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1 θεο-μηνία
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2 θεομηνία
θεο-μηνία, ἡ, Götterzorn -
3 κότος
Grammatical information: m.Compounds: Often as 2. member, e. g. ἔγ-κοτος `grudging' (A.; bahuvrihicomp.) with the denomin. ἐγκοτ-έω `be full of grudging' (A.); and ἐγκότημα, - ησις (LXX) and, as backformation, ἔγκοτος (Hdt.) `id.' (diff. on ἔγκοτος Strömberg Prefix Studies 116); also ἐγκότιος adj. (Salamis on Cyprus).Derivatives: κοτήεις `grudging' (Ε 191); - ήεις analog. for κοτόεις (A. D., EM), Schwyzer 527; cf. also Thieme Studien 71 n. 3. - Beside it, prob. as denomin. (s. below) κοτέω, - έομαι, aor. κοτέσσασθαι, - έσαι, fut. κοτέσσομαι, perf. ptc. dat. κεκοτηότι `grudge' (Il.); also κοταίνω `id.' (A. Th. 485; after θυμαίνω a. o., s. Fraenkel Denom. 18 and on θυμός).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: No etymology. One compares since Fick 3, 69 (e. g. Brugmann Grundr.2 1, 630) a Celto-Germanic word for `struggle, fight', e. g. Welsh catu- in Catu-rīges, OHG hadu- in Hadu-brand and, with diff. suffix, MHG hader `id.', with further Slav., e. g. Russ.-CS. kotora `fight'; futher with palatal anlaut Skt. śátru- `enemy'. Rejecting this etymology WP. 1, 454 (cf. 1, 339), also after Fick (1, 45), adduce Lat. cōs `whettone' (s. κῶνος). But in both cases there is no morphological argumentation. If κότος were an old s-stem (Fraenkel KZ 43, 193ff.), it would fit better to the u- and r-stems in catu-, hader; but κοτέσσασθαι can be explained as analogical (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 349). - Machek Stud. in hon. Acad. d. Dečev 49f. compares Czech. katiti se `annoy onself'.Page in Frisk: 1,931-932Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κότος
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4 μῆνις
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `wrath', esp. of gods, Manes, of Achilleus etc. (Il.).Compounds: As 2. member in ἔμ-μανις `filled with wrath' (Cret.; on the formation Sommer Nominalkomp. 113).Derivatives: μηνίω, Dor. μανίω, aor. - ῖσαι, rarely with ἀπο-, ἐπι- ( ἀντι-, ἐκ-), `rage' (Il., Hdt., hell.) with μήνι-μα n. `(reason for) wrath' (Il.), - θμός `raging' (P 62, 202, 282); also μηνιάω `id.' (LXX, D. H.; on the formation Schwyzer 732 m. A. 4) with μηνίαμα (LXX); enlargements - ιάζω (Et. Gud.), - ίζω (An. Ox.) with - ισμα (Iolkos IIIa). From μῆνις ( μηνίω?) also μηνίτης (- τής?) m. `a man filled with rage' (Arr. Epikt.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Etymology unknown. Against identification with Lat. mānēs `the separted souls' (Ehrlich KZ 41, 294 f.), with ἔμ-μᾱνις = im-mānis `horrible, terrible' (Jacobsthal IF 21 Beih. 140f.), W.-Hofmann s. mānēs. The explanation from *μνᾱ-νις (to μέμνημαι; Schwyzer RhM 80, 213ff., Gramm. 260) is doubted by Schwyzer himself (Gramm. 495 A. 8); instead connection with μαιμάω is suggested. The semantically obvious connection with μένος a. cogn. (and with μένω?; Curtius, Irmscher Götterzorn 5ff.) is impossible because of the ᾱ-vowel; attempt at explanation ("aus Gründen der Verschleierung") by Porzig Satzinhalte 352; diff. still Pagliaro (s. Belardi Doxa 3, 213). -- Details on the meaning and formation in Frisk Eranos 44, 28ff.; also Porzig Satzinhalte 147, 187f., 237; on the vocalism Björck Alpha impurum 177 f.; on μηνίτης also Radermacher RhM 63, 444ff. So no explanation.Page in Frisk: 2,229Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μῆνις
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5 νέμεσις
