-
121 Aufklarung
f des Wetters: clearing up; des Himmels: clearing* * *die Aufklärung(Erkundung) reconnaissance;(Klärung) explanation;(Zeitalter) Enlightenment* * *Auf|kla|rung ['aufklaːrʊŋ]f(des Wetters) clearing up; (des Himmels) clearing* * *die2) ((the act of making) a study (of land, enemy troops etc) to obtain information, eg before a battle.) reconnaissance* * *Auf·klä·rungf3. (Information)die \Aufklärung von Kindern explaining the facts of life to children[sexuelle] \Aufklärung sex education6. PHILOS▪ die \Aufklärung the Enlightenment* * *die o. Pl1) s. aufklären 1. 1): clearing up; solution; elucidation; explanation; resolution2) (auch scherzh.): (Information) enlightenment3)die Aufklärung der Kinder — (über Sexualität); telling the children the facts of life
4)die Aufklärung — (hist.) the Enlightenment
* * ** * *die o. Pl1) s. aufklären 1. 1): clearing up; solution; elucidation; explanation; resolution2) (auch scherzh.): (Information) enlightenment3)die Aufklärung der Kinder — (über Sexualität); telling the children the facts of life
4)die Aufklärung — (hist.) the Enlightenment
* * *(Militär) f.reconnaissance n. (des Himmels) f.clearing (sky) n. (eines Verbrechens) f.solving (a crime) n. f.clarification n.clearing up n.elucidation n.enlightenment n.explanation n.scouting n.solution n. -
122 Vorfeld
n1. bes. MIL. approach(es Pl.) (+ Gen to); FLUG. apron2. fig. run-up (+ Gen to); im Vorfeld des Kongresses etc. auch as the conference etc. approaches ( oder was approaching); etw. im Vorfeld klären clarify s.th. in advance* * *das Vorfeldapron; forefield* * *Vor|feldnt (MIL)territory situated in front of the main battle line; (AVIAT) apron; (fig) run-up (+gen to)im Vórfeld der Wahlen — in the run-up to the elections
im Vórfeld der Verhandlungen — in the preliminary stages of the negotiations
etw im Vórfeld klären — to clear sth up beforehand
* * *(something like an apron in shape, eg a hard surface for aircraft on an airfield.) apron* * *Vor·feldntdas \Vorfeld der Stellungen war vermint und mit Stacheldrahtverhauen versehen worden the approaches to the placements were mined and covered with barbed wire2. LUFT apron3.* * *Vorfeld n2. fig run-up (+gen to);etwas im Vorfeld klären clarify sth in advance -
123 hart;
härter, am härtestenI Adj.1. allg., auch Bleistift, Wasser: hard; Brot: auch stale; Ei: hard-boiled; (fest) firm, solid; (steif) rigid; hart wie Stahl / Stein hard as steel / a rock, hart und geschwollen hard and swollen; hart werden harden; Zement etc.: auch set; der Reis ist noch ganz hart the rice is still quite hard3. (abgehärtet) hardened; (zäh) tough; harter Bursche hard man; hart im Nehmen sein be able to take it, be tough; gelobt sei, was hart macht etwa when the going gets tough, the tough get going; treat them rough, make them tough4. fig. seelisch: hard; (gefühllos) auch hard-hearted, unfeeling; (streng) severe, tough umg.; (unerbittlich) relentless; Stimme, Strafe etc.: severe, harsh; Worte: harsh; mit oder zu jemandem hart sein be hard on s.o.; er blieb hart he was adamant, he wouldn’t relent; harte Auseinandersetzung violent argument; ein hartes Spiel SPORT a tough game; hartes Urteil von Gericht: heavy sentence; weitS.: harsh judg(e)ment; die Enttäuschungen hatten ihn hart gemacht he was a man hardened by disappointments5. fig. (schwer) hard, tough umg.; Winter: auch severe; harte Arbeit hard work; hartes Los hard lot; harter Schlag / Verlust heavy blow / loss; harte Zeiten hard times; das war ein harter Kampf it was a hard fight; auf eine harte Probe stellen put severely to the test; einen harten Stand haben have a hard time (of it); das war hart für sie schwierig: it was hard for her; bes. unverdient: it was hard on her; das ist ganz schön hart umg. (schwer) it’s tough (going); (gewagt) that’s pretty strong stuff; durch eine harte Schule gegangen sein fig. have learn|t (Am. -ed) the hard way6. fig. Drogen, Konsonant, Strahlen, Tatsachen, Währung: hard; Licht, Ton, Aussprache, Gegensätze etc.: harsh; Kontrast, Konturen, Negativ etc.: sharp; Krimi, Western etc.: hard-bitten; Porno: hard(-core); die harten Sachen (Alkohol) umg. the hard stuff Sg.; Brocken, Kern, Nuss, Schädel etc.II Adv.1. hart gefroren frozen; präd. auch frozen solid ( oder hard); hart gekocht hard-boiled; ich schlafe gerne hart I like sleeping on a hard mattress2. hart aneinander geraten come to blows, go at each other hammer and tongs umg.; jemanden hart anfassen be firm (umg. tough) with s.o.; es kommt ihn hart an it’s hard on him, he’s finding it hard; hart arbeiten work hard; hart aufsetzen FLUG. etc. make a hard landing, land with a bump; jemanden hart bedrängen oder jemandem hart zusetzen put s.o. under a lot of pressure; hart bestrafen punish s.o. hard ( oder severely); hart durchgreifen take stern ( oder tough) measures; es ging hart auf hart it was a pitched battle; bei Verhandlungen: auch both sides were driving a hard bargain; wenn es hart auf hart kommt when it comes to the crunch; jemanden hart treffen hit s.o. hard; sich (mit etw.) hart tun südd., österr. have a hard time (with s.th.); hart umkämpft hotly contested3. hart an (+ Dat) (dicht, nah an) hard by, close to; hart an der Grenze des Erlaubten / Machbaren etc. very close to the limit of what is permissible / feasible; hart an der Grenze zur Beleidigung etc. very close to being an insult; hart vorbeistreifen an (+ Dat) graze; hart am Wind segeln sail close to the wind; hart zuhalten auf (+ Akk) NAUT. hold a steady course for -
124 ausradieren
v/t (trennb., hat)2. fig. pej. (Volk) wipe out, eradicate; (Stadt etc.) raze ( oder rase) (meist Passiv) völlig ausradiert razed to the ground* * *to rub out; to delete; to erase* * *aus|ra|die|ren ptp ausradiertvt septo rub out, to erase; (fig = vernichten) to wipe outetw aus dem Gedächtnis áúsradieren — to erase sth from one's mind or memory
* * *2) (to destroy completely, especially by fire: to raze a city to the ground.) raze3) (to remove (a mark, writing etc) with a rubber; to erase.) rub out4) (to destroy completely: They wiped out the whole regiment in one battle.) wipe out* * *aus|ra·die·ren *vt▪ etw \ausradiereneine Stadt \ausradieren to wipe a city off the map* * *transitives Verb rub out; erase; (fig.) annihilate, wipe out <village, city, etc.>; liquidate < person>* * *ausradieren v/t (trennb, hat)1. rub out, erase;völlig ausradiert razed to the ground* * *transitives Verb rub out; erase; (fig.) annihilate, wipe out <village, city, etc.>; liquidate < person>* * *v.to rub out v. -
125 Rückzug
m retreat, withdrawal; den Rückzug antreten start to retreat; sein Rückzug aus der Politik his retirement from politics* * *der Rückzugwithdrawal; retreat* * *Rụ̈ck|zugm (MIL)retreat; (fig) withdrawalgeordneter/ungeordneter Rückzug (lit, fig) — orderly/disorderly retreat
den Rückzug antreten (lit, fig) — to retreat, to beat a retreat
See:→ blasen* * *der1) (the act of retreating (from a battle, danger etc): After the retreat, the soldiers rallied once more.) retreat2) withdrawal* * *Rück·zugmein geordneter/ungeordneter \Rückzug an orderly retreat/a headlong flightauf dem \Rückzug during the retreatauf dem \Rückzug sein to be retreating [or on the retreat* * *der retreatauf dem Rückzug sein — be retreating
* * *Rückzug m retreat, withdrawal;den Rückzug antreten start to retreat;sein Rückzug aus der Politik his retirement from politics* * *der retreat* * *-¨e m.retreat n.withdrawal n. -
126 Rufer
* * *Ru|fer ['ruːfɐ]m -s, -der (einsame) Rúfer in der Wüste — the (lone) voice (crying) in the wilderness
* * *Ru·fer(in)<-s, ->m(f) (geh) person calling▶ \Rufer in der Wüste voice [crying] in the wilderness* * *der Rufer in der Wüste a voice (crying) in the wilderness -
127 Strauß
m; -es, -e; ORN. ostrich—m; -es, Sträuße bunch; (Blumenstrauß) bunch of flowers; bes. zu einem Anlass: bouquet; kleiner, bunter: auch spray; ein Strauß Nelken a bunch of carnations—m; -es, Sträuße; altm. fight, struggle; (Streit) quarrel; einen Strauß mit jemandem ausfechten (have a) fight with s.o., fight it out with s.o.; (etw. ausdiskutieren) have it out with s.o. umg.* * *der Strauß(Blumen) bunch; bouquet; bunch of flowers;(Vogel) ostrich* * *I [ʃtraus]m -es, -eostrichIIwie der Vogel Stráúß — like an ostrich
