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1 έφυσα
ἔφῡσα, ἐφύωrain upon: aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic)ἔφῡσα, φύωbring forth: aor ind act 1st sgφύζωaor ind act 1st sg -
2 ἔφυσα
ἔφῡσα, ἐφύωrain upon: aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic)ἔφῡσα, φύωbring forth: aor ind act 1st sgφύζωaor ind act 1st sg -
3 εφύσα
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4 ἐφύσα
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5 φύω
φύω, fut. φύσω, aor. I. ἔφυσα, – hervorbringen, entstehen lassen, bes. von Pflanzen, Bäumen und ihren einzelnen Theilen, wachsen oder aufkeimen lassen, treiben; φύλλα ὕλη φύει Il. 6, 148; σκῆπτρον οὔποτε φύλλα καὶ ὄζους φύσει 1, 235; τοῖσι δ' ὑπὸ χϑὼν δῖα φύεν νεοϑηλέα ποίην, ließ Gras aufsprossen, 14, 347; Ζεφυρίη (πνοή) πνείουσα τὰ μὲν φύει, ἄλλα δὲ πέσσει Od. 7, 119; ὃς τὴν πολύβοτρυν ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς Eur. Bacch. 650; καρπὸν φύειν Her. 9, 122; ὅσα γῆ φύει Plat. Rep. X, 621 a; καὶ γεννᾶν Polit. 274 a; φύειν ἐξ αὑτοῦ πάντα Rep. IX, 588 c; Xen. oft. – Auch τρίχας φύειν, Haare wachsen lassen, hervorbringen, Od. 10, 293; vgl. στείχει δ' ἴουλος ἄρτι διὰ παρηΐδων ὥρας φυούσης Aesch. Spt. 517; πώγωνα φύειν, den Bart wachsen lassen, Her. 8, 104; γλῶσσαν, eine Zunge bekommen, 2, 68; πτερά, Flügel bekommen, Ar. Av. 106; Plat. Phaedr. 251 c Tim. 91 d; ὀδόντας u. ä.; – ἄνδρας φύειν, Männer hervorbringen, Her. 9, 122; dah. erzeugen, ὁ φύσας, der Erzeuger, der Vater, Soph. Tr. 1026. 1175 u. oft; τοῖς γονεῦσιν, οἵ σ' ἔφυσαν O. R. 436; Eur. oft; Ar. Vesp. 1472; φύειν καὶ γεννᾶν Plat. polit. 274 a; seltener von der Mutter, φῦσαι, gebären, s. Pors. Eur. Phoen. 34; φράτορας Ar. Ran. 419. – Auch auf Geistiges übtr., ϑεοὶ φύουσιν ἀνϑρώποις φρένας Soph. Ant. 679; auch οὐδὲ τῷ χρόνῳ φύσας φανεῖ φρένας ποτέ, zu Verstande kommen, O. C. 808; El. 1455; νοῦν φύειν Soph. frg.; δόξαν φύειν, Stolz erzeugen, Dünkel bekommen, Her. 5, 91; πόνους αὑτῷ φῦσαι Soph. Ant. 643. – Häufiger im pass. φύομαι, wozu das fut. φύσομαι, bei Sp. auch φυήσομαι gehört, wie aor. II. ἔφῡν, inf. φῠναι, Parmenid. auch φῦν, part. φύς, φῦσα, φύν, optat. φύην statt φυίην bei Theocr. 15, 94 nach Buttmann, Sp. ἐφύην, φυῆναι; perf. πέφῡκα, mit Präsensbdtg, nebst dem plusqpf. ἐπεφύκειν, als impf.; epische synkopirte Formen sind πεφύασι für πεφύκασι, u. part. πεφυώς, ῶτος, Od. 5, 477, fem. πεφυυῖα, Il. 14, 288; Hes. hat auch ἐπέφῡκον statt ἐπεφύκεισαν, wie von einem praes. πεφύκω, O. 151 Sc. 76 Th. 152. 673; – Il. 6, 149, ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἡ μὲν φύει, ἡ δ' ἀπολήγει, ist auch das praes. act. intr. gebraucht; – werden, entstehen, wachsen; zunächst von Pflanzen, τά γ' ἄσπαρτα φύονται Od. 9, 109; ϑάμνος ἔφυ ἐλαίης 23, 190; πρασιαὶ παντοῖαι πεφύασιν 7, 128; ὄζοι ἐπ' ἀκροτάτῃ πεφύασιν Il. 4, 484; δοιοὺς ϑάμνους ἐξ ὁμόϑεν πεφυῶτας Od. 5, 477; τὰ περὶ καλὰ ῥέεϑρα ἅλις ποταμοῖο πεφύκει Il. 21, 352; auch τοῦ κέρα ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἑκκαιδεκάδωρα πεφύκει, 4, 109, Hörner waren aus seinem Kopfe gewachsen; ῥόδα φύεται αὐτόματα Her. 8, 138; δένδρα πεφυκότα Xen. Cyr. 4, 3,5; – übertr., ἐν δ' ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί, oft bei Hom., eigtl. er wuchs ihm fest an der Hand, oder er wuchs mit der Hand an ihm an, d. i. er faßte ihn so fest bei der Hand, als wäre er an ihm angewachsen, vom kräftigen Händedrucke als Zeichen herzlicher Begrüßung; auch ἔφυν ἐν χερσίν Od. 10, 397, u. ἐν χείρεσσι φύοντο 24, 410, welche Vrbdgn, wie ὀδὰξ ἐν χείλεσι φύντες auch als tmes. zu ἐμφύω gezogen werden, was man vergleiche. – Von Menschen, Pind. u. die Tragg.: ὁ λωφήσων γὰρ οὐ πέφυκέ πω Aesch. Prom. 27; τίς ἂν εὐξαιτο βροτῶν ἀσινεῖ δαίμονι φῦναι Ag. 1315; σπορᾶς γε μὴν ἐκ τῆςδε φύσεται ϑρασὺς τόξοισι κλεινός Prom. 873; ϑνητοῦ πέφυκας πατρός Soph. El. 1162; κἀξ ἧς ἔφυ γυναικὸς υἱὸς καὶ πόσις O. R. 458, u. öfter; γονῇ πεφυκὼς γεραιτέρᾳ O. C. 1296, der ältere; πόϑεν ἔφυσαν Eur. Suppl. 842; ἀπ' εὐγενοῦς τινος ῥίζης πέφυκας I. T. 610; Διὸς πεφυκὼς Τάνταλος Or. 5, wie auch in Prosa, Xen. Cyr. 5, 5,8; οὔτοι πέφυκα μάντις Eur. Hec. 743; οὐ γὰρ αἰχμητὴς πέφυκεν Or. 702; φὺς ἀπ' ἐμοῦ Xen. Cyr. 5, 4,30; πόϑεν ἔφυ ὁ πόλεμος Pol. 3, 6,9 u. sonst. – Uebh. von Natur eine gewisse Eigenschaft, Anlage haben, von Natur befähigt sein, u. oft für das einfache sein; τὸ μὲν εὖ πράττειν ἀκόρεστον ἔφυ πᾶσι βροτοῖσιν Aesch. Ag. 1304; ϑεὸς γὰρ οὐκ ἤχϑηρεν ὡς εὔφρων ἔφυ Pers. 758; ἔφυν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐκ κακῆς πράσσειν τέχνης Soph. Phil. 88; δόξεις ὁμοῖος τοῖς κακοῖς πεφυκέναι 1358; ἔφυν ἀμήχανος Ant. 79; οὐτοι συνέχϑειν, ἀλλὰ συμφιλεῖν ἔφυν 519, u. sonst, wie Eur.; u. in Prosa, τὸ μὴ διδόναι δίκην πάντων μέγιστόν τε καὶ πρῶτον κακῶν πέφυκε Plat. Gorg. 479 d, u. öfter. Bes. ist πέφυκε c. inf. zu merken, der Natur gemäß sein, gewöhnlich geschehen, pflegen, τὰ δεύτερα τῶν προτέρων πεφυκέναι κρατεῖν Pind. frg. 249; ὅτι χαίρειν πέφυκεν οὐχὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀεί Soph. Tr. 440; πέφυκε γὰρ καὶ ἄλλως ὁ ἄνϑρωπος τὸ μὲν ϑεραπεῦον ὑπερφρονεῖν Thuc. 3, 39, u. öfter; ἐν οἷς ἅπαντες πεφύκαμεν ἁμαρτεῖν Is. 1, 13; ἡ ψυχὴ πέφυκε αὔξεσϑαι Isocr. 1, 12; ᾑ πέφυκεν ἐπὶ τὴν ψυχὴν ἰέναι Phaedr. 258 c, u. oft; ἐπεφύκει im Ggstz von ἐϑελούσιον Xen. Cyr. 5, 1,8; πεφύκασιν ὑπὸ τούτων κρατεῖσϑαι 5, 1,10; πολὺ ῥᾷον ἔχοντας φυλάττειν ἢ κτήσασϑαι πέφυκε πάντα, es liegt in der Natur der Dinge, daß es leichter ist, Dem. 2, 26; πεφυκέναι πρὸς τὸ ἀληϑές Arist. rhet. 1, 1; u. Sp., wie Pol. verbindet τοῦτο πέφυκε καὶ φιλεῖ συμβαίνειν κατὰ φύσιν, 4, 2,10. – [Υ im praes. u. imperf. u. vor einem Vokal in der synkopirten Form des perf. ist kurz; nur sp. D., wie Nic. Al. 14 u. D. Per. 941. 1013 brauchen es auch im praes. u. imperf. lang, sogar einige Male in der Verssenkung, Nic. Al. 501 D. Per. 1031; und so auch in Zusammensetzungen.]
