Schwyzer 770, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 428. Further connections are hypothetical: to ἐκάπυσσεν ( ψυχήν Χ 467), ἐγκάπτει ἐκπνεῖ H. etc. (s. καπνός); to κηφήν, κωφός (Bezzenberger BB 5, 313, Solmsen Wortforsch. 123, Bechtel Lex. s. v.).Page in Frisk: 1,812Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κεκαφηότα
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12 κορέννυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `satiate, fill, be satiated' (ep. Ion.).Other forms: - μαι (Them., Orph.), κορέω, κορέσκω (Nic.), κορίσκομαι (Hp.), aor. κορέσ(σ)αι, - ασθαι (Il.), pass. κορεσθῆναι (Od.), perf. ptc. Act. (intr.) κεκορηώς (Od.), ind. midd. κεκόρημαι (Il.), κεκόρεσμαι (X.), fut. κορέω (Il.), κορέσω (Hdt.),Compounds: Rarely with ὑπερ- (Thgn., Poll.), ἀπο- (Gloss.). As 2. member in ἄ-κορος `unsatiable, untiring' (Pi.) with ἀκορία `unsatiated condition, moderation' (Hp.), `unsatiability' (Aret.). διά-, κατά-, πρόσ-, ὑπέρ-κορος `satiated etc.' (IA.); also as σ-stam and with verbal redefinition (Schwyzer 513) ἀ-, δια-, προσ- κορής with προσ-κορίζομαι `vex, annoy' (sch.). As privative also ἀ-κόρη-τος (Il.), ἀ-κόρε(σ)-τος (trag.). - Quite uncertain Αἰγι-κορεῖς pl. m. with Αἰγικορίς f. name of one of the old Ionic phylai (E., inscr.; cf. Hdt. 5, 66), s. Nilsson Cults 147 and Frisk ibd.Derivatives: Wiht lengthened grade κώρα ὕβρις H. (v. Blumenthal Hesychst. with Lobeck). To κόρος ( κοῦρος, κῶρος) `youth' and κόρη `young girl' s. esp. κόρος m. `satiaty, be satiated, surfeit, insolence' (Il.);Origin: IE [Indo-European] [577] *ḱerh₁- `fodder, (let) grow'Etymology: The starting point of the whole paradigm is clearly the aorist κορέσαι, - ασθαι, to which the other forms were successively added: pass. κορε-σ-θῆναι (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 406), perf. κεκόρημαι, - εσμαι (Schwyzer 773), fut. κορέω, - έσω, lastly also the different, sparsely attested presents κορίσκομαι, κορέω, - έσκω, - έννυμι. The verb was prob. orig. because of the perfective aspect limited to the aorist; for an old present *κόρνυμι (Schwyzer 697; as στόρνυμι) there is no support. - The ο-vowel, which is found also in στορέσαι, with the same building, and in θορεῖν, μολεῖν, πορεῖν, is not convincingly explained (attempts in Schwyzer 360f. and Sánchez Ruipérez Emerita 18, 386ff.); with the disyllabic κορέ-σαι agrees elsewhere acute Lith. šér-ti `fodder' (from *ḱerh₁-), with which one connected the old s-stem in Lat. Cerēs `goddess of the growth of plants', and also Arm. ser `origin, gender, offspring' (IE. *ḱéros n. transformed to an o-stem). - The other forms, e. g. Lat. creō `create', crēscō `grow', Arm. sermn `seed', Alb. thjer `acorn', prop. "fodder" (Pok. 577, W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. Cerēs, creō), are unimportant for Greek. - With the meanings `satiate, fodder, let grow', cf. the similar meanings of Lat. alō.Page in Frisk: 1,918-919Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κορέννυμι
