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1 surface voltage
surface voltage Stoßspannung fEnglish-German dictionary of Electrical Engineering and Electronics > surface voltage
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2 surface voltage generator
surface voltage generator Stoßspannungsgenerator mEnglish-German dictionary of Electrical Engineering and Electronics > surface voltage generator
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3 surface voltage gradient
surface voltage gradient Schrittspannung fEnglish-German dictionary of Electrical Engineering and Electronics > surface voltage gradient
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4 surface voltage recorder
surface voltage recorder Stoßspannungsschreiber mEnglish-German dictionary of Electrical Engineering and Electronics > surface voltage recorder
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5 surface voltage test
surface voltage test Stoßspannungsprüfung fEnglish-German dictionary of Electrical Engineering and Electronics > surface voltage test
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6 напряжение на поверхности земли
напряжение на поверхности земли
Напряжение между рассматриваемой точкой на поверхности Земли и относительной землей.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-195-2005]
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]EN
earth-surface voltage (to earth)
ground-surface voltage (to ground) (US)
voltage between a specified point on the Earth's surface and reference earth
[IEV number 195-05-08]FR
potentiel du sol par rapport à la terre
tension entre un point spécifié à la surface de la Terre et la terre de référence
[IEV number 195-05-08]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > напряжение на поверхности земли
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7 НКУ защищенное
НКУ защищенное
НКУ закрытое со всех сторон (за возможным исключением монтажной поверхности), в котором после его установки обеспечивается степень защиты не менее IP2X.
[ ГОСТ Р 51321. 1-2000 ( МЭК 60439-1-92)]
защищенное НКУ
НКУ, конструкция которого обеспечивает требуемую степень защиты со всех сторон от прикосновения к частям, находящимся под напряжением (за исключением монтажной поверхности).
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 61439.1-2013]EN
enclosed assembly (of switchgear and controlgear)
an assembly enclosed on all sides, top and bottom in such a manner as to provide a specified degree of protection
NOTE – The mounting surface may form a part of the enclosure when specified in the relevant publication.
[IEV number 441-12-02]FR
ensemble (d'appareillage de connexion et de commande)
sous enveloppe
ensemble comportant une paroi sur toutes ses faces latérales, supérieure et inférieure, de façon à assurer un degré de protection spécifié
NOTE – La surface de montage peut faire partie de l'enveloppe lorsqu'une publication particulière le spécifie.
[IEV number 441-12-0
Шкаф - защищенное НКУ, предназначенное для установки на полу
Safety enclosed boards are used for most new installations. Common terms used to designate equipment of this type are metal-enclosed switchgear and metal-clad switchgear.
Most safety enclosed boards are of the unit or sectional type. They consist of a combination of the desired number and type of standardized unit sections.
Each section is a standard factory-assembled combination of a formed steel panel and apparatus mounted on a steel framework.
Safety enclosed switchgear may be classified with respect to purpose of application as follows:
1. General medium- or high-voltage switchgear
2. Primary unit substations
3. Rectifier unit substations
4. Secondary unit substations or power centers
5. General low-voltage switchgear
6. Low-voltage distribution switchboards
7. Motor-control-center switchboards
[American electricians’ handbook]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
Классификация
>>>Обобщающие термины
Синонимы
EN
- enclosed assembly (of switchgear and controlgear)
- enclosed switchboard
- safety enclosed board
- safety enclosed switchgear
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > НКУ защищенное
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8 шаговое напряжение
шаговое напряжение
Напряжение между двумя точками на поверхности Земли, находящимися на расстоянии 1 м одна от другой, которое рассматривается как длина шага человека.
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-195-2005]EN
step voltage
voltage between two points on the Earth's surface that are 1 m distant from each other, which is considered to be the stride length of a person
[IEV number 195-05-12]FR
tension de pas
tension entre deux points de la surface de la Terre distants de 1 m, ce qui est considéré comme la longueur de l'enjambée d'une personne
[IEV number 195-05-12]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > шаговое напряжение
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9 длительный допустимый ток
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
(длительный) допустимый ток
Максимальное значение электрического тока, который может протекать длительно по проводнику, устройству или аппарату при определенных условиях без превышения определенного значения их температуры в установившемся режиме
[ ГОСТ Р МЭК 60050-826-2009]
Этот ток обозначают IZ
[ ГОСТ Р 50571. 1-2009 ( МЭК 60364-1: 2005)]EN
(continuous) current-carrying capacity
ampacity (US)
maximum value of electric current which can be carried continuously by a conductor, a device or an apparatus, under specified conditions without its steady-state temperature exceeding a specified value
[IEV number 826-11-13]
ampacity
The current in amperes that a conductor can carry continuously under the conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
[National Electrical Cod]FR
courant (permanent) admissible, m
valeur maximale du courant électrique qui peut parcourir en permanence, un conducteur, un dispositif ou un appareil, sans que sa température de régime permanent, dans des conditions données, soit supérieure à la valeur spécifiée
[IEV number 826-11-13]Ampacity, the term is defined as the maximum amount of current a cable can carry before sustaining immediate or progressive deterioration. Also described as current rating or current-carrying capacity, is the RMS electric current which a device can continuously carry while remaining within its temperature rating. The ampacity of a cable depends on:
- its insulation temperature rating;
- conductor electrical properties for current;
- frequency, in the case of alternating currents;
- ability to dissipate heat, which depends on cable geometry and its surroundings;
- ambient temperature.
Electric wires have some resistance, and electric current flowing through them causes voltage drop and power dissipation, which heats the cable. Copper or aluminum can conduct a large amount of current before melting, but long before the conductors melt, their insulation would be damaged by the heat.
