ὑποκρίνω

ὑποκρίνω [ῑ],

A separate gradually, Suid., Eust.687.20.

II subject to inquiry, interrogate,

τοὺς ἀντιδίκους AB449

, Suid. s.v. ἄρχων.

B [voice] Med. [full] ὑποκρίνομαι, [tense] fut. -κρινοῦμαι, [dialect] Ion.

- έομαι Hdt.1.164

: [tense] aor.

ὑπεκρινάμην Od.15.170

, Hdt.3.119 (v.l. -ετο): later also [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. in med. sense, ὑπεκρίθην [ῐ] Ctes.Fr.29.41, Plb.5.25.7, App.BC4.46;

ὑποκέκρῐμαι D.19.246

:—reply, make answer, Il.12.228; τινι 7.407, Od.2.111, 15.170, cf. Hdt.1.2, 164, Hp.Fract.16, etc.; of an oracle, Hdt.1.78,91:—the [dialect] Att. word was ἀποκρίνομαι ( ὑποκρ- is given by all codd. of Th.7.44, as, vice versa, ἀποκρ- appears in all codd. of Hdt.5.49, 8.101; cf.

ὑπόκρισις 1

).

2 expound, interpret, explain,

ὄνειρον Od.19.535

, 555;

ὀνείρατα Ar.V.53

, cf. Philostr.VA2.37, Hp.Ep.15; ὑ. ὅπως .. Theoc.24.67.

II [dialect] Att., speak in dialogue, hence play a part on the stage, the part played being put in acc.,

τὴν Ἀντιγόνην Σοφοκλέους ὑποκέκριται D.

l. c.; [ ἥρωα] Luc.Nigr.11: abs., play a part, be an actor,

οἱ ὑποκρινόμενοι Arist.EN 1147a23

; ὑ. τραγῳδίας, κωμῳδίαν, play tragedies, comedy, Id.Rh. 1403b23, Luc.Merc.Cond.30, cf. Nigr.24, etc.; ὑπεκρίθησαν τραγῳδοί tragedians acted, Chares Fr.4 J.; μισθῶν ἐλασσόνων συνεχώρησεν ὑποκρινεῖσθαι

τῷ δήμῳ Supp.Epigr.1.362.10

(Samos, iv B. C.): also ὑ. τὰ πάντα [προσωπεῖα] play all the characters, Luc.Salt.66; ὑ. μανίαν ib. 83.

2 deliver a speech, declaim, of orators and rhetoricians, Arist. Rh. 1413b23, Phld.Rh.1.195 S., al.: c. acc.,

τὰ Ὁμήρου Ath.14.620d

;

ἀλλοτρίους λόγους Luc.Pseudol.25

; represent dramatically, ἐρωτικῶν δραμάτων ὑποθέσεις, of Hld., Ach. Tat., and Iamb., Phot.Bibl.p.73 B.; ape, mimic,

τὸ τῶν Ἰνδῶν ἔργον Philostr.VA3.4

; represent in art, Philostr Jun.Im.Prooem., cf. Callistr.Stat.7.

3 of an orator, use histrionic arts, exaggerate, D.18.15.

4 metaph., play a part, feign, pretend, ib.287, LXX Si.1.29, al.; ὑ. τὸν βασιλικόν take the king's part, play the king, Arist.Pol. 1314a40; ὑπολαμβάνειν καὶ ὑποκρίνεσθαι ib. 1310a10;

μεγαλοψυχίαν Phld.Vit.p.24

J.: c. inf., D.31.8, Plb.2.49.7, LXX 4 Ma.6.15; ὑ. ὡς ἐσθίοντα ib.2 Ma.6.21;

ὑποκριθεὶς νεκρὸς διέφυγε Vett.Val.275.19

.

5 c. acc., deceive, App.Pun.13 (s. v. l.).