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6 φυω
(impf. ἔφυου, fut. φύσω с ῠ, aor. 1 ἔφῡσα, aor. 2 ἔφῡν, pf. πέφῡκα, ppf. ἐπεφύκειν с ῠ; med. - с aor. 2 и pf. act., part. φύς, inf. φῦναι; pass.: fut. φυήσομαι, aor. 2 ἐφύην) тж. med.1) производить на свет, взращивать, (по)рождать, создавать(τί τινι Xen.; σοφοὺς υἱεῖς Plat.)
καρπὸν φ. Her. — приносить плод(ы);ὅ φύσας (πατήρ) Eur. — родитель, отец;οἱ φύσαντες Eur., Arph. — родители;φ. ποίην Hom. — покрываться травой;φ. φύλλα καὴ ὄζους Hom. — пускать листья и ветви;φ. πώγωνα Her. — обрастать бородой;γλῶσσαν μοῦνον θηρίων οὐκ ἔφυσε Her. — это - единственное животное, не имеющее языка;τοὺς ὀδόντας φύει Plat. — у него прорезываются зубы;φ. τὰ πτερά Arph. — оперяться, Plat. окрыляться;φ. σάρκα и σάρκας Plat. — обрастать плотью:φ. φρένας Soph. — становиться разумным, но тж. становиться надменным и одарять разумом (φ. ἀνθρώποις Soph.);φύσει πεφυκώς Plat. — врожденный;ἀνθρώπῳ πεφυκότι εἴη ῥᾷον … Xen. — природа человека такова, что ему легче …;τὰ φύσει πεφυκότα Lys. — то, что создано природой, естественный порядок вещей;πιστὸν νομίζειν τινὰ φύσει φύεσθαι Xen. — считать кого-л. честным по природе;σοφὸς πεφυκώς Soph. — будучи по природе умным;εἰ μέ κακὸς πέφυκα Soph. — если я не зол по природе;ὡς πέφυκε Xen. — естественным образом, как обычно бывает;ὡς οὐ πέφυκεν Plut. — сверх всякого обыкновения;πᾶσι θνατοῖς ἔφυ μόρος Soph. — смерть присуща всем смертным;οὔτω δέ τούτων πεφυκότων Plat. — ввиду так сложившихся обстоятельств;εὖ πεφυκέναι πρός τι Xen. и κατά τι Dem. — быть созданным для чего-л., иметь природную склонность к чему-л.;πεφύκασι ἄπαντες ἁμαρτάνειν Thuc. — ошибаться свойственно всем2) вырастать, расти, рождаться, возникать(ἀνδρῶν γενεέ ἥ μὲν φύει, ἥ δ΄ ἀπολήγει Hom.; ῥόδα φύεται αὐτόματα Her.; τὰ φυόμενα ἐκ τῆς γῆς Xen.)
σῖτον εὔχεσθαι καλὸν φύεσθαι Xen. — молиться, чтобы хлеб хорошо уродился;ἥ κεφαλέ θριξὴ πεφυκυῖα Diod. — поросшая волосами (косматая) голова;πεφυκέναι (тж. φῦναι) τινός, ἔκ и ἀπό τινος Trag., Xen., Plat. — родиться от кого-л., быть рожденным кем-л.;πρᾶγμα φυομένον ἐν τῇ Ἑλλάδι Xen. — то, что происходит в Элладе3) med. припадать, прижиматьсяἐν χείρεσσι φύοντο Hom. — они пожали друг другу руки;
οἱ φῦ χειρί Hom. — она схватила его за руку;ὀδὰξ ἐν χείλεσι φύντες Hom. — закусив губы -
7 έφυσ'
ἔφῡσαι, ἐφύωrain upon: aor imperat mid 2nd sgἔφῡσα, ἐφύωrain upon: aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic)ἔφῡσε, ἐφύωrain upon: aor ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)ἔφῡσα, φύωbring forth: aor ind act 1st sgἔφῡσε, φύωbring forth: aor ind act 3rd sgἔφυσα, φύζωaor ind act 1st sgἔφυσε, φύζωaor ind act 3rd sg -
8 ἔφυσ'
ἔφῡσαι, ἐφύωrain upon: aor imperat mid 2nd sgἔφῡσα, ἐφύωrain upon: aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic)ἔφῡσε, ἐφύωrain upon: aor ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic)ἔφῡσα, φύωbring forth: aor ind act 1st sgἔφῡσε, φύωbring forth: aor ind act 3rd sgἔφυσα, φύζωaor ind act 1st sgἔφυσε, φύζωaor ind act 3rd sg -
9 BÚA
(bý; bjó, bjoggum or bjuggum; búinn), v.1) to prepare, make ready;búa skip í för, to make a ship ready for a voyage;búa ferð sína, to make ready for a journey (voyage);búa veizlu, to prepare (make preparations) for a feast;búa mál á hendr e-m, to take out a summons against one, be in a lawsuit;2) to dress, attire, adorn, ornament;bjó hón hana sem hón kunni bezt, she dressed her as well as she could;sá þeir konur vel búnar, well dressed;búa beð, rekkju, to make a bed;búa öndvegi, hús, to make a high seat, adorn a house (for a feast);öll umgjörðin var búin gulli ok silfri, adorned (mounted) with gold and silver;vápn búit mjök, much ornamented;4) to deal with, to treat;þeir bjuggu búi sem þeim líkaði, they treated it as they liked, viz. recklessly;Haraldr bjó heldr úsparliga kornum Sveins, used S.’s stores rather unsparingly;5) to live, dwell (búa í tjöldum);þeir bjuggu þar um nóttina, they stayed there during the night;sá maðr bjó á skipi (had his berth) næst Haraldi;6) to have a household (cattle, sheep, and milk);meðan þú vilt búa, as long as thou will keep house;búa á or at, with the name of the place added in dat., to live at or in (hann bjó á Velli; Gunnar bjó at Hlíðarenda);búa í skapi, brjósti e-m, to be, dwell in one’s mind (eigi býr þér lítit í skapi);sýnandi þá hjartaliga gleði, er í brjósti býr, that fills the breast;8) to behave, conduct onself (bjuggu þeir þar fremr úfriðliga);9) with preps.:búa af e-u, to lose;láta e-n af baugum búa, to let him be deprived of his riches;búa at e-u, to treat, = búa e-u (cf. 4);þeir höfðu spurt hvern veg Þórólfr hafði búit at herbergjum þeirra, how Th. had treated their premises;búa e-t fyrir, to prepare (þeir hlutir, er guð hefir fyrir búit sínum ástvinum);búa fyrir, to be present (hann ætlar, at Selþórir muni fyrir búa í hverju holti);búa hjá konu, to lie with a woman;búa í e-u, to be at the bottom of, = búa undir e-u (en í þessu vináttumerki bjuggu enn fleiri hlutir);búa með e-m or e-rri, to cohabit with;búa með konu, to lie with;búa saman, to live together (as husband and wife, as friends); to have a common household (ef menn búa saman);búa e-t til, to prepare, take the preparatory steps in a case (búa sök, mál, vígsmál til, cf. 1);búa til veizlu, to prepare for a feast;búa til seyðis, to get the fire ready for cooking;búa til vetrsetu, to make preparations for a winter abode;búa um e-n, to make one’s bed (var búit um þá Þórodd á seti ok lögðust þeir til