-
61 Forum Julii
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
62 forum olitorium
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
63 forum piscarium
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
64 forum suarium
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
65 Forum Voconii
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
66 piscatorium
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
67 servir
servir [sεʀviʀ]➭ TABLE 141. transitive verba. ( = être au service de) [+ pays, cause] to serve ; ( = être soldat) to serveb. [domestique] to serve• elle aime se faire servir she likes to be waited on (PROV) on n'est jamais si bien servi que par soi-même if you want something doing, do it yourselfc. ( = aider) [+ personne] to be of service to• servir les ambitions/intérêts de qn to serve sb's ambitions/interests• le boucher m'a bien servi (en qualité) the butcher has given me good meat ; (en quantité) the butcher has given me a good amount for my money• on vous sert, Madame ? are you being served?• « Madame est servie » "dinner is served"• ils voulaient de la neige, ils ont été servis ! they wanted snow - and they certainly weren't disappointed!e. ( = donner) [+ rafraîchissement, plat] to serve• servir le déjeuner/dîner to serve (up) lunch/dinner• « servir frais » "serve chilled"2. intransitive verb• ne jette pas cette boîte, ça peut toujours servir don't throw that box away - it may still come in handy• est-ce que cela pourrait vous servir ? could this be of any use to you?• à quoi sert cet objet ? what's this thing used for?• cela ne servirait pas à grand-chose de dire... it wouldn't be much use saying...► servir de ( = être utilisé comme) [personne] to act as ; [ustensile, objet] to serve as3. reflexive verba. (à table, dans une distribution) to help o.s.b.se servir de ( = utiliser) to use* * *sɛʀviʀ
1.
1) gén to serveservir quelque chose à quelqu'un, servir quelqu'un en quelque chose — to serve somebody (with) something
‘Madame est servie’ — ‘dinner is served Madam’
‘servir frais’ — ‘serve chilled’
2) fig ( être utile à) [situation] to help [personne, cause]; to serve [intérêt]; [personne] to further [ambition, intérêt]3) (colloq) ( donner)4) Jeux to deal [cartes]
2.
servir à verbe transitif indirect1) litservir à quelqu'un — [pièce, maison, salle] to be used by somebody
2) fig to come in usefulcela ne sert à rien — ( objet) it's useless; ( action) it's no good
3.
servir de verbe transitif indirect ( avoir la fonction)
4.
verbe intransitif1) Armée3) ( être employé)servir dans un café — gén to work as a waiter in a café; ( au bar) to work as a barman
4) ( être utilisé) to be used
5.
se servir verbe pronominal1) (à boire, à manger) to help oneself2) ( dans un magasin) to serve oneself; ( faire ses courses)3) ( faire usage de)se servir de quelque chose/quelqu'un — to use something/somebody
4) Culinaire to be served
6.
verbe impersonnel••on n'est jamais si bien servi que par soi-même — Proverbe if you want something done it's better to do it yourself
* * *sɛʀviʀ1. vt1) (en tant que sujet, citoyen) [autorité, idéal, patrie] to serve2) (au restaurant) [dîneur, consommateur] to wait on, to serve3) (à table) [invité] to serveservir qn de qch — to help sb to sth, to serve sb with sth
4) [vin, plats] to serveIls ont servi un plat délicieux. — They served a delicious meal.
servir qch à qn — to serve sb with sth, to help sb to sth
5) (au magasin) [client] to serve, to attend to6) (= être avantageux à)7) COMMERCE, [rente] to pay8)servir à qn [diplôme, livre] — to be of use to sb
Cette perceuse m'a beaucoup servi. — I've used this drill a lot.
ça m'a servi pour réparer... — I used it to fix...
Ça m'a beaucoup servi pour mes examens. — It was very useful for my exams.
9)servir à qch/à faire [outil] — to be used for sth/for doing
à quoi cela sert de faire...? — what's the use of doing...?
Ça ne sert à rien d'insister. — It's no use insisting.
10)Le dictionnaire a servi de cale. — The dictionary was used as a wedge., The dictionary served as a wedge.
Le dictionnaire m'a servi de cale. — I used the dictionary as a wedge.
2. vi1) [chose] (= être utile) to come in useful, to be of useÇa peut encore servir. — It might still come in useful., It might still come in handy.
2) (en tant que domestique) to be in serviceIl a servi pendant plus de vingt ans chez les McDuff. — He was in service for more than twenty years at the McDuffs'.
3) (en tant que soldat) to serveIl a servi dans l'infanterie. — He served in the infantry.
4) (au restaurant) to serveOn ne sert plus après 14h. — We don't serve after 2 pm.
servir à dîner à qn — to serve dinner to sb, to serve sb dinner
5) TENNIS to serveÀ toi de servir. — It's your serve.
6) CARTES to deal* * *servir verb table: partirA vtr1 ( être au service de) to serve [État, maître, société];2 ( fournir) [commerçant, serveur] to serve; il n'y a personne pour servir there's nobody to serve; le boucher m'a mal servi aujourd'hui the butcher didn't give me very good meat today; je suis toujours très bien servi dans leur magasin I'm always very happy with what I buy in their shop GB ou store US; moi qui voulais du changement, je suis servie! iron well I wanted a change and I certainly got it!;3 (donner à boire, à manger) to serve [invité, plat, boisson]; servir qch à qn to serve sb (with) sth; servir qn à table to serve sb at table; servir à manger/à dîner à qn to serve food/dinner to sb; qu'est-ce que je vous sers (à boire)? what would you like to drink?; servir qn en qch (en légumes, viande) to serve sb sth; il m'a servi une grosse part de gâteau he served me a large slice of cake; tu es mal servi you haven't got much; tu es bien servi? have you got enough?; tu as été bien servi en gâteau you've been given a generous helping of cake; ‘Madame est servie’ ‘dinner is served Madam’; au moment de servir before serving; ‘servir frais’ ‘serve chilled’;4 ( être utile à) [situation] to help [personne, projet, cause]; to serve [intérêt]; [personne] to further [cause, ambition, intérêt]; servir un but or une fin to serve an end;5 ○( donner) servir qch comme argument/excuse to use sth as an argument/excuse;6 Relig servir la messe to serve mass;8 Jeux to deal [cartes];9 Mil to serve [arme].B servir à vtr ind1 ( être utilisé) servir à qn [pièce, maison, salle] to be used by sb; cela sert à mon père my father uses it; cette casserole me sert pour faire des confitures I use this pan for making jam; servir à qch to be used for sth; servir à la fabrication de qch to be used for making sth; cela ne sert à rien it's not used for anything; ces matériaux nous servent à fabriquer… we use these materials for manufacturing…; les exercices m'ont servi à comprendre la règle the exercises helped me to understand the rule;2 ( être utile) [connaissances, objet] to come in useful; cela te servira it will come in useful (for you); cela ne m'a servi à rien this was of no use to me; cela ne sert à rien [objet] it's useless; [action] it's no good; je les ai menacés mais cela n'a servi à rien I threatened them but it didn't do any good; cela ne sert à rien de faire there's no point in doing; servir à quelque chose to serve a useful purpose; servir à faire to be used for doing.C servir de vtr ind ( avoir la fonction) servir de [personne] to act as; servir d'intermédiaire/d'interprète à qn to act as an intermediary/an interpreter for sb; servir d'arme to be used as a weapon; la table nous sert de bureau we use the table as a desk; ⇒ courir.D vi3 ( être employé comme domestique) il a servi dix ans chez madame de la Poya he was in Mrs de la Poya's service for ten years; il a servi sous Turenne he served under Turenne;4 ( être utilisé) to be used; ne jette pas la boîte, elle peut encore servir don't throw the box away, it might come in useful ou handy for something;5 ( travailler comme serveur) servir dans un café gén to work as a waiter in a café; ( au bar) to work as a barman.E se servir vpr1 (à boire, à manger) to help oneself; servez-vous help yourself ou yourselves; se servir un verre de vin/une part de gâteau to help oneself to a glass of wine/a slice of cake; sers-toi bien take plenty;2 ( faire ses courses) se servir chez le boucher du coin to shop at the local butcher's; pour le fromage nous nous servons chez Pauchon we buy cheese at ou from Pauchon's;3 ( faire usage de) se servir de qch/qn to use sth/sb (comme as); se servir d'un stratagème to employ a stratagem; se servir d'une situation to make use of a situation;5 ( dans magasin) to help oneself (de qch to sth).F v impers à quoi sert-il de faire? what's the point ou use of doing?; il ne sert à rien de crier there's no point in shouting.on n'est jamais si bien servi que par soi même Prov if you want something done it's better to do it yourself.