-
21 judge
[dʒʌdʒ] 1. n ( JUR) 2. vtcompetition, match sędziować; ( estimate) określać (określić perf), oceniać (ocenić perf); ( evaluate) oceniać; ( consider) uznawać (uznać perf) za +acc3. viwydawać (wydać perf) opinięjudging/to judge by his expression — sądząc z jego wyrazu twarzy
* * *1. verb1) (to hear and try (cases) in a court of law: Who will be judging this murder case?) sądzić2) (to decide which is the best in a competition etc: Is she going to judge the singing competition again?; Who will be judging the vegetables at the flower show?; Who is judging at the horse show?) sędziować3) (to consider and form an idea of; to estimate: You can't judge a man by his appearance; Watch how a cat judges the distance before it jumps; She couldn't judge whether he was telling the truth.) oceniać4) (to criticize for doing wrong: We have no right to judge him - we might have done the same thing ourselves.) osądzać2. noun1) (a public officer who hears and decides cases in a law court: The judge asked if the jury had reached a verdict.) sędzia2) (a person who decides which is the best in a competition etc: The judge's decision is final (= you cannot argue with the judge's decision); He was asked to be on the panel of judges at the beauty contest.) sędzia3) (a person who is skilled at deciding how good etc something is: He says she's honest, and he's a good judge of character; He seems a very fine pianist to me, but I'm no judge.) znawca•- judgement- judgment
- judging from / to judge from
- pass judgement on
- pass judgement -
22 keep
[kiːp] 1. pt, pp kept, vt( retain) receipt zachowywać (zachować perf); money zatrzymywać (zatrzymać perf); job utrzymywać (utrzymać perf); (preserve, store) przechowywać (przechować perf), trzymać; ( detain) zatrzymywać (zatrzymać perf); ( hold back) powstrzymywać (powstrzymać perf); shop, accounts, notes prowadzić; chickens etc hodować, trzymać (inf); family utrzymywać; promise dotrzymywać (dotrzymać perf) +genwe try to keep her happy — staramy się, żeby była zadowolona
to keep sb waiting — kazać (kazać perf) komuś czekać
to keep an appointment — przychodzić (przyjść perf) na (umówione) spotkanie
to keep sth to o.s. — zachowywać (zachować perf) coś dla siebie
to keep sth (back) from sb — zatajać (zataić perf) coś przed kimś
to keep sb from doing sth — powstrzymywać (powstrzymać perf) kogoś od (z)robienia czegoś
to keep time — clock wskazywać czas
how are you keeping? ( inf) — jak (ci) leci? (inf)
Phrasal Verbs:- keep in- keep off- keep on- keep out- keep up2. vi 3. n* * *[ki:p] 1. past tense, past participle - kept; verb1) (to have for a very long or indefinite period of time: He gave me the picture to keep.) trzymać, mieć w posiadaniu2) (not to give or throw away; to preserve: I kept the most interesting books; Can you keep a secret?) zatrzymać3) (to (cause to) remain in a certain state or position: I keep this gun loaded; How do you keep cool in this heat?; Will you keep me informed of what happens?) utrzymywać4) (to go on (performing or repeating a certain action): He kept walking.) wciąż (coś robić), nie przestawać5) (to have in store: I always keep a tin of baked beans for emergencies.) mieć (w zapasie)6) (to look after or care for: She keeps the garden beautifully; I think they keep hens.) utrzymywać7) (to remain in good condition: That meat won't keep in this heat unless you put it in the fridge.) zachowywać swieżość8) (to make entries in (a diary, accounts etc): She keeps a diary to remind her of her appointments; He kept the accounts for the club.) prowadzić9) (to hold back or delay: Sorry to keep you.) zatrzymywać10) (to provide food, clothes, housing for (someone): He has a wife and child to keep.) utrzymywać11) (to act in the way demanded by: She kept her promise.) dotrzymywać12) (to celebrate: to keep Christmas.) obchodzić2. noun(food and lodging: She gives her mother money every week for her keep; Our cat really earns her keep - she kills all the mice in the house.) utrzymanie- keeper- keeping
- keep-fit
- keepsake
- for keeps
- in keeping with
- keep away
- keep back
- keep one's distance
- keep down
- keep one's end up
- keep from
- keep going
- keep hold of
- keep house for
- keep house
- keep in
- keep in mind
- keep it up
- keep off
- keep on
- keep oneself to oneself
- keep out
- keep out of
- keep time
- keep to
- keep something to oneself
- keep to oneself
- keep up
- keep up with the Joneses
- keep watch -
23 patrol
