triumphalis

* * *

cŏrō̆na (in the ante-Aug. per. sometimes written chorona, acc. to Quint. 1, 5, 20; cf. the letter C), ae, f., = korônê, a garland, chaplet, wreath.

Lit., of natural or artificial flowers, etc. (very freq. used for personal adornment at festivals, when sacrificing, or as a gift for friends, etc., for ornamenting the images of the gods, edifices, victims, the dead, etc.), Lucr. 5, 1399; Lex XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5, § 7; Plaut. Men. 3, 1, 16; Cic. Fl. 31, 75; id. Leg. 2, 24, 60; Liv. 23, 11, 5; 38, 14, 5; Curt. 4, 2, 2; 4, 4, 5; Hor. C. 1, 26, 8; id. Ep. 2, 2, 96; Tac. A. 2, 57; 15, 12; 16, 4; id. H. 2, 55 et saep.:

coronas bibere,

i. e. to throw into the cup leaves plucked from the garlands, Plin. 21, 3, 9, § 12. Vid. the artt. sacerdotalis, funebris, sepulchralis, convivialis, nuptialis, natalitia, Etrusca, pactilis, plectilis, sutilis, tonsa or tonsilis, radiata, and pampinea.— Poet.:

perenni fronde corona,

i. e. immortal, poetic renown, Lucr. 1, 119.—As emblem of royalty, a crown:

regni corona = diadema,

Verg. A. 8, 505. —Concerning the different kinds of garlands or crowns given to soldiers as a prize of bravery (castrensis or vallaris, civica, muralis, navalis or rostrata, obsidionalis, triumphalis, oleagina, etc.), v. Gell. 5, 6; Dict. of Antiq.; and the artt. castrensis, civicus, muralis, etc.—

Esp.: corona fidei, the crown of martyrdom (eccl. Lat.), Cypr. Ep. 58; 60; Lact. Epit. 72, 23;

and corona alone,

Lact. 4, 25, 10; id. Mort. Pers. 16, 11.—

Sub coronā vendere, t. t. of the lang. of business, to sell captives as slaves (since they were crowned with chaplets; cf. Caelius Sabinus ap. Gell. 7, 4, 3;

and corono, I.),

Caes. B. G. 3, 16; Liv. 42, 63, 12; so,

sub coronā venire,

id. 9, 42, 8; 38, 29, 11; 41, 11, 8:

sub coronā venundari,

Tac. A. 13, 39; id. H. 1, 68:

sub coronā emere,

Varr. R. R. 2, 10, 4.—

As a constellation.

The northern crown (according to the fable, the crown of Ariadne transferred to heaven;

v. Ariadna),

Cic. Arat. 351 sq.; Caes. German. Arat. 71;

called Gnosia stella Coronae,

Verg. G. 1, 222:

Cressa Corona,

Ov. A. A. 1, 558:

Ariadnea Corona,

Manil. 5, 21; cf. also Ov. M. 8, 181; Plin. 18, 26, 60, § 224 al.—

The southern crown, Caes. German. Arat. 391.—

Meton., of objects in the form of a crown.

Most freq., a circle of men, an assembly, crowd, multitude (esp. of judicial assemblies), Cic. Fl. 28, 69; id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; id. Mil. 1, 1; id. Fin. 2, 22, 74; Quint. 12, 10, 74; Suet. Aug. 93 al.; Cat. 53, 1; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 53; Ov. M. 13, 1 al.—Hence,

Milit. t. t., the besiegers round a hostile place, the line of siege or circumvallation, Caes. B. G. 7, 72; Liv. 10, 43, 1; 23, 44, 3; Curt. 4, 6, 10 al.—Also, a circle of men for the defence of a place, Liv. 4, 19, 8.—

In arch., the cornice, Vitr. 5, 2; Plin. 36, 24, 59, § 183.—

In the agrimensores, an elevated ridge of land as a boundary line, Cato, R. R. 6, 3; Front. Col. 114 and 131 Goes.—

