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101 Surah
A French-made silk cloth used for dress purposes, handkerchiefs, etc. Twill weave, and made on both hand and power looms, very light yarns of Jap silk are used. The cloth is made from dyed yarns and in a few qualities only. ———————— A soft light-weight, all-wool dress fabric woven in nearly invisible cords or twills or in fine basket-weave effect. -
102 hand
1 [lichaamsdeel] hand♦voorbeelden:in andere handen komen • change handsblote handen • bare handsdie zaak is in goede/slechte handen • that matter is in good/bad handsin goede/verkeerde handen vallen • 〈 figuurlijk〉 fall into the right/wrong handsiemand de helpende hand bieden • lend someone a (helping) handniet met lege handen komen • not come empty-handed〈 figuurlijk〉 uit de losse hand • roughly, in an improvised wayiets met vaste hand doen • do something with a sure touch〈 figuurlijk〉 met vaste/krachtige hand regeren • rule with a firm/iron handhij is in veilige handen • he is in safe handsiemand (de) handen vol werk geven • give someone no end of work/troublede handen vol hebben aan iemand/iets • have one's hands full with someone/somethinghij heeft de handen meer dan vol • he has enough/too much on his platedat kost handen vol geld • that costs lots of moneyiets aan vreemde handen toevertrouwen • entrust something to strangershij heeft de handen niet vrij • he does not have a free hand〈 figuurlijk〉 de vrije hand hebben/krijgen • have/acquire a free handergens zijn handen niet aan vuil willen maken • refuse to soil one's hands with something〈 figuurlijk〉 ik draai er mijn hand niet voor om • 〈 ik heb er geen moeite mee〉 I think nothing of it; 〈 het kan me niet schelen〉 I don't care a rap (for it)iemand de hand drukken/geven/schudden • give someone one's hand, shake hands with someonedan kunnen we elkaar de hand geven • we're in the same boat〈 figuurlijk〉 iemand de hand boven het hoofd houden • 〈 aan zijn kant staan〉 stand by someone; 〈 iemand beschermen die iets misdaan heeft〉 protect someone〈 figuurlijk〉 de handen op elkaar krijgen • earn/get applause〈 figuurlijk〉 de hand op iets/iemand leggen • lay hands on someone/somethingiemands hand lezen • read someone's palmde hand lichten met het reglement • disregard the regulationselkaar de hand reiken • hold out a hand to each other 〈 ook figuurlijk〉; 〈 figuurlijk〉 reach out to each otherhanden schudden • shake handshij steekt geen/nooit een hand uit • he never does a stroke of workde hand over het hart strijken • 〈 figuurlijk〉 be lenient/soft-heartedhij kan zijn handen niet thuishouden • he can't keep his hands to himselfdaar wordt vaak de hand mee gelicht • that is often skimped/not taken seriously(mijn) hand erop! • you have/here's my hand on it!handen omhoog! (of ik schiet) • hands up!/ 〈 informeel〉stick 'em up! (or I'll shoot)handen thuis! • hands off!〈 figuurlijk〉 iets aan de hand hebben • 〈 met iets bezig zijn〉 have something going/on; 〈 bij iets betrokken zijn〉 be involved in somethingaan de hand van deze berekeningen • on the basis of these calculationsiemand een middel aan de hand doen tegen huiduitslag • put someone on to a good remedy for a rashniks aan de hand! • there's nothing the matteraan de hand van deze ervaringen concludeer ik … • in view of these experiences I conclude …iets achter de hand hebben • 〈 figuurlijk〉 have something to fall back on; 〈 heimelijk〉 have something up one's sleevewat geld achter de hand houden • keep some money for a rainy dayik heb mijn gummetje altijd vlak bij de hand • I always have my rubber near at handin de handen klappen • clap one's handsiemand iets in handen spelen • put something someone's wayiemand iets in de hand duwen/stoppen • slip/thrust something into someone's hands; 〈 figuurlijk〉 palm/fob someone off with somethingeen bewijs in handen hebben • have evidencehet onderzoek is in handen van N. • the investigation is being conducted by N.de markt in handen hebben • control/have control of the marketde politie heeft de zaak nu in handen • the police have the case in handde macht in handen hebben • have powerde toestand in de hand hebben • have the situation in handin handen vallen van de politie/de vijand • fall into the hands of the police/enemy〈 figuurlijk〉 iets met beide handen aangrijpen • jump at something; 〈 aanbod, gelegenheid ook〉 seize (upon) somethingmet de hand gemaakt/geschreven • hand-made/handwritten〈 figuurlijk〉 iemand naar zijn hand zetten • force/mould/bend someone to one's will, manage