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took+the+level

  • 121 Nature

       To Newtonians, each question had its singular answer, one that would remain the same no matter who asked it, or why. But now, the uncertainty that undercuts every measurement of some fact in the real world compels the observer to choose which question to ask, which aspect of a phenomenon to study.
       The necessity of choice became overwhelmingly apparent when Heisenberg elevated uncertainty to a principle in quantum mechanics in 1927, having recognized that on the subatomic level the observer had to emphasize only one of a pair of properties to study at any one time. In one of the prominent interpretations of quantum mechanics, the idea took on a larger meaning: that in choosing what to study, the scientist in effect creates the object of his inquiry.... The impossibility of constructing a complete, accurate quantitative description of a complex system forces observers to pick which aspects of the system they most wish to understand....
       What one studies from among this wealth of choice depends on what one wants to know; the questions create-or at least determine-the range of possible answers. No such answer can be completely "true": instead of saying "This is what nature is like," they can claim only, "This is what nature seems like from here"-a vastly diminished claim from that of Newton. The critical issue raised by such subjectivity is how to decide what value each partial answer has, what connection it actually makes between the real world and our understanding of it. The object of study, the focus of much of modern science, has therefore shifted inward, to examine not nature itself but rather to study the abstract representations of nature, the choices made of what to leave in and what to drop out of any given study. (Levenson, 1995, pp. 228-229)

    Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Nature

  • 122 שוף II

    שוּףII 1) to smooth, rub, polish, sharpen; to smear over, plaster. Kel. XIV, 5 משיְשוּפֶינּוּ (Mish. ed. משישוּפֶנּוּ; Ar. משיְשַׁפֶּנּוּ, fr. שָׁפָה I) a sword becomes susceptible of uncleanness when it is furbished. Ib. XVI, 1 משיְשוּפם בעור הדג when he smooths them by rubbing with the skin of a fish; Snh.20b; Ned.56b משיְשַׁפֵּם (Rashi משישופם). Kel. l. c. גמר שלא לָשוּף if he decided not to smooth them. Y.Ber.III, 5d bot. לאיזה דבר הוא שָׁפָהּ for what purpose should he polish it? Ḥull.25a, sq.; Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.II, 10. Tosef.Toh.VI, 12 ושָׁפָה את רוקו and she rubbed his spittle off (with her foot); שכן … (להיות) שָׁפוֹתוכ׳ for it is the habit of Israelitish women during menstruation to rub off Y.Sabb.VII, 10b top רוקק ושָׁף he spits on the stone pavement and rubs it out (with his foot). M. Kat. I, 10 שָׁפִין את הסדקין you may plaster over the rifts in the roof (during the festive week). Sabb.XX, 3 ולא שפין אותן nor must you rub them (with the hand to cleanse them). Eduy. I, 8 שורין ושפיןוכ׳ you must observe levitical cleanness when you soak them and rub (your body) with them. Sabb.75b השף בין העמודים he who rubs (smooths skins) between columns; Y. ib. VII, 10c bot. השף את העור על גבי העמוד. Kel. XXX, 1 שָׁפָן בשופין files them with a file. Pes.II, 7 אבל שָׁפָה היאוכ׳ but she may rub (the bran) dry over her body (to soften her skin); a. fr. 2) to run smoothly, glide. Gen. R. s. 6; Midr. Sam. ch. IX. 3) (b. h.) to grind, crush, stamp. Sifré Deut. 315 שיהו הטים שָׁפוֹת זווכ׳ that wheat grains rub against one another and drop, v. סֹלֶת; Yalk. ib. 944.Midr. Till. to Ps. 4:7 וישראל … ואתם באים לָשוּף אותה מן העקב and the Israelites say to them (the gentiles asking for a share in the hereafter), in how many troubles … we surrendered our lives for the sanctification of the Lord, and you want to stamp it (all this good) out of your heels (out of the ground)?; (ed. Bub. אותם על העקב, corr. acc.); Yalk. ib. 627 לשוף עצמיכם מן העקב (corr. acc.).(Midr. Till. to Ps. 92 וישופני עקב, v. שוּף I. Nif. נִישּׁוֹף 1) to be rubbed off, made smooth, level. Tosef.B. Kam.X, מטבע ונ׳ if he took by force a coin, and it became rubbed off (effaced). 2) to be ground, crushed. Tosef.B. Mets. XI, 8 מוציא אדם זבלו … כדי שיִישּׁוֹףוכ׳ a man may take out his material for dung and place it in front of his house, that it may be stamped upon by the feet of man and beast; B. Kam.30a; 81b; B. Mets. 118b כדי שיהא נישוף. B. Kam.28b נשוף באבן (Ms. F. ונושף, read: נִישָּׁף) was smashed against a stone; (Y. ib. III, 3c top נחבט).v. שָׁפַף.

