-
41 chalk
[tʃɔːk] 1. nkreda f2. vtPhrasal Verbs:- chalk up* * *[ o:k]1) (a white rock; a type of limestone.) kreda2) ((a piece of) a chalk-like substance used for writing (especially on blackboards): a box of chalks.) kreda•- chalky- chalkboard -
42 chalkboard
noun (a smooth board, usually green, for writing or drawing on with crayon or chalk.) tablica -
43 cipher
['saɪfə(r)]n* * *(secret writing; a code: The message was written in cipher.) szyfr -
44 close
I 1. [kləus] adj( near)2. advclose to — blisko +gen; friend, relative, ties bliski; writing, print drobny; texture gęsty, ścisły; examination, look dokładny; contest wyrównany; weather parny; room duszny
close to/up — z bliska
II 1. [kləuz] vtclose at hand —
door, window zamykać (zamknąć perf); sale, deal finalizować (sfinalizować perf); conversation, speech zakańczać (zakończyć perf)Phrasal Verbs:- close in2. vi3. nto close (with) — kończyć się (zakończyć się perf) ( +instr)
koniec mthe shops/libraries close on Saturdays at one p.m. — sklepy/biblioteki zamyka się w soboty o trzynastej
* * *I 1. [kləus] adverb1) (near in time, place etc: He stood close to his mother; Follow close behind.) blisko2) (tightly; neatly: a close-fitting dress.) ciasno2. adjective1) (near in relationship: a close friend.) bliski2) (having a narrow difference between winner and loser: a close contest; The result was close.) wyrównany3) (thorough: a close examination of the facts; Keep a close watch on him.) dokładny4) (tight: a close fit.) ciasny5) (without fresh air: a close atmosphere; The weather was close and thundery.) duszny6) (mean: He's very close (with his money).) skąpy7) (secretive: They're keeping very close about the business.) tajemniczy•- closely- closeness
- close call/shave
- close-set
- close-up
- close at hand
- close on
- close to II 1. [kləuz] verb1) (to make or become shut, often by bringing together two parts so as to cover an opening: The baby closed his eyes; Close the door; The shops close on Sundays.) zamykać2) (to finish; to come or bring to an end: The meeting closed with everyone in agreement.) zamykać (się)3) (to complete or settle (a business deal).) zawierać2. noun(a stop, end or finish: the close of day; towards the close of the nineteenth century.) koniec- close up -
45 come
[kʌm]1) ( movement towards) ( on foot) przychodzić (przyjść perf); ( by car etc) przyjeżdżać (przyjechać perf)3) ( reach)to come to — sięgać (sięgnąć perf) or dochodzić (dojść perf) do +gen
to come to power — obejmować (objąć perf) władzę
to come to a decision — podejmować (podjąć perf) decyzję
4) ( occur)5) (be, become)Phrasal Verbs:- come by- come in- come off- come on- come out- come to- come up* * *1. past tense - came; verb1) (to move etc towards the person speaking or writing, or towards the place being referred to by him: Come here!; Are you coming to the dance?; John has come to see me; Have any letters come for me?) przyjść2) (to become near or close to something in time or space: Christmas is coming soon.) nadchodzić3) (to happen or be situated: The letter `d' comes between `c' and è' in the alphabet.) następować4) ((often with to) to happen (by accident): How did you come to break your leg?) stawać się5) (to arrive at (a certain state etc): What are things coming to? We have come to an agreement.) dochodzić6) ((with to) (of numbers, prices etc) to amount (to): The total comes to 51.) czynić2. interjection(expressing disapproval, drawing attention etc: Come, come! That was very rude of you!) Ale ale!, Ejże!, NO no!- comer- coming
- comeback
- comedown
- come about
- come across
- come along
- come by
- come down
- come into one's own
- come off
- come on
- come out
- come round
- come to
- come to light
- come upon
- come up with
- come what may
- to come -
46 commit
[kə'mɪt]vtshe was committed to a hospital/nursing home — umieszczono ją w szpitalu/prywatnym domu opieki
to commit o.s. (to do sth) — zobowiązywać się (zobowiązać się perf) (do zrobienia czegoś)
to commit suicide — popełnić ( perf) samobójstwo
to commit sth to writing — zapisywać (zapisać perf) or notować (zanotować perf) coś
to commit sb for trial — stawiać (postawić perf) kogoś w stan oskarżenia
* * *[kə'mit]past tense, past participle - committed; verb1) (to perform; to do (especially something illegal): He committed the murder when he was drunk.) popełniać2) (to hand over (a person) to an institution etc for treatment, safekeeping etc: committed to prison.) powierzać, osadzać3) (to put (oneself) under a particular obligation: She has committed herself to looking after her dead brother's children till the age of 18.) zobowiązywać się•- committal
- committed -
47 consistent
[kən'sɪstənt]adjconsistent with — zgodny z +instr
* * *[kən'sistənt]1) ((often with with) in agreement (with): The two statements are not consistent; The second statement is not consistent with the first.) zgodny2) (always (acting, thinking or happening) according to the same rules or principles; the same or regular: He was consistent in his attitude; a consistent style of writing.) konsekwentny• -