svefns);Þórólfr lét setja upp skip sitt ok um búa, he had his ship laid up and fenced round;kváðu nú Guðrúnu eiga at búa um rauða skör Bolla, said that G. would have to dress B.’s (her husband’s) bloody head;búa um andvirki, to fence and thatch hayricks;at búa svá um, at aldri mátti vökna, to pack it up so that it could not get wet;búa svá um, at (with subj.), to arrange it so, that;búa eigi um heilt við e-n, to be plotting something against one;búa um nökkurn skoll, to brood over some mischief (deceit);búa um grun, to be suspicious;búa um hverfan hug, to be fickleminded;gott er um öruggt at búa, to be in a safe position;búa undir e-u, to be subject to, suffer, endure (hart mun þykkja undir at búa);eiga undir slíkum ofsa at búa, to have to put up with such insolence; to be the (hidden) reason of, to be at the bottom of (þat bjó þar undir, at hann vildi taka ríkit undir sik);þér vitið gørst, hvat yðr býr undir (what reason you have) at girnast eina útlenda mey;búa e-n veg við e-n, to behave or act so and so towards one;sárt býr þú nú við mik, Þóra, thou treatest me sorely;búa við e-t, to enjoy (þú býr við eilífa ást ok bíðr eilífra ömbuna); to submit to, put up with;ok mun eigi við þat mega búa, it will be too hard to bide;búa yfir e-u, to hide, conceal;framhlutr ormsins býr yfir eitri, is venomous;lítill búkr býr yfir miklu viti, little body holds mickle wit;búa yfir brögðum, flærð ok vélum, to brood over tricks, falsehood, and deceit;10) refl., búast.* * *pret. sing. bjó, 2nd pers. bjótt, mod. bjóst; plur. bjoggu, bjöggu, and mod. bjuggu, or even buggu; sup. búit, búið, and (rarely) contr. búð; part. búinn; pret. subj. bjöggi, mod. byggi or bjyggi; pres. sing. indic. bý; pl. búm, mod. búum: reflex. forms býsk or býst, bjósk or bjóst, bjöggusk, búisk, etc.: poët. forms with suffixed negative bjó-at, Skv. 3. 39: an obsolete pret. bjoggi = bjó, Fms. ix. 440 (in a verse); bjöggisk = bjósk, Hom. 118. [Búa is originally a reduplicated and contracted verb answering to Goth. búan, of which the pret. may have been baibau: by bûan Ulf. renders Gr. οικειν, κατοικειν; Hel. bûan = habitare; Germ. bauen; Swed. and Dan. bo. The Icel. distinguishes between the strong neut. and originally redupl. verb búa, and the transit. and weak byggja, q. v.: búa seems to be kindred to Gr. φύω, εφυσα (cp. Sansk. bhû, bhavâmi, Lat. fui); byggja to Lat. făcio, cp. Swed.-Dan. bygga, Scot. and North. E. to ‘big,’ i. e. to build; cp. Lat. aedificare, nidificare: again, the coincidence in sense with the Gr. οικος, οικειν, Lat. vicus, is no less striking, cp. the references s. v. bú above. Búa, as a root word, is one of the most interesting words in the Scandin. tongues; bú, bær, bygg, bygð, byggja, etc., all belong to this family: it survives in the North. E. word to ‘big,’ in the Germ. bauen ( to till), and possibly (v. above) in the auxiliary verb ‘to be.’]A. NEUTER, to live, abide, dwell, = Gr. οικειν, Lat. habitare; sú synd sem í mér býr, Rom. vii. 17, 20; í mér, þat er í mínu holdi, býr ekki gott, 18; hann sem býr í ljósinu, 1 Tim. vi. 16; fyrir Heilagan Anda sem í oss býr, 2 Tim. i. 14; Látið Christs orð ríkulega búa meðal yðar, Col. iii. 16; þá trú … sem áðr fyr bjó í þinni ömmu Loide, 2 Tim. i. 5; þat hit góða sem í oss býr, 14; hann sem býr í ljósinu, þar einginn kann til að komast, 1 Tim. vi. 16; hence íbúð, living in, etc.; in many of those passages some Edd. of N. T. use byggja, but búa suits better: of a temporary abode, hann bjó í tjöldum, he abode in tents, Fms. x. 413.2. a naut. term; þeir bjuggu þar um nóttina, they stayed, cast anchor during the night, Fms. vii. 3: on board ship, to have one’s berth, sá maðr bjó á skipi næst Haraldi er hét Loðinn, 166; engi maðr skyldi búa á þessu skipi yngri en tvítugr, x. 321.3. to live together as man and wife; henni hagar að b. við hann, 1 Cor. vii. 12; hagar honum hjá henni að b., 13; b. með húsfrú sinni, Stj. 47; b. við; Helgi prestr bjó við konu þá, er Þórdís hét (of concubinage), Sturl. i. 141; but búa saman, of wedded life, K. Á. 134.4. b. fyrir, to be present in the place: at Selþórir muni fyrir b. í hverju holti, Fms. iv. 260: recipr., sjór ok skúgr bjoggusk í grend, Skálda 202, Baruch.5. esp. (v. bú) to have a household, cattle, sheep, and milk; hence búandi, bóndi, bær, and bú; búa við málnytu ( milk), ok hafa kýr ok ær at búi, Nj. 236, Grág. i. 168, 335; b. búi (dat.), 153, K. Þ. K. 90; búa búi sínu, to ‘big ane’s ain biggin,’ have one’s own homestead.β. absol., meðan þú vilt b., so long as thou wilt keep bouse, Hrafn. 9; b. vel, illa, to be a good (bad) housekeeper; vænt er að kunna vel að búa, Bb. 3. 1; Salomon kóngur kunni að b., 100; fara að b., to begin housekeeping, 2. 6; b. á jörðu, to keep a farm, gefa þeim óðul sín er á bjoggu, Fms. i. 21.γ. búa á …, at …, i …, with the name of the place added, to live at or in a place; hann bjó á Velli (the farm) á Rangárvöllum (the county), Nj. 1; Höskuldr bjó á Höskuldstöðum, 2: hann bjó at Varmalæk, 22; hann bjó undir Felli, 16; Gunnarr bjó at Hlíðarenda, 29; Njáll bjó at Bergþórshváli, 30, 38, 147, 162, 164, 173, 174, 213, Landn. 39–41, and in numberless passages; Eb., Ld., Eg., Sturl., Bs., Ísl. ii, etc. (very freq.): also b. í brjósti, skapi, huga e-m, to be, dwell in one’s mind, with the notion of rooted conviction or determination, þess hins mikla áhuga, er þér býr í brjósti, Fms. iv. 80; því er mér hefir lengi í skapi búit, 78; ekki muntu leynask fyrir mér, veit ek hvat í býr skapinu, Lv. 16.II. metaph. and with prepp.; b. um e-t, or b. yfir e-u, almost in an uncanny sense, to brood over hidden schemes, designs, resentment, or the like; búa um hverfan hug, to be of a fickle mind, Skv. 3. 