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1 República Federal Alemana
Ex. The author compares the library and information systems of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FDR).* * *Ex: The author compares the library and information systems of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FDR).
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2 Allemagne
Allemagne [almaɲ]feminine noun• l'ex-Allemagne de l'Ouest/de l'Est the former West/East Germany* * *almaɲnom propre féminin Germany* * *almaɲ nfen Allemagne [habiter] — in Germany, [aller] to Germany
* * *Allemagne ⇒ Les États, les pays et les continents nprf Germany; la République fédérale d'Allemagne the Federal Republic of Germany; les deux Allemagnes the two Germanies; l'Allemagne unie unified Germany; l'ancienne Allemagne de l'Est the former East Germany.[almaɲ] nom propre féminin -
3 República Democrática Alemana
Ex. The author compares the library and information systems of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FDR).* * *Ex: The author compares the library and information systems of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FDR).
* * *( frml)( Hist) German Democratic Republic -
4 Bundesrepublik
f: Bundesrepublik Deutschland / Österreich Federal Republic of Germany / Austria* * *die BundesrepublikFederal Republic* * *Bụn|des|re|pub|likfFederal RepublicBundesrepublik Deutschland — Federal Republic of Germany
* * *Bun·des·re·pub·likf federal republicdie \Bundesrepublik Deutschland the Federal Republic of Germany* * *die federal republic•• Cultural note:Short form of the official name of the German state, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Federal Republic of Germany). Before reunification, the shortened form was used to distinguish the West German state from the East German GDR (German Democratic republic), but it is now commonly used to refer to the reunified state* * *Bundesrepublik Deutschland/Österreich Federal Republic of Germany/Austria* * *die federal republic•• Cultural note:Short form of the official name of the German state, Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Federal Republic of Germany). Before reunification, the shortened form was used to distinguish the West German state from the East German GDR (German Democratic republic), but it is now commonly used to refer to the reunified state -
5 república
f.1 republic.2 Republic.* * *1 republic\república bananera peyorativo banana republicrepública de las letras literal intelligentsia* * *noun f.* * *SF republic* * *femenino republic* * *= republic.Ex. Each republic develops a system appropriate to its particular information needs and existing informational infrastructure.----* república bananera = banana republic, mickey mouse country.* República Checa, la = Czech Republic, the.* República de Cabo Verde = Cape Verde.* República de Corea, la = Republic of Korea, the.* República de Croacia, la = Croatian Republic, the.* República de Irlanda = Republic of Ireland.* República de las Islas de Cabo Verde = Cape Verde Islands.* República de Mauricio = Mauritius.* República Democrática Alemana = German Democratic Republic (GDR).* República Democrática del Congo, la = Democratic Republic of Congo, the.* República de Sudáfrica = Republic of South Africa.* República de Suráfrica = Republic of South Africa.* República Dominicana = Dominican Republic.* República Eslovaca, la = Slovak Republic, the.* República Federal Alemana = Federal Republic of Germany (FDR).* República Irlandesa, la = Irish Republic, the.* República Popular China = Chinese People's Republic.* República Popular China, La = People's Republic of China, The.* República Popular Democrática de Corea, la = People's Democratic Republic of Korea, the.* repúblicas bálticas, las = Baltic republics, the.* república socialista = socialist republic.* república soviética = Soviet Republic.* República Togolesa, la = Togolese Republic, the.* * *femenino republic* * *= republic.Ex: Each republic develops a system appropriate to its particular information needs and existing informational infrastructure.
