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101 окалвам
ока̀лвам,гл. soil, dirty, make dirty, muddy, make muddy; cover with mud (и прен.);\окалвам се get muddy/dirty. -
102 окалям
ока̀лям,ока̀лвам гл. soil, dirty, make dirty, muddy, make muddy; cover with mud (и прен.);\окалям се get muddy/dirty. -
103 eduki
iz.1. content; alkohol \edukia alcohol content2. contents3. ( mamia) contents; hitzarmenaren \edukia sekretua da the contents of the agreement are a secret du/ad.1. ( i-k e-r izan) to have; liburu asko dauzkat nire gelan I've got a lot of books in my room ; horretarako baimenik al daukazu? have you got permission for that?; gaur ez daukagu klaserik we have no class today | we're not having class today2. gose \eduki = gose izan ; bero \eduki = beroak egon ; hamabost urte dauzkat = hamabost urte ditutJakingarria: Eduki aditzak "sentitu" edo "nabaritu" adierazten duenean, ingelesa tradiziozko euskara bezala da eta ez gaztelaniak eragindakoa bezala Gosea daukat = gose naiz = I am hungry Egarria daukat = egarri naiz = I am thirsty beroa daukat = beroak nago = I am hot3. ( eutsi) to hold; eskuan zeukan he was holding it in his hand; \edukizu! hold on!; aztore bat eskuan zeukan he was holding a falcon in his hand4. ( gorde)a. to keep; hainbat denboraz estalirik \eduki zuten ustelkeria the corruption that they had kept under cover for so long ; gau guztia lorik egon gabe \edukitzen gaituen kezka horiek those worries which keep us up all nightb. 30 urtez espetxean usteltzen \eduki zituzten they let them rot in prison for 30 years | they kept them rotting in prison for 30 years5. ( nor beregan izan) to hold back, keep; guztia bere bihotzean zeukan he kept everything inside him6. ( uste izan) to presume, believe, understand, surmise; egingo lukeela daukat I presume he'd do it | munduak hala ez badauka ere even though the world does not believe so7. ( ontzi batek) to hold, contain; limosnak \edukitzeko ontzi bat a box to hold alms | a box to hold alms in8. ( -tzat) to consider, take for; ergeltzat zauzkate they take you for a fool | they consider you (to be) a fool9. Kartak. enbido! — hamar gehiago — \eduki! I bid! — another ten — you're on!10. ( + -ta, -rik) txapela jantzita zeukan he has his beret on; filme hori ikusita daukat I've seen that film; buruz ikusita daukat I've got it memorized11.b. (G) ( + - tzerik) ez daukat hori egiterik I can't do that; ez daukagu hara joaterik we can't go there; ba al daukat hara joaterik? can I go there?12. ( geldiarazi) to stop, hold, prevent, impede; ez dakit zer naukan I don't know what's holding me13. (G) ( moldatu, ongi ibili) to get on (GB), get along (USA) ; elkar ondo daukate they get on well Oharra: eduki duten esaerak aurkitzeko, bila itzazu izenaren, adjektiboaren eta abarren adieran, adib., nazkatuta naukate aurkitzeko, bila ezazu nazkatu adieranJakingarria: Betiko galdera: noiz to have eta noiz to have got ? To have got maizago agertzen da eta ez du "do / does" beharrik ezezkoan edo galderazkoan. Ez daukat libururik I haven't got a book Problemarik ba al daukazu? Have you got a problem? Hala ere, got hitza soil-soilik agertzen da orainaldietan. Gaur egun, ingelesezko dialekto gehien-gehienetan, to have "do / does / did" aditzez balia daiteke ezezkoan eta galderazkoan He doesn't have any money Ez du dirurik Do you have any money? Dirurik ba al duzu? Zenbait dialektotan, Hego Ingalaterran batik ba t, I haven't a car esaten da. -
104 lurreztatu
du/ad.1. ( landarea, e.a.) to cover with soil2. ( zuloa, e.a.) to fill in -
105 состоять из
consist of, be composed ofсм. также составлятьThe karyotype in all wheatear species studied consists of 41 chromosome pairs .The ground cover generally consists of poor, very low grassy vegetation, usually quite discontinuous, with many patches of bare stony, gravel or clay soil .An important part of the species diet is composed of berries, especially during the autumn .Русско-английский словарь по этологии (поведению животных) > состоять из
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106 тундра
tundraIn the Old World the word generally used is tundra, a term originating from the Finnish word tunturi meaning a treeless plain. The tundra everywhere is dotted with lakes, transected by small streams and covered with low heath, although in more sheltered places and along river courses and lake shores there are rather high shrub. Where the ground is moist extensive bogs exist, while in the driest parts and in places that are particularly exposed to the wind or where soil is very poor and scanty,the vegetation does not form a continuous cover and the plants are scattered, so that the bare underground is the dominant feature of the landscape. .Русско-английский словарь по этологии (поведению животных) > тундра
