stoicorum+c

campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].

In gen.

Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

in camporum patentium aequoribus,

Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

aequor campi,

Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

aequo dare se campo,

id. 9, 56:

in aequo campi,

Liv. 5, 38, 4:

campos pedibus transire,

Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

campos et montes peragrantes,

Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

virentes,

Lucr. 1, 19:

frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

Verg. G. 2, 185:

gramineus,

id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

pingues Asiae,

id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

herbosus,

id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

herbidus aquosusque,

Liv. 9, 2, 7:

opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

id. 22, 3, 3:

pigri,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

si pinguis agros metabere campi,

Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

certamina magna per campos instructa,

id. 2, 5:

campus terrenus,

Liv. 33, 17, 8:

dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

id. 24, 14, 6:

(praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

campum colligere,

Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—

Meton., the produce of the field:

moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

Stat. Th. 5, 528.—

Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

caeruleos per campos,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

campi natantes,

Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

liquentes,

Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

campus Liberioris aquae,

Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

latus aquarum,

id. ib. 1, 315;

11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

Verg. A. 5, 128.—

Trop.:

feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

(oratio) aequo congressa campo,

on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

velut campum nacti expositionis,

id. 4, 2, 39.—

Esp.

As geog. designation.

Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—

Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—

Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—

Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—

Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—

An open place in or near Rome.

Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—

Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —

Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —

Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,

Meton., the comitia themselves:

curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

fors domina campi,

id. Pis. 2, 3:

venalis,

Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—

Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.

campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

marini = hippocampi,

Mart. 9, 43, 1.

campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].

In gen.

Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

in camporum patentium aequoribus,

Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

aequor campi,

Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

aequo dare se campo,

id. 9, 56:

in aequo campi,

Liv. 5, 38, 4:

campos pedibus transire,

Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

campos et montes peragrantes,

Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

virentes,

Lucr. 1, 19:

frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

Verg. G. 2, 185:

gramineus,

id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

pingues Asiae,

id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

herbosus,

id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

herbidus aquosusque,

Liv. 9, 2, 7:

opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

id. 22, 3, 3:

pigri,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

si pinguis agros metabere campi,

Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

certamina magna per campos instructa,

id. 2, 5:

campus terrenus,

Liv. 33, 17, 8:

dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

id. 24, 14, 6:

(praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

campum colligere,

Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—

Meton., the produce of the field:

moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

Stat. Th. 5, 528.—

Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

caeruleos per campos,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

campi natantes,

Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

liquentes,

Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

campus Liberioris aquae,

Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

latus aquarum,

id. ib. 1, 315;

11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

Verg. A. 5, 128.—

Trop.:

feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

(oratio) aequo congressa campo,

on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

velut campum nacti expositionis,

id. 4, 2, 39.—

Esp.

As geog. designation.

Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—

Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—

Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—

Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—

Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—

An open place in or near Rome.

Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—

Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —

Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —

Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,

Meton., the comitia themselves:

curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

fors domina campi,

id. Pis. 2, 3:

venalis,

Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—

Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.

campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

marini = hippocampi,

Mart. 9, 43, 1.

campus, i, m. [cf. kêpos, Dor. kapos; perh. for scampus from skaptô, to dig, scabo; whence Campania, and perh. Capua; for the inserted m, cf. AAB-' lambanô].

In gen.

Lit., of any open, level land, without reference to cultivation or use, an even, flat place, a plain, field (freq. and class.; cf.: ager, planities, aequor; opp. mons, collis, silva, etc.; cf.

Doed. Syn. III. p. 8 sq.): saxum plani raptim petit aequora campi,

Lucr. 3, 1015; cf. id. 5, 950:

in camporum patentium aequoribus,

Cic. Div. 1, 42, 93:

aequor campi,

Verg. A. 7, 781; Sil. 5, 376:

aequo dare se campo,

id. 9, 56:

in aequo campi,

Liv. 5, 38, 4:

campos pedibus transire,

Lucr. 4, 460; cf. id. 5, 493:

campos et montes peragrantes,

Cic. Div. 1, 42, 94; cf. id. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

spatia frugifera atque immensa camporum,

id. ib. 2, 64, 161; Col. 1, 2, 4; Lucr. 5, 1372:

campus in prata et arva salictaque et arundineta digestus,

Col. 1, 2, 3; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 18, 25; Curt. 8, 1, 4; Lucr. 5, 782; Tib. 4, 3, 1:

virentes,

Lucr. 1, 19:

frequens herbis et fertilis ubere,

Verg. G. 2, 185:

gramineus,

id. A. 5, 287; Hor. C. 2, 5, 6:

pingues Asiae,

id. Ep. 1, 3, 5: redeunt jam gramina campis, id. C. 4, 7, 1:

herbosus,

id. ib. 3, 18, 9:

herbidus aquosusque,

Liv. 9, 2, 7:

opimus, id'. 31, 41, 7: campi frumenti ac pecoris et omnium copiā rerum opulenti,

id. 22, 3, 3:

pigri,

Hor. C. 1, 22, 17 al. —

Campus, like ager, is used in a wider or more restricted sense, as conveying a particular or more general idea: in agro publico campi duo milia jugerum immunia possidere,

Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:

agros Vaticanum et Pupinium, cum suis opimis atque uberibus campis conferendos,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

si pinguis agros metabere campi,

Verg. G. 2, 274 and 276; Lucr. 2, 324 sq.:

certamina magna per campos instructa,

id. 2, 5:

campus terrenus,

Liv. 33, 17, 8:

dimicaturum puro ac patenti campo,

id. 24, 14, 6:

(praefecti regii) suas copias in campum Marathona deduxerunt,

Nep. Milt. 4, 2: numquam in campo ( in the free, open field) sui fecit potestatem, id. Ages. 3, 6; so id. Hann. 5, 4; Ov. M. 10, 151; cf. id. ib. 13, 579:

insistere Bedriacensibus campis ac vestigia recentis victoriae lustrare oculis concupivit (Vitellius),

Tac. H. 2, 70; so,

Bebriaci Campo spolium affectare,

the battlefield, Juv. 2, 106:

campum colligere,

Veg. Mil. 3, 25.—

Meton., the produce of the field:

moriturque ad sibila (serpentis) campus,

Stat. Th. 5, 528.—

Poet. like aequor, in gen., any level surface (of the sea, a rock, etc.):

caeruleos per campos,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 15:

campi natantes,

Lucr. 5, 489; 6, 405; 6, 1141:

liquentes,

Verg. A. 6, 724; 10, 214:

campus Liberioris aquae,

Ov. M. 1, 41; 1, 43:

latus aquarum,

id. ib. 1, 315;

11, 356: immotā attollitur undā Campus (i. e. saxum),

Verg. A. 5, 128.—

Trop.:

feratur eloquentia non semitis sed campis,

on the open field, Quint. 5, 14, 31:

(oratio) aequo congressa campo,

on a fair field, id. 5, 12, 92:

velut campum nacti expositionis,

id. 4, 2, 39.—

Esp.

As geog. designation.

Campi Alēii, a plain in Lycia, Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 63.—

Campi Lăpĭdĕi, a stony plain near Marseilles, now La Crau, Hyg. Astr. 2, 6; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 34; 21, 10, 31, § 57.—

Campi Ma-cri, a district in Gallia Cisalpina, on the river Macra, Varr. R. R. 2, prooem. § 6; Liv. 41, 18, 6; 45, 12, 11.—

Campi Magni, in Africa, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167 (cf. Vahl. p. 167); Liv. 30, 8, 3.—

Campi Vĕtĕres, in Lucania, Liv. 25, 16, 25.—

An open place in or near Rome.

Campus Esquĭlīnus, on the Esquiline Hill, Cic. Phil. 9, 7, 17; Suet. Claud. 25.—

Campus Flāmĭnĭus, on which stood the Circus Flaminius, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll. —

Campus Scĕlĕrātus, near the Colline Gate, Liv. 8, 15, 8; Fest. p. 333 Müll. —

Far more freq. Campus, a grassy plain in Rome along the Tiber, in the ninth district, orig. belonging to the Tarquinii, after whose expulsion it was consecrated to Mars (Liv. 2, 5, 2); hence fully called Campus Martĭus, a place of assembly for the Roman people at the comitia centuriata, Cic. Cat. 1, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1; id. Rab. Perd. 4, 11; Hor. C. 3, 1, 11; Quint. 11, 1, 47 al.—Hence,

Meton., the comitia themselves:

curiam pro senatu, campum pro comitiis,

Cic. de Or. 3, 42, 167:

fors domina campi,

id. Pis. 2, 3:

venalis,

Luc. 1, 180; also, much resorted to by the Romans for games, exercise, and recreation, a place for military drills, etc. (cf. campicursio and campidoctor), Cic. Off. 1, 29, 104; id. Quint. 18, 59; id. Fat. 4, 8; 15, 34; id. de Or. 2, 62, 253; 2, 71, 287; Hor. C. 1, 8, 4; 1, 9, 18; 3, 7, 26; id. S. 1, 6, 126; 2, 6, 49; id. Ep. 1, 7, 59; 1, 11, 4; id. A. P. 162.—

Trop., a place of action, a field, a theatre, opportunity, subject for debate, etc. (cf. area) (a favorite figure of Cic.):

me ex hoc ut ita dicam campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias revocas,

Cic. Caecin. 29, 84:

cum sit campus, in quo exsultare possit oratio, cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

id. Ac. 2, 35, 112; cf. id. de Or. 3, 19, 70:

in hoc tanto tamque immenso campo cum liceat oratori vagari libere,

id. ib. 3, 31, 124:

magnus est in re publicā campus, multis apertus cursus ad laudem,

id. Phil. 14, 6, 17:

nullum vobis sors campum dedit, in quo excurrere virtus cognoscique posset,

id. Mur. 8, 18; Plin. Pan. 31, 1: honoris et gloriae campus, id. [p. 276] ib. 70, 8:

rhetorum campus de Marathone, Salamine, Plataeis, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; Juv. 1, 19.

campus, i, m., = kampos, a seaanimal:

marini = hippocampi,

Mart. 9, 43, 1.

certāmen, ĭnis, n. [id.], a contest, struggle, strife, whether friendly or hostile, physical or intellectual; most freq. of a pugilistic contest of any kind; but also of contention in war.