* república bananera = banana republic, mickey mouse country.* República Checa, la = Czech Republic, the.* República de Cabo Verde = Cape Verde.* República de Corea, la = Republic of Korea, the.* República de Croacia, la = Croatian Republic, the.* República de Irlanda = Republic of Ireland.* República de las Islas de Cabo Verde = Cape Verde Islands.* República de Mauricio = Mauritius.* República Democrática Alemana = German Democratic Republic (GDR).* República Democrática del Congo, la = Democratic Republic of Congo, the.* República de Sudáfrica = Republic of South Africa.* República de Suráfrica = Republic of South Africa.* República Dominicana = Dominican Republic.* República Eslovaca, la = Slovak Republic, the.* República Federal Alemana = Federal Republic of Germany (FDR).* República Irlandesa, la = Irish Republic, the.* República Popular China = Chinese People's Republic.* República Popular China, La = People's Republic of China, The.* República Popular Democrática de Corea, la = People's Democratic Republic of Korea, the.* repúblicas bálticas, las = Baltic republics, the.* república socialista = socialist republic.* república soviética = Soviet Republic.* República Togolesa, la = Togolese Republic, the.* * *republicCompuestos:federal republic* * *
república sustantivo femenino
republic
república f Pol republic
' república' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
checa
- checo
- eslovaca
- eslovaco
- República Dominicana
- República Oriental del Uruguay
- RFA
English:
Czech
- Dominican
- Eire
- Ireland
- republic
- Slovakia
- federal
* * *república nfrepublicrepública bananera banana republic;la República Centroafricana the Central African Republic;la República Checa the Czech Republic;la República del Congo the Republic of the Congo;Antes la República Democrática Alemana o de Alemania the German Democratic Republic;la República Democrática del Congo the Democratic Republic of Congo;la República Dominicana the Dominican Republic;la República Eslovaca the Slovak Republic;república federal federal republic;Antes la República Federal Alemana o de Alemania the Federal Republic of Germany; Antes la República Federal de Yugoslavia the Yugoslav Federal Republic;la República de Irlanda the Republic of Ireland;la República Irlandesa the Irish Republic;la República Oriental del Uruguay = the official name of Uruguay;la República Popular China the People's Republic of China;la República Popular de Corea the Democratic People's Republic of Korea;la República de Sudáfrica the Republic of South Africa;Hist la República de Weimar the Weimar Republic* * *f republic* * *república nf: republic* * *república n republic -
6 Land
n; -(e)s, Länder und Lande1. nur Sg.; (Grund und Boden) land; (Ackerboden) land, soil; 10 Hektar Land 10 hectares of land; das Land bebauen farm the land; lit. till the soil2. nur. Sg.; (Ggs. Wasser) land; Land in Sicht NAUT. land ahead; an Land ashore; an Land gehen go ashore, disembark; etw. an Land ziehen land s.th., pull s.th. ashore; umg., fig. land o.s. s.th.; wieder ( festes) Land unter den Füßen haben be back on terra firma ( oder dry land); Land sehen see land; ( wieder) Land sehen umg., fig. see the light at the end of the tunnel; ich sehe noch kein Land fig. there’s no end in sight yet; kein Land mehr sehen fig. be completely at sea, be floundering; unter I, 13. nur Sg.; (Ggs. Stadt) country; countryside; auf dem Land in the country; aufs Land fahren go ( oder drive) out into the country(side); aufs Land ziehen move to the country(side); ( draußen) auf dem flachen oder platten Land umg. out in the sticks, in the middle of nowhere4. Pl. altm. oder hum. Lande; (Gegend) region; (Landschaft) country; hügeliges Land hilly (stretch of) country; durch die Lande reisen oder ziehen travel widely; in deutschen Landen altm., hum. in Germany; ins Land gehen oder ziehen fig., Zeit: pass, elapse5. Pl. Länder; (geographisches Land) country; (Staat) auch nation, state; lit. land; das Land, wo Milch und Honig fließt hum. the land of milk and honey; das Land meiner / seiner etc. Väter geh. the land of my / his etc. fathers; das Land meiner Träume the land of my dreams; das Land der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten the land of limitless opportunity; das Land der aufgehenden Sonne the land of the rising sun; das Land der tausend Seen the land of a thousand lakes; andere Länder, andere Sitten Sprichw. when in Rome, do as the Romans do; Land und Leute kennen lernen get to know the country and