The hairy crown over the horse's hoof, Col. 6, 29, 3; Veg. Art. Vet. 1, 13, 1.—

Montium, a circular ridge of mountains, Plin. 6, 20, 23, [p. 472] § 73.—

The halo round the sun (for the Gr. halôs), Sen. Q. N. 1, 2, 1.

dĕcet, cuit, 2, v. impers. [Sanscr. dacas, fame; Gr. dokeô, to seem, think; Lat. decus, dignus]. It is seemly, comely, becoming,; it beseems, behooves, is fitting, suitable, proper (for syn. v. debeo init.):

decere quasi aptum esse consentaneumque tempori et personae,

Cic. Or. 22, 74; cf. also nunc quid aptum sit, hoc est, quid maxime deceat in oratione videamus, id. de Or. 3, 55, 210 (very freq. and class.; not in Caes.).—Constr., with nom. or inf. of the thing, and with acc.; less freq. with dat. of the pers.; sometimes absol.

With nom. rei

and acc. pers.: Ph. Quin me aspice et contempla, ut haec (sc. vestis) me decet. Sc. Virtute formae id evenit, te ut deceat, quicquid habeas, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 16 sq.; cf.:

quem decet muliebris ornatus, quem incessus psaltriae, Cic. Clod. fragm. 5, p. 105 ed. Beier: te toga picta decet,

Prop. 4, 4, 53 al.; Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 30; Quint. 8, 5, 28;

and nec habitus triumphalis feminas deceat,

id. 11, 1, 3; cf.:

omnis Aristippum color decuit,

Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 23:

intonsus crinis deum,

Tib. 1, 4, 38; cf.:

neglecta decet multas coma,

Ov. A. A. 3, 153; id. F. 2, 106 et saep.:

id maxime quemque decet, quod est cujusque maxime suum,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113:

quod omnes et semper et ubique decet,

Quint. 11, 1, 14:

non si quid Pholoen satis, Et te, Chlori, decet,

Hor. Od. 3, 15, 8 et saep.:

qui flexus deceat miserationem,

Quint. 1, 11, 12:

civitatem quis deceat status,

Hor. Od. 3, 29, 25 et saep.—In plur.:

quem tenues decuere togae nitidique capilli,

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 32:

te non citharae decent,

id. Od. 3, 15, 14:

alba decent Cererem: vestes Cerealibus albas Sumite,

Ov. F. 4, 619; id. M. 1, 457 et saep.:

nec velle experiri, quam se aliena deceant,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113; Quint. 6, 1, 25:

illa quoque diversa bonum virum decent,

id. 11, 1, 42 et saep.:

duo verba uni apposita ne versum quidem decuerint,

id. 8, 6, 43.—

Without acc. pers.:

nihil est difficilius quam quid deceat videre,

Cic. Or. 21, 70; cf.:

quid deceat et quid aptum sit personis,

id. Off. 1, 34 fin.:

casus singularis magis decuit,

Quint. 8, 3, 20; id. 11, 3, 161 et saep.:

idem fere in omni genere causarum et proderit et decebit,

id. 11, 1, 14; cf. id. 9, 4, 21.—In plur.:

ubi lepos, joci, risus, vinum, ebrietas decent,

Plaut. Ps. prol. 20:

cum magna pars est exhausta orationis, pene omnia decent,

Quint. 11, 3, 147; 150; id. 11, 1, 48 et saep. —

With dat.:

istuc facinus nostro generi non decet,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 188: certa est ratio quae deceat philosopho, Apul. Flor. 3, p. 355, 13; Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 34; cf. infra. —

With inf.

and acc. pers.:

non te mihi irasci decet,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 24:

hanc maculam nos decet effugere,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 31:

oratorem irasci minime decet,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 25; Quint. 12, 6, 3; Ov. M. 3, 265; so freq. with inf. pass.:

specimen naturae capi debet ex optima quaque natura,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 14, 32:

mortalin' decuit violari vulnere divum?