A contest, struggle in games or otherwise.

Lit.:

videmusne apud quos eorum ludorum, qui gymnici nominantur, magnus honos sit, nullum ab iis, qui in id certamen descendant, devitari dolorem?

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 62; cf. id. de Or. 2, 78, 317:

Hac celebrata tenus sancto certamina patri,

Verg. A. 5, 603; cf. Ov. M. 1, 446:

luctandi,

Quint. 12, 2, 12:

saliendi,

id. 10, 3, 6:

citharoedorum,

id. 4, 1, 2:

sacra,

id. 2, 8, 7 Spald.:

quinquennale triplex, musicum, gymnicum, equestre,

Suet. Ner. 12; cf. id. Vit. 4; id. Dom. 4:

bijugum,

Verg. A. 5, 144:

quadrigarum,

Suet. Claud. 21:

pedum,

Ov. M. 12, 304:

cursus,

id. ib. 7, 792;

10, 560: disci,

id. ib. 10, 177:

Veneris,

id. Am. 2, 10, 29 et saep.—

Meton., poet., the object contended for, the prize, Ov. M. 13, 129:

pecoris magistris Velocis jaculi certamina ponit in ulmo,

Verg. G. 2, 530 Heyne.—

Trop., a rivalry, contest, struggle, emulation, etc.:

certamen honestum (Stoicorum et Peripateticorum),

Cic. Fin. 2, 21, 68:

est mihi tecum pro aris et focis certamen,

id. N. D. 3, 40, 94:

est alicui certamen cum aliquo de principatu,

Nep. Them. 6, 3: certamen honoris et gloriae. Cic. Lael. 10, 34; cf. id. Off. 1, 12, 38; Sall. J. 41, 2; Quint. 10, 5, 5:

bona ratio cum perditā confligit. In ejus modi certamine ac proelio,

Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

pugna forensium certaminum,

id. 5, 12, 22:

eloquentiae inter juvenes,

Quint. 2, 17, 8:

verborum linguaeque,

Liv. 10, 22, 6:

laboris ac periculi,

id. 28, 19, 14:

amicitiae, benevolentiae,

id. 37, 53, 7:

bonae artis ac virtutis,

id. 37, 54, 19:

irarum,

id. 1, 7, 2; cf. id. 3, 39, 3:

conferendi (pecuniam),

id. 4, 60, 8:

patrum animos certamen regni ac cupido versabat,

id. 1, 17, 1; cf. id. 21, 31, 6:

leti (inter mulieres Indas),

Prop. 3 (4), 13, 19:

diu magnum inter mortales certamen fuit, vine corporis an virtute animi, etc.,

Sall. C. 1, 5; cf. Tib. 4, 1, 37.—Rarely with gen. of adversary:

si in virtutis certamen venerint ( = cum virtute),

Cic. Fin. 5, 24, 71 Madv. ad loc.— Poet.:

mite vini,

a drinking bout, Tib. 3, 6, 11.—Also poet.: certamina ponere, syn. with certamina instituere = agôna protithenai, to order, arrange a fight or contest, Verg. A. 5, 66; 8, 639; cf. id. G. 2, 530 Wagn.—Of inanimate things:

Arboribusque datumst variis exinde per auras Crescendi magnum inmissis certamen habenis,

Lucr. 5, 787.—

Esp., a military strife, battle, engagement, contest, fight, combat.

Subject. (diff. from the objective; cf.:

proeliam, pugna, bellum, etc.): horrida Romuleum certamina pango duellum,

Enn. Ann. 1, 1; 1, 476; 2, 6; 5, 1295; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 18, 2; Lucr. 4, 844; Ov. M. 12, 180; Liv. 36, 19, 13:

aeterno certamine proelia pugnasque edere,

Lucr. 2, 117:

fit proelium acri certamine,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 28; cf.:

proelii certamen,

id. B. Alex. 16:

certamine,

with zeal, emulously, earnestly, Verg. A. 5, 197; Curt. [p. 320] 9, 4; Sil. 10, 536; cf.:

nec magni certaminis ea dimicatio fuit,

not severe, Liv. 21, 60, 7. —

Object., = proelium, pugna, etc.:

vario certamine pugnatum est,

Caes. B. C. 1, 46:

erat in celeritate omne positum certamen, utri, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 70:

bella atque certamina,

Sall. C. 33, 5:

ubi res ad certamen venit,

id. J. 13, 4:

in certamine ipso,

Liv. 2, 44, 11:

navalia,

a naval engagement, sea-fight, id. 31, 14, 4:

classicum,

Vell. 2, 85, 2:

saevit medio in certamine Mavors,

Verg. A. 8, 700 et saep.—Hence.

In the postAug. histt. for war in gen., Flor. 1, 20; Eutr. 1, 16; Just. 7, 2, 6; 7, 6, 6.

circum-fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a., lit. to pour out around, i.e. as in circumdo, either with the acc. of that which is poured, to pour around; or, with the acc. of that around which something is poured, to surround with a liquid (class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.

With acc. of the liquid poured (with or without dat. of the object around which):

amurcam ad oleam circumfundito,

Cato, R. R. 93:

Tigris urbi circumfunditur,

surrounds, flows round the town, Plin. 6, 27, 31, § 132.— More freq. in part. perf. pass.:

mare circumfusum urbi,

the sea flowing around the town, Liv. 30, 9, 12:

gens circumfusis invia fluminibus,

Ov. F. 5, 582:

circumfusus nobis spiritus,

Quint. 12, 11, 13:

nec circumfuso pendebat in aëre tellus,

circumambient, Ov. M. 1, 12; imitated by Tib. 4, 1, 151.—

Reflex.: circumfudit se repente nubes,

Lact. 4, 21, 1.—Once mid.: cum fervet (lac), ne circumfundatur, etc., pour itself out around, i. e. run over, Plin. 28, 9, 33, § 126; cf.:

circumfusa nubes,

Verg. A. 1, 586.—

With acc. of the object around which, etc., with or without abl. of the fluid:

(mortuum) cerā circumfuderunt,

Nep. Ages. 8, 7:

terram crassissimus circumfundit aër,

encompasses, envelops, Cic. N. D. 2, 6, 17:

terra circumfusa illo mari, quem oceanum appellatis,

id. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

et multo nebulae circum dea fudit amictu (tmesis),

Verg. A. 1, 412:

quas circumfuderat atra tempestas,

Sil. 7, 723.—

Transf. to objects that do not flow, esp. if there is a great multitude, as it were, heaped upon a thing.

(Acc. to I. 1.) Mid., to press upon, crowd around, embrace closely, cling to (freq. in the histt.):

circumfunduntur ex reliquis hostes partibus,

Caes. B. G. 6, 37; 7, 28; id. B. C. 3. 63:

equites infestis cuspidibus circumfunduntur,

Liv. 10, 36, 9; 25, 34, 9; 27, 19, 3;

44, 23, 8: (Nymphae) circumfusae Dianam Corporibus texere suis,

surrounding, Ov. M. 3, 180:

multitudo circumfusa,

Caes. B. G. 6, 34; Liv. 2, 28, 6; 4, 46, 6; Curt. 8, 14, 31; Quint. 4, 2, 37.—With the dat. of that upon which a multitude presses:

circumfundebantur obviis sciscitantes,

Liv. 22, 7, 11; 22, 14, 15; 26, 27, 10;

29, 34, 14 al.: circumfusa turba lateri meo,

id. 6, 15, 9: ut lateribus circumfundi posset equitatus. Curt. 3, 9, 12. —With acc. (depending on circum): Pacidiussuos equites exporrigere coepit... uthaberent facultatem turmas Julianas circumfundi, to surround, encompass them, Auct. B. Afr. 78 Oud. N. cr. — Poet. also of a single person: et nunc hac juveni, nunc circumfunditur illac, i. e. clings to, or closely embraces him, Ov. M. 4, 360; 14, 354; cf. with acc.:

hunc (sc. Mavortem), tu, diva, tuo recubantem corpore sancto circumfusa super,

Lucr. 1, 40.—

So once in the active voice, absol.:

circumfudit eques,

Tac. A. 3, 46.—

Trop.:

undique circumfusae molestiae,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:

non est tantum ab hostibus aetati nostrae periculum, quantum ab circumfusis undique voluptatibus, Liv 30, 14, 6: circumfuso nitore,

Quint. 4, 1, 59.—

(Acc. to I. 2.) To enclose, environ, surround, overwhelm:

circumfusus publicorum praesidiorum copiis,

Cic. Mil. 26, 71:

praefectum castrorum circumfundunt,

Tac. A. 12, 38; so id. H. 2, 19; 4, 20; id. A. 13, 40; Plin. [p. 339] 5, 12, 13, § 67; Sil. 7, 306:

circumfusus hostium concursu,

Nep. Chabr. 4, 2:

M. Catonem vidi in bibliothecā sedentem, multis circumfusum Stoicorum libris,

Cic. Fin. 3, 2, 7; Quint. 9, 4, 91, Curt. 3, 11, 4:

amplexibus alicujus,

Vell. 2, 123, 3:

X. milia Bojorum alio latere quam exspectabatur missis legionibus circumfudit,

Front. 1, 2, 7.—

Trop.:

cum has terras incolentes circumfusi erant caligine,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 19, 45:

latent ista omnia crassis occultata et circumfusa tenebris,

id. Ac. 2, 39, 122:

ut, quantā luce ea circumfusa sunt, possint agnoscere,

id. ib. 2, 15, 46:

eos stultitiā obruit, tenebris circumfundit,

Lact. 3, 29, 14:

circumfundit, aliquem multo splendore,

Sen. Tranq. 1, 9.

com-pello ( conp-), pŭli, pulsum, 3, v. a., to drive together to a place, to collect, assemble (opp. expello, Cic. Pis. 7, 16;

to dispellere,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149;

and to aspellere,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 46; class.).