its people; aus aller Herren Länder from all four corners of the earth; wieder im Lande sein umg., fig. be back again; (unter den Leuten) be back in circulation; bist du wieder mal im Lande? umg., nach langer Abwesenheit: returned from your wanderings, have you?, iro. hello (there), stranger!; zu einem Ausländer etc.: come to see us again, have you?; bei uns zu Land in our country, where we live gelobt, heilig6. nur Sg.; (Territorium, Lebensraum) territory, land; dieses Gebiet war das Land der Apachen this area was Apache territory ( oder land)7. Pl. Länder; POL., innerhalb Deutschlands: (federal) state, Land (Pl. Länder); in Österreich: province; die Länder der Bundesrepublik Deutschland the states ( oder Länder) of the Federal Republic of Germany; das Land Bayern the state of Bavaria; das Land Kärnten the province of Carinthia* * *das Land(Ackerland) soil;(Gegensatz zu Wasser) land;(Grund und Boden) land; property;(Staat) country; state;(ländliche Gegend) countryside; country* * *Lạnd [lant]nt -(e)s, -er['lɛndɐ]1) (= Gelände, Festland) land; (= Landschaft) country, landscapeein Stück Land — a plot of land or ground
Land bestellen — to till the soil or land
Land gewinnen (lit) (am Meer) — to reclaim land; (Agr) to cultivate land; (fig) to gain ground
an Land gehen — to go ashore
jdn an Land setzen — to put sb ashore
Land sehen (lit) — to see or sight land
endlich können wir Land sehen/sehe ich Land (fig) — at last we/I can see the light at the end of the tunnel
kein Land mehr sehen ( können) (fig) — to be completely muddled, to be in a complete muddle
einen Millionär/einen Auftrag an Land ziehen (inf) — to land a millionaire/an order
bei uns/euch zu Lande — back home, where we/you come from or live, in our/your country
2) (= ländliches Gebiet) countryüber Land fahren (mit Auto etc) — to drive/travel across country; (Fahrschüler) to drive on country roads; (old
3) (= Staat) country, land (esp liter); (= Bundesland) (in BRD) Land, state; (in Österreich) provincedas Land Tirol — the province of Tyrol, Tyrol province
außer Landes sein/gehen — to be out of/leave the country
das Land der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten — the new world, the land of limitless opportunity
aus aller Herren Länder(n) — from all over the world, from the four corners of the earth
See:→ Milchin fernen Landen (liter) — in distant lands, in faraway lands
* * *das1) (the solid part of the surface of the Earth which is covered by the sea: We had been at sea a week before we saw land.) land2) (a country: foreign lands.) land3) (the ground or soil: He never made any money at farming as his land was poor and stony.) land4) (an estate: He owns land/lands in Scotland.) land5) (any of the nations of the world; the land occupied by a nation: Canada is a larger country than Spain.) country6) ((usually with the) districts where there are fields, moors etc as opposed to towns and areas with many buildings: a quiet holiday in the country; ( also adjective) country districts.) country* * *<-[e]s, Länder>[lant, pl ˈlɛndɐ]nt1. (Staat) country, state, nationaus aller Herren Länder[n] from all corners of the earth\Land und Leute the country and its peopleandere Länder, andere Sitten every country has its own customsdas \Land der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten the land of opportunitydas \Land der aufgehenden Sonne the land of the rising sundas \Land der Verheißung, das Gelobte \Land the promised landdas Heilige \Land the Holy Landdurch die \Lande ziehen (geh) to travel aroundaußer \Landes abroad, out of the countrybei jdm zu \Land where sb comes from, in sb's country2. (Bundesland) federal state3. NAUT land\Land in Sicht! land ahoy!\Land unter! NORDD land under water!zu \Lande und zu Wasser on land and at seaan \Land gehen, \Land sehen to sight land, to go ashorejdn an \Land setzen to put sb ashorejdn/etw an \Land spülen to wash sb/sth ashorejdn/etw an \Land ziehen to pull sb/sth ashorean \Land ashoredas \Land bestellen to till the soilauf dem flachen [o platten] \Land[e] on the plainsaufs \Land ziehen to move to the countryauf dem \Land[e] in the country6.▶ das \Land, wo Milch und Honig fließt the land of milk and honeyendlich sehe ich wieder \Land I'm finally getting things sorted againdie Jahre zogen ins \Land the years went by* * *das; Landes, Länder od. (veralt.) Lande1) o. Pl. land no indef. art.Land in Sicht! — (Seemannsspr.) land [ahead]!
[wieder] Land sehen — (fig.) be able to see light at the end of the tunnel (fig.)