νέμεσις, - εωςGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `righteous anger, retribution' (Il.), also personified (Hes.); on the meaning below.Derivatives: Νεμέσια n. pl. `Nemesisfeast' (D.), νεμέσιον n. appellativ. as plantname = ὠκιμοειδές (Ps.-Dsc.); Νεμεσεῖον (- ιον) `Nemesistemple' (hell. inscr.); νεμεσίτης λίθος m. name of a magic stone (Cyran.; Redard 58). Denominative verbs: 1. νεμεσ(σ)άομαι, - άω, aor. νεμεσ(σ)-ηθῆναι, - ήσασθαι, - ῆσαι, verbal adj. - ητός `become unwilling, rage, be perturbed' (Il.); analog. after other verbs in - άομαι, - άω (cf. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 358, Schwyzer 727), - σσ- beside - σ- (thus also νεμέσσι dat. sg. Z 335) also analogical-metrical (not with Schwyzer 321 from τι̯); νεμεσητικός `prone to perturbation' (Arist.), νεμεσήμων `unwilling, perturbed' (Call., Nonn.). -- 2. νεμεσίζο-μαι, only present and ipf., `id.' (Hom.).Etymology: Formation in - τις (cf. γένεσις, Λάχεσις; s. on λαγχάνω), often connected with νέμω. So the meaning would be prop. *'the (right) assignment, the attribution, imputatio'; thus perhaps still in the usual ep. expression οὑ νέμεσις ( τινί) prop. `one cannot attribute (to somebody), i.e. not reproach, that...' (cf. Bischoff Gnomon 15, 549 n. 1). Further hypotheses in Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 75f., Benveniste Noms d'agent 79; also von Erffa Phil. Supp. 30: 2, 30ff. ( νέμεσις: αἰδώς), Irmscher Götterzorn 21 ff., Henter Lexis 3, 229f., Martinazzoli Stud. itfilel. N.S. 21, 11ff.Page in Frisk: 2,Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > νέμεσις
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6 θυμός
θυμός, οῦ, ὁ (Hom. +).① intense expression of the inner self, freq. expressed as strong desire, passion, passionate longing (Hom. et al.; Pla., Cratyl. 419e θυμὸς ἀπὸ τῆς θύσεως κ. ζέσεως τ. ψυχῆς) ἐκ τ. οἴνου τοῦ θυμοῦ τῆς πορνείας αὐτῆς πεπότικεν τ. ἔθνη she has caused the nations to drink the wine of her passionate immorality Rv 14:8; cp. 18:3. τὸ ποτήριον τ. οἴνου τ. θυμοῦ τ. ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ the wine-cup of God’s passionate wrath 16:19; cp. 19:15. But in all these cases mng. 2 may be the correct one; for the other pass. in Rv where θ. occurs, mng. 2 is prob. the only one possible.② a state of intense displeasure, anger, wrath, rage, indignation Rv 12:12 (θυμὸν ἔχειν as Theognis 748 Bergk). ὁ οἶνος τ. θυμοῦ τ. θεοῦ the wine of God’s wrath or indignation (s. ἄκρατος) 14:10; cp. vs. 19; 15:1, 7; 16:1 (the figure of the outpouring of wrath freq. in OT). If this mng. holds true for all the Rv pass., the combination of genitives of θυμός and ὀργή in 16:19; 19:15 is to be taken as a strengthening of the thought (cp. Ex 32:12; Jer 32:37; 37:24; La 2:3; CD 10, 9; En 5:9; PsSol 2:23; Ath. 21, 1), and in 14:8; 18:3 we have a complex metaphor (cp. Pind., P. 10, 51–54 and BGildersleeve’s comment on ‘telescoped’ metaphor [Pindar: The Olympian and Pythian Odes 1885, 355]): the wine of harlotry, w. which Babylon intoxicates the nations, becomes the wine of God’s wrath for them.—In the other occurrences of θ. in our lit., the same mng. is indicated: of God (w. ὀργή; both words are oft. used together thus in the LXX) Ro 2:8; 1 Cl 50:4. Of humans Hb 11:27; (w. ὀργή, as Aelian, VH 15, 54; Ael. Aristid. 35, 10 K.=9 p. 101 D.; Herodian 8, 4, 1; Sir 45:18; Jos., Bell. 2, 135, Ant. 20, 108) Col 3:8; (w. πικρία and ὀργή) Eph 4:31; cp. Hm 5, 2, 4 and Js 3:11 P74. ἐξερίσαι εἰς τοσοῦτο θυμοῦ reach such a pitch of fury 1 Cl 45:7; ἀκατάσχετος θ. MPol 12:2. πλησθῆναι θυμοῦ be filled w. anger Lk 4:28; cp. Ac 19:28.—Pl. θυμοί (Herm. Wr. 12, 4; Philo, Rer. Div. Her. 64; Jos., Bell. 4, 314) outbursts of anger 2 Cor 12:20; Gal 5:20; 1 Cl 46:5.—JIrmscher, Götterzorn bei Homer ’50. SSullivan, Glotta 59, ’81, 147–55 (Hesiod and Gk. lyric poets). B. 1087; 1134. DELG. M-M. TW.
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