39; b. eigi um heilt, to brood over something against one, to be insincere, Fms. xi. 365; b. um skoll, to brood over some deceit, id.; b. um grun, to be suspicious, ii. 87: in good sense, b. um eitt lunderni, to be of one mind, Jb. 17; b. um þrek, hug, to have a bold heart, Lex. Poët.: b. í or undir e-u, to be at the bottom of a thing; en í þessu vináttu merki bjoggu enn fleiri hlutir, Ó. H. 125; mart býr í þokunni (a proverb), many things bide in the mist; en þat b. mest undir ferð Áka, at …, Fms. xi. 45; þóttusk eigi vita hvat undir myndi b., Nj. 62: b. yfir e-u, to brood over something, conceal; (ormrinn) bjó yfir eitri, i. e. the snake was venomous, Fms. vi. 351: the saying, lítill búkr býr yfir miklu viti, little bulk hides mickle wit, Al.; b. yfir flærð ok vélum, to brood over falsehood and deceit, id.; b. yfir brögðum, Fas. i. 290: b. undir, við e-t, to live under or with a thing, to bide, put up with; eiga undir slíkum ofsa at b., to have to put up with such insolence, Fms. xi. 248; at hart mun þykkja undir at b., Nj. 90, 101; ok mun eigi við þat mega b., i. e. it will be too hard to bide, 164; því at bændr máttu eigi við hitt b., Fms. xi. 224.III. in a half active sense; b. at e-u, or b. e-u (with dat.), to treat; þeir höfðu spurt hvern veg Þórólfr hafði búit at herbergjum þeirra, how Th. had used their premises, Eg. 85; þeir bjoggu búi sem þeim líkaði (where with dat.), i. e. they treated it recklessly, Bs. i. 544; Haraldr jarl fór til bús Sveins, ok bjó þá heldr úspakliga kornum hans, Orkn. 424 (in all passages in bad sense): búa vel saman, to live well together, be friendly, Fms. xi. 312; hence sam-búð, living together; b. við e-n, to treat one so and so; sárt býr þú við mik, Þóra, thou treatest me sorely, vii. 203.B. ACTIVE, to make ready: the sense and form here reminds one of the Gr. ποιειν: [this sense is much used in Old Engl., esp. the part. bone, boon, or boun, ready, (‘boun to go,’ Chaucer, etc.); in later Engl. ‘boun’ was corrupted into ‘bound,’ in such naut. phrases as bound for a port, etc.: from this part, the ballad writers formed a fresh verb, to boun, ‘busk ye, boun ye;’ ‘busk’ is a remnant of the old reflex, búask, see Dasent, Burnt Njal, pref. xvi. note, and cp. below III.]I. to make ready, ‘boun,’ for a journey; b. ferð, för sína; and as a naut. term, b. skip, to make ready for sea; bjoggu þeir ferð sína, Fms. ix. 453; en er þeir vóru búnir, Nj. 122; ok vóru þá mjök brott búnir, they were ‘boun’ for sea, Fms. vii. 101; bjó hann skip sitt, Nj. 128; en skip er brotið, svá at eigi er í för búanda á því sumri, i. e. ship unfit to go to sea, Grág. i. 92; b. sik til göngu, to be ‘boun’ for a walk, Ld. 46; b. sik at keyra, to make one ready for …, Nj. 91.β. as a law term, b. sök, mál, or adding til, b. til sök, mál á hendr e-m, to take out a summons against one, begin a lawsuit; b. mál í dóm, of the preliminaries to a lawsuit, hence málatilbúningr, in numberless cases in the Grágás and Sagas.γ. generally to prepare, make; b. smyrsl, to make ointments, Rb. 82.2. = Old Engl. to boun, i. e. to dress, equip; b. sik, to dress; svá búinn, so dressed, Fms. xi. 272; hence búningr, dress (freq.); vel búinn, well-dressed, Nj. 3, Ísl. ii. 434; spari-búinn, in holiday dress; illa búinn, ill-dressed; síðan bjó hon hana sem hon kunni, she dressed her as well as she could, Finnb. 258; b. beð, rekkjur, to make a bed, Eg. 236; b. upp hvílur, id., Nj. 168; b. öndvegi, hús, to make a high seat, dress a house for a feast, 175, (hús-búnaðr, hús-búningr, tapestry); búa borð, to dress the table, (borð búnaðr, table-service); b. stofu, Fms. iv. 75.β. búa til veizlu, to make ‘boun’ ( prepare) for a feast, Eg. 38, Fms. vii. 307; b. til seyðis, to make the fire ‘boun’ for cooking, Nj. 199; b. til vetrsetu, to make ‘boun’ for a winter abode, Fms. x. 42; til-búa, and fyrir-b., to prepare; eg fer héðan að til-b. yðr stað, John xiv. 3; eignizt það ríki sem yðr var til-búið frá upphafi veraldar, Matth. xxv. 34.γ. b. um e-t, in mod. use with the notion of packing up, to make into a bundle, of parcels, letters, etc.; hence um-búningr and um-búðir, a packing, packing-cover; b. um rúm, hvílu, to make a bed; búa um e-n, to make one’s bed; var búið um þá Þórodd í seti, ok lögðusk þeir til svefns, Th.’s bed was made on the benches, and they went to sleep, Ó. H. 153; skaltú nú sjá hvar vit leggumk niðr, ok hversu ek bý um okkr (of the dying Njal), Nj. 701; er mér sagt at hann hafi illa um búit, of a dead body, 51; þeir höfðu (svá) um sik búit ( they had covered themselves so) at þá mátti eigi sjá, 261; kváðu nú Guðrúnu eiga at búa um rauða skör Bolla, said that G. would have to comb B.’s (her husband’s) bloody head, Ld. 244; búa svá um at aldri mátti vökna, pack it up so that it cannot get wet, Fms. vii. 225; Þórólfr lét setja upp skip ok um búa, he had the ship laid up and fenced it round (for the winter), Eg. 199; b. um andvirki, to fence and thatch bay-ricks, Grág. ii. 335: metaph. to manage, preserve a thing, Fms. ix. 52; aumlega búinn, in a piteous state, Hom. 115.3. to ornament, esp. with metals or artificial work of any kind, of clothes laced with gold; kyrtill hlaðbúinn, Ísl. ii. 434, Nj. 48, Vm. 129: of gloves, B. K. 84: of a belt with stones or artificial work, Fms. xi. 271: of a drinking-horn, D. N. (Fr.); but esp. of a weapon, sword, or the like, enamelled with gold or silver (gull-búinn, silfr-búinn); búin gulli ok silfri, Fms. i. 15; búinn knífr, xi. 271; vápn búit mjök, much ornamented, ii. 255, iv. 77, 130, Eb. 226, 228.