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101 ὑποδοχή
ὑποδοχ-ή, ἡ,A reception,χῶραι εἰς ὑποδοχὴν ἕτοιμοι τοῖς.. περιττώμασι Gal.6.173
, cf. Sor.1.84;χρῶνται [τοῖς ὕδνοις] πρὸς ὑποδοχὴν ἀρτυμάτων Gal.6.655
;βόθρος εἰς ὑ. ῥίψεως πεποιημένος Poll.9.103
; τὴν δοθεῖσαν ὑπόθεσιν εὐφυᾶ πρὸς ὑ. γυμναστικῆς a subject fit for reception of gymnastic training, Luc. Hist.Conscr.35.2 entertainment, hospitality, Ar. Pax 530 (v. VI infr.), Pl.Lg. 919a (pl.);κτήνεα σιτεύεσκον.. ἐσὑποδοχὰς τοῦ στρατοῦ Hdt.7.119
;ἐσδέξομαι.. ὑποδοχαῖς δόμων E.IA 1229
;ὑποδοχὰς ποιεῖσθαι Ath.5.210e
; (Cos, iii/ii B. C.); also ἐς ὑποδοχὴν τοῦ στρατεύματος ἐτάσσοντο for the reception of the army (in hostile sense), Th.7.74.4 means for entertaining, Plu.Alc.12; H.; so perh. in IG42(1).92.6 (Epid., iii/iv A. D.).II acceptance, support, εἰς ὑποδοχὴν ἅπαντα λέγειν καὶ πράττειν τινί by way of playing up to, supporting, or seconding him, Aeschin.3.62, cf. Plb.31.25.10.b expectation, Id.Ep.3.34.2 receptacle, reservoir, Arist.Pol. 1330b6, Mete. 349b7;ἡ τῆς μισγαγκείας ὑ. Pl.Phlb. 62d
; of the vessels of the body,ὁ μαστὸς ὑ... ἐστι γάλακτος Arist. PA 692a12
; of the stomach, ὑ. τροφῆς ib. 682a17; of the womb, Id.GA 722b14, etc.V stewardship, office of theὑποδέκτης, ἀννωνῶν PSI1.44.1
(v A. D.); λόγος ὑποδοχῆς (including ἀνάλωμα) ib.8.959.1 (iv A. D.); τὴν ὑ. πᾶσαν τοῦ μακαρίου Ἰούστου αὐτὸς ὑπόδεξε (leg. - ξαι) POxy. 1838 (vi A. D.), cf. PLond.5.1667.3 (vi A. D.), PFlor.290.3 (vi A. D.), etc.2 taking over, receipt by an agent, acceptance of responsibility for,πρὸς ἀπόδειξιν ὑποδοχῆς PSI1.60.28
(vi A. D.), cf. 72.4 (vi A. D.);παντὶ δημοσίων ἀπαίτησιν καὶ ὑ. ποιησαμένῳ Just.Nov.163.2
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ὑποδοχή
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102 Hammond, Robert
[br]b. 19 January 1850 Waltham Cross, Englandd. 5 August 1915 London, England[br]English engineer who established many of the earliest public electricity-supply systems in Britain.[br]After an education at Nunhead Grammar School, Hammond founded engineering businesses in Middlesbrough and London. Obtaining the first concession from the Anglo- American Brush Company for the exploitation of their system in Britain, he was instrumental in popularizing the Brush arc-lighting generator. Schemes using this system, which he established at Chesterfield, Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings in 1881–2, were the earliest public electricity-supply ventures in Britain. On the invention of the incandescent lamp, high-voltage Brush dynamos were employed to operate both arc and incandescent lamps. The limitations of this arrangement led Hammond to become the sole agent for the Ferranti alternator, introduced in 1882. Commencing practice as a consulting engineer, Hammond was responsible for the construction of many electricity works in the United Kingdom, of which the most notable were those at Leeds, Hackney (London) and Dublin, in addition to many abroad. Appreciating the need for trained engineers for the new electrical industry and profession then being created, in 1882 he established the Hammond Electrical Engineering College. Later, in association with Francis Ince, he founded Faraday House, a training school that pioneered the concept of "sandwich courses" for engineers. Between 1883 and 1903 he paid several visits to the United States to study developments in electric traction and was one of the advisers to the Postmaster General on the acquisition of the telephone companies.[br]Bibliography1884, Electric Light in Our Homes, London (one of the first detailed accounts of electric lighting).1897, "Twenty five years" developments in central stations', Electrical Review 41:683–7 (surveys nineteenth-century public electricity supply).Further ReadingF.W.Lipscomb, 1973, The Wise Men of the Wires, London (the story of Faraday House). B.Bowers, 1985, biography, in Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. III, ed. J.Jeremy, London, pp. 21–2 (provides an account of Hammond's business ventures). J.D.Poulter, 1986, An Early History of 'Electricity Supply, London.GW -
103 Hunt, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 6 September 1807 Devonport, Devon, Englandd. 19 March 1887 England[br]English photographic pioneer and writer.[br]A chemist by training, Hunt took an early interest in photography and during the 1840s devised several original photographic processes and techniques. The properties of iron sulphate as a developing agent, widely used by wet-collodion photographers, were first described by Hunt in 1844. He was a prolific author and it was as a writer that he was most influential. In 1841 he published the first substantial English-language photographic manual, a work that was to run to six editions. Perhaps his most important work was his Researches on Light, first published in 1844, with a second edition containing considerable additional material appearing in 1854. In 1851 Hunt was appointed Professor of Mechanical Science at the Royal School of Mines in London. He was a founder member of the London (later Royal) Photographic Society in 1853.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember of the Royal Society 1854.Further ReadingC.Thomas, 1988, Views and Likenesses, Truro: Royal Institution of Cornwall (a brief account of Hunt's life and work).H.Gernsheim and A.Gernsheim, 1969, The History of Photography, rev. edn, London.JW -