[pə'trəul] 1. npatrol m2. vt* * *[pə'trəul] 1. past tense, past participle - patrolled; verb(to watch or protect (an area) by moving continually around or through it: Soldiers patrolled the streets.) patrolować2. noun1) (a group of people etc who patrol an area: They came across several army patrols in the hills.) patrol2) (the act of watching or guarding by patrolling: The soldiers went out on patrol; ( also adjective) patrol duty.) patrol, patrolowy -
24 pawn
[pɔːn] 1. npionek m2. vt* * *[po:n] 1. verb(to give (an article of value) to a pawnbroker in exchange for money (which may be repaid at a later time to get the article back): I had to pawn my watch to pay the bill.) zastawić2. noun1) (in chess, one of the small pieces of lowest rank.) pionek2) (a person who is used by another person for his own gain, advantage etc: She was a pawn in his ambitious plans.) pionek•- pawnshop
- in pawn -
25 redeem
[rɪ'diːm]vtsituation, reputation ratować (uratować perf); sth in pawn wykupywać (wykupić perf); loan spłacać (spłacić perf); ( REL) odkupić ( perf)to redeem o.s. — zrehabilitować się ( perf)
* * *[rə'di:m]1) (to buy back (something that has been pawned): I'm going to redeem my gold watch.) wykupić2) (to set (a person) free by paying a ransom; (of Jesus Christ) to free (a person) from sin.) wykupić, zbawić3) (to compensate for or cancel out the faults of: His willingness to work redeemed him in her eyes.) (s)kompensować•- Redeemer- redemption
- past/beyond redemption
- redeeming feature -
26 regulate
['rɛgjuleɪt]vt* * *[-leit]1) (to control: We must regulate our spending; Traffic lights are used to regulate traffic.) regulować2) (to adjust (a piece of machinery etc) so that it works at a certain rate etc: Can you regulate this watch so that it keeps time accurately?) wyregulować -
27 reward
[rɪ'wɔːd] 1. nnagroda f2. vt* * *[rə'wo:d] 1. noun1) (something given in return for or got from work done, good behaviour etc: He was given a gold watch as a reward for his services to the firm; Apart from the salary, teaching children has its own particular rewards.) nagroda2) (a sum of money offered for finding a criminal, lost or stolen property etc: A reward of $100 has been offered to the person who finds the diamond brooch.) nagroda2. verb(to give a reward to someone for something: He was rewarded for his services; His services were rewarded.) nagrodzić -
28 roll in
-
29 say
[seɪ] 1. pt, pp said, vt 2. nto have a/some say in sth — mieć coś do powiedzenia w jakiejś sprawie, mieć na coś (pewien) wpływ
she said (that) I was to give you this — powiedziała, że mam ci to dać
it says on the sign "No Smoking" — na znaku napisane jest "Palenie wzbronione"
there is something/a lot to be said for this description — ten opis ma parę/wiele zalet
it goes without saying that … — to oczywiste, że …
say (that) you won a million pounds — powiedzmy, że wygrałeś milion funtów
* * *[sei] 1. 3rd person singular present tense - says; verb1) (to speak or utter: What did you say?; She said `Yes'.) mówić2) (to tell, state or declare: She said how she had enjoyed meeting me; She is said to be very beautiful.) powiedzieć3) (to repeat: The child says her prayers every night.) powtarzać4) (to guess or estimate: I can't say when he'll return.) zgadnąć, ocenić, powiedzieć2. noun(the right or opportunity to state one's opinion: I haven't had my say yet; We have no say in the decision.) wypowiedzenie się- saying- have
- I wouldn't say no to
- let's say
- say
- say the word
- that is to say -
30 set
[sɛt] 1. n( of problems) zespół m; (of saucepans, books) komplet m; ( of people) grupa f; (also: radio set) radio nt, odbiornik m radiowy; (also: TV set) telewizor m, odbiornik m telewizyjny; (TENNIS) set m; ( MATH) zbiór m; (FILM) plan m; ( THEAT) dekoracje pl; ( of hair) ułożenie nt, modelowanie nt2. adj 3. vt; pt, pp setplace, stage przygotowywać (przygotować perf); time, rules ustalać (ustalić perf); record ustanawiać (ustanowić perf); alarm, watch nastawiać (nastawić perf); task, exercise zadawać (zadać perf); exam układać (ułożyć perf); ( TYP) składać (złożyć perf)4. vi; pt, pp setsun zachodzić (zajść perf); jelly, concrete tężeć (stężeć perf); glue wysychać (wyschnąć perf); bone zrastać się (zrosnąć się perf)to set the table — nakrywać (nakryć perf) do stołu
to set sth to music — komponować (skomponować perf) muzykę do czegoś
to set free — uwalniać (uwolnić perf), zwalniać (zwolnić perf)
to set sail — podnosić (podnieść perf) żagle