Lit. of herds, flocks:

tum compellendum (agnos) in gregem ovium,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18:

armentum in speluncam,

Liv. 1, 7, 5; cf.:

pecoris vim ingentem in saltum avium,

id. 9, 31, 7:

greges in unum,

Verg. E. 7, 2:

pecus totius provinciae,

Cic. Pis. 36, 87: haedorum gregem hibisco ( poet. for ad hibiscum), Verg. E. 2, 30.—Also of other objects:

primordia,

Lucr. 2, 564:

homines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2:

naves (hostium) in portum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 58 fin.:

hostes intra oppida murosque,

id. B. G. 7, 65; so of the driving or forcing of enemies in a body; cf.:

adversarios intra moenia,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3:

hostem fugatum in naves,

Liv. 10, 2, 2:

Dardanos in urbem,

id. 41, 19, 9; Suet. Vit. 15:

oppidanos intra munimenta,

Curt. 8, 11, 1:

hostes in fugam,

Just. 4, 4.—Hence fig.:

bellum Medulliam,

to turn the war thither, Liv. 1, 33, 4:

is (hostes) eo compulit ut locorum angustiis clausi, etc.,

drove them into so close corners, Nep. Ham. 2, 4:

Pompeium domum suam,

Cic. Pis. 7, 16:

ad monumentorum deversoria plebe compulsā,

Suet. Ner. 38: quam (imaginem) virga semel horrida... Nigro compulerit gregi, * Hor. C. 1, 24, 18:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 6, 7 fin. —

Trop.

To bring or press together:

amores nostros dispulsos,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149:

cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112.—Far more freq.,

To drive, bring, move, impel, incite, urge, compel, force, constrain to something; constr. with ad, in, more rarely with ut, the inf. or absol.

With ad (freq. in Suet.):

aliquem ad virtutem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 10:

ad arma,

Cic. Marcell. 5, 13:

ad bellum,

Ov. M. 5, 219:

ad deditionem fame,

Suet. Aug. 14; Curt. 9, 1, 19:

ad necem,

Suet. Aug. 66; id. Calig. 23; id. Ner. 35: ad mortem, id. Tib. 56; Quint. 7, 3, 7:

ad confessionem,

Suet. Claud. 15:

ad pugnam,

id. ib. 21:

ad rapinas,

Luc. 7, 99:

ad defectionem,

Curt. 10, 1, 45:

ad laqueum,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 12:

ad impudicitiam,

Dig. 1, 6, 2.—

With in:

in hunc sensum compellor injuriis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

in eundem metum,

Liv. 25, 29, 8:

in socordiam,

Col. 11, 1, 11:

in mortem,

Quint. 7, 3, 7:

in metum,

Tac. H. 2, 27. —

With ut:

callidum senem callidis dolis Conpuli et perpuli, mihi omnia ut crederet,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 4; Suet. Caes. 1; 24; id. Vesp. 2; Tac. Or. 4; Curt. 8, 8, 2. —

With inf.:

aliquem jussa nefanda pati,

Ov. F. 3, 860; Luc. 3, 144; Suet. Tib. 62; id. Dom. 14; Curt. 5, 1, 35; Just. 16, 5; 30, 3; Gai Inst. 2, 237.—

Absol.:

ceteras nationes conterruit, compulit, domuit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33:

aliquā indignatione compellendus,

Quint. 9, 4, 138:

ille qui aspellit, is conpellit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 46; freq. in perf. part.:

periculis compulsus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 11; Caes. B. C. 3, 41; Liv. 27, 30, 3.

compello ( conp-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. compello; cf. 2. appello, āre, from 1. appello, ĕre, and jugare, from root of jungo], to accost one.

Without implying reproach, to accost, address (mostly poet.): exin compellare pater me voce videtur his verbis, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41 (Ann. v. 45 Vahl.); so, aliquem, id. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 ib.):

aliquem voce,

Verg. A. 5, 161; and:

notis vocibus,

id. ib. 6, 499; cf. Ov. M. 14, 839:

blande hominem,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 72; cf. id. Stich. 2, 1, 43:

familiariter,

id. Men. 2, 3, 23: carmine, * Cat. 64, 24:

talibus agrestem com pellat Oreada dictis,

Ov. M. 8, 787; 12, 585:

Tauream nomine,

Liv. 23, 47, 2; Curt. 4, 13, 20:

aliquem multo honore,

Verg. A. 3, 474:

verbis amicis,

id. ib. 2, 372:

aliquam de stupro,

to invite to unchastity, Val. Max. 6, 1, 2; in like sense absol.:

compellare,

Hyg. Fab. 57.—

In a hostile sense, to address one reproachfully or abusively, to reproach, chide, rebuke, upbraid, abuse, to take to task, call to account (good prose).

In gen.:

mimus nominatim Accium poëtam compellavit in scaenā,

Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:

neque aspexit mater, quin eum fratricidam impiumque detestans compellaret,

Nep. Timol. 1, 5:

pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum compellabat,

Liv. 22, 12, 12; 34, 2, 8:

ne compellarer inultus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 297; 1, 7, 31; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—

Esp., jurid. t. t., of authorities, to summon one to answer a charge; or of adversaries, to arraign one before a tribunal, to accuse of crime (cf. 2. appello):

Q. Ciceronem compellat edicto,

Cic. Phil. 3, 7, 17; id. Red. in Sen. 5, 12; 13, 52:

Nigidius minari in contione, se judicem, qui non adfuerit, compellaturum,

id. Att. 2, 2, 3; so id. Phil. 3, 7, 17; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Liv. 43, 2, 11; Tac. A. 16, 27; Suet. Caes. 17.

con-fūto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [futo, v. intens. from foveo], to check or repress a boiling liquid, to suppress, restrain, check.

Prop.: cocus magnum ahenum quando fervit, paulā confutat truā, Titin. ap. Non. p. 87, 13 (Com. Rel. v. 128 Rib.); cf. Varr. ib. p. 87, 11.—Hence (far more freq.),

Trop.

In gen., to repress, diminish, impede, destroy, put to silence: nostras secundas res, Cato ap. Gell. 7, 3, 14:

maximos dolores inventorum suorum memoriā et recordatione,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 31 88:

audaciam,

id. Part. Or. 38, 134.—

In partic.

To put down by words, to put to silence, confute (so class.): sensus judjcum imperiosis comminationibus, Tiro ap. Gell. 7, 3, 13:

ego istos, qui nunc me culpant, confutaverim,

Plaut. Truc. 2, 3, 28:

iratum senem verbis,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 13; cf.

dictis,

id. Heaut. 5, 1, 76.—

To refute, confute, disprove, answer conclusively:

hunc tactum confutabunt nares?

Lucr. 4, 488:

argumenta Stoicorum,

Cic. Div. 1, 5, 8:

opinionis levitatem,

id. N. D. 2, 17, 45:

ut verba magnifica rebus confutaret,

Liv. 37, 10, 2:

suo sibi argumento confutatus est,

Gell. 5, 10, 16.—

In late Lat., to convict, Cod. Th. 11, 8, 1.—With inf.:

nocuisse quibusdam,

Amm. 26, 3, 1:

tot suscepisse labores et pericula,

id. 17, 9, 5.

com-pello ( conp-), pŭli, pulsum, 3, v. a., to drive together to a place, to collect, assemble (opp. expello, Cic. Pis. 7, 16;

to dispellere,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149;

and to aspellere,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 46; class.).

Lit. of herds, flocks:

tum compellendum (agnos) in gregem ovium,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18:

armentum in speluncam,

Liv. 1, 7, 5; cf.:

pecoris vim ingentem in saltum avium,

id. 9, 31, 7:

greges in unum,

Verg. E. 7, 2:

pecus totius provinciae,

Cic. Pis. 36, 87: haedorum gregem hibisco ( poet. for ad hibiscum), Verg. E. 2, 30.—Also of other objects:

primordia,

Lucr. 2, 564:

homines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2:

naves (hostium) in portum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 58 fin.:

hostes intra oppida murosque,

id. B. G. 7, 65; so of the driving or forcing of enemies in a body; cf.:

adversarios intra moenia,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3:

hostem fugatum in naves,

Liv. 10, 2, 2:

Dardanos in urbem,

id. 41, 19, 9; Suet. Vit. 15:

oppidanos intra munimenta,

Curt. 8, 11, 1:

hostes in fugam,

Just. 4, 4.—Hence fig.:

bellum Medulliam,

to turn the war thither, Liv. 1, 33, 4:

is (hostes) eo compulit ut locorum angustiis clausi, etc.,

drove them into so close corners, Nep. Ham. 2, 4:

Pompeium domum suam,

Cic. Pis. 7, 16:

ad monumentorum deversoria plebe compulsā,

Suet. Ner. 38: quam (imaginem) virga semel horrida... Nigro compulerit gregi, * Hor. C. 1, 24, 18:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 6, 7 fin. —

Trop.

