-
1 hold
[həuld] 1. pt, pp held, vt( in hand) trzymać; ( contain) mieścić (pomieścić perf); qualifications posiadać; power, permit, opinion mieć; meeting, conversation odbywać (odbyć perf); prisoner, hostage przetrzymywać (przetrzymać perf)to hold sb responsible/liable — obarczać (obarczyć perf) kogoś odpowiedzialnością
to get hold of ( fig) — object, information zdobywać (zdobyć perf) +acc; person łapać (złapać perf) +acc (inf)
to get hold of o.s. — brać (wziąć perf) się w garść
to hold firm/fast — trzymać się mocno
he holds the view that … — jest zdania, że …
I don't hold with … — nie popieram +gen
hold still, hold steady — nie ruszaj się
Phrasal Verbs:- hold off- hold on- hold out- hold up2. viglue etc trzymać (mocno); argument etc zachowywać (zachować perf) ważność, pozostawać w mocy; offer, invitation być aktualnym; luck, weather utrzymywać się (utrzymać się perf); ( TEL) czekać (zaczekać perf)3. n( grasp) chwyt m; (of ship, plane) ładownia f* * *I 1. [həuld] past tense, past participle - held; verb1) (to have in one's hand(s) or between one's hands: He was holding a knife; Hold that dish with both hands; He held the little boy's hand; He held the mouse by its tail.) trzymać2) (to have in a part, or between parts, of the body, or between parts of a tool etc: He held the pencil in his teeth; She was holding a pile of books in her arms; Hold the stamp with tweezers.) trzymać3) (to support or keep from moving, running away, falling etc: What holds that shelf up?; He held the door closed by leaning against it; Hold your hands above your head; Hold his arms so that he can't struggle.) trzymać, przytrzymywać4) (to remain in position, fixed etc when under strain: I've tied the two pieces of string together, but I'm not sure the knot will hold; Will the anchor hold in a storm?) wytrzymywać5) (to keep (a person) in some place or in one's power: The police are holding a man for questioning in connection with the murder; He was held captive.) zatrzymać6) (to (be able to) contain: This jug holds two pints; You can't hold water in a handkerchief; This drawer holds all my shirts.) (po)mieścić7) (to cause to take place: The meeting will be held next week; We'll hold the meeting in the hall.) odbywać8) (to keep (oneself), or to be, in a particular state or condition: We'll hold ourselves in readiness in case you send for us; She holds herself very erect.) trzymać się9) (to have or be in (a job etc): He held the position of company secretary for five years.) zajmować stanowisko10) (to think strongly; to believe; to consider or regard: I hold that this was the right decision; He holds me (to be) responsible for everyone's mistakes; He is held in great respect; He holds certain very odd beliefs.) uważać że, utrzymywać, mieć11) (to continue to be valid or apply: Our offer will hold until next week; These rules hold under all circumstances.) być aktualnym, obowiązywać12) ((with to) to force (a person) to do something he has promised to do: I intend to hold him to his promises.) zmusić do dotrzymania (obietnicy)13) (to defend: They held the castle against the enemy.) bronić14) (not to be beaten by: The general realized that the soldiers could not hold the enemy for long.) powstrzymać15) (to keep (a person's attention): If you can't hold your pupils' attention, you can't be a good teacher.) utrzymywać16) (to keep someone in a certain state: Don't hold us in suspense, what was the final decision?) przetrzymać17) (to celebrate: The festival is held on 24 June.) obchodzić18) (to be the owner of: He holds shares in this company.) posiadać19) ((of good weather) to continue: I hope the weather holds until after the school sports.) utrzymywać się20) ((also hold the line) (of a person who is making a telephone call) to wait: Mr Brown is busy at the moment - will you hold or would you like him to call you back?) czekać (przy telefonie)21) (to continue to sing: Please hold that note for four whole beats.) trzymać22) (to keep (something): They'll hold your luggage at the station until you collect it.) przechowywać23) ((of the future) to be going to produce: I wonder what the future holds for me?) gotować2. noun1) (the act of holding: He caught/got/laid/took hold of the rope and pulled; Keep hold of that rope.) chwyt2) (power; influence: He has a strange hold over that girl.) wpływ3) ((in wrestling etc) a manner of holding one's opponent: The wrestler invented a new hold.) chwyt•- - holder- hold-all