The ampacity for a power cable is thus based on physical and electrical properties of the material & construction of the conductor and of its insulation, ambient temperature, and environmental conditions adjacent to the cable. Having a large overall surface area may dissipate heat well if the environment can absorb the heat.
In a long run of cable, different conditions govern, and installation regulations normally specify that the most severe condition along the run governs the cable's rating. Cables run in wet or oily locations may carry a lower temperature rating than in a dry installation. Derating is necessary for multiple circuits in close proximity. When multiple cables are near, each contributes heat to the others and diminishes the amount of cooling air that can flow past the individual cables. The overall ampacity of the insulated conductors in a bundle of more than 3 must be derated, whether in a raceway or cable. Usually the de-rating factor is tabulated in a nation's wiring regulations.
Depending on the type of insulating material, common maximum allowable temperatures at the surface of the conductor are 60, 75 and 90 degrees Celsius, often with an ambient air temperature of 30°C. In the U.S., 105°C is allowed with ambient of 40°C, for larger power cables, especially those operating at more than 2 kV. Likewise, specific insulations are rated 150, 200 or 250°C.
The allowed current in cables generally needs to be decreased (derated) when the cable is covered with fireproofing material.
For example, the United States National Electric Code, Table 310-16, specifies that up to three 8 AWG copper wires having a common insulating material (THWN) in a raceway, cable, or direct burial has an ampacity of 50 A when the ambient air is 30°C, the conductor surface temperature allowed to be 75°C. A single insulated conductor in air has 70 A rating.
Ampacity rating is normally for continuous current, and short periods of overcurrent occur without harm in most cabling systems. The acceptable magnitude and duration of overcurrent is a more complex topic than ampacity.
When designing an electrical system, one will normally need to know the current rating for the following:- Wires
- Printed Circuit Board traces, where included
- Fuses
- Circuit breakers
- All or nearly all components used
Some devices are limited by power rating, and when this power rating occurs below their current limit, it is not necessary to know the current limit to design a system. A common example of this is lightbulb holders.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampacity]
Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
Синонимы
EN
DE
- Dauerstrombelastbarkeit, f
- Strombelastbarkeit, f
FR
- courant admissible, m
- courant permanent admissible, m
Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > длительный допустимый ток
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10 ripple
1. noun 2. intransitive verb1) [See:] sich kräuseln; [Welle:] plätschern2) (sound) erklingen3. transitive verb* * *['ripl] 1. noun(a little wave or movement on the surface of water etc: He threw the stone into the pond, and watched the ripples spread across the water.) die Kräuselung, kleine Welle2. verb* * *rip·ple[ˈrɪpl̩]I. n\ripples of the crisis are continuing to spread die Krise schlägt weiterhin [ihre] Wellena \ripple of applause ein kurzer Applausa \ripple of laughter ein leises Lachena \ripple of excitement ein Schauer der Erregungnews of the war hardly caused a \ripple die Berichte über den Krieg verhallten nahezu wirkungsloschocolate/raspberry \ripple [Vanille]eiscreme, die marmorartig mit Schokoladen-/Himbeersirup durchzogen istII. vi2. (flow with waves) [kleine] Wellen schlagen, plätschern3. (move with waves) grain wogenhis muscles \rippled under his skin man sah das Spiel seiner Muskeln [unter der Haut]III. vt1. (produce wave in)to \ripple the water das Wasser kräuseln2. (make wavy)to \ripple grain Getreide wogen lassento \ripple muscles die Muskeln spielenlassen* * *['rɪpl]1. nlittle ripples spread out across the water —
a ripple of laughter — ein kurzes Lachen; (girls') ein perlendes Lachen
2. vi3. vtwater kräuseln; corn wogen lassen; muscles spielen lassen* * *ripple1 [ˈrıpl]A v/i1. (kleine) Wellen schlagen, sich kräuseln2. (dahin-)plätschern (auch fig Gespräch etc), (dahin)rieseln, murmeln3. (leicht) wogen (Ährenfeld):4. spielen (Muskeln)B v/t2. in wellenartige oder wogende Bewegung versetzenC s1. a) Kräuselung f (von Wasser, Sand)b) pl kleine Wellen pl, Kabbelung fc) → academic.ru/62523/ripple_mark">ripple mark;a) für Aufsehen sorgen,b) Eindruck machen2. Rieseln n, Plätschern n3. ELEK kleine Welle, Welligkeit f4. fig Dahinplätschern n, (sanftes) Auf und Ab:ripple of conversation munter dahinfließende Konversation;ripple of laughter leises oder gedämpftes Lachen5. Spiel n (der Muskeln)D adj ELEK pulsierend, Brumm…, Welligkeits…:ripple voltage Brummspannung fripple2 [ˈrıpl]A s Riffelkamm mB v/t Flachs riffeln* * *1. noun 2. intransitive verb1) [See:] sich kräuseln; [Welle:] plätschern2) (sound) erklingen3. transitive verb* * *n.Brummspannung f.Welligkeit f. -
11 dead
< gen> ■ tot<tech.gen> (gen.; person, animal, line) ■ tot< agri> (tree, forest; e.g. due to acid rain) ■ abgestorben<el> (no voltage applied, present) ■ spannungslos; spannunglos rar< food> (e.g. sparkling water, carbonated soft drink, beer) ■ abgestanden< min> ■ taub< phys> ■ ruhend< srfc> (color, paint, finish) ■ stumpf; abgestumpft
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