[sɛrvir] verbe transitif1. [dans un magasin] to serveservir quelqu'un de ou en quelque chose to serve somebody with something, to serve something to somebodyc'est une bonne cliente, sers-la biena. [en poids] be generous, she's a good customerb. [en qualité] give her the best, she's a good customertu voulais du changement, tu es ou te voilà servi! (figuré) you wanted some changes, now you've got more than you bargained for ou now how do you like it?[approvisionner]2. [donner - boisson, mets] to serve[dans le verre] to pour (out) (separable)elle nous a servi un très bon cassoulet she gave us ou served up some lovely cassouletle dîner est servi! dinner's ready ou served!servir quelque chose à quelqu'un to serve somebody with ou to help somebody to somethingsers-moi à boire give ou pour me a drinknous ne servons plus après 23 h we don't take orders after 11 p.m., last orders are at 11 p.m3. (familier) [raconter] to giveils nous servent toujours les mêmes histoires aux informations they always dish out the same old stories on the news4. [travailler pour - famille] to be in service with ; [ - communauté, pays, parti] to serve ; [ - justice] to be at the service of ; [ - patrie, cause] to servevous avez bien/mal servi votre entreprise you have served your company well/haven't given your company good servicea. [loi, mesure] to be in the public interestb. [personne] to serve the public interestb. [être fonctionnaire] to be employed by the stateon n'est jamais si bien servi que par soi-même (proverbe) if you want something doing, do it yourselfservir les ambitions de quelqu'un to serve ou to aid ou to further somebody's ambitionsle mauvais temps l'a servi the bad weather served him well ou worked to his advantage ou was on his side6. [payer - pension, rente] to pay (out) (separable)8. [préparer - arme] to serve9. RELIGION11. CHASSE to dispatch————————[sɛrvir] verbe intransitifgarde la malle, ça peut toujours servir keep the trunk, you might need it ou it might come in handy one dayil a servi, ce manteau! I got a lot of use out of this coat!2. [travailler]elle sert au château depuis 40 ans she's worked as a servant ou been in service at the castle for 40 yearsservir dans un café/restauranta. [homme] to be a waiter (in a) café/restaurantb. [femme] to be a waitress (in a) café/restaurantà toi de servir! your serve ou service!a. [généralement] she has a good service ou serveb. [dans ce match] she's serving well————————servir à verbe plus préposition1. [être destiné à] to be used for2. [avoir pour conséquence]servir à quelque chose: ça ne sert à rien de lui en parler it's useless ou of no use to talk about it with himne pleure pas, ça ne sert à rien don't cry, it won't make any differenceà quoi servirait de lui en parler? what would be the good ou point of killing him?tu vois bien que ça a servi à quelque chose de faire une pétition! as you see, getting up a petition did serve some purpose!ça n'a servi qu'à le rendre encore plus furieux it only served to make him ou it only made him even more furious3. [être utile à]sa connaissance du russe lui a servi dans son métier her knowledge of Russian helped her ou was of use to her in her job————————servir de verbe plus préposition[article, appareil] to be used as————————se servir verbe pronominal (emploi réfléchi)[à table, dans un magasin] to help oneselfservez-vous de ou en légumes help yourself to vegetables[s'approvisionner]————————se servir verbe pronominal (emploi passif)————————se servir de verbe pronominal plus prépositionse servir de quelqu'un to make use of ou to use somebody -
68 escapar
v.1 to get away, to escape.El preso escapó por el arroyo The prisoner escaped through the stream.2 to break away.3 to leak, to leak out, to escape.El gas escapa del tanque The gas leaks from the tank.4 to elope, to run away with a lover, to run off secretly to be married.Los enamorados escaparon The lovers eloped.* * *1 (huir) to escape, get away, run away2 (librarse) to escape3 (quedar fuera del alcance) to be beyond1 (huir) to escape, run away, get away2 (librarse) to escape, avoid3 (gas etc) to leak4 (autobús etc) to miss\dejar escapar un suspiro to let out a sighdejar escapar una oportunidad to let an opportunity slipescapar a alguien to run away from somebodyescapar con vida to get out aliveescapar de las manos to slip out of one's handsescaparse con algo to make off with somethingescaparse por un pelo familiar to have a narrow escape, have a close shave* * *verbto escape, run away* * *1. VI1) (=huir) to escape•
escapar a algo, no pude escapar a sus encantos — I could not escape her charms•
escapar de — [+ cárcel, peligro] to escape from; [+ jaula] to get out of; [+ situación opresiva] to escape from, get away fromnecesitaba escapar de todo aquello — I needed to escape from o get away from all that
2) (Dep) [en carreras] to break away2.VT [+ caballo] to drive hard3.See:* * *1.verbo intransitivo1)a) ( huir) to escapeescapar de algo — de cárcel/rutina/peligro to escape from something
b) ( librarse)escapar de algo — de castigo/muerte to escape something
c)escapar a algo — a influencia/castigo to escape something
2)2.dejar escapar — <carcajada/suspiro> to let out, give; < oportunidad> to pass up; <persona/animal> to let... get away
escaparse v pron1)a) ( huir) prisionero to escape; animal/niño to run awaysiempre te escapas cuando hay trabajo — you always disappear o vanish when there's work to be done
escaparse de algo — de cárcel/jaula to escape from something
escaparse de casa — to run away from home; (+ me/te/le etc)
escaparse de alguien — de policía/perseguidor to escape (from) somebody
b) ( librarse)escaparse de algo — de situación/castigo to escape something
2) (+ me/te/le etc)a) ( involuntariamente)se le escapó un grito — he cried out, he let out a cry
b) ( pasar inadvertido)c) ( en tejido)3) gas/aire/agua to leak* * *= escape, bail out, get away, abscond, lam (it).Ex. Other words may be included in a stop-wordlist for some applications, but escape inclusion in other circumstances.Ex. In the article ' Bailing out' 9 of the 10 librarians interviewed admitted that they were trying to get out of librarianship partly due to unrealistic expectations learned in library school.Ex. Guards in the lead car of the convoy threw their doors open and ran for cover, screaming, 'Get away, get away'.Ex. Hundreds of prisoners, including murderers, rapists and robbers, have absconded from open prisons since 1999.Ex. Though there were reports Bertollini was lamming it in Ireland, he told Michaud on Friday he never left the country.----* dejar escapar a Alguien = let + Nombre + escape.* escapar de la justicia = escape + justice.* escapar de la realidad = escape + reality.* escapar por los pelos = have + a close call, have + a narrow escape, have + a lucky escape, have + a close shave.* escapar saltando en paracaídas = bale out.* escaparse = slip away, duck away, run away, fall through + the net, break out, slip out, make off, do + a bunk, flee away, flee, weasel (on/out of), duck out.* escaparse a = run off to.* escaparse de = wriggle out, break out of, break + free of.* escaparse de la cárcel = break out of + prison.* escaparse de la prisión = break out of + prison.* escaparse de la red = fall through + the net.* escaparse de las manos de = slip beyond + the grasp of.* escaparse de los beneficios de Internet = fall through + the net.* evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.* ingeniárselas para escapar = contrive + an escape.* que escapan a + Posesivo + control = beyond + Posesivo + control.* * *1.verbo intransitivo1)a) ( huir) to escapeescapar de algo — de cárcel/rutina/peligro to escape from something
b) ( librarse)escapar de algo — de castigo/muerte to escape something
c)escapar a algo — a influencia/castigo to escape something
2)2.dejar escapar — <carcajada/suspiro> to let out, give; < oportunidad> to pass up; <persona/animal> to let... get away
escaparse v pron1)a) ( huir) prisionero to escape; animal/niño to run awaysiempre te escapas cuando hay trabajo — you always disappear o vanish when there's work to be done
escaparse de algo — de cárcel/jaula to escape from something
escaparse de casa — to run away from home; (+ me/te/le etc)
escaparse de alguien — de policía/perseguidor to escape (from) somebody
b) ( librarse)escaparse de algo — de situación/castigo to escape something
2) (+ me/te/le etc)a) ( involuntariamente)se le escapó un grito — he cried out, he let out a cry
b) ( pasar inadvertido)c) ( en tejido)3) gas/aire/agua to leak* * *= escape, bail out, get away, abscond, lam (it).Ex: Other words may be included in a stop-wordlist for some applications, but escape inclusion in other circumstances.