[sich (Dat.)] eine Millionärin/antike Truhe/einen fetten Auftrag an Land ziehen — (ugs., oft scherzh.) hook a millionairess/get one's hands on an antique chest/land a fat contract
2) o. Pl. (Grund und Boden) landein Stück Land — a plot or piece of land or ground
das Land bebauen/bestellen — farm/till the land
Wochen/Jahre waren ins Land gegangen — weeks/years had passed or gone by
4) o. Pl. (dörfliche Gegend) country no indef. art.5) Plural Länder (Staat) countryandere Länder, andere Sitten — (Spr.) every nation has its own ways of behaving
Land und Leute kennen lernen — get to know the country and its people or inhabitants
außer Landes gehen/sich außer Landes befinden — leave the country/be out of the country
wieder im Lande sein — (ugs.) be back again
hier zu Lande — [here] in this country
6) (Bundesland) Land; state; (österr.) province•• Cultural note:Germany is a federal republic consisting of 16 member states called Länder or Bundesländer. Five so-called neue Bundesländer were added after reunification in 1990. The Land has a degree of autonomy and is responsible for all educational and cultural affairs, the police, the environment, and local government. The German Länder, including three city-states, and their state capitals are: Baden-Württemberg, capital: Stuttgart; Bayern( Bavaria), capital: München( Munich); Berlin; Brandenburg, capital: Potsdam; Bremen; Hamburg; Hessen (Hesse), capital: Wiesbaden; Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), capital: Schwerin; Niedersachsen( Lower Saxony), capital: Hannover( Hanover); Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia), capital: Düsseldorf; Rheinland-Pfalz ( Rhineland-Palatinate), capital: Mainz; Saarland, capital: Saarbrücken; Sachsen( Saxony), capital: Dresden; Sachsen-Anhalt ( Saxony-Anhalt), capital: Magdeburg; Schleswig-Holstein, capital: Kiel; Thüringen( Thuringia), capital: Erfurt. Austria is a federal state consisting of 9 Länder: Burgenland; Kärnten( Carinthia); Niederösterreich( Lower Austria); Oberösterreich( Upper Austria); Salzburg; Steiermark( Styria); Tirol (Tyrol); Vorarlberg; Wien( Vienna).The Swiss equivalent of a German or Austrian Land is a Kanton* * *10 Hektar Land 10 hectares of land;das Land bebauen farm the land; liter till the soil2. nur. sg; (Ggs Wasser) land;Land in Sicht SCHIFF land ahead;an Land ashore;an Land gehen go ashore, disembark;etwas an Land ziehen land sth, pull sth ashore; umg, fig land o.s. sth;Land sehen see land;(wieder) Land sehen umg, fig see the light at the end of the tunnel;3. nur sg; (Ggs Stadt) country; countryside;auf dem Land in the country;aufs Land fahren go ( oder drive) out into the country(side);aufs Land ziehen move to the country(side);platten Land umg out in the sticks, in the middle of nowherehügeliges Land hilly (stretch of) country;ziehen travel widely;in deutschen Landen obs, hum in Germany;das Land, wo Milch und Honig fließt hum the land of milk and honey;das Land meiner/seiner etcdas Land meiner Träume the land of my dreams;das Land der unbegrenzten Möglichkeiten the land of limitless opportunity;das Land der aufgehenden Sonne the land of the rising sun;das Land der tausend Seen the land of a thousand lakes;andere Länder, andere Sitten sprichw when in Rome, do as the Romans do;Land und Leute kennenlernen get to know the country and its people;aus aller Herren Länder from all four corners of the earth;bist du wieder mal im Lande? umg, nach langer Abwesenheit: returned from your wanderings, have you?, iron hello (there), stranger!; zu einem Ausländer etc: come to see us again, have you?;dieses Gebiet war das Land der Apachen this area was Apache territory ( oder land)7. pl Länder; POL, innerhalb Deutschlands: (federal) state, Land (pl Länder); in Österreich: province;die Länder der Bundesrepublik Deutschland the states ( oder Länder) of the Federal Republic of Germany;das Land Bayern the state of Bavaria;das Land Kärnten the province of Carinthia8. nur sg:* * *das; Landes, Länder od. (veralt.) Lande1) o. Pl. land no indef. art.Land in Sicht! — (Seemannsspr.) land [ahead]!
‘Land unter!’ melden — report that the land is flooded or under water
[wieder] Land sehen — (fig.) be able to see light at the end of the tunnel (fig.)