To bring or press together:

amores nostros dispulsos,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149:

cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112.—Far more freq.,

To drive, bring, move, impel, incite, urge, compel, force, constrain to something; constr. with ad, in, more rarely with ut, the inf. or absol.

With ad (freq. in Suet.):

aliquem ad virtutem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 10:

ad arma,

Cic. Marcell. 5, 13:

ad bellum,

Ov. M. 5, 219:

ad deditionem fame,

Suet. Aug. 14; Curt. 9, 1, 19:

ad necem,

Suet. Aug. 66; id. Calig. 23; id. Ner. 35: ad mortem, id. Tib. 56; Quint. 7, 3, 7:

ad confessionem,

Suet. Claud. 15:

ad pugnam,

id. ib. 21:

ad rapinas,

Luc. 7, 99:

ad defectionem,

Curt. 10, 1, 45:

ad laqueum,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 12:

ad impudicitiam,

Dig. 1, 6, 2.—

With in:

in hunc sensum compellor injuriis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

in eundem metum,

Liv. 25, 29, 8:

in socordiam,

Col. 11, 1, 11:

in mortem,

Quint. 7, 3, 7:

in metum,

Tac. H. 2, 27. —

With ut:

callidum senem callidis dolis Conpuli et perpuli, mihi omnia ut crederet,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 4; Suet. Caes. 1; 24; id. Vesp. 2; Tac. Or. 4; Curt. 8, 8, 2. —

With inf.:

aliquem jussa nefanda pati,

Ov. F. 3, 860; Luc. 3, 144; Suet. Tib. 62; id. Dom. 14; Curt. 5, 1, 35; Just. 16, 5; 30, 3; Gai Inst. 2, 237.—

Absol.:

ceteras nationes conterruit, compulit, domuit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33:

aliquā indignatione compellendus,

Quint. 9, 4, 138:

ille qui aspellit, is conpellit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 46; freq. in perf. part.:

periculis compulsus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 11; Caes. B. C. 3, 41; Liv. 27, 30, 3.

compello ( conp-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. compello; cf. 2. appello, āre, from 1. appello, ĕre, and jugare, from root of jungo], to accost one.

Without implying reproach, to accost, address (mostly poet.): exin compellare pater me voce videtur his verbis, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41 (Ann. v. 45 Vahl.); so, aliquem, id. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 ib.):

aliquem voce,

Verg. A. 5, 161; and:

notis vocibus,

id. ib. 6, 499; cf. Ov. M. 14, 839:

blande hominem,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 72; cf. id. Stich. 2, 1, 43:

familiariter,

id. Men. 2, 3, 23: carmine, * Cat. 64, 24:

talibus agrestem com pellat Oreada dictis,

Ov. M. 8, 787; 12, 585:

Tauream nomine,

Liv. 23, 47, 2; Curt. 4, 13, 20:

aliquem multo honore,

Verg. A. 3, 474:

verbis amicis,

id. ib. 2, 372:

aliquam de stupro,

to invite to unchastity, Val. Max. 6, 1, 2; in like sense absol.:

compellare,

Hyg. Fab. 57.—

In a hostile sense, to address one reproachfully or abusively, to reproach, chide, rebuke, upbraid, abuse, to take to task, call to account (good prose).

In gen.:

mimus nominatim Accium poëtam compellavit in scaenā,

Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:

neque aspexit mater, quin eum fratricidam impiumque detestans compellaret,

Nep. Timol. 1, 5:

pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum compellabat,

Liv. 22, 12, 12; 34, 2, 8:

ne compellarer inultus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 297; 1, 7, 31; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—

Esp., jurid. t. t., of authorities, to summon one to answer a charge; or of adversaries, to arraign one before a tribunal, to accuse of crime (cf. 2. appello):

Q. Ciceronem compellat edicto,

Cic. Phil. 3, 7, 17; id. Red. in Sen. 5, 12; 13, 52:

Nigidius minari in contione, se judicem, qui non adfuerit, compellaturum,

id. Att. 2, 2, 3; so id. Phil. 3, 7, 17; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Liv. 43, 2, 11; Tac. A. 16, 27; Suet. Caes. 17.

consentānĕus, a, um, adj. [consentio], agreeing or according with something, suited to, becoming, meet, fit, proper (in good prose; most freq. in Cic.).

With cum: quod quidem erat consentaneum cum iis litteris, quas ego Romae acceperam, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 2.—

With dat. (so most freq.):

formula Stoicorum rationi disciplinaeque maxime consentanea,

Cic. Off. 3, 4, 20:

mors ejus vitae sanctissime actae,

id. Phil. 9, 7, 15; cf. g:

actiones his (motibus, etc.),

id. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

hae disciplinae sibi,

id. Off. 1, 2, 6:

obscura somnia minime majestati deorum,

id. Div. 2, 65, 135:

non necesse esse optumae rei publicae leges dare consentaneas?

id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Fin. 5, 20, 60; id. Part. Or. 2, 7:

his temporibus consentaneum genus litterarum,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 1: illa divisio illi, qui hoc proposuerat, * Quint. 6, 3, 106; Cod. Just. 7, 6, 1, § 8: sententia utilitati rerum consentanea. Dig. 17, 1, 6, § 7.—

Absol.:

vir vitā et morte,

consistent, Vell. 2, 63, 2; cf. b.— Subst.: consentānĕa, ōrum, n., concurrent circumstances:

ex consentaneis (argumenta ducere),

Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 170.—Hence,

Consentaneum est, it agrees with something, it is according to reason, fitting, consistent, proper, etc.

With inf., with or without dat.:

quid consentaneum sit ei dicere, qui, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

cum diceret, ei aliquid dicere consentaneum esse,

id. Ac. 2, 9, 28:

non est consentaneum, qui metu non frangatur, eum frangi cupiditate,

id. ib. 1, 20, 68; id. N. D. 2, 15, 42; id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25.—

With ut, * Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 31.— Adv.: con-sentānĕē, in harmony with (late Lat. and rare):

consentanee cum naturā vivere,

Lact. 3, 8, 20:

narrare aliquid,

according to truth, Hier. in Rufin. 3, 1 fin.

consentānĕus, a, um, adj. [consentio], agreeing or according with something, suited to, becoming, meet, fit, proper (in good prose; most freq. in Cic.).

With cum: quod quidem erat consentaneum cum iis litteris, quas ego Romae acceperam, Cic. Fam. 3, 6, 2.—

With dat. (so most freq.):

formula Stoicorum rationi disciplinaeque maxime consentanea,

Cic. Off. 3, 4, 20:

mors ejus vitae sanctissime actae,

id. Phil. 9, 7, 15; cf. g:

actiones his (motibus, etc.),

id. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

hae disciplinae sibi,

id. Off. 1, 2, 6:

obscura somnia minime majestati deorum,

id. Div. 2, 65, 135:

non necesse esse optumae rei publicae leges dare consentaneas?

id. Leg. 2, 10, 23; id. Fin. 5, 20, 60; id. Part. Or. 2, 7:

his temporibus consentaneum genus litterarum,

id. Fam. 4, 13, 1: illa divisio illi, qui hoc proposuerat, * Quint. 6, 3, 106; Cod. Just. 7, 6, 1, § 8: sententia utilitati rerum consentanea. Dig. 17, 1, 6, § 7.—

Absol.:

vir vitā et morte,

consistent, Vell. 2, 63, 2; cf. b.— Subst.: consentānĕa, ōrum, n., concurrent circumstances:

ex consentaneis (argumenta ducere),

Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 170.—Hence,

Consentaneum est, it agrees with something, it is according to reason, fitting, consistent, proper, etc.

With inf., with or without dat.:

quid consentaneum sit ei dicere, qui, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 33, 117:

cum diceret, ei aliquid dicere consentaneum esse,

id. Ac. 2, 9, 28:

non est consentaneum, qui metu non frangatur, eum frangi cupiditate,

id. ib. 1, 20, 68; id. N. D. 2, 15, 42; id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25.—

With ut, * Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 31.— Adv.: con-sentānĕē, in harmony with (late Lat. and rare):

consentanee cum naturā vivere,

Lact. 3, 8, 20:

narrare aliquid,

according to truth, Hier. in Rufin. 3, 1 fin.

dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a. [root da; Zend. dā, to know; strengthened, dak-; Gr. didaskô; Lat. disco], to teach, instruct, inform, show, tell, etc. (for syn. cf.: edoceo, perdoceo, erudio, praecipio, instituo).