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107 enmugrecer
v.to soil, to dirty, to smear, to cover with filth. -
108 захватывать
I несов. - захва́тывать, сов. - захвата́ть; разг.(вн.; запачкать хватанием) soil (with one's fingers) (d), thumb (d)II несов. - захва́тывать, сов. - захвати́ть; (вн.)1) (брать, крепко хватать) take (d), seize (d); тех. ( о захватывающих орудиях) grip (d), cover (d)он захвати́л с собо́й кни́гу — he took a book along (with him)
захвати́ немно́го де́нег — take some money along
я вас захвачу́ по доро́ге — I'll pick you up on the way
3) (завладевать силой, подчинять себе) seize (d), capture (d); grab (d) разг.захвати́ть власть — seize power
захвати́ть в плен — capture (d), take (d) prisoner
захва́тывать зало́жников — take hostages
захва́тывать кого́-л в зало́жники — take smb hostage
захва́тывать самолёт — hijack an aircraft
захва́тывать фа́брику — occupy a factory
по доро́ге его́ захвати́л дождь — on the way he was caught in the rain
захва́тывать враспло́х (вн.) — surprise (d); take unawares (d), take by surprise (d)
5) ( увлекать) thrill (d), carry away (d), hold smb's attention, fascinate (d), captivate (d)му́зыка его́ захвати́ла — he was captivated by the music
6) разг. ( вовремя пресекать)во́время захвати́ть боле́знь — stop a disease in time
••захва́тывать дух — take smb's breath away
от э́того у него́ дух захвати́ло — it took his breath away
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109 измарать
сов. (вн.) разг.1) ( испачкать) soil (d), dirty (d), stain (d) -
110 замазывать
(что-л.)несовер. - замазывать; совер. - замазать1) paint over2) ( залеплять)putty, stick with putty, seal up with putty, stop up with putty3) перен.; разг. ( замалчивать)cover up, conceal, slur over, veil, hush up, suppress4) разг. ( пачкать)smear, soil, dirty, stain, daub over -
111 твердый
(твёрдый)прил.hard ( не мягкий); solid ( не жидкий); firm, strong ( крепкий); firm перен. ( непоколебимый); steadfast ( стойкий); stable ( установленный)твердый духом человек — a steadfast/unflinching man
стать твердой ногой где-л. — to secure a firm footing somewhere
твердое задание — specified/definite task
твердое намерение — unwavering/steady/fixed purpose
твердое тело — физ. solid
твердое убеждение — strong/firm conviction
твердый согласный — лингв. hard consonant
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112 عفر
عَفَرَ، عَفّرَ (في التّرَاب) -
113 عفر
عَفَرَ، عَفّرَ (في التّرَاب) -
114 غبر
غَبّرَ: لَطّخَ بِالغُبَارto dust, soil or cover with dust -
115 pulvero
pulvĕro, āre, v. n. and a. [id.].I.To scatter dust; to bestrew with dust, to dust: non (volo) hoc (vestibulum) pulveret (for pulveretur, should be full of dust, v. Gell. l. l.), Plaut. Fragm. ap. Gell. 18, 12, 4:B. II.se,
Plin. 11, 33, 39, § 114.— -
116 датчик
1. м. брит. амер. transducer; gauge, pick-off; pickup2. м. transmitter3. м. measuring element, sensor, detector -
117 уплотнять
1. гл. pack, sealуплотняющее покрытие; уплотняющий слой — seal coating
2. гл. compact, consolidateуплотнять бетон — compact concrete; ram concrete in place
3. гл. брит. амер. operate on a multi-channel basis; use a line for multi-channel operation apply multiplex equipment to a line -
118 gebied
♦voorbeelden:onderontwikkelde/achtergebleven gebieden • underdeveloped/depressed areas/regionstot verboden gebied verklaren • declare (to be) a no-go areavragen op financieel/fiscaal/juridisch/medisch gebied • financial/tax/legal/medical problemswij verkopen alles op het gebied van … • we sell everything (which has) to do with …er is hier niet veel op het gebied van amusement • there's little in the way of entertainment herehet laatste snufje op het gebied van computers • the latest (thing) in computers -
119 Vermuyden, Sir Cornelius
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. c. 1590 St Maartensdijk, Zeeland, the Netherlandsd. 4 February 1656 probably London, England[br]Dutch/British civil engineer responsible for many of the drainage and flood-protection schemes in low-lying areas of England in the seventeenth century.