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English-German dictionary of Electrical Engineering and Electronics > Leblanc exciter
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8 Leblanc, Nicolas
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 6 December 1742 Ivey-le-Pré, Franced. 16 January 1806 Paris, France[br]French chemist, inventor of the Leblanc process for the manufacture of soda.[br]Orphaned at an early age, Leblanc was sent by his guardian, a doctor, to study medicine at the Ecole de Chirurgie in Paris. Around 1780 he entered the service of the Duke of Orléans as Surgeon. There he was able to pursue his interest in chemistry by carrying out research, particularly into crystallization; this bore fruit in a paper to the Royal Academy of Sciences in 1786, published in 1812 as a separate work entitled Crystallotechnie. At that time there was much concern that supplies of natural soda were becoming insufficient to meet the increasing demands of various industries, textile above all. In 1775 the Academy offered a prize of 2,400 livres for a means of manufacturing soda from sea salt. Several chemists studied the problem, but the prize was never awarded. However, in 1789 Leblanc reported in the Journal de physique for 1789 that he had devised a process, and he applied to his patron for support. The Duke had the process subjected to tests, and when these proved favourable he, with Leblanc and the referee, formed a company in February 1790 to exploit it. A patent was granted in 1791 and, with the manufacture of a vital substance at low cost based on a raw material, salt in unlimited supply, a bright prospect seemed to open out for Leblanc. The salt was treated with sulphuric acid to form salt-cake (sodium sulphate), which was then rotated with coal and limestone to form a substance from which the soda was extracted with water followed by evaporation. Hydrochloric acid was a valuable by-product, from which could be made calcium chloride, widely used in the textile and paper industries. The factory worked until 1793, but did not achieve regular production, and then disaster struck: Leblanc's principal patron, the Duke of Orléans, perished under the guillotine in the reign of terror; the factory was sequestered by the Revolutionary government and the agreement was revoked. Leblanc laboured in vain to secure adequate compensation. Eventually a grant was made towards the cost of restoring the factory, but it was quite inadequate, and in despair, Leblanc shot himself. However, his process proved to be one of the greatest inventions in the chemical industry, and was taken up in other countries and remained the leading process for the production of soda for a century. In 1855 his family tried again to vindicate his name and achieve compensation, this time with success.[br]Further ReadingA.A.Leblanc, 1884, Nicolas Leblanc, sa vie, ses travaux et l'histoire de la soude artificielle, Paris (the standard biography, by his grandson).For more critical studies, see: C.C.Gillispie, 1957, "The discovery of the Leblanc process", Isis 48:152–70; J.G.Smith, 1970, "Studies in certain chemical industries in revolutionary and Napoleonic France", unpublished PhD thesis, Leeds University.LRD -
9 Leblanc fasekompensator
subst. (energi) Leblanc exciter -
10 Leblanc-fasekompensator
subst. (energi) Leblanc exciter -
11 Leblanc-kobling
subst. (elektrisitet) Leblanc connection -
12 Leblanc-kopling
subst. (elektrisitet) Leblanc connection -
13 Leblanc connection
hubungan Leblanc -
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nELEC transformer conexión Leblanc f -
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Техника: схема Леблана -
18 Leblanc exciter
Техника: задающий генератор Леблана -
19 Leblanc process
1) Техника: способ Леблана2) Химия: метод Леблана, сульфатный способ получения соды -
20 Leblanc-Verfahren
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LeBlanc — oder LeBlanc ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Albert Leblanc (1903–1987), belgischer Komponist und Organist der Kathedrale in Luxemburg Anouk Leblanc Boucher (* 1984), kanadische Shorttrackerin Edward Oliver LeBlanc (1923–2004),… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Leblanc — oder LeBlanc ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Albert Leblanc (1903–1987), belgischer Komponist und Organist der Kathedrale in Luxemburg Anouk Leblanc Boucher (* 1984), kanadische Shorttrackerin Edward Oliver LeBlanc (1923–2004),… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Leblanc — is a French surname and may refer to:* Adrian Nicole LeBlanc, American journalist * André LeBlanc, fictional jewelry thief in DC Comics * Christian LeBlanc (born 1958), American actor * Dominic LeBlanc (born 1967), Canadian politician * Dudley J … Wikipedia
Leblanc — hace referencia a: Edward Oliver LeBlanc, político de Dominica; Luc Leblanc, ciclista; … Wikipedia Español
LEBLANC (M.) — LEBLANC MAURICE (1864 1941) Originaire de la grande bourgeoisie rouennaise (son père était armateur), Leblanc fait d’abord paraître des romans d’analyse psychologique (une dizaine en tout, qui lui vaudront l’estime d’écrivains aussi importants… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Leblanc — Leblanc, Maurice Leblanc, Nicolas … Enciclopedia Universal
Leblanc — [lə blã], 1) Maurice, französischer Schriftsteller, * Rouen 11. 12. 1864, ✝ Perpignan 6. 11. 1941; schrieb Erzählungen und psychologische Romane, wurde aber berühmt mit den Kriminalromanen um den »Gentleman Einbrecher« Arsène Lupin. Werke … Universal-Lexikon
Leblanc — Leblanc, Nicolas, Begründer der Soda Industrie, geb. 6. Dez. 1742 in Yvoy le Pré (Dep. Cher), gest. Anfang 1806, studierte Medizin und wurde 1780 Chirurg des Herzogs von Orléans. Als die französische Regierung 1783 einen Preis auf die Entdeckung… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Leblanc — (Maurice) (1864 1941) journaliste et écrivain français: Arsène Lupin, gentleman cambrioleur (1907) revient dans de nombreux romans policiers ultérieurs … Encyclopédie Universelle
Leblanc — Très répandu dans de nombreuses régions françaises, mais surtout dans le Nord Pas de Calais, le nom désigne celui qui a le teint ou plutôt les cheveux blancs … Noms de famille
Leblanc — (izg. leblȁn), Maurice (1864 1941) DEFINICIJA francuski pisac kriminalističkih romana, stvorio lik Arsènea Lupina … Hrvatski jezični portal