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21 Βοανηργές
Βοανηργές (var. other spellings are found in the mss., e.g. Βοανεργές, which is also used by Just.) of Aram. composition Boanerges=Hebr. בְּנֵי רֶגֶשׁ Mk 3:17, transl. υἱοὶ βροντῆς Sons of thunder (cp. Diod S 8, 11, 2 of a house that had been struck by lightning: ὀνομάζεται Ἐμβρονταῖον=House of Thunder); surname given by Jesus to the sons of Zebedee (s. Lk 9:54). See EKautzsch, Gramm. d. Bibl. Aram. 1884, 9; Dalman, Gramm.2 144, Worte 33; 39, 4, Jesus 11; RHarris, Exp. 7th ser. III 1907, 146–52, ET 36, 1925, 139; JBoehmer, StKr 85, 1912, 458–64; EPreuschen, ZNW 18, 1918, 141–44 (s. Fischer, ibid. 23, 1924, 310f); FSchulthess, D. Problem d. Sprache Jesu 1917, 52f, ZNW 21, 1922, 243–47; GBardy, RSR 15, 1925, 167f; 18, 1928, 344; PJoüon, ibid. 438ff; AFridrichsen, SymbOsl 13, ’34, 40: ‘thunderstrokes’; JMontgomery, JBL 56, ’37, 51f; B-D-F §162, 6. (The difficulty pert. to the vowels of Boa is not yet solved; s. ThNöldeke, GGA 1884, 1022f. Nor is it certain that rges=רֶגֶשׁ; Kautzsch points to רְגַז wrath, which would make the word mean the hot-tempered. Wlh.2 ad loc. draws attention to the name Ragasbal. Schulthess first cj. benē reḥēm=fratres uterini, full brothers, then benē regeš=partisans, adherents. JRook, JBL 100, ’81, 94f attributes the problem to a transliteration technique involving an ayin/gamma change.—Pairs of brothers or sisters known by a special name: AKrappe: Amicitiae Corolla 133–46.) -
22 Ζεβεδαῖος
Ζεβεδαῖος, ου, ὁ (זַבְדַּי; Jos., Ant. 5, 33; PGrenf II, 113, 42; Just., D. 106, 3) Zebedee, father of the apostles John and James, Mt 4:21; 10:2; 20:20; 26:37; 27:56; Mk 1:19f; 3:17; 10:35; Lk 5:10; J 21:2.—BHHW III, 2205. -
23 Σαλώμη
Σαλώμη, ης, ἡ (SEG VIII, 197 [I A.D.; Jerusalem]; Joseph. index and s. B-D-F §53, 3; Mlt-H. 144) Salome, one of a number of Galilean women who followed Jesus, Mk 15:40; 16:1; GJs 19:3; 20:1, 2 (codd.); 3:4 (codd.); in case it is permissible to combine Mk 15:40 w. its parallel Mt 27:56, where the name does not occur, she was the wife of Zebedee and mother of James and John. (The daughter of Herodias mentioned but not named in Mt 14:6ff [on Mk 6:22–24 s. Ἡρῳδίας] was also called Salome, cp. Jos., Ant. 18, 136.—HDaffner, Salome, 1912; WSpeyer, D. Tod der Salome, Ac 10, ’67, 176–80; RGundry, Mark ’93, 320f.)—Kl. Pauly IV 1520; BHHW III, 1650f. -
24 Ἁλφαῖος
