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1 izkopati
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2 kopati
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3 prekopati
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4 kopati
kopati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `dig'Page in Trubačev: XI 18-20Old Church Slavic:Russian:kopát `dig' [verb]Czech:Slovak:Polish:kopać `dig' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:kòpati `dig' [verb], kȍpām [1sg];Čak. kopȁti (Vrgada) `dig' [verb], kȍpå̑š [2sg];Čak. kopȁt (Orbanići) `dig, cultivate (land)' [verb], kopȃn [1sg]Slovene:kópati `dig' [verb], kǫ́pljem [1sg];kopáti `dig' [verb], kopȃm [1sg]Bulgarian:kopája `dig' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: (s)kop-Lithuanian:kapóti `chop, hew' [verb]Latvian:Old Prussian:Indo-European reconstruction: (s)kop-Page in Pokorny: 930Other cognates: -
5 rỳti
rỳti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `dig, root'Old Church Slavic:Church Slavic:Russian:Czech:rýti `dig' [verb]Slovak:Polish:ryć `dig' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:rȉti `dig' [verb], rȉjēm [1sg]Slovene:ríti `root, dig' [verb], rȋjem [1sg]Bulgarian:ríja `root, dig' [verb]Lithuanian:ráuti `tear out, pull' [verb]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: (H)ruH-Other cognates:Lat. rūta caesa `minerals and timber already quarried and felled at the time an estate is put up for sale' [Nompn];OIc. rýja `tear out wool' [verb] -
6 greti
greti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `dig, scrape, rake'Page in Trubačev: VII 109-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:grestí `row, rake' [verb], grebú [1sg], grebët [3sg]Czech:hře(b)sti `bury' [verb]Old Czech:hřésti `bury' [verb], hřebu [1sg]Slovak:Polish:grześć `bury' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:grèpsti `scrape, scratch' [verb], grèbēm [1sg];Čak. grȅs (Orbanići) `scratch' [verb], grebȅn [1sg]Slovene:grébsti `dig, comb' [verb], grébem [1sg]Bulgarian:grebá `spoon, scoop, rake, row' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: grebteiLithuanian:grė́bti `rake, seize, rob' [verb] \{1\}Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: gʰrebʰ-teiOther cognates:Skt. gr̯bʰṇā́ti `seize, take, hold' [verb];Notes:\{1\} The acute root vowel is analogical after gróbti `seize' (Derksen 1996: 321-322). -
7 bostì
bostì Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `stab, sting'Page in Trubačev: II 222-223Old Church Slavic:Russian:bostí (Kalin. obl.) `butt' [verb]Czech:Old Czech:Polish:bóść `stab, butt' [verb], bodę [1sg]Serbo-Croatian:bòsti `sting, prick, stab' [verb], bòdēm [1sg];Čak. bȍsti (Vrgada) `sting, prick, stab' [verb], bodȅš [2sg];Čak. bȍs (Orbanići) `sting, prick, stab' [verb], bodȅn [1sg]Slovene:bósti `stab, butt' [verb], bódem [1sg]Lithuanian:bèsti `stick, drive (into), dig' [verb], bẽda [3sg] \{1\}Indo-European reconstruction: bʰodʰ-IE meaning: stabPage in Pokorny: 113Other cognates:Notes: -
8 dьlbiti
dьlbiti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `hollow, chisel'Page in Trubačev: V 206Russian:dolbíti `hollow, chisel' [verb], dolbljú [1sg], dolbít [3sg]Serbo-Croatian:dúbiti `hollow, chisel' [verb]Indo-European reconstruction: dʰlbʰ -Page in Pokorny: 246Comments: Verb in *- iti containing the zero grade of * dʰelbʰ- `dig'. Like Adams (1999: 738), I consider the etymological relationship with Toch. B tsälp- `free (from)' doubtful.Other cognates: -
9 dьlti
