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1 vindiciae
vindĭcĭae, ārum (in sing. vindĭ-cĭa, ae, XII. Tab. ap. Fest. p. 376 Müll.; cf. Serv. Sulp. ib. and Gell. 20, 10, 8), f. [vindico], a laying claim to a thing before the praetor by both contending parties (hence in plur.); a legal claim made in respect to a thing, whether as one's own property, or for its restoration to a free condition:vindiciae appellantur res eae, de quibus controversia... Ser. Sulpicius (vocabulo) jam singulariter formato vindiciam ait esse, quā de re controversia est, ab eo quod vindicatur,
Fest. p. 376 Müll.:vindicia, id est correptio manūs in re atque in loco praesenti apud Praetorem ex duodecim tabulis fiebat,
Gell. 20, 10, 8: SI VINDICIAM FALSAM TVLIT REI SIVE LITIS, i. e. has falsely obtained possession of the thing claimed, XII. Tab. ap. Fest. p. 376 Müll.:aut pro praede litis vindiciarum cum satis accepisset, sponsionem faceret,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 45, § 115:injustis vindiciis ac sacramentis alienos fundos petere,
id. Mil. 27, 74:vindicias ab libertate in servitutem dare,
to sentence a free person to slavery, Liv. 3, 56, 4; 3, 57, 5; cf. Weissenb. ad Liv. 3, 44, 5;for which: quo (ore) vindiciae nuper ab libertate dictae erant,
Liv. 3, 57, 6:praetores secundum populum vindicias dicunt, Cato ap. Fest. l. l.: decrēsse vindicias secundum servitutem,
Liv. 3, 47, 5:M. Claudio clienti negotium dedit, ut virginem in servitutem assereret neque cederet secundum libertatem postulantibus vindicias,
i. e. to those who demanded her liberation, her liberty, id. 3, 44, 5; cf., of the praetor: lege ab ipso lata vindicias det secundum libertatem,
id. 3, 44, 12 Weissenb. ad loc.:cum decemviri Romae sine provocatione fuerunt, tertio illo anno, cum vindicias amisisset ipsa libertas,
Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44. -
2 vindiciae
vindiciae ārum, f [vindex], the assertion of a right, a laying claim, legal claim, formal demand: iniustis vindiciis fundos petere: pro praede litis vindiciarum satis accipere, i. e. security for the value of the property and for all claims growing out of it.—A declaration of right, judgment, decree: ab libertate in servitutem vindicias dare, i. e. to sentence a free person to slavery, L.: virginem cedere postulantibus vindicias, to those who demanded her freedom, L.: cum vindicias amisisset ipsa libertas. -
3 vindicia
interim possession (pl.) (of disputed property) -
4 arbiter
arbĭter, tri, m. [ar = ad (v. ad init.) and bito = eo], orig., one that goes to something in order to see or hear it; hence, a spectator, beholder, hearer, an eye-witness, a witness (class. through all periods; used several times by Plaut., but only twice by Ter.; syn.: testis, speculator, conscius).I.In gen.:II.aequi et justi hic eritis omnes arbitri,
Plaut. Am. prol. 16:mi quidem jam arbitri vicini sunt, meae quid fiat domi, Ita per impluvium introspectant,
id. Mil. 2, 2, 3:ne arbitri dicta nostra arbitrari (i. e. speculari, v. arbitror) queant,
id. Capt. 2, 1, 28; so id. ib. 2, 1, 34; id. Cas. 1, 1, 2; 1, 1, 55; id. Mil. 4, 4, 1; id. Merc. 5, 4, 46; id. Poen. 1, 1, 50; 3, 3, 50; id. Trin. 1, 2, 109:aut desine aut cedo quemvis arbitrum,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 43:quis est decisionis arbiter?