In gen., with double acc. of person and thing:

pejor magister te istaec docuit... illa, quae te docui,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 55:

hunc hominem cursuram,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 9:

aliquem artem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54:

aliquem litteras,

id. Pis. 30:

aliquem ejusmodi rem,

id. Quint. 25, 79:

pueros elementa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 17 et saep.— Pass., with acc. rei:

is reliqua frustra docetur,

Quint. 4, 2, 90; 1, 5, 11; 3, 8, 70; 6, 2, 3; Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; id. S. 1, 6, 76 et saep.; cf.: doctus dogmam, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 679 fin. P.; and:

doctus militiam,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 40, p. 224 ed. Gerl.—With inf.:

docemur auctoritate domitas habere libidines,

Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; 1, 57, 244; id. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

docemur disputare, non vivere (= discimus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 13:

equi variare gyros docentur,

Tac. G. 6; Sall. J. 85, 33; Nep. Epam. 2, 1; Liv. 21, 3, 6.—With acc. pers. and inf.:

ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2; so id. Phil. 2, 4, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; id. Ep. 1, 14, 30 al.; cf. ellipt. with abl. of instrument:

Socratem fidibus (sc. canere),

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

aliquem docendum curare equo, armisque,

Liv. 29, 1, 8; Zumpt, § 391 fin. —With acc. pers. and de, to instruct or inform one of:

de ejus injuriis judices docere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

aliquem de aliqua re,

id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; 44, 127; id. de Or. 2, 24, 102; Sall. J. 13, 3 al. —With acc. pers. and rel. clause:

doceant eum, qui vir Sex. Roscius fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Att. 8, 2, 2; id. Fam. 3, 6, 5; 5, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 20 al.—With acc. pers.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; id. Div. 2, 2; id. de Sen. 9, 29; Quint. 2, 5, 13; Hor. S. 2, 2, 50; id. Ep. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—With acc. rei:

coepit studiose omnia Docere, educare, ita uti si esset filia,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; so,

aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 5, 42 fin.; Quint. 7, 10, 10; 9, 4, 137; Hor. A. P. 306 et saep.; cf.

also: quod de lacu Albano docuisset,

Liv. 5, 15; so with two acc., Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 3; Cic. Clu. 70, 198.—With acc. and inf.:

docui per litteras, id nec opus esse nec fieri posse,

Cic. Att. 16, 8; Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 7; 5, 28, 4; Quint. 1, 5, 43; Hor. S. 2, 3, 63 et saep.— Absol.:

cum doceo et explano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 82; id. Or. 42, 143; Quint. 3, 4, 15; 3, 5, 2 et saep.; cf.

also: Tyrannio docet apud me,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4 fin.

In partic.: fabulam, like the Gr. didaskein, qs. to teach a play to the actors, to rehearse; hence, to produce, exhibit on the stage:

minor fuit aliquanto is, qui primus fabulam dedit, quam ii, qui multas docuerant (Plautus et Naevius),

Cic. Brut. 18, 73; id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; Hor. A. P. 288; Gell. 17, 21, 42.—Hence, doctus, a, um, P. a., learned, skilled, versed, experienced in any thing (cf.: litteratus, eruditus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).— Absol.:

doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 30, 114; cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 2, 74, 299:

adolescentes humanissimi et doctissimi,

id. Cael. 10, 24.—With ex:

fuit enim doctus ex disciplina Stoicorum,

Cic. Brut. 25.—With abl.:

docti et Graecis litteris et Latinis,

Cic. Brut. 46; 45 fin.; Sall. C. 25, 2; Mart. 10, 76. —With adv.:

nec minus Graece quam Latine doctus,

Suet. Gram. 7.—With gen.:

fandi doctissima Cymodocea,

Verg. A. 10, 225:

legum atque morum populi Romani jurisque civilis,

Gell. 13, 12, 1:

sagittarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11:

artis lanificae,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 381.—With acc.:

(Maecenas) docte sermones utriusque linguae,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 5:

dulces modos (with citharae sciens),

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

omnia,

Stat. Th. 2, 692:

litteras,

Gell. 19, 9, 7.—With inf.:

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 9; 3, 6, 38; 4, 13, 7; id. Carm. Sec. 75 et saep.—With ad or in:

ad delinquendum doctior,

Ov. Tr. 2, 256:

in parum fausto carmine docta fui,

id. H. 21, 182:

Sapphica puella Musa doctior,

more skilled in song, Cat. 35, 17:

docta puella,

Prop. 1, 7, 11; 2, 11, 6 (3, 2, 6 M.);

2, 13, 11 (3, 4, 11 M.).—Esp. as epithet of Catullus by other poets,

Tib. 3, 6, 41; Ov. Am. 3, 9, 62:

Verona docti syllabas amat vatis,

Mart. 1, 61, 1; Ov. A. A. 2, 181.—As subst.: doctus, the man of skill.—Prov.:

doctus in se semper divitias habet,

Phaedr. 4, 21, 1; but class. only in plur.: doctī, ōrum, m., the learned:

doctorum est ista consuetudo,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17 et saep.—

Of things as subjects:

frontes,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 29:

tibia,

Prop. 2, 30, 16 (3, 28, 16 M.):

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20; cf.

vox,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 52:

voces Pythagoreorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

sermo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 3:

prece,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135:

manus artificis,

Tib. 1, 8, 12; cf. id. 2, 1, 70; Ov. F. 3, 832; 6, 792:

falx,

Prop. 2, 19, 12 (3, 12, 12 M.) et saep.—

In Plaut. and Ter., knowing, cunning, shrewd, subtle:

malum, callidum, doctum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43; id. Most. 1, 3, 122; 5, 1, 24 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 6; id. Eun. 4, 7, 21; cf.

also, dolus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 69; id. Ps. 1, 5, 70 al.— docte, adv.

Learnedly, skilfully (very rare; not in Cic.).— Comp., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33; Mart. 7, 46.— Sup., Sall. J. 95, 3.—

Cunningly, shrewdly, cleverly:

docte et sapienter dicis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 23:

docte tibi illam perdoctam dabo,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 103; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

docte sapere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 162; id. Most. 5, 1, 21 et saep.— Comp., Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 99.

dŏcĕo, cŭi, ctum, 2, v. a. [root da; Zend. dā, to know; strengthened, dak-; Gr. didaskô; Lat. disco], to teach, instruct, inform, show, tell, etc. (for syn. cf.: edoceo, perdoceo, erudio, praecipio, instituo).

In gen., with double acc. of person and thing:

pejor magister te istaec docuit... illa, quae te docui,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 55:

hunc hominem cursuram,

id. Trin. 4, 3, 9:

aliquem artem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 54:

aliquem litteras,

id. Pis. 30:

aliquem ejusmodi rem,

id. Quint. 25, 79:

pueros elementa,

Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 17 et saep.— Pass., with acc. rei:

is reliqua frustra docetur,

Quint. 4, 2, 90; 1, 5, 11; 3, 8, 70; 6, 2, 3; Hor. C. 3, 6, 21; id. S. 1, 6, 76 et saep.; cf.: doctus dogmam, Laber. ap. Prisc. p. 679 fin. P.; and:

doctus militiam,

Sall. H. Fragm. 1, 40, p. 224 ed. Gerl.—With inf.:

docemur auctoritate domitas habere libidines,

Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 194; 1, 57, 244; id. Fin. 2, 5, 15:

docemur disputare, non vivere (= discimus),

Sen. Ep. 95, 13:

equi variare gyros docentur,

Tac. G. 6; Sall. J. 85, 33; Nep. Epam. 2, 1; Liv. 21, 3, 6.—With acc. pers. and inf.:

ut doceam Rullum posthac in iis saltem tacere rebus, in quibus, etc.,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2; so id. Phil. 2, 4, 8; Hor. S. 1, 1, 91; id. Ep. 1, 14, 30 al.; cf. ellipt. with abl. of instrument:

Socratem fidibus (sc. canere),

Cic. Fam. 9, 22, 3:

aliquem docendum curare equo, armisque,

Liv. 29, 1, 8; Zumpt, § 391 fin. —With acc. pers. and de, to instruct or inform one of:

de ejus injuriis judices docere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 51:

aliquem de aliqua re,

id. Rosc. Am. 9, 26; 44, 127; id. de Or. 2, 24, 102; Sall. J. 13, 3 al. —With acc. pers. and rel. clause:

doceant eum, qui vir Sex. Roscius fuerit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25; id. Att. 8, 2, 2; id. Fam. 3, 6, 5; 5, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 20 al.—With acc. pers.:

studiosos discendi erudiunt atque docent,

Cic. Off. 1, 44, 156; id. Div. 2, 2; id. de Sen. 9, 29; Quint. 2, 5, 13; Hor. S. 2, 2, 50; id. Ep. 1, 13, 1 et saep.—With acc. rei:

coepit studiose omnia Docere, educare, ita uti si esset filia,

Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 37; so,

aliquid,

Caes. B. G. 5, 42 fin.; Quint. 7, 10, 10; 9, 4, 137; Hor. A. P. 306 et saep.; cf.

also: quod de lacu Albano docuisset,

Liv. 5, 15; so with two acc., Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 3; Cic. Clu. 70, 198.—With acc. and inf.:

docui per litteras, id nec opus esse nec fieri posse,

Cic. Att. 16, 8; Caes. B. G. 5, 1, 7; 5, 28, 4; Quint. 1, 5, 43; Hor. S. 2, 3, 63 et saep.— Absol.:

cum doceo et explano,

Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 82; id. Or. 42, 143; Quint. 3, 4, 15; 3, 5, 2 et saep.; cf.

also: Tyrannio docet apud me,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4 fin.