⁺ V 0-0-0-0-10=10 2 Mc 5,25; 6,21.24; 4 Mc 6,15.17

M: to play the actor, to feign, to pretend [τι] 2 Mc 5,25; id. [+inf.] 4 Mc 6,15; to be a hypocrite Sir 1,29 Cf. SPICQ 1982, 650-653; →NIDNTT; TWNT

⁺ V 21-58-53-75-64=271 Gn 15,14; 16,5; 18,25; 19,9; 26,21

A: to judge, to consider, to think [τινα +pred.] 3 Mc 2,33; to decide to, to determine to do [+inf.] Jdt 2,3; to decide that sb should [τινα +inf.] 3 Mc 6,30; to judge, to give a fair judgement [τινι] Gn 30,6; id. [τινα] Ps 71(72),4; to judge [τινα] Dt 32,36; id. [ἀνὰ μέσον τινῶν] Is 2,4; id. [τι] Ex 18,22; to pass judge-ment upon, to condemn [τινα] Gn 15,14; to condemn, to punish [τινα] Ez 38,22; to plead for [τινι] Is 1,17; to rule [τινα] 1 Mc 9,73; to probe, to estimate [τινα] Jb 7,18

M/P: to dispute, to contend [abs.] 2 Sm 19,10; id. [πρός τινα] Jgs 21,22; id. [μετά τινος] Jgs^A 8,1; id.

[τινι] Jb 9,3; to contend with, to contest with [πρός τινα] Sir 42,8

κεκριμένος picked out, choosen 2 Mc 13,15; κρινοῦσιν τὸν λαὸν κρίσιν δικαίαν they shall judge the people with righteous judgement, they shall pass a right judgement for the people Dt 16,18; ἔκρινέν σοι κύριος ἐκ χειρός πάντων the Lord passed a fair judgement for you upon all, delivered you from the hand of all, took revenge for you on all (semit., rendering MT כל מיד פטךשׁ) 2 Sm 18,31; ὡς ἐκρίθη σοι as it seemed good to you, as you decreed 1 Ezr 8,90

Cf. DORIVAL 1994, 387; HELBING 1928 68. 96.236; LEE, J. 1983, 78; MONSENGWO PASINYA 1973, 154- 158; WEVERS 1993, 408; →LSJ Suppl; LSJ RSuppl; NIDNTT; TWNT

(→ἀνακρίνω, ἀνταπο-, ἀντικρίνω, ἀποκρίνω, διακρίνω, ἐπικρίνω, κατακρίνω, προκρίνω, συγ-, ὑποκρίνω,,)

ὄνειρος, ὁ, or [full] -ὄνειρον, τό, the masc. form freq. in Hom., also in Pi.P.4.163, Hdt.1.34,7.16.β', E.IT 569: acc. pl. ὀνείρους Perdrizet-Lefèbvre

A Les graffites grecs du Memnonion d'Abydos No. 528 : the neut. in Od.4.841, Hdt.7.14,15, A.Ch. 541, 550, S.El. 1390 (lyr.), E.HF 517 ; and in prov., τοὐμὸν ὄ. ἐμοί 'you are telling me what I know already', Call.Epigr.34, Cic.Att.6.9.3 (cf.

ὄναρ 1.1

, ὄνειαρ II): the forms ὀνείρου -ῳ -ων -οις leave the gender doubtful: pl.

ὄνειρα E. HF 518

, AP9.234 (Crin.) ; but the form ὀνείρατα (as if from ὄνειραρ, EM47.53) is more freq. in nom. and acc., Od.20.87, etc.: also gen.

ὀνειράτων Hdt.1.120

, A.Pr. 485, al., S.El. 481 (lyr.): dat.

- ασι A.Pr. 655

, Pers. 176, S.OT 981, E.Alc. 354 : gen. sg.

- ατος Pl.Tht. 201d

; dat. sg.

ἐν τὠνείρατι A.Ch. 531

:—dream, Il.2.80, al. ; ὄνειρον ὑποκρίνεσθαι, v. ὑποκρίνω B. 1.2 ;

θέρμετε δ' ὕδωρ, ὡς ἂν θεῖον ὄ. ἀποκλύσω Ar.Ra. 1340

.