Cic. Fl. 36:ab arbitris remoto loco,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 31:remotis arbitris,
after the removal of, id. Off. 3, 31, 112:omnibus arbitris procul amotis,
Sall. C. 20, 1 Corte:arbitros eicit,
Liv. 1, 41:remotis arbitris,
id. 2, 4:sine arbitro,
id. 27, 28:absque arbitris,
Vulg. Gen. 39, 11:loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,
Cic. Att. 15, 16 B; Just. 21, 4:secretorum omnium arbiter, i. e. conscius,
Curt. 3, 12, 9:procul est, ait, arbiter omnis,
Ov. M. 2, 458 (cf. id. ib. 4, 63: conscius omnis abest).—Esp.A.In judic. lang., t. t., prop., he that is appointed to inquire into a cause (cf. adire hiberna, Tac. H. 1, 52, and intervenio) and settle it; hence, an umpire, arbiter, a judge, in an actio bonae fidei (i. e. who decides acc. to equity, while the judex decides acc. to laws), Sen. Ben. 3, 7 (cf. Zimmern, Rechtsgesch. 3 B, § 8; 3 B, § 42; 3 B, § 60 sq., and the jurists there cited).— So in the fragments of the Twelve Tables: JVDICI. ARBITROVE. REOVE. DIES. DIFFISVS. ESTO., ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. reus, p. 227 Müll.: Prae TOR. ARBITROS. TRES. DATO. ap. Fest. s. v. vindiciae, p. 376 Müll., and the ancient judicial formula:B.P. J. A. V. P. V. D., i. e. PRAETOREM JVDICEM ARBITRVMVE POSTVLO VTI DET,
Val. Prob. p. 1539 P.:ibo ad arbitrum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 101; so id. ib. 4, 3, 104:Vicini nostri hic ambigunt de finibus: Me cepere arbitrum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 90 (arbiter dabatur his, qui de finibus regendis ambigerent, Don.); so,arbiter Nolanis de finibus a senatu datus,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33.—Of the Hebrew judges:subjacebit damno, quantum arbitri judicaverint,
Vulg. Exod. 21, 22.—Hence, trop.:Taurus immensus ipse et innumerarum gentium arbiter,
that sets boundaries to numerous tribes, Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 97:arbitrum familiae herciscundae postulavit,
Cic. Caecin. 7: arbitrum illum adegit (i. e. ad arbitrum illum egit; cf.adigo),
id. Off. 3, 16, 66:quis in hanc rem fuit arbiter?
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12.—In the time of Cicero, when, acc. to the Lex Aebutia, the decisions were given in definite formulae of the praetor, the formal distinction between judex and arbiter disappeared, Cic. Mur. 12 fin. —Transf. from the sphere of judicial proceedings, a judge, an arbitrator, umpire, in gen.: arbiter inter antiquam Academiam et Zenonem. Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:C.Judicet Dominus, arbiter hujus diei, inter etc.,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—So of Paris:arbiter formae,
Ov. H. 16, 69: pugnae, the judge, umpire of the contest, ho brabeutês, Hor. C. 3, 20, 11:favor arbiter coronae,
which adjudged the prize of victory, Mart. 7, 72, 10.—He that rules over, governs, or manages something, a lord, ruler, master (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; syn.: rex, dominus): arbiter imperii (Augustus), Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 47:armorum (Mars),
id. F. 3, 73:bibendi,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 25 (cf. id. ib. 1, 4, 18: nec regna vini sortiere talis, and in Gr. basileus tou sumposiou):quo (sc. Noto) non arbiter Hadriae Major,
who rules over the sea, id. ib. 1, 3, 15:arbiter Eurystheus irae Junonis iniquae,
i. e. the executor, fulfiller of her wrath, Ov. H. 9, 45 al. —In prose, Tac. A. 1, 26:regni,
id. ib. 13, 14, where Halm reads arbitrium:rerum,
id. ib. 2, 73:di potentium populorum arbitri,
id. ib. 15, 24:(JOVI) RERVM RECTORI FATORVMQVE ARBITRO,
Inscr. Orell. 1269 et saep. -
5 duplio
dū̆plĭo, ōnis, m. [duplus], the double of any thing (very rare), XII. Tab. ap. Fest. S. V. VINDICIAE, p. 376, 30 Müll.; Plin. 18, 3, 3, § 12; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 66, 13 Müll.—II. -
6 vindicia
vindĭcĭa, ae, v. vindiciae init.
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