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121 air
air [eə(r)]1 noun∎ I need some (fresh) air j'ai besoin de prendre l'air;∎ I went out for a breath of (fresh) air je suis sorti prendre l'air;∎ literary to take the air prendre le frais;∎ the divers came up for air les plongeurs sont remontés à la surface pour respirer;∎ figurative I need a change of air j'ai besoin de changer d'air;∎ to disappear or vanish into thin air se volatiliser, disparaître sans laisser de traces∎ the smoke rose into the air la fumée s'éleva vers le ciel;∎ to throw sth up into the air lancer qch en l'air;∎ to fly through the air voler ou voltiger en l'air;∎ seen from the air, the fields looked like a chessboard vus d'avion, les champs ressemblaient à un échiquier;∎ to travel by air voyager par avion;∎ mail that is sent by air le courrier (envoyé) par avion∎ to be on (the) air (person) être à ou avoir l'antenne; (programme) être à l'antenne; (station) émettre;∎ you're on the air vous avez l'antenne;∎ the station goes off the air at midnight les programmes finissent à minuit(e) (manner, expression) air m;∎ he has an air about him il en impose;∎ there is an air of mystery about her elle a un air mystérieux;∎ with a triumphant air d'un air triomphant;∎ she smiled with a knowing air elle sourit d'un air entendu(b) (express → opinion, grievance) exprimer, faire connaître; (→ suggestion, idea) exprimer, avancer∎ the film airs next week le film sera diffusé la semaine prochaine∎ to put on or to give oneself airs se donner de grands airs;∎ British airs and graces minauderies fpl∎ there's a rumour in the air that they're going to sell le bruit court qu'ils vont vendre;∎ there's something in the air il se trame quelque chose;∎ everything's up in the air (uncertain) rien n'a été décidé pour l'instant;∎ our holiday plans are still (up) in the air nos projets de vacances sont encore assez vagues;∎ the project is still very much (up) in the air le projet n'est encore qu'à l'état d'ébauche ou est encore vague►► air alert alerte f aérienne;air ambulance avion m sanitaire;air bladder vessie f natatoire;Building industry air brick brique f creuse;air cargo fret m aérien;Technology air chamber chambre f à air;British Military air commodore ≃ général m de brigade aérienne, French Canadian ≃ brigadier-général m;air compressor compresseur m d'air;Aviation air corridor couloir m aérien;Meteorology air current courant m atmosphérique;Technology air curtain store m d'air (chaud ou froid);Technology air cylinder cylindre m à air comprimé;Technology air duct conduite f d'air, amenée f d'air;Aviation air ferry avion m transbordeur;air filter filtre m à air;Aviation air freighter avion-cargo m;Chemistry air freshener désodorisant m (pour la maison);Technology air gauge micromètre m pneumatique;air hostess hôtesse f de l'air;Aviation air lane couloir m aérien ou de navigation aérienne;Aviation air letter aérogramme m;Aviation air link liaison f aérienne;British Military air marshal ≃ général m de corps aérien, French Canadian & Belgian ≃ lieutenant-général m;Meteorology air mass masse f d'air;air mattress matelas m pneumatique;Aviation air mile mille m marin;air miles = points que l'on peut accumuler lors de certains achats et qui permettent de bénéficier de réductions sur des billets d'avion;∎ to collect air miles accumuler des points;History Air Ministry ≃ Ministère m de l'Air;Aviation air miss quasicollision f (aérienne);Technology air passage conduit m aérifère;Technology air pistol pistolet m à air comprimé;Botany air plant plante f aéricole, (plante f) épiphyte m;air pocket Meteorology & Aviation (affecting plane) trou m d'air; Technology (in pipe) poche f d'air;Ecology air pollution pollution f atmosphérique;Meteorology & Technology air pressure pression f atmosphérique;Technology air pressure gauge manomètre m;Technology air pump compresseur m, pompe f à air;Meteorology Air Quality Index indice m de pollution de l'air;Aviation air rage = comportement agressif de certains passagers d'avion;Military air raid attaque f aérienne, raid m aérien;Technology air rifle carabine f à air comprimé;Aviation air route route f aérienne;Aviation air service liaison f aérienne;Golf air shot air-shot m;Astrology air sign signe m d'air;air speed vitesse f du vol;Military air supremacy suprématie f aérienne;Aviation air tanker avitailleur m;Aviation air taxi avion-taxi m;Meteorology air temperature température f ambiante;Aviation air terminal aérogare f;Aviation air ticket billet m d'avion;Aviation air traffic circulation f aérienne, trafic m aérien;Aviation air transport transport m aérien ou par avion;Aviation air travel voyages mpl en avion;air travel organiser organisateur m de voyages par avion;Technology air valve soupape f (pour l'air);British Military air vice-marshal ≃ général m de division aérienne, French Canadian ≃ major-général m, Belgian ≃ général-major;Military air war guerre f aérienne;Commerce air waybill lettre f de transport aérien, connaissement m aérien -
122 Land, Edwin Herbert