Ex: In the article ' Bailing out' 9 of the 10 librarians interviewed admitted that they were trying to get out of librarianship partly due to unrealistic expectations learned in library school.Ex: Guards in the lead car of the convoy threw their doors open and ran for cover, screaming, 'Get away, get away'.Ex: Hundreds of prisoners, including murderers, rapists and robbers, have absconded from open prisons since 1999.Ex: Though there were reports Bertollini was lamming it in Ireland, he told Michaud on Friday he never left the country.* dejar escapar a Alguien = let + Nombre + escape.* escapar de la justicia = escape + justice.* escapar de la realidad = escape + reality.* escapar por los pelos = have + a close call, have + a narrow escape, have + a lucky escape, have + a close shave.* escapar saltando en paracaídas = bale out.* escaparse = slip away, duck away, run away, fall through + the net, break out, slip out, make off, do + a bunk, flee away, flee, weasel (on/out of), duck out.* escaparse a = run off to.* escaparse de = wriggle out, break out of, break + free of.* escaparse de la cárcel = break out of + prison.* escaparse de la prisión = break out of + prison.* escaparse de la red = fall through + the net.* escaparse de las manos de = slip beyond + the grasp of.* escaparse de los beneficios de Internet = fall through + the net.* evitar que + escapar = keep + Nombre + in.* ingeniárselas para escapar = contrive + an escape.* que escapan a + Posesivo + control = beyond + Posesivo + control.* * *escapar [A1 ]viA1 (huir) to escape escapar DE algo to escape FROM sthescapar de la cárcel to escape from prisonnecesito escapar de todo esto I need to get away from all thises una forma de escapar de la realidad it's a way of escaping from reality2 (librarse) escapar DE algo to escape sthlograron escapar de una muerte segura they managed to escape (a) certain death3 escapar A algo ‹a una influencia/a un castigo› to escape sthno pudo escapar a sus encantos he was unable to escape her charmsBdejar escapar ‹carcajada/suspiro› to let out, give;‹oportunidad› to pass up; ‹persona/animal› to let … get awaydejó escapar un grito de sorpresa he let out a cry of surpriseA1 «prisionero» to escape; «animal/niño» to run awaysiempre te escapas cuando hay que arrimar el hombro you always disappear o vanish when there's work to be doneescaparse DE algo:se ha escapado de casa she's run away from homese ha escapado de la cárcel he's escaped from prisonel canario se escapó de la jaula the canary got out of its cage(+ me/te/le etc): se me escapó he got away from meven aquí, no te me escapes come here, don't run away (from me)2 (de una situación) escaparse DE algo:de ésta sí que no te escapas you're not getting out of this one ( colloq)se escapó milagrosamente de que lo vieran miraculously, he managed to escape o avoid being seenB (+ me/te/le etc)1(involuntariamente): se le escapó un grito/un suspiro he cried out/sighed o he let out a cry/a sighpor poco se me escapa una carcajada I almost burst out laughingse le escapó un eructo he burped¡que no se te vaya a escapar delante de ella! don't let it slip out in front of her!2(pasar inadvertido): se te han escapado varios errores several mistakes have escaped your notice, you've missed o overlooked several mistakesa este niño no se le escapa nada this child doesn't miss anythingel significado de la frase se me escapa the meaning of the sentence escapes me3(olvidarse): se me escapa su nombre his name escapes me, I can't remember his name4(en tejido): se me escaparon dos puntos I dropped two stitchesC «gas/aire/agua» to leak* * *
escapar ( conjugate escapar) verbo intransitivo
1 to escape;
escapar de algo ‹de cárcel/rutina/peligro› to escape from sth;
‹de castigo/muerte› to escape sth
2
‹ oportunidad› to pass up;
‹persona/animal› to let … get away
escaparse verbo pronominal
1 [ prisionero] to escape;
[animal/niño] to run away;
escaparse de algo ‹de cárcel/jaula› to escape from sth;
‹de situación/castigo› to escape sth;
escaparse de algn ‹de policía/perseguidor› to escape (from) sth;
se me escapó el perro the dog got away from me
2 (+ me/te/le etc)a) ( involuntariamente):
b) ( pasar inadvertido):
se me escapó ese detalle that detail escaped my notice
3 [gas/aire/agua] to leak
escapar verbo intransitivo to escape, run away, get away: escapó de la justicia, he escaped from the law
dejó escapar un grito, she let out a cry
no dejes escapar esta oportunidad, don't let this opportunity slip ➣ Ver nota en escape
' escapar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
Esc
- huir
- tierra
- pasar
English:
elaborate
- elude
- escape
- leap at
- snap up
- drop
- slip
- snap
* * *♦ viescapó por la salida de emergencia he got out through the emergency exit;nadie escapó con vida del incendio nobody got out of the fire alive;escaparon por los pelos de una muerte segura they narrowly escaped certain death;quieren escapar de la monotonía de sus vidas they want to get away from the monotony of their lives;dejar escapar [animal, persona] to set free;[carcajada, grito, suspiro] to let out; [ocasión] to pass up, to let pass;dejó escapar un grito he let out a scream;no quiero dejar escapar esta oportunidad para agradecer… I don't want to let this opportunity pass by without thanking…2. [quedar fuera del alcance]escapar a: son temas que escapan a mi comprensión these subjects are beyond my understanding;ese asunto escapa a mis competencias that matter is outside my sphere of responsibility;tampoco los adultos escapan a la influencia de los videojuegos nor are adults immune from the influence of video games3. [en carrera] to break away;escapar del pelotón to break away from the pack* * *v/t1 escape (de from)2:* * *escapar vihuir: to escape, to flee, to run away* * *escapar vb to escape -
69 obstaculizar
v.1 to hinder, to hamper.2 to obstruct, to encumber, to balk, to block up.Su tamaño obstaculiza la vista His size obstructs the view.3 to obstruct the way to, to make it cumbersome to.María obstaculiza hacer la pared Mary makes it cumbersome to make the wall.4 to create an obstacle for, to obstruct.María obstaculiza a Ricardo Mary creates an obstacle for Richard.* * *1 to obstruct, hinder* * *VT [+ negociaciones, progreso] to hinder, hamper; [+ tráfico] to hold up* * ** * *= encumber, hamper, handicap, hinder, thwart, stand in + the way (of), obstruct, stymie, get in + the way (of), hem + Nombre + in, cramp.Ex. It is extremely difficult for SLIS to compete with other interests which are less encumbered on equal terms.Ex. Unfortunately, the inclusion of abstracts in most services tends to hamper currency.Ex. The database may, as a result of its parentage, be handicapped by features that are not suited to computerized retrieval.Ex. In practice the application of recall and precision in the evaluation of indexes is hindered by the difficulty of evaluating some of the components in the definition.Ex. A public library's design can go far in either reinforcing or thwarting the intimacy of reading and in determining its success -- functionally, aesthetically and financially.Ex. It may be objected that a direct experience of the country by visiting it does not ensure a true picture, in fact that it may even stand in the way.Ex. But the present revision, incorporating ISBD, will literally clutter the entries with obtrusive redundancies and esoterics that will only obscure the content of the entries and obstruct the use of the catalog.Ex. So, in a lot of cases the ability to take advantage of technologically sophisticated younger faculty is stymied by these conflicting interests.Ex. At the end of the day, librarians must 'produce the goods' and prove their worth -- professionalism could get in the way.Ex. The world of work is no longer constrained by the four physical dimensions of space and time that have hemmed us in for most of recorded history.Ex. They used schools as a buttress of a caste system designed to subordinate blacks socially, to cramp them economically under a rigid job ceiling.----* no obstaculizar = be out of the way of.* obstaculizar el paso = block in.* obstaculizar la labor judicial = pervert + the course of justice.* sin estar obstaculizado por = untrammelled by.* * ** * *= encumber, hamper, handicap, hinder, thwart, stand in + the way (of), obstruct, stymie, get in + the way (of), hem + Nombre + in, cramp.Ex: It is extremely difficult for SLIS to compete with other interests which are less encumbered on equal terms.
Ex: Unfortunately, the inclusion of abstracts in most services tends to hamper currency.Ex: The database may, as a result of its parentage, be handicapped by features that are not suited to computerized retrieval.Ex: In practice the application of recall and precision in the evaluation of indexes is hindered by the difficulty of evaluating some of the components in the definition.Ex: A public library's design can go far in either reinforcing or thwarting the intimacy of reading and in determining its success -- functionally, aesthetically and financially.Ex: It may be objected that a direct experience of the country by visiting it does not ensure a true picture, in fact that it may even stand in the way.Ex: But the present revision, incorporating ISBD, will literally clutter the entries with obtrusive redundancies and esoterics that will only obscure the content of the entries and obstruct the use of the catalog.Ex: So, in a lot of cases the ability to take advantage of technologically sophisticated younger faculty is stymied by these conflicting interests.Ex: At the end of the day, librarians must 'produce the goods' and prove their worth -- professionalism could get in the way.Ex: The world of work is no longer constrained by the four physical dimensions of space and time that have hemmed us in for most of recorded history.Ex: They used schools as a buttress of a caste system designed to subordinate blacks socially, to cramp them economically under a rigid job ceiling.* no obstaculizar = be out of the way of.* obstaculizar el paso = block in.* obstaculizar la labor judicial = pervert + the course of justice.* sin estar obstaculizado por = untrammelled by.* * *obstaculizar [A4 ]vt‹progreso/trabajo› to hinder, hamper, impede; ‹tráfico› to hold up, obstructno obstaculice el paso don't stand in the way* * *
obstaculizar ( conjugate obstaculizar) verbo transitivo ‹progreso/trabajo› to hinder, hamper;
‹ tráfico› to hold up;
obstaculizar verbo transitivo
1 (un propósito, actividad) to hinder
2 (el paso de una persona, animal, etc) to stand in the way of
(de un fluido) to obstruct
' obstaculizar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
estorbar
- interferir
English:
block
- block in
- hamper
- obstruct
* * *obstaculizar vt[proceso, relación] to block, to put obstacles in the way of; [salida] to block, to obstruct; [tráfico] to hold up, to obstruct;obstaculizar el paso to block the way* * *v/t hinder, hamper* * *obstaculizar {21} vtimpedir: to obstruct, to hinder* * *obstaculizar vb to block -
70 juste
juste [ʒyst]1. adjectivea. ( = équitable) [personne, notation] fair ; [sentence, guerre, cause] justb. ( = légitime) [revendication, vengeance, fierté] just ; [colère] justifiable• il en est fier, et à juste titre he's proud of it and rightly soc. ( = précis) right ; [appareil, montre] accurated. ( = pertinent) [idée, raisonnement] sound ; [remarque, expression] apt• très juste ! good point!e. [note, voix] true ; [instrument] in tunef. ( = insuffisant) [vêtement, chaussure] tight ; (en longueur, hauteur) on the short side• 1 kg pour six, c'est un peu juste 1 kg for six people is not really enough• trois heures pour faire cette traduction, c'est juste three hours to do that translation is not really enough2. adverba. ( = avec précision) [compter, viser] accurately ; [raisonner] soundly ; [deviner] correctly ; [chanter] in tune• juste à temps [arriver] just in timeb. ( = exactement) just• que veut-il au juste ? what exactly does he want?c. ( = seulement) justd. ( = pas assez) [compter, prévoir] not quite enough* * *ʒyst
1.