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13 κρόκος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `saffron, Crocus sativus' (since Ξ 348).Compounds: Compp., e.g. κροκό-πεπλος `with saffroncoloured cloth' (Il.; Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 244 a. 258, Capelle RhM 101, 1ff. ; 9).Derivatives: Esp. colour-adjective: κρόκεος `saffroncoloured' (P. [v. l. - όεις], E. in lyr.), -ήϊος `id' (h. Oer. 178; metr. conditioned; Schmid - εος u. - ειος 48, Zumbach Neuerungen 14), - όεις `id.' (Tyrt., Sapph., E., Ar.; Treu 268); κρόκινος `of saffron, s-coloured' (Stratt., hell.), - ώδης `id.' (Dsc., medic.), - ηρός `of saffron' (Gal.; after οἰνηρός etc. ; Chantraine Formation 233) ; κροκίας m. `saffron-yellow stone' (Plu. ; as καπνίας etc.; Chantraine 94) ; κροκω-τός `saffron-yellow (Pi.), m. `saffron cloth' (corn., Att. inscr.) with - ώτιον (Poll.), - ωτίδιον (Ar.), - ώτινος (pap.); κροκών m. `saffron-bed' (Hdn.); κροκᾶτον n. `saffron-yellow pergament' ( Edict. Diocl. Asin.; from Lat. crocātus, s. below). -- Denomin. verbs: κροκίζω `be saffron-like' (Dsc., Plu.), κροκόομαι (κισσῳ̃) `be surrounded with saffroncoloured ivy' (AP).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Sem.Etymology: Identical with the Semitisc word for `saffron', e.g. Akkad. kurkanū, Arab. kurkum, Hebr. karkōm, and with Skt. kuṅku-mam `id.' (MInd. for * kurkuma-); origin further unknown; cf. the mountain Κώρυκος (Cilicia) famous for its saffron? - From κρόκος Lat. crocus, also crocōta f. `saffron- cloth' (from κροκωτός) and crocōtinum `saffron cake' (: κροκώτινος); Lat. innovation crocātus `saffron-yellow' (\> gr. κροκᾶτον, s. above). -- Lewy Fremdw. 48, Schrader-Nehring Reallexikon 2, 270f., Grimme Glotta 14, 19; alo Mayrhofer KEWA s. kuṅkumam. - Another word is κάγκαμον, s. v.Page in Frisk: 2,23Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κρόκος
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14 μέσαβον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `strap, fixing the plough-beam to the middle of the yoke' - ος? Hes. Op. 469 in gen. pl. - ων, pl. μεσσαβα (Call.); μεσάβοιον, v.l. - ό- (Poll. 1, 252).Other forms: See below.Derivatives: μεσσαβόω `put (to the horses)' (Lyc.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Hypostasis from (ἐν) μέσῳ βοῶν `in the middle between the oxen' with thematic reshaping as in ἑκατόμ-βη ( μεσάβοιον after ἐννεάβοιον a.o.); though with unexplained - α- for - ο-. So μεσα- for μετα- ( μετὰ βοῶν)? doubting Schwyzer 438 n. 4; morphologically acceptable. - But cf. also μέσοψ `strip', μεσόπα ἱμάντα τὸν περὶ τὸν ζυγὸν καὶ τὸ ἄροτρον δεδεμένον H.; also μεσσαῖον τό ὑπὸ τοὺς τραχήλους ὑποτιθέμενον H.(?); alo μεσάτιον ( μεσάντιον I Reg 17, 7); note also σ(σ). Fur. 107, 148, 149; so the word is Pre-Greek.Page in Frisk: 2,212-213Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μέσαβον
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15 μήν 2
μήν 2Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `month' (Il.), also `moon-sickle (Ion., Ar., Att. inscr., Thphr.).Compounds: Compp., e.g. μηνο-ειδής `with the form of a moonsickle' (IA.), PN Μηνό-δωρος, also μηνί-αρχος, - άρχης m. `monthly commander' (pap. IVa; after ταξί-αρχος a. o.); ἠλιτό-μηνος `missing the month' (T118; cf. s. v.), ἐπι-μήν-ιος `lasting a month, montly' (IA.; hypostasis); on - μην- as 2. member Sommer Nominalkomp. 