someone, twist someone round one's (little) fingeriets om handen hebben • have something to do〈 figuurlijk〉 iemand onder handen nemen • take someone in hand/to taskiemand op (de) handen dragen • 〈 figuurlijk〉 worship/idolize someonehand over hand toenemen • increase hand over fist, gain ground rapidlyiemand iets ter hand stellen • hand something (over) to someoneiets ter hand nemen • take something up, take something in hand, undertake somethinger komt niets uit zijn handen • he doesn't get anything doneuit de hand lopen • get out of handiemand het werk uit (de) handen nemen • take work off someone's handsiets van de hand doen • sell/part with/dispose of somethingvan hand tot hand gaan • be passed from hand to handgoed/duur van de hand gaan • sell well/at high prices 〈 van koopwaren〉dat is de meest voor de hand liggende conclusie • that is the most obvious conclusiongeen hand voor iemand/iets uitsteken • not lift a finger for someone/somethinghij heeft er geen hand naar uitgestoken • 〈 niets aan gedaan〉 he hasn't done a stroke of work on it; 〈 niets van gegeten〉 he hasn't touched itgeen hand voor ogen kunnen zien • 〈 figuurlijk〉 not be able to see one's hand in front of one('s face)ik heb maar twee handen! • I have only (got) one pair of hands!een verhaal van de hand van • a story (written) by3 de zieke is aan de beterende hand • the patient is on the mend/getting betteraan mijn rechter/linker hand • on my right/left (hand/side)aan de winnende hand zijn • be winning〈 figuurlijk〉 iemand op zijn hand hebben/krijgen • have/get someone on one's side¶ wat is er daar aan de hand? • what's going on there?〈 figuurlijk〉 alsof er niets aan de hand was • as if nothing had happened/was wronger is iets aan de hand • there's something the matter/upiets/iemand in de hand werken • encourage something/someone; 〈 iets ook〉 make for something; 〈 iemand ook〉 play into someone's hands〈 van personen〉 zwaar op de hand zijn • be heavy/ponderousop handen zijn • be (near) at hand/imminent/forthcomingvan de hand in de tand leven • live from hand to moutheen verzoek/voorstel van de hand wijzen • refuse a request 〈 verzoek〉; turn down a proposal 〈 voorstel〉 -
103 Papin, Denis
SUBJECT AREA: Domestic appliances and interiors[br]b. 22 August 1647 Blois, Loire et Cher, Franced. 1712 London, England[br]French mathematician and physicist, inventor of the pressure-cooker.[br]Largely educated by his father, he worked for some time for Huygens at Ley den, then for a time in London where he assisted Robert Boyle with his experiments on the air pump. He supposedly invented the double-acting air pump. He travelled to Venice and worked there for a time, but was back in London in 1684 before taking up the position of Professor of Mathematics at the University of Marburg (in 1669 or 1670 he became a Doctor of Medicine at Angers), where he remained from 1687 to 1695. Then followed a period at Cassel, where he was employed by the Duke of Hesse. In this capacity he was much involved in the application of steam-power to pumping water for the Duke's garden fountains. Papin finally returned to London in 1707. He is best known for his "digester", none other than the domestic pressure-cooker. John Evelyn describes it in his diary (12 April 1682): "I went this Afternoone to a Supper, with severall of the R.Society, which was all dressed (both fish and flesh) in Monsieur Papins Digestorie; by which the hardest bones of Biefe itself, \& Mutton, were without water, or other liquor, \& with less than 8 ounces of Coales made as soft as Cheeze, produc'd an incredible quantity of Gravie…. This Philosophical Supper raised much mirth among us, \& exceedingly pleased all the Companie." The pressure-cooker depends on the increase in the boiling point of water with increase of pressure. To avoid the risk of the vessel exploding, Papin devised a weight-loaded lever-type safety valve.There are those who would claim that Papin preceded Newcomen as the true inventor of the steam engine. There is no doubt that as early as 1690 Papin had the idea of an atmospheric engine, in which a piston in a cylinder is forced upwards by expanding steam and then returned by the weight of the atmosphere upon the piston, but he lacked practical engineering skill such as was necessary to put theory into practice. The story is told of his last trip from Cassel, when returning to England. It is said that he built his own steamboat, intending to make the whole journey by this means, ending with a triumphal journey up the Thames. However, boatmen on the river Weser, thinking that the steamboat threatened their livelihood, attacked it and broke it up. Papin had to travel by more orthodox means. Papin is said to have co-operated with Thomas Savery in the development of the lat-ter's steam engine, on which he was working c. 1705.[br]Further ReadingCharles-Armand Klein, 1987, Denis Papin: Illustre savant blaisois, Chambray, France: CLD.A.P.M.Fleming and H.R.S.Brocklehurst, 1925, A History of Engineering.Sigvar Strandh, 1979, Machines, Mitchell Beazley.IMcN -