48 contract
1. nkontrakt m, umowa f2. [kən'trækt] vi( become smaller) kurczyć się (skurczyć się perf); ( COMM)3. vtto contract to do sth — zobowiązywać się (zobowiązać się perf) w drodze umowy do zrobienia czegoś
Phrasal Verbs:4. cpdcontract of employment/service — umowa o pracę
* * *1. [kən'trækt] verb1) (to make or become smaller, less, shorter, tighter etc: Metals expand when heated and contract when cooled; `I am' is often contracted to `I'm'; Muscles contract.) kurczyć (się), zmniejszać (się), skracać (się)2) ( to promise legally in writing: They contracted to supply us with cable.) podejmować się3) (to become infected with (a disease): He contracted malaria.) zarażać się4) (to promise (in marriage).) zobowiązywać się2. ['kontrækt] noun(a legal written agreement: He has a four-year contract (of employment) with us; The firm won a contract for three new aircraft.) kontrakt, umowa- contractor -
49 dash
[dæʃ] 1. n( small quantity) odrobina f; ( sign) myślnik m, kreska f; ( journey) wypad m; ( run)2. vt 3. vito make a dash for/towards — rzucać się (rzucić się perf) do +gen /w stronę +gen
to dash towards — rzucać się (rzucić się perf) w kierunku or w stronę +gen
Phrasal Verbs:- dash off* * *[dæʃ] 1. verb1) (to move with speed and violence: A man dashed into a shop.) rzucać się pędem2) (to knock, throw etc violently, especially so as to break: He dashed the bottle to pieces against the wall.) roztrzaskiwać3) (to bring down suddenly and violently or to make very depressed: Our hopes were dashed.) niweczyć2. noun1) (a sudden rush or movement: The child made a dash for the door.) rzut, skok2) (a small amount of something, especially liquid: whisky with a dash of soda.) odrobina, kropelka3) ((in writing) a short line (-) to show a break in a sentence etc.) myślnik4) (energy and enthusiasm: All his activities showed the same dash and spirit.) werwa•- dashing- dash off -
50 delete
-
51 desk
[dɛsk]n( in office) biurko nt; ( for pupil) ławka f; ( in hotel) recepcja f; ( at airport) informacja f; ( BRIT) (in shop, restaurant) kasa f* * *[desk](a piece of furniture, often like a table, for sitting at while writing, reading etc: She kept the pile of letters in a drawer in her desk.) biurko -
52 digress
[daɪ'grɛs]vito digress from — ( topic) odbiegać (odbiec perf) od +gen
* * *(to wander from the point, or from the main subject in speaking or writing.) robić dygresje -
53 dissertation
[dɪsə'teɪʃən]nrozprawa f, dysertacja f* * *[disə'teiʃən](a long formal talk or piece of writing (for a university degree etc).) rozprawa -
54 dyslexia
[dɪs'lɛksɪə]n* * *[dis'leksiə](a difficulty with reading or writing that some people have because they are unable to see words as meaningful shapes or the differences between letters.) dysleksja- dyslexic -
55 eke
-
56 emphasis
['ɛmfəsɪs]pl emphases, nnacisk mto lay/place emphasis on sth ( fig) — kłaść (położyć perf) nacisk na coś
* * *['emfəsis]plural - emphases; noun1) (stress put on certain words in speaking etc; greater force of voice used in words or parts of words to make them more noticeable: In writing we sometimes underline words to show emphasis.) emfaza2) (force; firmness: `I do not intend to go,' he said with emphasis.) nacisk3) (importance given to something: He placed great emphasis on this point.) nacisk•- emphasise
- emphatic
- emphatically -
57 employ
[ɪm'plɔɪ]vt* * *[im'ploi]1) (to give (especially paid) work to: He employs three typists; She is employed as a teacher.) zatrudniać2) (to occupy the time or attention of: She was busily employed (in) writing letters.) zająć (się)3) (to make use of: You should employ your time better.) wykorzystać•- employed- employee
- employee
- employer
- employment -
58 erratum
plural - errata; noun(an error in writing or printing: The errata are listed at the beginning of the book.) błąd w druku -
59 eulogy
['juːlədʒɪ]n* * *['ju:lə‹i]plural - eulogies; noun((a speech or piece of writing containing) high praise.) pochwała -
60 excuse
1. [ɪks'kjuːs] n( justification) usprawiedliwienie nt, wytłumaczenie nt; ( untrue) wymówka f; ( reason (not) to do sth) pretekst m2. [ɪks'kjuːz] vt( justify) usprawiedliwiać (usprawiedliwić perf), tłumaczyć (wytłumaczyć perf); ( forgive) wybaczać (wybaczyć perf)to excuse sb from doing sth — zwalniać (zwolnić perf) kogoś z robienia czegoś
if you will excuse me — jeśli Pan/Pani pozwoli
to excuse o.s. for sth/for doing sth — tłumaczyć się (wytłumaczyć się perf) z czegoś/ze zrobienia czegoś
* * *1. [ik'skju:z] verb1) (to forgive or pardon: Excuse me - can you tell me the time?; I'll excuse your carelessness this time.) wybaczać2) (to free (someone) from a task, duty etc: May I be excused from writing this essay?) zwolnić2. [ik'skju:s] noun(a reason (given by oneself) for being excused, or a reason for excusing: He has no excuse for being so late.) wytłumaczenie, usprawiedliwienie
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