- get hold of
- hold back
- hold down
- hold forth
- hold good
- hold it
- hold off
- hold on
- hold out
- hold one's own
- hold one's tongue
- hold up
- hold-up
- hold with II [həuld] noun((in ships) the place, below the deck, where cargo is stored.) ładownia -
2 proof
[pruːf] 1. n 2. adjproof against — odporny na +acc
to be 70% proof — alcohol zawierać 40% alkoholu
* * *[pru:f]1) ((a piece of) evidence, information etc that shows definitely that something is true: We still have no proof that he is innocent.) dowód2) (a first copy of a printed sheet, that can be corrected before the final printing: She was correcting the proofs of her novel.) pierwsza korekta3) (in photography, the first print from a negative.) odbitka próbna•- - proof -
3 think
[θɪŋk] 1. pt, pp thought, vi 2. vtto think of — (reflect upon, show consideration for) myśleć (pomyśleć perf) o +loc; ( recall) przypominać (przypomnieć perf) sobie +acc; ( conceive) pomyśleć ( perf) o +loc
to think about sth/sb — myśleć (pomyśleć perf) o czymś/kimś
I think so/not — myślę, że tak/nie
Phrasal Verbs:- think up* * *[Ɵiŋk] 1. past tense, past participle - thought; verb1) ((often with about) to have or form ideas in one's mind: Can babies think?; I was thinking about my mother.) myśleć2) (to have or form opinions in one's mind; to believe: He thinks (that) the world is flat; What do you think of his poem?; What do you think about his suggestion?; He thought me very stupid.) sądzić, uważać3) (to intend or plan (to do something), usually without making a final decision: I must think what to do; I was thinking of/about going to London next week.) zastanawiać się4) (to imagine or expect: I never thought to see you again; Little did he think that I would be there as well.) spodziewać się2. noun(the act of thinking: Go and have a think about it.) myśl- thinker- - thought-out
- think better of
- think highly
- well
- badly of
- think little of / not think much of
- think of
- think out
- think over
- think twice
- think up
- think the world of -
4 boil down to
sprowadzać się (sprowadzić się perf) do +gen* * *(to amount to; to indicate as a final analysis or judgement: It all boils down to money; What it boils down to is that you have to make a choice between family and career.) sprowadzać się do czegoś -
5 heat
[hiːt] 1. n( warmth) gorąco nt, ciepło nt; ( temperature) ciepło nt, temperatura f; ( weather) upał m; ( excitement) gorączka f; (also: qualifying heat) wyścig m eliminacyjny2. vtPhrasal Verbs:- heat up* * *[hi:t] 1. noun1) (the amount of hotness (of something), especially of things which are very hot: Test the heat of the water before you bath the baby.) temperatura2) (the warmth from something which is hot: The heat from the fire will dry your coat; the effect of heat on metal; the heat of the sun.) żar3) (the hottest time: the heat of the day.) skwar4) (anger or excitement: He didn't mean to be rude - he just said that in the heat of the moment.) uniesienie, zdenerwowanie5) (in a sports competition etc, one of two or more contests from which the winners go on to take part in later stages of the competition: Having won his heat he is going through to the final.) eliminacja2. verb((sometimes with up) to make or become hot or warm: We'll heat (up) the soup; The day heats up quickly once the sun has risen.) (pod)grzać- heated- heatedly
- heatedness
- heater
- heating
- heat wave
- in/on heat See also:- hot -
6 instalment
