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1 ἐχθρός
A hated, hateful, of persons and things, freq. from Hom. downwds. (Hom. has it only in this pass. sense);ἐ. γάρ μοι κεῖνος ὁμῶς Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσι Od.14.156
, Il.9.312; ἐχθρὸν δέ μοί ἐστιν c.inf., 'tis hateful to me to.., Od.12.452;θεοῖσιν ἐ. Hes.Th. 766
, Thgn.601, Ar.Eq.34;ὁ θεοῖσιν ἐ. Pl.Com.74
, etc.; cf. θεοισεχθρός.II [voice] Act., hating, hostile, first in Hes. and Pi. (v. infr. 111), τινι D.10.11, X.Ages.6.1, etc.: c. gen., ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδόν averse from insolence, Pi.O.7.90: abs.,ἐ. γλῶσσα A.Ch. 309
(anap.); (anap.), etc.;ἀστέρες Vett.Val.143.5
.III as Subst., ἐχθρός, ὁ, enemy, where the act. and pass. senses freq. coincide, Hes.Op. 342, Pi.P.2.84, etc.;ἀνὴρ ἐ. Hdt.1.92
;ὁ Διὸς ἐ. A.Pr. 120
(anap.);ἐχθροῖς ἐχθρὰ πορσύνων Id.Ag. 1374
;εἴ.. τινα ἴδοι ἐχθρὸν ἑαυτοῦ Th.4.47
;οἱ ἐμοὶ ἐ. Id.6.89
, etc.—Acc. to Ammon.Diff.p.63 V., ἐχθρός is one who has been φίλος, but is alienated; πολέμιος one who is at war; δυσμενής one who has long been alienated and refuses to be reconciled.IV regul. [comp] Comp.ἐχθρότερος D.Prooem.40.3
, AP5.160 (Hedyl. or Asclep.); [comp] Sup. - ότατος Pi.N.1.65, S.OT 1346 (lyr.), D.19.300: but more freq. irreg. ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος (qq.v.). -
2 ἐχθρός
ἐχθρός, ά, όν (s. prec. entry; Hom.+) ‘hostile’① pert. to being subjected to hostility, hated, pass. (Hom.; θεοῖς ἐ. since Hes., Theog. 766, also Pla., Rep. 1, 23, 352b; Epict. 3, 22, 91; Ael. Aristid. 28, 15 K.=49 p. 495 D.; Alciphron 3, 12, 5; Athen. 6, 225c; Achilles Tat. 7, 6, 3, likew. X., Cyr. 5, 4, 35 καὶ θεοῖς ἐ. καὶ ἀνθρώποις.—Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 88 πᾶς ἐ. θεῷ) Ro 11:28, where the pass. sense becomes at least quite probable because of the contrast w. ἀγαπητός, otherwise the passage belongs in 2bα.② pert. to being hostile, hating, hostile, act. (Pind., Hdt. et al.; LXX)ⓐ adj. (X., An. 1, 3, 12; 20; PGM 36, 144; Sir 36:9; Jos., Ant. 11, 27; Just., D. 93, 2 ἐν συνειδήσεσιν ἐ.; Mel., P. 16, 110 al.) ἐ. ἄνθρωπος (Horapollo 2, 35) Mt 13:28. The position of ἐ. before ἄ. (difft. Esth 7:6) suggests that ἐ. is an adj. here, giving the sense hostile person; but ἄ. by itself could also serve to emphasize indefiniteness: some enemy = any enemy at all (s. EKlostermann, Hdb. ad loc.). Then this example would also belong to b.ⓑ subst. (Hes., Pind.; PEdg 14 [=Sb 6720], 18 [257/256 B.C.]; LXX, En 103:12; Test12Patr, EpArist, Philo, Joseph.; SibOr 3, 727) ὁ ἐ. the (personal) enemy.α. abs. 2 Cl 6:3. Enemies of humans (PsSol 17:13; Ar. 15:5; Just., A I, 68, 1 al; Mel., P. 24, 175 al.) Lk 1:74; 2 Th 3:15; D 1:3b; B 16:4; 2 Cl 13:4. Enemies of God or Christ (Just., A I, 51, 1) Ro 5:10; 11:28 (but s. 1 above); 1 Cor 15:25; Col 1:21; 1 Cl 36:6. Death as the last enemy 1 Cor 15:26. The devil as enemy (cp. TestSol 1:2 D; TestJob 47:10; TestDan 6:3f; JosAs 12:8; GrBar 13:2; ApcMos 2:7 al. Mel., P. 102, 783) Lk 10:19; cp. Mt 13:39.