104 Pixii, Antoine Hippolyte
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 1808 Franced. 1835[br]French instrument maker who devised the first machine to incorporate the basic elements of a modern electric generator.[br]Mechanical devices to transform energy from a mechanical to an electrical form followed shortly after Faraday's discovery of induction. One of the earliest was Pixii's magneto generator. Pixii had been an instrument maker to Arago and Ampère for a number of years and his machine was first announced to the Academy of Sciences in Paris in September 1832. In this hand-driven generator a permanent magnet was rotated in close proximity to two coils on soft iron cores, producing an alternating current. Subsequently Pixii adapted to a larger version of his machine a "see-saw" switch or commutator devised by Ampère, in order to obtain a unidirectional current. The machine provided a current similar to that obtained with a chemical cell and was capable of decomposing water into oxygen and hydrogen. It was the prototype of many magneto-electric machines which followed.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsAcademy of Sciences, Paris, Gold Medal 1832.Further ReadingB.Bowers, 1982, A History of Electric Light and Power, London, pp. 70–2 (describes the development of Pixii's generator).C.Jackson, 1833, "Notice of the revolving electric magnet of Mr Pixii of Paris", American Journal of Science 24:146–7.GWBiographical history of technology > Pixii, Antoine Hippolyte
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105 Ravenscroft, George
[br]b. 1632 Alconbury, Huntingdonshire, Englandd. 7 June 1683 Barnet, Hertfordshire, England[br]English inventor of lead-crystal glass.[br]George's father James was a successful lawyer and merchant, engaging in overseas trade.A devout but necessarily circumspect Catholic, James sent his sons to the English College at Douai, now in northern France. Leaving there in 1651, George began to learn his father's business and spent some fifteen years in Venice. He took an increasingly important part in it, doubtless dealing in Venice's leading products of lace and glass. By 1666 he was back in England and, perhaps because the supply of Venetian glass was beginning to decline, he started to manufacture glass himself. In 1673 he set up a glassworks in the Savoy in London and succeeded so well that in the following year he petitioned the King for the grant of a patent to make glassware. This was granted on 16 May 1674, stimulating the Glass Sellers' Company to enter into an agreement with Ravenscroft to buy the glassware he produced. Later in 1674 the company allowed Ravenscroft to establish a second glasshouse at Henley-onThames. At first his ware was beset with "crizzling", i.e. numerous fine surface cracks. The Glass Sellers probably urged Ravenscroft to cure this defect, and this he achieved in 1675 by replacing crushed flint with increasing amounts of lead oxide, rising finally to a content of 30 per cent. He thereby obtained a relatively soft, heavy glass with high refractive index and dispersive power. This made it amenable to deep cutting, to produce the brilliant prismatic effects of cut glass. At about the same time, the Duke of Buckingham, a considerable promoter of the glass industry, agreed that Ravenscroft should manage his works at Vauxhall for the making of plate glass for mirrors. Ravenscroft terminated his agreement with the Glass Sellers in 1678, the date of the last evidence of his activities as a maker of crystal glass, and the patent expired in 1681. His new glass had immediately rivalled the best Venetian crystal glass and has been a valued product ever since.[br]Further ReadingR.F.Moody, 1988, The life of George Ravenscroft', Glass Technology 29 (1):198–210;Glass Technology 30(5):191–2 (additional notes on his life).LRD -
106 наращивание сил и средств
Русско-английский военно-политический словарь > наращивание сил и средств