[ɪn'stɔːlmənt](US installment) n( of payment) rata f; (of story, TV serial) odcinek m* * *1) (one payment out of a number of payments into which an amount of money, especially a debt, is divided: The new carpet is being paid for by monthly instalments.) rata2) (a part of a story that is printed one part at a time eg in a weekly magazine, or read in parts on the radio: Did you hear the final instalment last week?) odcinek -
7 judge
[dʒʌdʒ] 1. n ( JUR) 2. vtcompetition, match sędziować; ( estimate) określać (określić perf), oceniać (ocenić perf); ( evaluate) oceniać; ( consider) uznawać (uznać perf) za +acc3. viwydawać (wydać perf) opinięjudging/to judge by his expression — sądząc z jego wyrazu twarzy
* * *1. verb1) (to hear and try (cases) in a court of law: Who will be judging this murder case?) sądzić2) (to decide which is the best in a competition etc: Is she going to judge the singing competition again?; Who will be judging the vegetables at the flower show?; Who is judging at the horse show?) sędziować3) (to consider and form an idea of; to estimate: You can't judge a man by his appearance; Watch how a cat judges the distance before it jumps; She couldn't judge whether he was telling the truth.) oceniać4) (to criticize for doing wrong: We have no right to judge him - we might have done the same thing ourselves.) osądzać2. noun1) (a public officer who hears and decides cases in a law court: The judge asked if the jury had reached a verdict.) sędzia2) (a person who decides which is the best in a competition etc: The judge's decision is final (= you cannot argue with the judge's decision); He was asked to be on the panel of judges at the beauty contest.) sędzia3) (a person who is skilled at deciding how good etc something is: He says she's honest, and he's a good judge of character; He seems a very fine pianist to me, but I'm no judge.) znawca•- judgement- judgment
- judging from / to judge from
- pass judgement on
- pass judgement -
8 leg
[lɛg]n(of person, animal, table) noga f; ( of trousers) nogawka f; ( CULIN) (of lamb, pork) udziec m; ( of chicken) udko nt; ( of journey etc) etap m1st/2nd/final leg (SPORT) — pierwsza/druga/ostatnia runda
to get one's leg over ( inf) — zaliczyć ( perf) dziewczynę/chłopaka (inf)
* * *[leɡ]1) (one of the limbs by which animals and man walk: The horse injured a front leg; She stood on one leg.) noga2) (the part of an article of clothing that covers one of these limbs closely: He has torn the leg of his trousers.) nogawka3) (a long, narrow support of a table etc: One of the legs of the chair was broken.) noga4) (one stage in a journey, competition etc: the last leg of the trip; the second leg of the contest.) etap•- - legged- pull someone's leg -
9 set
[sɛt] 1. n( of problems) zespół m; (of saucepans, books) komplet m; ( of people) grupa f; (also: radio set) radio nt, odbiornik m radiowy; (also: TV set) telewizor m, odbiornik m telewizyjny; (TENNIS) set m; ( MATH) zbiór m; (FILM) plan m; ( THEAT) dekoracje pl; ( of hair) ułożenie nt, modelowanie nt2. adj 3. vt; pt, pp setplace, stage przygotowywać (przygotować perf); time, rules ustalać (ustalić perf); record ustanawiać (ustanowić perf); alarm, watch nastawiać (nastawić perf); task, exercise zadawać (zadać perf); exam układać (ułożyć perf); ( TYP) składać (złożyć perf)4. vi; pt, pp setsun zachodzić (zajść perf); jelly, concrete tężeć (stężeć perf); glue wysychać (wyschnąć perf); bone zrastać się (zrosnąć się perf)to set the table — nakrywać (nakryć perf) do stołu
to set sth to music — komponować (skomponować perf) muzykę do czegoś
to set free — uwalniać (uwolnić perf), zwalniać (zwolnić perf)
to set sail — podnosić (podnieść perf) żagle