Ἁλφαῖος, ου, ὁ (Ἀ other edd.; Hebr. חַלְפִּי, cp. Syr.; MLidzbarski, Handb. d. nordsem. Epigraphik 1898, 275; TNöldeke, Beiträge z. semit. Sprachwissenschaft 1904, 98; Procop. Gaz., Ep. 99) Alphaeus.① father of Levi the tax-collector Λευὶν τὸν τοῦ Ἁ. Mk 2:14; Lk 5:27 D; GPt 14:60.② father of one of the 12 disciples, who is called Ἰάκωβος ὁ τοῦ Ἁ. to distinguish him from the son of Zebedee Mt 10:3; Mk 3:18, also simply Ἰ. Ἁλφαίου Lk 6:15; Ac 1:13.—On him, and the attempts to equate 2 w. Clopas, as well as 1 w. 2, s. Zahn, Forsch. 6, 1900, 323f; JChapman, JTS 7, 1906, 412ff; FMaier, BZ 4, 1906, 164ff; 255ff. -
25 Ἰάκωβος
Ἰάκωβος, ου, ὁ (Grecized form of the preceding, W-S. §10, 3; EpArist 48; 49. Oft. in Joseph., even for the patriarch [s. Ἰακώβ]. In the spelling Ἰάκουβος: POxy 276, 5 [77 A.D.]; BGU 715 II, 11; 1 Esdr 9:48) James (for the history of this name s. OED s.v. James).① son of the Galilean fisherman Zebedee, brother of John, member of the Twelve, executed by Herod Agrippa I not later than 44 A.D.: Mt 4:21; 10:2; 17:1; Mk 1:19, 29; 3:17; 5:37; 9:2; 10:35, 41; 13:3; 14:33; Lk 5:10; 6:14; 8:51; 9:28, 54; Ac 1:13a; 12:2; GEb 34, 60; Papias (2:4).—ESchwartz, Über d. Tod der Söhne Zeb. 1904; JBlinzler and ABöhling, NovT 5, ’62, 191–213.② son of Alphaeus (s. Ἁλφαῖος) also belonged to the Twelve Mt 10:3; Mk 2:14 v.l. (s. 6 below); 3:18; Lk 6:15; Ac 1:13b. This James is perh. identical with③ son of Mary Mt 27:56; Mk 16:1; Lk 24:10 (s. B-D-F §162, 3), who is called Mk 15:40 Ἰ. ὁ μικρός, James the small or the younger (μικρός 1ab.—TZahn, Forschungen VI 1900, 345f; 348ff).④ the Lord’s brother (Jos., Ant. 20, 200), later head of the Christian community at Jerusalem, confused w. 2 at an early date; Mt 13:55; Mk 6:3; 1 Cor 15:7; Gal 1:19; 2:9, 12; Ac 12:17; 15:13; 21:18; GHb 361, 7 (Lat.); probably Papias 2:4. This J. is certainly meant Js 1:1 (MMeinertz, D. Jk u. sein Verf. 1905; AMeyer, D. Rätsel des Jk 1930); Jd 1; and perh. GJs 25:1 in title and subscr.—GKittel, D. Stellg. des Jak. zu Judentum u. Heidenchristentum: ZNW 30, ’31, 145–57, D. geschichtl. Ort des Jk: ibid. 41, ’42, 71–105; KAland, D. Herrenbr. Jak. u. Jk: Neut. Entwürfe ’79, 233–45; GKittel, D. Jak. u. die Apost. Väter: ZNW 43, ’50/51, 54–112; WPrentice, in Studies in Roman Economic and Social Hist. in honor of AJohnson ’51, 144–51; PGaechter, Petrus u. seine Zeit ’58, 258–310; DLittle, The Death of James: The Brother of Jesus, diss. Rice Univ. ’71; WPratscher, Der Herrenbruder Jakobus u. die Jakobustradition ’87.⑤ father of an apostle named Judas, mentioned only by Luke: Lk 6:16a; Ac 1:13c.⑥ Mk 2:14 v.l. (s. 2 above) the tax-collector is called James (instead of Levi; s. FBurkitt, JTS 28, 1927, 273f).—HHoltzmann, Jak. der Gerechte u. seine Namensbrüder: ZWT 23, 1880, 198–221; FMaier, Z. Apostolizität des Jak. u. Jud.: BZ 4, 1906, 164–91; 255–66; HKoch, Z. Jakobusfrage Gal 1:19: ZNW 33, ’34, 204–9.—EDNT. M-M.
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