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107 جاذبية
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108 فتنة
فِتْنَة \ charm: the power to please in a gentle way (by beauty, kindness, etc.); a quality that pleases: the charm of soft music; the charms of rural life. loveliness: beauty. magic: a strange and beautiful charm: the magic of a starry sky. sedition: seditious behaviour. \ See Also جمال (جَمَال) -
109 معدن
مَعْدِن \ metal: a mineral substance such as iron, silver, etc.. mineral: any natural substance that may be obtained from the earth (coal, gold, sand, oil, gas, etc.). \ كالمَعْدِن \ metallic: of metal; like metal: metallic colours; a metallic sound. \ مَعْدِن البلاتين \ platinum: a hard and valuable silvery metal, much used in jewellery. \ مَعْدِن التَّنْجستِن \ tungsten: a valuable grey-white metal used to strengthen steel. \ مَعْدِن خام \ ore: a kind of rock from which metal can be obtained: gold ore; iron ore. \ مَعْدِن الرّادْيُوم \ radium: a powerful radioactive metal that can be used for treating some diseases. \ مَعْدِن الرَّصاص \ lead: a soft heavy metal. \ مَعْدِن الكُرُوم \ chromium: a metal that makes a shining surface on other metals, used esp. on cars. \ مَعْدِن المَغْنِيزْيُوم \ magnesium: a silvery-white metal that burns with a bright light. \ مَعْدِن النِّيكَل \ nickel: a hard silvery metal, used for making coins, spoons, etc.. \ مَعْدِن اليُورانيوم \ uranium: a metal that provides atomic power. -
110 charm
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111 charm
فِتْنَة \ charm: the power to please in a gentle way (by beauty, kindness, etc.); a quality that pleases: the charm of soft music; the charms of rural life. loveliness: beauty. magic: a strange and beautiful charm: the magic of a starry sky. sedition: seditious behaviour. \ See Also جمال (جَمَال) -
112 loveliness
فِتْنَة \ charm: the power to please in a gentle way (by beauty, kindness, etc.); a quality that pleases: the charm of soft music; the charms of rural life. loveliness: beauty. magic: a strange and beautiful charm: the magic of a starry sky. sedition: seditious behaviour. \ See Also جمال (جَمَال) -
113 magic
فِتْنَة \ charm: the power to please in a gentle way (by beauty, kindness, etc.); a quality that pleases: the charm of soft music; the charms of rural life. loveliness: beauty. magic: a strange and beautiful charm: the magic of a starry sky. sedition: seditious behaviour. \ See Also جمال (جَمَال) -
114 sedition
فِتْنَة \ charm: the power to please in a gentle way (by beauty, kindness, etc.); a quality that pleases: the charm of soft music; the charms of rural life. loveliness: beauty. magic: a strange and beautiful charm: the magic of a starry sky. sedition: seditious behaviour. \ See Also جمال (جَمَال) -
115 действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
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[Интент]Параллельные тексты EN-RU
Effects of the electric arc inside switchgear and controlgear assemblies
In the proximity of the main boards, i.e. in the proximity of big electrical machines, such as transformers or generators, the short-circuit power is high and consequently also the energy associated with the electrical arc due to a fault is high.
Without going into complex mathematical descriptions of this phenomenon, the first instants of arc formation inside a cubicle can be schematized in 4 phases:
1. compression phase: in this phase the volume of the air where the arc develops is overheated owing to the continuous release of energy; due to convection and radiation the remaining volume of air inside the cubicle warms up; initially there are temperature and pressure values different from one zone to another;
2. expansion phase: from the first instants of internal pressure increase a hole is formed through which the overheated air begins to go out. In this phase the pressure reaches its maximum value and starts to decrease owing to the release of hot air;
3. emission phase: in this phase, due to the continuous contribution of energy by the arc, nearly all the air is forced out under a soft and almost constant overpressure;
4. thermal phase: after the expulsion of the air, the temperature inside the switchgear reaches almost that of the electrical arc, thus beginning this final phase which lasts till the arc is quenched, when all the metals and the insulating materials coming into contact undergo erosion with production of gases, fumes and molten material particles.