In partic.: fabulam, like the Gr. didaskein, qs. to teach a play to the actors, to rehearse; hence, to produce, exhibit on the stage:

minor fuit aliquanto is, qui primus fabulam dedit, quam ii, qui multas docuerant (Plautus et Naevius),

Cic. Brut. 18, 73; id. Tusc. 4, 29, 63; Hor. A. P. 288; Gell. 17, 21, 42.—Hence, doctus, a, um, P. a., learned, skilled, versed, experienced in any thing (cf.: litteratus, eruditus, peritus, gnarus, scitus).— Absol.:

doctus vir et Graecis litteris eruditus,

Cic. Brut. 30, 114; cf. id. de Or. 1, 22, 102; 2, 74, 299:

adolescentes humanissimi et doctissimi,

id. Cael. 10, 24.—With ex:

fuit enim doctus ex disciplina Stoicorum,

Cic. Brut. 25.—With abl.:

docti et Graecis litteris et Latinis,

Cic. Brut. 46; 45 fin.; Sall. C. 25, 2; Mart. 10, 76. —With adv.:

nec minus Graece quam Latine doctus,

Suet. Gram. 7.—With gen.:

fandi doctissima Cymodocea,

Verg. A. 10, 225:

legum atque morum populi Romani jurisque civilis,

Gell. 13, 12, 1:

sagittarum,

Aur. Vict. Epit. 11:

artis lanificae,

Claud. in Eutr. 2, 381.—With acc.:

(Maecenas) docte sermones utriusque linguae,

Hor. C. 3, 8, 5:

dulces modos (with citharae sciens),

id. ib. 3, 9, 10:

omnia,

Stat. Th. 2, 692:

litteras,

Gell. 19, 9, 7.—With inf.:

doctus sagittas tendere Sericas,

Hor. C. 1, 29, 9; 3, 6, 38; 4, 13, 7; id. Carm. Sec. 75 et saep.—With ad or in:

ad delinquendum doctior,

Ov. Tr. 2, 256:

in parum fausto carmine docta fui,

id. H. 21, 182:

Sapphica puella Musa doctior,

more skilled in song, Cat. 35, 17:

docta puella,

Prop. 1, 7, 11; 2, 11, 6 (3, 2, 6 M.);

2, 13, 11 (3, 4, 11 M.).—Esp. as epithet of Catullus by other poets,

Tib. 3, 6, 41; Ov. Am. 3, 9, 62:

Verona docti syllabas amat vatis,

Mart. 1, 61, 1; Ov. A. A. 2, 181.—As subst.: doctus, the man of skill.—Prov.:

doctus in se semper divitias habet,

Phaedr. 4, 21, 1; but class. only in plur.: doctī, ōrum, m., the learned:

doctorum est ista consuetudo,

Cic. Lael. 5, 17 et saep.—

Of things as subjects:

frontes,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 29:

tibia,

Prop. 2, 30, 16 (3, 28, 16 M.):

carmina,

Tib. 2, 3, 20; cf.

vox,

Ov. P. 2, 5, 52:

voces Pythagoreorum,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 1, 2:

sermo,

Plin. Ep. 7, 25, 3:

prece,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 135:

manus artificis,

Tib. 1, 8, 12; cf. id. 2, 1, 70; Ov. F. 3, 832; 6, 792:

falx,

Prop. 2, 19, 12 (3, 12, 12 M.) et saep.—

In Plaut. and Ter., knowing, cunning, shrewd, subtle:

malum, callidum, doctum,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 35; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43; id. Most. 1, 3, 122; 5, 1, 24 et saep.; Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 6; id. Eun. 4, 7, 21; cf.

also, dolus,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 69; id. Ps. 1, 5, 70 al.— docte, adv.

Learnedly, skilfully (very rare; not in Cic.).— Comp., Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 33; Mart. 7, 46.— Sup., Sall. J. 95, 3.—

Cunningly, shrewdly, cleverly:

docte et sapienter dicis,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 23:

docte tibi illam perdoctam dabo,

id. Mil. 2, 2, 103; id. Bacch. 4, 4, 43:

docte sapere,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 162; id. Most. 5, 1, 21 et saep.— Comp., Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 99.

dūmētum or dummetum (another form: DUMECTA antiqui quasi DUMICETA appellabant, quae nos dumeta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 67, 10 Müll.), i, n. [id.], thorn-bushes, thorn-hedge, thicket.

Lit., Cic. Tusc. 5, 23; Verg. G. 1, 15; Hor. C. 3, 4, 63; 3, 29, 23 al.—

Trop.:

cur orationem tantas in angustias et Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35:

quod cum efficere voltis (i. e. deum significare) in dumeta conrepitis,

id. N. D. 1, 24 fin.

dūmētum or dummetum (another form: DUMECTA antiqui quasi DUMICETA appellabant, quae nos dumeta, Paul. ex Fest. p. 67, 10 Müll.), i, n. [id.], thorn-bushes, thorn-hedge, thicket.

Lit., Cic. Tusc. 5, 23; Verg. G. 1, 15; Hor. C. 3, 4, 63; 3, 29, 23 al.—

Trop.:

cur orationem tantas in angustias et Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35:

quod cum efficere voltis (i. e. deum significare) in dumeta conrepitis,

id. N. D. 1, 24 fin.

formŭla, ae, f. dim. [forma, I. B.], acc. to the different signiff. of forma.

(Acc. to I. B. 1.) A fine form, beauty:

formula atque aetatula,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 47.—

(Acc. to forma, I. B. 2.)

A small pattern, mould, last, acc. to which any thing is formed:

calcei,

Amm. 31, 2, 6.—

Transf., any thing made in a mould, a form, of cheese:

solidatae,

Pall. Mai. 9, 2. —

(Acc. to forma, I. B. 3.) A conduit, pipe of an aqueduct, Front. Aquaed. 36.—

(Acc. to forma, I. B. 4.) Jurid. t. t., a form, rule, method, formula for regulating judicial proceedings (the usual meaning; cf.:

norma, regula, praescriptum): ut stipulationum et judiciorum formulas componam?

Cic. Leg. 1, 4 fin.:

in testamentorum formulis, hoc est, in medio jure civili versari,

id. de Or. 1, 39 fin.; cf.

antiquae,

id. Brut. 52, 195:

postulationum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 147:

angustissima sponsionis,

id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12:

fiduciae,

id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

de dolo malo,

id. Off. 3, 14, 60:

illa gloria militaris vestris formulis atque actionibus anteponenda est,

id. Mur. 13, 29 init.:

sunt jura, sunt formulae de omnibus rebus constitutae,

id. Rosc. Com. 8, 24: a praetore postulat, ut sibi Quinctius judicatum solvi [p. 770] satis det ex formula:

QVOD AB EO PETAT, CVIVS EX EDICTO PRAETORIS BONA DIES XXX. POSSESSA SINT,

id. Quint. 8, 30:

quod in foro atrocitate formularum dijudicatur,

Quint. 7, 1, 37:

vis hanc formulam cognitionis esse, ut, etc.,

the rule of evidence on which the inquiry is conducted, Liv. 40, 12, 20.— On the formulae of actions, constituting a sort of code of procedure, v. Gai. Inst. 4, 30-48; and on the legal forms of the Romans in general, cf. Rein's Röm. Privatr. p. 440 sq.—

Transf.

In gen., for causa, a lawsuit, action, process (post-Aug.):

quid enim aliud agitis, cum eum, quem interrogatis, scientes in fraudem impellitis, quam ut formulā cecidisse videatur,

Sen. Ep. 48 fin.:

formulā cadere,

Quint. 3, 6, 69 (for which, in Cic., causā cadere):

formulā excidere,

Suet. Claud. 14.—

Esp.:

for mula letalis,

a death-warrant, Amm. 14, 1, 3.—

Beyond the legal sphere.

In publicists' lang., any form of contract, covenant, agreement, regulation:

Acarnanas restituturum se in antiquam formulam jurisque ac dicionis eorum,

Liv. 26, 24, 6 Drak.:

citaverunt legatos, quaesiveruntque ab iis, ecquid milites ex formula paratos haberent?

id. 27, 10, 2 sq.:

aliquos in sociorum formulam referre,

id. 43, 6, 10:

(oppidum) Paracheloïda, quae sub Athamania esset, nullo iure Thessalorum formulae factam (= inique juris Thessalorum factum),

id. 39, 26, 2.—

In gen., a rule, principle:

ut sine ullo errore dijudicare possimus, si quando cum illo, quod honestum intelligimus, pugnare id videbitur, quod appellamus utile, formula quaedam constituenda est... erit autem haec formula Stoicorum rationi disciplinaeque maxime consentanea, etc.,

Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19 sq.:

certa quaedam disciplinae formula,

id. Ac. 1, 4, 17:

formulam exprimere,

id. Or. 11, 36:

cujusque generis nota et formula,

id. ib. 23, 75:

consuetudinis nostrae,

id. Opt. Gen. 7, 20.—

A condition, relation (post-Aug.):

natio redacta in formulam provinciae,

Vell. 2, 28, 1.

fulcĭo, fulsi, fultum, 4 (late form perf. FVLCIVIT, Inscr. ap. Mur. 466, 3.— Part. perf.:

fulcītus,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, 46), v. a. [etym. dub.; cf.: falx, flccto; Corss. refers it to root dhar-; v. firmus, Ausspr. 1, 476], to prop up, to keep upright by props, to stay, support (class.; syn.: sustento, sustineo, munio).

