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61 War.
геогр.; сокр. от Warwickshire -
62 Warwick
['wɔrɪk]сущ. геогр.1) Уорика) город в Англии, адм. центр графства Уорикширб) = Warwickshire2) Уорик (город в США, штат Род-Айленд) -
63 Half-Bred Wools
A term applied to wools produced Joy breeding from two types of pure bred sheep. North - This is a cross between Border Leicester and Cheviot. It is by far the most important and valuable and is usually classed as demi-lustre wool. It has a 6-in. staple and spins 46's quality. South Ireland- - Similar in quality and length to North wools, it is clean, but not so nice in handle. Scotch Cross is between Leicester and Blackfaced, and between Cheviot and Black-faced. It is inferior in quality. Other well-known crosses are: - Down-Cheviot, Leicester-Down, Down-North, Leicester-North. These are, however, never used for breeding. Lambs or hoggs are fed and slaughtered as they reach condition for the butcher, hence these wools are chiefly from skins. Very good half-breds are also grown in Nottingham, Leicester, Lincoln, Derbyshire and Warwickshire. Eastern Counties' half-breds are very good hosiery types, but are heavier, not so attractive, and have more grey fibres. -
64 ELM-TREE
alalmë, lalmë; LAND OF ELMS Alalminórë (Warwickshire) –ÁLAM/LT1:249, LÁLAM -
65 Bedson, George
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 3 November 1820 Sutton Coldfield, Warwickshire, Englandd. 12 December 1884 Manchester (?), England[br]English metallurgist, inventor of the continuous rolling mill.[br]He acquired a considerable knowledge of wire-making in his father's works before he took a position in 1839 at the works of James Edleston at Warrington. From there, in 1851, he went to Manchester as Manager of Richard Johnson \& Sons' wire mill, where he remained for the rest of his life. It was there that he initiated several important improvements in the manufacture of wire. These included a system of circulating puddling furnace water bottoms and sides, and a galvanizing process. His most important innovation, however, was the continuous mill for producing iron rod for wiredrawing. Previously the red-hot iron billets had to be handled repeatedly through a stand or set of rolls to reduce the billet to the required shape, with time and heat being lost at each handling. In Bedson's continuous mill, the billet entered the first of a succession of stands placed as closely to each other as possible and emerged from the final one as rod suitable for wiredrawing, without any intermediate handling. A second novel feature was that alternate rolls were arranged vertically to save turning the piece manually through a right angle. That improved the quality as well as the speed of production. Bedson's first continuous mill was erected in Manchester in 1862 and had sixteen stands in tandem. A mill on this principle had been patented the previous year by Charles While of Pontypridd, South Wales, but it was Bedson who made it work and brought it into use commercially. A difficult problem to overcome was that as the piece being rolled lengthened, its speed increased, so that each pair of rolls had to increase correspondingly. The only source of power was a steam engine working a single drive shaft, but Bedson achieved the greater speeds by using successively larger gear-wheels at each stand.Bedson's first mill was highly successful, and a second one was erected at the Manchester works; however, its application was limited to the production of small bars, rods and sections. Nevertheless, Bedson's mill established an important principle of rolling-mill design that was to have wider applications in later years.[br]Further ReadingObituary, 1884, Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute 27:539–40. W.K.V.Gale, 1969, Iron and Steel, London: Longmans, pp. 81–2.LRD -
66 Blith, Walter
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. Seventeenth century Warwickshire, Englandd. Seventeenth century England[br][br]Blith was the son of a cereal and dairy farmer from the Forest of Arden. He wrote a treatise on farming which was of contemporary value in its description of drainage and water meadows, both subjects of particular relevance in the mid-seventeenth century. The book, The English Improver, contains illustrations of agricultural equipment which have become an almost obligatory inclusion in any book on agricultural history. His understanding of the plough is apparent from the text and illustrations, and his was an important step in the understanding of the scientific principles to be applied to its later design. The introduction to the book is addressed to both Houses of Parliament, and is very much an attempt to highlight and seek solutions to the problems of the agriculture of the day. In it he advocates the passing of legislation to improve agricultural practice, whether this be for the destruction of moles or for the compulsory planting of trees to replace those felled.Blith himself became a captain in the Roundhead Army during the English Civil War, and even added a dedication to Cromwell in the introduction to his second book, The English Improver Improved, published in 1652. This book contains additional information on both practice and crops, an expansion in knowledge which presumably owes something to Blith's employment as a surveyor of Crown lands between 1649 and 1650. He himself bought and farmed such land in Northamptonshire. His advice on the choice of land for particular crops and the implements of best use for that land expressed ideas in advance of their times, and it was to be almost a century before his writings were taken up and developed.[br]Bibliography1649, The English Improver; or, A New Survey of Husbandry Discovering to the Kingdom That Some Land, Both Arable and Pasture May be Advance Double or Treble, and Some five or Tenfold.1652, The English Improver Improved.Further ReadingJ.Thirsk (ed.), 1985, The Agrarian History of England and Wales, Vol. II (deals with Blith and the agriculture of his time).AP -