β. part., búinn at e-u, or vel búinn, metaph. endowed with, well endowed; at flestum í þróttum vel búinn, Nj. 61, Fms. x. 295; at auð vel búinn, wealthy, 410; vel búinn at hreysti ok allri atgörvi, Eg. 82; bezt at viti búinn, Fms. xi. 51.II. particular use of the part. pass, ‘boun,’ ready, willing; margir munu búnir at kaupa, ready, willing to buy, Fms. vi. 218; hann kvaðsk þess fyrir löngu búinn, Ld. 66, Fms. iii. 123; nefna vátta at þeir eru búnir ( ready) at leysa kvið þann af hendi, Grág. i. 54; vóru allir til þess búnir, Fms. xi. 360: compar., engir menn sýna sik búnari ( more willing) til liðveizlu, Sturl. i. 103: the allit. phrase, vera boðinn og búinn til e-s, vide bjóða VI: denoting fitted, adapted, ek em gamall, ok lítt b. at ( little fit to) hefna sona minna, Nj. 200; þótt ek sé verr til b. en hann fyrir vanheilsu sakir, Fms. vii. 275; eiga við búið (mod. vera við búinn), to keep oneself ready, to be on one’s guard, Bs. i. 537.2. on the point of doing, about to do so and so; hann var búinn til falls, he was just about to tumble, Fms. x. 314; en áðr þeir kómu var búið til hins mesta váða, ix. 444, v. l.β. neut. búið is used almost adverbially, on the point of, just about to; ok búið við skipbroti, Ísl. ii. 245; búið við váða miklum, Fms. ix. 310; sagði at þá var búit við geig mikinn með þeim feðgum, Eg. 158: this is rare and obsolete in mod. usage; and the Icel. now say, liggja við mér lá við að detta, where an old writer would have said, ek var búinn at detta; the sense would else be ambiguous, as búinn, vera búinn, in mod. usage means to have done; ég er búinn að eta, I have done eating; vera búinn að e-u (a work, business of any kind), to have done with it; also absol., eg er búinn, I have done; thus e. g. vera b. að kaupa, fyrir löngu b., b. at græða, leysa, etc., in mod. sense means to have done, done long ago; only by adding prepp. við, til (vera við búinn, til búinn) the part. resumes its old sense: on the other hand, búinn in the sense of having done hardly ever occurs in old writers.γ. búð (búið) is even used adverbially = may be, may happen; with subj. with or without ‘at,’ búð, svá sé til ætlað, may be, it will come so to happen, Nj. 114; búð, dragi til þess sem vera vill, 185; búð, eigi fari fjarri því sem þú gazt til, id., Ed. Johns. 508, note c; búð, svá þykki sem ek grípa gulli við þá, 9, note 3; búð, eigi hendi hann slík úgipta annat sinn, 42; búð, ek láta annars víti at varnaði verða, 106; búð, vér þurfim enn hlífanna, Sturl. ii. 137 (vellum MSS.; um ríð, Ed., quite without sense), cp. also Eb. 27 new Ed.: in mod. usage it is freq. to say, það er búið, vel búið, albúið, etc., it is likely, most likely that …δ. svá búit, adverbially, and proncd. as if one word, as matters stand, or even temp. at present, as yet; eigi mun hlýða svá búit, i. e. it will not do ‘so done,’ i. e. something else must be done, Eg. 507; eigi munu þér fá at unnit svá búið, i. e. not as yet, Fms. vii. 270; stendr þar nú svá búit (i. e. unchanged), um hríð, xi. 81; en berjask eigi svo búit, not fight as yet, Nj. 229; segja Eyjólfi til svá búins, they tell Eyolf the state of things, viz. that nothing had been done, Gísl. 41; þeir skildu við svá búit; þeir lögðu frá við svá búið, implying ‘vain effort,’ Germ. ‘unverrichteter Sache,’ Ísl. ii, Hkr. i. 340: at svá búnu, adverbially, as yet, at present; hann kvaðsk eigi fýsask til Íslands at svá búnu, Nj. 123, Fms. xi. 131; þenna draum segjum vér engum manni at svá búnu, this dream we will not tell to anybody as yet, Nj. 212; en at svá búnu tjár ekki, Fas. i. 364.III. reflex. to ‘boun’ or ‘busk’ oneself, make oneself ready, equip oneself; gengu menn þá á skip sín, ok bjoggusk sem hvatligast, Fms. v. 15: adding the infinitive of a verb as predicate, bjósk hann at fara norðr til Þrandheims, Eg. 18; or ellipt., where búask thus denotes the act itself, nú býsk hann út til Íslands, i. e. he ‘busked’ him to go …, Nj. 10; bjoggusk þeir fóstbræðr í hernað, they went on a free-booting trip, Landn. 31; seg Agli at þeir búisk þaðan fimmtán, 94: or adding another verb denoting the act, in the same tense, bjósk Haraldr konungr úr Þrándheimi með skipaliði, ok fór suðr á Mæri, he ‘busked’ him … and went south, Eg. 7; the journey added in gen., búask ferðar sinnar, Fms. i. 3; búask menn ferða sinna, Ld. 177.β. denoting intention, hidden or not put into action; fór sá kurr, at Skúli byggisk á land upp, Fms. ix. 483.2. to prepare for a thing; búask við boði, veizlu, etc., Nj. 10, Korm. 10; b. (vel, kristilega) við dauða sínum, andláti sínu, (eccl.) to prepare for one’s death, Fs. 80, Bs. i. 74; búask við vetri, to provide for the winter, get store in, Fms. xi. 415; b. við úfriði, vii. 23.β. to be on one’s guard, take steps to prevent a thing; nú ríða hér úvinir þínir at þér; skaltu svá við búask, i. e. be sure of that, make up thy mind, Nj. 264; bústu svá við, skal hann kveða, at …, Grág. ii. 244.γ. such phrases as, búask um = búa um sik, to make one’s own bed, encamp, make oneself comfortable, Nj. 259; tjölduðu búðir ok bjöggusk vel um, 219; var hörð veðrátta, svá at ekki mátti úti um búask, Fms. x. 13. Ld. 348; in the last passage the verb is deponent.3. metaph., b. við e-u, to expect, freq. in mod. usage; in phrases, það er ekki við að búast, it cannot be expected; búast við e-m, to expect a guest, or the like.β. to intend, think about; eg býst við að koma, I hope to come; eg bjóst aldrei við því, I never hoped for that, it never entered my mind, and in numberless cases.4. passive (very rare and not classical); um kveldit er matr bjósk = er m. var búinn, Fms. ix. 364. -
10 καταφύω
A implant, insert, [ἡ φύσις νεῦρα] εἰς τὰς σάρκας κατέφυσε Gal.UP1.18
, cf. 4.11:—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor. 2κατ έφυν Hsch.
