uls

uls (archaist. ouls) u. ultis = ultra, jenseit (Ggstz. cis), ouls lucum Facutalem, Formul. sacr. Argeor. bei Varro LL. 5, 50: bes. in der Verbindung et uls Tiberim et cis Tiberim, Varro LL. 5, 83. Gell. 12, 13, 8: cis Tiberim et ultis Tiberim, Pompon. dig. 1, 2, 2. § 31.

1. ap-pello (ad-pello), āvī, ātum, āre (viell. zu got. spillōn, ahd. spëllōn, verkündigen, erzählen), jmd. od. etw. mit einem Tone, Laute gleichs. anrühren, anlassen, also antönen, I) mit Worten, ansprechen, anreden (freundlich od. ernsthaft), sich persönlich mit einer Ansprache an jmd. wenden, jmd. anreden u. begrüßen, 1) im allg.: paucis est quod (in betreff dessen) te volo de communi re appellare meā et tuā, Plaut.: num te appello? sprech ich denn mit dir? Plaut.: singulos appellare rogareque, Cic.: milites benigne, Sall.: legatos superbius, Cic.: alqm sic, Treb. Poll.: quaestorem appellat (begrüßt) dicitque, Sall. – dah. jmd. mit Nennung des Namens anreden, anrufen, mit u. ohne den Zusatz nomine od. nominatim, Caes. u.a.: so auch unum quemque nominans appellat, Sall. – 2) prägn., jmd. in der Absicht, daß er etwas bewillige od. tue, ansprechen, d.i. a) jmd. zu etwas Gutem od. Bösem auffordern, anregen, den Vorschlag machen, Anträge machen, jmd. um etw. angehen, ihm etw. vorschlagen, alqm, Cic. u.a.: alqm in alqa re, Liv. u.a.: alqm stupri causā, Val. Max.: alqm, ut etc., Nep., Liv. u.a. (s. die Auslgg. zu Nep. Att. 8, 3. Fabri Liv. 24, 5, 10). – b) in der Gerichtsspr., eine obrigkeitliche Person um Hilfe ansprechen, praetorem, Cic.: tribunos, Liv.: a praetore tribunos, Cic.: principem, Tac.: si quis appellavisset

————

de aestimatione et de solutionibus, quae per arbitrum fierent, Caes.: in eo (dabei, darüber) praetor appellatur, Cic. (vgl. Halm Cic. Verr. 4, 146). – in der Kaiserzt. an jmd. appellieren, ab alqo, Quint.: a od. ex sententia, ICt.: ad imperatorem, ICt. – übtr., sich auf etw. berufen, alqd, Cic. de legg. 1, 40. – c) jmd. mahnend angehen, um etw. (bes. um eine Geldschuld) mahnen, alqm de pecunia, Cic., u. bl. pecuniā, Quint.: alqm de sorte u. de usura, Val. Max.: debitorem in diem, Sen.: ad horam et diem, Sen.: creditores (Nom.) in solidum appellabant, kündigten das Kapital, Tac.: übtr., solum, den Erdboden mahnen, d.i. durch Kultur zur Fruchtbarkeit zwingen, Plin. – Spät. auch appellare alqd, um etw. mahnen, etw. fordern, mercedem, Iuven. 7, 158. – d) anklagend zur Rede stellen, cavendum est etiam, ne maior poena quam culpa sit, ne isdem de causis alii plectantur, alii ne appellentur quidem, Cic. de off. 1, 89. – e) anbetend anrufen, anbeten, alqo praecunte deos, Plin. ep. 10, 96 (97), 5. – f) schwörend anrufen, cur autem viri Castorem iurantes non appellaverint, non facile dictu est, Gell. 11, 6, 3. – II) mit Lauten: 1) aussprechen, litteras, Cic.: nomen, den N. nennen, Cic.: tres istae voces ›intra, citra, ultra‹... singularibus apud veteres syllabis appellabantur ›in, cis, uls‹, Gell.: sicut ›fetus‹ ipse et ›fecunditas‹ appellata, Gell. – 2) eine Person od. Sache mit irgend einem