Verg. A. 12, 797; Ter. And. prol. 16. —

Without acc.:

injusta ab justis impetrare non decet,

Plaut. Am. prol. 35:

exemplis grandioribus decuit uti,

Cic. Div. 1, 20; Ov. M. 8, 27:

nunc decet caput impedire myrto: nunc et in umbrosis Fauno decet immolare lucis,

Hor. Od. 1, 4, 9 sq.; id. Ep. 1, 17, 2; Pers. 3, 27.—

With dat.:

decet tantae majestati eas servare leges, quibus, etc.,

Dig. 32, 1, 23:

ita uti liberali esse ingenio decet,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 89:

prima certe pensari decet populo utrum, etc.,

Liv. 34, 58, 8.

with acc. pers.:

ita ut vos decet,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 40; cf.:

facis, ut te decet,

Ter. Andr. 2, 5, 10; id. Heaut. 5, 5, 10:

ita uti fortes decet milites,

id. Eun. 4, 7, 44; cf.: id. Andr. 2, 6, 14:

illum decet,

Quint. 9, 4, 15 et saep.—

Without case:

eia haud sic decet,

Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 35; cf. id. Hec. 2, 2, 10:

fecisti ut decuerat,

id. ib. 4, 4, 66:

minus severe quam decuit,

Cic. Phil. 6, 1:

velata parte oris, quia sic decebat,

it was becoming, Tac. A. 13, 45:

nihil aliter ac deceat,

id. Att. 6, 3, 8: perge;

decet,

Verg. A. 12, 153 et saep.—

With dat.:

ita nobis decet,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 5; id. Heaut. 5, 2, 12:

locum editiorem quam victoribus decebat,

Sall. H. 1, 98 (Serv. Verg. A. 8, 127.)— Hence, dĕcens, entis, P. a. (freq. in Hor., Ov., and post-Aug. prose, esp. Quint.; not in Verg.; in Cic. once adverbially, and cf. decentia), seemly, becoming, decent, proper, fit:

amictus,

Ov. Pont. 2, 5, 52; cf.:

decentior amictus,

Quint. 11, 3, 156;

and sinus (togae) decentissimus,

id. 11, 3, 140:

ornatus,

id. 2, 15, 21:

motus,

Hor. Od. 4, 13, 17; Quint. 1, 10, 26; cf.:

corporis decens et accommodatus orationi motus,

id. 11, 3, 29;

and allevatio atque contractio humerorum,

id. 11, 3, 83:

decentissimum sponsalium genus,

Sen. Ben. 1, 9 et saep.:

quid verum atque decens,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 11:

decentius erit servare pudorem,

Quint. 11, 1, 78; cf. 8, 6, 6.—

Esp. of corporeal fitness and symmetry, regularly, symmetrically, handsomely shaped; well-formed; noble:

forma,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 9; cf.:

habitus decentior quam sublimior,

Tac. Agr. 44:

facies,

Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 33:

malae,

Hor. Od. 3, 27, 53:

Venus,

id. ib. 1, 18, 6; cf.:

Cynthia,

Prop. 4, 8, 52 (5, 8, 52 M.):

Gratiae,

Hor. Od. 1, 4, 6:

(Paullus) et nobilis et decens,

id. ib. 4, 1, 13: pulcher et decens toto corpore, Suct. Dom. 18; cf. Juv. 6, 161:

sumptis decentior armis Minerva,

Ov. H. 5, 35; Quint. 8, 3, 10 et saep.— Adv.: decenter (acc. to no. 1), becomingly, decently, properly, fitly:

fictis nominibus decenter uti,

Plin. Ep. 6, 21, 5; cf.:

fieri,

Quint. 11, 1, 79:

singula quaeque locum teneant sortita decenter,

Hor. A. P. 92; cf.:

maesta,

Ov. Am. 2, 5, 44.— Comp.: Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 216; Quint. 9, 1, 21 al.— Sup., a false reading for diligentissime, Cic. Caes. 26, 74.

hăbĭtus, a, um, Part. and P. a., from habeo, q. v. fin.

hăbĭtus, ūs, m. [1. habitus, P. a., from habeo], the condition or state of a thing (class.).