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 7 May 1909 Bridgeport, Connecticut, USAd. 1 March 1991 Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA[br]American scientist and inventor of the Polaroid instant-picture process.[br]Edwin Land's career began when, as a Harvard undergraduate in the late 1920s, he became interested in the possibility of developing a polarizing filter in the form of a thin sheet, to replace the crystal and stacked-glass devices then in use, which were expensive, cumbersome and limited in size. He succeeded in creating a material in which minute anisotropic iodine crystals were oriented in line, producing an efficient polarizer that was patented in 1929. After presenting the result of his researches in a Physics Department colloquium at Harvard, he left to form a partnership with George Wheelwright to manufacture the new material, which was seen to have applications as diverse as anti-glare car headlights, sunglasses, and viewing filters for stereoscopic photographs and films. In 1937 he founded the Polaroid Corporation and developed the Vectograph process, in which self-polarized photographic images could be printed, giving a stereoscopic image when viewed through polarizing viewers. Land's most significant invention, the instant picture, was stimulated by his three-year-old daughter. As he took a snapshot of her, she asked why she could not see the picture at once. He began to research the possibility, and on 21 February 1947 he demonstrated a system of one-step photography at a meeting of the Optical Society of America. Using the principle of diffusion transfer of the image, it produced a photograph in one minute. The Polaroid Land camera was launched on 26 November 1948. The original sepia-coloured images were soon replaced by black and white and, in 1963, by Polacolor instant colour film. The original peel-apart "wet" process was superseded in 1972 with the introduction of the SX-70 camera with dry picture units which developed in the light. The instant colour movie system Polavision, introduced in 1978, was less successful and was one of his few commercial failures.Land died in March 1991, after a career in which he had been honoured by countless scien-tific and academic bodies and had received the Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honour in America.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMedal of Freedom.BC -
123 analysis
1. ана/ лиз2. про/ба3. хими/ ческий соста/в4. расчёт6. определе/ ние (see also determination)absorption spectroscopic analysis — абсорбцио/ нный спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
activation analysis — ра/ диоактивацио/ нный ана/ лиз
adsorption analysis — адсорбцио/ нный ана/ лиз
amperometric analysis — ампе/ рометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
atomic spectrum analysis — а/ томный спектра/ льный ана/лиз, а/ томная спектроскопи/я
capillary analysis — капилля/ рный ана/ лиз
chemical analysis — 1) хими/ ческий ана/ лиз 2) хими/ ческий соста/в
chromatographic analysis — хроматографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
colorimetric analysis — колориметри/ ческий ана/ лиз
conductometric analysis — кондуктометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
coulometric analysis — кулонометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
crystallographic analysis — кристаллографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
diffraction analysis — структу/ рный ана/ лиз
diffusion analysis — диффузио/ нный ана/ лиз
dropping analysis — ка/ пельный ана/ лиз
elastic-plastic stress analysis — упру/ гопласти/ ческий ана/ лиз напряже/ ний
electrocapillary analysis — эле/ ктрокапилля/ рный ана/ лиз
electron beam microprobe analysis — электро/ нно-лучево/ й микрозо/ ндовый ана/ лиз
electron microprobe analysis — электро/ нный микрозо/ ндовый ана/ лиз
elementary analysis — элемента/ рный ана/лиз, экспре/ сс-ана/ лиз
emission spectrochemical analysis — эмиссио/ нный спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
emission spectrographical analysis — эмиссио/ нный спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
extraction analysis — экстракцио/ нный ана/ лиз
fatigue statistical analysis — статисти/ ческий ана/ лиз характери/ стик выно/ сливости
filter-paper analysis — ка/ пельный ана/ лиз
flame-photometric analysis — пла/ менно-фотометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
fluometric analysis — флуорометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
fluorescence analysis — люминесце/нтный [флуоресце/нтный] ана/ лиз
fractographic analysis — фрактографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
fracture-mechanics analysis — ана/ лиз меха/ ники разруше/ ния
heat-transfer analysis — ана/лиз [расчёт] те/ плопереда/чи
infrared analysis — ана/ лиз ме/ тодом инфракра/сной [ИК-] дефектоскопи/и, инфракра/ сный ана/лиз [спектроскопи/я]
infrared spectrophotometric analysis — инфракра/ сный спе/ ктрофотометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