Should the electrical arc occur in open configurations, some of the described phases could not be present or could have less effect; however, there shall be a pressure wave and a rise in the temperature of the zones surrounding the arc.
Being in the proximity of an electrical arc is quite dangerous; here are some data to understand how dangerous it is:
• pressure: at a distance of 60 cm from an electrical arc associated with a 20 kA arcing fault a person can be subject to a force of 225 kg; moreover, the sudden pressure wave may cause permanent injuries to the eardrum;
• arc temperatures: about 7000-8000 °C;
• sound: electrical arc sound levels can reach 160 db, a shotgun blast only 130 db.
[ABB]Действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
Короткое замыкание вблизи больших силовых устройств, таких как трансформаторы или генераторы имеет очень большую мощность. Поэтому энергия электрической дуги, возникшей в результате короткого замыкания, очень большая.
Не вдаваясь в сложное математическое описание данного явления, можно сказать, что первые мгновения формирования дуги внутри шкафа можно упрощенно разделить на четыре этапа:
1. Этап сжатия: на этом этапе объем воздуха, в котором происходит зарождение дуги перегревается вследствие непрерывного высвобождения энергии. За счет конвекции и излучения оставшийся объем воздуха внутри шкафа нагревается. На этом начальном этапе значения температуры и давления воздуха в разных зонах НКУ разные.
2. Этап расширения: с первых мгновений внутреннее давление создает канал, через который начинается движение перегретого воздуха. На этом этапе давление достигает своего максимального значения, после чего начинает уменьшаться вследствие выхода горячего воздуха.
3. Этап эмиссии: на этом этапе вследствие непрерывного пополнения энергией дуги почти весь воздух выталкивается под действием мягкого и почти постоянного избыточного давления.
4. Термический этап: после выхлопа воздуха температура внутри НКУ почти достигает температуры электрической дуги. Так начинается заключительный этап, который длится до тех пор, пока дуга не погаснет. При этом все металлические и изоляционные материалы, вступившие в контакт с дугой, оказываются подвергнутыми эрозии с выделением газов, дыма и частиц расплавленного материала.
Если электрическая дуга возникнет в открытом НКУ, то некоторые из описанных этапов могут не присутствовать или могут иметь меньшее воздействие. Тем не менее будет иметь место воздушная волна и подъем температуры вблизи дуги.
Находиться вблизи электрической дуги довольно опасно. Ниже приведены некоторые сведения, помогающие осознать эту опасность:
• давление: На расстоянии 60 см от электрической дуги, вызванной током короткого замыкания 20 кА, человек может подвергнуться воздействию силы 225 кг. Более того, резкая волна давления может нанести тяжелую травму барабанным перепонкам;
• температура дуги: около 7000-8000 °C;
• шумовое воздействие: Уровень шумового воздействия электрической дуги может достигнуть 160 дБ (выстрел из дробовика – 130 дБ).
[Перевод Интент]Тематики
- НКУ (шкафы, пульты,...)