2 as pr. n. dream personified, Il.2.6 sqq.: also in pl.,

δῆμος ὀνείρων Od.24.12

, cf. Hes.Th. 212.

3 in similes or metaphors, of anything unreal or fleeting,

σκιῇ εἴκελον ἢ καὶ ὀ. Od.11.207

, cf. 222 ; τοῦ ποτε μεμνήσεσθαι ὀΐομαι ἔν περ ὀ. if only in a dream, 19.581 ;

σμικρὰ ὀνείρατα λέλειπται

faint and shadowy traces,

Pl.Lg. 695c

; ὄνειρα ἀφένοιο dreams of wealth, APl.c. (Cf. ὄνοιρος.)

ὑπό-κρῐσις, εως, ἡ,

I [dialect] Ion. (and perh. in Porph.Chr.35.10), reply, answer (cf.

ὑποκρίνω B.

I), Hdt.1.116, 9.9;

τῶν χρηστηρίων Id.1.90

; but the [dialect] Att. word ἀπόκρισις occurs in codd. at 1.49,5.50.

II [dialect] Att., playing a part on the stage, Arist.EN 1118a8, Phld.Mus.p.91K.

2 an orator's delivery, Arist.Rh. 1386a32, 1403b22, 1413b18, Chrysipp.Stoic.2.96, Phld.Rh.1.195 S., 201 S. (pl.); οἱ κατὰ τὴν ὑ. ῥήτορες orators who depend on their delivery, opp. to the authors of written speeches, Arist.Rh. 1404a18.

b tone or manner of an animal's cry, ὁ κυνηγέτης ἀπὸ τῆς ὑ. ᾔσθετο τοῦ κυνὸς ὑλακτοῦντος νῦν μὲν ὅτι ζητεῖ τὸν λαγών, νῦν δὲ ὅτι εὗρεν .. Porph.Abst.3.5.

3 metaph., playing a part, hypocrisy, outward show, Phoc.2 B, Plb.35.2.13, LXX 2 Ma.6.25, Ev.Matt. 23.28, al., Luc.Somn.17.

4 ὑπόκρισιν, as Adv., after the manner of,

δελφῖνος ὑ. Pi.Oxy.408.69

( = Fr. 235).

ὑποκριτής, οῦ, ὁ (ὑποκρίνω; Aristoph., X., Pla.+; ins; PEdg 71 [=Sb 6777], 44 mostly in the sense ‘play-actor, role-player’; so also EpArist 219; Tat. 22, 1) in our lit. only metaph. actor, in the sense pretender, dissembler (Achilles Tat. 8, 8, 14; 8, 17, 3; Artem. 2, 44 p. 148, 3 in the marginal note of a ms.; Jos., Bell. 2, 587 ὑποκριτὴς φιλανθρωπίας; Did., Gen. 122, 9.—Job 15:34 Aquila and Theod. of the godless [=LXX ἀσεβής]; 20:5 Aquila [=LXX παράνομος]; 34:30 and 36:13 Theod.) Mt 6:2, 5, 16 (in these three passages the dramatic aspect ‘play-actor’ is strongly felt); 7:5; 15:7; 16:3 v.l.; 22:18; 23:13–15, 23, 25, 27, 29; 24:51; Mk 7:6; Lk 6:42; 11:39 D; 12:56; 13:15; Hs 8, 6, 5; 9, 18, 3; 9, 19, 2; D 2:6; 8:1f.—PJoüon, Ὑποκριτής dans l’Evang.: RSR 20, 1930, 312–17; DMatheson, ET 41, 1930, 333f; LMarshall, Challenge of NT Ethics ’47, 60f; BZucchelli, ΥΠΟΚΡΙΤΗΣ, Origine e storia del termine ’62; RBatey, Jesus and the Theatre: NTS 30, ’84, 563–74; AStock, Jesus, Hypocrites, and Herodians: BTB 16, ’86, 3–7 (theaters in many Palestinian localities).—DNP V 810–12. M-M.