dьlti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `hollow, chisel'Page in Trubačev: V 206Church Slavic:Russian:dolbíti `hollow, chisel' [verb], dolbljú [1sg], dolbít [3sg]Old Russian:Czech:Slovak:dĺbst' (dial.) `hollow, chisel, dig into' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:dúpsti `hollow, chisel' [verb], dúbēm [1sg]Slovene:dóɫbsti `hollow, chisel' [verb], dóɫbem [1sg]Indo-European reconstruction: dʰlbʰ-teiPage in Pokorny: 246Other cognates: -
10 gribati
gribati Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: VII 109-110Russian:gríbat'sja (arch., dial.) `frown, become angry, pull faces' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:Bulgarian:gríbam (dial.) `bury' [verb]Other cognates:Skt. gr̯bʰṇā́ti `seize, take, hold' [verb]; -
11 bādàti
bādàti Grammatical information: v.Page in Trubačev: I 121-122Old Russian:Ukrainian:badáty `investigate, test' [verb]Czech:bádati `investigate' [verb]Slovak:bádat' `investigate' [verb]Polish:badać `investigate, check' [verb]Slovincian:bȧ̃dăc `push' [verb]Lower Sorbian:badaś `investigate' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:bádati `prick, go slowly' [verb], bȃdam [1sg]Lithuanian:badýti `stab' [verb], bãdo [3ps]Indo-European reconstruction: An iterative with long root vocalism (-> bostì).Page in Pokorny: 113Other cognates: -
12 bedrò
bedrò; bedra Grammatical information: n. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `thigh'Page in Trubačev: I 175-176, 179-180Old Church Slavic:Church Slavic:Russian:bedró `thigh, hip' [n o];bedrá (dial.) `thigh' [f ā]Old Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:bèdro `thigh' [n o];bȅdra `thigh' [f ā];Čak. bedrȁ (Vrgada) `thigh' [f ā], bȅdru [Accs]Slovene:bédrọ `thigh' [n o];bédra `thigh' [f ā]Bulgarian:bedró `thigh' [n o]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰedʰ-rómComments: The etymology of this word is unclear. The connection with Ukr. dial. bedrá `large pit, valley, swamp', Pl. ubiedrze `slope, steep bank' and Lith. bẽdrė `swamp, valley', Latv. bedre `pit' (Anikin 1998: 30-31), which derive from *bʰedʰ- `to dig', is semantically unattractive. Pokorny's reconstruction of a root *bed- `to swell' (IEW: 96) is impossible because of Winter's law. -
13 bedra
bedrò; bedra Grammatical information: n. o; f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `thigh'Page in Trubačev: I 175-176, 179-180Old Church Slavic:Church Slavic:Russian:bedró `thigh, hip' [n o];bedrá (dial.) `thigh' [f ā]Old Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Polish:Serbo-Croatian:bèdro `thigh' [n o];bȅdra `thigh' [f ā];Čak. bedrȁ (Vrgada) `thigh' [f ā], bȅdru [Accs]Slovene:bédrọ `thigh' [n o];bédra `thigh' [f ā]Bulgarian:bedró `thigh' [n o]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰedʰ-rómComments: The etymology of this word is unclear. The connection with Ukr. dial. bedrá `large pit, valley, swamp', Pl. ubiedrze `slope, steep bank' and Lith. bẽdrė `swamp, valley', Latv. bedre `pit' (Anikin 1998: 30-31), which derive from *bʰedʰ- `to dig', is semantically unattractive. Pokorny's reconstruction of a root *bed- `to swell' (IEW: 96) is impossible because of Winter's law. -
14 bodàti
bodàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `stab, sting'Page in Trubačev: II 122-122Russian:bodát' `butt' [verb], bodáju [1sg]Czech:Slovak:Slovene:bọ̑dati `sting, stitch' [verb], bọ̑dam [1sg]Bulgarian:bodá `stab, feel a sharp pain' [verb]Lithuanian:badýti `butt, prick' [verb], bãdo [3ps]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰodʰ-IE meaning: stabPage in Pokorny: 113Comments: The ESSJa mentions forms reflecting * bodati under * badati because the o-vocalism is assumed to be analogical. Since in general *bodàti is also semantically closer to bostì (the meaning `investigate' is limited to bādàti) and in some languages occurs alongside *bādàti, it is perhaps more accurate to say that it is a recent formation.Other cognates: -