EN
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > действие электрической дуги, возникающей внутри НКУ распределения и управления
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116 משיכה
מְשִׁיכָהf. (מָשַׁךְ) drawing, pulling. Y.B. Kam.X, end, 7c מְשִׁיכַת המחט, v. מַחַט. Num. R. s. 18, beg. משיכת דברים רכים the drawing (winning) power of soft words; Tanḥ. Korah 1; a. e.Esp. mshikhah, taking possession by drawing towards ones self the object to be acquired. Kidd.I, 4 נקנית במ׳ is taken possession of by pulling, contrad. to הַגְבָּהָה a. מְסִירָה. B. Mets.9a, contrad. to הַנְהָגָה. ib. 47b, a. e. כדרך שתיקנו מ׳וכ׳ as the scholars declared mshikhah to be necessary to bind the seller, so did they make it necessary to bind the buyer; a. fr. -
117 מְשִׁיכָה
מְשִׁיכָהf. (מָשַׁךְ) drawing, pulling. Y.B. Kam.X, end, 7c מְשִׁיכַת המחט, v. מַחַט. Num. R. s. 18, beg. משיכת דברים רכים the drawing (winning) power of soft words; Tanḥ. Korah 1; a. e.Esp. mshikhah, taking possession by drawing towards ones self the object to be acquired. Kidd.I, 4 נקנית במ׳ is taken possession of by pulling, contrad. to הַגְבָּהָה a. מְסִירָה. B. Mets.9a, contrad. to הַנְהָגָה. ib. 47b, a. e. כדרך שתיקנו מ׳וכ׳ as the scholars declared mshikhah to be necessary to bind the seller, so did they make it necessary to bind the buyer; a. fr. -
118 עין
עַיִןf. (b. h.; עוּן) 1) eye, sight, look. Kidd.24a בשן וע׳, v. יָצָא. Ib. b הכהו על עֵינֹווכ׳ if the master struck him on his eye and made it blind. B. Kam.83b (ref. to Ex. 21:24) אימא ע׳ ממש may not the text mean that he who injures a persons eye must really suffer the same injury? Sabb.108b bot. יד לע׳וכ׳ an unwashed hand (in the morning) touching the eye deserves to be cut off. Taan.8b סמוי מן הע׳, v. סָמָא. Ib. דבר שאין הע׳ שולטת בו something which the eye cannot look at (being stored away), v. infra; a. v. fr.Y.Ned.IX, end, 41c עשה לה ע׳ של זהב, a corrupt dittography of עשה לה שן של זהב.ע׳ טובה (also יפה) a benevolent eye, good will, liberality, opp. ע׳ רעה or עֵין הרע (abbr. עה״ר), also ע׳ צרה ill-will, selfishness, envy. Ab. II, 9. Sabb.74a משום ע׳ יפהוכ׳ he intended to show his good will. Tosef.Ḥall.I, 7 שעינו יפה בעיסתו he is liberal with his dough (is glad to give the priests portion), opp. עינו צרה. Esth. R. to 1. 4 היתה עינו צרה בממונו he was jealous of his wealth (unwilling to leave it to his heirs to be enjoyed by them). Ab. V, 13 עינו רצה בשל אחרים he is illiberal with regard to other peoples money (begrudges them the privilege of giving charity), ע׳ רעה בשלו he is illiberal with his own money (is too greedy to afford himself the pleasure of giving charity). Ib. II, 11, v. יֵצֶר; a. fr.צַר ע׳ (= רַע ע׳) selfish, opp. טוב ע׳ liberal, selfless. Sabb.108b שדורי … צר ע׳ אנא I send you (the salve), lest you say that I am selfish. Sot.38b אפי׳ העופות מכירין בצָרֵי ע׳ even birds recognize selfish men. Ib. כל הנהנה מצרי ע׳וכ׳ he who accepts benefits from self-seeking men, transgresses a law (ref. to Prov. 23:6). Ib. אין … לטוב ע׳ the cup of benediction must be handed to none but an unselfish person (with ref. to Prov. 22:9); a. e.Esp. ע׳ רעה, עֵין הרע (abbrev. עה״ר), or only עַיִן, the evil eye, an envious glance that brings harm to the person looked at, bewitchment. B. Mets. 107b (ref. to Deut. 7:15) זו ע׳ that means the effect of an evil eye. Ib. תשעים … בע׳ רעהוכ׳ ninety-nine persons die of an evil eye against one in the natural course. Gen. R. s. 91 שלא תשלוט בכםעה״ר that the evil eye may have no power over you. Ib. לא הייתם … מפני הע׳ were you not afraid of the evil eye? Ber.20a ע׳ שלא … איןעה״ר שולטת בי no evil eye can affect him whose eye refused to feed on what was not his (to look at the charms of a married woman); a. fr.