isotope dilution analysis — ана/ лиз ме/ тодом изото/ пного разбавле/ ния
macromechanical analysis — определе/ ние ма/ кромехани/ ческих характери/ стик материа/ла, ма/ кромехани/ ческий ана/ лиз
mass-spectral analysis — ма/ сс-спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
material analysis — ана/лиз [иссле/дование] материа/ла
micromechanical analysis — определе/ ние ми/ кромехани/ ческих характери/ стик материа/ла
micromechanical stress analysis — ми/ кромехани/ ческий ана/ лиз напряже/ ний
microprobe analysis — микрозо/ ндовый ана/ лиз
microroentgen spectral analysis — микрорентге/ но-спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
microstructural analysis — иссле/дование [ана/лиз] ми/ крострукту/ры, ми/ крострукту/ рный ана/ лиз
moire stress analysis — иссле/ дование напряже/ ний ме/ тодом муа/ ровых поло/с
molecular chromatographic analysis — молекуля/ рный хроматографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
molecular spectrum analysis — молекуля/ рный спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
NDT analysis — иссле/ дование ме/ тодом неразруша/ ющего контро/ля
netting analysis — расчёт укла/ дки (воло/ кон)
neutron-activation analysis — нейтро/ нный активацио/ нный ана/ лиз
optical stress analysis — поляризацио/ нно-опти/ ческий ана/ лиз напряже/ ний
particle-size analysis — гранулометри/ческий [си/товый] ана/ лиз
partition chromatographic analysis — распредели/ тельный хроматографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
performance analysis — ана/ лиз характери/ стик (материа/ла)
photocolorimetric analysis — фо/ токолориметри/ ческий ана/ лиз
photoelastic analysis — ме/ тод фотоупру/гости, поляризацио/ нно-опти/ ческий ана/ лиз
photoelastic stress analysis — ана/ лиз напряже/ ний поляризацио/ нно-опти/ ческим ме/ тодом
photoelastic thermal stress analysis — ана/ лиз терми/ ческих напряже/ ний поляризацио/ нно-опти/ ческим ме/ тодом
photoviscoelastic analysis — ме/ тод фо/ товязкоупру/ гости
polarographic analysis — полярографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
proximate analysis — 1) приближённый ана/ лиз 2) экспре/ сс-ана/ лиз
radioactivation analysis — радиоактивацио/ нный ана/ лиз
radioactive analysis — радиоакти/ вный ана/ лиз
radiochemical analysis — радиохими/ ческий ана/ лиз
radiographic analysis — рентгенографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
radiometric analysis — радиометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
rapid analysis — экспре/ сс-ана/ лиз
rheological analysis — ана/ лиз реологи/ ческих сво/ йств
screen analysis — гранулометри/ческий [си/товый] ана/ лиз
sedimentation analysis — седиментацио/ нный ана/ лиз
sedimentometric analysis — седиме/ нтометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
shell analysis — расчёт оболо/ чек
sieve analysis — гранулометри/ческий [си/товый] ана/ лиз
sieving analysis — гранулометри/ческий [си/товый] ана/ лиз
size analysis — гранулометри/ческий [си/товый] ана/ лиз
spectral analysis — спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
spectrochemical analysis — спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
spectгоgraphic analysis — спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
spectroscopic analysis — спектра/ льный ана/ лиз
spectrophotometric analysis — спе/ ктрофотометри/ ческий ана/ лиз
spectrum analysis — 1) спектра/ льный анализ 2) спектроскопи/я
strength analysis — расчёт на про/ чность
structural analysis — расчёт на про/ чность
theoretical stress analysis — 1) теорети/ ческий ана/ лиз напряже/ ний 2) теорети/ ческий расчёт на про/ чность
thermal analysis — ана/ лиз терми/ ческих сво/ йств
thermal gravimetric analysis — термогравиметри/ ческий ана/ лиз
thermal stress analysis — расчёт терми/ ческих напряже/ ний
thermodynamic analysis — термодинами/ ческий ана/ лиз
thermoelastic analysis — термоупру/ гий ана/ лиз
thermogravimetric analysis — те/ рмогравиметри/ ческий ана/ лиз
thin-film microprobe analysis — тонкоплёночный микрозо/ ндовый ана/ лиз
trace analysis — ана/ лиз следо/в (включе/ ний)
ultra-trace analysis — ана/ лиз у/ льтраследо/в (включе/ ний)
vibration analysis — 1) дефе/ ктоскопи/ я ме/ тодом колеба/ ний 2) иссле/ дование вибра/ ций
visco-elastic stress analysis — вя/ зкоупру/ гий ана/ лиз напряже/ ний
volumetric analysis — объёмный ана/ лиз
X-гау analysis — рентге/ новский ана/ лиз
X-ray absorption analysis — абсорбцио/ нный рентге/ носпектра/ льный ана/ лиз
X-ray crystal analysis — рентге/ нострукту/ рный ана/ лиз
X-ray diffraction analysis — рентге/ нострукту/ рный ана/ лиз
X-ray powder diffraction analysis — рентге/ нострукту/ рный порошко/ вый дифракцио/ нный ана/ лиз
X-ray spectrochemical analysis — рентге/ носпектра/ льный ана/ лиз
X-ray spectrographs analysis — рентге/ носпектрографи/ ческий ана/ лиз
X-ray spectrum analysis — рентге/ носпектра/ льный ана/ лиз
X-ray structure analysis — рентге/ нострукту/ рный ана/ лиз
English-Russian dictionary of aviation and space materials > analysis
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124 HAL