15 česàti
česàti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `comb, scratch'Page in Trubačev: IV 85-87Old Church Slavic:Russian:česát' `scratch, comb' [verb], češú [1sg], čéšet [3sg]Czech:Slovak:Polish:czesać `comb, hackle' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:čèsati `scratch, comb' [verb], čȅšēm [1sg];Čak. česȁti (Vrgada) `scratch' [verb], čȅšeš [2sg];Čak. česȁt (Orbanići) `comb' [verb], čȅšen [1sg]Slovene:čésati `tear, scratch, comb' [verb], čẹ́šem [1sg]Lithuanian:kàsti `dig, rake' [verb]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: kes-Page in Pokorny: 585Other cognates:OIr. cír `comb' [f]; -
16 deltò
deltò Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `chisel'Page in Trubačev: IV 205Serbo-Croatian:dlijèto `chisel' [n o];Čak. lītȍ (Vrgada) `chisel' [n o], lĩtå̑ [Nom p];Čak. lētȍ (Novi) `chisel' [n o], léta [Nom p];Čak. dlietȍ (Orbanići) `chisel' [n o], dliẽta [Nom p]Slovene:dlẹ́tọ `chisel' [n o] \{1\}Bulgarian:dletó `chisel' [n o]Page in Pokorny: 246Comments: Variant with e-vocalism of -> *doltò. The ESSJa adduces Cz. dletko (Kott) `edge of a plane' to show that *delbtò is not limited to South Slavic. It seems plausible that the e-grade is analogical after the verb, but it must be admitted that * delbti is hardly attested. The only form mentoned in the ESSJa (IV: 205) is Čak. dlisti.Other cognates:Notes:\{1\} Pleteršnik actually has dlétọ, which is probably a misprint. -
17 dętelъ
dętelъ Grammatical information: m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `woodpecker'Page in Trubačev: V 27-28Russian:djátel `woodpecker' [m o], djátela [Gens]Czech:Slovak:Polish:dzięcioɫ `woodpecker' [m o], dzięcioɫa [Gens]Serbo-Croatian:djètao `woodpecker' [m o], djètla [Gens];Čak. dȅtelj (Orbanići) `woodpecker' [m jo], dȅtelja [Gens]Slovene:dę́tǝɫ `woodpecker' [m o], dę́tla [Gens];dę́telj `woodpecker' [m jo]Indo-European reconstruction: dʰ(e)lbʰ-tel- -
18 doltò
doltò Grammatical information: n. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `chisel'Page in Trubačev: V 60-61Russian:dolotó `chisel' [n o]Czech:dláto `chisel' [n o]Slovak:dláto `chisel' [n o]Polish:Bulgarian:dlató `chisel' [n o];dletó `chisel' [n o]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: dolbtóOld Prussian:dalptan `punch, instrument for punching holes'Page in Pokorny: 246Other cognates: -
19 gràbiti
gràbiti Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `seize, grab'Page in Trubačev: VII 97Old Church Slavic:Russian:grábit' `rob, rake' [verb]Polish:grabić `rake, gather' [verb]Serbo-Croatian:grȁbiti `seize, grab, rake' [verb];Čak. grȁbiti (Vrgada) `seize, grab, rake' [verb];Čak. grȁbit (Orbanići) `rake' [verb]Slovene:grábiti `seize, grab, rake' [verb], grȃbim [1sg]Bulgarian:grábja `rob, ramsack, snatch' [verb]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: groʔb-Lithuanian:gróbti `seize' [verb]Latvian:Indo-European reconstruction: gʰreb-Comments: In Balto-Slavic and Germanic, the roots *gʰrebʰ- `dig, rake' and *gʰreb- `seize, grab' were mixed up to a considerable degree (Kortlandt 1988, Derksen 1991: 321-322).Other cognates:OIc. grápa `seize' [verb] -
20 pāxàti
pāxàti II Grammatical information: v. Accent paradigm: bRussian:paxát' `plough, till' [verb], pašú [1sg], pášet [3sg]Czech:Slovak:páchat' `accomplish, perform' [verb]Polish:pachać `dig, cause harm' [verb]
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