(also in part. - φυέν Id.): [tense] pf. -πέφυκα Plu.2.442c
:— to be inserted, of muscles, nerves, etc., Gal.5.563,7.185, UP13.12 ([tense] pres. [voice] Act. in same sense, Id.2.240); penetrate,εἰς τὴν πεπονθυῖαν σάρκα Id.18(2).599
: generally, to be produced, περὶ τὸ σῶμα Plu.l.c.II [voice] Med., overrun a country, Suid., Phot.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > καταφύω
-
11 φυσάω
I abs., blow, puff (opp. ἀάζω, Arist.Pr. 964a11), of bellows,φῦσαι.. ἐφύσων Il.18.470
; of the wind, 23.218; of men,φυσητῆρας ἐσθέντες.. φυσῶσι τοῖσι στόμασι Hdt.4.2
, cf. Th.4.100, Call.l.c.; δεινὰ φυσᾷ snorts furiously, E.IA 381 (troch.); metaph. from a flute-player, ; μέγαφυσᾶν, Lat. magnum spirare, E.IA 125 (anap.);οἱ φυσῶντες ἐφ' ἑαυτοῖς μέγα Men.302
;μεγάλα φ. Id.Epit. 492
, Ph.2.85;ἡλίκον ἐφύσα τότε Luc.Nec.12
; αἷμαφυσῶν Ἄρης breathing blood and murder, S.El. 1385 (lyr.); πολιτικὸν φύσημα φ. swell with political pride, Pl. Alc.2.145e; abs.,παύου φυσῶν Ephipp.5.20
(anap.);οὐκ ἐφύσων οἱ Λάκωνες ὡς ἀπόρθητοί ποτε; Antiph.117
(troch.);τῇ γένῇ φυσῶντες Herod.2.32
;φυσῶσα ἐπὶ τῷ γένει D.Chr.58.5
.II trans., puff or blow up, distend, φ. κύστιν blow up a bladder, Ar.Nu. 405 (anap.); of bag-pipers, Id.Ach. 863; φ. δίκτυον, prov. of labour in vain, Phryn. PSp.121 B.; φ. τὴν γνάθον, of one going to be shaved, Ar.Th. 221 (but φ. τὰς γνάθους to puff them up, of pride, D.19.314); distend, of disease, AP11.13 (Ammian.):—[voice] Pass.,ἀσκοὶ πεφυσαμένοι Sophr.
in PSI11.1214d9 (cf. Epich.246);φλέβας φυσωμένας Hdt.4.2
;ἡ γαστὴρ ἐπεφύσητό μου Ar.Pl. 699
;πρόβατα ἀποδαρέντα καὶ φυσηθέντα X.An.3.5.9
; πεφυσημένοι puffy, swollen, opp. εὔχροοι, Id.Lac.5.8.b later of a solid swelling, e.g. of the tongue,ὅταν φυσηθῇ Aët.8.40
; of the male breasts at puberty,φυσῶνται κατὰ ποσόν Paul.Aeg.6.46
.2 metaph., puff one up, make him vain, and so cheat him, D.13.12, 59.38;φ. αὐτὸς ἑαυτόν Aristaenet.1.27
:—[voice] Pass., to be puffed up,ἐπὶ δυνάμει X.Mem.1.2.25
, cf. D.59.97, Arr.Epict.2.16.10;ὑπὸ τῆς τύχης Plu. 2.68f
;πεφυσημένοι τὴν ψυχήν D.Chr.30.19
.6 blow a wind instrument,φ. κόχλους E. IT 303
; also φυσᾶν abs., Ar.Av. 859, cf. Epigr. ap. Ath.8.337f; φυσᾶντες ([dialect] Boeot.) Ar.Ach. 868; χέρ' ἐφύση blew into.., Theoc.19.3:—[voice] Pass.,κόχλου φυσηθέντος Id.22.77
.7 [voice] Pass., to be blown about, ;πέτεται [ὁ πάππος].., ὑπὸ τῶν παιδίων φ. Eub.107.22
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12 φύω
φύω, Il.6.148, etc.; [dialect] Aeol. [full] φυίω fort. leg. in Alc.97: [tense] impf. ἔφυον, [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3sg.Aφύεν Il.14.347
: [tense] fut. φύσω [ῡ] 1.235, S.OT 438: [tense] aor.ἔφῡσα Od.10.393
, etc.:—[voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., 9.109, Pi.O.4.28, etc.: [tense] fut. , Hp.Mochl.42, Pl.Lg. 831a, etc.: similar in sense are the intr. tenses, [tense] pf.πέφῡκα Od.7.114
, etc., [dialect] Ep.[ per.] 3pl.πεφύᾱσι Il.4.484
, Od.7.128; [ per.] 3sg. subj. πεφύῃ ([etym.] ἐμ-) Thgn.396; [dialect] Ep. part. fem. πεφυυῖα ([etym.] ἐμ-) Il.1.513, acc. pl.πεφυῶτας Od.5.477
; [dialect] Dor. inf.πεφύκειν Epich.173.3
: [tense] plpf.ἐπεφύκειν X.Cyr.5.1.9
, Pl.Ti. 69e; [dialect] Ep.πεφύκειν Il.4.109
; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. , Op. 149: [tense] aor. 2 ἔφῡν (as if from φῦμι) Od.10.397, etc.: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg.φῦ Il.6.253
, etc., [ per.] 3pl. ἔφυν (for ἔφῡσαν, which is also [ per.] 3pl. of [tense] aor. 1) Od.5.481, etc.; subj. φύω orφυῶ E.Fr.377.2
, Pl.R. 415c, 597c, Hp.Carn.12; [ per.] 3sg. opt.φύη Theoc.15.94
, ([etym.] συμ-) Sor.2.89; inf. φῦναι, [dialect] Ep.φύμεναι Theoc. 25.39
,φῦν Parm.8.10
; part.φύς Od.18.410
, etc., [dialect] Boeot. fem.φοῦσα Corinn.21
: ἔφυσεν, = ἔφυ, dub. in IG14.2126.5 ([place name] Rome); conversely ἔφυ, = ἔφυσεν, ib.3.1350, Sammelb. 5883 ([place name] Cyrene): later, [tense] fut. , [voice] Pass.φυήσομαι Gp.2.37.1
, Them.Or.21.248c (in Luc. JTr.19 ἀναφύσεσθαι is restored): [tense] aor. 2 [voice] Pass.ἐφύην J.AJ18.1.1
, prob. in BSA28.124 ([place name] Didyma), ([etym.] ἀν-) Thphr.HP4.16.2; inf.φυῆναι Dsc.2.6
, ([etym.] ἀνα-) D.S.1.7; part.φῠείς Hp.Nat.Puer.22
, Trag.Adesp. 529, PTeb.787.30 (ii B. C.), Ev.Luc.8.6: [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Pass.συμ-φυθείς Gal. 7.725
. [Generally [pron. full] ῠ before a vowel, [dialect] Ep., Trag. (A.Th. 535, S.Fr. 910.2), etc., [pron. full] ῡ before a consonant; butφῡει Trag.Adesp.454.2
,φῡεται S.Fr.88.4
, Trag.Adesp. 543 ( = Men.565); ; ἐφῡετο prob. in Ar.Fr. 680, cf. Nic.Al.14, D.P.941, 1013; even in thesi,προσφῡονται Nic.Al. 506
,φῡουσιν D.P.1031
; also in compds.]A trans., in [tense] pres., [tense] fut., and [tense] aor. 1 [voice] Act.:—bring forth, produce, put forth,φύλλα.. ὕλη τηλεθόωσα φύει Il.6.148