1) ( impartial) [personne] fair2) ( équitable) [règlement, partage] fair; [récompense, sanction, cause] justjuste retour des choses, il a été renvoyé — it was poetic justice that he got expelled
juste ciel! — (dated) good heavens!
3) ( légitime) [colère, certitude] righteous (épith); [revendication] legitimate; [crainte] justifiable; [raisonnement, remarque, comparaison] validà juste raison or titre — with good reason
4) ( adéquat) rightcomme de juste (colloq) il était en retard — of course, he was late
5) ( exact) [calcul, proportion, heure, analyse] correctle juste prix des choses — fig the true value of things
6) ( précis) [instrument de mesure] accurate7) Musique [piano, voix] in tune (jamais épith); [note] true8) ( trop ajusté) [vêtement, chaussure] tight9) ( à la limite)nous sommes un peu justes (colloq) en ce moment — money is a bit tight (colloq) at the moment
2.
1) ( sans erreur) [chanter] in tune; [sonner] true; [deviner] rightviser juste — lit to aim straight; fig to hit the nail on the head
2) ( précisément) just3) ( seulement) just4) ( depuis peu)5) ( à peine) hardlyj'ai réussi à éviter le bus mais ça a été juste — (colloq) I managed to avoid the bus but it was a close shave (colloq)
3.
au juste locution adverbiale exactly
4.
nom masculin righteous man* * *ʒyst1. adj1) (= équitable) (personne, partage) fairIl est sévère, mais juste. — He's strict but fair.
2) (= légitime) (réclamation) just, justifiedà juste titre — justifiably, rightfully
On peut se demander à juste titre s'ils n'ont pas été trop loin. — We may justifiably ask ourselves if they have gone too far.
Il a réclamé, à juste titre. — He complained, and rightfully so.
3) (= exact) (compte) right4) (= étroit) tightCette veste est un peu juste. — This jacket is a bit tight.
5) (= insuffisant)Ce sera un peu juste, tu aurais dû prendre plus de vin. — It's only just going to be enough, you should have got more wine.
2. adv1) (= seulement) just2) [aller, être] (vêtement, budget) tight3) [chanter] in tune4) [prévoir, calculer] right3. nm1) (= personne)2)comme de juste — of course, naturally
au juste — exactly, actually
* * *A adj1 ( impartial) [personne] fair;2 ( équitable) [règlement, partage] fair; [récompense, sanction, cause] just; ce n'est pas juste! it's not fair!; il est juste que/de faire it is fair that/to do; il est juste qu'il ait réussi it is fair that he succeeded; il ne serait pas juste de tout te donner it wouldn't be fair to give you everything; juste retour des choses, il a été dédommagé it was poetic justice that he got compensation; trouver un juste milieu to find a happy medium; juste ciel†! good heavens!;3 ( légitime) [colère, certitude] righteous ( épith); [revendication] legitimate; [raison] good; [crainte] justifiable; [raisonnement, remarque, comparaison] valid; j'ai de justes raisons de ne pas le croire I have good reason not to believe him; à juste raison or titre quite rightly, with good reason; ta remarque est très juste your remark is very valid; dire des choses justes to make some valid points;4 ( adéquat) right; trouver le mot juste to find the right word; c'est (très) juste! that's (quite) right!; comme de juste il était en retard as one might expect ou as per usual, he was late;5 ( exact) [calcul, proportion, heure, analyse] correct; j'ai tout juste I've got everything right; avoir l'heure juste to have the correct time; connaître le juste prix des choses fig to know the true value of things; apprécier qn/qch à sa juste valeur to appreciate sb fully/the true value of sth;6 ( précis) [instrument de mesure] accurate; ma montre n'est pas très juste my watch is not very accurate;7 Mus [piano, voix] in tune ( jamais épith); [note] true; ton piano n'est pas juste your piano is out of tune;9 ( à la limite) un poulet pour six c'est un peu juste one chicken for six people is stretching it a bit; une heure pour y aller c'est un peu juste one hour to get there is cutting it a bit fine; nous sommes un peu justes en ce moment○ money is a bit tight○ at the moment; j'ai réussi à éviter le bus mais ça a été juste○ I managed to avoid the bus but it was a close shave○.B adv1 ( sans erreur) [chanter] in tune; [sonner] true; [deviner] right; elle a vu juste dans ses prévisions she was right in her forecasts; viser juste lit to aim straight; fig to hit the nail on the head;2 ( précisément) just; juste quand j'arrivais just as I was arriving; c'est juste ce qu'il me faut that is just or exactly what I need; c'est juste avant/après la poste it's just before/after the post office; juste après les informations just ou straight after the news; j'ai juste assez (d'argent) I've got just enough (money); juste à temps just in time; ‘tu as eu ton train?’-‘oui mais tout juste’ ‘did you catch your train?’-‘yes, but only just’;3 ( seulement) just; j'en prends juste un I'm just taking one; ils ont juste eu le temps de manger they just had time to eat;4 ( depuis peu) (tout) juste only just; j'arrive juste I've only just arrived; il vient juste de partir he's only just left; il a tout juste vingt ans he's only just twenty;5 ( à peine) hardly; c'est tout juste s'il sait lire/tient debout he can hardly read/stand;6 ( parcimonieusement) j'ai prévu trop/un peu juste pour le repas I didn't prepare enough/quite enough food; calculer les prix au plus juste to calculate the prices down to the last penny.C au juste loc adv exactly; que s'est-il passé au juste? what happened exactly?; je ne sais pas au juste combien nous serons I don't know exactly how many of us there will be.[ʒyst] adverbe1. [avec justesse]tomber juste to guess right, to hit the nail on the headtu as vu ou deviné juste! you guessed correctly ou right!juste quand ou comme le téléphone sonnait just as ou when the phone was ringing3. [à peine, seulement] justil est juste 9 h, vous n'allez pas partir déjà it's only 9 o'clock, you're not going to leave alreadytout juste: j'ai tout juste le temps de prendre un café I've just about enough ou I've just got enough time to have a cup of coffeec'est tout juste s'il ne m'a pas frappé he very nearly ou all but hit mec'est tout juste s'il dit bonjour he hardly bothers to say hello, you're lucky if he says hello4. [en quantité insuffisante]un gâteau pour 8, ça fait (un peu) juste one cake for 8 people, that won't go very far————————[ʒyst] adjectif1. [équitable - partage, décision, personne] fairêtre juste envers ou avec quelqu'un to be fair to somebodyil ne serait que juste qu'il soit remboursé it would only be fair ou right for him to get his money back(avant le nom) [justifié - cause, récompense, punition] just ; [ - requête] legitimate ; [ - colère] just, legitimate2. (après le nom) [exact - calcul, compte, réponse] rightas-tu l'heure juste? have you got the right ou exact time?la nappe est un peu juste en longueur/largeur the tablecloth is a bit on the short/narrow sideune heure pour aller à l'aéroport, c'est trop juste an hour to get to the airport, that's not enoughses notes sont trop justes pour que vous le laissiez passer his marks are too borderline for you to pass him[de justesse]elle a réussi l'examen, mais c'était juste she passed her exam, but it was a close thing5. (après le nom) [compétent] goodavoir l'oreille/le coup d'œil juste to have a good ear/eyetrès juste! quite right!, good point!j'ai moins d'expérience que lui — c'est juste I'm less experienced than he is — that's true ou right6. (avant le nom) [approprié]apprécier quelque chose à son juste prix to appreciate the true value ou worth of somethingapprécier quelqu'un à sa juste valeur to appreciate the true worth ou value of somebody————————[ʒyst] nom masculin————————au juste locution adverbiale————————au plus juste locution adverbialecomme de juste locution adverbialecomme de juste, elle avait oublié she'd forgotten, of coursejuste ciel, juste Dieu interjection -
71 tener problemas con
to have trouble with* * *(v.) = fall + foul of, run + afoul of problems, run + afoul of, fall + afoul ofEx. The author attempts to unravel the mystery of how Microsoft came to fall foul of the Department of Justice.Ex. While being a crusader against government spending, Congresswoman Marsha Blackburn has run afoul of problems in her personal finances.Ex. Unfortunately for them, this approach runs afoul of Iraqi tribal customs since they are, reportedly, endogamous with respect to tribe.Ex. As some of her prophecies came true, she fell afoul of the authorities and was arrested by the Holy Order.* * *(v.) = fall + foul of, run + afoul of problems, run + afoul of, fall + afoul ofEx: The author attempts to unravel the mystery of how Microsoft came to fall foul of the Department of Justice.