β. w. gen. of the pers. who is the obj. of the enmity: people Mt 5:43f; Lk 6:27, 35 (cp. Ox 1224 Fgm. 2 recto I, 2; Delph. commands: SIG 1286 I, 15; 16 [III B.C.] φίλοις εὐνόει, ἐχθροὺς ἀμύνου; Sextus 213 εὔχου τοὺς ἐχθροὺς εὐεργετεῖν; Pittacus in Diog. L. 1, 78 φίλον μὴ λέγειν κακῶς, ἀλλὰ μηδὲ ἐχθρόν; Epict. 3, 22, 54 as a principle of the Cynic philosopher: δερόμενον φιλεῖν [δεῖ] αὐτοὺς τοὺς δέροντας … ὡς ἀδελφόν ‘while enduring a flogging he must think as a brother and love his very floggers’; Vi. Aesop. G 110 P.; Hierocles 7 p. 430 οὐδεὶς ἐχθρὸς τῷ σπουδαίῳ … μισεῖ οὐδένα ἄνθρωπον … φιλία πρὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους.—HHaas, Idee u. Ideal d. Feindesliebe in d. ausserchr. Welt 1927; MWaldmann, D. Feindesliebe in d. ant. Welt u. im Christent. 1902; TBirt. Chr. Welt 29, 1915, 475–83; FKattenbusch, StKr 89, 1916, 1–70; PFiebig, ibid. 91, 1918, 30–64; 305f; JYates, Theology 44, ’42, 48–51; Betz, SM 301–13); Mt 10:36; 13:25; Lk 1:71; 19:27; Ro 12:20 (Pr 25:21); Gal 4:16; Rv 11:5, 12; GJs 6:3. God or Christ as the object of enmity Mt 22:44; Mk 12:36; Lk 20:43; Ac 2:35; Hb 1:13; 10:13; B 12:10; 1 Cl 36:5 (all Ps 109:1). ἐχθρὸς τ. θεοῦ Js 4:4 (cp. Aeschyl., Prom. 120 ὁ Διὸς ἐ.; Just. D. 93, 4 ὡς ἐ. θεοῦ).γ. w. gen. of that which is the obj. of the enmity (Demosth. 45, 66; Philo, Conf. Lingu. 48 ἀληθείας ἐ., Somn. 2, 90 λογισμοῦ; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 291 ἀδικίας) ἐ. πάσης δικαιοσύνης enemy of all righteousness Ac 13:10. ἐ. τοῦ σταυροῦ τ. Χριστοῦ Phil 3:18 (OLinton, ConNeot 4, ’36, 9–21).—B. 1345. Schmidt, Syn. III 496–506. EDNT. M-M. TW. -
3 εχθρός
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4 ἐχθρός
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5 ἐχθρός
1 adj.a act., hostileτις ἐχθρᾷ λόγον φράσαις ἀνάγκᾳ O. 2.59
στάσιν ἐχθρὰν κουροτρόφον fr. 109. 4. c. gen., ἐπεὶ ὕβριος ἐχθρὰν ὁδὸν εὐθυπορεῖ ( hostile to arrogance: cf.φίλον P. 3.5
) O. 7.90b pass., hated, hatefulἐπεὶ τό γε λοιδορῆσαι θεοὺς ἐχθρὰ σοφία O. 9.38
ἐχθρὰ Φάλαριν κατέχει παντᾷ φάτις P. 1.96
καί τινα σὺν πλαγίῳ ἀνδρῶν κόρῳ στείχοντα τὸν ἐχθρότατον φᾶσέ νιν δώσειν μόρῳ (Boeckh: μόρον codd.: τῷ ἐχθροτάτῳ μόρῳ Beck) N. 1.65ἐχθρὰ δ' ἄρα πάρφασις ἦν καὶ πάλαι N. 8.32
ἐχθρὰν ἔριν οὐ παλίγγλωσσον Παρθ. 2. 63.2 subs., foe, adversaryποτὶ δ' ἐχθρὸν ἅτ ἐχθρὸς ἐὼν λύκοιο δίκαν ὑποθεύσομαι P. 2.84
κατὰ λαύρας δ' ἐχθρῶν ἀπάοροι πτώσσοντι P. 8.86
κεῖνος αἰνεῖν καὶ τὸν ἐχθρὸν παντὶ θυμῷ σύν τε δίκᾳ καλὰ ῥέζοντ' ἔννεπεν P. 9.95
χρὴ δὲ πᾶν ἔρδοντ' ἀμαυρῶσαι τὸν ἐχθρόν I. 4.48
εἰ δέ τις ἀρκέων φίλοις ἔχθροῖσι τραχὺς ὑπαντιάζει Pae. 2.32
]ς ἐχθρῶν ὁμιλήσειε[ Πα. 13b. 1.3 n. pl. acc., pro adv. [ὁ δ] ἐχθρὰ νοήσαις ἤδη φθόνος οἴχεται with hostile intent Pae. 2.54 -
6 ἐχθρός
ἐχθρός: hateful, odious.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἐχθρός
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7 ἐχθρός