; , cf. 1.235, Od.7.119, etc.;ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς E.Ba. 651
; so τρίχες.., ἃς πρὶν ἔφυσεν φάρμακον made the hair grow, Od.10.393, cf. A.Th. 535;φ. χεῖρε, πόδε, ὀφθαλμὰ ἀνθρώποις X.Mem.2.3.19
; of a country, ;ὅσα γῆ φύει Pl.R. 621a
, cf. Anaxag.4.2 beget, engender, E.Ph. 869, etc.;Ἄτλας.. θεῶν μιᾶς ἔφυσε Μαῖαν E. Ion3
, cf. Trag.Adesp.454.2; so of God creating man, Antipho 4.1.2, cf. Plu.2.1065c; ὁ φύσας the begetter, father (opp. ὁ φύς the son, v. infr. B.1.2), S.OT 1019, Ar.V. 1472 (lyr.);ὁ φ. πατήρ E.Hel.87
;ὁ φ. χἠ τεκοῦσα Id.Alc. 290
;τὴν τεκοῦσαν ἢ τὸν φύσαντα Lys.10.8
; of both parents,γονεῦσι οἵ σ' ἔφυσαν S.OT 436
;οἱ φύσαντες E.Ph.34
, cf. Fr. 403.2;φ. τε καὶ γεννᾶν Pl.Plt. 274a
;ὦ γάμοι γάμοι, ἐφύσαθ' ἡμᾶς S.OT 1404
; ἥδ' ἡμέρα φύσει σε will bring to light thy birth, ib. 438; .3 of individuals in reference to the growth of parts of themselves, φ. πώγωνα, γλῶσσαν, κέρεα, grow or get a beard, etc., Hdt.8.104, 2.68, 4.29;φ. πτερά Ar. Av. 106
, Pl.Phdr. 251c; ; φ. τρίχας, πόδας καὶ πτερά, etc., Arist.HA 518a33, 554a29, etc.: for the joke in φύειν φράτερας, v. φράτηρ.4 metaph., φρένας φῦσαι get understanding, S.OC 804, El. 1463 (but alsoθεοὶ φύουσιν ἀνθρώποις φρένας Id.Ant. 683
): prov., ἁλιεὺς πληγεὶς νοῦν φύσει 'once bit, twice shy', Sch.Pl.Smp. 222b; ; δόξαν φῦσαι get glory or to form a high opinion of oneself, Hdt.5.91;θεὸς.. αἰτίαν φύει βροτοῖς A.Niob.
in PSI11.1208.15;αὑτῷ πόνους φῦσαι S. Ant. 647
.II in [tense] pres. seemingly intr., put forth shoots,εἰς ἔτος ἄλλο φύοντι Mosch.3.101
;δρύες.. φύοντι Theoc.7.75
, cf. 4.24: so ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἡ μὲν φύει ἡ δ' ἀπολήγει one generation is putting forth scions, the other is ceasing to do so, Il.6.149; ἐν στήθεσι φύει (fort. φυίει) grows up, appears, Alc.97;ῥίζα ἄνω φύουσα ἐν χολῇ LXXDe. 29.18
.B [voice] Pass., with intr. tenses of [voice] Act., [tense] aor. 2, [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf., grow, wax, spring up or forth, esp. of the vegetable world,θάμνος ἔφυ ἐλαίης Od.23.190
, cf. 5.481; ;τά γ' ἄσπαρτα φύονται 9.109
, cf. Il.4.483, 14.288, 21.352;φύεται αὐτόματα ῥόδα Hdt.8.138
, cf. 1.193; growing there,Id.
2.56; πεφυκότα δένδρα trees growing there, X.Cyr.4.3.5;τὰ φυόμενα καὶ τὰ γιγνόμενα Pl.Cra. 410d
, cf. Phd. 110d, Plt. 272a; τοῦ κέρα ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἑκκαιδεκάδωρα πεφύκει from his head grew horns sixteen palms long, Il.4.109, cf. Hdt.1.108, 3.133;φύονται πολιαί Pi.O.4.28
; κεφαλαὶ πεφυκυῖαι θριξί grown with hair, D.S.2.50 (s. v.l.); is produced,X.
Vect.1.4: metaph., νόσημα ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ φυόμενον, φυομένη πόλις, Pl.R. 564b, Lg. 757d; ὁ σπέρμα παρασχών, οὗτος τῶν φύντων αἴτιος [κακῶν] of the things produced, D.18.159; also κατὰ πάντων ἐφύετο waxed great by or upon their depression, ib. 19. —In this sense [tense] aor. 2 is rare (v. supr.), exc. in phrases such as ἔν τ' ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί (v. ἐμφύω), Od.2.302.2 of persons, to be begotten or born, most freq. in [tense] aor. 2 and [tense] pf.,ὁ λωφήσων οὐ πέφυκέ πω A.Pr. 27
;τίς ἂν εὔξαιτο βροτὸς ὢν ἀσινεῖ δαίμονι φῦναι; Id.Ag. 1342
(anap.); μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λόγον not to be born is best, S.OC 1224 (lyr.); γονῇ πεφυκὼς.. γεραιτέρᾳ ib. 1294; ; φύς τε καὶ τραφείς ib. 396c;μήπω φῦναι μηδὲ γενέσθαι X.Cyr.5.1.7
, cf. Pl.Smp. 197a: construed with gen., πεφμκέναι or φῦναί τινος to be born or descended from any one, , cf. S.OC 1379, etc.;θνατᾶς ἀπὸ ματρὸς ἔφυ Pi.Fr.61
, cf. S.OT 1359 (lyr.), Ant. 562;ἀπ' εὐγενοῦς ῥίζης E.IT 610
; , etc.;φ. ἔκ τινος S.OT 458
, E.Heracl. 325, Pl.R. 415c, etc.;ἐκ χώρας τινός Isoc.4.24
, etc.; οἱ μετ' ἐκείνου φύντες, opp. οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνου γεγονότες, Is.8.30;ἐκ θεῶν γεγονότι.. διὰ βασιλέων πεφυκότι X.Cyr.7.2.24
.II in [tense] pres., become, οὐδεὶς ἐχθρὸς οὔτε φύεται πρὸς χρήμαθ' οἵ τε φύντες .. S.Fr. 88.4;πιστοὺς φύσει φύεσθαι X.Cyr.8.7.13
; the [tense] pf. and [tense] aor. 2 take a [tense] pres. sense, to be so and so by nature, κακός, σοφός πέφυκα ([etym.] - κώς), etc., S.Ph. 558, 1244, etc.;δρᾶν ἔφυν ἀμήχανος Id.Ant.79
; φύντ' ἀρετᾷ born for virtue, i.e. brave and good by nature, Pi.O.10(11).20; so of things, (anap.), cf. Pl.Grg. 479d, etc.;εὐχροώτεροι ὁρῷντο ἢ πεφύκασιν X.Cyr.8.1.41
, cf. Oec.10.2; [τὸ πῦρ] πέφυκε τοιοῦτον Id.Cyr.5.1.10
;τἄλλα ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἔτυχε, πέφυκεν D.37.56
: with Advs., ἱκανῶς πεφυκότες of good natural ability, Antipho 2.1.1;δυσκόλως πεφ. Isoc.9.6
;οὕτως πεφ. X.HG7.1.7