Lit.

In gen., condition, plight, habit, deportment, appearance of the body (in sing. and plur.):

cum ille vir (Q. Metellus) integerrima aetate, optimo habitu, maximis viribus eriperetur bonis omnibus,

Cic. Cael. 24, 59:

qui habitus et quae figura non procul abesse putatur a vitae periculo,

id. Brut. 91, 313; cf.:

qui non tam habitus corporis opimos quam gracilitates consectentur,

id. ib. 16, 64:

mediocris,

id. ib. 91, 316:

oris,

id. N. D. 1, 25, 99:

oris et vultus,

id. Fin. 3, 17, 56:

habitu corporis brevis fuit (Horatius), Suet. Vit. Hor.: corporum,

Tac. G. 4; cf.:

positio caeli corporibus habitum dedit,

id. Agr. 11:

adde vultum habitumque hominis,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 92:

moderati aequabilesque,

Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 36:

signa virginali habitu atque vestitu,

deportment, appearance, id. Verr. 2, 4, 3, § 5; cf.:

Himera in muliebrem figuram habitumque formata,

id. ib. 2, 2, 35, §

87: habitum vestitumque pristinum reducere,

Suet. Aug. 40:

vestitu calciatuque et cetero habitu,

id. Calig. 52:

idem habitus cunctis, tonsi rectique capilli, etc.,

Juv. 11, 149:

nudus agas... en habitum, quo, etc.,

id. 2, 72: diversus est ascendentium habitus et descendentium: qui per pronum eunt, resupinant corpora;

qui in arduum, incumbunt,

carriage, posture, Sen. Ep. 123 fin.:

cujus motum et habitum et incessum imitaretur,

Suet. Claud. 4: morbus est habitus cujusque corporis contra naturam, Cael. Sab. ap. Gell. 4, 2, 3:

puberem esse dicunt qui habitu corporis pubes apparet,

Ulp. Fragm. 11, 28; Gai. Inst. 1, 196.—

Of things, esp. of places (so perh. not till after the Aug. per.), condition, habit, appearance, etc.: (praedisccre) patrios cultusque habitusque locorum, Verg. G. 1, 52, cf.:

longe alius Italiae quam Indiae visus illi habitus esset,

Liv. 9, 17, 17:

maris,

Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 4:

domicilii,

Col. 9, 15, 8:

armorum,

Liv. 9, 36, 6:

pecuniarum,

id. 1, 42, 5:

temporum,

id. 10, 46, 2 et saep.:

urbs in habitum pulveris redacta,

Val. Max. 9, 3, ext. 3.—

In partic., dress, attire (not before the Aug. per.; esp. freq in Suet.; cf.:

vestis, vestitus): Punicus cultus habitusque suspectos legatos fecit Hannibalis,

Liv. 23, 34, 6:

Theopompus permutato cum uxore habitu e custodia, ut mulier, evasit,

Quint. 2, 17, 20; cf. id. 3, 7, 6:

Romano,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 54; cf.:

Graeco, Romano uti,

Suet. Aug. 98:

Gallico,

id. Caes. 58:

pastorum,

Liv. 9, 2, 2:

triumphalis,

Quint. 11, 1, 3; cf.

triumphantis,

Suet. Ner. 13:

lugentis,

id. Calig. 13:

scenico,

id. Ner. 38:

quadrigario,

id. Calig. 19:

suus,

Phaedr. 1, 3, 2:

segmenta et longos habitus et flammea sumit,

Juv. 2, 124; 3, 177; Tac. H. 1, 85 et saep.—

Trop.

