-
41 -illo
you two, abandoned promoninal ending for the polite 2nd person dual; in later sources the relevant ending is rather -stë VT49:48. This -illo was changed from -llo. Compare -ilco. -
42 caista
"k", fraction "one tenth" 1/10, also cast, an unusual Quenya form since the language does not normally tolerate two consonants finally VT48:11. Compound caistanótië "k" "decimal system" in counting ibid. However, Tolkien later rejected the root KAYAN "ten" in favour of KWAYAM, changing the cardinal "ten" from cainen to quain, quëan VT48:13. Apparently we must therefore read *quaista as the new fraction "one tenth". -
43 esto
emphatic pronoun ?, apparently 3rd person dual, *even the two of them VT49:48. The word comes from a conceptual phase where Tolkien let dual pronouns end in the vowel -o, an idea that was apparently abandoned; also, -st- is associated with the second rather than the third person dual in later sources see -stë. The ending may have been conceived as *-sto at an earlier stage VT49:49. -
44 lairë
1 noun "summer" Letters:283, VT45:26, in the calendar of Imladris a precisely defined period of 72 days, but also used without any exact definition Appendix D. Oiolairë "Eversummer", name of a tree UT:167, see also Coron Oiolairë. Lairelossë noun *"Summer-snow", name of a tree UT:167, perhaps with white flowers. 2 noun "poem" GLIR 3 noun "meadow" LT1:267, GL:39 perhaps a doubtful word in LotR-style Quenya, since lairë already has to carry two other meanings -
45 -ngwë
we, 1st person dual inclusive pronominal ending: *thou and I compare the exclusive dual form -mmë. Caringwë, *the two of us do VT49:16. One source lists the ending as -inke -inque instead VT49:51, 53, 57; inke was apparently Old Quenya. In an earlier pronoun table reproduced in VT49:48, the ending -ngwë is listed as an alternative to -lmë, which Tolkien at the time used as the plural inclusive ending a later revision made it plural exclusive. -
46 atamaitë
adj. two-handed PE17:162 -
47 Aldëa
noun,what the Númenóreans called the fourth day of the Eldarin six-day week, dedicated to Telperion, the White Tree Appendix D. The day was originally called Aldúya, referring to both of the Two Trees, but Númenóreans altered the name to Aldëa presumably *aldajā, referring to one tree the White only. Appendix D Early "Qenya" also has an adjective aldëa "tree-shadowed" LT1:249. -
48 -ndë
1 noun ending; forming nouns from verbal stems in arcandë "petition" and ulundë "stream" q.v. and cf. VT44:8, feminine in Serindë "broideress" or "needle-woman" q.v.PE17:69 mentions -ndë as a common suffix denoting feminine agent. 2 pronominal suffix for dual you, as in carindë *you two do. Tolkien changed the ending to -stë VT49:33 -
49 omentië
noun "meeting" meeting or junction of the directions of two people WJ:367, *omentielva "our meeting", only attested in the genitive: omentielvo "of our meeting" discussed in VT48:11. See -lv-. Concerning the alternative reading omentielmo, see -lma. Omentienya *my meeting PE17:58. The form omentiemman appears in early material, with the ending -mma at the time plural inclusive our and the ending -n at the time the genitive ending RS:324, VT49:55 -
50 ontar
noun prob. *"begetter, parent" a gender-neutral term, applied to a woman in the source; compare the various gender-specific forms below VT44:7. Dual ontaru two parents see ontani above. -
51 ostimë
pl. ostimi is attested noun "blend", in linguistics a term for a kind of "strengthened" elements within a stem, where a single sound has been expanded into two different elements while maintaining a unitary effect and significance: such as s- being turned into st-, or m being strengthened to mb. VT39:9 -
52 nai
1 imperative verb "be it that", used with a verb usually in the future tense to express a wish. The translation "maybe" in Tolkien's rendering of Namárië is somewhat misleading; he used "be it that" in the interlinear translation in RGEO:67. Apparently this is na as the imperative "be!" with a suffix -i "that", cf. i \#3. It can be used with the future tense as an expression of wish VT49:39. Nai hiruvalyë Valimar! Nai elyë hiruva! *"May thou find Valimar. May even thou find it!" Nam, VT49:39. Nai tiruvantes "be it that they will guard it" "may they guard it" CO. Nai elen siluva parma-restalyanna *may a star shine upon your book-fair VT49:38, nai elen siluva lyenna *may a star shine upon you VT49:40, nai elen atta siluvat aurenna veryanwesto *may two stars shine upon the day of your wedding VT49:42-45, nai laurë lantuva parmastanna lúmissen tengwiesto may a golden light fall on your book at the times of your reading VT49:47. Nai may also be used with a present continuative verb if an ongoing situation is wished for: Nai Eru lye mánata God bless you VT49:39 or literally *be it that God is already blessing you. The phrase nai amanya onnalya *be it that your child will be blessed omits any copula; Tolkien noted that imperative of wishes precedes adj. VT49:41. VT49:28 has the form nái for let it be that; Patrick Wynne theorizes that nái is actually an etymological form underlying nai VT49:36 2 prefix ill, grievously, abominably PE17:151, cf. naiquet-. Earlier material also lists aninterjection nai "alas" NAY; this may be obsoleted by \# 1 above; Namárië uses ai! in a similar sense -
53 -ina