Ex: While being a crusader against government spending, Congresswoman Marsha Blackburn has run afoul of problems in her personal finances.Ex: Unfortunately for them, this approach runs afoul of Iraqi tribal customs since they are, reportedly, endogamous with respect to tribe.Ex: As some of her prophecies came true, she fell afoul of the authorities and was arrested by the Holy Order. -
72 conseil
conseil [kɔ̃sεj]1. masculine nouna. ( = recommandation) piece of advice• il est de bon conseil he gives good or sound adviceb. ( = profession) consultancy• cabinet or société de conseil firm of consultantsc. ( = personne) consultant (en in)• conseil juridique legal consultant or adviser• conseil en communication communications or media consultantd. ( = assemblée) board2. compounds► conseil d'administration [de société anonyme] board of directors ; [d'hôpital, école] board of governors━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━In France, the « Conseil constitutionnel » is an official body that ensures that the constitution is respected in matters of legislation and during elections. The « Conseil d'État » examines bills before they are submitted to the « Conseil des ministres », a weekly meeting which some or all ministers attend. → ARRONDISSEMENT COMMUNE DÉPARTEMENT RÉGION━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━Each « département » of France is run by a Conseil général, whose remit covers transport, housing, secondary schools, social welfare, and cultural and economic development. The council is made up of « conseillers généraux », each of whom represents a « canton » and is elected for a six-year term. Half of the council's members are elected every three years.* * *kɔ̃sɛjnom masculin1) ( avis) advice [U]quelques conseils de prudence — a few words of caution ou warning
2) ( assemblée) council3) ( conseiller) consultant•Phrasal Verbs:* * *kɔ̃sɛj1. nm1) (= avis) piece of advice, advice no pldonner un conseil à qn — to give sb some advice, to give sb a piece of advice
demander conseil à qn — to ask sb's advice, to ask sb for advice
Est-ce que je peux te demander conseil? — Can I ask your advice?, Can I ask you for some advice?
2) (= assemblée) council3) (= expert) consultant2. adj* * *conseil nm1 ( avis) advice ¢; un conseil a piece of advice; des conseils some advice; beaucoup de conseils a lot of advice; donner un conseil à qn to give sb advice; demander conseil à qn to ask (for) sb's advice; suivre/écouter les conseils de qn to follow/to listen to sb's advice; un petit conseil a little piece of advice; un bon conseil a piece of good advice; conseil d'ami piece of friendly advice; un conseil gratuit a piece of free advice; quelques conseils de prudence a few words of caution ou warning; sur les conseils de qn on sb's advice; donner à qn le conseil de faire to advise sb to do; il est de bon conseil he always gives good advice; conseils d'entretien cleaning ou care instructions; ⇒ nuit;3 ( conseiller) consultant; conseil en gestion management consultant.conseil d'administration Entr board of directors; conseil de classe Scol staff meeting (for all those teaching a given class); conseil de discipline Admin, Mil, Scol disciplinary committee; conseil de famille Jur Board of Guardians; ( non officiel) family meeting ou gathering; conseil général Pol council of a French department; conseil de guerre Mil council of war; conseil des ministres Pol gén council of ministers; ( au Royaume-Uni) Cabinet meeting; conseil municipal Pol town council; conseil régional Pol regional council; conseil de révision Mil medical board (assessing fitness for military service); conseil de surveillance Entr supervisory board; conseil d'université Univ senate; Conseil constitutionnel Jur Constitutional Council; Conseil économique et social Pol Economic and Social Council; Conseil d'État Pol Council of State (advising government on administrative matters); Conseil de l'Europe, CE Pol Council of Europe; Conseil de sécurité (de l'ONU) Pol (UN) Security Council; Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel, CSA Radio, TV body which monitors broadcasting; Conseil supérieur de la langue française body responsible for the regulation and advancement of the French language; Conseil supérieur de la magistrature, CSM Jur High Council for the Judiciary.ⓘ Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel The body which appoints the heads of the public broadcasting systems, licenses private contractors, monitors advertising and oversees all matters concerning impartiality, freedom of speech, quality and the promotion of French language and culture in the broadcast media.[kɔ̃sɛj] nom masculina. [d'ami] adviceb. [trucs] tips, hintsagir sur/suivre le conseil de quelqu'un to act on/to take somebody's advicedemander conseil à quelqu'un to ask somebody's advice, to ask somebody for advice(comme adjectif; avec ou sans trait d'union)3. [assemblée] board[réunion] meetinga. [d'une société] board of directorsb. [d'une organisation internationale] governing bodyconseil de cabinet cabinet council, council of ministersle Conseil constitutionnelFrench government body ensuring that laws, elections and referenda are constitutionalle Conseil économique et social consultative body advising the government on economic and social mattersconseil général ≃ county councila. [réunion] war council ≃ War Cabinetb. [tribunal] court-martialle Conseil des ministres ≃ the Cabineta. [en ville] ≃ town council, ≃ local (urban) councilb. [à la campagne] ≃ parish council (UK), ≃ local (rural) council4. ÉDUCATION————————de bon conseil locution adjectivaleun homme de bon conseil a man of sound advice, a wise counsellordemande-lui, elle est de bon conseil ask her, she's good at giving adviceThe Conseil constitutionnel, which ensures that new laws do not contravene the constitution, has nine members appointed for a nine-year period; it also includes the surviving former Presidents of France. The President of the Republic and any member of parliament can refer laws to the Conseil Constitutionnel for scrutiny.The French Council of State acts both as the highest court to which the legal affairs of the state can be referred, and as a consultative body to which bills and rulings are submitted by the government prior to examination by the Conseil des ministres. It has 200 members.The President himself presides over the Conseil des ministres, which traditionally meets every Wednesday morning; strictly speaking, when ministers assemble in the sole presence of the Prime Minister, this is known as le Conseil du cabinet.The body responsible for the administration of a département. Members are elected for a six-year term, with one councillor per canton, and are headed by the président du conseil général.The committee body for the administration of a région. Members are elected for a six-year term and are headed by the président du conseil régional. They decide on matters of planning, construction, regional development and education.This state body advises on the appointment of members of the magistrature, and on specific points of law concerning the judiciary. It is also consulted when the president wishes to exercise his official pardon. It has ten members: the Minister of Justice and nine others appointed by the President of the Republic.The town council is elected during the municipales (local elections). Elected members, or conseillers municipaux, oversee the administration of a commune in conjunction with the mayor.Demander conseilWhat should I do? Qu'est-ce que je dois faire ?What would you do, if you were me? Qu'est-ce que tu ferais si tu étais moi ?What would you do in my place? Qu'est-ce que tu ferais à ma place ?Do you think I should tell him? Tu crois que je devrais le lui dire ?I could do with ou I need some advice. J'aurais besoin d'un conseilDonner un conseilWhy don't you (just) tell her? Pourquoi ne pas le lui dire (carrément) ?Take my advice and say nothing to her. Je te conseille de ne rien lui direIf I were you, I'd phone him. Si j'étais toi, je l'appelleraisIf you ask me, I think you should resign. Si tu veux mon avis, je pense que tu devrais démissionnerPerhaps ou Maybe you should warn him. Peut-être que tu devrais le prévenirI'd think twice about going. Je réfléchirais à deux fois avant d'y allerYou could always try writing to him. Ce serait peut-être pas mal de lui écrireIt might be better to do it yourself. Ce serait peut-être mieux que tu le fasses toi-mêmeNow listen to me: you really must go and see a doctor. Écoute, il faut absolument que tu ailles voir un médecinIf you want my advice, you'll pretend it never happened. Si tu veux mon avis, fais comme si rien ne s'était passéI hope you won't take this the wrong way, but... Ne le prends pas mal, mais...It's not really any of my business, but... Je sais que ça ne me regarde pas, mais... -
73 devant
devant [d(ə)vɑ̃]1. prepositiona. ( = en face de) in front of ; ( = le long de) past• il marchait devant moi he was walking in front of or ahead of me• regarde devant toi look in front or ahead of youc. ( = en présence de) in front of• cela s'est passé juste devant nous or nos yeux it happened before our very eyesd. ( = face à) faced with ; ( = étant donné) in view of2. adverb• tu as mis ton pull devant derrière you've put your sweater on back-to-front (Brit) or backwards (US)b. ( = en avant) ahead• marchez devant, les enfants walk in front, children• passe devant, je te rejoindrai go on ahead and I'll catch up with you• passez devant, je ne suis pas pressé you go first, I'm in no hurry3. masculine noun4. plural masculine noun* * *
I
1. dəvɑ̃1) ( en face de)devant quelqu'un/quelque chose — in front of somebody/something
regarder/marcher droit devant soi — to look/walk straight ahead
2) ( près de) outsidecela s'est passé devant chez moi — it happened in front of ou outside my house
il attendait devant la porte — ( à l'extérieur) he was waiting outside the door; ( à l'intérieur) he was waiting by the door
3) ( en présence de)cela s'est passé devant nous/nos yeux — it took place in front of us/before our very eyes
4) ( face à)fuir devant le danger — to run away from danger, to flee in the face of danger
l'impuissance des mots devant le malheur — the inadequacy of language when confronted with misfortune
5) ( en avant de)la voiture devant nous — the car ahead ou in front of us
il était si fatigué qu'il ne pouvait plus mettre un pied devant l'autre — he was so tired he could hardly put one foot in front of the other
elle est passée devant moi, elle m'est passée devant — (colloq) ( dans une file) she jumped the queue GB ou cut in line US and went ahead of me
6) ( de reste)
2.
1) ( en face)‘où est la poste?’ - ‘tu es juste devant’ — ‘where's the post office?’ - ‘you're right in front of it’
2) ( en tête)je passe devant, si vous le permettez — ( pour montrer le chemin) I'll go ahead of you, if you don't mind
3) ( à l'avant) (dans une salle, un théâtre) at the front; ( dans une voiture) in the front
II dəvɑ̃nom masculin (de vêtement, maison, scène) frontde devant — [dents, chambre, porte] front
••* * *d(ə)vɑ̃1. vbSee:2. adv1) [placer] [situé] in frontIl marchait devant. — He was walking in front.
2) [passer]On est passés devant hier. — We went past it yesterday.