67 Ferguson, Harry
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 4 November 1884 County Down, Irelandd. 25 October 1960 England[br]Irish engineer who developed a tractor hydraulic system for cultivation equipment, and thereby revolutionized tractor design.[br]Ferguson's father was a small farmer who expected his son to help on the farm from an early age. As a result he received little formal education, and on leaving school joined his brother in a backstreet workshop in Belfast repairing motor bikes. By the age of 19 he had built his own bike and began hill-climbing competitions and racing. His successes in these ventures gained useful publicity for the workshop. In 1907 he built his own car and entered it into competitions, and in 1909 became the first person in Britain to build and fly a machine that was heavier than air.On the outbreak of the First World War he was appointed by the Irish Department of Agriculture to supervise the operation and maintenance of all farm tractors. His experiences convinced him that even the Ford tractor and the implements available for it were inadequate for the task, and he began to experiment with his own plough designs. The formation of the Ferguson-Sherman Corporation resulted in the production of thousands of the ploughs he had designed for the Ford tractor, but in 1928 Ford discontinued production of tractors, and Ferguson returned to Ireland. He immediately began to design his own tractor. Six years of development led to the building of a prototype that weighed only 16 cwt (813kg). In 1936 David Brown of Huddersfield, Yorkshire, began production of these tractors for Ferguson, but the partnership was not wholly successful and was dissolved after three years. In 1939 Ferguson and Ford reached their famous "Handshake agreement", in which no formal contract was signed, and the mass production of the Ford Ferguson system tractors began that year. During the next nine years 300,000 tractors and a million implements were produced under this agreement. However, on the death of Henry Ford the company began production, under his son, of their own tractor. Ferguson returned to the UK and negotiated a deal with the Standard Motor Company of Coventry for the production of his tractor. At the same time he took legal action against Ford, which resulted in that company being forced to stop production and to pay damages amounting to US$9.5 million.Aware that his equipment would only operate when set up properly, Ferguson established a training school at Stoneleigh in Warwickshire which was to be a model for other manufacturers. In 1953, by amicable agreement, Ferguson amalgamated with the Massey Harris Company to form Massey Ferguson, and in so doing added harvesting machinery to the range of equipment produced. A year later he disposed of his shares in the new company and turned his attention again to the motor car. Although a number of experimental cars were produced, there were no long-lasting developments from this venture other than a four-wheel-drive system based on hydraulics; this was used by a number of manufacturers on occasional models. Ferguson's death heralded the end of these developments.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHonorary DSc Queen's University, Belfast, 1948.Further ReadingC.Murray, 1972, Harry Ferguson, Inventor and Pioneer. John Murray.AP -
68 Floyer, Sir John
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 3 March 1649 Hints, Warwickshire, Englandd. 1734 Lichfield, Staffordshire, England[br]English physician, pioneer in the measurement of pulse and respiration rate.[br]The younger son of a landed Midlands family, Floyer embarked on medical studies at Oxford at the age of 15 and graduated in 1674. He returned to Lichfield where he resided and practised, as well as being acquainted with the family of Samuel Johnson, for the remainder of a long life. Described by a later biographer as "fantastic, whimsical, pretentious, research-minded and nebulous", he none the less, as his various medical writings testify, became a pioneer in several fields of medical endeavour. It seems likely that he was well aware of the teachings of Sanctorius in relation to measurement in medicine and he probably had a copy of Sanctorius's weighing-machine made and put to use in Lichfield.He also embarked on extensive studies relating to pulse, respiration rate, temperature, barometric readings and even latitude. Initially he used the minute hand of a pendulum clock or a navigational minute glass. He then commissioned from Samuel Watson, a London watch-and clockmaker, a physicians' pulse watch incorporating a second-hand and a stop mechanism. In 1707 and 1710 he published a massive work, dedicated to Queen Anne, that emphasized the value of the accurate measurement of pulse rates in health and disease.His other interests included studies of blood pressure, asthma, and the medical value of cold bathing. It is of interest that it was at his suggestion that the young Samuel Johnson was taken to London to receive the Royal Touch, from Queen Anne, for scrofula.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1686.Bibliography1707–10, The Physicians Pulse Watch, 2 vols, London.Further ReadingD.D.Gibb, 1969, 'Sir John Floyer, M.D. (1649–1734), British Medical Journal.MG -
69 RWR
RWR, radar warning receiver————————RWR, rail-water-rail"железная дорога - водный транспорт - железная дорога" (тип перевозки)————————RWR, Бр Royal Warwickshire RegimentEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > RWR
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70 War.