    Jewish literature > שוף II

  • 123 שוּף

    שוּףII 1) to smooth, rub, polish, sharpen; to smear over, plaster. Kel. XIV, 5 משיְשוּפֶינּוּ (Mish. ed. משישוּפֶנּוּ; Ar. משיְשַׁפֶּנּוּ, fr. שָׁפָה I) a sword becomes susceptible of uncleanness when it is furbished. Ib. XVI, 1 משיְשוּפם בעור הדג when he smooths them by rubbing with the skin of a fish; Snh.20b; Ned.56b משיְשַׁפֵּם (Rashi משישופם). Kel. l. c. גמר שלא לָשוּף if he decided not to smooth them. Y.Ber.III, 5d bot. לאיזה דבר הוא שָׁפָהּ for what purpose should he polish it? Ḥull.25a, sq.; Tosef.Kel.B. Mets.II, 10. Tosef.Toh.VI, 12 ושָׁפָה את רוקו and she rubbed his spittle off (with her foot); שכן … (להיות) שָׁפוֹתוכ׳ for it is the habit of Israelitish women during menstruation to rub off Y.Sabb.VII, 10b top רוקק ושָׁף he spits on the stone pavement and rubs it out (with his foot). M. Kat. I, 10 שָׁפִין את הסדקין you may plaster over the rifts in the roof (during the festive week). Sabb.XX, 3 ולא שפין אותן nor must you rub them (with the hand to cleanse them). Eduy. I, 8 שורין ושפיןוכ׳ you must observe levitical cleanness when you soak them and rub (your body) with them. Sabb.75b השף בין העמודים he who rubs (smooths skins) between columns; Y. ib. VII, 10c bot. השף את העור על גבי העמוד. Kel. XXX, 1 שָׁפָן בשופין files them with a file. Pes.II, 7 אבל שָׁפָה היאוכ׳ but she may rub (the bran) dry over her body (to soften her skin); a. fr. 2) to run smoothly, glide. Gen. R. s. 6; Midr. Sam. ch. IX. 3) (b. h.) to grind, crush, stamp. Sifré Deut. 315 שיהו הטים שָׁפוֹת זווכ׳ that wheat grains rub against one another and drop, v. סֹלֶת; Yalk. ib. 944.Midr. Till. to Ps. 4:7 וישראל … ואתם באים לָשוּף אותה מן העקב and the Israelites say to them (the gentiles asking for a share in the hereafter), in how many troubles … we surrendered our lives for the sanctification of the Lord, and you want to stamp it (all this good) out of your heels (out of the ground)?; (ed. Bub. אותם על העקב, corr. acc.); Yalk. ib. 627 לשוף עצמיכם מן העקב (corr. acc.).(Midr. Till. to Ps. 92 וישופני עקב, v. שוּף I. Nif. נִישּׁוֹף 1) to be rubbed off, made smooth, level. Tosef.B. Kam.X, מטבע ונ׳ if he took by force a coin, and it became rubbed off (effaced). 2) to be ground, crushed. Tosef.B. Mets. XI, 8 מוציא אדם זבלו … כדי שיִישּׁוֹףוכ׳ a man may take out his material for dung and place it in front of his house, that it may be stamped upon by the feet of man and beast; B. Kam.30a; 81b; B. Mets. 118b כדי שיהא נישוף. B. Kam.28b נשוף באבן (Ms. F. ונושף, read: נִישָּׁף) was smashed against a stone; (Y. ib. III, 3c top נחבט).v. שָׁפַף.