3) (= en avant) aheadIl est déjà loin devant. — He's already a long way ahead.
3. prépIl était assis devant moi. — He was sitting in front of me.
Nous sommes passés devant chez toi. — We went past your house.
Ils sont devant nous sur le plan technique. — They're ahead of us technically.
2) (en présence de) [notaire, magistrat, parent] in front of, beforeDevant le juge, il ne faisait plus le fier. — He wasn't so full of himself once he was before the judge.
3) (= face à) [événement] in the face of, [danger] in the face of4) (= étant donné) [circonstances, attitude] in view ofDevant son attitude, je préfère renoncer. — In view of his attitude, I'd rather give up the idea.
4. nm1) [immeuble, objet] frontles pattes de devant — the front legs, the forelegs
5. devants nmpl* * *I.A prép1 ( en face de) devant qn/qch in front of sb/sth; la voiture est garée devant la maison the car is parked in front of the house; il est assis devant la fenêtre he's sitting at the window; tu as mis ton pull devant derrière you've put your jumper on back to front; le bus est passé devant moi sans s'arrêter the bus went straight past me without stopping; regarder/marcher droit devant soi to look/walk straight ahead; regarde devant toi quand tu marches! look where you're going!; il était assis devant une bière he was sitting with a beer in front of him; pousse -toi de devant la télévision move away from the television ; enlève ça de devant moi ( obstacle à la vue) move that away, I can't see; ( obstacle au passage) move that out of my way;2 ( près de) outside; on se retrouve devant le théâtre let's meet outside the theatreGB; cela s'est passé devant chez moi it happened in front of ou outside my house; il attendait devant la porte ( à l'extérieur) he was waiting outside the door; ( à l'intérieur) he was waiting by the door;3 ( en présence de) il l'a dit devant moi he said it in front of me; il tremblait devant le juge he stood before the judge, trembling; il doit comparaître devant la Cour Suprême he has to appear before the Supreme Court ; tous les hommes sont égaux devant la loi all men are equal in the eyes of the law; je jure devant Dieu I swear before God; on est toujours ému devant un tel spectacle it's always such a moving sight; il ne fume jamais devant ses parents ( c'est interdit) he never smokes in front of his parents; il s'inclina devant elle he bowed before her; cela s'est passé devant nous/nos yeux it took place in front of us/before our very eyes; devant la situation, il faut faire faced with ou in view of the situation, it's necessary to do; je m'incline devant tes arguments I bow to your arguments; à la porte, il s'effaça devant moi when we got to the door, he stood back to let me pass; passer devant le maire to get married;4 ( face à) fuir devant le danger to run away from danger, to flee in the face of danger; hésiter devant le danger to hesitate in the face of danger; je recule devant ce genre de responsabilité I shy away from that kind of responsibility; l'égalité devant l'éducation equality in education; devant l'inévitable/la difficulté faced with the inevitable/difficulty; l'impuissance des mots devant le malheur the inadequacy of language when confronted with misfortune; la réaction des étudiants devant le texte the reaction of the students when faced ou confronted with the text; ils ont reconnu leur impuissance devant mon cas they had to admit they couldn't help me;5 ( en avant de) la voiture devant nous the car ahead ou in front of us; il était si fatigué qu'il ne pouvait plus mettre un pied devant l'autre he was so tired he could hardly put one foot in front of the other; elle est passée devant moi, elle m'est passée devant○ ( dans une file) she jumped the queue GB ou cut in line US and went ahead of me; laisser passer quelqu'un devant (soi) to let somebody go first;6 ( de reste) avoir beaucoup de travail devant soi to have a lot of work to do; avoir du temps devant soi to have plenty of time; avoir de l'argent devant soi to have some money to spare; avoir un mois devant soi to have a whole month ahead of one; avoir toute la vie devant soi to have one's whole life ahead of one.B adv1 ( en face) si tu passes devant, achète-moi un livre if you're passing it ou the bookshop, buy me a book; ‘où est la poste?’-‘tu es juste devant’ ‘where's the post office?’-‘you're right in front of it’;2 ( en tête) je passe devant, si vous le permettez ( pour montrer le chemin) I'll go ahead of you, if you don't mind; puis-je passer devant? ( dans une file) do you mind if I go before you?; pars devant, je te rejoins go ahead, I'll catch up with you;3 ( à l'avant) (dans une salle, un théâtre) at the front; ( dans une voiture) in the front; j'ai pris des places devant I've booked GB ou reserved seats at the front.sortir les pieds devant○ to leave feet first; se retrouver Gros Jean comme devant to be back at square one, to be back where one started.II.devant nm (de vêtement, maison, scène) front; une chambre sur le devant a room at the front; de devant [dents, chambre, porte] front; ⇒ scène.devant de cheminée fire-screen.prendre les devants to take the initiative; il savait qu'on allait le licencier: il a pris les devants et a démissionné he knew he was going to be made redundant: he pre-empted it by resigning ou he took the initiative and resigned first.[dəvɑ̃] préposition1. [en face de] in front of[avec mouvement] past2. [en avant de] in front of[en avance sur] ahead ofa. to go straight on ou ahead3. [en présence de]a. [devant les gens présents] to cry in front of everyoneb. [en public] to cry in publicje jure devant Dieu... I swear to God...[étant donné] given————————[dəvɑ̃] adverbe1. [à l'avant]devant derrière back to front, the wrong way round2. [en face]3. [en tête]passe devant, tu verras mieux come ou go through you'll get a better view————————[dəvɑ̃] nom masculin[généralement] frontprendre les devants to make the first move, to be the first to act————————de devant locution adjectivale[dent, porte] front————————de devant locution prépositionnelle -
74 idée
idée [ide]1. feminine nouna. idea• à l'idée de faire qch/de qch at the idea of doing sth/of sth• quelle idée ! the idea!• il a de ces idées ! the things he thinks up!• quelle bonne idée ! what a good idea!• donner à qn/se faire une idée des difficultés to give sb/get an idea of the difficulties• avez-vous une idée de l'heure ? have you got any idea of the time?• j'ai mon idée or ma petite idée sur la question I have my own ideas on the subject• agir selon or à son idée to do as one sees fitb. ( = esprit) avoir dans l'idée que to have it in one's mind that• il s'est mis dans l'idée de... he took it into his head to...2. plural feminine noun3. compounds* * *ide1) (inspiration, projet) idea ( de faire of doing)il n'a qu'une idée en tête, apprendre à piloter — all he can think about is learning to fly
mettre de l'ordre dans ses idées — ( dans l'immédiat) to gather one's thoughts; ( à long terme) to order one's thoughts
avoir de la suite dans les idées — ( savoir ce que l'on veut) to be single-minded; ( être entêté) not to be easily deterred
3) ( esprit)tu ne m'ôteras pas de l'idée que... — I still think that...
•Phrasal Verbs:* * *ide nf1) (= concept) idea2) (= suggestion) ideaC'est une bonne idée. — It's a good idea.
3) (opinion) opinion4) (= pensée)à l'idée de — at the idea of, at the thought of
à l'idée que — at the idea that, at the thought that
Il s'inquiétait à l'idée qu'elle devrait rentrer tard le soir. — He was worried by the thought that she would have to come home late at night.
5) (= illusion)donner une idée de qch à qn; Pourrais-tu me donner une idée de ce que cela implique? — Can you give me some idea what it involves?