War.Warwickshire Уорвикшир (графство в Англии) ————————War.warrant 1) полномочие 2) удостоверение 3) ордер 4) складское свидетельство 5) купон (акции, облигации) -
71 War.
1. WarwickshireУорвикшир ( графство в Англии)2. warrant1) полномочие 2) удостоверение 3) ордер 4) складское свидетельство 5) купон (акции, облигации)
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См. также в других словарях:
Warwickshire — Warwickshire … Wikipedia
Warwickshire — Geografie Status: Zeremonielle und Verwaltungsgrafschaft Region: West Midlands Fläche: 1.975 km² … Deutsch Wikipedia
Warwickshire — Geografía Status: Condado Conmemorativo Administrativo Región: West Midlands Área: Total Admin. del ayuntamiento Puesto 31º 1,975 km² Puesto 28º Sede a … Wikipedia Español
Warwickshire — es un condado en el centro Inglaterra, su capital es Warwick. La forma del actual condado difiere considerablemente de lo que fue históricamente. Las abreviaturas comúnmente utilizadas para nombra el condado son Warks o Warwicks. Entre los… … Enciclopedia Universal
Warwickshire — (spr. ŭarrickschĭr), engl. Grafschaft, zwischen den Grafschaften Stafford, Leicester, Northampton, Oxford, Gloucester und Worcester gelegen, umfaßt 2337 qkm (42,4 QM.) mit (1901) 897,835 Einw. (384 auf 1 qkm), als Verwaltungsbezirk (nach… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Warwickshire — [ wɔrɪkʃɪə], County in Mittelengland, 1 981 km2, 498 700 Einwohner; Verwaltungssitz ist Warwick. Überwiegend von Tiefland beiderseits des Avon eingenommen, im Süden von den Cotswold Hills begrenzt; bildet einen Teil des Grüngürtels um die… … Universal-Lexikon
Warwickshire — 11c., from O.E. Wærincwicum + scir district. The first element means dwellings by the weir or river dam, from *wæring + wic (see WICK (Cf. wick) (2)) … Etymology dictionary
Warwickshire — [wôr′ik shir΄, wôr′ikshər; wär′ik shir΄] county in central England: 764 sq mi (1,979 sq km); pop. 484,000 … English World dictionary
Warwickshire — 52°18′N 1°34′W / 52.3, 1.567 … Wikipédia en Français
Warwickshire — /wawr ik shear , sheuhr, wor /, n. a county in central England. 471,800; 765 sq. mi. (1980 sq. km). Also called Warwick. * * * Administrative (pop., 2001: 505,885) and historic county, central England. As an administrative and geographic unit,… … Universalium
warwickshire — adjective or warwick ˈwȯr]ikˌshi(ə)r, ˈwär], ]ēk , shiə, shə(r), US also ˈwȯ(r)w] Usage: usually capitalized Etymology: from Warwickshire, Warwick, county of central England : of or from the county of Warwick, England : of the kind or style… … Useful english dictionary