; alsoοἱ καλῶς πεφυκότες S.El. 989
, cf. Lys.2.20;οἱ βέλτιστα φύντες Pl.R. 431c
: then, simply, to be so and so,φῦναι Ζηνὶ πιστὸν ἄγγελον A.Pr. 969
;θεοῦ μήτηρ ἔφυς Id.Pers. 157
(troch.);γυναῖκε.. ἔφυμεν S.Ant.62
; Ἅιδης ὁ παύσων ἔφυ ib. 575; : c. part.,νικᾶν.. χρῄζων ἔφυν S.Ph. 1052
;πρέπων ἔφυς.. φωνεῖν Id.OT9
, cf. 587;τοῦτο ἴδιον ἔφυμεν ἔχοντες Isoc.4.48
, cf. 11.41, X.Smp.4.54.2 c. inf., to be formed or disposed by nature to do so and so,τὰ δεύτερα πέφυκε κρατεῖν Pi.Fr. 279
; ; , cf. Ant. 688;φύσει μὴ πεφυκότα τοιαῦτα φωνεῖν Id.Ph.79
;πεφύκασι δ' ἅπαντες.. ἁμαρτάνειν Th.3.45
, cf. 2.64, 3.39, 4.61, etc.;πέφυκε.. τρυφὴ.. ἦθος διαφθείρειν Jul.Or.1.15c
.3 with Preps., γυνὴ.. ἐπὶ δακρύοις ἔφυ is by nature prone to tears, E.Med. 928; ἔρως γὰρ ἀργόν, κἀπὶ τοῖς ἀργοῖς ἔφυ is inclined to idleness, Id.Fr. 322; also ;εἴς τι Aeschin.3.132
; most freq.πρός τι, οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασι Arist.Rh. 1355a16
;εὖ πρὸς ἀρετὴν πεφυκότες X. Mem.4.1.2
;πρὸς πόλεμον μᾶλλον.. ἢ πρὸς εἰρήνην Pl.R. 547e
;κάλλιστα φ. πρός τι X.HG7.1.3
, etc.; alsoπρός τινι Id.Ath.2.19
(s. v.l., cf. Plb.9.29.10); alsoεὖ πεφ. κατά τι D.37.55
.4 c. dat., fall to one by nature, be one's natural lot,πᾶσι θνατοῖς ἔφυ μόρος S.El. 860
(lyr.); ;ἐφύετο κοινὸς πᾶσι κίνδυνος D.60.18
, cf. X.Cyr.4.3.19.6 abs., ὡς πέφυκε as is natural, X.Cyn.6.15, al.; ; also expressed personally,τοῖς ἁπλῶς, ὡς πεφυκασι, βαδίζουσι D.45.68
: also freq. in part., τὰ φύσει πεφυκότα the order of nature, Lys.2.29; φύντα, opp. ὁμολογηθέντα, Antipho Soph. 44A i 32 (Vorsokr.5); ἄνθρωπος πεφυκώς man as he is, X.Cyr.1.1.3. (Cf. Skt. bhū- 'to be, become', Lith. búti 'to be', Lat. fui, Eng. be, etc.) -
13 γῆρας
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `old age' (Il.).Derivatives: γηραιός `old' (Hes.; cf. γεραιός s. γέρας), γηραλέος `id.' (Anakr.; after the adj. in - αλέος; not with Schwyzer 516 from an old σ-less stem), γηράεις `id.' (Alc., s. Chantr. Form. 272f.). Further γήρειον `thistledown' (Arat.) and γηράνιον γεραν\< ογέρων\> H.; cf. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 159 n. 1; γηράμων H., glossed as (*) γράζα. - γηράσκω `get old' (Il.), aor. 3. sg. ἐγήρα, ptc. γηράς (Il.), inf. γηράναι or γηρᾶναι (A., cf. Schwyzer 682); aor. ἐγήρασα (Hdt.; also as causative like ἔφυσα: ἔφυν, Schwyzer 755γ); fut. γηράσομαι, - σω (Ion.-Att.), later γεγήρακα, ἐγηράθην. New present γηράω (X.); aor. γηρείς (Xenoph.) after δαμείς. - From γηράσκω: γηράσιμος `getting older' (Tlos), and γήρανσις (Arist.) after ὑγίανσις (Chantraine 281).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [390] *ǵerh₂- `be, become old'Etymology: Beside γέρας wit remarkable long vowel, which has been explained as coming from the s-aorist, but this cannot be shown (Hardarsson, Wurzelaorist (1993) 72-6).Vgl. γέρας, γέρων, γραῦς.Page in Frisk: 1,304-305Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > γῆρας
См. также в других словарях:
ἐφύσα — ἐφύ̱σᾱ , φυσάω blow imperf ind act 3rd sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἔφυσα — ἔφῡσα , ἐφύω rain upon aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic) ἔφῡσα , φύω bring forth aor ind act 1st sg φύζω aor ind act 1st sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ίστημι — ἵστημι (ΑΜ) 1. τοποθετώ όρθιο κάτι, στήνω («ἔγχος μέν ῥ ἔστησε φέρων πρὸς κίονα» Ομ. Ιλ.) 2. (για ανδριάντες, οικοδομές, τρόπαια) ιδρύω, εγείρω («ἔστησε τρόπαια») μσν. (το μέσ.) ἵσταμαι 1. είμαι όρθιος, στέκομαι 2. (για οικοδομήματα) υψώνομαι,… … Dictionary of Greek
προσφέρω — ΝΜΑ, και προσφέρνω Ν, και δωρ. τ. ποτιφέρω Α [φέρω] 1. δίνω κάτι ευγενικά ως δώρο, δωρίζω, χαρίζω (α. «η εταιρεία τού προσέφερε για τις υπηρεσίες του ένα ταξίδι» β. «καὶ δῶρα... χρυσοῡ τε καὶ ἀργύρου προσεφέρετο», Θουκ.) 2. (σχετικά με έδεσμα ή… … Dictionary of Greek
χιονιστής — ο, Ν 1. χιονιάς 2. ψυχρός άνεμος που πνέει από ψηλά μέρη, όπου έχει χιονίσει («κραταιός και βαρύπνοος βορράς, χιονιστής, εφύσα κατά τας παραμονάς τής αγίας ημέρας», Παπαδ.). [ΕΤΥΜΟΛ. < χιονίζω. Η λ. μαρτυρείται από το 1816 στον Ι. Ρίζο… … Dictionary of Greek
ἔφυσ' — ἔφῡσαι , ἐφύω rain upon aor imperat mid 2nd sg ἔφῡσα , ἐφύω rain upon aor ind act 1st sg (homeric ionic) ἔφῡσε , ἐφύω rain upon aor ind act 3rd sg (homeric ionic) ἔφῡσα , φύω bring forth aor ind act 1st sg ἔφῡσε , φύω bring forth aor ind act … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
bheu-, bheu̯ǝ- (bhu̯ā-, bhu̯ē-) : bhō̆ u- : bhū- — bheu , bheu̯ǝ (bhu̯ā , bhu̯ē ) : bhō̆ u : bhū English meaning: to be; to grow Deutsche Übersetzung: ursprũnglich “wachsen, gedeihen” Note: (probably = “to swell”), compare O.Ind. prábhūta ḥ with O.Ind. bhūri ḥ etc under *b(e)u … Proto-Indo-European etymological dictionary