[sich (Dat.)] eine Millionärin/antike Truhe/einen fetten Auftrag an Land ziehen — (ugs., oft scherzh.) hook a millionairess/get one's hands on an antique chest/land a fat contract
2) o. Pl. (Grund und Boden) landein Stück Land — a plot or piece of land or ground
das Land bebauen/bestellen — farm/till the land
Wochen/Jahre waren ins Land gegangen — weeks/years had passed or gone by
4) o. Pl. (dörfliche Gegend) country no indef. art.5) Plural Länder (Staat) countryandere Länder, andere Sitten — (Spr.) every nation has its own ways of behaving
Land und Leute kennen lernen — get to know the country and its people or inhabitants
außer Landes gehen/sich außer Landes befinden — leave the country/be out of the country
wieder im Lande sein — (ugs.) be back again
hier zu Lande — [here] in this country
6) (Bundesland) Land; state; (österr.) province•• Cultural note:Germany is a federal republic consisting of 16 member states called Länder or Bundesländer. Five so-called neue Bundesländer were added after reunification in 1990. The Land has a degree of autonomy and is responsible for all educational and cultural affairs, the police, the environment, and local government. The German Länder, including three city-states, and their state capitals are: Baden-Württemberg, capital: Stuttgart; Bayern (Bavaria), capital: München (Munich); Berlin; Brandenburg, capital: Potsdam; Bremen; Hamburg; Hessen (Hesse), capital: Wiesbaden; Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania), capital: Schwerin; Niedersachsen (Lower Saxony), capital: Hannover (Hanover); Nordrhein-Westfalen (North Rhine-Westphalia), capital: Düsseldorf; Rheinland-Pfalz (Rhineland-Palatinate), capital: Mainz; Saarland, capital: Saarbrücken; Sachsen (Saxony), capital: Dresden; Sachsen-Anhalt (Saxony-Anhalt), capital: Magdeburg; Schleswig-Holstein, capital: Kiel; Thüringen (Thuringia), capital: Erfurt. Austria is a federal state consisting of 9 Länder: Burgenland; Kärnten (Carinthia); Niederösterreich (Lower Austria); Oberösterreich (Upper Austria); Salzburg; Steiermark (Styria); Tirol (Tyrol); Vorarlberg; Wien (Vienna).The Swiss equivalent of a German or Austrian Land is a Kanton* * *¨-er n.country n.county n.land n.terra n. -
7 Bundespräsident
1. German / Austrian ( oder Federal) President2. Schweiz: President of the Confederation* * *The Bundespräsident, elected by the Bundesversammlung, is the head of state of the Federal Republic of Germany. The term of office is five years and the President can be re-elected only once. The Bundespräsident's main task is to represent Germany at home and abroad. Since the office is non-party political, presidents can make use of their status to draw attention to social problems and abuses of power. The Austrian Bundespräsident is also the head of state, but is elected by the people. The term of office is six years, with a possible second term. The President can dissolve the Nationalrat and appoints and dismisses the Bundeskanzler. In Switzerland the Bundespräsident is the chairman of the Bundesrat and is in office for a period of one year only. The President is not head of state, but he represents the country abroad. See: → Bundeskanzler, Bundesrat, Bundesversammlung, Nationalrat* * *Bun·des·prä·si·dent(in)m(f) BRD, ÖSTERR President [or Head of State] of the Federal Republic of Germany/Austria; SCHWEIZ President of the Confederation* * *1) [Federal] President2) (schweiz.) President of the Confederation•• Cultural note:The Federal Government consists of the Bundeskanzler and the Bundesminister (Federal Ministers).The Chancellor appoints ministers and determines their number and responsibilities in the Cabinet. Ministers run their ministries independently but within the framework of the guidelines of the Chancellor's policy.The President is the head of state in Germany and Austria. The German president is elected for five years by the MPs and delegates from the Länder. He (so far there have not been any women) acts mainly as a figurehead, representing Germany abroad, and does not get involved in party politics, although he often takes a moral lead in major issues and can exercise personal authority through his neutral mediating function. The Bundespräsident can only be re-elected once* * *1. German/Austrian ( oder Federal) President2. Schweiz: President of the Confederation* * *1) [Federal] President2) (schweiz.) President of the Confederation•• Cultural note:The Federal Government consists of the Bundeskanzler and the Bundesminister (Federal Ministers).The Chancellor appoints ministers and determines their number and responsibilities in the Cabinet. Ministers run their ministries independently but within the framework of the guidelines of the Chancellor's policy.The President is the head of state in Germany and Austria. The German president is elected for five years by the MPs and delegates from the Länder. He (so far there have not been any women) acts mainly as a figurehead, representing Germany abroad, and does not get involved in party politics, although he often takes a moral lead in major issues and can exercise personal authority through his neutral mediating function. The Bundespräsident can only be re-elected once -