"A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms." -
125 hardware abstraction layer
"A thin layer of software provided by the hardware manufacturer that hides, or abstracts, hardware differences from higher layers of the operating system. By means of the filter provided by the HAL, different types of hardware look alike to the rest of the operating system. This enables the operating system to be portable from one hardware platform to another. The HAL also provides routines that enable a single device driver to support the same device on all platforms."English-Arabic terms dictionary > hardware abstraction layer
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126 kuru
"1. dry; dried. 2. dead (plant). 3. emaciated, thin. 4. bare, unadorned, unfurnished. 5. empty, hollow, vain, meaningless. 6. dry, unfeeling, curt (utterance). 7. slang hashish, hash. - başına all alone. - başına kalmak to be left without friends or relatives, be all on one´s own. - çeşme dry fountain. - duvar dry wall. - ekmek dry bread, bread eaten with nothing else. - erik prune. - fasulye 1. dried beans. 2. a dish made of stewed dried beans. - filtre dry filter (for an air conditioner). - gürültü 1. meaningless excitement, much ado about nothing. 2. bluster, empty talk. - hava dry air. - havuz naut. dry dock, floating dock, floating dry dock. - iftira sheer calumny. - incir dried fig. - kafes mere skeleton, skin and bones. - kalabalık 1. crowd of idle onlookers. 2. useless and worn-out things, junk. -da kalmak naut. (for a ship or boat) to be grounded at low tide. - kaymak clotted cream, Devonshire cream. - köfte grilled meat patty. - kuruya uselessly, in vain. - kuyu dry well, cesspool, sink. - laf empty promise(s). - laf karın doyurmaz. proverb Empty promises don´t fill one´s belly. - meyve bot. nut. - ot 1. hay. 2. dried herb. - öksürük dry cough. - poğaça a flaky, savory pastry. - sıkı 1. blank (shot). 2. bluff, empty threat. - sıkı atmak to utter empty threats. - soğuk dry cold. - tahtada kalmak to be left without a stick of furniture in one´s house. - tekne hull, hulk. - temizleme dry cleaning. - temizleyici dry cleaner. - üzüm raisins. - vaat empty promise. -nun yanında/arasında yaş da yanar. proverb Sometimes the innocent suffer along with the guilty. - yemiş 1. dried fruit. 2. (edible) nuts. - yemişçi seller of dried fruit and nuts." -
127 каталитический конвертер
каталитический конвертер
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
catalytic converter
Catalytic converters are designed to clean up the exhaust fumes from petrol-driven vehicles, which are otherwise the major threat to air quality standards in congested urban streets and on motorways. Converters remove carbon monoxide, the unburned hydrocarbons and the oxides of nitrogen. These compounds are damaging to human health and the environment in a variety of ways. The converter is attached to the vehicle' s exhaust near the engine. Exhaust gases pass through the cellular ceramic substrate, a honeycomb-like filter. While compact, the intricate honeycomb structure provides a surface area of 23.000 square metres. This is coated with a thin layer of platinum, palladium and rhodium metals, which act as catalysts that simulate a reaction to changes in the chemical composition of the gases. Platinum and palladium convert hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water vapour. Rhodium changes nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons into nitrogen and water, which are harmless. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > каталитический конвертер
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128 pot catalytique
каталитический конвертер
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
catalytic converter
Catalytic converters are designed to clean up the exhaust fumes from petrol-driven vehicles, which are otherwise the major threat to air quality standards in congested urban streets and on motorways. Converters remove carbon monoxide, the unburned hydrocarbons and the oxides of nitrogen. These compounds are damaging to human health and the environment in a variety of ways. The converter is attached to the vehicle' s exhaust near the engine. Exhaust gases pass through the cellular ceramic substrate, a honeycomb-like filter. While compact, the intricate honeycomb structure provides a surface area of 23.000 square metres. This is coated with a thin layer of platinum, palladium and rhodium metals, which act as catalysts that simulate a reaction to changes in the chemical composition of the gases. Platinum and palladium convert hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide and water vapour. Rhodium changes nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons into nitrogen and water, which are harmless. (Source: WRIGHT)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Франко-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > pot catalytique
См. также в других словарях:
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