Phrasal Verbs:- set back- set in- set off- set out- set up* * *[set] 1. present participle - setting; verb1) (to put or place: She set the tray down on the table.) kłaść2) (to put plates, knives, forks etc on (a table) for a meal: Please would you set the table for me?) nakrywać do3) (to settle or arrange (a date, limit, price etc): It's difficult to set a price on a book when you don't know its value.) ustalać, określać4) (to give a person (a task etc) to do: The witch set the prince three tasks; The teacher set a test for her pupils; He should set the others a good example.) dawać5) (to cause to start doing something: His behaviour set people talking.) skłaniać do6) ((of the sun etc) to disappear below the horizon: It gets cooler when the sun sets.) zachodzić7) (to become firm or solid: Has the concrete set?) zastygnąć, wiązać8) (to adjust (eg a clock or its alarm) so that it is ready to perform its function: He set the alarm for 7.00 a.m.) nastawić9) (to arrange (hair) in waves or curls.) ułożyć10) (to fix in the surface of something, eg jewels in a ring.) osadzić11) (to put (broken bones) into the correct position for healing: They set his broken arm.) nastawić, złożyć2. adjective1) (fixed or arranged previously: There is a set procedure for doing this.) ustalony, stały2) ((often with on) ready, intending or determined (to do something): He is set on going.) gotowy, zdeterminowany3) (deliberate: He had the set intention of hurting her.) rozmyślny, postanowiony4) (stiff; fixed: He had a set smile on his face.) nieruchomy5) (not changing or developing: set ideas.) stały, ustalony6) ((with with) having something set in it: a gold ring set with diamonds.) wysadzony3. noun1) (a group of things used or belonging together: a set of carving tools; a complete set of (the novels of) Jane Austen.) zestaw, komplet2) (an apparatus for receiving radio or television signals: a television/radio set.) odbiornik3) (a group of people: the musical set.) zespół4) (the process of setting hair: a shampoo and set.) ułożenie5) (scenery for a play or film: There was a very impressive set in the final act.) dekoracje, plan6) (a group of six or more games in tennis: She won the first set and lost the next two.) set•- setting- setback
- set phrase
- set-square
- setting-lotion
- set-to
- set-up
- all set
- set about
- set someone against someone
- set against someone
- set someone against
- set against
- set aside
- set back
- set down
- set in
- set off
- set something or someone on someone
- set on someone
- set something or someone on
- set on
- set out
- set to
- set up
- set up camp
- set up house
- set up shop
- set upon -
31 slave
[sleɪv] 1. nniewolnik(-ica) m(f)2. vi(also: slave away) harowaćto slave (away) at — męczyć się nad +instr
* * *[sleiv] 1. noun1) (a person who works for a master to whom he belongs: In the nineteenth century many Africans were sold as slaves in the United States.) niewolnik2) (a person who works very hard for someone else: He has a slave who types his letters and organizes his life for him.) najemnik, niewolnik2. verb(to work very hard, often for another person: I've been slaving away for you all day while you sit and watch television.) harować- slavery -
32 spring
[sprɪŋ] 1. n( coiled metal) sprężyna f; ( season) wiosna f; ( of water) źródło nt; ( small) źródełko nt2. vi; pt sprang, pp sprung 3. vt; pt sprang, pp sprungthe pipe/boat had sprung a leak — rura/łódka zaczęła przeciekać
in spring — wiosną, na wiosnę
to spring from — wynikać (wyniknąć perf) z +gen
to spring into action — zaczynać (zacząć perf) działać
Phrasal Verbs:* * *[spriŋ] 1. past tense - sprang; verb1) (to jump, leap or move swiftly (usually upwards): She sprang into the boat.) skoczyć2) (to arise or result from: His bravery springs from his love of adventure.) wynikać z, mieć swoje źródło w3) (to (cause a trap to) close violently: The trap must have sprung when the hare stepped in it.) zatrzasnąć (się)2. noun1) (a coil of wire or other similar device which can be compressed or squeezed down but returns to its original shape when released: a watch-spring; the springs in a chair.) sprężyna2) (the season of the year between winter and summer when plants begin to flower or grow leaves: Spring is my favourite season.) wiosna3) (a leap or sudden movement: The lion made a sudden spring on its prey.) skok4) (the ability to stretch and spring back again: There's not a lot of spring in this old trampoline.) sprężystość5) (a small stream flowing out from the ground.) źródło•- springy- springiness
- sprung
- springboard
- spring cleaning
- springtime
- spring up -
33 station