    Jewish literature > שוּף

  • 124 fangen

    n; -s, kein Pl.; (Spiel) catch, Am. tag
    * * *
    to catch; to trap; to entrap; to snare
    * * *
    fạn|gen ['faŋən] pret fi\#ng [fɪŋ] ptp gefa\#ngen [gə'faŋən]
    1. vt
    Tier, Fisch, Verbrecher to catch; Wild to catch, to bag; (mit Fallen) to trap; (fig = überlisten) (durch geschickte Fragen) to trap; (durch Versprechungen etc) to trick; (

    eine ( Ohrfeige etc) fangen (inf)to catch it (Brit inf), to get one (US inf)

    See:
    auch gefangen
    2. vi
    to catch
    3. vr
    1) (in einer Falle) to get caught

    er hat sich in der eigenen Schlinge or Falle gefangen (fig)he was hoist with his own petard

    2) (= das Gleichgewicht wiederfinden) to steady oneself; (beim Reden etc) to recover oneself; (Flugzeug) to straighten out; (seelisch) to get on an even keel again
    3) (= sich verfangen) to get caught (up); (Wind) to get trapped
    * * *
    das
    1) (an act of catching: He took a fine catch behind the wicket.) catch
    2) (to kill (game).) bag
    4) (to stop and hold (something which is moving); to capture: He caught the cricket ball; The cat caught a mouse; Did you catch any fish?; I tried to catch his attention.) catch
    5) (to catch in a trap or by a trick: He lives by trapping animals and selling their fur; She trapped him into admitting that he liked her.) trap
    * * *
    fan·gen
    < fängt, fing, gefangen>
    [ˈfaŋən]
    I. vt
    jdn \fangen to catch [or apprehend] sb
    einen Dieb \fangen to catch a thief
    2. (erjagen)
    etw \fangen to catch sth
    etw \fangen to catch sth
    II. vi
    1. (erhaschen) to catch
    2. (Spiel)
    F\fangen spielen to play catch
    III. vr
    sich akk in etw dat \fangen to be caught in sth
    2. (das Gleichgewicht wiedererlangen)
    sich akk \fangen to catch oneself; (seelisch) to pull oneself together [again]
    * * *
    das; Fangens

    Fangen spielenplay tag or catch

    * * *
    fangen; fängt, fing, hat gefangen
    A. v/t
    1. catch; (Menschen) auch capture; mit Falle: trap; mit Netz: auch net; mit Schlinge: snare;
    sich fangen lassen get caught; gefangen
    2. fig (fesseln) captivate
    3.
    Feuer fangen catch fire; fig be bitten (
    für etwas by, with); (sich verlieben) be smitten;
    für die Fitnessidee Feuer fangen fig be bitten by the fitness bug umg
    4. fig (Kunden, Stimmen) gain; (Lügner etc) trap
    5. südd, österr umg:
    eine fangen (eine Ohrfeige kriegen) cop one, cop it, US get it
    B. v/t & v/i (Ball) catch;
    gut/nicht fangen können be good/no good at catching
    C. v/r
    1. be ( oder get) caught (
    in +dat in);
    der Schmutz fängt sich im Sieb the dirt is caught ( oder collected) in the filter;
    der Wind fing sich im Schornstein the chimney caught the wind
    2. beim Stolpern etc: catch ( oder steady) o.s.; Auto, beim Schleudern: straighten out; Flugzeug: level out
    3. fig:
    sich (wieder) fangen get a grip on o.s. (again), recover one’s equilibrium;
    ich fang mich schon wieder I’ll be all right (in a minute)
    * * *
    das; Fangens

    Fangen spielenplay tag or catch

    * * *
    v.
    (§ p.,pp.: fing, gefangen)
    = to catch v.
    (§ p.,p.p.: caught)
    to snare v.
    to trap v.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > fangen

  • 125 sine

    pron his, her (, stående alene: hers), its, one's ( fx he took his hat; she took her hat; hurt one's finger);
    [ betale (el. svare) enhver sit] pay everyone his due;
    [ det har sine grunde] there are good reasons for it;
    [ gøre sit ( til noget)] do one's share (towards something), do all one can,
    T do one's level best;
    [ passe sit] mind one's own affairs (el. business);
    [ han tænkte sit] he had his own ideas on the subject;
    (se også hver, sag, sted, tid, I. vis).