104 Langen, Eugen
[br]b. 1839 Germanyd. 1895 Germany[br]German engineer and businessmen.[br]A sound engineering training combined with an inherited business sense were credentials that Langen put to good use in his association with internal-combustion engines. The sight of a working engine built by N.A. Otto in 1864 convinced Langen that this was a means to provide power in industry. Shortly afterwards, assisted by members of his family, he formed the company N.A.Otto and Cie, Cologne, the world's first engine factory. At the Paris Exhibition of 1867, the new Otto-Langen Atmospheric Gas Engine was awarded a Gold Medal, and in 1870 Crossley Bros of Manchester was appointed sole agent and manufacturer in Britain. Under Langen's guidance, the firm grew, and in 1872 it was renamed Die Gasmotoren Fabrik, employing Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Apart from running the business, Langen often played peacemaker when differences arose between Daimler and Otto. The success of the firm, known today as Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz, owed much to Langen's business and technical skills. Langen was a strong supporter of Otto's constant efforts to produce a better engine, and his confidence was justified by the appearance, in 1876, of Otto's four-stroke engine. The two men remained close friends until Otto's death in 1892.[br]Further ReadingFriederick Sass, 1962, Geschichte des deutschen Verbrennungsmotorenbaues von 1860 bis 1918, Berlin: Springen Verlag (a detailed account).Gustav Goldbeck, 1964, Kraft für die Welt: 100 Jahre Klockner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, Dusseldorf (an account of the history and development of Klockner Humboldt).KAB -
105 Weldon, Walter
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 31 October 1832 Loughborough, Englandd. 20 September 1885 Burstow, Surrey, England[br]English industrial chemist.[br]It was intended that Weldon should enter his father's factory in Loughborough, but he decided instead to turn to journalism, which he pursued with varying success in London. His Weldon's Register of Facts and Occurrences in Literature, Science, and Art ran for only four years, from 1860 to 1864, but the fashion magazine Weldon's Journal, which he published with his wife, was more successful. Meanwhile Weldon formed an interest in chemistry, although he had no formal training in that subject. He devoted himself to solving one of the great problems of industrial chemistry at that time. The Leblanc process for the manufacture of soda produced large quantities of hydrochloric acid in gas form. By this time, this by-product was being converted, by oxidation with manganese dioxide, to chlorine, which was much used in the textile and paper industries as a bleaching agent. The manganese ended up as manganese chloride, from which it was difficult to convert back to the oxide, for reuse in treating the hydrochloric acid, and it was an expensive substance. Weldon visited the St Helens district of Lancashire, an important centre for the manufacture of soda, to work on the problem. During the three years from 1866 to 1869, he took out six patents for the regeneration of manganese dioxide by treating the manganese chloride with milk of lime and blowing air through it. The Weldon process was quickly adopted and had a notable economic effect: the price of bleaching powder came down by £6 per ton and production went up fourfold.By the time of his death, nearly all chlorine works in the world used Weldon's process. The distinguished French chemist J.B.A.Dumas said of the process, when presenting Weldon with a gold medal, "every sheet of paper and every yard of calico has been cheapened throughout the world". Weldon played an active part in the founding of the Society of Chemical Industry.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1882. President, Society of Chemical Industry 1883–4.Further ReadingT.C.Barker and J.R.Harris, 1954, A Merseyside Town in the Industrial Revolution: St Helens, 1750–1900, Liverpool: Liverpool University Press; reprinted with corrections, 1959, London: Cass.S.Miall, 1931, A History of the British Chemical Industry.LRD -
106 ATB
ATB, advanced technology bomber————————ATB, agent training base————————ATB, Air Transport(ation) Board————————ATB, aircraft technical bulletin————————ATB, all trunks busyсв "все линии заняты"————————ATB, antitank battery————————ATB, antitank bomblet————————ATB, Arctic Test Branch————————ATB, Army tank battalion————————ATB, Army Transportation Board————————ATB, Artillery Test BoardEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > ATB
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107 CAITS
CAITS, chemical agent identification training setEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > CAITS
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108 состав
инструктаж летного составаpilots briefingинформация о летном составеflight personnel informationкатегорирование летного составаaeronautical ratingколичественный состав экипажаcrew sizeлетный состав1. flight personnel2. flying personnel 3. operating personnel личный составpersonnelогнегасящий составextinguishing agentпенообразующий составfoam compoundСекция свидетельств и подготовки личного составаPersonnel Licensing and Training Practices Section(ИКАО) состав экипажаcomposition of a crew
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