-
101 Peau De Peche
A French silk and cotton pile fabric woven with cotton warp and silk weft. Finished to give a slight rough face. -
102 Peau De Singe
A French fabric made with plain or figured pile with schappe warp and cotton weft. The face has a slightly rough nap and satin back. -
103 Peluche Argent
French-made velvet, silk warp, with two picks of silk to one of silver thread. A silver chenille is inserted after every 10 picks to give the pile effect. -
104 Peluche Duvet
French plush, made of silk warp and cotton weft for the ground, the pile being of swandsdown. -
105 Peluche Long Foil
French-made plush from silk warp and schappe weft, woven with extra long pile. -
106 Ras De Saint Maur
A French serge of silk warp and silk, cotton or wool weft, dyed black and used for mourning garments; it had a taffeta back. This cloth is now known as Radsimir. Made during the 18th century. A silk velvet made with four rows of weft pile alternating with four picks of gold, or silver, or fancy core yarn and ordinary weft. Made at Tours and Lyons in the 18th century. -
107 Sarabend Rugs
Persian hand-made rugs with cotton warp and weft ground and short wool pile tied in Senna knot. The design is always the " Pear " in all-over effects, with elaborate borders of seven or more stripes. The weft crosses twice beneath each row of tufts. They are frequently made as runners, viz., in long narrow stripes. Colours are reds and blues. -
108 Satin Hermine
An all-silk ribbon, made with a taffeta back. The warp face was woven on 40 shafts and the back on 4 shafts. Made of single yarn for the first time about 1835 at St. Etienne, and so named because of its fancied resemblance to laid pile, or the fur of the ermine. -
109 Satranji
Large-sized cotton matting for floor covering. They are made in India from coarse native yarns in blue and white stripes, hand woven, using short horizontal warps, each warp forming one mat. Hemp, jute and aloe fibre yarns are also used as weft. " Satrangi " is the native word in India for carpet, and formerly wool and pile carpets, some of which were ornamented with gold and silver, had this term. -
110 Silk Beaver
A fabric intended to imitate the fur of the beaver. It is a velvet cloth, cotton warp and silk weft. The pile is very close. Dyed a rich brown. -
111 Sindh Carpet
A carpet made in Sindh, India, from coarse cotton warp and hemp weft and usually cowhair pile or knots. They are the cheapest, coarsest and least durable of Indian carpets. Formerly they were of high-class make both in material, design and colour, but have greatly deteriorated. The patterns are bold. -
112 Tabriz Rugs
Large size Persian rugs with cotton warp and short very close wool pile tied in Ghiordes knot. The favourite design is a large centre medallion with curved outlines and fine floral and animal designs. The borders are in small medallions with inscriptions. Wool weft either undyed or dyed pink, crosses twice between each row of tufts. -
113 Tapestry Carpets
Power loom woven carpets with uncut looped pile. They are lighter and cheaper than Brussels carpets because there is only one figuring warp and that is printed in colours before weaving. Tapestry carpets can be woven with tappets. Strong, coarse yarns are usual, from 2/10's to 2/16's or 2/20's. -
114 Tchetchen Rugs
Eastern hand-made rugs made with white wool warp and the ground weft and pile of a strong fibred wool. The tufts tied in Ghiordes knot average 6 to 10 along the line per inch. -
115 Turkish Knot
Knot used in rug making. It is formed by a short length of pile yarn being knotted around a warp thread. -
116 Velours Chiffon
Fine quality velvet made with silk yarns for all the warp and cotton weft. The silk pile is close cut. -
117 Velours Contre-Semple
French velvets made by having only parts of the pile warp raised over the rod.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Velours Contre-Semple
-
118 Velours Ras D'angleterre
French uncut velvet made 20-in. to 22-in. wide not including selvedges. The warp had 4,000 ends of two-fold organzine. Two wefts formed the foundation, and the uncut pile formed ribs from selvedge to selvedge similar to the gros-grain. One weft was two-fold tram for ground, and the other was a 20 to 30 ply tram to form the ribs. There were four ends to each heald and the weave was on four shafts.Dictionary of the English textile terms > Velours Ras D'angleterre
-
119 Waterfall
A silk fabric having the lustre of velvet and consisting of a thin, slightly open foundation ribbed with velvet pile, so woven as to form stripes about 1/8-in. wide and to show warp threads between. It drapes beautifully and is used for evening wraps, scarfs and millinery. -
120 Skinner, Halcyon