In gen., quality, nature, character:

qui manet ut moneatur semper... servos is habitu hau probost,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 2:

justitia est habitus animi communi utilitate conservata suam cuique tribuens dignitatem,

Cic. Inv. 2, 53, 160:

naturae ipsius habitu prope divino,

id. Arch. 7, 15:

prudentem non ex ipsius habitu, sed ex aliqua re externa judicare,

id. Leg. 1, 16, 45:

aut habitu aut natura... habitu, ut facile et cito irascatur, etc.,

id. Top. 16, 62:

ad rationis habitum perducere,

id. Fin. 4, 14, 37:

ne gloriari libeat alienis bonis Suoque potius habitu vitam degere,

Phaedr. 1, 3, 2:

si habitum etiam orationis et quasi colorem aliquem requiritis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 52, 199:

habitus quidam et quasi gestus (sermonis),

Quint. 9, 1, 13; 5, 12, 18; cf. id. 11, 3, 62.—

In partic.

A state of feeling, disposition (friendly or hostile) with regard to any one (mostly post-Aug.):

quis fuerit eo tempore civitatis habitus, qui singulorum animi, etc.,

Vell. 2, 99, 3; cf.:

quae mens exercituum, quis habitus provinciarum,

Tac. H. 1, 4:

hic quidem Romae habitus animorum fuit,

id. ib. 1, 8:

ex praesenti eos potius quam praeterito aestimat habitu,

Liv. 32, 14, 6.—

In philos. lang., an acquired perfect state or condition:

habitum appellamus animi aut corporis constantem et absolutam aliqua in re perfectionem: ut virtutis aut artis perceptionem alicujus, aut quamvis scientiam, et item corporis aliquam commoditatem, non natura datam, sed studio et industria partam,

Cic. Inv. 1, 25, 36:

habitus... in aliqua perfecta et constanti animi aut corporis absolutione consistit, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 9, 30.

trĭumpho, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [p. 1903] [triumphus].

Neutr., to make a triumphal procession, to hold or celebrate a triumph, to triumph (cf. ovo).

Lit.: triumphare appellatum, quod cum imperatore milites redeuntes clamitant per urbem in Capitolium eunti Io triumphe: id a thriambôi Graeco Liberi cognomento potest dictum, Varr. L. L. 6, § 68 Müll.:

ex praeturā triumphare,

Cic. Mur. 7, 15:

commissi sunt iis magistratus, in quibus re bene gestā triumpharent,

id. Planc. 25, 61:

Africanus, qui de Numantinis triumpharat,

id. Phil. 11, 8, 18;

for which: ex Transalpinis gentibus triumpharunt,

id. ib. 8, 6, 18:

ex Macedoniā,

id. Pis. 23, 55; id. Mur. 5, 11:

ex Transalpinis bellis,

id. Off. 2, 8, 28:

cum triumphantem (Camillum) albi per urbem vexerant equi,

Liv. 5, 28, 1:

ut triumphanti urbem inire liceret,

id. 26, 21, 2:

quasi debellato triumphare,

id. 26, 21, 4:

neminem ad eam diem triumphasse, qui, etc.,

id. 28, 38, 4:

quid tam inauditum quam equitem Romanum triumphare? at Pompeius triumphavit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 61:

nisi meo in rem publicam beneficio ubi triumpharet esset habiturus,

id. Off. 1, 22, 78; cf. Auct. B. Afr. 22, 3: Nero ovans triumphavit, i. e. held or celebrated an ovation, Vell. 2, 96, 3. — Poet., transf.:

ut sit mulsum, qui triumphent milites,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 48:

mirum, si de me jure triumphat Amor,

Prop. 2, 8 (8, b), 40 (24):

deque cothurnato vate triumphat Amor,

Ov. Am. 2, 18, 18.— Impers. pass.:

ex eā urbe triumphari vidimus,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28:

aliquis est Romae, qui triumphari de Macedonibus nolit?