-ά,-όν + A 58-92-39-158-109=456 Gn 14,20; 49,8; Ex 15,6.9; 23,4hating, hostile Ps 60(61),4; ὁ ἐχθρός enemy Gn 14,20*Ez 35,5 ἐχθρῶν enemies-איבים for MT אידם their trouble; *Jb 22,25 ἀπὸ ἐχθρῶν from enemies-צרי/מ for MT בצריך your gold→NIDNTT; SCHLEUSNER(Jb 22,25); TWNT -
8 εχθρός
1) enemy2) foeΕλληνικά-Αγγλικά νέο λεξικό (Greek-English new dictionary) > εχθρός
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9 ἔχθος
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `hatred, enmity' (Il.).Compounds: As 2. member in φιλ-εχθής `who is prone to hate' (Theoc. 5, 137),.Derivatives: ἐχθρός `hated' (thus always in Hom.), `hateful', m. `enemy' (Hes., Pi.); with ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος (A. resp. Il.); ἔχθρα, ion. - ρη f. `hate, enmity' (Ion.-Att., Pi.; on the formation Chantraine Formation 226). - Verbs: ἔχθομαι, only present-stem, `be hated' (Od.), act. ἔχθω `hate' (trag.); ἀπ-εχθάνομαι (β 202), aor. ἀπ-εχθέσθαι (Il.), fut. ἀπ-εχθήσομαι (Hdt.), late present ἀπ-έχθομαι (Theoc., Lyc.) `make oneself hated' with ἀπεχθής `hated' (S., D.), ἀπέχθεια `be hated, hate' (Att.), ἀπέχθημα `object of hate' (E. Tr. 425; cf. Chantraine Formation 177f.); ἐχθαίρω, aor. ἐχθῆραι, also with ἀπ-, ὑπερ-, συν-, `hate' (Il.); ἐχθραίνω, aor. ἐχθρᾶναι (X.) `be enemy, hate' with ἔχθρασμα ἔχθρα H.; ἐχθρεύω `be enemy' (LXX, Phld.).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [292] *h₁eǵʰs-to- `outsider'Etymology: The relation of the words cited is not always clear. Clearly ἐχθραίνω and ἐχθρεύω are late derivations of ἐχθρός; much older ἐχθαίρω is also a denominative of ἐχθρός (Schwyzer 725). Also ἀπ-εχθάνομαι could with r:n-interchange be related to ἐχθρός (Benveniste Origines 16), though it could as well be a nasal enlargement of ἔχθομαι, ἀπ-εχθέσθαι (Schwyzer 700, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 315f..). ἔχθομαι is acc. to Schwyzer 725 a backformation from ἐχθαίρω, but it is better connected to ἔχθος like σθένω to σθένος (Schwyzer 723). - More difficult is the interpretation of ἔχθος and ἐχθρός, for which cf. αἶσχος: αἰσχρός, κῦδος: κυδρός. If we start from ἐχθρός and consider ἔχθος with ἔχθομαι, ἐχθίων, ἔχθιστος as innovations, perhaps after κυδρός, κυδίων, κύδιστος, τὸ κῦδος, we can connect ἐχθρός with Lat. extrā `outside', exterus `being outside', and so also with ἐχθός = ἐκτός `outside' (Leumann Hom. Wörter 158 n. 1 with Keil Hermes 25, 601, s. also Pisani Ist. Lomb. 73: 2, 30; against this Wackernagel KZ 31, 41 = Kl. Schr. 1, 720); ἐχθρός then would be prop. `outside, being in foreign territory, foreigner, enemy'; cf. Lat. hostis. - More in Bq, Seiler Steigerungsformen 77f., W.-Hofmann s. ex, Pok. 292f. Now Čop KZ 74, 225f.Page in Frisk: 1,600-601Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἔχθος
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10 εχθρόταθ'
ἐχθρότατα, ἐχθρόςhated: adverbial superlἐχθρότατα, ἐχθρόςhated: neut nom /voc /acc superl plἐχθρότατε, ἐχθρόςhated: masc voc superl sgἐχθρόταται, ἐχθρόςhated: fem nom /voc superl pl -
