-
1 GILDI
* * *n.1) payment, tribute (rare);3) repute, esteem (þegar þér komist í g. við höfðingja);4) feast banquet (þá gengu Æsir at g. sínu);5) guild, brotherhood.* * *n. [gjalda; Ulf. gild = tribute, Luke xx. 22, Mark xii. 14; A. S. gild; Hel. geld; Frank. chalta; Germ. geld = money; it remains in Old Engl. weregild]:—payment, tribute; this sense is very rare, as gjald (q. v.) is the common word; chiefly used in compds, as nef-gildi, head-tax; baug-gildi, q. v.; skatt-gildi, a tax; skulda-gildi, payment of debts, Grág. i. 302.2. recompense; in the saying, æ sér til gildis gjöf (mod. æ sér gjöf til gjalda), Hom. 146.3. value; al-gildi, full-g., hálf-g., whole, full, half value; ið-gilði or í-gildi, equivalence; hon er karlmanns-ígildi.β. worth, value, esteem; the phrase, vera í miklu, litlu, engu gildi, to be in great, small, no repute; án Drottins ráða er aðstoð manns í engu minsta gildi, Pass. 9. 2: freq. in mod. usage, but rare in old writers, þegar ér komizt í gildi við höfðingja eðr kærleika, Finnb. 266.II. a banquet, feast, [cp. Dan. gilde; so called from the fee paid?], Eg. 20 sqq., Edda 45, 57, Fb. i. 283, Gþl. 178, freq. in old poems; the poetical mead is called Gauta g., Kormak; or gildi Grjótaldar, the cheer of the Giants; gefa úlfum gildi, to feast the wolves, Lex. Poët.; to this seems to belong the passage in Vsp. 27, hvárt skyldi Æsir afrað gjalda eðr skyldi goðin öll gildi eiga, where the eiga gildi means to hold a feast, with the notion of making a league or peaceful agreement, as opp. to gjalda afrað (q. v.), to pay tribute as a badge of submission.III. in a technical sense, a guild, throughout England and Scandinavia during the Middle Ages; the first guilds in Norway were instituted by king Olave (1066–1093), Ólafr konungr lét setja Mikla-gildi í Níðarósi, ok mörg önnur í kaupstöðum, en áðr vóru hvirfings-drykkjur ( but before there were drinking-bouts), Fms. vi. 440: the guilds were secular brotherhoods or trades’ unions (and often became political clubs); they assumed the names of saints or sacred things, as Kross-g., Cross-guild; Ólafs-g., St. Olave’s guild (in Norway); Knúts-g., St. Canute’s guild (in Denmark), and so on: in Icel. this sense rarely occurs, mælti at einhverr vildis-manna ætti at hefja gildit, Sturl. i. 20; ok var gildit at Ólafs messu hvert sumar, 23; cp. also gildis-fundr, m. a guild-meeting, mentioned in Sturl. i. 58; and gildis-bændr, m. pl. guild-franklins, guild-brothers, 23, (about the middle of the 12th century); but guilds never took root in Icel.: gildis-skáli, a, m. a guild-hall, Fms. viii. 160, ix. 22, D. N. passim: gildis-tíð, n. a guild-term, Fms. viii. 151. -
2 SKATTR
(-s, -ar), m.1) tribute, tax (leggja skatt á land; greiða, gjalda, e-m skatt);2) treasure.* * *m. [Ulf. renders ἀργύριον, δηνάριον, and μνα, all by skatts; A. S. sceat = a coin; O. H. G. scaz, whence mod. Germ. schatz; scatt is an old Danish tax still paid in Shetl.; Dan. skat]:—tribute, Fms. i. 157, Hkr. i. 58, Nj. 8; svarinn Hákoni ok Magnúsi Noregs konungum land ok þegnar ok æfinligr skattr á Íslandi, Ann. 1262, cp. 1263, 1264: allit., leigt Ísland með sköttum ok skyldum um þrjá vetr, 1361; allan Noreg með sköttum ok skyldum, Fms. i. 3; Róma-skattr, Peter’s pence: the phrase, skatt vel ek honum harðan, pay him hard tribute, Orkn. 20 (ironically, in a verse on piling stones over a slain king): in Icel. the tax paid to the king was levied on the franklins (skattbændr), as described in Jb. 52, 53.2. in mod. usage any taxes and dues are called skattr.II. a share or portion of food, a breakfast is in Icel. called skattr, prob. corrupted from skamtr, skamta; skyr og rjóma í litla skattinn. -