* * *idée nf1 (inspiration, projet) idea (de qch of sth; de faire of doing); quelle idée! what an idea!; être plein d'idées to be full of ideas; donner des idées à qn to give sb ideas; ne jamais être à court d'idées never to be short of ideas; une idée de cadeau pour qn an idea for a present for sb; avoir une idée to have an idea; être fou de joie à l'idée de/que to be over the moon at the idea of/that; il y a de l'idée dans ce projet there are some good ideas in the project; avoir de l'idée to be inventive; avoir une idée derrière la tête to have something in mind; il n'a qu'une idée en tête, apprendre à piloter all he can think about is learning to fly; sortir sans manteau en hiver, quelle idée! how stupid to go out without a coat in winter!;2 ( opinion) idea (sur about); ( réflexion) thought; avoir son idée sur to have one's own idea about; l'histoire des idées the history of ideas; j'ai ma petite idée sur le sujet I have my own theory about that; avoir idée que to think that; se faire une haute idée de to think a lot of; se faire des idées to imagine things; mettre de l'ordre dans ses idées ( dans l'immédiat) to gather one's thoughts; ( à long terme) to order one's thoughts; avoir les idées larges to be broad-minded; ça te changera les idées it'll take your mind off things; changer d'idée to change one's mind; avoir des idées de gauche to have left-wing tendencies; avoir de la suite dans les idées ( savoir ce que l'on veut) to be single-minded; iron ( être entêté) not to be easily deterred; manquer de suite dans les idées to lack tenacity; faire à son idée to do as one thinks best;3 ( aper çu) idea; donner à qn une idée de l'étendue de to give sb an idea of the extent of; as-tu une idée du temps qu'il faut pour faire do you have any idea how long it takes to do;4 ( esprit) avoir dans l'idée que to have an idea that; avoir dans l'idée de faire to plan to do; il n'est venu à l'idée de personne de faire nobody has thought of doing; il ne leur viendrait jamais à l'idée de faire it would never occur to them to do; tu ne m'ôteras pas de l'idée qu'on aurait dû tourner à droite I still think that we should have turned right; il s'est mis dans l'idée de faire he's taken it into his head to do; mets-toi bien dans l'idée qu'il ne partira jamais get it into your head that he'll never leave;5 ( représentation abstraite) idea; l'idée de justice/du beau the idea of justice/beauty.idée cadeau gift idea; idée fixe idée fixe, obsession; c'est une idée fixe chez lui he's got a fixation about it; idée force key idea; idée de génie brainwave○; idée noire dark thought; idée reçue idée reçue; idée toute faite second-hand idea.[ide] nom fémininrien qu'à l'idée de la revoir, je tremble the mere thought ou the very idea of seeing her again makes me nervousheureusement qu'il a eu l'idée d'éteindre le gaz luckily he thought of turning the gas off ou it occurred to him to turn the gas offje me faisais une autre idée de la Tunisie/de sa femme I had imagined Tunisia/his wife to be differentmoi, t'en vouloir? en voilà une idée! me, hold it against you? where did you get that idea (from)?s'il croit obtenir le rôle, il se fait des idées if he thinks he's going to get the part, he's deceiving himselfdonner des idées à quelqu'un to give somebody ideas ou to put ideas in ou into somebody's headavoir des idées noires to be down in the dumps, to have the blues2. [inspiration, création] ideaqui a eu l'idée du barbecue? whose idea was it to have ou who suggested having a barbecue?3. [gré, convenance]fais à ton idée do as you see fit ou as you please4. (toujours singulier) [esprit]avoir dans l'idée que... to have an idea that..., to think that...tu la connais, quand elle a dans l'idée de faire quelque chose! you know her, when she's got it into her head to do something ou when she's set her mind on doing something!t'est-il jamais venu à l'idée que...? has it never occurred to you ou entered your head that...?on va au concert ce soir? ça m'était complètement sorti de l'idée (familier) we're going to the concert tonight? it had gone clean ou right out of my mind5. [point de vue]avoir des idées bien arrêtées sur to have set ideas ou definite views aboutidées préconçues preconceived ideas, preconceptionsavoir les idées larges/étroites to be broad-/narrow-mindedavoir une haute idée de quelqu'un/quelque chose to have a high opinion of somebody/something, to think highly of somebody/something6. [aperçu, impression] ideadonnez-moi une idée du prix que ça va coûter/du temps que ça va prendre give me a rough idea ou some idea of the price/of the time it will taketu n'as pas idée de son entêtement! you have no idea ou you can't imagine how stubborn he is!je n'en ai pas la moindre idée I haven't the slightest ou faintest ideaaucune idée! I haven't got a clue!, no idea!7. (en composition; avec ou sans trait d'union) -
75 Д-246
ОТДАВАТЬ/ОТДАТЬ ДОЛЖНОЕ кому-чему ОТДАВАТЬ/ОТДАТЬ (ДОЛЖНУЮ (ПОЛНУЮ» СПРАВЕДЛИВОСТЬ VP subj: human often infin with надо, нужно fixed WOto appreciate s.o. or sth., acknowledge s.o. 's merit, abilities, skills etc: X отдаёт Y-y должное = X gives Y W dueX has to hand it to Yнадо отдать Y-y должное - X has to give person Y credit(Y is...,) you've got to (X must) grant him that in all justice (fairness (to Y))... ( usu. when contrasted with the preceding statement)...(but) to do Y justice (in limited contexts) let us give credit where credit is dueнельзя (X не может) не отдать Y-y должное = X cannot but recognize thing Y (person Y's abilities, achievements etc).Гартвиг - человек особый. В чем-то я ему завидовал, за что-то глубоко его презирал... Но, разумеется, и отдавал ему должное: свой предмет он знает великолепно, и, главное, знает то, что нужно знать, и Кирилла натаскал здорово (Трифонов 5). Gartwig was no ordinary individual. There were some things about him I envied, and other things I was deeply contemptuous of....But I did of course give him his due: he knew his subject inside and out, and more to the point, he knew what it was necessary to know and did a fine job of coaching Kirill (5a).Марлен Михайлович... внимательно следил за лицами всей компании... Чаще всего взгляд Марлена Михайловича задерживался на «Видном лице» и всякий раз он отдавал ему должное - никак не проникнешь за эту маску (Аксёнов 7). Marlen Mikhailovich...kept close tabs on the faces of the entire crew....The Important Personage received more than his share of attention, of course, and Marlen Mikhailovich had to hand it to him, that mask of his was impenetrable (7a).Взяв всё это во внимание, Тюфяев, и тут нельзя ему не отдать справедливости, представлял министерству о том, чтоб им дать льготы и отсрочки (Герцен 1). Taking all this into consideration, Tyufayev —and one must give him credit for it—asked the Ministry to grant postponements and exemptions (1a).Дорн:) Да, её папенька порядочная таки скотина, надо отдать ему полную справедливость (Чехов 6). (D.:) Yes, her papa is rather a beast, I must grant him that (6d).Кончилось всё это тем, что Иванов соорудил камеру и в неё действительно уловил красный луч. И надо отдать справедливость, уловил мастерски: луч вышел жирный, сантиметра 4 в поперечнике, острый и сильный (Булгаков 10). This all ended with Ivanov finishing the construction of a chamber and actually capturing the red ray in it. And in all justice, it was an expert job: the ray came out thick,-almost four centimeters in diameter-sharp and powerful (10b).Мне приятно было думать, что Зинаида не может, однако, не отдать справедливости моей решимости, моему героизму... (Тургенев 3). I was glad to think that Zinaida could not but recognise my resolution, my heroism (3a). -
76 отдавать должное
[VP; subj: human; often infin with надо, нужно; fixed WO]=====⇒ to appreciate s.o. or sth., acknowledge s.o.'s merit, abilities, skills etc:- (Y is...,) you've got to < X must> grant him that;- in all justice (fairness < to Y>)...;- [usu. when contrasted with the preceding statement] ... (but) to do Y justice;- [in limited contexts] let us give credit where credit is due;|| нельзя < X не может> не отдать Y-y должное≈ X cannot but recognize thing Y (person Y's abilities, achievements etc).♦ Гартвиг - человек особый. В чем-то я ему завидовал, за что-то глубоко его презирал... Но, разумеется, и отдавал ему должное: свой предмет он знает великолепно, и, главное, знает то, что нужно знать, и Кирилла натаскал здорово (Трифонов 5). Gartwig was no ordinary individual. There were some things about him I envied, and other things I was deeply contemptuous of....But I did of course give him his due: he knew his subject inside and out, and more to the point, he knew what it was necessary to know and did a fine job of coaching Kirill (5a).♦ Марлен Михайлович... внимательно следил за лицами всей компании... Чаще всего взгляд Марлена Михайловича задерживался на "Видном лице" и всякий раз он отдавал ему должное - никак не проникнешь за эту маску (Аксёнов 7). Marlen Mikhailovich...kept close tabs on the faces of the entire crew....The Important Personage received more than his share of attention, of course, and Marlen Mikhailovich had to hand it to him; that mask of his was impenetrable (7a).♦ Взяв всё это во внимание, Тюфяев, и тут нельзя ему не отдать справедливости, представлял министерству о том, чтоб им дать льготы и отсрочки (Герцен 1). Taking all this into consideration, Tyufayev - and one must give him credit for it - asked the Ministry to grant postponements and exemptions (1a).♦ [Дорн:] Да, её папенька порядочная таки скотина, надо отдать ему полную справедливость (Чехов 6). [D.:] Yes, her papa is rather a beast, I must grant him that (6d).♦ Кончилось всё это тем, что Иванов соорудил камеру и в неё действительно уловил красный луч. И надо отдать справедливость, уловил мастерски: луч вышел жирный, сантиметра 4 в поперечнике, острый и сильный (Булгаков 10). This all ended with Ivanov finishing the construction of a chamber and actually capturing the red ray in it. And in all justice, it was an expert job: the ray came out thick,-almost four centimeters in diameter-sharp and powerful (10b).♦ Мне приятно было думать, что Зинаида не может, однако, не отдать справедливости моей решимости, моему героизму... (Тургенев 3). I was glad to think that Zinaida could not but recognise my resolution, my heroism (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > отдавать должное
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77 отдавать должную справедливость