שקל ע׳ בע׳ to balance the scales exactly, to allow no overweight (v. עוּן, a. כָּרַע). B. Bath. V, 11; a. fr.בע׳ visible to the eye, discernible; in natural form. Y.Ber.VI, 10a אע״פ ששחוקין בעֵינָן הן although they are ground, they are still discernible. Ib. אם בעַיְינָן הן if they are in their natural form (not mashed); a. fr.כְּעֵין like the appearance of, similar to, a sort of (cmp. גַּוָּון). Ib. b כל שהוא כע׳ סולתוכ׳ whatever resembles a pudding or dumpling. Ber.58a (in Chald. diet.) מלכותא דארעא כע׳וכ׳ the government on earth is like the government in heaven (inspires reverence); a. fr.מֵעֵין a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of. Snh.105b (ref. to the preposition מ in 1 Kings 1:47) מע׳ קאמר ליה he means, ‘as a reflection (of thy name, thy throne). Ib. (ref. to Jud. 5:24) מע׳ קאמר it means ‘similar to (the blessings of Sarah). Ber.IV, 3 מע׳י״ח an abstract of the eighteen benedictions. Y. ib. 8a bot. שבע מע׳י״ח seven benedictions embodying the eighteen. Ib. VI, 10b ברכה אחת מע׳ שלש one benediction embodying the three. Gen. R. s. 11, a. e., v. דּוּגְמַטְרִין.Du. עֵינַיִים, עֵינַיִם. Bekh.VII, 4 עֵינָיו גדולותוכ׳ if his (the priests) eyes are as large as those of a calf. Ib. 3. Ber.58a, a. e. נתן עיניו בווכ׳ he put his eyes on him, and he was turned into a heap of bones. Y.Hor.III, end, 48c נתנו עֵינֵיהֶן בשמואלוכ׳ they directed their attention to Samuel ; a. fr.אחז את הע׳, v. אָחַז. 2) anything resembling the eye, hole, ring Kel. VIII, 7 ע׳ של תנור the ‘eye of an oven (the fireplace under the oven, Maim.; the opening for the escape of the smoke, which may be closed to retain the heat, R. S.). Ib. IX, 8 תנור שניקב מעינו an oven in the eye of which is a defect. Ib. XXI, 2 ע׳ the ring-shaped pad around an animals neck (a halter of soft material). Ib. ע׳ של מתכת a metal hame (cmp. עוֹנָתָא). Tosef. ib. B. Bath. I, 7 העיין שבמצעד the ring attached to an adze; a. fr. 3) spring, well. Keth.I, 10; a. fr.(Frequ. עֵין in pr. n. pl., as ע׳ סוכר, ע׳ טב; v. respective determinants). -
119 עַיִן
עַיִןf. (b. h.; עוּן) 1) eye, sight, look. Kidd.24a בשן וע׳, v. יָצָא. Ib. b הכהו על עֵינֹווכ׳ if the master struck him on his eye and made it blind. B. Kam.83b (ref. to Ex. 21:24) אימא ע׳ ממש may not the text mean that he who injures a persons eye must really suffer the same injury? Sabb.108b bot. יד לע׳וכ׳ an unwashed hand (in the morning) touching the eye deserves to be cut off. Taan.8b סמוי מן הע׳, v. סָמָא. Ib. דבר שאין הע׳ שולטת בו something which the eye cannot look at (being stored away), v. infra; a. v. fr.Y.Ned.IX, end, 41c עשה לה ע׳ של זהב, a corrupt dittography of עשה לה שן של זהב.ע׳ טובה (also יפה) a benevolent eye, good will, liberality, opp. ע׳ רעה or עֵין הרע (abbr. עה״ר), also ע׳ צרה ill-will, selfishness, envy. Ab. II, 9. Sabb.74a משום ע׳ יפהוכ׳ he intended to show his good will. Tosef.Ḥall.I, 7 שעינו יפה בעיסתו he is liberal with his dough (is glad to give the priests portion), opp. עינו צרה. Esth. R. to 1. 