3 gjald
n.1) tribute (hann lagði g. á borgina);2) payment; þá héldu bœndr galdinu, they kept back the payment;3) retribution, esp. pl.; ella mun þér g. at verða, thou shalt pay dear for it;4) reward, return, compensation; æ sér gjöf til gjalda, gift looks for gift.* * *n. [vide gildi]:I. sing. tribute, payment; því er gjöf gjaldi betri, at …, N. G. L. i. 54; gjald þat er Finnar skyldu reiða, Eg. 67; seint gengr gjaldit, Fms. iv. 329; þá héldu bændr gjaldinu, they kept back the payment, vii. 302; beiddi nokkurra fresta um gjaldit, viii. 174; hann lagði gjald á borgina, Ó. H. 22.II. usually in pl.; hann tók stór gjöld af sumum, Fms. i. 28; til gjalda ok til útgöngu, payment, Grág. i. 184; lýsti hann til gjalda ok útgreizlu, Nj. 15; stefna til tveðra gjalda, double payment, i. e. double the value, Grág. ii. 188; gjalda einum gjöldum, the actual value, 132; fullum gjöldum, Ó. H. 86: a fine, maðr á at taka gjöld um konu, Grág. i. 278; mann-gjöld, weregild.2. metaph. retribution; Drottinn sýndi hver gjöld koma munu fyrir ofstopa, 655 xxi. 3: rarely in sing., ella mun þér gjald at verða, thou shalt pay dear for it, Nj. 126:—freq. in eccl. use, synda-gjöld, illverka-gjöld, Pass. 32. 11: so in the phrase, góðra gjalda vert, ef …, i. e. one must even be thankful, if not …; ok góðra gjalda vert ef ekki eru drepnir sumir, Sturl. iii. 266:—reward, compensation, in a good sense, æ sér gjöf til gjalda, gift calls for gift, Gísl. 28. -
4 skatta
(að), v. to make tributary, lay a tribute on (konungr skattaði landit hit efra sem hit ýtra).* * *að, to make tributary, lay a tribute on; konungr skattaði landit, Fms. x. 192, Fas. i. 451. -
5 skylda
* * *I)(að), v.1) to bind in duty, oblige (konungrum skyldaði þá til at flytja líkin til graptar);2) s. til e-s, to deserve, merit.f.1) due, tax, tribute (fekk hann þaðan engar skyldur né skatta);2) duty (er þat yðvarr réttr ok s. at verja ríki várt);3) relationship (eigi veit ek, at með okkr sé nein s.).* * *1.d and að. to bind in duly, oblige, enjoin; allra þeirra orða, er yðr skylda lög til um at bera, Nj. 208; er þá skylda lög til, Grág. i. 8; en þat skyldar mik til at ríta, Bs. i. 59; konungr skyldaði þá til at flytja líkin til graptar, Fms. viii. 231; ek em skyldaðr til at blóta, 656 B. 9; vera til skyldaðr, H. E. i. 471: hverrgi má skylda annan til garðlags, Grág. ii. 262; skylda ek ykkr heldr til þessa enn aðra menn, at …, Fms. i. 189; því skyldi ek þik til blóta, 656 B. 4; hann skyldir mik at fella tár, Eluc. 56; nauðr skyldi yðr til, urged you, Bjarn. 54: láta þeir sem eingu ætti við aðra at skylda, as if they had no concern with one another, Band. 4 new Ed.II. reflex., því skyldumk vér, 671. 3, Stj. 151, H. E. i. 410; skyldask um e-t, to be made responsible for, K. Á. 82: to be prescribed, þá hluti er eigi skyldask tiundar-görð af, which are not subject to a tithe, id.; hverjar pínur skyldask á þá menn, 224, Stj. 46.2.u, f. a due, tax, tribute; þeir (the kings) fengu engar skyldur í Þrándheimi, Fms. i. 49; þangat liggr tíund, lýsi-tollar, … öll önnur skylda liggr til Hváls, Vm. 96: = skyldleikr, N. G. L. i. 350. But usually skyld is the legal and skylda the moral term.II. one’s duty, Fms. i. 52, vii. 280, K. Á. 134; er þat vist hans skylda, it is his duty, Sks. 599; and so in countless instances, esp. in eccl. writers, skyldan við Guð, s. við náungann.COMPDS: skylduembætti, skylduhjón, skylduhlýðni, skyldulauss, skylduliga, skylduligr, skyldusöngr. -