8 Bundestag
m1. POL. Bundestag, Lower House (of the German Parliament)2. HIST. (1815-1866) Diet of the German Confederation* * *The German Bundestag is the representative body of the Federal Republic of Germany and is elected by the people every four years. There are at least 598 elected representatives, of whom half are directly elected (Erststimme) and half taken from the parties' Landeslisten (Zweitstimme). The Bundestag passes Federal laws, elects the Bundeskanzler, exercises parliamentary control over the Federal government and sets the Federal budget. Although the General Assembly is its public face, the Bundestag carries out most of its work in committees, whose composition reflects that of the Bundestag. At the Land level there is usually a similar body, the Landtag. See: → Bundeskanzler, Erststimme/Zweitstimme* * *Bun·des·tag* * *der Bundestag•• Cultural note:The lower house of the German parliament, which is elected every four years by the German people. The Bundestag is responsible for federal legislation, the federal budget, and electing the Bundeskanzler. Half of the MPs are elected directly and half by proportional representation, in a complicated voting system where each voter has two votes* * *1. POL Bundestag, Lower House (of the German Parliament)* * *der Bundestag•• Cultural note:The lower house of the German parliament, which is elected every four years by the German people. The Bundestag is responsible for federal legislation, the federal budget, and electing the Bundeskanzler. Half of the MPs are elected directly and half by proportional representation, in a complicated voting system where each voter has two votes* * *m.Lower House of German Parliament n. -
9 Bundeskanzler
m1. German / Austrian ( oder Federal) Chancellor2. Schweiz: Chancellor of the Confederation* * *der BundeskanzlerFederal Chancellor* * *The Bundeskanzler of the Federal Republic of Germany is the head of government. In 2005 Angela Merkel became the first BundeskanzlerinThe Chancellor is responsible for the government's general policy and by means of recommendations to the Bundespräsident appoints and dismisses ministers. The Bundeskanzler is generally elected for a period of four years (corresponding to the four-year Bundestag mandate) by a majority of members of parliament and on the recommendation of the Bundespräsident.In Austria, too, the Bundeskanzler is the head of government, appointed by the Bundespräsident. The Chancellor has no legal responsibility for general policy, but nominates ministers and thereby determines the composition of the government. In Switzerland, on the other hand, the Bundeskanzler is the head of the Federal Chancellery, a department of the Bundesversammlung and the Bundesrat. The responsibilities of the office include the organization of Federal elections and ballots and the publication of Federal laws. See: → Bundespräsident, Bundesrat, Bundestag, Bundesversammlung* * *Bun·des·kanz·ler(in)m(f) BRD German [or Federal] Chancellor; ÖSTERR Austrian [or Federal] Chancellor; SCHWEIZ Head of the Federal Chancellery* * *der Federal Chancellor•• Cultural note:The Chancellor is the head of government in Germany and Austria. The German chancellor is normally elected for four years by the MPs in the Bundestag after being proposed by the Bundespräsident. He (so far there have not been any women) chooses the ministers and decides on government policies* * *1. German/Austrian ( oder Federal) Chancellor2. Schweiz: Chancellor of the Confederation* * *der Federal Chancellor•• Cultural note:The Chancellor is the head of government in Germany and Austria. The German chancellor is normally elected for four years by the MPs in the Bundestag after being proposed by the Bundespräsident. He ( so far there have not been any women) chooses the ministers and decides on government policies* * *m.Chancellor n. -
10 Bundesrat
m1. BRD und Österreich: Bundesrat, Upper House (of the German / Austrian Parliament)2. Schweiz: Bundesrat, Executive Federal Council3. Österreich, Schweiz: (Person) member of the Bundesrat* * *The Bundesrat is the second chamber of the Federal Republic of Germany, representing the Länder. It has 69 members, who are not elected but delegated by the 16 Land governments. The most important of the Bundesrat's duties concerns legislation: Federal laws that impinge upon the responsibilities of the Länder require its approval. The Bundesrat may also object to other laws, although the Bundestag can overrule the objection. As a result, Federal policy can be influenced by parties who are in opposition in the Bundestag if these parties hold a majority in most of the Land parliaments. In Austria the Bundesrat has 63 members. Apart from being able to introduce its own proposals for legislation, the Bundesrat has certain rights of veto and approval with regard to laws passed by the Nationalrat. In Switzerland, however, the Bundesrat is the executive body, i.e. the government. The Bundesversammlung appoints seven Bundesräte (ministers), who must come from different cantons, for a period of four years. Each of these ministers is then placed in charge of a Departement. See: → Bundestag, Bundesversammlung, Nationalrat* * *Bun·des·rat1mBun·des·rat2, -rä·tinm, f ÖSTERR Member of the Bundesrat/Upper House of Parliament; SCHWEIZ Member of the Federal Council* * *1) Bundesrat2) (österr., schweiz.) Federal Council•• Cultural note:This is the upper house of the German parliamentary system, where the Länder are represented. The Bundesrat members are appointed by the Länder governments. The Bundesrat has to approve laws affecting the Länder, and also any changes to the Grundgesetz. Sometimes the opposition parties actually hold a majority in the Bundesrat, which allows them to influence German legislation* * *1. BRD und Österreich: Bundesrat, Upper House (of the German/Austrian Parliament)2. Schweiz: Bundesrat, Executive Federal Council3. Österreich, Schweiz: (Person) member of the Bundesrat* * *1) Bundesrat2) (österr., schweiz.) Federal Council•• Cultural note:This is the upper house of the German parliamentary system, where the Länder are represented. The Bundesrat members are appointed by the Länder governments. The Bundesrat has to approve laws affecting the Länder, and also any changes to the Grundgesetz. Sometimes the opposition parties actually hold a majority in the Bundesrat, which allows them to influence German legislation -
11 Bundesland
n POL. (federal) state, land, Land; die neuen ( die alten) Bundesländer the newly-formed German (the old West German) states ( oder Länder); das neue Bundesland Sachsen-Anhalt etc. the newly-formed German state (od. Land) of Sachsen-Anhalt etc.* * *Bụn|des|landntstate; (Ger auch) Land of the Federal Republic of Germanydie neuen Bundesländer — the former East German states
die alten Bundesländer — the former West German states
* * *Bun·des·landnt federal state; (nur BRD) Landdie alten/neuen Bundesländer former West/East Germany* * *das state; (österr.) province•• Cultural note:* * *die neuen (die alten) Bundesländer the newly-formed German (the old West German) states ( oder Länder);das neue Bundesland Sachsen-Anhalt etc the newly-formed German state oder Land of Sachsen-Anhalt etc* * *das state; (österr.) province•• Cultural note:* * *n.federal state n.land n. -
12 Einheit
Ein·heit <-, -en> [ʼainhait] f1) ( Gesamtheit) unity;eine geschlossene \Einheit an integrated whole2) ( Einigkeit) unity;die deutsche \Einheit German reunification5) (Telefon\Einheit) unit¿Kultur?The German Democratic Republic (GDR) or East Germany became part of the Federal Republic of Germany on 3rd October, 1990. The treaty on the final settlement of the German question was signed by the four victorious powers of the Second World War, the Federal Republic and the minister-president of the GDR in Moscow on 12th September. Since then, 3rd October has been celebrated as Tag der deutschen Einheit - the Day of German Unity. -
13 saksa
Germany (noun)german (adje)* * *geography• the east german democratic republicgeography• east german democratic republicgeography• the federal republic of germanygeography• west germanygeography• germangeography• east germanygeography• Federal Republic of Germany -
14 Bundesbankgesetz
Bundesbankgesetz
Federal Reserve Act (US);
• Bundesbankpräsident [etwa] Federal Reserve chairman;
• Bundesbeamter federal officer (US);
• Bundesbediensteter federal employee (US);
• Bundesbehörde federal agency (US);
• Bundesbehörde für Luft- und Raumfahrt National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (US);
• Bundesbüro zur Durchführung von Volkszählungen Census Bureau;
• Bundesdatenschutzgesetz (BDSG) German Federal Data Protection Act;
• Bundesenergiebehörde Federal Energy Administration (US);
• Bundesetat Federal Budget (US);
• Bundesfernstraße [etwa] long-distance road;
• Bundesfinanzbehörde Commissioner of Inland Revenue (Br.), Commissioner of Internal Revenue (US);
• Bundesfinanzhof [etwa] Income-Tax Appeal Tribunal;
• Bundesfinanzminister [etwa] Chancellor of the Exchequer (Br.), Secretary of the Treasury Department (US);
• Bundesforstverwaltung Forest Service (US);
• Bundesgebiet national territory;
• Bundesgesetzblatt gazette (Br.), Statutes at Large (US);
• Bundesgewalt federal power (US);
• Bundesgrenzschutzangehöriger border guard;
• Bundeshaushalt National Budget;
• Bundeshilfe federal aid (US);
• Bundeskanzler Federal Chancellor;
• Bundeskartellamt Federal Cartels Office;
• Bundeskriminalamt (BKA) Federal Office of Criminal Investigation;
• Bundesluftfahrtbehörde Federal Agency of Aviation (FAA,US);
• Bundesminister für Inneres (Österreich) Federal Minister of the Interior;
• Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Technologie Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology;
• Bundesnotenbank [etwa] Federal Reserve Bank (US), lender of last resort (Br.);
• Bundesnotenbankausweis [etwa] Exchequer returns (Br.);
• Bundesnotenbankpräsident chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank (US);
• Bundesorgan federal instrumentality (US);
• Bundesorganisation national organization (US);