[br]At the beginning of the seventeenth century, several wealthy men in England joined forces as "adventurers" to put their money into land ventures. One such group was responsible for the draining of the Fens. The first need was to find engineers who were versed in the processes of land drainage, particularly when that land was at, or below, sea level. It was natural, therefore, to turn to the Netherlands to find these skilled men. Joachim Liens was one of the first of the Dutch engineers to go to England, and he started work on the Great Level; however, no real progress was made until 1621, when Cornelius Vermuyden was brought to England to assist in the work.Vermuyden had grown up in a district where he could see for himself the techniques of embanking and reclaiming land from the sea. He acquired a reputation of expertise in this field, and by 1621 his fame had spread to England. In that year the Thames had flooded and breached its banks near Havering and Dagenham in Essex. Vermuyden was commissioned to repair the breach and drain neighbouring marshland, with what he claimed as complete success. The Commissioners of Sewers for Essex disputed this claim and whthheld his fee, but King Charles I granted him a portion of the reclaimed land as compensation.In 1626 Vermuyden carried out his first scheme for drainage works as a consultant. This was the drainage of Hatfield Chase in South Yorkshire. Charles I was, in fact, Vermuyden's employer in the drainage of the Chase, and the work was undertaken as a means of raising additional rents for the Royal Exchequer. Vermuyden was himself an "adventurer" in the undertaking, putting capital into the venture and receiving the title to a considerable proportion of the drained lands. One of the important elements of his drainage designs was the principal of "washes", which were flat areas between the protective dykes and the rivers to carry flood waters, to prevent them spreading on to nearby land. Vermuyden faced bitter opposition from those whose livelihoods depended on the marshlands and who resorted to sabotage of the embankments and violence against his imported Dutch workmen to defend their rights. The work could not be completed until arbiters had ruled out on the respective rights of the parties involved. Disagreements and criticism of his engineering practices continued and he gave up his interest in Hatfield Chase. The Hatfield Chase undertaking was not a great success, although the land is now rich farmland around the river Don in Doncaster. However, the involved financial and land-ownership arrangements were the key to the granting of a knighthood to Cornelius Vermuyden in January 1628, and in 1630 he purchased 4,000 acres of low-lying land on Sedgemoor in Somerset.In 1629 Vermuyden embarked on his most important work, that of draining the Great Level in the fenlands of East Anglia. Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford, was given charge of the work, with Vermuyden as Engineer; in this venture they were speculators and partners and were recompensed by a grant of land. The area which contains the Cambridgeshire tributaries of the Great Ouse were subject to severe and usually annual flooding. The works to contain the rivers in their flood period were important. Whilst the rivers were contained with the enclosed flood plain, the land beyond became highly sought-after because of the quality of the soil. The fourteen "adventurers" who eventually came into partnership with the Earl of Bedford and Vermuyden were the financiers of the scheme and also received land in accordance with their input into the scheme. In 1637 the work was claimed to be complete, but this was disputed, with Vermuyden defending himself against criticism in a pamphlet entitled Discourse Touching the Great Fennes (1638; 1642, London). In fact, much remained to be done, and after an interruption due to the Civil War the scheme was finished in 1652. Whilst the process of the Great Level works had closely involved the King, Oliver Cromwell was equally concerned over the success of the scheme. By 1655 Cornelius Vermuyden had ceased to have anything to do with the Great Level. At that stage he was asked to account for large sums granted to him to expedite the work but was unable to do so; most of his assets were seized to cover the deficiency, and from then on he subsided into obscurity and poverty.While Cornelius Vermuyden, as a Dutchman, was well versed in the drainage needs of his own country, he developed his skills as a hydraulic engineer in England and drained acres of derelict flooded land.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1628.Further ReadingL.E.Harris, 1953, Vermuyden and the Fens, London: Cleaver Hume Press. J.Korthals-Altes, 1977, Sir Cornelius Vermuyden: The Lifework of a Great Anglo-Dutchman in Land-Reclamation and Drainage, New York: Alto Press.KM / LRDBiographical history of technology > Vermuyden, Sir Cornelius
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120 tanu
to cover something in the ground with stones or soil; to bury a corpse; tanu kopú, to bury completely; this expression is mostly used figuratively: ka-tanu kopú te vânaga tuai era, ina ekó mana'u hakaou, forget those old stories, don't think of them again.
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