4 היתה עינו צרה בממונו he was jealous of his wealth (unwilling to leave it to his heirs to be enjoyed by them). Ab. V, 13 עינו רצה בשל אחרים he is illiberal with regard to other peoples money (begrudges them the privilege of giving charity), ע׳ רעה בשלו he is illiberal with his own money (is too greedy to afford himself the pleasure of giving charity). Ib. II, 11, v. יֵצֶר; a. fr.צַר ע׳ (= רַע ע׳) selfish, opp. טוב ע׳ liberal, selfless. Sabb.108b שדורי … צר ע׳ אנא I send you (the salve), lest you say that I am selfish. Sot.38b אפי׳ העופות מכירין בצָרֵי ע׳ even birds recognize selfish men. Ib. כל הנהנה מצרי ע׳וכ׳ he who accepts benefits from self-seeking men, transgresses a law (ref. to Prov. 23:6). Ib. אין … לטוב ע׳ the cup of benediction must be handed to none but an unselfish person (with ref. to Prov. 22:9); a. e.Esp. ע׳ רעה, עֵין הרע (abbrev. עה״ר), or only עַיִן, the evil eye, an envious glance that brings harm to the person looked at, bewitchment. B. Mets. 107b (ref. to Deut. 7:15) זו ע׳ that means the effect of an evil eye. Ib. תשעים … בע׳ רעהוכ׳ ninety-nine persons die of an evil eye against one in the natural course. Gen. R. s. 91 שלא תשלוט בכםעה״ר that the evil eye may have no power over you. Ib. לא הייתם … מפני הע׳ were you not afraid of the evil eye? Ber.20a ע׳ שלא … איןעה״ר שולטת בי no evil eye can affect him whose eye refused to feed on what was not his (to look at the charms of a married woman); a. fr.שקל ע׳ בע׳ to balance the scales exactly, to allow no overweight (v. עוּן, a. כָּרַע). B. Bath. V, 11; a. fr.בע׳ visible to the eye, discernible; in natural form. Y.Ber.VI, 10a אע״פ ששחוקין בעֵינָן הן although they are ground, they are still discernible. Ib. אם בעַיְינָן הן if they are in their natural form (not mashed); a. fr.כְּעֵין like the appearance of, similar to, a sort of (cmp. גַּוָּון). Ib. b כל שהוא כע׳ סולתוכ׳ whatever resembles a pudding or dumpling. Ber.58a (in Chald. diet.) מלכותא דארעא כע׳וכ׳ the government on earth is like the government in heaven (inspires reverence); a. fr.מֵעֵין a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of. Snh.105b (ref. to the preposition מ in 1 Kings 1:47) מע׳ קאמר ליה he means, ‘as a reflection (of thy name, thy throne). Ib. (ref. to Jud. 5:24) מע׳ קאמר it means ‘similar to (the blessings of Sarah). Ber.IV, 3 מע׳י״ח an abstract of the eighteen benedictions. Y. ib. 8a bot. שבע מע׳י״ח seven benedictions embodying the eighteen. Ib. VI, 10b ברכה אחת מע׳ שלש one benediction embodying the three. Gen. R. s. 11, a. e., v. דּוּגְמַטְרִין.Du. עֵינַיִים, עֵינַיִם. Bekh.VII, 4 עֵינָיו גדולותוכ׳ if his (the priests) eyes are as large as those of a calf. Ib. 3. Ber.58a, a. e. נתן עיניו בווכ׳ he put his eyes on him, and he was turned into a heap of bones. Y.Hor.III, end, 48c נתנו עֵינֵיהֶן בשמואלוכ׳ they directed their attention to Samuel ; a. fr.אחז את הע׳, v. אָחַז. 2) anything resembling the eye, hole, ring Kel. VIII, 7 ע׳ של תנור the ‘eye of an oven (the fireplace under the oven, Maim.; the opening for the escape of the smoke, which may be closed to retain the heat, R. S.). Ib. IX, 8 תנור שניקב מעינו an oven in the eye of which is a defect. Ib. XXI, 2 ע׳ the ring-shaped pad around an animals neck (a halter of soft material). Ib. ע׳ של מתכת a metal hame (cmp. עוֹנָתָא). Tosef. ib. B. Bath. I, 7 העיין שבמצעד the ring attached to an adze; a. fr. 3) spring, well. Keth.I, 10; a. fr.(Frequ. עֵין in pr. n. pl., as ע׳ סוכר, ע׳ טב; v. respective determinants).
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