6 af-gipt
f. [gefa af]I. tribute, K. Á. 170.II. indulgence, absolution, Bs. i. 712, H. E. i. 523, Dipl. i. 5.COMPDS: afgiptarbréf, afgiptarfé. -
7 af-gjald
n. tribute, Vm. 78 (freq.) -
8 af-rað
afráð, afroð, and afhroð, n. (Fas. iii. 169), [cp. Swed. afrad; from roð, rud, fundus, ager (?)].I. prop, a Norse and Swedish law term, tribute, ground tax, payable to the king; a. ok landaura, N. G. L. i. 257, D. N. iii. 408. So also in Vsp. 27, hvárt skyldu æsir a. gjalda, where it is opp. to gildi, league.II. metaph. loss, damage,1. in the phrase, gjalda a., to pay a heavy fine, suffer a great loss; en þat a. munu vér gjalda, at margir munu eigi kunna frá at segja hvárir sigrast, there will be so heavy a loss in men, such a havoc in killed, Nj. 197 (where most MSS. read afroð, some afrað, Ed. afrauð); töluðu þeir opt um málaferlin, sagði Flosi, at þeir hefði mikit a. goldit þegar, 254 (MSS. afrað, afroð, and afhroð); Lýtingr mun þykjast áðr mikit a. goldit hafa í láti bræðra sinna, 155 (MSS. afrað, afroð, and afhroð), Fms. x. 324.2. in the phrase, göra mikit a., to make a great havoc; görði hann mikit afhroð í sinni vörn, great slaughter, Fas. iii. 169: cp. Lex. Poët.3. advice, Vtkv. 5; the verse is spurious and the meaning false. -
9 dauða-skattr
m. tribute of death, Niðrst. 6. -
10 FINNAR
m. pl. Finns (usually the early non-Aryan inhabitants of Norway and Sweden; not identical with the modern Lapps or Finns).* * *m. the Finns and Lapps; Finnr, m. a Finn; Finna and Finn-kona, u, f. a Finn woman, Fms. x. 378; Finn-mörk, f. Finmark, Fms. passim; Finnland, n. Finland; Finnlendingar, m. pl. the Finns; the name Lapps only occurs in Orkn. ch. 1. and Ann. of the 14th century; Finn-ferð or Finn-för, f. or Finn-kaup, n. travelling or trading with the Finns or Lapps, Fms. vii, Eg. 25, Hkr. ii. 162; Finn-skattr, m. tribute paid by the Finns, Eg. 53, Fms. vi. 377; Finn-skref, n. cargo in a Finn merchant ship, Fas. ii. 515. 516; Finnskr, adj. Finnic, Lapp, etc., vide Fms, passim. The trade with the Finns or Lapps was in old times regarded as a royal monopoly, cp. esp. Eg. ch. 10, 14. Ó. H. ch. 122, Har. S. harðr. ch. 104, 106. and the deeds and laws passim.II. again the Finns or Lapps were in old times notorious for sorcery, hence the very names Finn and sorcerer became synonymous, cp. Vd. ch. 12, Landn. 3. 2, Har. S. hárf. ch. 25, 34, Hkr. Ól. S. Tr. ch. 36; the law forbids to believe in Finns or witchcraft (trúa á Finn eðr fordæður), N. G. L. i. 389, 403:—often in the phrase, Finn-ferð, f. going to the Finns; fara Finn-farar, f. pl. (N. G. L. i. 350) and fara á Finn-mörk at spyrja spá (352) are used like Germ. ‘to go to the Blocksberg;’ Finn-vitka, að, to ‘Finn-witch,’ i. e. bewitch like a Finn, Fb. ii. 78; Finn-bólur, f. pl. or Finnar, m. pl., medic. ‘Finn-pox,’ pustules in the face, Fél. ix. 209; Finn-brækr, f. pl. ‘Finn-breeks,’ wizard-breeks, concerning which see Maurer’s Volkssagen. -
11 hauk-ey
f. hawk island, Sighvat; the old poët calls Norway the hawk island of the Danish king Harold, because he got a tribute of hawks from that land, Fms. vi. 44 (v. l.), cp. x. 341. -