————

ihr zukommenden Namen, Titel, Prädikat bezeichnen, ihr den Namen (Vater, König u. dgl.) beilegen, sie so u. so nennen, benennen, titulieren, jmd. erklären für od. als usw., alqm patrem, parentem, Ter., Liv. u.a.: alqm sapientem, Cic.: alqm victorem, Verg.: bes. alqm regem, jmdm. den Titel König beilegen, ihn zum Herrscher erklären, ausrufen, als König anerkennen, Cic. u.a. (s. Fabri Sall. Iug. 65, 2): u. alqam reginam, Sall. hist. fr. 4, 61 (19), 9. – m. Ang. wovon? durch ab od. ex od. de m. Abl., zB. a colendo colles, Varr. LL.: lictorem a ligando, Gell.: locupletes assiduos ab aere dando, Cic.: ab eius nomine Thessalia appellatur, Vell.: appellata est ex viro virtus, Cic.: Italia appellata de Graeco vocabulo, Gell. 11, 1, 1. – m. Ang. weswegen? durch propter od. ob m. Akk., Peripatetici philosophi olim propter eximiam rerum maximarum scientiam a Graecis politici philosophi appellati, Cic.: (Scipio) Africanus ob egregiam victoriam de Hannibale Poenisque appellatus, Liv. – Dah. nennen = namentlich anführen, erwähnen, quos idcirco non appello hoc loco, Cic.: quae (aedes) in lege non appellantur, Cic.: u. so app. auctores, angeben, Plin.: übtr., alqm nutu significationeque, kenntlich machen, Cic. ep. 1, 9, 20. – ⇒ arch. appellassis = appellaveris, Ter. Phorm. 742. – Plur. Imper. Pass. appellamino, Cic. de legg. 3, 8.

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2. ap-pello (ad-pello), pulī, pulsum, ere, heran-, hintreiben, -bewegen, -bringen, I) im allg.: A) eig.: alqm ad arbitrum, Plaut.: corpus ad templum, heranfliegen, Lucr.: armentum ad aquam, Varr.: turres ad opera Caesaris, Caes.: postquam paulo appulit unda (corpus), ein wenig herangetrieben, nahe gebracht, Ov. – B) übtr.: a) animum od. mentem ad alqd, den Geist, seinen Sinn auf etw. richten, animum ad scribendum, Ter., ad uxorem, Ter.: mentem ad philosophiam, Cic. – b) alqm ad alqd, jmd. in eine Lage bringen, zu etw. bringen, ad probrum, damnum, flagitium, Plaut.: ad mortem, Plaut. – II) insbes., als t. t. in der Schifferspr., irgendwo hintreiben, landen, a) tr.: α) navem u. dgl., zB. scaphas, Curt.: lintres, Tac.: contis navigia, Curt.: navem ad ripam, Cic.: classem ad Delum, Cic.: classem in insulam, Liv.: classem Emporias in urbem sociorum, Liv.: classem tuto, Liv.: navigia litori, Curt.: im Bilde, tamquam ad aliquem libidinis scopulum, sic tuam mentem ad philosophiam appulisti, hast dich der Ph. furchtsam, wie einer Klippe für deine Begierde (Lernbegierde), genähert, Cic.: nec tuas umquam rationes ad eos scopulos appulisses, ad quos etc., Cic. – β) poet., alqm: hinc me digressum vestris Deus appulit oris, Verg. – b) pass., appelli, u. zwar: α) v. Schiffe, navis appellitur ad villam, Cic.: classe ad Euboeam appulsā, Nep.:

————

classis Punica litori appulsa est, Liv.: appellitur navis Syracusas, Cic.: classis Romana cum appulsa Pompeios esset, Liv. – β) v. Seefahrern, alios ad Siciliam appulsos esse, Cic.: appelli ripae, Vell., litori, Tac.: Libyae litoribus, Pan. vet.: Partiz. subst., appulsi, die Gestrandeten, Gelandeten, Mela 1, 19, 10 (1. § 106). – c) refl. appellere: α) von Seefahrern, Regium onerariā nave, Suet.: in portum classe, Liv. – gew. bl. appellere, wie: hinc vel illinc, Tac.: huc, Hor.: ad eum locum, Caes.: ad insulam, Liv.: a transmarina peregrinatione ad litus idem, Quint.: hortantes, ut appelleret, Suet. – β) vom Schiffe, tres biremes appulere, Tac.: Alexandrina navis Dertosam appulit, Suet.: sola Germanici triremis Chaucorum terram appulit, Tac.