ending for what Tolkien called "general 'passive' participle" VT43:15; compare nótina counted, rácina broken, hastaina marred q.v.. The stem-vowel is usually lengthened when the ending is added to the stem of a primary verb as in the two first examples above, though the lengthening fails to occur or is not denoted in carina as the passive participle of car- make, do VT43:15. A shorter ending -na also occurs, e.g. nahtana slain VT49:24; the example hastaina marred would suggest that *nahtaina is equally possible. In the example aistana "blessed" VT43:30, -na may be preferred to -ina for euphonic reasons, to avoid creating a second diphthong ai where one already occurs in the previous syllable *aistaina. In PE17:68, the ending -ina is said to be aorist unmarked as regards time and aspect; the same source states that the shorter ending -na is no longer part of verbal conjugation, though it obviously survives in many words that are maybe now to be considered independent adjectives. See -na \#4. -
54 -twa
1 ending for dual possessive Plotz 2 an pronominal possessive ending mentioned in one chart of pronouns, apparently their referring to two persons VT49:16; this may be an ending used in colloquial Quenya rather than formal language it is listed together with the endings -ya his, her and -rya their, that are explicitly said to belong to colloquial Quenya VT49:16-17 -
55 ontani
form cited in the Etymologies as printed in LR, entry ONO: supposedly the pl. of ontaro, ontarë noun "parent" m. and. f. Comparison with the singulars indicate that the n of ontani should actually be r. Thus ontani could be a misreading for ontari SD:73, but according to VT46:7 the actual manuscript reading is ontaru, evidently a dual form referring to two parents. -
56 Silpion
a name of the Elder of the Two Trees of Valinor Telperion, the White Tree. Silm, SIL, SÍLIP, BAL, ROSsup1/sup, LR:385 In the pre-classical Tengwar system presupposed in the Etymologies, the name Silpion is also applied to tengwa \#29, which letter Tolkien would later call silmë instead. -
57 ve
1 prep. "as, like" Nam, RGEO:66, Markirya, MC:213, 214, VT27:20, 27, VT49:22; in Narqelion ve may mean either "in" or "as". Ve fírimor quetir *as mortals say VT49:10, ve senwa or senya as usual VT49:10. Followed by genitive, ve apparently expresses after the manner of: ve quenderinwë coaron k after the manner of bodies of Elven-kind PE17:174. Tolkien variously derived Quenya ve from older wē, bē or vai VT49:10, 32, PE17:189 2 pron. we, 1st person pl. inclusive corresponding to exclusive me, derived from an original stem-form we VT49:50, PE17:130. Variant vi, q.v. Stressed wé, later vé VT49:51. Dative *wéna véna, VT49:14. Dual wet, later *vet the two of us inclusive; cf. exclusive met VT49:51. Also compare the dative form ngwin or ngwen q.v., but this would apparently be *wen *ven according to Tolkiens later ideas. -
58 -ngo
we two, abandoned pronominal ending for the 1st person dual inclusive later revised by Tolkien to -ngwë/-nquë. An alternative form -lmo was also listed VT49:48. The ending -ngo was probably meant to represent older *-ngwo VT49:49. -
59 -lmo
we two, abandoned pronominal ending for the 1st person dual inclusive later revised by Tolkien to -ngwë. This -lmo was listed as an alternative to -ngo VT49:48. -
60 cucua
"k" noun "dove" KŪ; in the Etymologies as printed in LR, Tolkien's manuscript was misread as two distinct words **cu and **cua; see VT45:24. According to the same source, an ephemeral word for "dove" was indeed cua, but Tolkien changed it to cucua.
См. также в других словарях:
Two and a Half Men — Genre Sitcom Created by Chuck Lorre Lee Aronsohn … Wikipedia
Two-wheel tractor — in Italy (2008) Two wheel tractor or walking tractor are generic terms understood in the USA and in parts of Europe to represent a single axle tractor, which is a tractor with one axle, self powered and self propelled, which can pull and power… … Wikipedia
Two-factor authentication — (TFA, T FA or 2FA) is an approach to authentication which requires the presentation of two different kinds of evidence that someone is who they say they are. It is a part of the broader family of multi factor authentication, which is a defense in … Wikipedia
Two-Face — ist eine fiktive Figur an der der US amerikanische Unterhaltungskonzern Time Warner die Rechte hält. Der Charakter ist die Hauptfigur einer Reihe von Comicpublikationen im Programm des zu Time Warner gehörenden Verlages DC Comics und hat ferner… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Two Face — ist eine fiktive Figur im Besitz von Time Warner, die in Comics des US amerikanischen Verlages DC auftritt, insbesondere in jenen des Batman Segments des Verlages. Darüber hinaus hat der Charakter eine gewisse popkulturelle Bedeutung und… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Two — (t[=oo]), a. [OE. two, twa, properly fem. & neut., twei, twein, tweien, properly masc. (whence E. twain), AS. tw[=a], fem. & neut., tw[=e]gen, masc., t[=u], neut.; akin to OFries. tw[=e]ne, masc., tw[=a], fem. & neut., OS. tw[=e]ne, masc., tw[=a] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Two-photon excitation microscopy — is a fluorescence imaging technique that allows imaging of living tissue up to a very high depth, that is up to about one millimeter. Being a special variant of the multiphoton fluorescence microscope, it uses red shifted excitation light which… … Wikipedia
Two-body problem — Two bodies with similar mass orbiting around a common barycenter with elliptic orbits. In classical mechanics, the two body problem is to determine the motion of two point particles that interact only with each other. Common examples include a… … Wikipedia
Two-Gun Kid — (Matt Hawk / Matt Liebowicz) Art by Scott Kolins. Publication information Publisher Marvel Comics … Wikipedia
Two-toed sloth — Two toed sloths[1] Temporal range: 35–0 Ma … Wikipedia
Two-photon absorption — (TPA) is the simultaneous absorption of two photons of identical or different frequencies in order to excite a molecule from one state (usually the ground state) to a higher energy electronic state. The energy difference between the involved… … Wikipedia