12 skatt-fé
n. tribute-money, Fms. vii. 145. -
13 skatt-færir
m. a ‘tribute-bringer’, = skattkonungr, Lex. Poët. -
14 skatt-gilda
d, to lay tribute on, make tributary, Fær. 189, Fms. i. 29, Ó. H. 57, Eg. 402. -
15 skatt-gildi
n. payment of tribute, Fær. 192, Fms. x. 386. -
16 skatt-gjöf
f. the offering of tribute, Hkr. i. 15, 137, Rb. 508. -
17 skatt-penningr
m. tribute-pence, Hkr. i. 13, 185. -
18 þegn-gildi
n. the weregild for a þegn (II), Fms. iv. 313, v. 74, x. 112, Gþl. 21, 130, N. G. L. i. 121, 384, Sks. 253.2. a tribute to be paid to the king by a þegn; þegngildi ok nefgildi, Ó. H. 141. -
19 afgjöf
f. tribute. -
20 dauðaskattr
m. tribute of death.
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Tribute — Trib ute, n. [OE. tribut, L. tributum, fr. tribuere, tributum, to bestow, grant, pay, allot, assign, originally, to a tribe, from tribus tribe; cf. F. tribut. See {Tribe}, and cf. {Attribute}, {Contribute}.] 1. An annual or stated sum of money or … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Tribute — Концертный альбом Ozzy Osbourne … Википедия
Tribute — steht für: Mazda Tribute, ein SUV Modell des japanischen Automobilherstellers Mazda Tribute (Band), eine schwedische Rockband Ein Sommer in Manhattan (Originaltitel: Tribute), eine kanadische Komödie des Regisseurs Bob Clark aus dem Jahr 1980… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Tribute — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Tribute Álbum en vivo de Ozzy Osbourne Publicación 14 de marzo de 1987 Grabación 1981 … Wikipedia Español
TRIBUTE — Tribute is the enforced delivery of goods, services, or people imposed on a country or region after a military defeat. In contrast to booty and plunder, which is amassed by soldiers during warfare, tribute payments are meant to be maintained… … Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia
tribute — ● tribute adjectif (latin tributus, de tribus, tribu) Comices tributes, comices issues des assemblées de la plèbe (Ve s. avant J. C.) où les citoyens romains délibéraient par tribus pour élire les tribuns, voter les plébiscites. (Peu à peu, les… … Encyclopédie Universelle
tribute — [trib′yo͞ot] n. [ME tribut < MFr < L tributum, neut. of tributus, pp. of tribuere, to assign, allot, pay < tribus, Roman tribal division: see TRIBE] 1. a) a regular payment of money, etc., made by one ruler or nation to another as… … English World dictionary
Tribute — Trib ute, v. i. [imp. & p. p. {Tributed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Tributing}.] To pay as tribute. [R.] Whitlock (1654). [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
tribute — (n.) mid 14c., tax paid to a ruler or master for security or protection, from L. tributum tribute, lit. a thing contributed or paid, noun use of tributus, neuter pp. of tribuere to pay, assign, grant, also allot among the tribes or to a tribe,… … Etymology dictionary
tribute — ► NOUN 1) an act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration. 2) something resulting from and indicating the worth of something else: his victory was a tribute to his persistence. 3) historical payment made… … English terms dictionary
tribute — index bounty, contribution (donation), duty (tax), gift (present), honor (outward respect), payment … Law dictionary