[VP; subj: human; often infin with надо, нужно; fixed WO]=====⇒ to appreciate s.o. or sth., acknowledge s.o.'s merit, abilities, skills etc:- (Y is...,) you've got to < X must> grant him that;- in all justice (fairness < to Y>)...;- [usu. when contrasted with the preceding statement] ... (but) to do Y justice;- [in limited contexts] let us give credit where credit is due;|| нельзя < X не может> не отдать Y-y должное≈ X cannot but recognize thing Y (person Y's abilities, achievements etc).♦ Гартвиг - человек особый. В чем-то я ему завидовал, за что-то глубоко его презирал... Но, разумеется, и отдавал ему должное: свой предмет он знает великолепно, и, главное, знает то, что нужно знать, и Кирилла натаскал здорово (Трифонов 5). Gartwig was no ordinary individual. There were some things about him I envied, and other things I was deeply contemptuous of....But I did of course give him his due: he knew his subject inside and out, and more to the point, he knew what it was necessary to know and did a fine job of coaching Kirill (5a).♦ Марлен Михайлович... внимательно следил за лицами всей компании... Чаще всего взгляд Марлена Михайловича задерживался на "Видном лице" и всякий раз он отдавал ему должное - никак не проникнешь за эту маску (Аксёнов 7). Marlen Mikhailovich...kept close tabs on the faces of the entire crew....The Important Personage received more than his share of attention, of course, and Marlen Mikhailovich had to hand it to him; that mask of his was impenetrable (7a).♦ Взяв всё это во внимание, Тюфяев, и тут нельзя ему не отдать справедливости, представлял министерству о том, чтоб им дать льготы и отсрочки (Герцен 1). Taking all this into consideration, Tyufayev - and one must give him credit for it - asked the Ministry to grant postponements and exemptions (1a).♦ [Дорн:] Да, её папенька порядочная таки скотина, надо отдать ему полную справедливость (Чехов 6). [D.:] Yes, her papa is rather a beast, I must grant him that (6d).♦ Кончилось всё это тем, что Иванов соорудил камеру и в неё действительно уловил красный луч. И надо отдать справедливость, уловил мастерски: луч вышел жирный, сантиметра 4 в поперечнике, острый и сильный (Булгаков 10). This all ended with Ivanov finishing the construction of a chamber and actually capturing the red ray in it. And in all justice, it was an expert job: the ray came out thick,-almost four centimeters in diameter-sharp and powerful (10b).♦ Мне приятно было думать, что Зинаида не может, однако, не отдать справедливости моей решимости, моему героизму... (Тургенев 3). I was glad to think that Zinaida could not but recognise my resolution, my heroism (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > отдавать должную справедливость
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78 отдавать полную справедливость
[VP; subj: human; often infin with надо, нужно; fixed WO]=====⇒ to appreciate s.o. or sth., acknowledge s.o.'s merit, abilities, skills etc:- (Y is...,) you've got to < X must> grant him that;- in all justice (fairness < to Y>)...;- [usu. when contrasted with the preceding statement] ... (but) to do Y justice;- [in limited contexts] let us give credit where credit is due;|| нельзя < X не может> не отдать Y-y должное≈ X cannot but recognize thing Y (person Y's abilities, achievements etc).♦ Гартвиг - человек особый. В чем-то я ему завидовал, за что-то глубоко его презирал... Но, разумеется, и отдавал ему должное: свой предмет он знает великолепно, и, главное, знает то, что нужно знать, и Кирилла натаскал здорово (Трифонов 5). Gartwig was no ordinary individual. There were some things about him I envied, and other things I was deeply contemptuous of....But I did of course give him his due: he knew his subject inside and out, and more to the point, he knew what it was necessary to know and did a fine job of coaching Kirill (5a).♦ Марлен Михайлович... внимательно следил за лицами всей компании... Чаще всего взгляд Марлена Михайловича задерживался на "Видном лице" и всякий раз он отдавал ему должное - никак не проникнешь за эту маску (Аксёнов 7). Marlen Mikhailovich...kept close tabs on the faces of the entire crew....The Important Personage received more than his share of attention, of course, and Marlen Mikhailovich had to hand it to him; that mask of his was impenetrable (7a).♦ Взяв всё это во внимание, Тюфяев, и тут нельзя ему не отдать справедливости, представлял министерству о том, чтоб им дать льготы и отсрочки (Герцен 1). Taking all this into consideration, Tyufayev - and one must give him credit for it - asked the Ministry to grant postponements and exemptions (1a).♦ [Дорн:] Да, её папенька порядочная таки скотина, надо отдать ему полную справедливость (Чехов 6). [D.:] Yes, her papa is rather a beast, I must grant him that (6d).♦ Кончилось всё это тем, что Иванов соорудил камеру и в неё действительно уловил красный луч. И надо отдать справедливость, уловил мастерски: луч вышел жирный, сантиметра 4 в поперечнике, острый и сильный (Булгаков 10). This all ended with Ivanov finishing the construction of a chamber and actually capturing the red ray in it. And in all justice, it was an expert job: the ray came out thick,-almost four centimeters in diameter-sharp and powerful (10b).♦ Мне приятно было думать, что Зинаида не может, однако, не отдать справедливости моей решимости, моему героизму... (Тургенев 3). I was glad to think that Zinaida could not but recognise my resolution, my heroism (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > отдавать полную справедливость
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79 отдавать справедливость
[VP; subj: human; often infin with надо, нужно; fixed WO]=====⇒ to appreciate s.o. or sth., acknowledge s.o.'s merit, abilities, skills etc:- (Y is...,) you've got to < X must> grant him that;- in all justice (fairness < to Y>)...;- [usu. when contrasted with the preceding statement] ... (but) to do Y justice;- [in limited contexts] let us give credit where credit is due;|| нельзя < X не может> не отдать Y-y должное≈ X cannot but recognize thing Y (person Y's abilities, achievements etc).♦ Гартвиг - человек особый. В чем-то я ему завидовал, за что-то глубоко его презирал... Но, разумеется, и отдавал ему должное: свой предмет он знает великолепно, и, главное, знает то, что нужно знать, и Кирилла натаскал здорово (Трифонов 5). Gartwig was no ordinary individual. There were some things about him I envied, and other things I was deeply contemptuous of....But I did of course give him his due: he knew his subject inside and out, and more to the point, he knew what it was necessary to know and did a fine job of coaching Kirill (5a).♦ Марлен Михайлович... внимательно следил за лицами всей компании... Чаще всего взгляд Марлена Михайловича задерживался на "Видном лице" и всякий раз он отдавал ему должное - никак не проникнешь за эту маску (Аксёнов 7). Marlen Mikhailovich...kept close tabs on the faces of the entire crew....The Important Personage received more than his share of attention, of course, and Marlen Mikhailovich had to hand it to him; that mask of his was impenetrable (7a).♦ Взяв всё это во внимание, Тюфяев, и тут нельзя ему не отдать справедливости, представлял министерству о том, чтоб им дать льготы и отсрочки (Герцен 1). Taking all this into consideration, Tyufayev - and one must give him credit for it - asked the Ministry to grant postponements and exemptions (1a).♦ [Дорн:] Да, её папенька порядочная таки скотина, надо отдать ему полную справедливость (Чехов 6). [D.:] Yes, her papa is rather a beast, I must grant him that (6d).♦ Кончилось всё это тем, что Иванов соорудил камеру и в неё действительно уловил красный луч. И надо отдать справедливость, уловил мастерски: луч вышел жирный, сантиметра 4 в поперечнике, острый и сильный (Булгаков 10). This all ended with Ivanov finishing the construction of a chamber and actually capturing the red ray in it. And in all justice, it was an expert job: the ray came out thick,-almost four centimeters in diameter-sharp and powerful (10b).♦ Мне приятно было думать, что Зинаида не может, однако, не отдать справедливости моей решимости, моему героизму... (Тургенев 3). I was glad to think that Zinaida could not but recognise my resolution, my heroism (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > отдавать справедливость
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80 отдать должное
[VP; subj: human; often infin with надо, нужно; fixed WO]=====⇒ to appreciate s.o. or sth., acknowledge s.o.'s merit, abilities, skills etc:- (Y is...,) you've got to < X must> grant him that;- in all justice (fairness < to Y>)...;- [usu. when contrasted with the preceding statement] ... (but) to do Y justice;- [in limited contexts] let us give credit where credit is due;|| нельзя < X не может> не отдать Y-y должное≈ X cannot but recognize thing Y (person Y's abilities, achievements etc).♦ Гартвиг - человек особый. В чем-то я ему завидовал, за что-то глубоко его презирал... Но, разумеется, и отдавал ему должное: свой предмет он знает великолепно, и, главное, знает то, что нужно знать, и Кирилла натаскал здорово (Трифонов 5). Gartwig was no ordinary individual. There were some things about him I envied, and other things I was deeply contemptuous of....But I did of course give him his due: he knew his subject inside and out, and more to the point, he knew what it was necessary to know and did a fine job of coaching Kirill (5a).♦ Марлен Михайлович... внимательно следил за лицами всей компании... Чаще всего взгляд Марлена Михайловича задерживался на "Видном лице" и всякий раз он отдавал ему должное - никак не проникнешь за эту маску (Аксёнов 7). Marlen Mikhailovich...kept close tabs on the faces of the entire crew....The Important Personage received more than his share of attention, of course, and Marlen Mikhailovich had to hand it to him; that mask of his was impenetrable (7a).♦ Взяв всё это во внимание, Тюфяев, и тут нельзя ему не отдать справедливости, представлял министерству о том, чтоб им дать льготы и отсрочки (Герцен 1). Taking all this into consideration, Tyufayev - and one must give him credit for it - asked the Ministry to grant postponements and exemptions (1a).♦ [Дорн:] Да, её папенька порядочная таки скотина, надо отдать ему полную справедливость (Чехов 6). [D.:] Yes, her papa is rather a beast, I must grant him that (6d).♦ Кончилось всё это тем, что Иванов соорудил камеру и в неё действительно уловил красный луч. И надо отдать справедливость, уловил мастерски: луч вышел жирный, сантиметра 4 в поперечнике, острый и сильный (Булгаков 10). This all ended with Ivanov finishing the construction of a chamber and actually capturing the red ray in it. And in all justice, it was an expert job: the ray came out thick,-almost four centimeters in diameter-sharp and powerful (10b).♦ Мне приятно было думать, что Зинаида не может, однако, не отдать справедливости моей решимости, моему героизму... (Тургенев 3). I was glad to think that Zinaida could not but recognise my resolution, my heroism (3a).Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > отдать должное
См. также в других словарях:
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