Liv. 45, 38, 2:

populi jussu triumphatum est,

id. 3, 63, 11:

de parvis oppidis,

Flor. 1, 11, 6:

ex civilibus bellis,

id. 3, 22, 10.—

Trop., to triumph, exult, be glad, rejoice exceedingly:

exsultare laetitiā, triumphare gaudio,

Cic. Clu. 5, 14; cf.:

laetaris tu in omnium gemitu et triumphas,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121:

in quo exsultat et triumphat oratio mea,

id. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

triumpho, si licet me, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 5: meum factum probari abs te, triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 2.—

Act. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

With a homogeneous object:

triumphavit cum imperatoribus suis triumphos novem,

Gell. 2, 11, 4.—More freq.,

With other objects, to triumph over, to lead in triumph; or, in gen., to conquer:

aliquem, Treb. XXX. Tyr. 24: hic terram triumphabit,

Lact. 6, 23 fin.:

mortem Cum suis terroribus,

id. 4, 26, 28; id. Mort. Pers. 16.—More freq. in pass.:

bisque triumphatas utroque ab litore gentes,

Verg. G. 3, 33:

triumphatis dare jura Medis,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 43:

Zenobia victa et triumphata,

Vop. Aur. 33:

triumphati magis quam victi sunt,

Tac. G. 37:

triumphata Capitolia,

Verg. A. 6, 836; cf.:

omnia superata et triumphata,

Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 36:

ne triumpharetur (Mithridates),

Tac. A. 12, 19:

Roma triumphati caput orbis,

Ov. Am. 1, 15, 26: triumphatus bos, i. e. obtained by victory, got or won as booty, id. F. 3, 732; so,

triumphatum aurum,

id. P. 2, 1, 41:

Achaeos triumphandos Mummio tradidit,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 61.—Hence, p. a.: trĭ-umphans, antis, = triumphalis, triumphal, belonging to a triumph:

equi,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 40.

trĭumpho, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [p. 1903] [triumphus].

Neutr., to make a triumphal procession, to hold or celebrate a triumph, to triumph (cf. ovo).

Lit.: triumphare appellatum, quod cum imperatore milites redeuntes clamitant per urbem in Capitolium eunti Io triumphe: id a thriambôi Graeco Liberi cognomento potest dictum, Varr. L. L. 6, § 68 Müll.:

ex praeturā triumphare,

Cic. Mur. 7, 15:

commissi sunt iis magistratus, in quibus re bene gestā triumpharent,

id. Planc. 25, 61:

Africanus, qui de Numantinis triumpharat,

id. Phil. 11, 8, 18;

for which: ex Transalpinis gentibus triumpharunt,

id. ib. 8, 6, 18:

ex Macedoniā,

id. Pis. 23, 55; id. Mur. 5, 11:

ex Transalpinis bellis,

id. Off. 2, 8, 28:

cum triumphantem (Camillum) albi per urbem vexerant equi,

Liv. 5, 28, 1:

ut triumphanti urbem inire liceret,

id. 26, 21, 2:

quasi debellato triumphare,

id. 26, 21, 4:

neminem ad eam diem triumphasse, qui, etc.,

id. 28, 38, 4:

quid tam inauditum quam equitem Romanum triumphare? at Pompeius triumphavit,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 21, 61:

nisi meo in rem publicam beneficio ubi triumpharet esset habiturus,

id. Off. 1, 22, 78; cf. Auct. B. Afr. 22, 3: Nero ovans triumphavit, i. e. held or celebrated an ovation, Vell. 2, 96, 3. — Poet., transf.:

ut sit mulsum, qui triumphent milites,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 48:

mirum, si de me jure triumphat Amor,

Prop. 2, 8 (8, b), 40 (24):

deque cothurnato vate triumphat Amor,

Ov. Am. 2, 18, 18.— Impers. pass.:

ex eā urbe triumphari vidimus,

Cic. Off. 2, 8, 28:

aliquis est Romae, qui triumphari de Macedonibus nolit?