cis, Praep. m Acc. (verwandt mit is u. hic, mit vorgesetztem demonstrat. c), diesseit (Ggstz. ultra, trans), I) eig., im Raume: cis Ariminum, Cato fr.: cis Taurum, Cic.: et uls et cis Tiberim, Varr. LL.: cis Padum ultraque, Liv. – II) übtr., in der Zeit, innerhalb, binnen (vgl. Lorenz Plaut. most. 18), paucos cis menses, Plaut.: cis paucos dies, Sall. fr.: cis mensem decimum, Aur. Vict.

ouls, s. uls.

ultis, s. uls.

cis, prep. [pronom. stem ki-, whence -ce; Gr. e-kei; cf.: hic, sic, etc.] (far more rare than the kindr. citra), on this side (opp. uls, ultra, and trans; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, § 83 Müll.; Liv. 5, 35, 4; 5, 33, 9 al.); with acc.

In space.

With verb of motion (rare): eo die cis Tiberim redeundum est, Varr. ap. Non. p. 92, 11.—

With verb of rest: Oppius mons, terticeps cis lucum Exquilinum, Sacr. Argae. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 50 Müll.:

cis Tiberim redire,

Liv. 8, 14, 6:

Gallia cis Rhenum perdomita,

Sall. H. 1, 8 Dietsch; cf.:

quae cis Taurum sunt,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 4:

cis Euphratem,

id. Att. 7, 2, 6:

Germanos, qui cis Rhenum incolunt,

Caes. B. G. 2, 3: hic primus cis Anienem cum rege Veientium conflixit. Liv. 4, 17, 18:

cis Taurum montem usque ad Halyn amnem,

id. 38, 38, 4:

cis Padum ultraque,

id. 5, 35, 4; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 32.—

In time, within (only in Plaut. and post-class. writers;

in the former always in connection with pauci): cis dies paucos,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 27:

paucos cis mensīs,

id. Merc. 1, 2, 42 Lorenz ad loc.:

cis paucas tempestates,

id. Most. 1, 1, 17:

cis pauculos dies,

Mamert. Grat. Act. Jul. 15:

cis mensem decimum,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 42, 1.—

Acc. to Priscian, also in other designations of limits = intra:

cis naturae leges, ut ultra naturae leges,

Prisc. p. 987 P.;

but the only passage cited for this meaning is: veniam petens, quod ei cis Vettios, Plautios dissimulavisset,

Tac. A. 11, 30 Ritter (Halm: ei Titios, Vettios; al. aliter), a very corrupt passage.

ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.

Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:

quis est ulterior?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:

quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,

i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

Gallia,

id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

portus,

id. ib. 4, 23:

Hispania,

Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:

pars urbis,

Liv. 34, 20, 5:

ripa,

Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:

ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,

Ov. M. 2, 417.—

As subst.

ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:

cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;

ulteriores non inventi,

Liv. 3, 60, 7:

proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,

Tac. G. 17.—

ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).

Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:

Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,

Tac. H. 4, 77.—

In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:

ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 8:

ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,

things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:

pudor est ulteriora loqui,

Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:

semper et inventis ulteriora petit,

id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—

Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:

cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,

Quint. 1, 6, 26.—

Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).

Lit., of space:

illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

partes,

id. ib. 6, 20, 20:

in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,

id. Att. 5, 16, 4:

devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,

Liv. 21, 10, 12:

orae,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:

campi,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:

Hesperia,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:

Africa,

id. ib. 2, 18, 4:

Geloni,

id. ib. 2, 20, 18:

in plateā ultimā,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:

in ultimis aedibus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:

spelunca draconis,

Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

cauda,

i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:

mors ultima linea rerum est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—

Subst.

ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:

recessum primis ultimi non dabant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—

ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:

praeponens ultima primis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:

ultima signant,

the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—

Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:

caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—

Transf.

Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:

ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

tempora,

id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:

initium,

Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:

principium,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:

memoria pueritiae,

id. Arch. 1, 1:

memoria saeculorum,

Just. 12, 16, 3:

vetustas hominum,

id. 2, 1, 20:

sanguinis auctor,

Verg. A. 7, 49:

ultima quid referam?

Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:

aetas est de ferro,

id. ib. 1, 127:

vox,

id. ib. 3, 499:

dicta,

id. ib. 9, 126:

lapis,

i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:

aetas,

Quint. 12, 4, 2:

senectus,

id. 11, 1, 10:

virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,

Liv. 4, 28, 5:

decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:

perferto et ultima exspectato,

final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

ultima vitae,

Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:

matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,

Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:

si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,

to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:

si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,

Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:

ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,

id. 26, 27, 10; so,

ultimo,

Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;

and, ultimum,

for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—

Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.

The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:

summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,

Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:

ultimae perfectaeque naturae,

id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:

ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,

Quint. 2, 2, 15:

ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:

scelus,

Curt. 5, 12, 17:

rex ad ultimum periculum venit,

id. 7, 6, 22:

facinus,

id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:

necessitas,

id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:

ad ultimam inopiam adducere,

Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:

ad ultimos casus servari,

id. 27, 10, 11:

dedecus,

Curt. 9, 5, 11:

exsecrationes,

Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,

poena,

Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:

desperatio,

Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:

discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,

Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:

ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,

Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:

omnia ultima pati,

every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:

ultima pati,

Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:

ultima audere,

Liv. 3, 2, 11:

priusquam ultima experirentur,

id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:

paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,

Vell. 2, 125, 2:

ad ultimum inopiae adducere,

to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:

ad ultimum periculi pervenire,

Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:

ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:

ad ultimum pro fide morituri,

Curt. 3, 1, 7:

consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,

in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—

The lowest, meanest (very rare):

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

Vell. 1, 11, 1:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:

ultima pistoris illa uxor,

the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:

ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),

Liv. 34, 18, 5:

in ultimis laudum,

id. 30, 30, 4:

in ultimis ponere,

the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.

ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.

Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:

quis est ulterior?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:

quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,

i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

Gallia,

id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

portus,

id. ib. 4, 23:

Hispania,

Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:

pars urbis,

Liv. 34, 20, 5:

ripa,

Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:

ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,

Ov. M. 2, 417.—

As subst.

ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:

cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;

ulteriores non inventi,

Liv. 3, 60, 7:

proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,

Tac. G. 17.—

ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).

Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:

Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,

Tac. H. 4, 77.—

In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:

ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 8:

ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,

things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:

pudor est ulteriora loqui,

Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:

semper et inventis ulteriora petit,

id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—

Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:

cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,

Quint. 1, 6, 26.—

Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).

Lit., of space:

illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

partes,

id. ib. 6, 20, 20:

in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,

id. Att. 5, 16, 4:

devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,

Liv. 21, 10, 12:

orae,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:

campi,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:

Hesperia,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:

Africa,

id. ib. 2, 18, 4:

Geloni,

id. ib. 2, 20, 18:

in plateā ultimā,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:

in ultimis aedibus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:

spelunca draconis,

Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

cauda,

i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:

mors ultima linea rerum est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—

Subst.

ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:

recessum primis ultimi non dabant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—

ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:

praeponens ultima primis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:

ultima signant,

the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—

Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:

caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—

Transf.

Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:

ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

tempora,

id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:

initium,

Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:

principium,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:

memoria pueritiae,

id. Arch. 1, 1:

memoria saeculorum,

Just. 12, 16, 3:

vetustas hominum,

id. 2, 1, 20:

sanguinis auctor,

Verg. A. 7, 49:

ultima quid referam?

Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:

aetas est de ferro,

id. ib. 1, 127:

vox,

id. ib. 3, 499:

dicta,

id. ib. 9, 126:

lapis,

i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:

aetas,

Quint. 12, 4, 2:

senectus,

id. 11, 1, 10:

virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,

Liv. 4, 28, 5:

decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:

perferto et ultima exspectato,

final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

ultima vitae,

Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:

matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,

Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:

si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,

to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:

si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,

Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:

ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,

id. 26, 27, 10; so,

ultimo,

Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;

and, ultimum,

for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—

Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.