55ff.Derivatives: μήν-η `month' (Il.; like σελήνη, cf. Güntert Reimwortbildungen 220, Risch $35d), - άς `id.' (E.); μην-ίσκος m. `moonsickle', esp. name of several moonsickle-formed objects (Ar., Arist.); μην-ιαῖος `a month old, monthly' (Hp., LXX, pap.), - ιεῖος `monthly' (hell. pap.; Chantraine Form. 49 u. 53), μην-αῖος `belonging to the month' (Orac. ap. Lyd. Mens.; prob. from μήνη); μηνιαστεία f. `monthly achievement' (pap. IIIp), but cf. Μηνιασταί m. pl. ` adorers of Μήν' (Rhodos); μήνιον n. plantname, `peony' (Ps.-Dsc.), for the astrological use, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 133.Etymology: From the Aeol. cas. obl., gen. μῆνν-ος for *μηνσ-ος etc., arose an analog. nom. *μηνς, from which with vowelshortening *μενς, through loss of the nasal and comp. lengthening μείς, resp. μής. To μην-ός etc. (with simplification of the νν) arose μήν, after Ζηνός: Ζεύς El. μεύς. -- Beside the obl. stem *μηνσ- \< IE * mēns- there was originally in the nom. a disyllabic * mēnōs- with lengthened grade or (with alternating -t-) * mēnōt-, from which came Lith. mė́uo `moon, month', Germ., e.g. Goth. menoÞs `month'. The disyllabic form (with full grade) is seen alo in Lith. mė́es-is `month'. On monosyllabic * mēns- are based both Lat. mens-is (gen. pl. mens-um) as (with loss of the -n-) Skt. mās- `moon, month'. The development of the calendrical meaning `month' was accompanied by the creation of new expressions for `monyh' ( σελήνη, luna etc.). Original connection with meh₁-'measure' (s. μῆτις) because of the role of the moon as time-measure is quite possible. -- Further forms WP. 2,271f., Pok. 731f., W.-Hofmann s. mēnsis, Fraenkel s. meṅ́uo, Scherer Gestirnnamen 61 ff.. On the Greek forms Schwyzer 279f., 286, 515 w. n. 5, 569, Leumann Hom. Wörter 288 n. 41.Page in Frisk: 2,227-228Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μήν 2
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16 νεᾱλής
νεᾱλήςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `fresh, powerful, rested' (Ar. Fr. 361, Pl., X.. D.).Other forms: - ᾰλής Nic.Origin: GR [a formation built with Greek elements]Etymology: Prop. "newly fed, newly grown (up)", *νεο-αλ-ής, compound of νέος and the root of an old verb `feed, nourish' preserved in ἄν-αλ-τος (s.v.), cf. Lat. alō etc.) with compositional lengthening and suffix - ής (cf. Schwyzer 513). Slightly different Prellwitz s.v.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νεᾱλής
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17 ὀλιγηπελέων
Grammatical information: adj. (ptc.)Etymology: From ὀλιγ-ηπελής (AP, Opp.) metr. enlarged (Schwyzer 724, Leumann Hom. Wörter 116 n. 83, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349). From there ὀλιγηπελ-ίη f. `weakness, impotence' (ε 468). Thus εὑηπελ-ίη f. `strength, thriving' (Call.: εὑηπελής H.), opposite κακηπελ-ίη, - έων (Nic.); also ἀνηπελίη ἀσθένεια H. and νηπελέω = ἀδυνατέω (Hp.). Since Düntzer KZ 13, 17 f. ( ὀλιγ)-ηπελής is derived from a noun *ἄπελος n. `strength' (with comp. lengthening; Schwyzer 447) and connected with Germ., e.g. OWNo. afl, OE afol n. `strength'; here alo El. (Illyr.?) PN Τευτί-απλος, Illyr. PN Mag-aplinus etc. As however the Germ. words on the other hand must be connected with Lat. ops, opus etc., the Gr. ἀ- would be unclear. -- Here still the denominative ἀν-απελάζω in ἀναπελάσας ἀναρρωσθείς H. -- Details w. further lit. in Bechtel Lex. s. v., WP. 1, 176, Pok. 52, W.-Hofmann s. epulum and ops. Cf. also on νήπιος. - This leads to the reconstruction * h₂pel- (with νηπελ-έω \< *n̥-h₂pel-); the connection with Lat. ops may have to be abandoned.Page in Frisk: 2,377Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀλιγηπελέων
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18 ὄνυξ 2
ὄνυξ 2., - υχοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: name of a precious stone, `onyx' (Ctes., LXX).Derivatives: ὀνύχιον n. `kind of onyx' (Thphr., LXX), - ιος adj. (Suid.),- ίτης m., - ῖτις f. ( λίθος) `onyx-like stone' (Str., Dsc.; Redard 58), - ινος `made of o., onyx-coloured' (hell.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Perh. identical with ὄνυξ `nail', because of its white glance as of a fingernail (Schramm P.-W. 18: 1, 535); or only folketymologically adapted foreign word? -- Untenable Sem. etymologies by Lewy Fremdw. 58 (doubting or rejecting); s. alo Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 212.Page in Frisk: 2,399Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὄνυξ 2
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19 ὅρκος
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: `oath' (Il.), `object to swear by', orig. of the water of the Styx (Β 755, Hes., h. Cer. 259).Compounds: Compp., e.g. ὁρκ-ωμότης m. `who takes an oath' (Arc., Locr. inscr. VI--Va) with ὁρκωμοτ-έω `to take an oath' (trag. a.o.), compound of ὅρκον ὀμόσαι with τη-suffix; εὔ-ορκος `swearing rightly, faithful to one's oath' (Hes.) with εὑορκ-έω, ἔν-ορκος `bound by oath' (Att.) with ἐνορκ-ίζομαι `to bind by oath'; but ἔξορκος `sworn' (Pi.) backformation from ἐξ-ορκόω, - ορκίζω; on ἐπί-ορκος s. v.; πεντορκ-ία f. "taking of five oaths", `oath by five gods' (Locr. Va), with ία-suffix.Derivatives: 1. ὅρκια pl., rarely - ιον n. `objects to swear by, oath pledge, animals sacrificed for an oath, oath, solemn treaty' (Il.), ὅρκιος `belonging to an oath, sworn by' (Att., Leg. Gort.). 2. ὁρκικός `belonging to an oath' (Stoic.). 3. ὁρκόω, - ῶσαι, often w. ἐξ-, `to make one swear, to put under oath' (IA.) with ὁρκώματα pl. `oath' (A.), ὁρκωτής m. `who makes swear, who puts one under oath' (Att.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 199 f.), ἐξόρκω-σις f. `swearing, adjuration' (Hdt., J.). 4. ὁρκίζω, - ίσαι, Dor. fut. ὁρκιξεω (Delph.), also w. δι-, ἐξ-, `to make one swear, to adjure, to administer an oath' (Ion., X., D., hell., also Dor., s. Fraenkel Denom. 86 a. 147) with ὁρκίσματα pl. `adjurations' (Megara I--IIp), ( δι-, ἐξ-)-ὁρκισμός m. `swearing, adjuration' (LXX, Plb.), ἐξορκισ-τής m. `exorcist' ( Act Ap.). 5. ὁρκίλλομαι `to swear in vain' (Phot.), as if from dimin.-pejor. *ὁρκίλος. 6. - ορκέω only in derivv. from compp. with analogical formations: εὑορκ-έω (with εὑορκ-ία) from εὔ-ορκος(s. above), ψευδορκ-έω from ψεύδ-ορκος (Risch IF 59, 258), with ἐμπεδ-, ἀληθ-, δυσ-, παρ-ορκέω a.o.; on ἐπι-ορκέω s. v. -- On itself stands, with quite diff. meaning ὁρκάνη f. `enclosure' (A., E.) beside late ἑρκάνη as Όργάνη beside Έργάνη (s. on ὄργανον and ἔργον); cf. also Ο῝ρκατος PN (Calymna IIa), s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 147.