[br]b. 6 March 1824 Mantua, Ohio, USAd. 28 November 1900 USA[br]American inventor of a machine for making Royal Axminster and other carpets.[br]Halcyon was the son of Joseph and Susan Skinner. When he was 8 years old, his parents moved to Stockbridge in Massachusetts, where he obtained education locally and worked on farms. In 1838 his father moved to West Farms, New York, where Halcyon helped his father make violins and guitars for seven years. He then worked as a general carpenter for eight years until he was hired in 1849 by Alexander Smith, a carpet manufacturer. Skinner designed and constructed a hand loom that could weave figured instead of striped carpets, and by 1851 Smith had one hundred of these at work. Skinner was retained by Smith for forty years as a mechanical expert and adviser.Weaving carpets by power started in the 1850s on enormous and complex machines. Axminster carpets had traditionally been produced in a similar way to those made by hand in Persia, with the tufts of woollen yarn being knotted around vertical warp threads. To mechanize this process proved very difficult, but Skinner patented a loom in 1856 to weave Axminster carpets although, it was not working successfully until 1860. Then in 1864 he developed a loom for weaving ingrain carpets, and c. 1870 he altered some imported English looms for weaving tapestry carpets to double their output.His most important invention was conceived in 1876 and patented on 16 January 1877. This was the Moquette or Royal Axminster loom, which marked yet another important step forward and enabled the use of an unlimited number of colours in carpet designs. This type of loom became known as the Spool Axminster because of the endless chain of spools carrying lengths of coloured yarns, wound in a predetermined order, from which short pieces could be cut and inserted as the tufts. It put Smith's company, Alexander Smith \& Sons, Yonkers, New York, in the lead among American carpet manufacturers. This type of loom was introduced to Britain in 1878 by Tomkinson \& Adam and spread rapidly. Skinner virtually retired in 1889 but continued to live in Yonkers.[br]Further ReadingBiography, American Machinist 23.Dictionary of American Biography, Vol. XVII.G.Robinson, 1966, Carpets, London (for the history and techniques of carpet weaving).A.Barlow, 1878, The History and Principles of Weaving by Hand and by Power, London (includes a section on pile weaving which covers some types of carpets).RLH
См. также в других словарях:
warp-pile — ˈ ̷ ̷ˌ ̷ ̷ adjective of a fabric : having a pile formed by extra warp threads … Useful english dictionary
Pile weave — is a form of textile created by weaving. Pile fabrics used to be made on traditional hand weaving machines. The warp ends that are used for the formation of the pile are woven over metal rods or wires that are inserted in the shed (gap caused by… … Wikipedia
warp — [wôrp] n. [ME < OE wearp < base of weorpan, to throw, akin to Ger werfen < IE * werb < base * wer , to turn, bend > WORM] 1. a) a distortion, as a twist or bend, in wood or in an object made of wood, caused by contraction in drying … English World dictionary
pile — pile1 /puyl/, n., v., piled, piling. n. 1. an assemblage of things laid or lying one upon the other: a pile of papers; a pile of bricks. 2. Informal. a large number, quantity, or amount of anything: a pile of work. 3. a heap of wood on which a… … Universalium
textile — /teks tuyl, til/, n. 1. any cloth or goods produced by weaving, knitting, or felting. 2. a material, as a fiber or yarn, used in or suitable for weaving: Glass can be used as a textile. adj. 3. woven or capable of being woven: textile fabrics. 4 … Universalium
velvet — I. noun Etymology: Middle English veluet, velvet, from Anglo French, from velu shaggy, soft, velvety, from Vulgar Latin *villutus, from Latin villus shaggy hair; akin to Latin vellus fleece more at wool Date: 14th century 1. a clothing and… … New Collegiate Dictionary
Transfert de couche 2 — Pile de protocoles 7. Application 6. Présentation 5. Session 4. T … Wikipédia en Français
floor covering — Finish material on floors, including wood strips, parquet, linoleum, vinyl, asphalt tile, rubber, cork, epoxy resins, ceramic tile, and carpeting. Wood strip flooring, attached to a subfloor of plywood, is most popular, especially for residences … Universalium
Glossary of textile manufacturing — For terms specifically related to sewing, see Glossary of sewing terms. For terms specifically related to dyeing, see Glossary of dyeing terms. The manufacture of textiles is one of the oldest of human technologies. To make textiles, the first… … Wikipedia
Textile manufacturing terminology — The manufacture of textiles is one of the oldest of human technologies. In order to make textiles, the first requirement is a source of fibre from which a yarn can be made, primarily by spinning. (Both fibre and fiber are used in this article.)… … Wikipedia
rug and carpet — Any decorative textile normally made of a thick material and intended as a floor covering. Floor coverings made of plaited rushes date from the 5th or 4th millennium BC. Carpets were first made in central and western Asia as coverings for earthen … Universalium