• Bundespatentamt Commissioner of Patents (US);
• Bundespersonalvertretungsgesetz Civil Service Representation Act;
• Bundespost Postal Service;
• Bundespräsident President of the Federal Republic;
• Bundesrat constitutional organ, [etwa] upper chamber of the federal parliament;
• Bundesrechnungshof [etwa] Commissioner of Audits (Br.), General Accounting Office (US);
• Bundesrechtsanwaltsordnung [etwa] Solicitors Act (Br.);
• Bundesregierung Federal Government (US);
• Bundesrepublik Deutschland Federal Republic of Germany;
• Bundesschätze, Bundesschatzwechsel [etwa] British savings bonds, United States note;
• Bundesschatzmeister [etwa] Register of the Treasury (US);
• Bundesschatzscheine [etwa] British savings bonds;
• Bundesschifffahrtsbehörde Federal Maritime Commission (US);
• Bundesschuldbuch National Debt Register;
• Bundesschuldbuchforderungen debt register claims;
• Bundesschuldenverwaltung [etwa] National Debt Commissioner (Br.), Debt Management (US);
• Bundessozialgericht [etwa] Local Appeal Tribunal (Br.);
• Bundessozialhilfegesetz [etwa] National Assistance Act (Br.), Federal Insurance Contribution Act (US);
• Bundessparkassenverband National Association of Savings Banks (US);
• Bundesstaat federal (federated) state (US). -
15 Bundesbürger
-
16 république
république [ʀepyblik]feminine noun• on est en république ! it's a free country!• la République française/d'Irlande the French/Irish Republic━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━The term la Cinquième République refers to the French Republic since the presidency of General de Gaulle (1959-1969), during which a new Constitution was established.* * *ʀepybliknom féminin republicaprès tout, on vit en république — after all, it's a free country
* * *ʀepyblik nf* * *république nf Pol republic; après tout, on vit en république after all, it's a free country; république des lettres republic of letters.[repyblik] nom féminin1. [régime politique] republicje fais ce que je veux; on est en république, non? (familier) I'll do as I like, it's a free country, isn't it?2. [État] Republicla République d'Irlande the Irish Republic, the Republic of Ireland3. [confrérie]dans la république des lettres in the literary world, in the world of letters -
17 Wiedervereinigung
f reunion; POL. auch reunification* * *die Wiedervereinigungreunion; reunification* * *Wie|der|ver|ei|ni|gungfreunification* * *(the act of reuniting or state of being reunited.) reunion* * *Wie·der·ver·ei·ni·gung[ˈvi:dɐfɛɐ̯ʔainɪgʊŋ]f POL reunification* * *die reunification•• Cultural note:This is the German word for the reunification of Germany which officially took place on 3 October 1990, when the former GDR was incorporated into the Federal Republic. The huge financial and social costs of reunification are still being felt throughout Germany* * ** * *die reunification•• Cultural note:This is the German word for the reunification of Germany which officially took place on 3 October 1990, when the former GDR was incorporated into the Federal Republic. The huge financial and social costs of reunification are still being felt throughout Germany* * *f.reunification n. -
18 bundesdeutsch
Adj. POL. (German) Federal...* * *bụn|des|deutschadjGerman; (HIST = westdeutsch) West German* * *bun·des·deutsch* * ** * ** * *Adjektiv (auf die alte BRD bezogen) West German -
19 Grundgesetz
n1. basic law* * *das Grundgesetzbasic law* * *The "Grundgesetz of the Federal Republic of Germany" is the German Constitution, which came into force in 1949. It was actually intended as a temporary measure until Germany could be re-united, but upon re-unification in 1990 the Grundgesetz was retained, since it enjoyed a high level of trust. For changes to be made to the Grundgesetz a two-thirds majority is needed both in the Bundestag and in the Bundesrat. If citizens consider that their basic rights, as laid down in the Grundgesetz, have been violated by the state authorities, they can ask for independent arbitration from the Bundesverfassungsgericht, which is binding on all parties. See: → Bundesrat, Bundestag* * *Grund·ge·setznt1. (Grundprinzip) basic [or fundamental] lawphysikalische/chemische \Grundgesetze the fundamental laws of physics/chemistry2. (deutsche Verfassung) Basic Law* * *1) (Verfassung) Basic Law2) (wichtiges Gesetz) fundamental or basic law•• Cultural note:The written German constitution which came into force in May 1949. It lays down the basic rights of German citizens, the relationship between Bund and Länder (Land), and the legal framework of the German state* * *1. basic law2. POL:das Grundgesetz (abk GG) the (German) constitution* * *1) (Verfassung) Basic Law2) (wichtiges Gesetz) fundamental or basic law•• Cultural note:The written German constitution which came into force in May 1949. It lays down the basic rights of German citizens, the relationship between Bund and Länder (Land), and the legal framework of the German state* * *n.German constitutional law n. -
20 Übersiedler
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- 2
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