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Formally ὅρκος seems to be connected with ἕρκος `fence' (thus already Eust. a. EM); it would be then prop. so much as "bound(s), which one assumes" (Solmsen KZ 32, 275), "limitation, tie, obligation"; such a meaning is indeed found in ὅρκοι δεσμοὶ σφραγῖδος H. [or read *σφραγῖδες?] ; cf. also ὁρκάνη. A convincing argumentation however must still be found. Several attempts by Schroeder (in WP. 2, 528): ὅρκος prop. "fastening" beside ἕρκος "obstruction"; by Luther "Wahrheit" und "Lüge" 90ff. (s. also Weltansicht und Geistesleben 86 ff.): ὅρκος prop. a magical power, that pales in the swearer (*ἕρκει); by Bollack REGr. 71, 1ff.: ὅρκος orig. = Στύξ, taken as worldembracing fence ( μέγας ὅρκος); s. also Hiersche ibd. 35 ff. -- New etymology by Leumann Hom. Wörter 91 f.: ὅρκος = Lat. * sorcus or * surcus in surculus `twig' (diff. on surculus [: surus `twig'] e.g. W.-Hofmann s.v.); so prop. `the staff, which is raised when swearing'; ὄμνυμι `swear' prop. *'grasp'; ὅρκον ὀμόσαι `grasp the staff' ( θεοὺς ὀμόσαι imitation). Criticism by Luther, Bollack a. Hiersche l.c.; cf. also Benveniste Vocab. institutions 2, 165ff. cf. alo the lit. on ὄμνυμι. Further s. ἕρκος.Page in Frisk: 2,418-419Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὅρκος
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20 πολύς
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `much, many, often' (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member very productive, e.g. πολύ-τροπος `much-wandering, much-turned, wily' (of Odysseus, Hermes a.o.; Od., h. Merc.), `many-shaped' (Th.); on the meaning Kakridis Glotta 11, 288 ff.; on the πολυ-compp. in Hom. in gen. Stanford ClassPhil. 45, 108ff.; besides rarely πολλα-, e.g. πολλα-πλάσιος, - πλήσιος `manifold' (IA.), as δεκα-πλάσιος, πολλά-κις a.o.; s. also δι-πλάσιος. Compar. a. superl. πλείων, πλέων, πλεῖστος (from * pleh₁-is-to-), s. v.; innovation πόλιστος (Tab. Heracl.), s. Seiler Steigerungsformen 61.Derivatives: πολλότης f. `plurality' (Damasc.), πολλ-οστός "the manieth", `one of many, small' (Att.; after εἰκοστός a. o.), - άκις (ep. lyr. also - κι) `often' (Il.; like δεκά-κις a.o.; explanation uncertain, s. Schwyzer 299 a. 597) a. o.Etymology: Beside πολύς, -ύ stand the zero grade Skt. purú- `many' (IE *pl̥h₁ú-) and the full grade Celt., e.g. OIr. il `many', and Germ., e.g. Goth. OHG filu `many' (IE * pelh₁u-). For the full grade forms orig. subst. function is most prob. ("quantity, mass, fullness"); opposed is the certain zero grade Skt. adj. purú-; one would like to assume zero grade also for πολύς (so for *παλύς? Schmidt KZ 32, 382, Specht KZ 59, 111 w. diff. explanations; cf. also πόλις). -- The geminated πολλο-, πολλᾱ- agree with the (semant.) close μεγα-λο-, -λᾱ- and could be explained by loss of a syll. from *πολυ-λο-, -λᾱ-. More in Schwyzer 265 w. lit. a. discussion of other interpretations; on the inflection etc. Schwyzer 584. The word for `many' is a very old deriv. of the verb for `fill' (s. πίμπλημι). -- WP. 2, 64f., Pok. 800, W.-Hofmann s. plūs, Mayrhofer s. purú- w. further forms a. lit.Page in Frisk: 2,577-578Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πολύς
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