m -es, Sträuße['ʃtrɔysə]1) bunch; (= Blumenstrauß) bunch of flowers; (als Geschenk) bouquet, bunch of flowers; (= kleiner Strauß, Biedermeierstrauß) posyeinen Stráúß binden — to make up a bouquet
2) old = Kampf auch fig) struggle, battlemit jdm einen harten Stráúß ausfechten (lit, fig) — to have a hard struggle or fight with sb
* * *der1) (a type of large bird which cannot fly.) ostrich2) (a small bunch of flowers: a posy of primroses.) posy* * *Strauß1<-es, Sträuße>[ʃtraus, pl ˈʃtrɔysə]m bunch [of flowers]Strauß2<-es, -e>[ʃtraus]m ostrich* * *Ider; Straußes, Sträuße bunch of flowers; (bes. als Geschenk) bouquet [of flowers]; (von kleinen Blumen) posyIIder; Straußes, Strauße (Vogel) ostrich•• Cultural note:An inn set up temporarily by a local wine-grower for a few weeks after the new wine has been made. A bunch of flowers and vine leaves above the door shows that the new vintage is ready for tasting. See also Besenwirtschaft* * *Strauß1 m; -es, -e; ORN ostrichStrauß2 m; -es, Sträuße bunch; (Blumenstrauß) bunch of flowers; besonders zu einem Anlass: bouquet; kleiner, bunter: auch spray;ein Strauß Nelken a bunch of carnationseinen Strauß mit jemandem ausfechten (have a) fight with sb, fight it out with sb; (etwas ausdiskutieren) have it out with sb umg* * *Ider; Straußes, Sträuße bunch of flowers; (bes. als Geschenk) bouquet [of flowers]; (von kleinen Blumen) posyIIder; Straußes, Strauße (Vogel) ostrich•• Cultural note:An inn set up temporarily by a local wine-grower for a few weeks after the new wine has been made. A bunch of flowers and vine leaves above the door shows that the new vintage is ready for tasting. See also Besenwirtschaft* * *-¨e m.bouquet n.bunch of flowers n.ostrich n.(§ pl.: ostriches) -
128 tapfer
I Adj.1. bei Gefahren, Schwierigkeiten: brave; Kämpfer: auch valiant geh.; bes. Kind, Unterlegene(r): auch plucky2. bei Schmerzen, seelischen Regungen: brave, plucky, stoical geh.II Adv. bravely, valiantly geh., pluckily, stoically geh.; sich tapfer schlagen oder halten MIL., SPORT auch fight like a hero ( oder heroes); fig. put up a good fight; sie hat es tapfer ertragen she put on a brave front, she took it on the chin; die Schmerzen tapfer ertragen bear ( oder endure) the pain bravely, cope bravely with ( oder refuse to give in to) the pain* * *brave; bold; valorous; valiant; courageous; stout; gallant* * *tạp|fer ['tapfɐ]1. adjbrave, courageous; Soldat, Versuch auch bold; (= wacker) steadfast2. advbravely, courageouslywir marschierten immer tapfer weiter, ohne zu merken... — we marched on blithely, not realizing...
halt dich or bleib tapfer! (inf) — be brave
* * *1) (without fear of danger, pain etc: a brave soldier; a brave deed; You're very brave; It was brave of him to fight such an enemy.) brave2) (brave: a gallant soldier.) gallant3) valiantly4) ((of a person, his actions etc) brave, courageous or heroic: valiant deeds; He was valiant in battle.) valiant* * *tap·fer[ˈtapfɐ]1. (mutig) brave, courageousgreif' nur \tapfer zu! just help yourself to as much as you like!* * *1.Adjektiv brave; courageous2.1) bravely; courageously2) (kräftig) <eat, drink> heartily* * *A. adj1. bei Gefahren, Schwierigkeiten: brave; Kämpfer: auch valiant geh; besonders Kind, Unterlegene(r): auch plucky2. bei Schmerzen, seelischen Regungen: brave, plucky, stoical gehB. adv bravely, valiantly geh, pluckily, stoically geh;sie hat es tapfer ertragen she put on a brave front, she took it on the chin;die Schmerzen tapfer ertragen bear ( oder endure) the pain bravely, cope bravely with ( oder refuse to give in to) the pain* * *1.Adjektiv brave; courageous2.1) bravely; courageously2) (kräftig) <eat, drink> heartily* * *adj.bold adj.brave adj.valiant adj.valorous adj. adv.bravely adv.valiantly adv.valorously adv.
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