Phrasal Verbs:- set back- set in- set off- set out- set up* * *[set] 1. present participle - setting; verb1) (to put or place: She set the tray down on the table.) kłaść2) (to put plates, knives, forks etc on (a table) for a meal: Please would you set the table for me?) nakrywać do3) (to settle or arrange (a date, limit, price etc): It's difficult to set a price on a book when you don't know its value.) ustalać, określać4) (to give a person (a task etc) to do: The witch set the prince three tasks; The teacher set a test for her pupils; He should set the others a good example.) dawać5) (to cause to start doing something: His behaviour set people talking.) skłaniać do6) ((of the sun etc) to disappear below the horizon: It gets cooler when the sun sets.) zachodzić7) (to become firm or solid: Has the concrete set?) zastygnąć, wiązać8) (to adjust (eg a clock or its alarm) so that it is ready to perform its function: He set the alarm for 7.00 a.m.) nastawić9) (to arrange (hair) in waves or curls.) ułożyć10) (to fix in the surface of something, eg jewels in a ring.) osadzić11) (to put (broken bones) into the correct position for healing: They set his broken arm.) nastawić, złożyć2. adjective1) (fixed or arranged previously: There is a set procedure for doing this.) ustalony, stały2) ((often with on) ready, intending or determined (to do something): He is set on going.) gotowy, zdeterminowany3) (deliberate: He had the set intention of hurting her.) rozmyślny, postanowiony4) (stiff; fixed: He had a set smile on his face.) nieruchomy5) (not changing or developing: set ideas.) stały, ustalony6) ((with with) having something set in it: a gold ring set with diamonds.) wysadzony3. noun1) (a group of things used or belonging together: a set of carving tools; a complete set of (the novels of) Jane Austen.) zestaw, komplet2) (an apparatus for receiving radio or television signals: a television/radio set.) odbiornik3) (a group of people: the musical set.) zespół4) (the process of setting hair: a shampoo and set.) ułożenie5) (scenery for a play or film: There was a very impressive set in the final act.) dekoracje, plan6) (a group of six or more games in tennis: She won the first set and lost the next two.) set•- setting- setback
- set phrase
- set-square
- setting-lotion
- set-to
- set-up
- all set
- set about
- set someone against someone
- set against someone
- set someone against
- set against
- set aside
- set back
- set down
- set in
- set off
- set something or someone on someone
- set on someone
- set something or someone on
- set on
- set out
- set to
- set up
- set up camp
- set up house
- set up shop
- set upon -
10 straight
[streɪt] 1. adjline, back, hair prosty; answer jasny; choice, fight bezpośredni; ( THEAT) part, play dramatyczny; whisky etc czysty; ( inf) ( heterosexual) normalny2. adv 3. nto put/get sth straight — ( make clear) wyjaśniać (wyjaśnić perf) coś; ( make tidy) doprowadzać (doprowadzić perf) coś do porządku
to go straight home — iść (pójść perf) prosto do domu
to tell sb straight out — powiedzieć ( perf) komuś prosto z mostu
straight away, straight off — od razu
* * *[streit] 1. adjective1) (not bent or curved: a straight line; straight (= not curly) hair; That line is not straight.) prosty2) ((of a person, his behaviour etc) honest, frank and direct: Give me a straight answer!) rzetelny3) (properly or levelly positioned: Your tie isn't straight.) prosty4) (correct and tidy: I'll never get this house straight!; Now let's get the facts straight!) w należytym, porządku5) ((of drinks) not mixed: a straight gin.) czysty6) ((of a face, expression etc) not smiling or laughing: You should keep a straight face while you tell a joke.) poważny7) ((of an actor) playing normal characters, or (of a play) of the ordinary type - not a musical or variety show.) dramatyczny2. adverb1) (in a straight, not curved, line; directly: His route went straight across the desert; She can't steer straight; Keep straight on.) prosto2) (immediately, without any delay: He went straight home after the meeting.) od razu3) (honestly or fairly: You're not playing (= behaving) straight.) uczciwie3. noun(the straight part of something, eg of a racecourse: He's in the final straight.) prosta- straightness
- straightforward
- straightforwardly
- straightforwardness
- straight talking
- go straight
- straight away
- straighten out/up
- a straight fight
- straight off -
11 the upshot
(the result or end (of a matter): What was the final upshot of that affair?) wynik
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