['steɪʃən] 1. n ( RAIL)dworzec m; ( small) stacja f; (also: bus station) dworzec m autobusowy; (also: police station) posterunek m (policji); (RADIO) stacja f2. vtguards etc wystawiać (wystawić perf)to be stationed in/at ( MIL) — stacjonować w +loc
* * *['steiʃən] 1. noun1) (a place with a ticket office, waiting rooms etc, where trains, buses or coaches stop to allow passengers to get on or off: a bus station; She arrived at the station in good time for her train.) dworzec2) (a local headquarters or centre of work of some kind: How many fire-engines are kept at the fire station?; a radio station; Where is the police station?; military/naval stations.) posterunek, placówka, stacja3) (a post or position (eg of a guard or other person on duty): The watchman remained at his station all night.) stanowisko2. verb(to put (a person, oneself, troops etc in a place or position to perform some duty): He stationed himself at the corner of the road to keep watch; The regiment is stationed abroad.) ustawiać, rozlokować -
34 stay
[steɪ] 1. npobyt m2. vipozostawać (pozostać perf), zostawać (zostać perf)to stay the night — zostawać (zostać perf) na noc
Phrasal Verbs:- stay in- stay on- stay out- stay up* * *[stei] 1. verb1) (to remain (in a place) for a time, eg while travelling, or as a guest etc: We stayed three nights at that hotel / with a friend / in Paris; Aunt Mary is coming to stay (for a fortnight); Would you like to stay for supper?; Stay and watch that television programme.) zostawać, zatrzymywać się2) (to remain (in a particular position, place, state or condition): The doctor told her to stay in bed; He never stays long in any job; Stay away from the office till your cold is better; Why won't these socks stay up?; Stay where you are - don't move!; In 1900, people didn't realize that motor cars were here to stay.) pozostawać2. noun(a period of staying (in a place etc): We had an overnight stay / a two days' stay in London.) pobyt- stay in
- stay out
- stay put
- stay up -
35 step
[stɛp] 1. nstep by step ( fig) — krok po kroku
to march in/out of step (with) — maszerować w takt/nie w takt ( +gen)
to be in/out of step with ( fig) — być/nie być zgodnym z +instr
- steps2. vi, see stepladderto step forward/back — występować (wystąpić perf) w przód/w tył
Phrasal Verbs:- step in- step off- step on- step up* * *[step] 1. noun1) (one movement of the foot in walking, running, dancing etc: He took a step forward; walking with hurried steps.) krok2) (the distance covered by this: He moved a step or two nearer; The restaurant is only a step (= a short distance) away.) krok3) (the sound made by someone walking etc: I heard (foot) steps.) krok4) (a particular movement with the feet, eg in dancing: The dance has some complicated steps.) krok5) (a flat surface, or one flat surface in a series, eg on a stair or stepladder, on which to place the feet or foot in moving up or down: A flight of steps led down to the cellar; Mind the step!; She was sitting on the doorstep.) stopień6) (a stage in progress, development etc: Mankind made a big step forward with the invention of the wheel; His present job is a step up from his previous one.) krok7) (an action or move (towards accomplishing an aim etc): That would be a foolish/sensible step to take; I shall take steps to prevent this happening again.) krok2. verb(to make a step, or to walk: He opened the door and stepped out; She stepped briskly along the road.) robić krok, iść- steps- stepladder
- stepping-stones
- in
- out of step
- step aside
- step by step
- step in
- step out
- step up
- watch one's step -
36 stop
[stɔp] 1. nprzystanek m; (also: full stop) kropka f2. vtperson powstrzymywać (powstrzymać perf); car zatrzymywać (zatrzymać perf); pay wstrzymywać (wstrzymać perf); crime zapobiegać (zapobiec perf) +dat3. viperson zatrzymywać się (zatrzymać się perf); watch, clock stawać (stanąć perf); rain, noise ustawać (ustać perf)to stop a cheque — wstrzymywać (wstrzymać perf) wypłatę z czeku
to stop doing sth — przestawać (przestać perf) coś robić
to put a stop to — kłaść (położyć perf) kres +dat
to stop sb (from) doing sth — powstrzymywać (powstrzymać perf) kogoś od zrobienia czegoś