11 ἐχθρόταθ'
ἐχθρότατα, ἐχθρόςhated: adverbial superlἐχθρότατα, ἐχθρόςhated: neut nom /voc /acc superl plἐχθρότατε, ἐχθρόςhated: masc voc superl sgἐχθρόταται, ἐχθρόςhated: fem nom /voc superl pl -
12 εχθρά
ἐχθρόςhated: neut nom /voc /acc plἐχθρά̱, ἐχθρόςhated: fem nom /voc /acc dualἐχθρά̱, ἐχθρόςhated: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
13 ἐχθρά
ἐχθρόςhated: neut nom /voc /acc plἐχθρά̱, ἐχθρόςhated: fem nom /voc /acc dualἐχθρά̱, ἐχθρόςhated: fem nom /voc sg (attic doric aeolic) -
14 εχθρότερον
ἐχθρόςhated: adverbial compἐχθρόςhated: masc acc comp sgἐχθρόςhated: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
15 ἐχθρότερον
ἐχθρόςhated: adverbial compἐχθρόςhated: masc acc comp sgἐχθρόςhated: neut nom /voc /acc comp sg -
16 'χθρων
ἐχθρῶν, ἔχθραhatred: fem gen plἐχθρῶν, ἔχθρηhatred: fem gen plἐχθρῶν, ἐχθρόςhated: fem gen plἐχθρῶν, ἐχθρόςhated: masc /neut gen pl -
17 'χθρῶν
ἐχθρῶν, ἔχθραhatred: fem gen plἐχθρῶν, ἔχθρηhatred: fem gen plἐχθρῶν, ἐχθρόςhated: fem gen plἐχθρῶν, ἐχθρόςhated: masc /neut gen pl -
18 εχθροτάτων
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19 ἐχθροτάτων
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20 εχθροτέρως
См. также в других словарях:
εχθρός — εχθρός, ο και οχτρός, ο 1. αυτός που μας μισεί και τον μισούμε. 2. πολέμιος, αντίπαλος … Νέο ερμηνευτικό λεξικό της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας (Новый толковании словарь современного греческого)
ἐχθρός — hated masc nom sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
εχθρός — ά, ό, αρσ. και εχτρός και οχτρός (ΑΜ ἐχθρός, ά, όν, Μ αρσ. και ὀχθρός και ὀχτρός) 1. αυτός εναντίον τού οποίου αισθάνεται κάποιος έχθρα, μίσος, απέχθεια, αποστροφή («ἐχθρὸς γάρ μοι κεῑνος ὅμως Ἀΐδαο πύλῃσιν», Ομ. Ιλ.) 2. (συν. το αρσ. και θηλ. ως … Dictionary of Greek
ἐχθρά — ἐχθρός hated neut nom/voc/acc pl ἐχθρά̱ , ἐχθρός hated fem nom/voc/acc dual ἐχθρά̱ , ἐχθρός hated fem nom/voc sg (attic doric aeolic) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἐχθρότερον — ἐχθρός hated adverbial comp ἐχθρός hated masc acc comp sg ἐχθρός hated neut nom/voc/acc comp sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
οὑχθρός — ἐχθρός , ἐχθρός hated masc nom sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἐχθροτάτων — ἐχθρός hated fem gen superl pl ἐχθρός hated masc/neut gen superl pl … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἐχθροτέρως — ἐχθρός hated adverbial comp ἐχθρός hated masc acc comp pl (doric) … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἐχθρόν — ἐχθρός hated masc acc sg ἐχθρός hated neut nom/voc/acc sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἐχθρότατα — ἐχθρός hated adverbial superl ἐχθρός hated neut nom/voc/acc superl pl … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)
ἐχθρότατον — ἐχθρός hated masc acc superl sg ἐχθρός hated neut nom/voc/acc superl sg … Greek morphological index (Ελληνική μορφολογικούς δείκτες)