Liv. 45, 38, 2:

populi jussu triumphatum est,

id. 3, 63, 11:

de parvis oppidis,

Flor. 1, 11, 6:

ex civilibus bellis,

id. 3, 22, 10.—

Trop., to triumph, exult, be glad, rejoice exceedingly:

exsultare laetitiā, triumphare gaudio,

Cic. Clu. 5, 14; cf.:

laetaris tu in omnium gemitu et triumphas,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 46, § 121:

in quo exsultat et triumphat oratio mea,

id. Cat. 2, 2, 3:

triumpho, si licet me, etc.,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 5: meum factum probari abs te, triumpho gaudio, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 16, 2.—

Act. (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

With a homogeneous object:

triumphavit cum imperatoribus suis triumphos novem,

Gell. 2, 11, 4.—More freq.,

With other objects, to triumph over, to lead in triumph; or, in gen., to conquer:

aliquem, Treb. XXX. Tyr. 24: hic terram triumphabit,

Lact. 6, 23 fin.:

mortem Cum suis terroribus,

id. 4, 26, 28; id. Mort. Pers. 16.—More freq. in pass.:

bisque triumphatas utroque ab litore gentes,

Verg. G. 3, 33:

triumphatis dare jura Medis,

Hor. C. 3, 3, 43:

Zenobia victa et triumphata,

Vop. Aur. 33:

triumphati magis quam victi sunt,

Tac. G. 37:

triumphata Capitolia,

Verg. A. 6, 836; cf.:

omnia superata et triumphata,

Plin. 5, 5, 5, § 36:

ne triumpharetur (Mithridates),

Tac. A. 12, 19:

Roma triumphati caput orbis,

Ov. Am. 1, 15, 26: triumphatus bos, i. e. obtained by victory, got or won as booty, id. F. 3, 732; so,

triumphatum aurum,

id. P. 2, 1, 41:

Achaeos triumphandos Mummio tradidit,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 61.—Hence, p. a.: trĭ-umphans, antis, = triumphalis, triumphal, belonging to a triumph:

equi,

Ov. P. 2, 8, 40.

τροπαιοφόρ-ος (parox.), ον,

A bringing trophies,

Κύπρι AP5.293.24

(Agath.); bearing a trophy or emblem of victory,

Νίκη D.S. 18.26

; Ζεὺς τ., = Lat.Jupiter Feretrius, Mon.Anc.Gr.10.9;

εἰκόνες Plu.Rom.16

.

2 a coin, Inscr.Délos 1439 Cb1, 1443A i 141 (ii B. C.).

II = Lat. triumphalis,

πομπή D.H.3.31

, etc.;

ἁψίς D.C. 49.15

.

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: name of hymns sung at the feasts for Dionysos (Cratin. 36), also said of the god ( Trag. Adesp. 140 u. a.); hell.also rendering of Lat. triumphus (Plb., D. S.);

Derivatives: θριαμβικός = triumphālis, θριαμβεύειν = triumphāre.

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Formation like διθύραμβος, ἴαμβος (s. vv.) and like these prob. Pre-Greek. Often (after Sommer Lautstud. 58ff.) connected with the numeral `three' ("Dreischritt" v.t.), which is impossible. Extensive treatment by v. Windekens Orbis 2, 489ff., who takes θρίαμβος as (Indo-European) "Pelasgian" and gives a quite arbitrary IE etymology. - Acc. to Sturtevant ClassPhil. 5, 323ff. from θριάζω, θρίασις influenced by ἴαμβος; further Theander Eranos 15, 126 n. 1. - Fur.191 connects τριάζω `conquer'. Clearly a Pre-Greek word.

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