The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:

summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,

Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:

ultimae perfectaeque naturae,

id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:

ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,

Quint. 2, 2, 15:

ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:

scelus,

Curt. 5, 12, 17:

rex ad ultimum periculum venit,

id. 7, 6, 22:

facinus,

id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:

necessitas,

id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:

ad ultimam inopiam adducere,

Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:

ad ultimos casus servari,

id. 27, 10, 11:

dedecus,

Curt. 9, 5, 11:

exsecrationes,

Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,

poena,

Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:

desperatio,

Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:

discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,

Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:

ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,

Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:

omnia ultima pati,

every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:

ultima pati,

Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:

ultima audere,

Liv. 3, 2, 11:

priusquam ultima experirentur,

id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:

paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,

Vell. 2, 125, 2:

ad ultimum inopiae adducere,

to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:

ad ultimum periculi pervenire,

Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:

ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:

ad ultimum pro fide morituri,

Curt. 3, 1, 7:

consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,

in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—

The lowest, meanest (very rare):

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

Vell. 1, 11, 1:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:

ultima pistoris illa uxor,

the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:

ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),

Liv. 34, 18, 5:

in ultimis laudum,

id. 30, 30, 4:

in ultimis ponere,

the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.

ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.

Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:

quis est ulterior?

Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:

quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,

i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:

Gallia,

id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

portus,

id. ib. 4, 23:

Hispania,

Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:

pars urbis,

Liv. 34, 20, 5:

ripa,

Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:

ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,

Ov. M. 2, 417.—

As subst.

ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:

cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;

ulteriores non inventi,

Liv. 3, 60, 7:

proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,

Tac. G. 17.—

ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).

Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:

Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,

Tac. H. 4, 77.—

In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:

ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,

Tac. H. 4, 8:

ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,

things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:

pudor est ulteriora loqui,

Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:

semper et inventis ulteriora petit,

id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—

Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:

cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,

Quint. 1, 6, 26.—

Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).

Lit., of space:

illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,

Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:

partes,

id. ib. 6, 20, 20:

in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,

id. Att. 5, 16, 4:

devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,

Liv. 21, 10, 12:

orae,

Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:

campi,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:

Hesperia,

Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:

Africa,

id. ib. 2, 18, 4:

Geloni,

id. ib. 2, 20, 18:

in plateā ultimā,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:

in ultimis aedibus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:

spelunca draconis,

Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

cauda,

i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:

mors ultima linea rerum est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—

Subst.

ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:

recessum primis ultimi non dabant,

Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—

ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:

praeponens ultima primis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:

ultima signant,

the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—

Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:

caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,

Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—

Transf.

Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:

ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:

tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,

id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

tempora,

id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:

initium,

Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:

principium,

Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:

memoria pueritiae,

id. Arch. 1, 1:

memoria saeculorum,

Just. 12, 16, 3:

vetustas hominum,

id. 2, 1, 20:

sanguinis auctor,

Verg. A. 7, 49:

ultima quid referam?

Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:

aetas est de ferro,

id. ib. 1, 127:

vox,

id. ib. 3, 499:

dicta,

id. ib. 9, 126:

lapis,

i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:

aetas,

Quint. 12, 4, 2:

senectus,

id. 11, 1, 10:

virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,

Liv. 4, 28, 5:

decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:

perferto et ultima exspectato,

final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:

ultima vitae,

Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:

matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,

Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:

si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,

to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:

si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,

Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:

ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,

id. 26, 27, 10; so,

ultimo,

Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;

and, ultimum,

for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—

Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.

The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:

summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,

Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:

ultimae perfectaeque naturae,

id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:

ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,

Quint. 2, 2, 15:

ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,

Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:

scelus,

Curt. 5, 12, 17:

rex ad ultimum periculum venit,

id. 7, 6, 22:

facinus,

id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:

necessitas,

id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:

ad ultimam inopiam adducere,

Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:

ad ultimos casus servari,

id. 27, 10, 11:

dedecus,

Curt. 9, 5, 11:

exsecrationes,

Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,

poena,

Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:

desperatio,

Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:

discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,

Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:

ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,

Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:

omnia ultima pati,

every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:

ultima pati,

Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:

ultima audere,

Liv. 3, 2, 11:

priusquam ultima experirentur,

id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:

paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,

Vell. 2, 125, 2:

ad ultimum inopiae adducere,

to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:

ad ultimum periculi pervenire,

Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:

ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:

ad ultimum pro fide morituri,

Curt. 3, 1, 7:

consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,

in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—

The lowest, meanest (very rare):

qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,

Vell. 1, 11, 1:

principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:

ultima pistoris illa uxor,

the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:

ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),

Liv. 34, 18, 5:

in ultimis laudum,

id. 30, 30, 4:

in ultimis ponere,

the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91.