Lit.:

qui fulcire putatur porticum Stoicorum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 24, 75:

aliquid trabibus,

Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 89:

Atlas, caelum qui vertice fulcit,

Verg. A. 4, 247:

vitis nisi fulta est, fertur ad terram,

Cic. de Sen. 15, 52:

ruentes ceras,

Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 23:

illum Balbutit Scaurum pravis fultum male talis,

supported, Hor. S. 1, 3, 48; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 88:

quod non Taenariis domus est mihi fulta columnis,

Prop. 3 (4), 1, 49:

longis Numidarum fulta columnis cenatio,

Juv. 7, 182; 3, 193:

si mutuatus pecuniam aedificia ruentia fulserit,

Gai. Inst. 4, 73:

me prior fultusque toro meliore,

Juv. 3, 82: et pulvino fultus, supported by, resting on the pillow, Lucil. ap. Serv. Verg. E. 6, 53:

ille (juvencus) latus niveum molli fultus byacintho,

Verg. E. 6, 53; cf. effultus; so absol.:

colloco, fulcio,

Plaut. Cas. 5, 2, 10:

caput nivei fultum Pallantis,

propped up, bolstered, Verg. A. 11, 39.— Impers.:

sat sic fultumst mihi,

Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 37.— Poet.:

tu (potes) pedibus teneris positas fulcire pruinas?

i. e. to tread the fallen snow, Prop. 1, 8, 7:

stant fulti pulvere crines,

supported, stiffened, Stat. Th. 3, 326.—

Transf., to make strong or fast, to fasten, secure, support, strengthen ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

fultosque emuniit obice postes,

fastened, guarded, Verg. A. 8, 227; cf.:

appositā janua fulta serā,

Ov. A. A. 2, 244:

et dura janua fulta sera,

Tib. 1, 2, 6:

omnia debet cibus integrare novando Et fulcire cibus, cibus omnia sustentare,

to support, strengthen, Lucr. 2, 1147:

stomachum cibo,

Sen. Ep. 68 med.:

venas cadentes vino,

id. ib. 95; cf. Col. 6, 24, 4.—

Trop.

To support, sustain, uphold:

veterem amicum suum labentem excepit, fulsit et sustinuit re, fortuna, fide,

Cic. Rab. Post. 16, 43; cf.:

labantem et prope cadentem rem publicam fulcire,

id. Phil. 2, 21, 51:

domum pluribus adminiculis ante fundatam fulcit ac sustinet,

Plin. Ep. 4, 21, 3;

cf: ingenia rudia nullisque artium bonarum adminiculis fulta,

Gell. 6, 2, 8:

hoc consilio et quasi senatu fultus et munitus,

Cic. Rep. 2, 9:

aliquem litteris,

id. Att. 5, 21, 14:

magnis subsidiis fulta res publica est,

id. Fam. 12, 5, 1:

imperium gloria fultum et benevolentiā sociorum,

id. Off. 3, 22, 88:

his fultus societatibus atque amicitiis,

Liv. 42, 12, 8; 3, 60, 9; Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 11; cf.:

quia nullis recentibus subsidiis fulta prima acies fuit,

Liv. 9, 32, 9:

quo praesidio cum fulta res Romana esset,

id. 7, 12, 8:

causa Gaditanorum gravissimis et plurimis rebus est fulta,

Cic. Balb. 15, 35:

serie fulcite genus,

i. e. to keep up, preserve, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 69.—

Poet., to besiege, oppress:

(Pacuvii) Antiopa aerumnis cor luctificabile fulta,

Pers. 1, 78 (perh. a word of Pacuv.).

lăquĕus, i, m. [cf. Gr. helkô, draw, holkos; Lat. lacio; perh. Germ. locken], a noose, snare (class.; cf. tendicula).

Lit., Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 41:

saxa laqueis vinciebat,

Sall. J. 94:

laqueis falces avertebant,

Caes. B. G. 7, 22:

collum in laqueum inserere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 17, § 37: inicere laqueum, to throw over any one, Liv. 1, 26:

inicere cervicibus laqueum,

Suet. Vit. 17:

laqueo gulam alicui frangere,

to throttle, strangle, Sall. C. 55, 4:

ad laqueum compellere aliquem,

to the halter, Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 12:

alicui mandare laqueum,

to bid go and be hanged, Juv. 10, 53:

neque carcer neque laqueus,

a halter, gallows, Tac. A. 3, 50; 5, 9:

faucesque jam exanimis laqueo vexatae,

id. ib. 6, 40.—Of a snare, trap or lasso used by hunters:

laqueis captare feras,

Verg. G. 1, 139:

metuit foveam lupus accipiterque Suspectos laqueos,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 51:

laqueos et muscipula effugere,

Phaedr. 4, 2, 8; cf.:

impliciti laqueis nudus uterque jacent,

Ov. A. A. 2, 580:

dare in laqueum vestigia,

to step into a snare, Juv. 13, 244.—

Trop., a snare, gin, trap.

In gen.:

judicii laqueos declinans,

Cic. Mil. 15, 40; cf.:

interrogationum laqueis aliquem irretire,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 43:

laquei Stoicorum,

subtleties, id. Tusc. 5, 27, 76:

Chrysippi laquei,

id. Fat. 4, 7:

legum et condicionum,

id. Clu. 55, 150: verbi laqueo capere, id. Caecin. 29, 83.—Without a gen.:

in hos inexplicabiles laqueos inciderunt,

Quint. 5, 10, 101:

(testes) inducuntur in laqueos,

id. 5, 7, 11:

sciens in hoc se laqueos induxit,

Lact. 6, 12, 13.—

Fetters, chains, hinderances:

tibi fortuna laqueum impegit, quem nec solvere posses nec erumpere,

Sen. Tranq. 10, 1:

nunquamne hos artissimos laqueos abrumpam,

Plin. Ep. 2, 8, 3.

lātus, a, um, adj. [old Lat. stlātus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 313; Sanscr. root star-, strnāmi = sterno; Gr. stor- in stornumi, stratos; Lat. sterno, stratus, torus; cf. strāges, struo; not connected with platus, nor with 3. lātus = tlêtos], broad, wide.

Lit.:

fossa,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59:

mare,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 46, § 103:

via,

id. ib. 2, 4, 53, §

119: agri,

id. Rep. 5, 2, 3:

clavus,

Quint. 11, 3, 138 (v. clavus):

umeri,

Verg. A. 9, 725; cf.:

artus barbarorum,

Tac. A. 2, 21:

lati et lacertosi viri,

broad-shouldered, Col. 1, 9, 4; Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

rana bove latior,

Phaedr. 1, 24, 5:

palus non latior pedibus quinquaginta,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

latissimum flumen,

id. ib. 2, 27:

latissimae solitudines,

id. ib. 6, 22:

comesse panem tris pedes latum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 1, 8:

fossae quindecim pedes latae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72:

areas latas pedum denum facito,

Col. 2, 10, 26:

populi,

Verg. A. 1, 225:

moenia lata videt,

id. ib. 6, 549:

latis otia fundis,

id. G. 2, 468: ne latos fines parare studeant. Caes. B. G. 6, 21:

ager,

Liv. 23, 46:

orbis,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 57:

terrae,

Ov. M. 2, 307:

lata Polyphemi acies,

wide eye, Juv. 9, 64.— Neutr. absol.:

crescere in latum,

to increase in width, widen, Ov. M. 1, 336.— Absol.:

per latum,

Vulg. Ezech. 46, 22:

in lato pedum centum,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26, 7.—

Transf., poet., for proud, swelling (cf. Eng. vulg. spreading):

latus ut in circo spatiere,

that you may stalk along largely, proudly, Hor. S. 2, 3, 183:

lati incesserunt et cothurnati (histriones),

Sen. Ep. 76, 31. —

Trop.

In gen., broad, wide, wide-spread, extended (mostly post-Aug.):

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 82; cf.:

verba,

pronounced broadly, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 46:

gloria,

widespread, Plin. Ep. 4, 12, 7:

lato Murrus caligat in hoste,

Sil. 1, 499:

interpretatio,

broad, not strict, lenient, Dig. 22, 1, 1:

culpa,

great, ib. 50, 16, 213; 11, 6, 1 fin.:

fuga,

a kind of banishment, whereby all places are forbidden to the exile but one, ib. 48, 22, 5.—

In partic., of style, diffuse, detailed, copious, prolix:

oratio Academicorum liberior et latior (opp. Stoicorum oratio astrictior et contractior),

Cic. Brut. 31, 120:

latum atque fusum,

Quint. 11, 3, 50:

latiore varioque tractatu,

id. 7, 3, 16:

latiore quadam comprehensione,

id. 2, 5, 14:

genus orandi latum et sonans,

Tac. H. 1, 90:

Aeschines his latior et audentior,

Quint. 12, 10, 23.— Hence, adv.: lātē, broadly, widely, extensively; with longe, on all sides, far and wide, everywhere.

Lit.:

late longeque diffusus,

Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34:

omnibus longe lateque aedificiis incensis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 35:

minus late vagari,

id. ib. 1, 2:

regnare,

Just. 13, 7:

populus late rex,

Verg. A. 1, 21; cf.:

diu Lateque victrix,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 23:

cladem inferre,

Tac. H. 3, 23.— Comp.:

latius demum operaest pretium ivisse,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 156:

itaque latius quam caedebatur ruebat (murus),

Liv. 21, 11:

possidere (agros),

Ov. M. 5, 131:

metui,

Tac. A. 12, 43. — Sup.:

ager latissime continuatus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 70:

quam latissime possint, ignes faciant,

Nep. Eum. 9, 3.—

Trop.: ars late patet, widely. Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 235:

Phrygiae late refer primordia gentis,

Ov. H. 17, 57.— Comp.:

latius loquuntur rhetores, dialectici compressius,

Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17: quod [p. 1042] pateat latius, of rather extensive application, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19:

latius perscribere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17:

uti opibus,

more lavishly, Hor. S. 2, 2, 113.— Sup.:

fidei bonae nomen latissime manat,

Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:

latissime patere,

id. ib. 3, 17, 69.

lătus, ĕris, n. [cf. Gr. platus; Lat. lăter, Latium, plautus or plotus], the side, flank of men or animals.