    Danish-English dictionary > sine

  • 126 культурный

    прил.
    Русское прилагательное культурный относится к разным сферам: к культуре и ее проявлениям, к человеку и его поведению, к растениям и земле. В английском языке этим трем сферам соответствуют отдельные слова.
    1. cultural — культурный (имеющий отношение к культуре, занимающийся вопросами культуры): cultural development — культурное развитие; cultural level — культурный уровень; cultural values — культурные ценности; cultural ties/links — культурные связи; cultural heritage — культурное наследие; cultural program — культурная программа; cultural centre — культурный центр; cultural events/activities — культурные мероприятия They observe the cultural traditions of their society. — Они соблюдают культурные традиции своего общества. The misunderstanding was cultural rather than intellectual. — Это непонимание скорее вызвано разностью культур, а не интеллектуальным различием. The country enjoys a rich and diverse cultural life. — В стране идет разнообразная и богатая культурная жизнь.
    2. cultured — культурный, развитый, образованный (вежливый, культурный человек, много знающий о литературе и искусстве): a cultured mind — развитый ум She is a wellкультурныйread and cultured woman. — Она хорошо начитанная, культурная женщина. After years at the University he became quite a cultured person. — Проведя годы в университете, он стал вполне культурным человеком./Пробыв несколько лет в университете, он пообтесался/За годы в университете он приобрел знания и манеры.
    3. cultivated — культурный, культивированный, обработанный ( о растениях) (может быть также иногда использован в отношении человека с хорошими манерами и правильной речью): cultivated crops — окультуренные злаки/культурные злаки; cultivated wild plants — дикие растения, пересаженные в культурные условия/растения, приспособленные к жизни в других условиях; cultivated land — обработанная земля/пахотная земля It took him years to work out a cultivated accent. — Ему потребовались годы, чтобы выработать правильное произношение.
    4. civilized — культурный, высокообразованный, цивилизованный ( о стране или обществе), вежливый и разумный ( о манерах): civilized society — культурное общество/цивилизованное общество; a civilized country — культурная страна/передовая страна/цивилизованная страна; civilized way of solving conflicts — культурный способ решения конфликтов/цивилизованный способ решения конфликтов; civilized manners — культурные манеры/хорошие манеры; civilized living — культурный быт/благоустроенное жилье (когда есть все необходимое)

    Русско-английский объяснительный словарь > культурный

  • 127 жертвовать жизнью

    1. sacrifice the life
    2. sacrificing the life

    жизнь на море, жизнь морякаlife afloat

    жизнь, полная опасностиprecarious life

    размеренная, спокойная жизньlevel life

    Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > жертвовать жизнью

  • 128 критиковать

    1) General subject: animadvert, attack, be censorious of, be censorious upon, be severe upon, blast, carp, criticise, criticize, damn, potshoot, pull apart, sit in judgement, sit in judgment, slag off, sound off, start in, tee off, tilt (в выступлении, в печати и т. п.), to be censorious of, wade, criticize for (кого-л. за что-л.), bash (I don't want to bash the government, they've been pretty good to us.), take a lot of flak for sth. from sb. (страдат. залог: Его сильно критиковали - Mayor Robertson took a lot of flak for that decision from local residents.), take a shot (at), take shots (at), discommend, subject to criticism, critique, oppose, level criticism at, rubbish, hate on smt
    2) Colloquial: get back (кого-л.), slate, take off (on; кого-л.)
    3) American: slam, smack
    4) Bookish: ultracrepidate
    5) Australian slang: kick( smb.'s) butt in (кого-л.), knock, pick holes in, pick on, pick to pieces (особенно по мелочам), put shit on, throw off at
    6) Diplomatic term: assail, dig at (кого-л.), take a potentiality at (что-л.), tax
    7) Jargon: bitch, let ( someone) have it, on (someone's) back, put the whammy on (someone or something), tee up, get down (Do not get down on me. I didn't do it.Не критикуй меня. Я не делал этого.), dish out, give a lot of stick, bad-mouth, boot, down, knock down, poor-mouth, pop off, put (something or someone) down, put the slug on (someone), sconce (кого-либо), take (someone; something) apart
    9) Makarov: pass judgement on (smb.) (особ. свысока; кого-л.), pass judgement upon (smb.) (особ. свысока; кого-л.), pick (at), pick a hole in (smth.), pick holes in (smth.), pick to apart, pick to pieces, riddle
    10) Taboo: tear somebody's ass (кого-л.)

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > критиковать

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