Phrasal Verbs:- stop by- stop off- stop up* * *[stop] 1. past tense, past participle - stopped; verb1) (to (make something) cease moving, or come to rest, a halt etc: He stopped the car and got out; This train does not stop at Birmingham; He stopped to look at the map; He signalled with his hand to stop the bus.) zatrzymać (się)2) (to prevent from doing something: We must stop him (from) going; I was going to say something rude but stopped myself just in time.) (po)wstrzymać (się)3) (to discontinue or cease eg doing something: That woman just can't stop talking; The rain has stopped; It has stopped raining.) przestać, skończyć się4) (to block or close: He stopped his ears with his hands when she started to shout at him.) zatykać5) (to close (a hole, eg on a flute) or press down (a string on a violin etc) in order to play a particular note.) nacisnąć6) (to stay: Will you be stopping long at the hotel?) zatrzymać się2. noun1) (an act of stopping or state of being stopped: We made only two stops on our journey; Work came to a stop for the day.) przerwa2) (a place for eg a bus to stop: a bus stop.) przystanek3) (in punctuation, a full stop: Put a stop at the end of the sentence.) kropka4) (a device on a flute etc for covering the holes in order to vary the pitch, or knobs for bringing certain pipes into use on an organ.) klapka, rejestr5) (a device, eg a wedge etc, for stopping the movement of something, or for keeping it in a fixed position: a door-stop.) ogranicznik•- stoppage- stopper
- stopping
- stopcock
- stopgap
- stopwatch
- put a stop to
- stop at nothing
- stop dead
- stop off
- stop over
- stop up -
37 trade
[treɪd] 1. n( exchanging goods) handel m; ( business) branża f; (skill, job) fach m2. vi 3. vtto trade sth (for sth) — wymieniać (wymienić perf) coś (na coś)
to trade in/with — prowadzić handel +instr /z +instr
Phrasal Verbs:- trade in* * *[treid] 1. noun1) (the buying and selling of goods: Japan does a lot of trade with Britain.) handel2) ((a) business, occupation, or job: He's in the jewellery trade.) zawód2. verb1) ((often with in or with) to buy and sell: They made a lot of money by trading; They trade in fruit and vegetables.) handlować2) (to exchange: I traded my watch for a bicycle.) wymienić•- trader- trademark
- tradename
- tradesman
- trades union
- trade union
- trades unionist
- trade unionist
- trade wind
- trade in -
38 work
[wəːk] 1. n 2. vi 3. vtto go/get or set to work — zabierać się (zabrać się perf) do pracy
to work a mine/an oil well — pracować przy wydobyciu węgla/ropy
to work loose — screw etc obluzowywać się (obluzować się perf); knot rozluźniać się (rozluźnić się perf)
to work on the principle that … — działać przy założeniu, że …
to work miracles/wonders — czynić cuda
Phrasal Verbs:- work on- work out- work up* * *[wə:k] 1. noun1) (effort made in order to achieve or make something: He has done a lot of work on this project) praca, robota2) (employment: I cannot find work in this town.) praca, zajęcie3) (a task or tasks; the thing that one is working on: Please clear your work off the table.) praca4) (a painting, book, piece of music etc: the works of Van Gogh / Shakespeare/Mozart; This work was composed in 1816.) dzieło5) (the product or result of a person's labours: His work has shown a great improvement lately.) praca6) (one's place of employment: He left (his) work at 5.30 p.m.; I don't think I'll go to work tomorrow.) praca2. verb1) (to (cause to) make efforts in order to achieve or make something: She works at the factory three days a week; He works his employees very hard; I've been working on/at a new project.) pracować2) (to be employed: Are you working just now?) pracować, być zajętym3) (to (cause to) operate (in the correct way): He has no idea how that machine works / how to work that machine; That machine doesn't/won't work, but this one's working.) działać, obsługiwać4) (to be practicable and/or successful: If my scheme works, we'll be rich!) sprawdzić się5) (to make (one's way) slowly and carefully with effort or difficulty: She worked her way up the rock face.) posuwać się powoli, przedostać się itd.6) (to get into, or put into, a stated condition or position, slowly and gradually: The wheel worked loose.) stopniowo stawać się7) (to make by craftsmanship: The ornaments had been worked in gold.) wykonać, wykuć•- - work- workable
- worker
- works 3. noun plural1) (the mechanism (of a watch, clock etc): The works are all rusted.) mechanizm2) (deeds, actions etc: She's devoted her life to good works.) uczynek•- work-box
- workbook
- workforce
- working class
- working day
- work-day
- working hours
- working-party
- work-party
- working week
- workman
- workmanlike
- workmanship
- workmate
- workout
- workshop
- at work
- get/set to work
- go to work on
- have one's work cut out
- in working order
- out of work
- work of art
- work off
- work out
- work up
- work up to
- work wonders
- 1
- 2
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