Lit.:

ego vostra faciam latera lorea,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 2: quid conminatu's mihi? Con. Istud male factum arbitror, quia non latus fodi, id. Aul. 3, 2, 4:

occidisse ex equo dicitur, et latus offendisse vehementer,

Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

cujus latus ille mucro petebat,

id. Lig. 3, 9:

laterique accommodat ensem,

Verg. A. 2, 393; Quint. 2, 13, 12; 11, 3, 69; 118:

laterum inclinatione forti ac virili,

id. 1, 11, 18: vellere latus digitis, to twitch one by the side (in order to attract attention), Ov. A. A. 1, 606; cf.:

si tetigit latus acrior,

Juv. 7, 109:

tum latus ei dicenti condoluisse... dieque septimo est lateris dolore consumptus,

pleurisy, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6; so,

lateris dolor,

Cato, R. R. 125; Cels. 2, 7; 8; Plin. 21, 21, 89, § 155:

lateris vigili cum febre dolor,

Juv. 13, 229; cf.:

laterum dolor aut tussis,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 32: artifices lateris, i. e. those who make skilful side movements or evolutions, ballet-dancers, Ov. A. A. 3, 351:

latus tegere alicui,

to walk by the side of one, Hor. S. 2, 5, 18:

claudere alicui,

Juv. 3, 131; and:

mares inter se uxoresque contendunt, uter det latus illis (sc. pantomimis),

Sen. Q. N. 7, 32, 3.—Of animals:

equorum,

Lucr. 5, 1324:

cujus (equi aënei) in lateribus fores essent,

Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38.—

Of orators, the lungs:

lateribus aut clamore contendere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

quae vox, quae latera, quae vires, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 67:

ut lateris conatus sit ille, non capitis,

Quint. 1, 11, 8; cf.:

lateris pectorisve firmitas an capitis etiam plus adjuvet,

id. 11, 3, 16; so id. 11, 3, 40:

dum vox ac latus praeparetur,

id. 10, 7, 2; 11, 3, 13:

voce, latere, firmitate (constat orator),

id. 12, 11, 2:

neque enim ex te umquam es nobilitatus, sed ex lateribus et lacertis tuis,

Cic. de Sen. 9, 27:

cum legem Voconiam voce magna et bonis lateribus suasissem,

id. ib. 5, 14:

illa adhuc audaciora et majorum, ut Cicero existimat, laterum,

Quint. 9, 1, 29.—

Poet., in mal. part., Lucil. ap. Non. 260, 30; Ov. H. 2, 58; 19, 138; Prop. 2, 2, 12:

lateri parcere,

Juv. 6, 37.—

Transf., in gen.

The side, flank, lateral surface of a thing (opp. frons and tergum;

v. h. vv.): collis ex utraque parte lateris dejectus habebat et in frontem leniter fastigatus paulatim ad planiciem redibat,

on each side, Caes. B. G. 2, 8; cf. Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202:

terra angusta verticibus, lateribus latior,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

latus unum castrorum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

insula, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

id. ib. 5, 13:

et (Fibrenus) divisus aequaliter in duas partis latera haec (insulae) adluit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6.—Of a maritime country, the coast, seaboard:

Illyricum,

Juv. 8, 117:

castelli,

Sall. J. 93:

tum prora avertit et undis Dat latus,

the ship's side, Verg. A. 1, 105:

ubi pulsarunt acres latera ardua fluctus,

Ov. M. 11, 529:

nudum remigio,

Hor. C. 1, 14, 4; id. Epod. 10, 3:

dextrum (domus),

id. Ep. 1, 16, 6:

mundi,

id. C. 1, 22, 19:

crystallus sexangulis nascitur lateribus,

surfaces, Plin. 37, 2, 9, § 26.—Of an army, the flank, Tac. Agr. 35:

reliquos equites ad latera disponit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 7:

ex itinere nostros latere aperto aggressi,

id. ib. 1, 25; cf. id. ib. 2, 23 fin.:

ad latus apertum hostium constitui,

id. ib. 4, 25:

ne simul in frontem, simul in latera, pugnaretur,

Tac. Agr. 35.—So in fighting: latus dare, to expose one's side or flank to the adversary, Val. Fl. 4, 304 (v. II. A. infra).—

Esp. freq.: a (ab) latere, on or at the side or flank; a or ab lateribus, on or at the sides or flanks (opp. a fronte, in front, before, and a tergo, at the back, behind):

a tergo, a fronte, a lateribus tenebitur,

Cic. Phil. 3, 13, 32:

a fronte atque ab utroque latere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 25 fin.; id. B. G. 2, 25:

ab omni latere securus,

Amm. 16, 9, 3:

ab latere aggredi,

Liv. 27, 48:

disjectos ab tergo aut lateribus circumveniebant,

Sall. J. 50 fin.:

ne quis inermibus militibus ab latere impetus fieri posset,

Caes. B. G. 3, 29:

Sulla profligatis iis, quos advorsum ierat, rediens ab latere Mauris incurrit,

Sall. J. 101, 8: si ex hac causa unda prorumperet, a lateribus undae circumfunderentur, Sen. Q. N. 6, 6, 4:

a lateribus, a fronte, quasi tria maria prospectat,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 5.—

Less freq. with ex:

latere ex utroque,

Lucr. 2, 1049:

ex lateribus aggredi aliquem,

Sall. C. 60:

tribus ex lateribus (locus) tegebatur,

Hirt. B. Alex. 28, 4:

ex alio latere cubiculum est politissimum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10:

omni ex latere armorum molibus urgeri,

Amm. 19, 7, 7.—

With de:

de latere ire,

Lucr. 6, 117.—Without prep.:

alio latere,

Tac. A. 3, 74.—

Poet. (pars pro toto), the body:

penna latus vestit, tenet,

Ov. M. 2, 376:

nunc latus in fulvis niveum deponit harenis,

id. ib. 2, 865; cf. id. ib. 3, 23;

14, 710: forte,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 26:

fessum longā militiā,

id. C. 2, 7, 18:

credidit tauro latus,

id. ib. 3, 27, 26:

liminis aut aquae Caelestis patiens latus,

id. ib. 3, 10, 20.—

Trop.

In gen.: in latera atque in terga incurrere, to attack the sides, i. e. the unguarded points, Quint. 9, 1, 20:

aliena negotia centum Per caput et circa saliunt latus,

encompass on every side, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34:

ut a sems latere numquam discederem,

never left his side, Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf.: aliquem lateri alicujus adjungere, to attach to his side, i. e. to give him for a companion, Quint. 1, 2, 5; so,

alicui latus dare, of a client,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 32, 3 (cf. B. 1. infra):

lateri adhaerere gravem dominum,

hung about them, threatened them, Liv. 39, 25:

Illyriorum rex, lateri ejus haerens, assiduis precibus promissa exigebat,

Just. 29, 4, 8; cf.:

Agathocles regis lateri junctus, civitatem regebat,

id. 30, 2, 5:

circumfusa turba lateri meo,

Liv. 6, 15.—Esp.:

sacpe dabis nudum latus,

expose, Tib. 1, 4, 52:

la. tus imperii nudum,

Flor. 3, 5, 4:

nec adulatoribus latus praebeas,

expose yourself, lay yourself open to, Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.: latere tecto abscedere, i. e safe, unharmed, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 5:

hic fugit omnes Insidias nullique malo latus obdit apertum,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 59:

ex uno latere constat contractus,

on one side, Dig. 19, 1, 13 fin.; so ib. 3, 5, 5:

nulla ex utroque latere nascitur actio,

ib. 3, 5, 6, § 4.—

In partic.

To express intimacy, attachment:

latus alicui cingere,

to cling to, Liv. 32, 39, 8; esp. in the phrase: ab latere, at the side of, i. e. in intimate association with (rare, and perh. not ante-Aug.):

ab latere tyranni: addit eos ab latere tyranni,

Liv. 24, 5, 13; Curt. 3, 5, 15; cf.:

ille tuum, Castrice, dulce latus,

your constant associate, Mart. 6, 68, 4.—

Relationship, kindred, esp. collateral relationship (post-Aug.):

quibus (liberis) videor a meo tuoque latere pronum ad honores iter relicturus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:

sunt et ex lateribus cognati ut fratres sororesque,

Dig. 38, 10, 10, § 8:

ex latere uxorem ducere,

ib. 23, 2, 68:

latus omne divinae domus,

Stat. S. 5 praef.: omnes personae cognatorum aut supra numerantur, aut infra, aut ex transverso, sive a latere... a latere, fratres et sorores, liberique eorum; item parentium fratres et sorores liberique eorum, (Ulp.) de Grad. Cogn. 2 ap. Huschke, Jurisp. Antejust. p. 530.

lātus, a, um, Part., v. fero.

norma, ae, f. [for gnorima (cf. Gr. gnôrimos); root, gno-; cf. gnarus, nosco], a square, employed by carpenters, masons, etc., for making right angles (cf. regula).

Lit.:

anguli ad normam respondentes,

Vitr. 7, 3; 9, 2; Plin. 36, 22, 51, § 172.—

Trop., a rule, pattern, precept:

nec sunt haec rhythmicorum aut musicorum acerrima norma dirigenda,

Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 190:

vitam ad certam rationis normam dirigere,

id. Mur. 2, 3:

numquam ego dicam Fabricium, Curtium, Coruncanium ad istorum (Stoicorum) normam fuisse sapientes,

id. Lael. 5, 18:

hanc normam, hanc regulam, hanc praescriptionem esse naturae,

id. Ac. 2, 46, 140:

natura norma legis est,

id. Leg. 2, 24, 61:

juris,

id. de Or. 2, 42, 178:

loquendi,

Hor. A. P. 72:

norma et regula oratoris,

Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 8.